摘要(yao):隨著電子(zi)書(shu)行業的(de)蓬勃發展(zhan),電子(zi)書(shu)服務(wu)日益(yi)成為(wei)圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)的(de)一(yi)項重要(yao)工作。文(wen)章采用(yong)文(wen)獻計量(liang)學分析方法,基于中國知網中的(de)文(wen)獻,對我(wo)國20余(yu)年來圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)電子(zi)書(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)相(xiang)關成果進行梳理和總結,以期全面(mian)了(le)解我(wo)國圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)電子(zi)書(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)現狀及未來發展(zhan)趨勢。

關(guan)鍵詞(ci):圖書(shu)館;電(dian)(dian)子書(shu);服(fu)務模式;服(fu)務平臺;電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)借閱;電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)閱讀;電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)采(cai)購

電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)利用(yong)信息(xi)化(hua)手(shou)段將知識內(nei)容數字化(hua)形成數字文(wen)件,并(bing)以書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)籍(ji)形式呈現,可(ke)通過電(dian)(dian)腦、閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)器、智能手(shou)機等(deng)電(dian)(dian)子設備進(jin)行(xing)(xing)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)。與傳統紙質書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)相(xiang)比,電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)具有易檢索(suo)、易攜帶(dai)、內(nei)容豐富、支持(chi)個性化(hua)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)等(deng)優勢,近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)電(dian)(dian)子閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)服(fu)務越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受到圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館重視。2011年(nian)(nian),美國《圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館雜志(zhi)》開展(zhan)圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)普(pu)及程度和(he)使(shi)用(yong)調查(cha),調查(cha)顯示學(xue)術(shu)圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館的電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)普(pu)及率最高,有95%的學(xue)術(shu)圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),主要提(ti)供(gong)學(xue)術(shu)性刊物,涵蓋(gai)工學(xue)、人(ren)文(wen)學(xue)、醫學(xue)、法學(xue)等(deng)學(xue)科,其次是(shi)公共圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館,有82%的公共圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)服(fu)務[1]。2001年(nian)(nian)4月,方(fang)正電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發布阿帕比(Apabi)網絡出(chu)版(電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu))整體解決方(fang)案,標志(zhi)著我國電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)(xing)業正式開啟。2006年(nian)(nian)1月,首(shou)都圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)館與方(fang)正電(dian)(dian)子正式簽約,一次性購買了8萬(wan)冊電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),面向首(shou)都市(shi)(shi)民(min)提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)借閱(yue)(yue)服(fu)務[2]。相(xiang)關數據顯示,2020年(nian)(nian)我國數字閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)市(shi)(shi)場持(chi)續增長,閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)用(yong)戶規模(mo)達到4.94億(yi),增長率為(wei)5.56%,人(ren)均電(dian)(dian)子書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)量為(wei)9.1本,人(ren)均有聲(sheng)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)閱(yue)(yue)讀(du)量為(wei)6.3本。

1圖書(shu)館電子書(shu)研究文獻計量分(fen)析

筆(bi)者在中(zhong)國知網采用TI=‘電子(zi)(zi)(zi)書(shu)’?‘圖書(shu)館(guan)’、TI=‘電子(zi)(zi)(zi)書(shu)’andAB=‘圖書(shu)館(guan)’、TI=‘電子(zi)(zi)(zi)書(shu)’andKY=‘圖書(shu)館(guan)'等檢索(suo)(suo)式(shi)進(jin)行檢索(suo)(suo),檢索(suo)(suo)文(wen)獻類型限(xian)定(ding)為(wei)學(xue)術期刊、學(xue)位論文(wen)、報紙、會議論文(wen),共(gong)檢索(suo)(suo)到相關文(wen)獻481篇,總被引(yin)次(ci)數2,002次(ci),篇均被引(yin)4.20,研(yan)究活躍期為(wei)2009—2021年。

1.1發文數(shu)量分(fen)析

近年(nian)(nian)來，互聯網(wang)(wang)技(ji)(ji)術和(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)迅猛(meng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展顯著改變了(le)世(shi)界(jie)范圍內(nei)(nei)出(chu)版(ban)產(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展模式(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)及人們的(de)(de)(de)閱讀方式(shi)(shi)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)而言，傳統的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)依托紙質出(chu)版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)(shi)已(yi)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)滿(man)足時(shi)展的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，必須在(zai)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)生(sheng)產(chan)、產(chan)品形態、管理(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)、信息(xi)傳播等各個方面實(shi)現數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)轉型［1－2］，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)拓展學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)存(cun)(cun)空(kong)間，提(ti)升其競爭力(li)(li)(li)、影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)傳播力(li)(li)(li)。2016年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科技(ji)(ji)論(lun)文統計與(yu)分析［3］數(shu)(shu)(shu)據顯示(shi)，2016年(nian)(nian)SCI數(shu)(shu)(shu)據庫(ku)收錄世(shi)界(jie)科技(ji)(ji)論(lun)文共(gong)189．67萬篇(pian)(pian)，其中(zhong)收錄中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科技(ji)(ji)論(lun)文32．42萬篇(pian)(pian)，僅(jin)次(ci)(ci)(ci)于(yu)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，居世(shi)界(jie)第(di)二；2007—2017年(nian)(nian)（截至2017年(nian)(nian)10月），中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)論(lun)文總(zong)被引(yin)頻次(ci)(ci)(ci)為1935．00萬次(ci)(ci)(ci)，平(ping)(ping)均每篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)文被引(yin)用(yong)9．40次(ci)(ci)(ci)。科技(ji)(ji)論(lun)文數(shu)(shu)(shu)量和(he)被引(yin)頻次(ci)(ci)(ci)急劇(ju)增長(chang)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已(yi)成為科技(ji)(ji)大國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。然而，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)中(zhong)具有國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)名期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量較(jiao)少，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)集群出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)和(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術傳播力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)相比(bi)也存(cun)(cun)在(zai)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)差距，這與(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)目前的(de)(de)(de)科研實(shi)力(li)(li)(li)無法匹配。因此，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立功能(neng)(neng)集成化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，更(geng)加符合數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)代用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)需求的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統，不(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)提(ti)升中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)，也是(shi)推動(dong)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展戰(zhan)略(lve)方向。厲(li)衍飛［4］等通(tong)過波特五(wu)力(li)(li)(li)方法對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略(lve)進行(xing)了(le)分析，在(zai)此基礎上，提(ti)出(chu)了(le)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)三種模式(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)及相關建(jian)(jian)(jian)議：強(qiang)調(diao)個性(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)服(fu)務，增強(qiang)知(zhi)識搜索功能(neng)(neng)，加強(qiang)與(yu)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)外(wai)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)鏈接和(he)合作等。陳(chen)輝［5］分析了(le)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)網(wang)(wang)站建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)情(qing)況，提(ti)出(chu)了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)門戶(hu)(hu)網(wang)(wang)站建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方案和(he)未(wei)來網(wang)(wang)絡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展模式(shi)(shi)。很多學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者對(dui)(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展做了(le)分析總(zong)結(jie)。通(tong)過調(diao)研結(jie)合具體案例分析，提(ti)取出(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)特征作為參比(bi)，探討了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展現狀，以(yi)(yi)及未(wei)來的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展方向，為我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)版(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)提(ti)供參考(kao)。

一、國外學術期(qi)刊數字(zi)化出(chu)版平臺(tai)特征分析

（一(yi)）國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)現(xian)狀。歐美等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)19世紀(ji)初就已(yi)(yi)意識(shi)到(dao)了(le)集合學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)內容(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)景及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)對(dui)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)(he)經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要意義。至今，國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)已(yi)(yi)形成(cheng)多(duo)個(ge)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)成(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)最具代表(biao)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)包括：（1）Elsevier提(ti)供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)ScienceDirect。1997年Elsevier創建的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Sci－enceDirect出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)正式(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)線(xian)(xian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)整合了(le)Elsevier的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)、圖(tu)書(shu)、工(gong)具書(shu)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)他信息(xi)(xi)資源(yuan)。（2）Springer推出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SpringerLink學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。1996年Springer的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電子(zi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)Spring－erLink上(shang)(shang)線(xian)(xian)。2015年5月(yue)Springer與(yu)Nature合并(bing)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步鞏固了(le)其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)際學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位。（3）JohnWiley＆Sons的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)WileyOnlineLibrary。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)涵(han)蓋(gai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)廣(guang)，擁(yong)有(you)(you)影響因(yin)(yin)子(zi)高(gao)達187．04的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)CACancerJClin，令(ling)WileyOnlineLibrary平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位難以(yi)(yi)(yi)撼動(dong)。（4）Taylor＆Francis的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最新出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)Tay－lor＆FrancisOnline。（5）國(guo)(guo)際知(zhi)(zhi)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)技社(she)(she)團如(ru)(ru)美國(guo)(guo)電氣電子(zi)工(gong)程師(shi)聯(lian)合會(hui)（IEEE）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)IEEEXplore數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)；美國(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)（ACS）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)ACSPublica－tions；英國(guo)(guo)皇家化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)（RSC）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)RSCPublishing等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。（二(er)）國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要特(te)征。1．一(yi)站式(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)實(shi)現(xian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)從(cong)投(tou)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)、審(shen)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)、編(bian)輯、加(jia)工(gong)、上(shang)(shang)線(xian)(xian)發(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)程全部網絡(luo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)操(cao)作(zuo)，提(ti)高(gao)了(le)審(shen)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)，打破(po)了(le)地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)限制，擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)了(le)審(shen)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)專家和(he)(he)(he)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)資源(yuan)庫，同(tong)(tong)時顯著提(ti)升了(le)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)體驗(yan)。例如(ru)(ru)，作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)ScienceDirect平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)注(zhu)冊(ce)了(le)賬戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)EES采(cai)編(bian)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)主頁上(shang)(shang)直(zhi)接(jie)投(tou)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)，用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)只需注(zhu)冊(ce)一(yi)次，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)多(duo)個(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)、查詢、訂(ding)閱(yue)、瀏(liu)覽、檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，方便快(kuai)捷。ScienceDirect平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)還(huan)(huan)(huan)提(ti)供了(le)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)html版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)本，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)不同(tong)(tong)終(zhong)端(duan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方便靈活流(liu)(liu)(liu)暢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)讀(du)（自(zi)適應模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)）全文(wen)(wen)(wen)，不論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)PC端(duan)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是手機(ji)端(duan)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)和(he)(he)(he)圖(tu)表(biao)都(dou)(dou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)單獨下載(zai)。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)還(huan)(huan)(huan)提(ti)供了(le)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)和(he)(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)資訊，如(ru)(ru)Science平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)LatestNews和(he)(he)(he)CareerNews，將(jiang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)打造為(wei)(wei)多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，使(shi)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)及(ji)(ji)時了(le)解各(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)前(qian)(qian)沿和(he)(he)(he)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)熱點。2．強大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)和(he)(he)(he)鏈(lian)接(jie)功能。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)儲(chu)存了(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)百萬篇文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)，必須具備(bei)專業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)功能才能方便快(kuai)捷地(di)從(cong)海量(liang)(liang)(liang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)查找出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)所(suo)需文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)；用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)時還(huan)(huan)(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)接(jie)查看鏈(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)或(huo)(huo)信息(xi)(xi)，通過(guo)這種(zhong)(zhong)關聯(lian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)追溯某個(ge)課題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)歷(li)程，方便科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)員全面了(le)解某一(yi)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。3．優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是指(zhi)將(jiang)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)錄(lu)用并(bing)定稿(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)印(yin)刷見刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)前(qian)(qian)優(you)(you)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。Springer于(yu)1998年正式(shi)(shi)推出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)OnlineFirstTM在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，目(mu)前(qian)(qian)國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)各(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)商已(yi)(yi)擁(yong)有(you)(you)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)成(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)先(xian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，如(ru)(ru)Science的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Express，Nature的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)AdvanceOnlinePublication，Elsevier的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)InPress和(he)(he)(he)Springer的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)OnlineFirst等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)［6］。優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)通過(guo)分配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)doi號(hao)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)標識(shi)符，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)正常引(yin)(yin)用。并(bing)且(qie)通過(guo)可(ke)(ke)解析的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)doi可(ke)(ke)累(lei)積(ji)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)讀(du)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、下載(zai)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)引(yin)(yin)用量(liang)(liang)(liang)。國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗(yan)也證實(shi)了(le)優(you)(you)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)縮短文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)發(fa)表(biao)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、加(jia)快(kuai)科(ke)(ke)技成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳播(bo)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)、增加(jia)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Web下載(zai)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、提(ti)高(gao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)影響因(yin)(yin)子(zi)，提(ti)升期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響力(li)方面具有(you)(you)明顯優(you)(you)勢。4．開放(fang)(fang)(fang)獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)。科(ke)(ke)技論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開放(fang)(fang)(fang)獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)（OpenAccess，OA）出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)消除了(le)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)信息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)障礙，有(you)(you)助于(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)(su)傳播(bo)，提(ti)升其(qi)(qi)影響力(li)和(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)，OA出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)已(yi)(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主流(liu)(liu)(liu)趨勢。自(zi)2002年，國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)先(xian)后出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)了(le)如(ru)(ru)DOAJ，PubMedCentral，PLoS，Hindawi等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)知(zhi)(zhi)名OA平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，目(mu)前(qian)(qian)Elsevier（Elsevier有(you)(you)完全OA期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)600多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)），Springer（SpringerOpen平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)中(zhong)完全OA期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)有(you)(you)約200種(zhong)(zhong)），Taylor＆Francis，Wiley，Science，OXFORD等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)際知(zhi)(zhi)名學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)商也積(ji)極推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)OA出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。近年來巨型期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)（Megajournal）這種(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型、涵(han)蓋(gai)范圍廣(guang)、采(cai)用僅“科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)合理性”同(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)審(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開放(fang)(fang)(fang)獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)［7］的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涌現(xian)和(he)(he)(he)快(kuai)速(su)(su)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，已(yi)(yi)迅速(su)(su)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，并(bing)可(ke)(ke)能從(cong)根(gen)本上(shang)(shang)改變學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳播(bo)方式(shi)(shi)。但對(dui)于(yu)Mega期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)尚存爭議(yi)，Mega期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)巨大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)被稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“輕質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)審(shen)”［8］的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，使(shi)得有(you)(you)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)它們是“低(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傾倒地(di)”或(huo)(huo)“內容(rong)(rong)低(di)劣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垃圾場”［9］。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)OA出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)雖然為(wei)(wei)信息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)傳播(bo)提(ti)供了(le)極大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便利，但同(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)議(yi)是其(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)要環(huan)節，OA出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)必須以(yi)(yi)(yi)保證論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)前(qian)(qian)提(ti)。5．個(ge)性化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)服務(wu)。用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)可(ke)(ke)自(zi)主定制信息(xi)(xi)，建立(li)個(ge)人(ren)圖(tu)書(shu)館，獲(huo)取(qu)(qu)所(suo)需信息(xi)(xi)推送，以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)一(yi)些特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推薦(jian)功能。如(ru)(ru)Springer的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)TheTransferDesk平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，可(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)投(tou)稿(gao)(gao)(gao)內容(rong)(rong)自(zi)動(dong)為(wei)(wei)作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)推薦(jian)匹配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)與(yu)社(she)(she)交(jiao)(jiao)媒體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)程度(du)(du)較(jiao)高(gao)，幾乎所(suo)有(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)都(dou)(dou)支持大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型社(she)(she)交(jiao)(jiao)媒體如(ru)(ru)Facebook、Twit－ter、Linkedin等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分享(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)傳播(bo)，對(dui)于(yu)提(ti)高(gao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)讀(du)和(he)(he)(he)引(yin)(yin)用、期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯示度(du)(du)、期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)影響力(li)有(you)(you)著很大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)作(zuo)用。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)使(shi)得學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)開放(fang)(fang)(fang)性有(you)(you)了(le)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)突破(po)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)人(ren)員可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)所(suo)關注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)果(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)或(huo)(huo)與(yu)同(tong)(tong)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)探討(tao)，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)本學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。如(ru)(ru)RSCPublishing于(yu)2013年上(shang)(shang)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)博客模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)（RSCPublishingBlog），用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)就關注(zhu)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)表(biao)博客文(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)，與(yu)世界各(ge)地(di)同(tong)(tong)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)互動(dong)。

二、國(guo)內學(xue)術期(qi)刊數字化平臺發展現狀

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)建(jian)設起(qi)步(bu)較晚，但(dan)(dan)近年來(lai)(lai)(lai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)十(shi)分(fen)迅速(su)。尤其(qi)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)知網(wang)(wang)(wang)、萬方數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)知識服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)和(he)維(wei)普(pu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)三大(da)(da)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)科技論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首發(fa)(fa)(fa)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、超星域出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)群(qun)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)光學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)地學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)門戶(hu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、資源環境學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)產期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)等(deng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)［10］的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立和(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，極(ji)大(da)(da)地推動了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)進程。目前(qian)(qian)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現狀如(ru)(ru)(ru)下。（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)）國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速(su)度快(kuai)、規(gui)模(mo)(mo)大(da)(da)。目前(qian)(qian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)知網(wang)(wang)(wang)收錄國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)約(yue)8000種，全文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)總量(liang)5100萬篇。萬方數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)知識服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)包括中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)和(he)外文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)共8000余種，核心(xin)(xin)(xin)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)約(yue)3200種，還(huan)(huan)(huan)收錄了(le)1995年以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)世界各國(guo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20900種重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。維(wei)普(pu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)共收錄期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)14373種，核心(xin)(xin)(xin)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)1700多(duo)種，全文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)總量(liang)6375萬余篇。國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)已由傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)向(xiang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、集(ji)(ji)成化(hua)(hua)(hua)、多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、個性化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)轉型(xing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。（二）專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)成為特色。專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站將一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)領域內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)組織在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)，集(ji)(ji)組稿(gao)(gao)、收稿(gao)(gao)、審稿(gao)(gao)、編輯加(jia)工(gong)、等(deng)功能于一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)，內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)更(geng)(geng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)，界面更(geng)(geng)友好，信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)更(geng)(geng)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)［11－12］。如(ru)(ru)(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站是(shi)目前(qian)(qian)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)最大(da)(da)且(qie)最具影響力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站，實行統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辦刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)編排標(biao)準，逐步(bu)形(xing)成了(le)集(ji)(ji)團化(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)(you)勢(shi)和(he)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)效應。又如(ru)(ru)(ru)資源環境學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)圖表檢(jian)索(suo)功能，可(ke)(ke)(ke)使用(yong)戶(hu)快(kuai)速(su)獲取所需(xu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)。但(dan)(dan)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)還(huan)(huan)(huan)存在(zai)諸多(duo)問題，平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)普(pu)遍(bian)較小，匯集(ji)(ji)資源不(bu)夠(gou)；平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功能不(bu)完善，例如(ru)(ru)(ru)，除了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)地學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)實現一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次注冊、多(duo)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)投稿(gao)(gao)，其(qi)余十(shi)幾個專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)只(zhi)能在(zai)各刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)獨立投稿(gao)(gao)。（三）數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)海量(liang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整合。維(wei)普(pu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)但(dan)(dan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)檢(jian)索(suo)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)引證(zheng)追(zhui)蹤(zong)、科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)指(zhi)標(biao)分(fen)析、搜索(suo)引擎服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)，還(huan)(huan)(huan)建(jian)立了(le)智(zhi)庫，用(yong)戶(hu)檢(jian)索(suo)關(guan)鍵詞時，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)獲得相(xiang)關(guan)領域代表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)機構(gou)和(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)知網(wang)(wang)(wang)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“知網(wang)(wang)(wang)節”服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)使用(yong)戶(hu)查閱檢(jian)索(suo)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)時獲得更(geng)(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴展(zhan)(zhan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)引文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、關(guan)聯作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者、相(xiang)似文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)、基金文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)相(xiang)關(guan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)。國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)整合與鏈接方面進展(zhan)(zhan)迅速(su)。（四）優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)整體(ti)滯(zhi)(zhi)后，出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)較長。國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)目前(qian)(qian)仍(reng)處(chu)于起(qi)步(bu)階段，主要(yao)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)知網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，萬方網(wang)(wang)(wang)為國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)自(zi)建(jian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)塊，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)教育部(bu)科技發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)科技論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。總體(ti)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說，國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)比(bi)例較低。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)知網(wang)(wang)(wang)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選擇優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)有(you)(you)單篇出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)建(jian)筑材料學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報；整期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)復(fu)旦(dan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報（自(zi)然(ran)(ran)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）。而復(fu)旦(dan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報（自(zi)然(ran)(ran)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)時滯(zhi)(zhi)為7～10個月。建(jian)筑材料學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頻(pin)率較高(gao)，單篇優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)比(bi)印刷(shua)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)了(le)近7個月，但(dan)(dan)其(qi)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)時滯(zhi)(zhi)仍(reng)在(zai)8個月左右。國(guo)際上許多(duo)著名期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)時滯(zhi)(zhi)已幾乎(hu)消滅，如(ru)(ru)(ru)ScienceAd－vance，Energy＆EnvironmentalScience等(deng)頂級期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)都是(shi)錄用(yong)當天即上線(xian)(xian)。可(ke)(ke)(ke)見，國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)現狀距(ju)離主流優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差距(ju)。（五）交互性不(bu)夠(gou)，出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)單一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理念已不(bu)再局限于論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，越來(lai)(lai)(lai)越傾向(xiang)于為用(yong)戶(hu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)更(geng)(geng)多(duo)、更(geng)(geng)便捷(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)。例如(ru)(ru)(ru)，開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)針對(dui)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)、咨詢(xun)、研究(jiu)熱(re)點(dian)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)等(deng)推送(song)；針對(dui)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投稿(gao)(gao)導(dao)航（如(ru)(ru)(ru)Springer提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響因子、退稿(gao)(gao)率、審稿(gao)(gao)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者參考）；建(jian)立大(da)(da)型(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)交流“社區平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”。此(ci)外，平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)主要(yao)是(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)＋圖表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，沒有(you)(you)將“互聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)＋”多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)勢(shi)融入數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)傳(chuan)播力(li)(li)和(he)影響力(li)(li)。

三、中(zhong)國學(xue)術期刊數字化出版平(ping)臺發(fa)展方向

新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)學技(ji)(ji)術(shu)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展，建(jian)(jian)設創新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家進(jin)入了(le)(le)攻堅(jian)沖(chong)刺階段(duan)。作為(wei)(wei)研究成果(guo)和(he)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要傳播途徑(jing)，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展進(jin)入了(le)(le)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段(duan)[1-3]。隨著“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)卓越行(xing)動計劃”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實施，科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)迎來了(le)(le)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰和(he)機遇。如何應對我國(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)版行(xing)業(ye)與國(guo)(guo)(guo)際接軌所(suo)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰、實現加快建(jian)(jian)設世界一流科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標成為(wei)(wei)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)版工作者關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點[4-6]。本文從8種(zhong)典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)源類刊(kan)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)版周期(qi)(qi)(qi)、編(bian)委學科(ke)(ke)及地域分布(bu)、引(yin)用情況分析國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外同類刊(kan)物(wu)特點，以期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)源類科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設和(he)改革提供(gong)數據支(zhi)持和(he)發(fa)(fa)展參考(kao)。

1能源類SCI刊物的概況

2019年，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI收(shou)(shou)錄刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)共112種，影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)排(pai)名最高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為《NatureEnergy》（46.495），而總引用次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)排(pai)名位(wei)列(lie)前三的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依次(ci)是(shi)《JournalofMaterialsChemistryA》《BioresourceTechnology》《JournalofPowerSource》,被引次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)別為12萬(wan)(wan)次(ci)、11.8萬(wan)(wan)次(ci)、11.6萬(wan)(wan)次(ci)。2019年，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q2區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q3區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q4區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)分(fen)(fen)別為9.959、3.652、2.251、0.928。以(yi)(yi)下分(fen)(fen)別從主(zhu)辦(ban)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商(shang)(shang)、刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)等方(fang)面分(fen)(fen)析能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)情況(kuang)。1.1國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)分(fen)(fen)布。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI科技期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)不同(tong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，但是(shi)絕大(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、德(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、荷蘭等科研水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其(qi)中(zhong)，英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)排(pai)名第一(yi)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)全部(bu)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)33.98%；美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)緊隨其(qi)后(hou)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)26.21%；中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有6種刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)入選SCI，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5.83%。在(zai)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)面，英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、荷蘭所(suo)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q2區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為主(zhu)，整體(ti)(ti)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)；美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、德(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)布得較(jiao)(jiao)為均(jun)(jun)(jun)衡；中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)日(ri)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在(zai)Q3區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q4區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)相對較(jiao)(jiao)低，簡單(dan)來(lai)(lai)說，這(zhe)是(shi)文(wen)章外(wai)(wai)流(liu)、語言因(yin)(yin)素共同(tong)作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果。1.2出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商(shang)(shang)情況(kuang)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)，由國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際三大(da)(da)(da)(da)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商(shang)(shang)（愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)、施(shi)普林格(ge)•自(zi)然、威利）運營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全部(bu)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)55.34%。其(qi)中(zhong)，愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)運營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)最多(duo)(duo)(duo)，共出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)了37種能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，33種位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)Q1、Q2區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，整體(ti)(ti)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。此外(wai)(wai)，各大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)會(hui)(hui)創辦(ban)并運營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)也較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)14.1%，主(zhu)要有英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皇家(jia)化學(xue)學(xue)會(hui)(hui)（RSC）、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化學(xue)學(xue)會(hui)(hui)（ACS）、電(dian)氣和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)工(gong)程(cheng)師協會(hui)(hui)(IEEE)、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)機械工(gong)程(cheng)師協會(hui)(hui)（ASME）以(yi)(yi)及(ji)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)會(hui)(hui)（AIP）。這(zhe)些學(xue)會(hui)(hui)創辦(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)也相對較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)集中(zhong)在(zai)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q2區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。1.3刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)期(qi)(qi)情況(kuang)。刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)期(qi)(qi)既能(neng)(neng)(neng)反(fan)映刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，也能(neng)(neng)(neng)體(ti)(ti)現刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)。位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)采(cai)用月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)或半(ban)月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)；刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)期(qi)(qi)為季(ji)(ji)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)或雙月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)Q3、Q4區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)程(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)，這(zhe)體(ti)(ti)現了刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)——季(ji)(ji)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)、雙月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)SCI收(shou)(shou)錄初期(qi)(qi)，發文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)小，便于(yu)(yu)(yu)沖擊高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)；月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)、半(ban)月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)長期(qi)(qi)被SCI收(shou)(shou)錄，具備一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知名度(du)(du)，稿(gao)(gao)源(yuan)穩定(ding)(ding)且質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，已進(jin)入了良性發展(zhan)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)。此外(wai)(wai)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)期(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布還(huan)反(fan)映了期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)程(cheng)。通常來(lai)(lai)說，創刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)初期(qi)(qi)為保證(zheng)稿(gao)(gao)件(jian)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)采(cai)用少量(liang)(liang)(liang)發文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)Q3區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、Q4區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；隨著曝光(guang)度(du)(du)及(ji)知名度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升，期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)稿(gao)(gao)源(yuan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)與質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)逐(zhu)步提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)提升后(hou)逐(zhu)步擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)發文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，最終穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)一(yi)個影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)發文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)均(jun)(jun)(jun)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理想狀態。整體(ti)(ti)上(shang)，位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)影(ying)響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)達9以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，Q2、Q3、Q4區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)別在(zai)3.6、2.2、1左右。同(tong)時(shi)，三種引用量(liang)(liang)(liang)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)均(jun)(jun)(jun)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)Q1區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，這(zhe)反(fan)映出(chu)(chu)(chu)本領域排(pai)名前列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吸引了多(duo)(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)讀者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關注(zhu)和(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)引用。在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)分(fen)(fen)布方(fang)面，英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、荷蘭占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)據較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)優勢(shi)，這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據符合科研水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)情況(kuang)。值得注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，荷蘭是(shi)最大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商(shang)(shang)愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)在(zai)地，因(yin)(yin)此其(qi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)超過了德(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)13.6%。在(zai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商(shang)(shang)方(fang)面，愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)、威利和(he)(he)(he)施(shi)普林格(ge)•自(zi)然在(zai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)方(fang)面占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)據優勢(shi)，位(wei)列(lie)前三。在(zai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)方(fang)面，季(ji)(ji)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)最多(duo)(duo)(duo)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比略高(gao)(gao)(gao)，雙月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)、月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)緊隨其(qi)后(hou)，半(ban)月(yue)(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)少，同(tong)時(shi)也有一(yi)些刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)采(cai)用單(dan)篇出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，每年出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)1期(qi)(qi)。

28種典型能源類SCI刊物的具體分析(xi)

21世(shi)紀以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)社會(hui)關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點(dian)(dian)，大(da)量(liang)(liang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人員(yuan)投(tou)入研(yan)究，優(you)秀(xiu)論(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不斷(duan)涌現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)交叉學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)涵蓋(gai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎研(yan)究方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，包括化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)、材料、生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、機(ji)械等(deng)(deng)。相(xiang)(xiang)應地，各(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)各(ge)具(ju)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)色(se)，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地域(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)各(ge)不相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)。為(wei)深(shen)入分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析具(ju)體(ti)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)選(xuan)取(qu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)代表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)幾點(dian)(dian)考(kao)慮：第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)涵蓋(gai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校、知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)商以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)，覆蓋(gai)三(san)(san)(san)大(da)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)商、ACS及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)AIP兩(liang)(liang)所刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)聲譽較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二，8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)由(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)、德(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地域(yu)性；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)，8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)側重，既有(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)注于(yu)(yu)(yu)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)（氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)側重傳統能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（石(shi)(shi)油勘探、煉制）以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)設備（核電(dian)設施）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。以(yi)(yi)下(xia)從辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)團(tuan)隊、作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)具(ju)體(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，為(wei)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設努(nu)力(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。2.1辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)選(xuan)取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，每區各(ge)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，具(ju)體(ti)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)見表1。8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)創(chuang)(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)從1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均有(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)色(se)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)側重。影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《NatureEnergy》創(chuang)(chuang)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)于(yu)(yu)(yu)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，為(wei)《Nature》系列刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，延(yan)續(xu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《Nature》專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)職編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯負(fu)責(ze)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風格，欄目(mu)(mu)設置寬泛(fan)(fan)，包含(han)研(yan)究論(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析、綜(zong)述、觀點(dian)(dian)、新(xin)聞動態、通訊文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、續(xu)議、評(ping)(ping)論(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、書評(ping)(ping)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。排(pai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)由(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院大(da)連化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)研(yan)究所主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)并(bing)由(you)(you)愛思(si)唯爾出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《JournalofEnergyChemistry》,影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子達(da)(da)7.216。該(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)擁有(you)(you)(you)龐大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)顧問(wen)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯團(tuan)隊，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)由(you)(you)優(you)秀(xiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，按學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)劃(hua)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)工(gong)明(ming)確，參與度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。據(ju)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解，《IEEETransactionsonEnergyConversion》由(you)(you)電(dian)氣與電(dian)子工(gong)程(cheng)師學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)IEEE會(hui)員(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)設置欄目(mu)(mu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)也(ye)由(you)(you)IEEE會(hui)員(yuan)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，人數(shu)較(jiao)(jiao)多，整體(ti)協同(tong)(tong)度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。《InternationalJournalofEnergyResearch》創(chuang)(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)，其(qi)(qi)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)持續(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長，該(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)設有(you)(you)(you)6位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)負(fu)責(ze)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，以(yi)(yi)加(jia)強針對(dui)(dui)不同(tong)(tong)稿(gao)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)評(ping)(ping)審。《EnergyandFuels》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(ACS)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)11位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)排(pai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)首位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)（1256篇(pian)(pian)）。《PetroleumScience》由(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)油大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)SCI收錄，刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)常(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)穩定(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)70篇(pian)(pian)左右，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)有(you)(you)(you)所增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。該(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人數(shu)眾多，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要由(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)油大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教授(shou)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)22位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。《JournalofRenewableandSustainableEnergy》編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)設1位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，2位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，14位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)(fu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)由(you)(you)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)管、執行(xing)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯和(he)(he)(he)(he)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯助理(li)3人組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)團(tuan)隊。該(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)SCI檢索，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)維(wei)持在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)200~300篇(pian)(pian)，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)0.9~1.6浮動。《JournaloftheJapanPetroleumInstitute》由(you)(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)石(shi)(shi)油學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)由(you)(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)大(da)多局(ju)限在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)180~300篇(pian)(pian)，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子隨刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)而有(you)(you)(you)所降(jiang)低(di)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起降(jiang)低(di)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)，影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子回升(sheng)(sheng)至1.575。綜(zong)合8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)典型(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可知(zhi)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)多采用(yong)(yong)“科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)、副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)帶領編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)團(tuan)隊負(fu)責(ze)稿(gao)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)質量(liang)(liang)，組(zu)織(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題。根據(ju)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)數(shu)據(ju)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)集團(tuan)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)突出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，他們(men)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)經驗，其(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)身知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)度(du)也(ye)便于(yu)(yu)(yu)吸引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)頂尖(jian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)工(gong)作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)加(jia)入；由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)支機(ji)構(gou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)集團(tuan)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)外，《PetroleumScience》《JournaloftheJapanPetroleumInstitute》存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題——編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)窄(zhai)，集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，這(zhe)通常(chang)會(hui)導致(zhi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)偏低(di)。2.2編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)團(tuan)隊及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)節分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，統計編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，從編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)稿(gao)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)清(qing)晰呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否均勻，筆(bi)(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)入了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)占全(quan)體(ti)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概率(lv)（𝑃=編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)總數(shu)−本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)數(shu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)總數(shu)），此(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)值越(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)代表此(ci)(ci)(ci)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)越(yue)多，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)越(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，計算結(jie)(jie)果如(ru)表2所示(shi)。由(you)(you)表2可見，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)率(lv)多集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)35%~60%，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)占比不宜過(guo)(guo)低(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)普(pu)(pu)遍遵守(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，個(ge)別(bie)(bie)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)(da)到90%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)例(li)如(ru)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《JournaloftheJapanPetroleumInstitute》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)部來(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《JournalofEnergyChemistry》《PetroleumScience》都(dou)擁有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)當龐大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)，并(bing)且編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，相(xiang)(xiang)較(jiao)(jiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)比于(yu)(yu)(yu)歐美刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，這(zhe)也(ye)側面(mian)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)普(pu)(pu)遍存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題——編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)團(tuan)隊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)空間(jian)(jian)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)外，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)稿(gao)件(jian)(jian)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，《JournalofEnergyChemistry》《PetroleumScience》遜于(yu)(yu)(yu)歐美，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)稿(gao)件(jian)(jian)占比均超(chao)過(guo)(guo)50%。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，《JournalofEnergyChemistry》2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)占比85.51%，僅(jin)次于(yu)(yu)(yu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)87.18%。綜(zong)上(shang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)稿(gao)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)均相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，仍(reng)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)空間(jian)(jian)；另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)已廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)占據(ju)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)量(liang)(liang)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置，這(zhe)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)軟實(shi)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)長，也(ye)側面(mian)證明(ming)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)滯后(hou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)進(jin)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事實(shi)。2.3高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析。由(you)(you)表2可以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，最近(jin)(jin)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)數(shu)排(pai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《NatureEnergy》，共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)182篇(pian)(pian)。《EnergyandFuels》排(pai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二，近(jin)(jin)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)僅(jin)14篇(pian)(pian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)入選(xuan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《JournalofEnergyChemistry》以(yi)(yi)11篇(pian)(pian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)列第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)。表3總結(jie)(jie)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)近(jin)(jin)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)占比最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)均為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，也(ye)反映(ying)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨(ju)大(da)投(tou)入和(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)潛力(li)(li)。《JournalofEnergyChemistry》施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)來(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)達(da)(da)87.72%，側面(mian)反映(ying)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)有(you)(you)(you)待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《PetroleumScience》施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)來(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)為(wei)65.15%，也(ye)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)水平。筆(bi)(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)為(wei)，施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)對(dui)(dui)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良性發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)非常(chang)重要，可以(yi)(yi)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)閱讀(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)使用(yong)(yong)此(ci)(ci)(ci)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受眾群體(ti)范(fan)圍(wei)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)多來(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，這(zhe)反映(ying)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)目(mu)(mu)前(qian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)認(ren)可度(du)不高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水平和(he)(he)(he)(he)擴大(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)宣(xuan)傳是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努(nu)力(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。整體(ti)看(kan)來(lai)(lai)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)被(bei)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)數(shu)與刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)區及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)子呈正相(xiang)(xiang)關關系，與刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)創(chuang)(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)無關。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，《NatureEnergy》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)質量(liang)(liang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)色(se)，體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)領地位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)強大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宣(xuan)傳能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)標準定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，筆(bi)(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)為(wei)，吸引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)研(yan)究領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂尖(jian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)團(tuan)隊在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、全(quan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)打造旗艦平臺是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。以(yi)(yi)上(shang)從刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)運營模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)稿(gao)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)等(deng)(deng)3方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)典型(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)SCI刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，得出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)幾點(dian)(dian)結(jie)(jie)論(lun)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，《NatureEnergy》區別(bie)(bie)于(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)他7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，采用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)職編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯負(fu)責(ze)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)運營模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)《Nature》系列刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，對(dui)(dui)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)把控度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求極高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，其(qi)(qi)他刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)難以(yi)(yi)效仿。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二，編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)稿(gao)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)決定(ding)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)整體(ti)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵因(yin)(yin)(yin)素。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，三(san)(san)(san)大(da)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)商占據(ju)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)優(you)勢(shi)，它們(men)憑(ping)借(jie)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)支機(ji)構(gou)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)覆蓋(gai)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推廣(guang)(guang)渠道(dao)整合了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)球的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)領先于(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校和(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評(ping)(ping)價刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵指標，體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)水平及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)受眾范(fan)圍(wei)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)SCI能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)施引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)占比最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，這(zhe)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領域(yu)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)活(huo)力(li)(li)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，《JournalofEnergyChemistry》《PetroleumScience》在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)稿(gao)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)略有(you)(you)(you)不足，來(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稿(gao)件(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)均超(chao)過(guo)(guo)50%，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)仍(reng)有(you)(you)(you)努(nu)力(li)(li)空間(jian)(jian)，可以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)(guo)擴大(da)宣(xuan)傳、定(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)約稿(gao)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平。

3對(dui)我國能源類期(qi)刊的啟示

從第(di)一本學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊誕生至(zhi)今，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊已(yi)有(you)350多年的(de)歷史，不同階段(duan)不同的(de)傳(chuan)播媒介和傳(chuan)播方式影響著學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊的(de)發展。到21世(shi)紀，人類步入信息化時代(dai)后，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊的(de)呈(cheng)現形式、功能等都在發生深刻變化。分析國(guo)際學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊的(de)發展趨勢，對(dui)我(wo)國(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)刊界而言緊(jin)迫而必要。

一(yi)、國際學術(shu)期刊(kan)數字化發展的趨勢

（一(yi)）數字化已(yi)普及(ji)，開放存取的純數字期刊飛速發展

一(yi)些發(fa)達(da)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)字化(hua)探索(suo)較早，早在(zai)(zai)2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，數(shu)字期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)已經成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、傳(chuan)(chuan)播的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)形態。傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)質學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)逐步地推出(chu)(chu)數(shu)字出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，紙(zhi)(zhi)質印刷按(an)需提供。絕大(da)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)重要(yao)學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)實現了(le)(le)數(shu)字化(hua)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。一(yi)些大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)集(ji)(ji)團完(wan)成了(le)(le)數(shu)字化(hua)轉型。如，勵德(de)愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)集(ji)(ji)團（ReedElsevierGroup），2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)名為(wei)勵訊(xun)集(ji)(ji)團（RELXGroup），公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)財(cai)務(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)報(bao)數(shu)據(ju)中，數(shu)字化(hua)業務(wu)超過(guo)70%，紙(zhi)(zhi)質業務(wu)僅(jin)(jin)15%。從發(fa)展趨勢上(shang)看，其數(shu)字化(hua)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)入由2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)22%上(shang)升到2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)70%。而紙(zhi)(zhi)質產品收(shou)入逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)萎縮。學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)不(bu)再提供紙(zhi)(zhi)質版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展定(ding)位不(bu)再是(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)商，轉而成為(wei)新型信(xin)息(xi)解決(jue)方案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提供商，通過(guo)知識和(he)信(xin)息(xi)服務(wu)，旨在(zai)(zai)為(wei)用戶做出(chu)(chu)更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)策服務(wu)。［1］同時，開(kai)放(fang)存取(qu)（OA）數(shu)字學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)展飛速(su)。OA這個(ge)概念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提出(chu)(chu)始于2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)布達(da)佩(pei)斯開(kai)放(fang)存取(qu)倡議（BOAI），提倡讀者(zhe)免(mian)費獲(huo)取(qu)、無障(zhang)礙傳(chuan)(chuan)播。十多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，OA飛速(su)發(fa)展。辛(xin)(xin)巴出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)情(qing)報(bao)信(xin)息(xi)公(gong)司（PublishingIntelligenceFirmSimbaInformation）2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《開(kai)放(fang)存取(qu)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)發(fa)展報(bao)告（2016—2020）》（OpenAccessJournalPublishing2016—2020）中指出(chu)(chu)，全球OA學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)雙倍(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)增(zeng)長(chang)，目(mu)前(qian)，全球公(gong)開(kai)發(fa)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)術(shu)(shu)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)，有(you)(you)(you)1/3是(shi)以(yi)OA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)發(fa)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。雖然(ran)目(mu)前(qian)OA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銷售金額僅(jin)(jin)占國(guo)(guo)際(ji)科學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)醫(yi)學(xue)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社集(ji)(ji)團期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)銷售金額的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3.2%，但(dan)在(zai)(zai)平穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)銷售額中是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)亮點。［2］目(mu)前(qian)，OA數(shu)字學(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)資(zi)源中，最有(you)(you)(you)影響(xiang)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)DOAJ（DirectoryofOpenAccessJournal），由瑞典的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隆德(de)大(da)學(xue)圖(tu)書館（LundUniversityLibraries）在(zai)(zai)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月設立。最初，DOAJ僅(jin)(jin)收(shou)錄期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)350種(zhong)，截至(zhi)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月，DOAJ已收(shou)錄了(le)(le)9172種(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，其中，能獲(huo)取(qu)全文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)有(you)(you)(you)6419種(zhong)，遍(bian)及(ji)128個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家和(he)地區，文(wen)(wen)獻2328783篇［3］。辛(xin)(xin)巴公(gong)司預(yu)計這個(ge)數(shu)字還將繼(ji)續(xu)增(zeng)長(chang)，并(bing)將在(zai)(zai)2020前(qian)達(da)到300萬(wan)篇。OA發(fa)展飛速(su)，但(dan)也充滿(man)了(le)(le)爭議。主要(yao)爭議集(ji)(ji)中在(zai)(zai)：怎樣開(kai)放(fang)才是(shi)真(zhen)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)權(quan)開(kai)放(fang)，怎樣免(mian)費才是(shi)真(zhen)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)免(mian)費？文(wen)(wen)章發(fa)表(biao)得(de)越多，也就意味(wei)著能賺越多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錢(qian)。這不(bu)可(ke)避免(mian)地可(ke)能導致降(jiang)低文(wen)(wen)章的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錄用標準(zhun)。但(dan)即(ji)使爭議重重，并(bing)且(qie)有(you)(you)(you)預(yu)測認為(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審稿發(fa)表(biao)模式(shi)還將繼(ji)續(xu)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)集(ji)(ji)團仍(reng)然(ran)將OA作為(wei)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略發(fa)展方向。勵訊(xun)集(ji)(ji)團旗下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愛(ai)思(si)唯爾(er)（Elsevier）為(wei)了(le)(le)滿(man)足(zu)顧客和(he)研究者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來一(yi)直(zhi)投資(zi)于替代(dai)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商業模式(shi)，對超過(guo)1700種(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愛(ai)思(si)維(wei)爾(er)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)提供資(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)通過(guo)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)贊助(zhu)(zhu)費出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。除此(ci)之外(wai)，愛(ai)思(si)維(wei)爾(er)現在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)170種(zhong)完(wan)全獨(du)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由作者(zhe)付費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)放(fang)存取(qu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)。［4］

（二）數字化發(fa)展促進(jin)學術期刊功能轉型，平臺化發(fa)展成為(wei)趨勢

數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)改變了(le)(le)人們獲取學(xue)術資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)。讀(du)者(zhe)獲取學(xue)術資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)從傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)—論(lun)(lun)文”向“數(shu)(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)—論(lun)(lun)文”變化(hua)，學(xue)術成(cheng)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)呈(cheng)現越來越依賴于(yu)可檢索、可見，促使(shi)期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)加入到各種(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)型數(shu)(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)平臺(tai)。同(tong)時(shi)，為了(le)(le)使(shi)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)更(geng)(geng)為全面，使(shi)自身更(geng)(geng)具有競爭力，國(guo)際(ji)上(shang)大(da)(da)(da)型出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)集團(tuan)紛紛通(tong)過(guo)(guo)并(bing)購等(deng)方式(shi)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)自身數(shu)(shu)據(ju)資源(yuan)，將重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)術期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)盡量大(da)(da)(da)范圍地(di)搜(sou)羅(luo)在自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)中。如(ru)愛思唯爾收購帕加蒙出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)社(she)（PergamonPress）、北荷蘭出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)社(she)（North-HollandPublishingCo.）、美國(guo)學(xue)術出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)社(she)（AcademicPress），施普林格（Springer）收購博思軟件（BMC）等(deng)。在傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)管理(li)中，ISSN等(deng)國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)準編號及其條(tiao)(tiao)形碼(ma)，是期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)身份標(biao)識，使(shi)期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)得到有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)。學(xue)術期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)后(hou)，由于(yu)鏈接(jie)經常出(chu)(chu)現失效(xiao)，可能(neng)導(dao)致文獻(xian)無法(fa)查找。1994年，美國(guo)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)商協會（AssociationofAmericanPublishers，AAP）提出(chu)(chu)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)對(dui)象標(biao)識符(fu)DOI（DigitalObjectIdentifier）［5］，并(bing)建(jian)立國(guo)際(ji)DOI基金會（InternationalDOIFoundation）進行管理(li)。DOI對(dui)期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)、圖(tu)書、會議(yi)記錄等(deng)進行標(biao)識，相當于(yu)網上(shang)學(xue)術資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)形碼(ma)。同(tong)時(shi)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)DOI系(xi)(xi)統(tong)及其應用系(xi)(xi)統(tong)CrossRef，讀(du)者(zhe)在任何(he)一個文獻(xian)檢索平臺(tai)可以實現鏈接(jie)。數(shu)(shu)字(zi)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)物引入DOI有利于(yu)長久保存和(he)唯一識別。目前，CrossRef上(shang)有近7000萬條(tiao)(tiao)學(xue)術內容(rong)，是網上(shang)最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)放(fang)式(shi)參(can)考(kao)文獻(xian)鏈接(jie)服務系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。［6］

當(dang)前中國(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)發展仍然(ran)呈現(xian)出(chu)了(le)與之“相(xiang)(xiang)對隔絕”的(de)(de)“高姿態”，尤(you)其在(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)評價體(ti)制方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，所有(you)(you)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)成果都需要(yao)以(yi)量(liang)(liang)化的(de)(de)、標記為(wei)(wei)(wei)一定影響因子(zi)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)論文形式來(lai)展現(xian)。這一方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)與中國(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)國(guo)際影響力不足有(you)(you)關，另一方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)也同(tong)數(shu)字產(chan)品發行量(liang)(liang)較少密(mi)切相(xiang)(xiang)關。近年(nian)來(lai)，一些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)在(zai)微博、微信等(deng)(deng)多媒(mei)體(ti)平臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)發表(biao)(biao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)文章(zhang)，或有(you)(you)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)在(zai)官方(fang)(fang)(fang)平臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)發表(biao)(biao)熱門文章(zhang)，以(yi)供學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)信息傳(chuan)播(bo)、共享，相(xiang)(xiang)比于傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)紙質媒(mei)介時代信息傳(chuan)播(bo)而言呈現(xian)出(chu)了(le)巨大(da)的(de)(de)變革。盡管(guan)實現(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)數(shu)字化轉型(xing)是(shi)縮短(duan)出(chu)版進(jin)度(du)，提升(sheng)信息傳(chuan)播(bo)速度(du)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)途徑(jing)之一，但絕大(da)部分學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)將數(shu)字傳(chuan)播(bo)權交給目前幾(ji)家期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)據庫，如知網(wang)、萬(wan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)、維普、龍(long)源等(deng)(deng)，自己(ji)仍然(ran)按(an)照(zhao)傳(chuan)統(tong)出(chu)版的(de)(de)路子(zi)繼續發展。通過調研不難發現(xian)，當(dang)前限制我(wo)國(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)字化轉型(xing)的(de)(de)因素相(xiang)(xiang)對較多，最為(wei)(wei)(wei)主要(yao)的(de)(de)當(dang)屬用于支撐出(chu)版發行的(de)(de)數(shu)字化技術(shu)，其次是(shi)由(you)辦(ban)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)理念所決(jue)定的(de)(de)經營管(guan)理思維，最后在(zai)資金等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)也相(xiang)(xiang)對缺(que)乏，同(tong)時，還面(mian)臨著數(shu)字化期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)版權保護(hu)問題、利益分配爭議問題等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。

一(yi)、學(xue)術期刊的數字化發展現狀

伴隨數(shu)(shu)字(zi)信(xin)(xin)息技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓬勃發展，更(geng)多(duo)新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播方(fang)式(shi)涌現(xian)在(zai)公(gong)眾(zhong)視線并(bing)逐(zhu)步被接納，極大(da)(da)(da)豐(feng)富了(le)(le)(le)信(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲取和(he)利(li)用(yong)習慣(guan)。從世界范圍內(nei)來(lai)(lai)看，很(hen)多(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)根據(ju)實際情況(kuang)選擇了(le)(le)(le)適合自(zi)身運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，也都借(jie)(jie)(jie)助(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，通過(guo)(guo)閱讀和(he)下載(zai)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流量(liang)與不菲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)入。就拿(na)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)第一大(da)(da)(da)國美國為(wei)例(li)，有(you)(you)三(san)萬余種學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)按照(zhao)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，在(zai)實現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)轉(zhuan)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上，健(jian)康、有(you)(you)序(xu)地(di)運(yun)行著(zhu)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頂級學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)《Science》《Nature》為(wei)例(li)，讀者(zhe)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根據(ju)需(xu)要(yao)自(zi)主訂閱網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)內(nei)容(rong)，付費后(hou)閱讀文(wen)章(zhang)，極大(da)(da)(da)降(jiang)低(di)了(le)(le)(le)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發表(biao)時(shi)滯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，也獲得了(le)(le)(le)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)潤增長點(dian)。國內(nei)知網(wang)(wang)、萬方(fang)等(deng)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)庫也是(shi)如(ru)(ru)此，無論在(zai)下載(zai)量(liang)還是(shi)在(zai)利(li)潤方(fang)面都是(shi)比(bi)較理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。然而，期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)內(nei)容(rong)提供(gong)商從中分得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卻很(hen)少，未(wei)來(lai)(lai)需(xu)要(yao)在(zai)這一方(fang)面重(zhong)點(dian)思考。此外(wai)，愛(ai)斯維爾、威利(li)-布萊克維爾、斯普林(lin)格以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)泰勒(le)·弗朗(lang)西斯出版(ban)(ban)集團(tuan)也已(yi)經完成了(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)轉(zhuan)型，相(xiang)關期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)能夠(gou)為(wei)受眾(zhong)提供(gong)包括(kuo)按關鍵(jian)詞(ci)、作(zuo)者(zhe)、時(shi)間等(deng)文(wen)獻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢索服務，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)導航、全文(wen)下載(zai)等(deng)，提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)極大(da)(da)(da)便(bian)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，也提升了(le)(le)(le)受眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依賴度(du)；靈活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)OA以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)網(wang)(wang)絡預出版(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，更(geng)是(shi)很(hen)好(hao)地(di)與新(xin)媒(mei)(mei)體(ti)時(shi)代特征相(xiang)呼應，掙(zheng)脫了(le)(le)(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)出版(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桎梏(gu)。行業(ye)(ye)應對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播與營銷層面投入更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關注度(du)。例(li)如(ru)(ru)除了(le)(le)(le)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)，《Nature》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)姊(zi)妹刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)紛紛在(zai)Twitter、Facebook等(deng)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)交互(hu)，充(chong)分借(jie)(jie)(jie)助(zhu)(zhu)了(le)(le)(le)自(zi)媒(mei)(mei)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)量(liang)來(lai)(lai)推動發展。中國也有(you)(you)部分學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)借(jie)(jie)(jie)助(zhu)(zhu)官方(fang)微(wei)博(bo)這一高(gao)效(xiao)、即(ji)時(shi)、自(zi)發傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)打造開放互(hu)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)輯平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，很(hen)好(hao)地(di)實現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)“淺閱讀、碎片化(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)出版(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供(gong)編(bian)輯、讀者(zhe)和(he)審稿(gao)專家之間開展密切交流，既助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)發展，也推動了(le)(le)(le)組稿(gao)、約稿(gao)等(deng)出版(ban)(ban)進程。此外(wai)，作(zuo)為(wei)新(xin)媒(mei)(mei)體(ti)技術(shu)(shu)融合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一大(da)(da)(da)重(zhong)要(yao)產物(wu)，微(wei)信(xin)(xin)被廣泛認為(wei)是(shi)繼微(wei)博(bo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)較大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)媒(mei)(mei)體(ti)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)之一。早在(zai)2014年，我國微(wei)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)戶就突破了(le)(le)(le)4億，并(bing)在(zai)2018年超過(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)(le)5億。相(xiang)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)微(wei)博(bo)，微(wei)信(xin)(xin)不僅具(ju)有(you)(you)語音功能這一鮮明(ming)創(chuang)新(xin)，而且傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播群體(ti)更(geng)加具(ju)有(you)(you)針對(dui)性(xing)，即(ji)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是(shi)擁有(you)(you)相(xiang)同(tong)或相(xiang)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)益群體(ti)。基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此，業(ye)(ye)界往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)認為(wei)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)通過(guo)(guo)利(li)用(yong)像微(wei)信(xin)(xin)之類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)移(yi)動終端業(ye)(ye)務來(lai)(lai)實現(xian)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)進程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)推動。從實踐(jian)來(lai)(lai)看，當前絕大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)數(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)還未(wei)對(dui)微(wei)信(xin)(xin)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)投入足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關注度(du)，相(xiang)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)政類微(wei)信(xin)(xin)公(gong)眾(zhong)號，學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)類公(gong)眾(zhong)號盡管(guan)相(xiang)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)去已(yi)經展現(xian)出了(le)(le)(le)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)度(du)，但還是(shi)有(you)(you)待于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進一步推進，且絕大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)數(shu)(shu)限定(ding)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)熱(re)點(dian)文(wen)章(zhang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)當前期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)目錄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簡單推送(song)，利(li)用(yong)度(du)不高(gao)。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)說，未(wei)來(lai)(lai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)如(ru)(ru)何(he)利(li)用(yong)微(wei)信(xin)(xin)等(deng)自(zi)媒(mei)(mei)體(ti)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)這一環節進行深入探索，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實現(xian)更(geng)為(wei)精準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)向推送(song)，提升受眾(zhong)與期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黏(nian)性(xing)，加快(kuai)信(xin)(xin)息傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播，提高(gao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)。

二、我國學術期刊數字(zi)化發展(zhan)的應對策略

（一）有(you)效實現(xian)學(xue)術期刊的(de)數字化出版盈利模式的(de)創新

除了同網(wang)站開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)合作(zuo)(zuo)實(shi)現電子期刊(kan)在線閱讀外，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)與資源提(ti)(ti)取者(zhe)利潤分(fen)成(cheng)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式來(lai)盈(ying)利，例如知網(wang)便是采用(yong)(yong)這種盈(ying)利模(mo)式，具(ju)(ju)體(ti)是通過(guo)期刊(kan)付費下載等(deng)來(lai)增加收入(ru)。從(cong)長遠來(lai)看，一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)數字期刊(kan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)充分(fen)汲取新媒體(ti)時(shi)代特征，在原(yuan)來(lai)紙質(zhi)文字內容的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上實(shi)現展(zhan)(zhan)示技(ji)術(shu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)提(ti)(ti)升，鼓勵學(xue)術(shu)成(cheng)果突破(po)原(yuan)有(you)的(de)(de)單一(yi)文字性內容，實(shi)現以(yi)(yi)音(yin)(yin)頻(pin)(pin)、動(dong)畫或者(zhe)視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)等(deng)形式進行展(zhan)(zhan)示。同時(shi)，期刊(kan)平臺搜索引(yin)擎可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)受(shou)眾(zhong)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)基(ji)于圖片、視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)相(xiang)關(guan)關(guan)鍵詞所開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)搜索，豐富受(shou)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式，提(ti)(ti)升使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)便捷度(du)。另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)技(ji)術(shu)支持(chi)，不僅(jin)僅(jin)涉及(ji)現有(you)的(de)(de)查找重(zhong)復率(lv)技(ji)術(shu)支持(chi)，而且(qie)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)涉及(ji)論(lun)文潤色(se)、圖片美化(hua)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)音(yin)(yin)、視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)處理等(deng)服務，借此(ci)增加用(yong)(yong)戶黏性，并(bing)同時(shi)增加期刊(kan)收入(ru)。此(ci)外，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)創新性開(kai)發(fa)數字期刊(kan)的(de)(de)二次化(hua)銷售(shou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式，例如圍繞某(mou)一(yi)主題、某(mou)一(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)或者(zhe)某(mou)個(ge)學(xue)科方(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)來(lai)重(zhong)新進行論(lun)文打包，形成(cheng)專刊(kan)并(bing)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)銷售(shou)，重(zhong)點關(guan)注具(ju)(ju)有(you)某(mou)些特殊需要的(de)(de)受(shou)眾(zhong)群(qun)體(ti)；也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)將(jiang)會議論(lun)文、研(yan)討活動(dong)等(deng)論(lun)文作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)專業(ye)論(lun)文集(ji)，在學(xue)者(zhe)群(qun)體(ti)中廣泛(fan)征集(ji)需求意向(xiang)(xiang)，借此(ci)調(diao)整銷售(shou)創新。

摘要:在現(xian)(xian)代科學(xue)技術多(duo)元化的(de)(de)影響下，學(xue)術期刊充分利用新技術對內容(rong)(rong)和形式拓維，實現(xian)(xian)出(chu)版模式的(de)(de)轉變;通(tong)過(guo)挖掘學(xue)術成果內容(rong)(rong)，為(wei)用戶提(ti)供更(geng)加快速、便捷、專業化、多(duo)樣(yang)化的(de)(de)服務(wu);通(tong)過(guo)擁抱開放獲取，實現(xian)(xian)盈利模式的(de)(de)轉換。這種出(chu)版模式和理念的(de)(de)轉變對圖(tu)書館的(de)(de)館藏建設既帶來了資(zi)源的(de)(de)多(duo)樣(yang)化、緩解經費緊張的(de)(de)壓力等(deng)方面的(de)(de)機遇，也(ye)給圖(tu)書館的(de)(de)學(xue)術期刊采選、向(xiang)學(xue)界提(ti)供服務(wu)等(deng)方面帶來了更(geng)大的(de)(de)難度。

關鍵詞:學術期刊(kan);出版模式;出版理念;館藏(zang)建(jian)設;圖書館

21世(shi)紀以來(lai)，在(zai)網(wang)絡化(hua)、信(xin)息化(hua)、大數(shu)據(ju)、多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒體等多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)元技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)推動下(xia)，整個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)出(chu)(chu)版界已經產生了巨(ju)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)。在(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊方面，不(bu)(bu)僅在(zai)線(xian)期刊走向(xiang)普(pu)及化(hua)，其所刊載的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)章也不(bu)(bu)再(zai)限于文(wen)(wen)字、表格和圖(tu)片，而(er)是(shi)更加趨(qu)向(xiang)于多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒體化(hua)，甚至很多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科領域出(chu)(chu)現了數(shu)據(ju)期刊、視頻文(wen)(wen)章等。對(dui)于出(chu)(chu)版社(she)(she)而(er)言，不(bu)(bu)僅學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊印刷(shua)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)發行量大幅下(xia)降(jiang)，甚至其在(zai)線(xian)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)訂閱(yue)份(fen)額也有(you)所減(jian)少(shao)，而(er)開放獲取期刊、科研(yan)社(she)(she)交網(wang)絡、預印本等學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)成果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)傳(chuan)播方式(shi)卻在(zai)蓬勃發展［1］。與此(ci)同時，雖然各國的(de)(de)(de)(de)科研(yan)經費均有(you)顯著增長，但各國各類型(xing)圖(tu)書館的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)獻資源(yuan)建(jian)設經費卻在(zai)不(bu)(bu)斷縮減(jian)，作為學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)藏用戶(hu)，圖(tu)書館的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)對(dui)購(gou)買(mai)力因(yin)此(ci)而(er)持續下(xia)降(jiang)。為了應對(dui)現代科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技術(shu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)元化(hua)、用戶(hu)需求多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)樣化(hua)等方面給學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊出(chu)(chu)版業帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，國外許多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊出(chu)(chu)版商正在(zai)積極地進行自我調整，改變(bian)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)盈(ying)利理念，籌備自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略轉型(xing)。在(zai)以上諸多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合影(ying)響下(xia)，未來(lai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)期刊發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)一些(xie)趨(qu)勢(shi)已初現端倪，這些(xie)變(bian)化(hua)與趨(qu)勢(shi)也給圖(tu)書館的(de)(de)(de)(de)館藏建(jian)設帶來(lai)了較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。

1學術期刊出版模式的轉變

學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)典型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)驅動(dong)型(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現(xian)代科學(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)下(xia)，學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，無論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)從(cong)(cong)刊(kan)(kan)載論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)，還(huan)(huan)是(shi)從(cong)(cong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)，均(jun)十分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)迅速地融入(ru)了(le)新(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，例(li)如數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、智(zhi)(zhi)慧出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)(yu)(yu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)等(deng)。這(zhe)些(xie)多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，將(jiang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)。1.1內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)拓維，學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)刊(kan)(kan)載論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)(hua)。目前，學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)印(yin)刷版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)行(xing)量(liang)大(da)幅(fu)下(xia)降，國(guo)際上(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)線期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主流格(ge)(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)也(ye)是(shi)以(yi)HTML和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)PDF兩(liang)種格(ge)(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)為(wei)主。無論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)是(shi)印(yin)刷版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)還(huan)(huan)是(shi)HTML或(huo)PDF格(ge)(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)子(zi)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)都需要以(yi)語言(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)表述(shu)。然(ran)而，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各種新(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助(zhu)下(xia)，科研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)更(geng)多(duo)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)類型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，例(li)如視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)等(deng)等(deng)［1］。隨(sui)著人(ren)(ren)們生(sheng)(sheng)活節奏(zou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐步加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)，相比閱(yue)(yue)讀大(da)段(duan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，更(geng)直觀(guan)、簡潔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)果呈現(xian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)也(ye)愈加(jia)(jia)受到(dao)人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞。用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)(yue)讀習(xi)慣也(ye)使得(de)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)直觀(guan)、便捷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可視(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)呈現(xian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)方(fang)向。相對(dui)于閱(yue)(yue)讀傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)、圖(tu)表而言(yan)，觀(guan)看視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)將(jiang)會更(geng)加(jia)(jia)受到(dao)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歡迎。因此，多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)需求(qiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)閱(yue)(yue)讀習(xi)慣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變，使學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)拓維，所刊(kan)(kan)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)(hua)。目前，國(guo)外一(yi)些(xie)醫學(xue)(xue)類期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)已經(jing)將(jiang)某些(xie)具有前沿性(xing)(xing)(xing)、指導性(xing)(xing)(xing)手術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)以(yi)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)享和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)傳(chuan)播(bo)。近年來(lai)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)經(jing)歷了(le)快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)，逐漸在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)界擁有了(le)一(yi)方(fang)舞臺。所謂數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，即描述(shu)關于一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)一(yi)組數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)檔(dang)，它們通(tong)(tong)過描述(shu)創建(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)處(chu)理(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)細節、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)再利用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛力等(deng)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)開(kai)發(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)［2］。數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)既可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)上(shang)(shang)發(fa)表，也(ye)可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)專門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)上(shang)(shang)發(fa)表，其(qi)主要目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)對(dui)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)描述(shu)［3］。與(yu)(yu)(yu)普通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)一(yi)樣，視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)類學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)果及數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)同(tong)(tong)樣擁有數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)對(dui)象唯一(yi)標(biao)識(shi)(shi)符，也(ye)可以(yi)被其(qi)他科研(yan)(yan)(yan)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)引用(yong)(yong)。1.2人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)，構(gou)建(jian)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)慧出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)21世紀后(hou)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)方(fang)興未(wei)艾(ai)，多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)已然(ran)興起(qi)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)開(kai)始起(qi)步。人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)業(ye)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)中，無論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)是(shi)從(cong)(cong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)角度還(huan)(huan)是(shi)從(cong)(cong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)角度，都將(jiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)顛覆性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)(shang)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)(bu)僅可以(yi)有助(zhu)于科研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速記(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)錄入(ru)，還(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)對(dui)各種專業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寫(xie)作技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧與(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)歸納總結，甚(shen)至實現(xian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)創新(xin)［4］。例(li)如，施普林(lin)格(ge)(ge)(ge)•自然(ran)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)集團(SpringerNa-ture)與(yu)(yu)(yu)德(de)國(guo)法(fa)(fa)蘭克(ke)福大(da)學(xue)(xue)(GoetheUniversityFrank-furt)共同(tong)(tong)開(kai)發(fa)了(le)“BataWriter”算法(fa)(fa)，并用(yong)(yong)它出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)了(le)第一(yi)本(ben)(ben)由(you)機器(qi)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)圖(tu)書(shu)———《鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池:機器(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目前研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)摘(zhai)要》(Lithium－IonBatter-ies:AMachine－GeneratedSummaryofCurrentRe-search)［5］。由(you)此可見，不(bu)(bu)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)來(lai)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)可以(yi)通(tong)(tong)過有效(xiao)(xiao)解構(gou)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)撰稿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種寫(xie)作特征和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)風格(ge)(ge)(ge)，協(xie)助(zhu)作者(zhe)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻資料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)理(li)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析、研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)甚(shen)至創作。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)，一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，對(dui)于科研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)而言(yan)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)大(da)大(da)提高(gao)(gao)了(le)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)本(ben)(ben)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析、語義分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析、模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)識(shi)(shi)別、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)搜索、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)挖掘(jue)、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)算法(fa)(fa)、機器(qi)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)處(chu)理(li)，從(cong)(cong)而實現(xian)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精準抓取與(yu)(yu)(yu)推送，為(wei)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)提供細粒(li)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)，協(xie)助(zhu)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)創新(xin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)撰寫(xie)［6］。另一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，對(dui)于有閱(yue)(yue)讀需求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)而言(yan)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)對(dui)于大(da)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)理(li)效(xiao)(xiao)率和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)洞察深度均(jun)有很(hen)大(da)提高(gao)(gao)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)實現(xian)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)(yue)讀記(ji)錄、閱(yue)(yue)讀時(shi)空狀況和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)機交互數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析，從(cong)(cong)而對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閱(yue)(yue)讀需求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)深層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挖掘(jue)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步為(wei)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)提供更(geng)加(jia)(jia)適合且更(geng)具前沿性(xing)(xing)(xing)、新(xin)穎性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻素材(cai)。基于此，學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)也(ye)將(jiang)更(geng)多(duo)地體(ti)現(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)對(dui)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適應性(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實行(xing)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，做到(dao)創新(xin)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)，實現(xian)從(cong)(cong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)到(dao)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)(yu)(yu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)躍(yue)。

2學術期刊出版理念的變化

1引言

較(jiao)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)速(su)(su)(su)度，與廣泛性(xing)、多(duo)樣性(xing)和(he)開放(fang)性(xing)一(yi)(yi)同，被(bei)(bei)認為是(shi)(shi)(shi)Altmetrics最主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)征［1，2］。相比(bi)(bi)于出版延遲等因(yin)素所導致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)統引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間滯后(hou)性(xing)［3－5］，Altmetrics數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)可(ke)(ke)以在(zai)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)短時(shi)間內實現(xian)快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，以此(ci)為論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)影響(xiang)力計量提(ti)供早期評價指標［6］。從(cong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)線(xian)發表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)刻(ke)開始，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻管理工(gong)具(ju)或社(she)交媒(mei)(mei)體平(ping)臺上圍繞論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)所開展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)交流活動和(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)行為就有(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)能被(bei)(bei)追(zhui)蹤(zong)記錄(lu)下來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，構(gou)成早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Altmetrics數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。這些非正(zheng)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)足跡，一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)過同行評議(yi)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)出版等流程(cheng)，因(yin)此(ci)能在(zai)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)線(xian)可(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)后(hou)極短時(shi)間內出現(xian)并且被(bei)(bei)捕捉(zhuo)［7，8］。例如論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)發表后(hou)不(bu)久，便會(hui)在(zai)Mendeley上積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)起(qi)(qi)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀者數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，而(er)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)則(ze)一(yi)(yi)般需(xu)要(yao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)過幾年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)才(cai)初具(ju)規模［9，10］。反之(zhi)(zhi)，快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)交媒(mei)(mei)體數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，也增(zeng)強了(le)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)網絡環(huan)境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)度，為論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)更多(duo)點(dian)擊與訪問［11］。在(zai)諸多(duo)Altmetrics數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源中(zhong)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)（Twitter）數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)覆蓋(gai)率(lv)最高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)［12，13］，而(er)且表現(xian)出最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)速(su)(su)(su)度［14，15］。推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)具(ju)體表現(xian)為：當科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)線(xian)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短短幾小時(shi)甚(shen)至(zhi)幾分(fen)(fen)鐘內，就已經(jing)(jing)(jing)被(bei)(bei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶提(ti)及(ji)(ji)，從(cong)而(er)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)起(qi)(qi)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)［16，17］。受(shou)到預(yu)印本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)甚(shen)至(zhi)會(hui)在(zai)正(zheng)式發表之(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)就已經(jing)(jing)(jing)受(shou)到推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)［18］。因(yin)此(ci)，對于大(da)部分(fen)(fen)僅擁有(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)言(yan)(yan)，它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)是(shi)(shi)(shi)Altmetrics數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)從(cong)無到有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)界線(xian)，意味著它們首(shou)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)社(she)交媒(mei)(mei)體平(ping)臺為用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶可(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)社(she)交媒(mei)(mei)體傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)。以往關(guan)(guan)于科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究，大(da)部分(fen)(fen)關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)提(ti)及(ji)(ji)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與未(wei)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)關(guan)(guan)系［19－21］，或是(shi)(shi)(shi)總推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)提(ti)及(ji)(ji)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)隨時(shi)間推(tui)(tui)(tui)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)模式與速(su)(su)(su)度［22］。但對于科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)，即來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自何(he)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哪類(lei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶在(zai)何(he)時(shi)實現(xian)了(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)次(ci)(ci)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)，還缺(que)乏具(ju)體定量分(fen)(fen)析。在(zai)傳(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻計量學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領域，科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得首(shou)次(ci)(ci)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)速(su)(su)(su)度與模式已受(shou)到學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)［23，24］。本文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)則(ze)著眼于科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，對WebofScience的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)擁有(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)進行了(le)大(da)規模分(fen)(fen)析，以回答(da)以下研究問題：第一(yi)(yi)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)速(su)(su)(su)度如何(he)？對于不(bu)同學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)言(yan)(yan)，發表后(hou)一(yi)(yi)般需(xu)要(yao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)歷多(duo)長(chang)時(shi)間才(cai)能獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)？第二，科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由哪些類(lei)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)？首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)和(he)后(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否有(you)(you)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶構(gou)成比(bi)(bi)例？第三，科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)條(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自哪些國(guo)家／地(di)區？來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)作者國(guo)家／地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶是(shi)(shi)(shi)否會(hui)最先關(guan)(guan)于這些論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)？

2數據來(lai)源與研(yan)究方法

要對(dui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析，首(shou)(shou)(shou)先(xian)需要確定論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)計(ji)量學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析中(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)觀(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)尺度(du)，如(ru)(ru)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、月(yue)(yue)等，并(bing)不適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析在(zai)(zai)(zai)微觀(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)尺度(du)（日(ri)(ri)(ri)、小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等）內(nei)能(neng)(neng)夠實(shi)現快(kuai)速(su)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，更(geng)無(wu)法用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)識(shi)別(bie)(bie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)。因此(ci)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)確到日(ri)(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI號(hao)(hao)創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶信(xin)息則(ze)通過DOI號(hao)(hao)從(cong)Altmet－ric．com提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)集中(zhong)匹配獲(huo)(huo)(huo)取(qu)(qu)。2．1Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Crossref（www．crossref．org）是一(yi)(yi)個正(zheng)式(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)立于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國際學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術出版商(shang)(shang)聯(lian)盟，目前已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)開放(fang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（OpenScience）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)整合者(zhe)(zhe)和(he)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)。截至2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)，Crossref已(yi)收(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)了(le)(le)(le)逾1億條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)［25］。Crossref最主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，是其為(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)員提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)對(dui)象標識(shi)符（DOI）注冊與(yu)(yu)儲(chu)存服(fu)務。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)DOI號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)精(jing)確到了(le)(le)(le)具(ju)體日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層(ceng)次(ci)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)得(de)以(yi)實(shi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)微觀(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)尺度(du)（日(ri)(ri)(ri)）上(shang)，對(dui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耗時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進行(xing)度(du)量。Altmetric．com從(cong)2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)開始追蹤記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)傳播數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，因此(ci)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)選(xuan)取(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)該時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)點之(zhi)(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)對(dui)象。自2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)至2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)31日(ri)(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)里，共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)6，859，973篇(pian)(pian)WebofScience論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)（僅(jin)考慮Article和(he)Review兩種(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)）擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)被(bei)(bei)Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI號(hao)(hao)。通過對(dui)DOI號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匹配，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)從(cong)Crossref采集了(le)(le)(le)這些論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，以(yi)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。2．2Altmetric．com記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)選(xuan)取(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)6，859，973篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI號(hao)(hao)，通過Altmetric．com提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)集搜(sou)索匹配了(le)(le)(le)它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)傳播數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。截至2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)，共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)2，221，737篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)（占32．4％）積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。根據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)Altmetric．com記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，每篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)，以(yi)及(ji)與(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶地(di)理位置(zhi)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)等數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)出來(lai)以(yi)進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)預印本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其他論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)言，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)子出版環境(jing)下(xia)優先(xian)可(ke)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)更(geng)早被(bei)(bei)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶提(ti)及(ji)，因此(ci)，33，879篇(pian)(pian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)預印本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)（占1．5％，即Altmetric．com記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)ArXivID的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)）被(bei)(bei)剔(ti)除。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其余的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2，187，858篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)較了(le)(le)(le)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)與(yu)(yu)Altmetric．com記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。正(zheng)常情況下(xia)，推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)提(ti)及(ji)應(ying)該發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)后，但有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)149，212篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，除預印本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響外，可(ke)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因還包括：第一(yi)(yi)，部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)情況下(xia)，Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)出版商(shang)(shang)正(zheng)式(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)細微偏差，論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)上(shang)線(xian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)實(shi)際上(shang)早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。當這類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)線(xian)后迅速(su)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)提(ti)及(ji)，其首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)便有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；第二，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出版商(shang)(shang)合并(bing)等客觀(guan)原因，Crossref記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI號(hao)(hao)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)根據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)要求更(geng)新創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，導致已(yi)經發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)一(yi)(yi)個新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，從(cong)而(er)使得(de)以(yi)往(wang)已(yi)經積(ji)(ji)累(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。為(wei)保證分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確性(xing)(xing)，這些首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DOI創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)被(bei)(bei)剔(ti)除。最終(zhong)，2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)WebofScience論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)及(ji)其首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)被(bei)(bei)選(xuan)取(qu)(qu)為(wei)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)對(dui)象。所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)6，859，973篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)及(ji)2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)份分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)狀(zhuang)況如(ru)(ru)圖1所(suo)示。2012—2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)這五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)，總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)呈增長趨勢，且獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)（即至少擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量也(ye)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加。發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2015、2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例相(xiang)較于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前幾年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)明顯提(ti)升，2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和(he)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)34．6％和(he)34．1％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。2．3CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)為(wei)比(bi)較不同(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)域(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差異性(xing)(xing)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)對(dui)2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)樣(yang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)領(ling)域(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)是由Waltman和(he)VanEck提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)引(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)［26］。相(xiang)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)WebofScience使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)，基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)屬(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)具(ju)體研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)方向進行(xing)更(geng)詳細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，并(bing)且解(jie)決了(le)(le)(le)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)多學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)無(wu)法進行(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)［27］。在(zai)(zai)(zai)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)評(ping)價的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐中(zhong)，CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)已(yi)被(bei)(bei)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“萊頓世界大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)排名(ming)”（LeidenRanking，http：／／www．leidenranking．com／）。CWTS學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)體系(xi)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)引(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)關系(xi)，對(dui)WebofScience數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庫收(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)種(zhong)可(ke)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)：研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)（Article）、綜述（Review）、信(xin)函（Letter）進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)聚(ju)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，這些單篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)4047個有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)著各自具(ju)體研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)主題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)子類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，即圖2中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4047個圓(yuan)點。這些細分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)又聚(ju)集成(cheng)(cheng)高層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五(wu)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)是人文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)社(she)會科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)物(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)健康(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、物(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)工程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)命與(yu)(yu)地(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。五(wu)個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)局(ju)如(ru)(ru)圖2所(suo)示。

3結果分析

3．1具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)當一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)收獲(huo)(huo)(huo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，也(ye)就意(yi)味著該(gai)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。圖(tu)(tu)3展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)6，859，973篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4047個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)子領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)，2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)本(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)狀況(kuang)。每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)圓(yuan)點(dian)代表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)子領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，圓(yuan)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)小由(you)(you)該(gai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)。圓(yuan)點(dian)顏色取(qu)決(jue)(jue)于(yu)(yu)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)子領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)（Proportionofpaperswithatleastonetweet，PP（Tw≥1））。當子領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)（即(ji)(ji)PP（Tw≥1）數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)值更(geng)(geng)接(jie)近(jin)于(yu)(yu)1）時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，圓(yuan)點(dian)偏向(xiang)紅(hong)色；當該(gai)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)（即(ji)(ji)PP（Tw≥1）數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)值更(geng)(geng)接(jie)近(jin)于(yu)(yu)0）時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，圓(yuan)點(dian)偏向(xiang)藍色。比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)照圖(tu)(tu)2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)CWTS分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)體(ti)系可(ke)以看(kan)出(chu)(chu)，人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)覆(fu)蓋(gai)率(lv)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)更(geng)(geng)容易受到(dao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)關(guan)注(zhu)。而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)。從(cong)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)覆(fu)蓋(gai)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)看(kan)（見(jian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)1），生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)44．8％，位(wei)列(lie)(lie)(lie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)；人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)列(lie)(lie)(lie)第(di)(di)二，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)42．2％；其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，該(gai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)31．7％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)受到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)關(guan)注(zhu)；物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)非常低(di)(di)(di)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)13．4％和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)6．9％，出(chu)(chu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)平(ping)臺(tai)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受關(guan)注(zhu)度相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)。3．2首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)速度通過(guo)計(ji)算論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)正式(shi)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)（DOI號(hao)創建日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)）與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)差值，可(ke)以得(de)(de)(de)知每篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)收獲(huo)(huo)(huo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（天(tian)(tian)(tian)），即(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)幾天(tian)(tian)(tian)，論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)。圖(tu)(tu)4分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)五個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，歷經不(bu)(bu)同(tong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)。首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)階(jie)段(duan)：0—1天(tian)(tian)(tian)（當天(tian)(tian)(tian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)接(jie)下(xia)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)）、2—6天(tian)(tian)(tian)（后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二天(tian)(tian)(tian)至(zhi)(zhi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)）、7—30天(tian)(tian)(tian)（的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月內(nei)(nei)(nei)）、31—180天(tian)(tian)(tian)（的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)半年(nian)(nian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)）、181—364天(tian)(tian)(tian)（的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)半年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)）、365天(tian)(tian)(tian)—（的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)）。五個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)，都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過(guo)半的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月內(nei)(nei)(nei)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，超過(guo)80％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)被(bei)(bei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)提及。但(dan)(dan)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)著較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)差異。物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)盡(jin)管推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)覆(fu)蓋(gai)率(lv)不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)(dan)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)收獲(huo)(huo)(huo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度更(geng)(geng)快(kuai)，該(gai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)43．5％是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前兩(liang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)，約(yue)80％發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月內(nei)(nei)(nei)。生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)，僅次(ci)于(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)，人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)里，在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)才獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，逾40％是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)才獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，12．3％是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)才積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)。表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)2展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)五個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)經歷了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)最(zui)(zui)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)（約(yue)52天(tian)(tian)(tian)），隨后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)約(yue)66天(tian)(tian)(tian)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)。人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)95天(tian)(tian)(tian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)134天(tian)(tian)(tian)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)僅只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)很小比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)被(bei)(bei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)提及，而(er)且(qie)(qie)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，才被(bei)(bei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)關(guan)注(zhu)。3．3首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)類(lei)型(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)Altmetric．com主要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)簡(jian)介關(guan)鍵詞、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鏈接(jie)關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)類(lei)型(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)關(guan)注(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)列(lie)(lie)(lie)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三項個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)信息(xi)，將過(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)術期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術出(chu)(chu)版商(shang)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)頻繁(fan)鏈接(jie)關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)；實踐(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)（Practitioner）：臨(lin)床(chuang)醫(yi)師或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)從(cong)事(shi)臨(lin)床(chuang)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)；科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)（Researcher）：熟悉(xi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)；社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)公眾（Memberofthepublic）：與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鏈接(jie)關(guan)系并且(qie)(qie)不(bu)(bu)屬于(yu)(yu)以上任(ren)何一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。本(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)選(xuan)取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)樣(yang)本(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)180，114個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)賬號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)169，312個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)（占94．0％）擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)Altmetric．com識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)并匹配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身份類(lei)型(xing)。此外(wai)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)構成，本(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)采集了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)樣(yang)本(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)以及用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)類(lei)型(xing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。2，038，646篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)由(you)(you)1，550，615個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)賬號(hao)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)1，438，031個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)（92．7％）擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)Altmetric．com識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身份類(lei)型(xing)。圖(tu)(tu)5比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)CWTS五大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)種類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)構成比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)。對于(yu)(yu)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)言(yan)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)占的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)要(yao)明顯(xian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)占的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)。科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術出(chu)(chu)版商(shang)頻繁(fan)關(guan)聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)版商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)促成了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)往(wang)往(wang)能第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)接(jie)收到(dao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)出(chu)(chu)版信息(xi)，并將其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)平(ping)臺(tai)，從(cong)而(er)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)見(jian)度。實踐(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)事(shi)臨(lin)床(chuang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，他(ta)們更(geng)(geng)加關(guan)注(zhu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)身所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)處領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)占的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)明顯(xian)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)熟悉(xi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)，他(ta)們在(zai)(zai)(zai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)僅次(ci)于(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)公眾（即(ji)(ji)Altmetric．com無法根據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)資(zi)料明確劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)身份類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)占的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)則(ze)(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)反。無論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)，物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)，該(gai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)約(yue)32％是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)顯(xian)著高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)3列(lie)(lie)(lie)舉了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)五大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，四(si)類(lei)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（天(tian)(tian)(tian)）。物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)短，不(bu)(bu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)哪類(lei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對最(zui)(zui)長(chang)(chang)，除(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)貢獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)（平(ping)均(jun)(jun)58天(tian)(tian)(tian)），要(yao)快(kuai)于(yu)(yu)對人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)（平(ping)均(jun)(jun)83天(tian)(tian)(tian)）。總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)看(kan)，除(chu)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)耗(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)健康(kang)(kang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、物(wu)(wu)(wu)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度僅次(ci)于(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，實踐(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)卻展(zhan)現出(chu)(chu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)速度。3．4首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)樣(yang)本(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2，038，646條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)中(zhong)，1，002，728條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)（占49．2％）具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)Altmetric．com識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理位(wei)置信息(xi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)狀況(kuang)如圖(tu)(tu)6所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)絕(jue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)北美(mei)(mei)、西(xi)歐和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)澳洲(zhou)(zhou)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)南美(mei)(mei)、非洲(zhou)(zhou)、東歐和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)亞(ya)洲(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)。本(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)從(cong)WebofScience中(zhong)采集了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理位(wei)置可(ke)被(bei)(bei)識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，以統計(ji)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)哪些國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)合作(zuo)(zuo)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)都計(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)(pian)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)最(zui)(zui)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)及其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)（括(kuo)號(hao)中(zhong)）如圖(tu)(tu)7所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)收獲(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)，則(ze)(ze)通過(guo)堆(dui)積(ji)(ji)百分(fen)(fen)(fen)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)形(xing)圖(tu)(tu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)子塊代表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)某一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)，越靠近(jin)左(zuo)側(ce)，就表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)越高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紅(hong)色子塊突出(chu)(chu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。由(you)(you)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)西(xi)班牙這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，吸(xi)引了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)平(ping)臺(tai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)絕(jue)對數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)多(duo)，對于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)大(da)(da)(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)同(tong)樣(yang)占據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)，緊(jin)隨其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)最(zui)(zui)早相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容。然而(er)對于(yu)(yu)意(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)利(li)(li)(li)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)臺(tai)灣(wan)而(er)言(yan)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)構成則(ze)(ze)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)殊。來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)西(xi)班牙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)利(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)收獲(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)三大(da)(da)(da)(da)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)。而(er)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)臺(tai)灣(wan)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)亞(ya)洲(zhou)(zhou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，盡(jin)管擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)(dan)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)則(ze)(ze)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)僅有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)1．2％、1．4％和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)0．8％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)。由(you)(you)圖(tu)(tu)6可(ke)知，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)，因而(er)可(ke)能導致了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)更(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)活躍首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)而(er)言(yan)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)。圖(tu)(tu)8詳細(xi)列(lie)(lie)(lie)舉了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)20個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)貢獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)。美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)對各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)幾乎都占據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)20％以上。除(chu)西(xi)班牙、意(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)利(li)(li)(li)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)臺(tai)灣(wan)以外(wai)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)對本(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)／地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)貢獻(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)率(lv)緊(jin)隨美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)處于(yu)(yu)6．4％（丹麥）至(zhi)(zhi)21．2％（澳大(da)(da)(da)(da)利(li)(li)(li)亞(ya)）之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。

（1）企(qi)業網站建設(she)取得了穩步發(fa)展但仍(reng)存在明顯(xian)問(wen)題

企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)開展網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)性工具，專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷效果得(de)以保證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)。中國企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展首先表現(xian)在數(shu)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)增加方(fang)面(mian)，其次(ci)是(shi)一(yi)些(xie)(xie)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)如家電業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、航空服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等表現(xian)出(chu)整(zheng)體(ti)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性水(shui)平(ping)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特征。從(cong)(cong)(cong)《中國大(da)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷狀況(kuang)研究報告》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調查(cha)中發現(xian)，國內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)及其維護方(fang)面(mian)取得(de)了可喜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進展，根據對(dui)國內11個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)117家大(da)型(xing)消費類企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)（其中80％為上(shang)市公司）網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)所進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統調查(cha)發現(xian)，超過(guo)半(ban)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在1999年之(zhi)前就已(yi)經(jing)建(jian)立(li)了自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，并(bing)且(qie)幾年來堅(jian)持網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)內容(rong)更(geng)新，曾經(jing)成為一(yi)些(xie)(xie)文(wen)章中被批(pi)評的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱點問(wen)題(ti)(ti)如“信息(xi)(xi)陳舊”、“面(mian)貌(mao)象(xiang)簡陋”等現(xian)象(xiang)，現(xian)在實際上(shang)已(yi)經(jing)不(bu)再是(shi)主要(yao)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，在美(mei)觀性方(fang)面(mian)，部分企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)甚至(zhi)已(yi)經(jing)出(chu)現(xian)了美(mei)觀有(you)余而實用不(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況(kuang)。從(cong)(cong)(cong)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)外在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)面(mian)來看，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)建(jian)設狀況(kuang)是(shi)值得(de)肯定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但(dan)一(yi)個不(bu)容(rong)忽視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)實問(wen)題(ti)(ti)是(shi)，大(da)多數(shu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)并(bing)沒有(you)發揮應有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值，并(bing)且(qie)從(cong)(cong)(cong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性看來，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)被調查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)從(cong)(cong)(cong)整(zheng)體(ti)策(ce)(ce)劃到功(gong)能(neng)、服務(wu)、信息(xi)(xi)、運營等方(fang)面(mian)都(dou)還存(cun)在很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)被歸納為“企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十大(da)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)”。從(cong)(cong)(cong)現(xian)象(xiang)來看，這(zhe)種狀況(kuang)通常(chang)被認為是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)運營策(ce)(ce)略失當(dang)，如網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)推廣不(bu)力(li)、信息(xi)(xi)更(geng)新不(bu)及時(shi)等，但(dan)從(cong)(cong)(cong)更(geng)深(shen)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層次(ci)上(shang)分析(xi)，則是(shi)由于缺乏對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)功(gong)能(neng)、實質(zhi)以及與網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷之(zhi)間(jian)關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入(ru)了解所致。如何認識和解決這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，成為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營銷水(shui)平(ping)是(shi)否可以得(de)到進一(yi)步(bu)提高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)。

（2）搜索引擎營(ying)銷熱度進一步提(ti)高

搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)在(zai)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，有史以來從(cong)沒有像2004年這(zhe)樣被推(tui)(tui)(tui)到(dao)(dao)至高無上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)，甚至在(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度上讓人感覺到(dao)(dao)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)就是網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惟一(yi)方(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印象(xiang)，這(zhe)種(zhong)情況反映(ying)了搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)發展(zhan)(zhan)達到(dao)(dao)了空前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱度。搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成和高速發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)原因，得(de)益(yi)于(yu)(yu)互聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)泡沫破裂后(hou)人們對于(yu)(yu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期望從(cong)概念向實際收(shou)益(yi)轉變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史機(ji)遇：從(cong)2000年后(hou)半(ban)年互聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)泡沫破裂開始，企業開始重(zhong)新思(si)考和認識網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值，經過2年多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐和認識，以網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)為(wei)基礎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)日益(yi)受到(dao)(dao)企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視，而(er)(er)(er)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基于(yu)(yu)免(mian)費(fei)(fei)(fei)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)登(deng)錄和免(mian)費(fei)(fei)(fei)信(xin)息(xi)等推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)手段已經不適(shi)應目前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)環境(jing)，因而(er)(er)(er)需要(yao)更有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)方(fang)法(fa)，搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)推(tui)(tui)(tui)出各種(zhong)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，正好(hao)適(shi)應了企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求；其次(ci)，搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)得(de)以快(kuai)速發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接推(tui)(tui)(tui)動，在(zai)很(hen)大程(cheng)度上要(yao)歸(gui)功于(yu)(yu)全國數(shu)以千計網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大力推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)，這(zhe)些服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)為(wei)開拓(tuo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)付出了艱(jian)苦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努力；第三個促成搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)獲得(de)快(kuai)速發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)原因，在(zai)于(yu)(yu)目前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)可供企業選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)還比較少(shao)，尤其是缺乏對于(yu)(yu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)站(zhan)(zhan)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)有明顯(xian)(xian)效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，因而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)付費(fei)(fei)(fei)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)擎(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)提供了廣(guang)(guang)(guang)闊空間，即使(shi)在(zai)付費(fei)(fei)(fei)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)，由于(yu)(yu)服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)數(shu)量少(shao)，行(xing)(xing)業呈明顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)態勢，因而(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)業競爭還不太顯(xian)(xian)著，付費(fei)(fei)(fei)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度上還處于(yu)(yu)賣方(fang)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)狀況。

（3）傳統銷售渠道主導網絡營銷產品市場

前文述及，搜索(suo)(suo)引(yin)擎營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)高速發(fa)展(zhan)在很大(da)程度上得益于網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)推動，其實(shi)不(bu)(bu)僅是搜索(suo)(suo)引(yin)擎服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，其他可以(yi)作為(wei)標準化定(ding)價(jia)模式(shi)(shi)進行(xing)推廣的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)相關產(chan)品(pin)，同樣(yang)主要(yao)依靠(kao)傳(chuan)(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道來開拓(tuo)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，這其中包括(kuo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)實(shi)名/通用(yong)(yong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)址、網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)廣告、域(yu)名注冊、虛擬主機(ji)、企業郵(you)箱等(deng)。不(bu)(bu)可否(fou)認傳(chuan)(chuan)統渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道為(wei)開拓(tuo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)、傳(chuan)(chuan)播網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)概念發(fa)揮(hui)了(le)巨大(da)作用(yong)(yong)，但一些網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)產(chan)品(pin)完全依賴(lai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道進行(xing)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)，甚至用(yong)(yong)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道政策(ce)(ce)控制商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)，例如限(xian)制商(shang)(shang)(shang)自(zi)行(xing)降(jiang)價(jia)、限(xian)制商(shang)(shang)(shang)跨區域(yu)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)產(chan)品(pin)，更(geng)杜絕(jue)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)通過服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)直接購買，這些做法在發(fa)揮(hui)一定(ding)效果的(de)(de)(de)同時，顯然(ran)也限(xian)制了(le)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)高效便捷、無地理區域(yu)限(xian)制等(deng)優點，使得網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)優勢無法充分表現出來，并且出現了(le)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)自(zi)己(ji)不(bu)(bu)能采用(yong)(yong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)手段的(de)(de)(de)矛盾(dun)，國內網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量業務(wu)(wu)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)推銷(xiao)(xiao)模式(shi)(shi)，這與網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)思(si)想相差甚遠。隨著(zhu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，靈活的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)政策(ce)(ce)和多(duo)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)成為(wei)一種(zhong)必然(ran)趨(qu)勢，如果繼續完全依賴(lai)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)統銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)方式(shi)(shi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)考(kao)慮市(shi)場(chang)(chang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)變化，那么這種(zhong)僵化的(de)(de)(de)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)道策(ce)(ce)略(lve)將(jiang)成為(wei)制約網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)服務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)因素。

【摘要(yao)(yao)(yao)】隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)才需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)新定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge)勢(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)必(bi)(bi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)本(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驗進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)闡述，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新思(si)(si)路。【關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)詞】工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)本(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)本(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)養(yang)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)訓練，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)適應(ying)激(ji)烈競(jing)爭環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)再(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，適應(ying)21世紀經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展需要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)綜(zong)合(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)才。就(jiu)(jiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)而言，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)原理(li)(li)(li)(li)、方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)等(deng)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而且要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)運用科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)(li)(li)(li)場(chang)、觀(guan)點(dian)(dian)來(lai)(lai)觀(guan)察、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)并(bing)(bing)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。此外(wai)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)培(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吃苦耐勞(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)風和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意(yi)志(zhi)堅強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)理(li)(li)(li)(li)素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)、寫(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表達(da)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)手、動(dong)嘴和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)動(dong)筆的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)，完(wan)(wan)(wan)全(quan)(quan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)課堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；但(dan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，就(jiu)(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)積(ji)(ji)極參(can)(can)加(jia)(jia)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革(ge)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)養(yang)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)所(suo)(suo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)將來(lai)(lai)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)初步了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，讓(rang)(rang)(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)初步建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)起專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)概念和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)感覺，獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所(suo)(suo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感性(xing)(xing)(xing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)后(hou)續專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)。高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)、經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)費和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)效(xiao)果等(deng)因素(su)(su)(su)，從(cong)(cong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)及(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)多(duo)(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)著(zhu)(zhu)手進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革(ge)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，規(gui)范了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。1、建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)優質(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)問(wen)題(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)非畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)非常(chang)棘手的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。但(dan)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)影(ying)響到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)今后(hou)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)(tai)(tai)度。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)處于(yu)(yu)興(xing)奮狀態(tai)(tai)(tai)，除能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)，還(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)激(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)情，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)創新精神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；而管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)落(luo)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)人(ren)悲(bei)觀(guan)失望，甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)感到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)前途(tu)渺茫(mang)。高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)花(hua)大(da)(da)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)氣選(xuan)(xuan)擇先進(jin)(jin)(jin)、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。如(ru)(ru)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)得(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)常(chang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，我(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)常(chang)州(zhou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、黑牡丹股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、新科(ke)(ke)(ke)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、大(da)(da)華進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)口公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、紅星美(mei)凱龍(long)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)天鋼(gang)鐵集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)常(chang)州(zhou)國泰(tai)君(jun)安(an)證(zheng)(zheng)券公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)等(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批常(chang)州(zhou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)國知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)伙伴關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，并(bing)(bing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)較(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，確(que)(que)保(bao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)每次(ci)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。2、完(wan)(wan)(wan)善實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)安(an)排(pai)開(kai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)初，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綱(gang)擬訂實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)前一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)月，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)溝通(tong)(tong)，商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)量(liang)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)排(pai)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)前一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天，召開(kai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，請(qing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)負責(ze)人(ren)做動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)報(bao)告，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)注意(yi)事(shi)(shi)項。進(jin)(jin)(jin)入實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)，首(shou)(shou)先由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)領導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹(shao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)情況(kuang)(kuang)，并(bing)(bing)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)才素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)，組(zu)織(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)聽專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)士(shi)講(jiang)座(zuo)，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)詳(xiang)細(xi)介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹(shao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，并(bing)(bing)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，著(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹(shao)從(cong)(cong)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，讓(rang)(rang)(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)本(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。最(zui)(zui)后(hou)，參(can)(can)觀(guan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)士(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹(shao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)回答相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)問(wen)題(ti)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)嚴(yan)密(mi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)組(zu)織(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)事(shi)(shi)半功倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果。3、嚴(yan)格要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)、加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)考(kao)核(he)安(an)排(pai)好(hao)(hao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)評(ping)(ping)(ping)定(ding)(ding)(ding)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)跟蹤評(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)，客觀(guan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)后(hou)所(suo)(suo)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)括，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)考(kao)核(he)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)采(cai)用現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)提(ti)(ti)問(wen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)日記的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)考(kao)核(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)態(tai)(tai)(tai)度和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評(ping)(ping)(ping)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)報(bao)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，包(bao)括全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、撰寫(xie)規(gui)范與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)、問(wen)題(ti)探(tan)討以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度等(deng)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)考(kao)察交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)匯(hui)報(bao)情況(kuang)(kuang)，即對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所(suo)(suo)獲(huo)(huo)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)表達(da)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鍛(duan)煉(lian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)培(pei)養(yang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)考(kao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)。將理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)講(jiang)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)兩者(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)。二(er)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革(ge)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)用型(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)本(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)、獨立(li)(li)(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)問(wen)題(ti)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)勞(lao)動(dong)觀(guan)念、事(shi)(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)心(xin)(xin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)感的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)途(tu)徑。隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)我(wo)國客觀(guan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)形(xing)(xing)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)顯(xian)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)弊端(duan)，高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)必(bi)(bi)須改變(bian)原來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)“大(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)、小集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)”實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。1、計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端(duan)所(suo)(suo)謂計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)完(wan)(wan)(wan)全(quan)(quan)按計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)適應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)簽定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)協議(yi)，然后(hou)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)將實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)所(suo)(suo)屬企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)去實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)下(xia)達(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)收(shou)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)令，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)即使(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)收(shou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)，先由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)每個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，安(an)排(pai)好(hao)(hao)他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食宿生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活，把學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)2—3個(ge)(ge)小組(zu)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)帶隊(dui)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，并(bing)(bing)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)帶隊(dui)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)負責(ze)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)便于(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但(dan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)弊端(duan)也(ye)(ye)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)明顯(xian)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)包(bao)得(de)(de)太多(duo)(duo)、統(tong)得(de)(de)太死，整個(ge)(ge)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)(dou)(dou)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)負責(ze)包(bao)攬(lan)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)動(dong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，缺乏(fa)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)于(yu)(yu)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)，少數(shu)(shu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)被(bei)動(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)收(shou)大(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，勢(shi)必(bi)(bi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)采(cai)取應(ying)付態(tai)(tai)(tai)度，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)果自(zi)(zi)然不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)想。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)難(nan)以(yi)(yi)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決食宿問(wen)題(ti)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)費用很(hen)大(da)(da)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)難(nan)以(yi)(yi)承受(shou)(shou)。更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)我(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)渡，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)權不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)(da)，主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)象過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去那樣直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)下(xia)達(da)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)收(shou)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)(ren)務。客觀(guan)形(xing)(xing)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)顯(xian)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)弊端(duan)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)改變(bian)原來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)顯(xian)得(de)(de)非常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)必(bi)(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)。2、“大(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)、小集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)”實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運用所(suo)(suo)謂“大(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)、小集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)”實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)尋找(zhao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)各地(di)(di)(di)(di)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，而少數(shu)(shu)確(que)(que)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)困難(nan)或有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)特(te)殊原因的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，該(gai)(gai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)括如(ru)(ru)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序。首(shou)(shou)先，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)(dian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)大(da)(da)綱(gang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)、目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)都(dou)(dou)(dou)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。開(kai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)初，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，按計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)提(ti)(ti)前兩個(ge)(ge)月左右時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)召開(kai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，以(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)同(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)們對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)放(fang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)（學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)函(han)），學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)憑實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)開(kai)始前一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)交(jiao)(jiao)回實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蓋(gai)章接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)收(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)后(hou)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)詳(xiang)細(xi)信(xin)息及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)審核(he)整理(li)(li)(li)(li)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)班(ban)主(zhu)(zhu)任(ren)(ren)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)關(guan)(guan)注聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)情況(kuang)(kuang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)找(zhao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)并(bing)(bing)幫助(zhu)尋找(zhao)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)(dou)(dou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)按時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)期間(jian)(jian)(jian)，采(cai)用電話(hua)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)監控。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)里，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)電話(hua)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)情況(kuang)(kuang)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)督促學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)期中(zhong)(zhong)階(jie)段，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)束(shu)階(jie)段，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否仍在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表示感謝。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)返校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)后(hou)，上(shang)(shang)交(jiao)(jiao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)手冊。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)組(zu)織(zhi)各種(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)座(zuo)談(tan)(tan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，讓(rang)(rang)(rang)同(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)們積(ji)(ji)極發(fa)(fa)(fa)言談(tan)(tan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)歷(li)、談(tan)(tan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，并(bing)(bing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答辯程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序，最(zui)(zui)終評(ping)(ping)(ping)定(ding)(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)。[1][2][][]3、兩種(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)盡(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)“大(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)、小集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)”實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)處于(yu)(yu)探(tan)索(suo)(suo)階(jie)段，但(dan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)優點(dian)(dian)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)激(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)(xing)(xing)，也(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)活動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。第(di)二(er)，個(ge)(ge)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)獨全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)理(li)(li)(li)(li)素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)(zhi)、價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)觀(guan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)觀(guan)都(dou)(dou)(dou)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)深(shen)刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)。第(di)三，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)許(xu)多(duo)(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)貢獻(xian)，受(shou)(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度評(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)。第(di)四，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙向(xiang)(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)擇創造(zao)(zao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)條件。第(di)五，為(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)奠定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，也(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)問(wen)題(ti)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)幾點(dian)(dian)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布面(mian)(mian)(mian)廣，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)度大(da)(da)，難(nan)以(yi)(yi)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)必(bi)(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)(zi)我(wo)約(yue)束(shu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)果不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡(heng)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)果也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)影(ying)響。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠明確(que)(que)，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)缺乏(fa)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)等(deng)等(deng)。三、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步思(si)(si)考(kao)1、切實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)依靠專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)高(gao)等(deng)院校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)普(pu)遍設(she)(she)(she)立(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，借助(zhu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)士(shi)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驗來(lai)(lai)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)從(cong)(cong)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)入手，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，并(bing)(bing)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，以(yi)(yi)便使(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)符(fu)合(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)任(ren)(ren)職(zhi)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)更(geng)好(hao)(hao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，建(jian)議(yi)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)兼職(zhi)授課，以(yi)(yi)便隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)情況(kuang)(kuang)，保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)偏(pian)離軌道(dao)。2、建(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)(ji)層崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，應(ying)當盡(jin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)安(an)排(pai)基(ji)(ji)層崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，比(bi)如(ru)(ru)辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)室文(wen)(wen)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銷(xiao)售(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)參(can)(can)觀(guan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)咨詢(xun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)；總(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少應(ying)當有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)月。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)情況(kuang)(kuang)，僅(jin)僅(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，必(bi)(bi)須通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)匯(hui)總(zong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)短(duan)。參(can)(can)觀(guan)考(kao)察的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象應(ying)該(gai)(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)(suo)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當然，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)把每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都(dou)(dou)(dou)涉及(ji)(ji)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)事(shi)(shi)先組(zu)織(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)愛好(hao)(hao)來(lai)(lai)報(bao)名選(xuan)(xuan)擇行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)，當把所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)匯(hui)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起來(lai)(lai)，就(jiu)(jiu)得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)各行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)各業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)息。然后(hou)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)組(zu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兩個(ge)(ge)星期之內(nei)(nei)(nei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)信(xin)息及(ji)(ji)該(gai)(gai)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)具(ju)(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。最(zui)(zui)后(hou)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)寫(xie)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)本(ben)(ben)次(ci)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)報(bao)告。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)報(bao)告中(zhong)(zhong)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)。首(shou)(shou)先，畫(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)該(gai)(gai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)圖(tu)，包(bao)括上(shang)(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)層管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)機構(gou)(gou)，下(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)班(ban)組(zu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)室的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)，從(cong)(cong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)圖(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)找(zhao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，最(zui)(zui)少四個(ge)(ge)。詳(xiang)細(xi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)(xie)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)該(gai)(gai)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)具(ju)(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算機水(shui)(shui)平(ping)、英(ying)語水(shui)(shui)平(ping)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，如(ru)(ru)寫(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、人(ren)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資源(yuan)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、市場(chang)營銷(xiao)、市場(chang)調(diao)研(yan)(yan)、資料(liao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。最(zui)(zui)后(hou)，把了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息綜(zong)合(he)起來(lai)(lai)寫(xie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)份實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)報(bao)告。3、構(gou)(gou)建(jian)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)嘗試在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，營造(zao)(zao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)情景，依托(tuo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)開(kai)展實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，把企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)真正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“搬(ban)進(jin)(jin)(jin)”學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，讓(rang)(rang)(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，掌(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)律，熟悉企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)手操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)、信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)術(shu)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)綜(zong)合(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競(jing)爭力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。當然，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)安(an)排(pai)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)情景設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)，都(dou)(dou)(dou)應(ying)當盡(jin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貼近(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)活動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)，突出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度仿(fang)真性(xing)(xing)(xing)。環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)應(ying)使(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)仿(fang)佛置(zhi)身(shen)于(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感覺。4、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)年論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)鼓勵學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)三時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興(xing)趣特(te)長(chang)選(xuan)(xuan)擇學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)年論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究方(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)安(an)排(pai)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)近(jin)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)年論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)既便于(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，也(ye)(ye)便于(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)幫助(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資料(liao)、參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，真正(zheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)相(xiang)(xiang)長(chang)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)議(yi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)地(di)(di)(di)(di)安(an)排(pai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，明確(que)(que)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)題(ti)，從(cong)(cong)而使(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)明確(que)(que)、內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)充實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣還(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)克服原有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)孤立(li)(li)(li)(li)、封閉和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弱點(dian)(dian)，將平(ping)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機地(di)(di)(di)(di)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。此外(wai)，還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)尋找(zhao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競(jing)爭能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)手段，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)國實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)21世紀人(ren)才戰(zhan)略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)例外(wai)。立(li)(li)(li)(li)足高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、積(ji)(ji)極參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)度是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決當前大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)手段，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貫(guan)徹(che)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)國經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)輸送優秀(xiu)人(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀(guan)保(bao)障(zhang)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)培(pei)養(yang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項長(chang)期系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提(ti)(ti)供良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)育人(ren)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)懈努力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、勇(yong)于(yu)(yu)探(tan)索(suo)(suo)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創新大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。【參(can)(can)考(kao)文(wen)(wen)獻(xian)】[1]田建(jian)國：大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育縱橫談(tan)(tan)[M].濟(ji)南：山東教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版社(she)(she)(she)(she)，2001.[2]李(li)平(ping)收(shou)：青年辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)訓練教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)[M].北京：中(zhong)(zhong)國青年出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版社(she)(she)(she)(she)，2004.[3]劉學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)：大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)涯規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)研(yan)(yan)究[J].中(zhong)(zhong)國大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，2007（15）.

【摘要(yao)】隨著社會對人才(cai)需求的變化和(he)學(xue)校(xiao)對人才(cai)培養(yang)目標的重新定(ding)位，實習(xi)教(jiao)學(xue)改(gai)革(ge)勢在必行。本(ben)(ben)文對工商管理類應用型本(ben)(ben)科(ke)實習(xi)教(jiao)學(xue)改(gai)革(ge)的實踐經(jing)驗進(jin)行了(le)闡述(shu)，提出實習(xi)教(jiao)學(xue)體系改(gai)革(ge)的新思路(lu)。

【關鍵詞】工商管理(li)專業應(ying)用(yong)型本科實習教學改革(ge)

工商管理(li)(li)(li)類應用型(xing)本科的(de)(de)(de)(de)培養目標是培養掌握現代(dai)管理(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)企(qi)業(ye)管理(li)(li)(li)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)(zong)合知(zhi)識，接受企(qi)業(ye)管理(li)(li)(li)方法(fa)與技巧的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本訓練，具有適應激(ji)烈競爭(zheng)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)經營管理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)再學(xue)(xue)習能(neng)力(li)(li)，適應21世紀(ji)經濟和(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)發展需要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具有綜(zong)(zong)合能(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用型(xing)人(ren)才。就(jiu)能(neng)力(li)(li)結構而言，這類專業(ye)不(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌握市場經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)和(he)(he)方法(fa)以及現代(dai)企(qi)業(ye)管理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本原理(li)(li)(li)、方法(fa)和(he)(he)技巧等基礎理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識，而且要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌握運(yun)用科學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)場、觀(guan)點來(lai)觀(guan)察、分析并解(jie)決實(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)(li)。此外，還要(yao)(yao)(yao)培養學(xue)(xue)生吃苦耐勞(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)風和(he)(he)意(yi)志堅強的(de)(de)(de)(de)心理(li)(li)(li)素質(zhi)以及較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)科研、寫(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)表達(da)能(neng)力(li)(li)，也就(jiu)是動(dong)手、動(dong)嘴和(he)(he)動(dong)筆的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)力(li)(li)。理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)獲得，完(wan)全可以通(tong)過課堂(tang)教學(xue)(xue)實(shi)現；但對于實(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)力(li)(li)，就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue)生積極參加(jia)社(she)會(hui)實(shi)踐(jian)，通(tong)過實(shi)習教學(xue)(xue)獲得。

一、認識實習教學環節的改革與實踐

認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)是培(pei)養應(ying)用型工商管理類大學生(sheng)社會(hui)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)重要(yao)環(huan)節。通過實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)可(ke)使學生(sheng)對(dui)自(zi)己所(suo)學專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)和將來可(ke)能(neng)(neng)面向的(de)(de)就業(ye)方(fang)向有(you)一個(ge)初步了(le)解，讓學生(sheng)初步建立起專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)概念和專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)感(gan)(gan)覺，獲(huo)得對(dui)所(suo)學專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)知識(shi)的(de)(de)感(gan)(gan)性認識(shi)，有(you)利于學生(sheng)學習(xi)(xi)目標性的(de)(de)增(zeng)強和后續專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)課程學習(xi)(xi)積極性的(de)(de)提高(gao)。高(gao)校在長期的(de)(de)認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)教學實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)的(de)(de)基礎上，結合實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)地點、經費(fei)和效果等因素，從時間、內容及(ji)方(fang)式等多方(fang)面著(zhu)手(shou)進(jin)行了(le)系統的(de)(de)改革與實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)，建立了(le)相應(ying)的(de)(de)新(xin)模式，規范了(le)認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)工作。

1、建立優質規范的認識實習(xi)基地(di)