人工智能教育范文10篇
時間:2024-05-14 00:55:42
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人工智能時代法學教育變革探析
摘(zhai)要:人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時代的(de)法(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育應(ying)(ying)(ying)該不(bu)斷變革以(yi)適應(ying)(ying)(ying)時代的(de)需(xu)要,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時代對于(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育是(shi)挑戰(zhan)也是(shi)機(ji)遇(yu),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)并不(bu)能(neng)完全取代法(fa)(fa)律(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)職業,對于(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)職業的(de)挑戰(zhan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該注重法(fa)(fa)律(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)素養的(de)培養。法(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育應(ying)(ying)(ying)積極擁抱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)科(ke)技(ji)帶來的(de)機(ji)遇(yu),變革法(fa)(fa)律(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)素養的(de)培養方(fang)式,積極的(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)于(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)中(zhong),加強人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)與法(fa)(fa)學(xue)融(rong)合的(de)課程建設,注重人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)的(de)法(fa)(fa)學(xue)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育,明確主次地位并在法(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育中(zhong)不(bu)斷進行價值糾偏,以(yi)契(qi)合人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時代社(she)會轉型的(de)法(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育需(xu)求(qiu),培養出具(ju)有較高法(fa)(fa)律(lv)素養的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時代法(fa)(fa)治人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才。
關鍵(jian)詞:人(ren)工智能;法學教育;教育改(gai)革(ge);法律(lv)素(su)養;法律(lv)職業
人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)科技(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)到一(yi)定(ding)(ding)層次孕(yun)育(yu)而生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事物,對(dui)于(yu)利用人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)來解(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作效率及效益(yi)問題(ti)有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幫助,但是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)其他重(zhong)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新興事物一(yi)樣給(gei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會帶來觀(guan)念和(he)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)沖擊(ji),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)對(dui)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會需求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)應(ying)(ying),這(zhe)(zhe)種不(bu)(bu)可(ke)逆化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情形,需要人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)在運用人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)斷升級對(dui)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),做(zuo)好風險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)范和(he)即將到來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處理。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)以理性、邏輯與(yu)注重(zhong)現(xian)實存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)密切相關,法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)應(ying)(ying)該對(dui)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)會中(zhong)出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視角(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)應(ying)(ying),“法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)決(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)著法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)應(ying)(ying)該如(ru)何進(jin)(jin)行(xing)①”,法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)中(zhong)對(dui)于(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養應(ying)(ying)該契合人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)對(dui)于(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)提出了新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)在回(hui)(hui)應(ying)(ying)這(zhe)(zhe)些問題(ti)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)僅僅停留在事物認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面,諸如(ru)只言及人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)會取代(dai)(dai)(dai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)從業(ye)(ye)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作及人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困境(jing),但是(shi)卻沒有(you)根據人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點(dian)和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階段來深入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哪些工(gong)(gong)(gong)作是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因,以及人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在什么(me)階段可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)于(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)形成全(quan)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊(ji)等。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)對(dui)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適用程度(du)決(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程度(du),決(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)了法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)職業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前景與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)命,更決(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)變革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)與(yu)進(jin)(jin)路。
一、人工智能(neng)特點(dian)的認知和對(dui)法學教育(yu)的沖(chong)擊與思考
1.人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)特(te)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):以(yi)(yi)(yi)“意(yi)(yi)識(shi)”為(wei)展(zhan)(zhan)開核心(xin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)很多(duo)種(zhong)表達(da),如(ru)“用機器來(lai)(lai)(lai)承擔通常需(xu)(xu)要人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)完(wan)(wan)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong),運(yun)用計算機來(lai)(lai)(lai)探索(suo)(suo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)模(mo)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺及(ji)思(si)維(wei)過(guo)程規(gui)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)門學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)①”;“亦稱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)。計算機系統具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、推理(li)(li)判斷、解(jie)決問(wen)題、記(ji)憶知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)了(le)解(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)語言的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。②”;“探索(suo)(suo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)模(mo)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)思(si)維(wei)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),進(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)設計出(chu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)似人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某些智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)③”;“利用電腦(nao)模(mo)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)腦(nao)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)門新興學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke),是(shi)計算機科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分支之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。它可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)替(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)某些操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye),從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)科(ke)研(yan)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)或(huo)執行(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)任(ren)務(wu)④”。顯然(ran)(ran)(ran)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)描述(shu),迄今為(wei)止在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)領域并(bing)(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個被(bei)廣泛(fan)接(jie)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難不(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表述(shu),而(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)詞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)上(shang)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)偏差⑤。但是(shi)值得(de)注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)將(jiang)其限(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)”、“科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”、“能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力”上(shang)來(lai)(lai)(lai)解(jie)釋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)未(wei)超(chao)出(chu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)度,以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)限(xian)視角(jiao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)觀察人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)科(ke)技(ji)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)階段(duan)所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平相關,隨著人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)化(hua)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也會帶來(lai)(lai)(lai)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)擊。以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)凝結的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產物(wu),與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)主(zhu)體之間(jian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著鴻(hong)(hong)溝,那(nei)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)具(ju)備其“獨立(li)(li)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)”。正(zheng)(zheng)如(ru)很多(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)威脅(xie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)挑戰⑥,可(ke)(ke)是(shi)按照目前人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平來(lai)(lai)(lai)看,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)威脅(xie)論(lun)被(bei)夸大(da)(da)了(le),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“奇點”并(bing)(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)來(lai)(lai)(lai)臨⑦。“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)還有(you)(you)(you)最后一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)防線——自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統都沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)意(yi)(yi)識(shi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切都是(shi)按照程序的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安排,因(yin)此對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危險不(bu)(bu)必(bi)過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)擔憂(you)。⑧”,“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要想進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)反叛,首先就(jiu)(jiu)必(bi)須獲得(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠理(li)(li)解(jie)什(shen)么是(shi)“反叛”并(bing)(bing)(bing)把(ba)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主(zhu)體自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)身與(yu)(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)控制者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)區(qu)分開來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立(li)(li)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)①”,顯然(ran)(ran)(ran)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)暫時(shi)(shi)做不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)賦予人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)“意(yi)(yi)識(shi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,畢(bi)竟人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)身意(yi)(yi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也有(you)(you)(you)局限(xian)性(xing)②,再者人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)限(xian)性(xing)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)不(bu)(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)事(shi)(shi)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恐(kong)懼,從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)放大(da)(da)了(le)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)威脅(xie)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)渲(xuan)染,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)形(xing)式上(shang)采取(qu)保(bao)守(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態度對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),反映到(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)會導致人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狹隘被(bei)延長,影響(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)文(wen)明水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)果不(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)深入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)了(le)解(jie),更加(jia)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)科(ke)技(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)話的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已融(rong)入(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會生活(huo)(huo)中(zhong),法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)中(zhong)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社會生活(huo)(huo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)聯系比(bi)較緊(jin)密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),應該(gai)積極擁抱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),加(jia)強在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教育(yu)領域對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)特(te)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秩序運(yun)行(xing)(xing),提(ti)(ti)(ti)供人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秩序選擇(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最優方(fang)案(an)。2.人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)擊。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)探索(suo)(suo)與(yu)(yu)模(mo)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺及(ji)思(si)維(wei)過(guo)程,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此基礎上(shang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、推理(li)(li)判斷,進(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)解(jie)決問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)誕生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初衷是(shi)為(wei)了(le)服務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei),提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)率(lv),以(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)獲得(de)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質生活(huo)(huo)水(shui)平。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)運(yun)用到(dao)(dao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領域里(li)(li),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)運(yun)用海量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)數(shu)據來(lai)(lai)(lai)幫(bang)助人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)完(wan)(wan)成法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)個過(guo)程中(zhong)會帶來(lai)(lai)(lai)市場對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)職(zhi)業(ye)需(xu)(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改變,法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)不(bu)(bu)需(xu)(xu)要太多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者,對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)由人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)來(lai)(lai)(lai)完(wan)(wan)成而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)選擇(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)力成本更高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),這(zhe)樣(yang)必(bi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)導致大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)失(shi)業(ye),如(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)檢索(suo)(suo)與(yu)(yu)咨詢,幫(bang)助法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)者進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)案(an)件預測(ce)并(bing)(bing)(bing)輔(fu)助量刑,同時(shi)(shi)參與(yu)(yu)合同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起草與(yu)(yu)審查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)等③。美(mei)國學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次調查(cha)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)未(wei)來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10到(dao)(dao)20年較短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)內,有(you)(you)(you)47%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)風險類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)別里(li)(li),而(er)(er)(er)(er)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)師助理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)助理(li)(li)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)師在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)被(bei)替(ti)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)風險類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)別里(li)(li)面(mian)(可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)被(bei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)完(wan)(wan)全取(qu)代(dai)),而(er)(er)(er)(er)依(yi)賴律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)師助理(li)(li)或(huo)者助理(li)(li)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)師因(yin)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)創造性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社會智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程瓶頸(jing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)完(wan)(wan)全取(qu)代(dai)④。鑒于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)具(ju)備完(wan)(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)意(yi)(yi)識(shi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)之間(jian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“鴻(hong)(hong)溝”——獨立(li)(li)意(yi)(yi)識(shi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)代(dai)替(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)與(yu)(yu)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),故而(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)職(zhi)業(ye)并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)會被(bei)完(wan)(wan)全取(qu)代(dai)。設想如(ru)果人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)將(jiang)來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)突破(po)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桎梏而(er)(er)(er)(er)孕育(yu)出(chu)了(le)“獨立(li)(li)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)”,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)也在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao),法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也會獲得(de)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)素(su)養(yang)(yang),相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主(zhu)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)會遜(xun)色。“法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命(ming)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)改善對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)正(zheng)(zheng)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)(li)⑤”,細化(hua)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅守(shou)、改善和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升,那(nei)么法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)使命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就(jiu)(jiu)需(xu)(xu)要大(da)(da)量法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)者具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)素(su)養(yang)(yang)。面(mian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)擊法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變革方(fang)向(xiang)應該(gai)是(shi)更加(jia)注(zhu)重(zhong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)素(su)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養(yang)(yang),畢(bi)竟相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說其在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)“意(yi)(yi)識(shi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下是(shi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產生較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)素(su)養(yang)(yang),不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)職(zhi)業(ye)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)創新性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社會性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為(wei),自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)難以(yi)(yi)(yi)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)所承載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命(ming),不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)完(wan)(wan)全取(qu)代(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)職(zhi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。
二、人工(gong)智能時代法律(lv)素養的(de)培養與法學(xue)教育的(de)改革
高校人工智能+會計教育探討
隨著國內新基(ji)(ji)(ji)建時(shi)代的(de)到來,人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能必將迎來飛速(su)發(fa)展,會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)行(xing)業(ye)雖然屬于傳(chuan)統行(xing)業(ye),但由(you)于工(gong)(gong)作性質和(he)特點,基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)崗(gang)位必然被人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能大量取代,會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)教(jiao)育如何改(gai)革以(yi)培養(yang)適(shi)合新基(ji)(ji)(ji)建時(shi)代的(de)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才,是眾多(duo)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)教(jiao)育者共同關注(zhu)的(de)問(wen)(wen)題,也需要對(dui)此展開積極地研究與探(tan)索。面(mian)對(dui)撲面(mian)而來的(de)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能大潮(chao),高校需要轉變教(jiao)育理念,加強(qiang)師資隊(dui)伍建設,促進(jin)學生理論知(zhi)識與實踐經驗(yan)深度融合,培養(yang)社(she)企需求的(de)復(fu)合型會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才。因此,本文著重對(dui)新基(ji)(ji)(ji)建時(shi)代人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能高速(su)發(fa)展的(de)背景下,高校會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)專業(ye)的(de)實踐教(jiao)學改(gai)革遇到的(de)問(wen)(wen)題和(he)改(gai)進(jin)策略(lve)進(jin)行(xing)初步探(tan)究。
一、人工智能會計的(de)發展歷程
(一(yi)(yi))人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),世(shi)(shi)(shi)界上第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)的(de)(de)出(chu)現,為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提供了(le)必要(yao)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎;1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),圖(tu)靈在(zai)《計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)器(qi)與(yu)(yu)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)》書(shu)中提出(chu)了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)的(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing);1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),Newell和Simon制作的(de)(de)“邏輯專(zhuan)家(jia)”程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu),被(bei)公認為(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界上第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu);1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),“AI”一(yi)(yi)詞首次在(zai)Dartmouth學會(hui)上提出(chu),這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)領域也被(bei)正式命(ming)名為(wei)(wei)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)搜(sou)索法和邏輯法,初期(qi)搜(sou)索主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于機(ji)器(qi)翻譯、定(ding)理(li)證(zheng)明、跳棋(qi)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)等(deng),1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)跳棋(qi)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)已經(jing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)擊敗人(ren)(ren)(ren)類最(zui)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)棋(qi)手,而(er)(er)機(ji)器(qi)翻譯至今依然是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)要(yao)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)領域之一(yi)(yi);1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),斯坦福研(yan)究(jiu)所研(yan)發(fa)(fa)出(chu)了(le)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)根據(ju)環境(jing)來自我判斷移動的(de)(de)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren);20世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai),知(zhi)識專(zhuan)家(jia)等(deng)系(xi)統(tong)迅猛發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)并被(bei)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于各個(ge)(ge)領域,創造了(le)很(hen)大的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益;20世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai),人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)入了(le)以(yi)知(zhi)識為(wei)(wei)中心的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階段;20世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai),隨著互聯(lian)網(wang)的(de)(de)飛(fei)速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)也由主要(yao)針(zhen)對單一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)體(ti)的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)過(guo)渡到(dao)了(le)基(ji)(ji)于網(wang)絡(luo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)分布(bu)式人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)研(yan)究(jiu),逐漸與(yu)(yu)數(shu)據(ju)庫、多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)等(deng)主流技術相融合,變得(de)(de)更加的(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)與(yu)(yu)生活化(hua);1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“深藍(lan)”擊敗國際(ji)象棋(qi)冠(guan)軍卡斯帕羅(luo)夫,2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“AlphaGo”擊敗圍棋(qi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界冠(guan)軍李世(shi)(shi)(shi)石均是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)標志性(xing)(xing)事(shi)件。到(dao)目(mu)前(qian)為(wei)(wei)止,人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已經(jing)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)怎樣表(biao)示知(zhi)識、怎么(me)獲得(de)(de)并使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)知(zhi)識的(de)(de)學科,也是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)如(ru)何通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)去做只(zhi)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)做的(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)學科。(二(er))新基(ji)(ji)建時代(dai)(dai)下(xia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)會(hui)計(ji)教育(yu)的(de)(de)必要(yao)性(xing)(xing)。會(hui)計(ji)行業(ye)未(wei)來在(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)背景下(xia)從會(hui)計(ji)核(he)算(suan)(suan)角度(du)來說(shuo),首先(xian)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)脫離會(hui)計(ji)專(zhuan)業(ye)性(xing)(xing),也就是(shi)(shi)基(ji)(ji)于會(hui)計(ji)準則記(ji)賬(zhang)。基(ji)(ji)于會(hui)計(ji)核(he)算(suan)(suan)具(ju)有(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing),比如(ru)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)費用(yong)(yong)(yong),在(zai)兩個(ge)(ge)公司(si)記(ji)賬(zhang)的(de)(de)內容基(ji)(ji)本是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)致的(de)(de),反映到(dao)報表(biao)項(xiang)目(mu)也是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)致的(de)(de),但針(zhen)對每個(ge)(ge)公司(si)業(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)獨(du)特性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)可替代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)。例如(ru)房地產開發(fa)(fa)公司(si),需(xu)要(yao)在(zai)成(cheng)本上有(you)更多(duo)的(de)(de)二(er)級科目(mu)核(he)算(suan)(suan)要(yao)求(qiu),就是(shi)(shi)更多(duo)的(de)(de)分類,比如(ru)建工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本、土地成(cheng)本等(deng),而(er)(er)廣告公司(si)需(xu)要(yao)按每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)客(ke)戶(hu)核(he)算(suan)(suan)毛(mao)利(li),首先(xian)就有(you)增加按客(ke)戶(hu)輔助核(he)算(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu),不(bu)同特性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)業(ye)務(wu)就要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行事(shi)前(qian)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)設(she)置(zhi)。所以(yi)在(zai)機(ji)器(qi)記(ji)賬(zhang)之前(qian),需(xu)要(yao)專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)去定(ding)義(yi)軟件的(de)(de)科目(mu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),而(er)(er)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)模板(ban)或者幾個(ge)(ge)模板(ban)可以(yi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)不(bu)同行業(ye)。原因是(shi)(shi)在(zai)實際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景下(xia),每個(ge)(ge)公司(si)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)同,有(you)的(de)(de)沒有(you)那么(me)高的(de)(de)管理(li)要(yao)求(qiu),而(er)(er)有(you)的(de)(de)公司(si)需(xu)要(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)會(hui)計(ji)核(he)算(suan)(suan)實現管理(li)數(shu)據(ju)需(xu)求(qiu)。這(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員在(zai)此(ci)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。所以(yi)高校培養的(de)(de)新興會(hui)計(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才就是(shi)(shi)復合型會(hui)計(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才,要(yao)具(ju)有(you)多(duo)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)業(ye)務(wu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),比如(ru)數(shu)據(ju)分析能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、交流談(tan)判能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、跨(kua)領域信息處理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)等(deng),確保他們(men)在(zai)社會(hui)上的(de)(de)價值(zhi)。
二、新(xin)基建時(shi)代下人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)對會計行業及高校會計教育帶來的(de)影響
財務(wu)(wu)機器人(ren)(ren)在會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)師事(shi)務(wu)(wu)所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用,標志著人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術已經開(kai)始滲透進了(le)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)領域。由于會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)事(shi)務(wu)(wu)里(li)包含了(le)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)復性(xing)、標準性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),所(suo)以(yi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)受到(dao)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊也(ye)(ye)是(shi)十分(fen)強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出路在哪里(li),會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)在未來(lai)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)具(ju)備怎樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)素質(zhi)與(yu)能(neng)(neng)力才(cai)不會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)被人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)所(suo)取(qu)代,如(ru)何培(pei)養(yang)這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai),這(zhe)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)全體(ti)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教育者(zhe)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)思考(kao)和探索,并亟需(xu)(xu)(xu)解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。之(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)說人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)沖擊大,一(yi)個(ge)關鍵原因(yin)就是(shi)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)改變(bian)(bian)了(le)傳統支付(fu)方(fang)式如(ru)現(xian)金結算、支票結算等,而被更快更安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)支付(fu)、網絡(luo)轉(zhuan)賬所(suo)替代,現(xian)金出納甚至會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)在未來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某天(tian)變(bian)(bian)為(wei)歷史,這(zhe)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)崗位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構成是(shi)一(yi)項重(zhong)(zhong)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)革。同(tong)(tong)時新基建時代下人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)展也(ye)(ye)推動了(le)財務(wu)(wu)云的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步,間接改變(bian)(bian)了(le)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)核算工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju),因(yin)此(ci)也(ye)(ye)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)財務(wu)(wu)流(liu)程(cheng)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)重(zhong)(zhong)塑;財務(wu)(wu)共享中心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建立也(ye)(ye)使得(de)傳統會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)從企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核算中逐步脫離,也(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)導致會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)組織形(xing)式隨(sui)之(zhi)改變(bian)(bian)。人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未來(lai)發(fa)展帶來(lai)了(le)巨大影響,也(ye)(ye)就意味著未來(lai)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求與(yu)之(zhi)前不同(tong)(tong):人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確、耐(nai)勞、高效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)夠極大提高會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效(xiao)率與(yu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)信息質(zhi)量(liang),基礎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)核算崗位必然被不斷壓縮,企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求數量(liang)與(yu)質(zhi)量(liang)也(ye)(ye)相應改變(bian)(bian)。高校(xiao)作(zuo)為(wei)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)陣地,也(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)隨(sui)之(zhi)對(dui)教學模(mo)式、教學目標、教授(shou)課程(cheng)等各方(fang)面(mian)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)改變(bian)(bian),調整會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養(yang)模(mo)式,以(yi)適應社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求。
三、面(mian)向人工智能高校(xiao)會計教育課(ke)程教學改革措施與(yu)實(shi)踐
人工智能時代創新教育的轉向
摘要(yao):人工(gong)智能(neng)正(zheng)從學習(xi)主(zhu)客體(ti)地位的(de)不確定性和學習(xi)場景的(de)可能(neng)性兩個方面挑戰經典的(de)知(zhi)識學習(xi)路徑,形成了多元的(de)知(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)新路徑。該文從剖析(xi)人工(gong)智能(neng)時(shi)(shi)代知(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)新及(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新教(jiao)育的(de)本質入手,揭示了人在創(chuang)(chuang)新活動(dong)中(zhong)主(zhu)體(ti)地位的(de)階梯式消解、人文情懷的(de)缺失以及(ji)評價機(ji)制(zhi)的(de)功利(li)導向與問題(ti)意識的(de)培(pei)養之(zhi)間的(de)矛盾(dun)是人工(gong)智能(neng)時(shi)(shi)代創(chuang)(chuang)新教(jiao)育所面臨(lin)的(de)關鍵(jian)難(nan)題(ti);提出通(tong)過情懷濡化、知(zhi)識內化、角色重構和機(ji)制(zhi)創(chuang)(chuang)新等四(si)個途徑,實(shi)現創(chuang)(chuang)新教(jiao)育在人工(gong)智能(neng)時(shi)(shi)代的(de)轉(zhuan)向。
關鍵詞:人工智能;創新教(jiao)育;問題意識
自(zi)2006年以(yi)來,再(zai)次興起的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)方興未艾(ai),正在(zai)成(cheng)為(wei)推動技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)進步和(he)社(she)會(hui)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵要素(su)。科學(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭,歸根(gen)結底是(shi)(shi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭。創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)作為(wei)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)智(zhi)(zhi)慧的(de)(de)(de)(de)結晶,是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)對(dui)客觀(guan)世界的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)動改(gai)造。作為(wei)一項人(ren)(ren)類(lei)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)不僅正對(dui)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活產生(sheng)顛(dian)覆性的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,更為(wei)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)其對(dui)社(she)會(hui)結構和(he)社(she)會(hui)關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)(shen)度嵌入,突破了(le)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)社(she)會(hui)場中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)被動地(di)位(wei),通過神經(jing)網絡算法的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷完(wan)善,智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)建構了(le)具有(you)類(lei)人(ren)(ren)“智(zhi)(zhi)慧”的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型人(ren)(ren)—機(ji)(ji)互嵌的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)。機(ji)(ji)器學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)已實(shi)現(xian)了(le)以(yi)自(zi)我學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)為(wei)特(te)征的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識運用與(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin),比如,Gamalon公司(si)運用BayesianProgramSynthesis(BPS)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)突破了(le)深(shen)(shen)度學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大數據瓶頸,實(shi)現(xian)了(le)機(ji)(ji)器通過自(zi)主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)完(wan)成(cheng)概率編程的(de)(de)(de)(de)編寫。甚至還有(you)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)家預(yu)測在(zai)未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)強人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)中(zhong),機(ji)(ji)器也(ye)將(jiang)具有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)心智(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)社(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主動介入,使其不再(zai)是(shi)(shi)被動的(de)(de)(de)(de)、為(wei)人(ren)(ren)所驅使的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形態(tai),原(yuan)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)和(he)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)路(lu)徑不得不尋求新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)將(jiang)迎(ying)來新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范式(shi),人(ren)(ren)們(men)必須(xu)重(zhong)新(xin)認識知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)及創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)教育的(de)(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi),創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培養的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)念、模(mo)式(shi)也(ye)需(xu)要根(gen)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)變革。
一、人工智能時代知(zhi)識(shi)學習與創新面臨(lin)的挑戰(zhan)
人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)時代(dai),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰,來(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)于(yu)從(cong)(cong)穩態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)社(she)(she)(she)會向后(hou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)社(she)(she)(she)會過(guo)(guo)渡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)多(duo)(duo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)軔于(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速進(jin)(jin)步及(ji)其(qi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)(du)融合(he)(he),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)機(ji)反饋機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)矛盾在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)時代(dai)已(yi)初(chu)現(xian)(xian)端(duan)倪(ni),比(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)分(fen)享機(ji)制與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)隱私(si)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾等。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)(she)(she)會進(jin)(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基石,隨(sui)(sui)著智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)(she)(she)會介(jie)入(ru)(ru)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深入(ru)(ru),原有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)了(le)(le)(le)該項技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑已(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)顛覆。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)(wei),還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)場(chang)景(jing)(jing)和(he)(he)(he)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑,都在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)具(ju)有自(zi)(zi)我學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊下(xia)面臨著極大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。(一(yi)(yi)(yi))知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適應策略,知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)享一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)得(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、獲取(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存機(ji)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)途(tu)徑。從(cong)(cong)古至今,知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)具(ju),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)共(gong)存于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)(she)(she)會之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi),即主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)單(dan)向遞增的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)完(wan)成(cheng)“知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)—集(ji)成(cheng)—創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),而(er)(er)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、集(ji)成(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顯(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符號或(huo)文(wen)字被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)記載與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承。信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)顛覆傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)組(zu)織模(mo)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時,也(ye)打破(po)了(le)(le)(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均衡態(tai)勢[1]。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)我學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)改變(bian)(bian)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態(tai),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊界(jie)正(zheng)變(bian)(bian)得(de)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)模(mo)糊(hu)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)核心(xin),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)目標(biao)(biao)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遠古的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)繩記事,還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)“師徒制”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)口口相(xiang)授,再(zai)(zai)到(dao)(dao)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)輔(fu)助教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)授知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。這(zhe)種學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)策略將人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)編碼,然(ran)后(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顯(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)實現(xian)(xian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承,其(qi)內(nei)核是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熟(shu)記、領(ling)(ling)悟(wu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)集(ji)成(cheng)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。現(xian)(xian)代(dai)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),需(xu)要(yao)(yao)熟(shu)悉相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)疾病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)癥(zheng),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)結(jie)合(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)我臨床經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗和(he)(he)(he)醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)檢查的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)癥(zheng)下(xia)藥。然(ran)而(er)(er),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),模(mo)糊(hu)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei)。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),隨(sui)(sui)著谷(gu)歌(ge)公司(si)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)醫療領(ling)(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極探(tan)(tan)索,經(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)深度(du)(du)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)快速辨別出(chu)早期糖尿病(bing)(bing)視(shi)(shi)(shi)網膜病(bing)(bing)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跡象并定(ding)位(wei)(wei)癌細胞,其(qi)準(zhun)(zhun)確程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)臨床價值甚(shen)至已(yi)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)夫多(duo)(duo)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗。雖然(ran)谷(gu)歌(ge)公司(si)將其(qi)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“助人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)”,但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)意味(wei)著未來(lai)(lai)(lai)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)合(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)醫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)熟(shu)記繁雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疾病(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)癥(zheng)和(he)(he)(he)影(ying)像(xiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)征呢?人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)介(jie)入(ru)(ru)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)操控的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)域,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)恒靜(jing)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)操控與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)參照的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”,而(er)(er)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)準(zhun)(zhun)靜(jing)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)立博弈格(ge)(ge)局(ju)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)則可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)從(cong)(cong)完(wan)全(quan)(quan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態(tai)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)局(ju)部(bu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態(tai),重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)審視(shi)(shi)(shi)并接受人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)(geng)“高級而(er)(er)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析(xi)或(huo)“更(geng)(geng)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策略指導(dao)。馬(ma)克(ke)思(si)曾(ceng)斷言工(gong)(gong)具(ju)“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)借以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)會關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示器”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介(jie)入(ru)(ru)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從(cong)(cong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)典的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒靜(jing)態(tai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)準(zhun)(zhun)靜(jing)態(tai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示器,突顯(xian)出(chu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞和(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)客(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。(二)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)場(chang)景(jing)(jing)轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)和(he)(he)(he)家庭一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)得(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、獲得(de)規則的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)社(she)(she)(she)會情境(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)際互動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)內(nei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)規則的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)得(de)深受個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)所(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)、家庭狀況(kuang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會氛(fen)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)束縛[2]。長期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai),社(she)(she)(she)會學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)相(xiang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)會化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)歷程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)只(zhi)有在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)會情景(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)真(zhen)實、有效(xiao)。因(yin)而(er)(er),家庭和(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)視(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)培養(yang)心(xin)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、訓(xun)練技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)場(chang)所(suo)。康德(de)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)步來(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)立,其(qi)貢獻(xian)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)[3]。其(qi)背后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邏輯則是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),真(zhen)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)會情景(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)維能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)練,可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)條件式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應答,達(da)到(dao)(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。然(ran)而(er)(er),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)趨勢,使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)腦訓(xun)練過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)真(zhen)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社(she)(she)(she)會環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)必(bi)須的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)會場(chang)景(jing)(jing),面臨著被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)轉(zhuan)移與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)迭代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面,基于(yu)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)虛擬現(xian)(xian)實技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)某些特(te)定(ding)場(chang)所(suo)替(ti)代(dai)真(zhen)實場(chang)景(jing)(jing),完(wan)成(cheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)練和(he)(he)(he)邏輯思(si)維能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)練等。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),飛(fei)行(xing)員在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)模(mo)擬機(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)練雖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)“真(zhen)實”,但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安全(quan)(quan)高效(xiao)。另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)提供了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)培養(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)因(yin)材(cai)施教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)追求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)(biao),但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)場(chang)景(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)培養(yang)卻難于(yu)實現(xian)(xian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)(yong)則使(shi)其(qi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。例如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)展演者(zhe)“阿爾(er)法狗”大(da)(da)(da)獲全(quan)(quan)勝之(zhi)后(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少圍(wei)棋愛好者(zhe)已(yi)開(kai)始(shi)嘗試以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)機(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)弈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)替(ti)代(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高棋藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),已(yi)有越(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔(fu)助手段被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)運用(yong)(yong)于(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)實踐。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),個(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)器作(zuo)業(ye)評閱和(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)文(wen)輔(fu)導(dao)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)場(chang)景(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師介(jie)入(ru)(ru),都在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)弱化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),數(shu)個(ge)世紀以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)—人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”授業(ye)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)正(zheng)更(geng)(geng)迭為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)—機(ji)—人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協同(tong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)。(三)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)方(fang)(fang)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)理性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)思(si)考前提下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)活動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介(jie)入(ru)(ru)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)弱化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei),增加了(le)(le)(le)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)結(jie)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。波蘭尼將知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劃分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)顯(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)隱性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)[4],為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)理解知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)提供了(le)(le)(le)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)視(shi)(shi)(shi)角。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)家庭和(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),必(bi)須通(tong)過(guo)(guo)內(nei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)才會轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)泉。因(yin)而(er)(er),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)維和(he)(he)(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)觀(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)至關(guan)(guan)(guan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。庫恩在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)言及(ji)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時特(te)別強(qiang)調人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)觀(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),指出(chu)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家們(men)“通(tong)常(chang)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)展出(chu)許多(duo)(duo)思(si)辨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)精(jing)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論”,而(er)(er)“這(zhe)些理論本(ben)身(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)指出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)途(tu)徑”[5]。經(jing)(jing)(jing)典的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)從(cong)(cong)試驗到(dao)(dao)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑正(zheng)隨(sui)(sui)著人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介(jie)入(ru)(ru)呈(cheng)現(xian)(xian)出(chu)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)觀(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)貫(guan)通(tong)于(yu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始(shi)終(zhong),但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隨(sui)(sui)著人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)領(ling)(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)(yong),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)效(xiao)率發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)突變(bian)(bian)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角色(se)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)度(du)(du)也(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)觀(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)后(hou)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探(tan)(tan)索性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)試驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)互印(yin)證建(jian)構了(le)(le)(le)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)規路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑,但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)機(ji)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)將使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)率與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)結(jie)果越(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)依(yi)賴(lai)于(yu)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儲(chu)備與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)專業(ye)敏銳度(du)(du)直(zhi)(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)著研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)方(fang)(fang)向與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進(jin)(jin)展。而(er)(er)最(zui)(zui)近,日本(ben)富士通(tong)株式(shi)(shi)會社(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)日本(ben)理化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)將第一(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理計(ji)算(suan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)運用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鋰(li)離(li)子電池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),實現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)資料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)(he)數(shu)據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)更(geng)(geng)多(duo)(duo)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)結(jie)合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)驗證,大(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)(du)提升了(le)(le)(le)鋰(li)電池材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)速度(du)(du)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)效(xiao)率獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)提高,而(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)地(di)位(wei)(wei)從(cong)(cong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“全(quan)(quan)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)(shi)”參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進(jin)(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“環(huan)(huan)(huan)節式(shi)(shi)”或(huo)“節點式(shi)(shi)”參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),深刻地(di)改變(bian)(bian)了(le)(le)(le)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)徑。
二、人工智能背景下(xia)創新教育的本質與動(dong)力(li)源
人工智能技術賦能教育期刊出版現狀
突發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)使社會各行(xing)業遭受(shou)(shou)重(zhong)創,作為教(jiao)(jiao)育期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan),短期(qi)內(nei)受(shou)(shou)疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)影(ying)響(xiang)看(kan)似有限,但(dan)是,我們應該清楚地認(ren)識到,疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)持續過程中,在線教(jiao)(jiao)育、人工智(zhi)能(neng)已(yi)在重(zhong)塑和影(ying)響(xiang)著全世界數以億計人的(de)(de)學(xue)習(xi)方(fang)式(shi)、閱(yue)(yue)讀方(fang)式(shi)。后疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)時代到來(lai),傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)教(jiao)(jiao)育期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)出版單位(wei)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)面(mian)臨著媒體(ti)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)環境、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)變(bian)化,更(geng)面(mian)臨著疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)后教(jiao)(jiao)育信(xin)息化的(de)(de)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),尤其人工智(zhi)能(neng)技術對于師(shi)生在閱(yue)(yue)讀方(fang)式(shi)、教(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)方(fang)式(shi)方(fang)面(mian)產生的(de)(de)深刻(ke)改變(bian)和影(ying)響(xiang)。我們不(bu)(bu)但(dan)要(yao)看(kan)到短期(qi)內(nei)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)出版經營受(shou)(shou)到的(de)(de)直接影(ying)響(xiang),更(geng)要(yao)研(yan)究(jiu)后疫(yi)情(qing)(qing)時代決定教(jiao)(jiao)育期(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)未(wei)來(lai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)顛覆性(xing)力量。
一、疫情影響下的傳統教育出版發展(zhan)狀況
(一)傳統教育出版遭受(shou)重創(chuang)
教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)業在疫情(qing)(qing)發(fa)生之(zhi)后(hou),從內容創作到(dao)(dao)生產(chan)印制,到(dao)(dao)線下(xia)發(fa)行銷售(shou),各個環節都受(shou)到(dao)(dao)不(bu)同程度的沖擊,疫情(qing)(qing)對實(shi)體書店、書展沖擊巨(ju)大,出(chu)(chu)版(ban)社整體圖書銷售(shou)降幅達到(dao)(dao)二至(zhi)五成。疫情(qing)(qing)期(qi)間全國(guo)有90.7%的實(shi)體書店被迫(po)停(ting)業,全國(guo)實(shi)體書店的收入比去年(nian)同期(qi)下(xia)降85%-95%。[1]各家出(chu)(chu)版(ban)單位聚焦抗(kang)疫主題(ti)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)的公益(yi)性出(chu)(chu)版(ban)物,社會效(xiao)益(yi)為(wei)先(xian),經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)基本忽略不(bu)計。面向教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)系(xi)統出(chu)(chu)版(ban)發(fa)行的教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)類(lei)期(qi)刊(kan),因疫情(qing)(qing)防控和去年(nian)上半年(nian)延遲開學(xue)等因素影響,征訂發(fa)行普遍(bian)出(chu)(chu)現下(xia)滑,以江蘇教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)報刊(kan)總社出(chu)(chu)版(ban)的教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)教(jiao)學(xue)類(lei)期(qi)刊(kan)為(wei)例,2020年(nian)同期(qi)發(fa)行量下(xia)降近20%。
(二)教(jiao)育出版數字化轉型“被加速(su)”
疫情期(qi)間(jian)(jian),教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)單位積極響應政府“停(ting)課不(bu)停(ting)學”號召(zhao),主(zhu)動(dong)采取融(rong)媒(mei)體出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)形式,把出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)資源(yuan)通過網絡(luo)送到千(qian)萬(wan)讀者手(shou)中,贏得社(she)會良好口碑。一方面(mian),傳統(tong)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)單位在(zai)疫情期(qi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)物多以融(rong)媒(mei)體電(dian)子版(ban)(ban)(ban)為主(zhu),通過網站以及移動(dong)終端傳輸,另一方面(mian)更重要的(de)是幾乎所(suo)有教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)、大(da)學出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)都(dou)積極落實國(guo)家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部“停(ting)課不(bu)停(ting)學”號召(zhao),主(zhu)動(dong)開放(fang)數字(zi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)資源(yuan)。清華大(da)學出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)免費開放(fang)文(wen)泉學堂(tang),提供優質高等教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)資源(yuan)3萬(wan)余種;免費開放(fang)多功能教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學平臺(tai)文(wen)泉課堂(tang),支持(chi)微(wei)信端、移動(dong)端進行在(zai)線課堂(tang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學應用。
人工智能高等教育學論文
摘要(yao):近年來,經濟與科技(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)深度融(rong)合發展(zhan),人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)能技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)重要(yao)作(zuo)用日益突(tu)出。高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)為人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)能發展(zhan)提供高(gao)端人(ren)(ren)才,同時利用人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)能技(ji)(ji)術發展(zhan)促進自身的(de)(de)發展(zhan),在提升(sheng)管理(li)效率、改革教學內容(rong)和教學方(fang)法方(fang)面推進著高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)的(de)(de)發展(zhan),優化學習者的(de)(de)學習體驗(yan)。
關(guan)鍵(jian)詞:人工(gong)智(zhi)能;高等學(xue)(xue)校;教學(xue)(xue)改(gai)革
隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)“智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)+”時代的(de)到(dao)來,人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)正逐步深入影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)社會各階(jie)層的(de)改革(ge)和(he)運作。要堅持把教育(yu)(yu)(yu)擺在優先發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)作為培(pei)養高(gao)質(zhi)量人(ren)力資本的(de)主要方式,更應該(gai)高(gao)度重(zhong)視(shi)。EDUCAUSE四月的(de)《地(di)平線報告(2019高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)版)》,預測(ce)了(le)2019-2023年間可(ke)能(neng)(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)全球高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)應用的(de)六(liu)大(da)趨勢、六(liu)大(da)挑(tiao)戰和(he)六(liu)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)大(da)數據的(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),未來高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)將影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)機構的(de)運作、推動(dong)課(ke)程建設(she)(she)改革(ge)和(he)分解、學(xue)(xue)習(xi)空間和(he)混合學(xue)(xue)習(xi)設(she)(she)計等(deng)(deng)方面,高(gao)等(deng)(deng)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)將戛來越重(zhong)視(shi)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)效果和(he)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)體現。[1]根據“教育(yu)(yu)(yu)信息(xi)化‘十三五’規劃”,到(dao)2020年要基本建成“人(ren)人(ren)皆(jie)學(xue)(xue)、處(chu)處(chu)能(neng)(neng)學(xue)(xue)、時時可(ke)學(xue)(xue)”的(de)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)信息(xi)化體系。那么,高(gao)等(deng)(deng)學(xue)(xue)校該(gai)如(ru)何(he)應用新的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu),以更好地(di)提高(gao)高(gao)等(deng)(deng)學(xue)(xue)校辦學(xue)(xue)質(zhi)量,提升辦學(xue)(xue)效率,節省教育(yu)(yu)(yu)成本,是高(gao)等(deng)(deng)學(xue)(xue)校管理者急需思(si)考和(he)解決的(de)問題(ti)。
一、人工智能發展現(xian)狀
人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是基(ji)于(yu)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究,用(yong)(yong)(yong)來研究開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)并模(mo)擬、延(yan)伸人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思維過程(cheng)和(he)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)行為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新興(xing)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),涉及計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、心理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、哲學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)語言學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科,主要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)實現社(she)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中更高(gao)層(ceng)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。[2]人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)從(cong)1956年誕生(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)現在(zai),經過了起步發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)期、反思發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、低迷發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、穩步發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)蓬勃發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)六個(ge)時(shi)期60多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。從(cong)經典控(kong)(kong)制論(lun)(lun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)專家智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)制理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)和(he)模(mo)糊邏(luo)輯控(kong)(kong)制論(lun)(lun)等(deng)若干分支理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)。[3]人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)研究范圍已(yi)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超出了計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范疇,從(cong)簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單項(xiang)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)(dao)多功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)復合應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong),正(zheng)(zheng)深(shen)度與社(she)會生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)各(ge)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)融合。如今(jin),人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已(yi)經成(cheng)為(wei)各(ge)國(guo)核(he)心競爭力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部分。人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作為(wei)新一輪技(ji)(ji)術革命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要支撐未來將(jiang)更深(shen)入(ru)地(di)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)(dao)各(ge)種社(she)會需求當中。美國(guo)《國(guo)家人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)戰略(lve)規劃》提(ti)出人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang):1.在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)法(fa)環節(jie)和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)設(she)計(ji)方(fang)面(mian)(mian):應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術,提(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習者體驗水(shui)平。2.改變人(ren)(ren)(ren)才培養(yang)目標和(he)管理(li)(li)模(mo)式:提(ti)倡(chang)在(zai)各(ge)階段教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(包括基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)、高(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)及繼續教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu))以培養(yang)具備軟(ruan)硬技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才為(wei)目標,同時(shi)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管理(li)(li)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術提(ti)高(gao)效率。自(zi)2008年經濟危機(ji)后,美國(guo)不斷削減教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)經費,一些院校開始嘗試借助人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術來解決經費不足及與學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)溝通(tong)等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題,比如海洋(yang)郡學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院借助善于(yu)交(jiao)談(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)聊天機(ji)器人(ren)(ren)(ren)緩解了入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)率連續下降的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。由此可(ke)見人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)正(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)影(ying)響(xiang)著(zhu)美國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),也將(jiang)影(ying)響(xiang)世界教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),也將(jiang)對(dui)我國(guo)高(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)深(shen)遠(yuan)影(ying)響(xiang)。
二(er)、我國高等教育發展現狀
人工智能小學信息技術教育內容之嬗變
當(dang)今時(shi)(shi)(shi)代,人工智(zhi)能技(ji)術發展迅速,與(yu)此同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),它對全(quan)體(ti)社會公民的(de)素(su)質又有了進一步(bu)的(de)要求(qiu),所(suo)以這就需要在小(xiao)學階段培養學生的(de)信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術能力。筆者通過對每個時(shi)(shi)(shi)期信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術教育內容(rong)的(de)解讀,分析每個時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)段信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術教育的(de)培養重點,為(wei)今后信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術的(de)教育打下良好(hao)的(de)基礎。
人工智能與信息技術教(jiao)育
人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)出現是人(ren)(ren)類發(fa)展(zhan)史(shi)上(shang)的(de)(de)一個重要(yao)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)折點(dian)。2016年國家發(fa)改委聯合(he)科技(ji)(ji)部在(zai)共(gong)同制定并《“互(hu)聯網+”人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)三年行(xing)動(dong)實施方案》,將人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)定位為國家實現信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)強國的(de)(de)重要(yao)推(tui)動(dong)力(li)量(liang)。由此可見,人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)教(jiao)育(yu)(AI教(jiao)育(yu))是當(dang)今人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)時代最有(you)發(fa)展(zhan)潛力(li)的(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)內(nei)容。所以,推(tui)進中(zhong)小學校(xiao)學生學習(xi)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)教(jiao)育(yu),使(shi)學生形成(cheng)相應的(de)(de)思維學習(xi)模式(shi)就是當(dang)今信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)首要(yao)任務。信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)培(pei)養目標、培(pei)養內(nei)容、培(pei)養方式(shi)與(yu)相應的(de)(de)評(ping)價模式(shi)都(dou)應該順應人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)進行(xing)改變。
小(xiao)學信息技(ji)術教育課程內容的(de)演(yan)變(bian)
20世(shi)(shi)紀80年(nian)(nian)代初,國(guo)外學(xue)(xue)(xue)者提出“程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序設計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)二(er)文化(hua)”,以此(ci)為(wei)契機(ji)(ji)(ji),國(guo)家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)部開(kai)始進(jin)行(xing)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)選修(xiu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)實(shi)(shi)驗,我國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)開(kai)始出現(xian)(xian)。1994年(nian)(nian)國(guo)家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)委文件(jian)(jian)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)指導綱要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(試行(xing))》,三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)后(hou)頒布(bu)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)指導綱要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(修(xiu)訂(ding)稿)》。文件(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求將計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規劃入從小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)至高中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)系中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。2000年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)末國(guo)家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)部舉行(xing)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)會議(yi)(yi),會議(yi)(yi)主題(ti)(ti)圍繞計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),會議(yi)(yi)通過并頒布(bu)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)《關于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)普及信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知》等一系列重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)文件(jian)(jian)。與(yu)此(ci)同(tong)(tong)時,課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)稱也(ye)正(zheng)式(shi)確(que)定(ding)(ding)為(wei)“計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,這(zhe)表(biao)明我國(guo)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)已被(bei)納入國(guo)家正(zheng)式(shi)基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),因為(wei)名(ming)稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)定(ding)(ding),課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位也(ye)更(geng)加清晰(xi),確(que)定(ding)(ding)從小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)起,正(zheng)式(shi)開(kai)始普及計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。同(tong)(tong)時,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)部也(ye)明確(que)規定(ding)(ding),爭取在(zai)(zai)全(quan)國(guo)范圍內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校開(kai)設信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。從信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)來看,20世(shi)(shi)紀80年(nian)(nian)代初,計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)被(bei)稱為(wei)“計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)占主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)部分,大(da)(da)致分為(wei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)作原理(li)、編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)語言、軟硬(ying)件(jian)(jian)結構、數據庫管(guan)理(li)等幾大(da)(da)板塊。而(er)(er)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)也(ye)出現(xian)(xian)變化(hua),課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)由最初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)重(zhong)(zhong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)逐步(bu)轉向為(wei)大(da)(da)眾化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),具(ju)體(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)指計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本操作使(shi)用(yong),包括對文字表(biao)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處理(li)、如何制作幻燈片、如何進(jin)行(xing)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢索與(yu)收集等,培養(yang)(yang)(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)掌(zhang)握相應技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)知識(shi)(shi)(shi),形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)(shi)際操作能(neng)(neng)力(li),達(da)到(dao)簡(jian)單操作計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級水(shui)平。進(jin)入21世(shi)(shi)紀之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)更(geng)加迅速,所以在(zai)(zai)2003年(nian)(nian)提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)素(su)養(yang)(yang)(yang)”是(shi)(shi)當(dang)今學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)甚至全(quan)體(ti)(ti)社(she)會公民都必須(xu)具(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)素(su)養(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)一,同(tong)(tong)時,信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必修(xiu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)階(jie)段(duan)掌(zhang)握信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收集、加工(gong)并管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa),使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)交流過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)效解(jie)決(jue)問題(ti)(ti),并引(yin)導學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)進(jin)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)際探(tan)究和交流,使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)踐活(huo)動中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)掌(zhang)握解(jie)決(jue)問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa),形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)解(jie)決(jue)問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意識(shi)(shi)(shi),認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)對解(jie)決(jue)問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性。近些年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)部越來越重(zhong)(zhong)視中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),提出并構建三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)好(hao)(hao)創(chuang)(chuang)智編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)好(hao)(hao)創(chuang)(chuang)智編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)具(ju)有(you)五個全(quan)國(guo)首創(chuang)(chuang)特色:第(di)(di)一,“硬(ying)件(jian)(jian)+軟件(jian)(jian)+情境+三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)好(hao)(hao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長評價”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)模式(shi);第(di)(di)二(er),契合(he)國(guo)家當(dang)今高考信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)科目(mu)考試的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)(shi)(shi)點,使(shi)孩(hai)子具(ju)有(you)強大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭力(li);第(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san),提供人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)器人(ren),培養(yang)(yang)(yang)孩(hai)子學(xue)(xue)(xue)習計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知識(shi)(shi)(shi);第(di)(di)四,采用(yong)“老師+學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)+家長”三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者聯合(he)互(hu)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)制,從而(er)(er)保(bao)障課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)進(jin)行(xing);第(di)(di)五,采用(yong)“三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)好(hao)(hao)(好(hao)(hao)習慣、好(hao)(hao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績、好(hao)(hao)素(su)養(yang)(yang)(yang))”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評價體(ti)(ti)系,屬于全(quan)國(guo)首創(chuang)(chuang)。另一大(da)(da)突破是(shi)(shi)編(bian)(bian)(bian)寫《三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)維創(chuang)(chuang)智編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)校本課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)》,《三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)維創(chuang)(chuang)智編(bian)(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)校本課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)標(biao)志著我國(guo)人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)逐步(bu)進(jin)入主流教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)列。
小學信息技術教(jiao)育課程內(nei)容
視覺交互對人工智能教育的應用
摘要:從基(ji)礎形態和構成(cheng)視(shi)(shi)角分(fen)析人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)教育的應(ying)用形態,闡述人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)教育應(ying)用視(shi)(shi)覺交互方式,人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)教育視(shi)(shi)覺應(ying)用效果,進一步提(ti)(ti)高視(shi)(shi)角空(kong)間可變屬性(xing)(xing),增強(qiang)意向對象可見效果,提(ti)(ti)升交互賦能(neng)(neng)智(zhi)(zhi)慧內核,優(you)化(hua)人(ren)智(zhi)(zhi)交互輔(fu)助功能(neng)(neng)。結合實踐(jian)研究,探討提(ti)(ti)升人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)教育視(shi)(shi)覺應(ying)用策略:注重(zhong)理論向實踐(jian)轉化(hua)效果,提(ti)(ti)升學習的可見性(xing)(xing);突(tu)出(chu)個性(xing)(xing)差異精準優(you)化(hua),提(ti)(ti)升主(zhu)體(ti)教學有效性(xing)(xing);融合智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)內核,適(shi)應(ying)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)的交互環境。
關鍵詞:人工智(zhi)能,視覺交(jiao)互,學習的可見性,個性差異,精準(zhun)優化
隨著(zhu)大(da)數據、物聯網、智能(neng)(neng)AI技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展(zhan),人工智能(neng)(neng)逐漸成為基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)服務系(xi)(xi)統,在考核評價、智能(neng)(neng)輔導、分析預測、個性化(hua)自適應系(xi)(xi)統等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)取得(de)前(qian)所未有的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。新冠疫(yi)情(qing)發生后(hou),我(wo)國(guo)小學教(jiao)育(yu)進入(ru)到“線(xian)上教(jiao)學發展(zhan)階段”,釘釘、騰訊課堂及(ji)其他(ta)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)聯網企(qi)業都(dou)推出自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)類App,表面(mian)上屬于教(jiao)育(yu)類軟件的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用范疇,但實(shi)際上背(bei)后(hou)涉及(ji)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人工智能(neng)(neng)互(hu)動(dong)技(ji)術。目前(qian),我(wo)國(guo)正進行“人—智”互(hu)動(dong)技(ji)術研(yan)發,取得(de)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)研(yan)究成果,在“5G”技(ji)術全面(mian)發展(zhan)后(hou),百(bai)度與華為提出《5G+人工智能(neng)(neng)工業視(shi)覺(jue)解決方(fang)案白皮書》,為人工智能(neng)(neng)教(jiao)育(yu)應用視(shi)覺(jue)交互(hu)發展(zhan)指明方(fang)向。
1人工智能教育的應用形態
1.1人工智能教育基礎形(xing)態分析
了(le)解人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)育應用(yong)(yong)形態,必須(xu)要充(chong)分考量教(jiao)(jiao)育領域人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)軟(ruan)件(jian)開發的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)指標。Bakeretal(2019)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)育類(lei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)如(ru)下:智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)虛擬現(xian)(xian)實、協作學(xue)(xue)習智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)支(zhi)持(chi)系(xi)統(tong)及(ji)私人(ren)(ren)(ren)導師(shi)等(deng)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)育系(xi)統(tong)在基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)上(shang)具有多樣(yang)化特(te)征,能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠計算、感知、存(cun)儲、表征以(yi)及(ji)衍生的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)理、識(shi)別、表達等(deng)。通過教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)實踐(jian)的(de)(de)(de)分析,結合目(mu)前(qian)技(ji)術發展條件(jian),認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)當前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)育基礎形態可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)概(gai)括為(wei)(wei)(wei):智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)具、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環境(jing)、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管理者、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)學(xue)(xue)伴等(deng)等(deng)。不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)場(chang)景有著不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)內核(he),在人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)加持(chi)下,基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育應用(yong)(yong)領域創新已經(jing)開始出現(xian)(xian)質變。例如(ru),小學(xue)(xue)生線上(shang)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)釘釘、騰訊課堂;猿輔導、作業(ye)幫等(deng)提(ti)供解題的(de)(de)(de)App以(yi)及(ji)小七學(xue)(xue)伴等(deng)打卡神器等(deng)。對于基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育而言(yan),人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)帶來的(de)(de)(de)是革(ge)命性的(de)(de)(de)變革(ge),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠讓教(jiao)(jiao)育更具趣味性、多樣(yang)性、實踐(jian)性,讓學(xue)(xue)生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠更好地融(rong)合和適應智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環境(jing)。
人工智能時代思想政治教育價值與發展
[摘(zhai)要]人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)應(ying)用(yong)于思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育是(shi)(shi)科學(xue)技術(shu)和時展(zhan)的必然(ran)趨勢。人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)與(yu)思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育的融(rong)合發展(zhan)必須始(shi)終(zhong)以思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育為(wei)核心,這是(shi)(shi)人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)作為(wei)思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育資(zi)源的價(jia)值前(qian)提。人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時代的思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育具有“真(zhen)”“假”交織、“冷(leng)”“暖”重疊(die)、“動(dong)”“靜(jing)”共存的基本特點,因(yin)此,始(shi)終(zhong)堅(jian)持思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育的主(zhu)導地(di)位,思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育工作者擔負起應(ying)有的角色擔當,構建精(jing)準思(si)(si)(si)政(zheng)(zheng)和智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)思(si)(si)(si)政(zheng)(zheng)平(ping)臺,是(shi)(shi)思(si)(si)(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教育用(yong)好人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)的發展(zhan)前(qian)景。
[關鍵詞]人工(gong)智(zhi)能;思想政治教育;價值定位;發展前景
當前(qian)數(shu)字技術與(yu)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)呈現融合發展態勢,進而推動整(zheng)個世界進入了智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)和(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai),以致人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)生活方(fang)式(shi)、思(si)(si)維(wei)方(fang)式(shi)、認(ren)知圖式(shi)和(he)(he)行為(wei)習慣(guan)在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程度(du)上發生了相應(ying)的(de)(de)變化,不可避免(mian)地對思(si)(si)想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)發展范式(shi)、實踐方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)創(chuang)新路徑起(qi)到一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)推動和(he)(he)制約作用(yong)。但是,人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)之于思(si)(si)想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)育(yu)絕非一(yi)(yi)種單純的(de)(de)技術工(gong)(gong)具,它不僅(jin)是提升思(si)(si)想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)育(yu)精準化和(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種技術依托,而且(qie)其現實應(ying)用(yong)與(yu)未來(lai)發展都(dou)隱含著(zhu)鮮明的(de)(de)意識形態色彩。因此(ci),分析人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)作為(wei)思(si)(si)想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)育(yu)資源的(de)(de)價值前(qian)提,進而分析人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)思(si)(si)想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)現實特(te)點和(he)(he)未來(lai)發展,具有重要的(de)(de)現實意義。
一、人工智能作為(wei)思想政(zheng)治教育資源的(de)價值(zhi)前提
“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”這一(yi)(yi)(yi)概念是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1956年由美國(guo)達(da)特(te)茅斯學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約翰(han)•麥卡錫最先(xian)提出(chu),至(zhi)今經歷了(le)(le)(le)60多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)已經成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)世界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)熱點和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)前(qian)沿技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),廣泛(fan)滲透(tou)并(bing)(bing)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)醫療、衛生(sheng)(sheng)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)、制造等(deng)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)場(chang)景,幾乎涉及和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)囊括所(suo)(suo)有(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)及領域。總(zong)體來(lai)(lai)看,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)減輕了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)繁雜(za)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)重復(fu)(fu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong),同時(shi)(shi)也(ye)極大(da)(da)(da)地推(tui)動(dong)(dong)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)維的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革新(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集成(cheng)創(chuang)新(xin),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)維和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仿(fang)真與(yu)(yu)模(mo)擬(ni)。從(cong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)維度來(lai)(lai)看,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質上(shang)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)、深(shen)度學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)算(suan)法為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)邏(luo)輯與(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)基(ji)(ji)礎。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong),大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)海量(liang)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析并(bing)(bing)從(cong)中(zhong)獲得(de)巨大(da)(da)(da)價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)、服務(wu)(wu)或深(shen)刻見解,它使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)維方(fang)(fang)式(shi)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)從(cong)小數(shu)據(ju)(ju)到(dao)(dao)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)、從(cong)微觀(guan)(guan)到(dao)(dao)宏觀(guan)(guan)、從(cong)因果(guo)關(guan)(guan)系到(dao)(dao)相關(guan)(guan)關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變(bian)(bian);而(er)(er)(er)深(shen)度學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抓取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海量(liang)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)析、總(zong)結和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)探究(jiu)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)事物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)律(lv),進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)預測未(wei)來(lai)(lai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)趨勢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng);算(suan)法則是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)將大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)深(shen)度學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)介,它在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)符號(hao)或計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機代碼(ma)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)來(lai)(lai)表達(da)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)見,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)決(jue)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邏(luo)輯結構(gou),也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)強算(suan)法才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)高速計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)精(jing)準(zhun)預測,從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)摸(mo)清規(gui)律(lv)、展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)望未(wei)來(lai)(lai)。探討人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實應(ying)(ying)用(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)未(wei)來(lai)(lai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)前(qian)提性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)根本(ben)(ben)(ben)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題,就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)處(chu)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)把握好(hao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)二者(zhe)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值關(guan)(guan)系問(wen)題。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)腦科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)認(ren)知(zhi)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)逐漸發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)起來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)上(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)腦進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)擬(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)興技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)自(zi)(zi)主感知(zhi)、認(ren)知(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)決(jue)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)社會(hui)(hui)逐漸向智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)社會(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)慧社會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),離(li)不(bu)開對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)依托(tuo)。而(er)(er)(er)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)與(yu)(yu)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)根據(ju)(ju)社會(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)身發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao),以(yi)正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、道(dao)德理(li)(li)論為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)指導,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)適應(ying)(ying)與(yu)(yu)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)社會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),不(bu)斷提高思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、道(dao)德素(su)質和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)全面(mian)(mian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,[1]也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)規(gui)律(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)研究(jiu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象,以(yi)解決(jue)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)問(wen)題為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主要(yao)任務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐(jian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)之所(suo)(suo)以(yi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)領域,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)它能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)揭示、分(fen)析、預測人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)律(lv),顯然(ran),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)任務(wu)(wu)上(shang)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)契合(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。具(ju)(ju)(ju)體來(lai)(lai)看,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用(yong),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)視為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)算(suan)法,通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)采集和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)分(fen)析人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)痕跡,進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全樣(yang)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、跟(gen)蹤式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“畫像”,也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)挖(wa)掘和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)把握人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)與(yu)(yu)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)規(gui)律(lv),進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)提升思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)、精(jing)準(zhun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)慧化(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提供了(le)(le)(le)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。但(dan)(dan)也(ye)正(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)模(mo)擬(ni)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)維和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強大(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),使(shi)得(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)未(wei)來(lai)(lai)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),乃至(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類自(zi)(zi)身發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)擔(dan)憂。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)弱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、強人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)超人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)三個(ge)(ge)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)類型,但(dan)(dan)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)狀況來(lai)(lai)看,目前(qian)還(huan)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)弱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)。也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說,現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)還(huan)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)按照人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)預先(xian)設置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序解決(jue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)特(te)定領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)封閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)確(que)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題,并(bing)(bing)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)勝任人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類所(suo)(suo)從(cong)事的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)有(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),更(geng)遠遠沒有(you)達(da)到(dao)(dao)代替人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、超越(yue)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)甚至(zhi)控制人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)慧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度;現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),還(huan)只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單純的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)純粹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機語言和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序編碼(ma),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機械—物(wu)理(li)(li)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)維是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)—心(xin)理(li)(li)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),顯然(ran)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)并(bing)(bing)不(bu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類所(suo)(suo)獨有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)心(xin)理(li)(li)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)完成(cheng)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),更(geng)沒有(you)獨立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)我意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)我訴(su)求,尤(you)其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)語言溝通(tong)(tong)(tong)理(li)(li)解這一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)理(li)(li)解話(hua)語的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)含(han)義(yi),而(er)(er)(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)言外之意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)弦外之音很難把握。目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)話(hua)交(jiao)流,因此現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)還(huan)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),如(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)(zi)主在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)線學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習平臺(tai)、自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)測評系統等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian),用(yong)于(yu)(yu)了(le)(le)(le)解受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)信(xin)息(xi)知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接受、理(li)(li)解和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)掌握程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度,從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容、方(fang)(fang)法、策略(lve)等(deng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調適與(yu)(yu)改(gai)變(bian)(bian),其(qi)(qi)創(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)造能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、溝通(tong)(tong)(tong)理(li)(li)解能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、情(qing)感表達(da)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、綜合(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)等(deng)都處(chu)于(yu)(yu)缺失狀態(tai)(tai)。思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項圍(wei)繞人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)品(pin)德和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道(dao)德觀(guan)(guan)念進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實踐(jian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)根本(ben)(ben)(ben)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),因此,現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)還(huan)不(bu)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)取代思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),二者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結合(he)(he)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度還(huan)很有(you)限(xian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)暫時(shi)(shi)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)支撐,其(qi)(qi)主體和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)核心(xin)始終(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。我們(men)(men)(men)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)研究(jiu)時(shi)(shi),既要(yao)注重它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),同時(shi)(shi)也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)忽視它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說,對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探討始終(zhong)離(li)不(bu)開對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)機器之間關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)討論,而(er)(er)(er)這其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)也(ye)必然(ran)蘊(yun)含(han)著意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)色彩。技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質力(li)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)呈(cheng)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),那(nei)么當“技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu)質生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普遍形(xing)式(shi)時(shi)(shi),它就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)制約著整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)文化(hua)(hua),它設計(ji)(ji)(ji)出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)歷史總(zong)體——一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)‘世界’”,[2]這意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)味著在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運(yun)用(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),不(bu)可避免地承載著設計(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值理(li)(li)念和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)。如(ru)果(guo)掌握了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)國(guo)家人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)軌(gui)跡,那(nei)么這個(ge)(ge)國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)面(mian)(mian)臨著巨大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風險(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)挑戰。因此,要(yao)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融合(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)必須(xu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實應(ying)(ying)用(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)時(shi)(shi)代價值進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)審視,必須(xu)關(guan)(guan)注其(qi)(qi)背后(hou)所(suo)(suo)蘊(yun)含(han)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表征(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)社會(hui)(hui)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系,這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)思(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提。
二、人(ren)工智能時代思想(xiang)政(zheng)治教育的特點
人工智能計算機教育論文
摘要:隨(sui)著(zhu)科學技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷(duan)發展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)進步,人(ren)(ren)(ren)類已(yi)經步入智(zhi)慧教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)代。在(zai)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代背景下,人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能得到(dao)了(le)(le)大范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發和(he)推(tui)廣,已(yi)經和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)相結合,發展(zhan)(zhan)成為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能為(wei)(wei)主導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)慧教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)模(mo)式(shi),為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)變(bian)革做出了(le)(le)很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。本(ben)文(wen)基(ji)于當代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)背景,以計算(suan)(suan)機教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)切入點,分析(xi)了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能對計算(suan)(suan)機教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動(dong)和(he)影響,主要探(tan)討了(le)(le)智(zhi)慧教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質和(he)特征,剖析(xi)了(le)(le)當前人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能應用于計算(suan)(suan)機教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)所面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題和(he)挑戰,并對人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能在(zai)未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某(mou)一階段對計算(suan)(suan)機教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動(dong)和(he)變(bian)革做出了(le)(le)展(zhan)(zhan)望和(he)預(yu)測。希望本(ben)文(wen)能夠給相關行業(ye)內朋友提供一點小小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)啟示(shi)和(he)幫助(zhu)。
關鍵(jian)詞:智慧教育;人工(gong)智能;計算機教育;推(tui)動;變革
隨(sui)著(zhu)社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和進(jin)步,我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)面臨著(zhu)巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)洗牌(pai)和轉型升級。教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)朝(chao)著(zhu)更(geng)加(jia)信息化、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。如今(jin),智(zhi)慧(hui)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)成為了當下教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潮(chao)流(liu)。當前的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)者或者專(zhuan)家學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者都表態(tai)對(dui)于智(zhi)慧(hui)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)充滿著(zhu)信心。智(zhi)慧(hui)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)得以發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)依托還是(shi)(shi)基(ji)于當前火熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)人工智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技術。人工智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)夠對(dui)每一(yi)位學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)進(jin)行(xing)大數(shu)據分(fen)(fen)析,從學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史數(shu)據中分(fen)(fen)析學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習習慣于性(xing)(xing)格(ge)特(te)征,分(fen)(fen)析出學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)適合的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang),因材施教(jiao),并結合學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)興趣(qu)于意向(xiang)(xiang)為其制定學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習計劃,為他們量身定制專(zhuan)屬于他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)個性(xing)(xing)化教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)方(fang)案,讓教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)過程更(geng)加(jia)具有智(zhi)慧(hui)性(xing)(xing)和科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)(xing)。此外,智(zhi)慧(hui)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)還可以實時監(jian)控學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習進(jin)度與學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習狀態(tai),及時針對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)做出調(diao)整。智(zhi)慧(hui)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)不(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改革(ge),更(geng)是(shi)(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)科(ke)技發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang),是(shi)(shi)先進(jin)科(ke)技的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)探索。
一本(ben)文(wen)相關基(ji)本(ben)理論(lun)概述
(一(yi)(yi)(yi))智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)內(nei)核和特征。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)其實就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)宏觀的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)系(xi)(xi)統,里(li)面包括(kuo)萬象,形成一(yi)(yi)(yi)張巨(ju)大的(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)網絡(luo),這個(ge)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)體系(xi)(xi)里(li)面包含智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)校園、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)課(ke)堂、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)服務等(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)列與(yu)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)相關的(de)(de)板塊,共(gong)同打造(zao)出智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)這樣一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能型的(de)(de)體系(xi)(xi)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)依托于當代快速發展(zhan)的(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網技(ji)術(shu),包括(kuo)物聯(lian)網、大數(shu)據、云計算、人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能等(deng)新興科(ke)(ke)技(ji),基于強大的(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網技(ji)術(shu),智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)完(wan)全打破(po)了傳統教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)模式(shi)存在的(de)(de)弊端,具有一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能化(hua)、個(ge)性化(hua)、可感(gan)知化(hua)以及實用性強大的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)服務系(xi)(xi)統,體現(xian)(xian)(xian)了數(shu)字化(hua)媒體教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)的(de)(de)高(gao)級階段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)特征,也具有現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)的(de)(de)內(nei)核。(二)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能。人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能是(shi)最近幾年發展(zhan)出來的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)新興科(ke)(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu),簡稱為AI,是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)虛擬(ni)現(xian)(xian)(xian)實技(ji)術(shu),他能夠通過科(ke)(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)手段(duan)(duan),將人(ren)(ren)們置身于虛擬(ni)的(de)(de)世界,并完(wan)美還原一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)逼真度,給(gei)人(ren)(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)身臨其境的(de)(de)感(gan)覺。人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能技(ji)術(shu)包含的(de)(de)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)很(hen)多,是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)多學(xue)科(ke)(ke)融(rong)合,跨領(ling)域的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)應用型技(ji)術(shu),能夠實現(xian)(xian)(xian)指紋識別(bie)、圖像識別(bie)、語音智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能識別(bie)、機器人(ren)(ren)系(xi)(xi)統、高(gao)度仿真模擬(ni)等(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)列應用,實現(xian)(xian)(xian)超越人(ren)(ren)類智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)。
二人工智(zhi)能技術(shu)在計算機教(jiao)育中的應(ying)用
人工智能技術在計算機網絡教育的作用
網(wang)(wang)絡全(quan)球化的到(dao)來(lai)帶動了整個(ge)經濟體系的發展,計算機網(wang)(wang)絡教(jiao)育也要(yao)與(yu)時(shi)俱進(jin)緊(jin)跟時(shi)代的步伐。而各大(da)高校想在計算機網(wang)(wang)絡教(jiao)育中引入人工(gong)智能(neng)技術(shu),首先要(yao)從(cong)自(zi)身的實際情況出發,構建完善的計算機網(wang)(wang)絡人工(gong)智能(neng)系統,為師生(sheng)提供一個(ge)安全(quan)、可靠網(wang)(wang)絡學習環境,同時(shi)也能(neng)夠讓網(wang)(wang)絡管理人員科學的管理網(wang)(wang)絡資(zi)源。
1當(dang)前計算機網絡教育(yu)中存在的(de)問題
(1)互(hu)聯網(wang)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢就(jiu)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共享性(xing)(xing)(xing)非常強,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)它(ta)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)被認為(wei)是(shi)連接世界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工具,這樣計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)就(jiu)成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)世界各個(ge)(ge)角落中(zhong)供人們交流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)窗口(kou),而(er)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)窗口(kou)又包含了(le)各種不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統,這些操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統還存在(zai)(zai)著不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版本(ben),在(zai)(zai)實際應(ying)用(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),由于(yu)(yu)每個(ge)(ge)版本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)、系(xi)(xi)統操(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)在(zai)(zai)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)支(zhi)持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)會(hui)產(chan)生漏洞,無法(fa)將自己(ji)需要表達(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)(rong)全面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呈現(xian)在(zai)(zai)“窗口(kou)”上(shang),再加上(shang)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)答(da)疑方(fang)面本(ben)身(shen)就(jiu)較為(wei)落后,師資(zi)數量少(shao)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生又多(duo),很難實現(xian)對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)答(da)來完成(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工作(zuo)。(2)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)(jian)利用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合理,過(guo)(guo)分(fen)散,時間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)上(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)較為(wei)碎片(pian)化(hua),很難對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生進行系(xi)(xi)統性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),同(tong)時當前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)缺乏(fa)自主性(xing)(xing)(xing),如果單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)從理論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)來講是(shi)和傳(chuan)統教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)毫(hao)無差別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。(3)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)與(yu)其(qi)他教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)形式不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),它(ta)存在(zai)(zai)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開放(fang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、共享性(xing)(xing)(xing),它(ta)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)確(que)(que)保每個(ge)(ge)人在(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)平(ping)性(xing)(xing)(xing),但(dan)是(shi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體成(cheng)果認證,計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)無法(fa)解(jie)決的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),它(ta)與(yu)傳(chuan)統教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考試測(ce)(ce)試的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀性(xing)(xing)(xing)、公(gong)正性(xing)(xing)(xing)保證不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)果是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定權威(wei)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由于(yu)(yu)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自身(shen)特性(xing)(xing)(xing),很難明確(que)(que)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)(que)結(jie)果,更(geng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要說(shuo)保證測(ce)(ce)試后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)平(ping)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、客觀性(xing)(xing)(xing),即(ji)便(bian)有了(le)結(jie)果也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)難以(yi)(yi)(yi)得到(dao)(dao)社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認可(ke)。(4)輔(fu)助教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)撐系(xi)(xi)統,但(dan)由于(yu)(yu)較為(wei)簡(jian)陋很難滿足計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際需求,所(suo)應(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)只(zhi)是(shi)常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幻燈片(pian)、圖文等課件,雖然也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有采(cai)用(yong)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)視頻教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),但(dan)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)法(fa)、課程(cheng)內容(rong)(rong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)較為(wei)陳舊,達(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)現(xian)代學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潮(chao)流(liu)感(gan),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)做(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高實時更(geng)新(xin),學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)難以(yi)(yi)(yi)接受。互(hu)聯網(wang)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)潮(chao)流(liu)產(chan)業,其(qi)技術需要定期更(geng)新(xin),而(er)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)達(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)就(jiu)無話可(ke)言了(le)。
2人工智能技術(shu)的具體(ti)優勢
網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)過程中(zhong)具有非常(chang)(chang)顯著的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian),其包(bao)括高(gao)速性、實時性、動態性等等,所(suo)以在保(bao)證計算機系(xi)(xi)統正常(chang)(chang)運(yun)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下提(ti)高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術管(guan)理(li)(li)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活(huo)性。人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)在計算機網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)也十(shi)分重要,尤(you)其是一些不確定的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti),它可(ke)充分運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)自身較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)處理(li)(li)能(neng)力去解決。通過人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)技(ji)(ji)術將較(jiao)為模(mo)糊的(de)(de)(de)(de)邏(luo)輯運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)管(guan)理(li)(li)當(dang)中(zhong),使其具備(bei)模(mo)糊信(xin)息處理(li)(li)能(neng)力,從而(er)有效地提(ti)高(gao)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率。人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)技(ji)(ji)術不僅可(ke)以對底層的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息及時解答,也可(ke)以達到對高(gao)層概念(nian)推理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。此外,人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)所(suo)占資源較(jiao)少。人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)算速度(du)極(ji)快,一次性就(jiu)可(ke)解決,有益于提(ti)高(gao)計算機網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)處理(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)術。
3人工智能技術在計算機網絡教育中(zhong)的應用