1對實驗管(guan)理老(lao)師的要求

做好實(shi)驗教(jiao)學前的(de)準備工作和安全保障，實(shi)驗期(qi)間與實(shi)驗指導(dao)教(jiao)師(shi)巡回指導(dao)，并(bing)做必要的(de)技術指導(dao)，解決儀器(qi)、實(shi)驗設施出現的(de)問題。實(shi)驗結(jie)束(shu)后檢(jian)查(cha)、整理儀器(qi)設備，做好衛生和安全工作。

2規范的日常管理

2.1儀器設備

每學(xue)期末實驗管(guan)理老師(shi)都要(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)自己所管(guan)的(de)實驗分(fen)室(shi)填(tian)寫(xie)儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)設備使用情況統計(ji)表(biao)，在這(zhe)張表(biao)里包(bao)含儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)的(de)完好臺(tai)（套）數、待(dai)維修(xiu)的(de)臺(tai)（套）數、待(dai)報(bao)廢臺(tai)（套）數。根據統計(ji)結(jie)果(guo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)需要(yao)報(bao)廢的(de)填(tian)寫(xie)報(bao)損登(deng)記表(biao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)需要(yao)維修(xiu)的(de)儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)實驗，管(guan)理老師(shi)先自修(xiu)，如果(guo)不能自修(xiu)就填(tian)寫(xie)維修(xiu)單報(bao)系主管(guan)主任(ren)，系上再聯(lian)系公(gong)司派人修(xiu)理。這(zhe)樣就確保了儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)的(de)完好率，保證了后面(mian)實驗的(de)正常開出。

2.2資產管理

1管理評審的計劃(hua)和組織

1.1管理評審執行時(shi)機(ji)

管(guan)理(li)評審分為(wei)定期評審和不定期評審。定期管(guan)理(li)評審每年(nian)(nian)至少(shao)執行一(yi)次，一(yi)般安排(pai)在年(nian)(nian)末，實(shi)驗室內(nei)部審核(he)之(zhi)后，并結(jie)合實(shi)驗室年(nian)(nian)度工作(zuo)總結(jie)及下年(nian)(nian)度工作(zuo)計劃。不定期管(guan)理(li)評審時當實(shi)驗室發生重(zhong)大(da)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)事故或(huo)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)體系發生重(zhong)大(da)變化時隨(sui)時進行。管(guan)理(li)評審之(zhi)間(jian)的時間(jian)間(jian)隔(ge)不得超(chao)過一(yi)年(nian)(nian)。

1.2制定管理評審(shen)計劃

質(zhi)量(liang)負責人(ren)根據(ju)內(nei)(nei)部質(zhi)量(liang)審(shen)核(he)(he)、質(zhi)量(liang)管理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)運作情(qing)況，提前制定《管理(li)(li)(li)評(ping)審(shen)計(ji)劃》，經實驗室總經理(li)(li)(li)審(shen)核(he)(he)批準(zhun)后，分發到所(suo)有參加管理(li)(li)(li)評(ping)審(shen)會(hui)議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部門(men)。管理(li)(li)(li)評(ping)審(shen)計(ji)劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)容應(ying)包括評(ping)審(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)、評(ping)審(shen)組織、評(ping)審(shen)內(nei)(nei)容、評(ping)審(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)備、參會(hui)人(ren)員、評(ping)審(shen)時間(jian)及評(ping)審(shen)會(hui)議(yi)地點的(de)(de)(de)(de)安排。

1.3組織準備

一、高校護(hu)理實驗管理存在的主要問題

（一）管理規范化(hua)程度待(dai)提(ti)升

我(wo)國高(gao)(gao)(gao)等教(jiao)育(yu)經(jing)過多年的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)與建(jian)設(she)取得了巨大的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)就(jiu)，尤(you)其是(shi)在(zai)硬件設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)投入與建(jian)設(she)上(shang)。與此同(tong)時，我(wo)國高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)自身管(guan)理(li)(li)就(jiu)成(cheng)了高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)短板(ban)。現階段，我(wo)國高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)自身管(guan)理(li)(li)還存在(zai)很多共性問題，宏觀(guan)層面(mian)上(shang)，有中國特色現代大學(xue)制度(du)(du)，治理(li)(li)結構(gou)還沒有明確完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立健全和(he)切(qie)實(shi)可行。微觀(guan)層面(mian)上(shang)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)護理(li)(li)實(shi)驗室(shi)作為(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)整個組(zu)織體系的(de)(de)(de)有機構(gou)成(cheng)要素，自身現有制度(du)(du)體系還不完(wan)善，制度(du)(du)設(she)計(ji)存在(zai)缺陷。上(shang)述因素都不同(tong)程(cheng)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)制約了高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)實(shi)驗室(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)水平和(he)服(fu)務護理(li)(li)類(lei)專業人才培養工作的(de)(de)(de)能力(li)。

（二）管理(li)人才(cai)隊伍亟待優化(hua)

近些年，我國高(gao)等教(jiao)育(yu)招(zhao)生規(gui)模(mo)逐(zhu)年擴張，高(gao)校辦(ban)學(xue)規(gui)模(mo)也隨之井噴式的(de)(de)增長，高(gao)校將編制及人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)配備(bei)上(shang)向(xiang)一線教(jiao)師傾(qing)斜(xie)。導(dao)致實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)規(gui)模(mo)和(he)比(bi)例較(jiao)小(xiao)，實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)職稱結(jie)(jie)構(gou)、年齡結(jie)(jie)構(gou)、學(xue)歷(li)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)、學(xue)緣結(jie)(jie)構(gou)、素(su)質(zhi)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)不(bu)合理(li)，且相對于高(gao)校其他系列人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)隊(dui)伍存在明(ming)顯的(de)(de)先天不(bu)足(zu)。一方面，高(gao)校護(hu)理(li)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)在專(zhuan)門管理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)配備(bei)和(he)使(shi)用上(shang)捉襟見(jian)肘，人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)隊(dui)伍老(lao)化嚴(yan)(yan)重、整(zheng)體知識(shi)和(he)素(su)質(zhi)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)不(bu)合理(li)，嚴(yan)(yan)重的(de)(de)制約了(le)高(gao)校護(hu)理(li)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)服(fu)務高(gao)校護(hu)理(li)類(lei)專(zhuan)業(ye)教(jiao)學(xue)的(de)(de)能力。另一方面，人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)隊(dui)伍上(shang)的(de)(de)短(duan)板，使(shi)得高(gao)校護(hu)理(li)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)儀(yi)器設備(bei)等不(bu)能得到及時和(he)科學(xue)有效維護(hu)、維修和(he)保養(yang)，儀(yi)器設備(bei)老(lao)化、損耗嚴(yan)(yan)重，造成高(gao)校化學(xue)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)資源和(he)資產(chan)的(de)(de)浪費、流失，嚴(yan)(yan)重影響了(le)高(gao)校護(hu)理(li)類(lei)專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)養(yang)目標的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)現。

二、優化高校護理實驗室管理的主要措(cuo)施

摘要:實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)肩負(fu)著(zhu)出人才、出成(cheng)果和服(fu)務(wu)當地(di)經濟建設(she)的(de)重要使命,在教學科研和人才培養中起著(zhu)重要的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，因此，加強實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)建設(she)與管(guan)理，現(xian)實(shi)(shi)意(yi)義重大。分析了實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)的(de)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)作(zuo)用(yong)，基(ji)于實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)建設(she)的(de)相(xiang)關問題(ti)，提出了實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)建設(she)與管(guan)理的(de)可行(xing)性措(cuo)施。

關鍵詞:實驗室(shi);建設;管(guan)理

眾所周知，實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)在科學研究、科學探索中是理論驗(yan)(yan)證和(he)基本數據的(de)來源。在生產和(he)科研中具(ju)有不可替(ti)代的(de)重要地位(wei)。建設(she)和(he)管(guan)理好(hao)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)是實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)工作的(de)主要任(ren)務之(zhi)一。而目前實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)管(guan)理的(de)手段和(he)制度還沒有與科技(ji)形成同步發(fa)展，從而限制了實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)運行(xing)水平的(de)提高。因此加(jia)強實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)建設(she)與管(guan)理，是克服以上問(wen)題的(de)關鍵。

一、實驗室(shi)作用概述(shu)

展(zhan)望(wang)21世紀，我們生(sheng)活的(de)(de)空(kong)間無一(yi)不被瞬息萬變(bian)的(de)(de)信(xin)息所包(bao)圍。隨著(zhu)時代(dai)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，科(ke)學技(ji)術的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)日趨復(fu)雜化(hua)(hua)、集體化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)國(guo)際化(hua)(hua)，特別是(shi)知(zhi)識(shi)經濟(ji)和(he)(he)數字經濟(ji)的(de)(de)迅猛發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、科(ke)研(yan)、保(bao)證產(chan)品質量(liang)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)基地(di)(di)，其特殊地(di)(di)位決(jue)定了(le)它在(zai)知(zhi)識(shi)經濟(ji)時代(dai)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)作用。一(yi)方面,實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)是(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)學的(de)(de)基地(di)(di),對于提高學生(sheng)的(de)(de)綜合素質、培(pei)養(yang)學生(sheng)的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)精神和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)能(neng)力具(ju)有特殊的(de)(de)作用。實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)是(shi)培(pei)養(yang)學生(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)能(neng)力的(de)(de)場所。這要(yao)(yao)(yao)求實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)針(zhen)對學生(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)能(neng)力的(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang),從(cong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)學內容和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)學方法上進行(xing)改(gai)革,改(gai)變(bian)過去那種以(yi)演(yan)示性實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證性實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)向研(yan)究性和(he)(he)綜合性實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian),改(gai)變(bian)那種以(yi)老師(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中心向以(yi)學生(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中心的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian),全面培(pei)養(yang)學生(sheng)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)技(ji)能(neng),提高分析(xi)問(wen)題和(he)(he)解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題的(de)(de)能(neng)力。另(ling)一(yi)方面,實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)是(shi)科(ke)學研(yan)究的(de)(de)基地(di)(di)、技(ji)術開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)成果(guo)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)基地(di)(di)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)充分利用實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)進行(xing)開(kai)展(zhan)科(ke)研(yan)工作,充分利用高校的(de)(de)人(ren)才(cai)、技(ji)術、設(she)備和(he)(he)信(xin)息等(deng)資源優勢,積極(ji)(ji)進行(xing)高新(xin)技(ji)術的(de)(de)研(yan)究開(kai)發(fa)(fa),以(yi)科(ke)技(ji)成果(guo)推(tui)廣(guang)、生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術服務(wu)、科(ke)技(ji)咨詢和(he)(he)科(ke)技(ji)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容,積極(ji)(ji)參(can)與社會服務(wu)、科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin),為(wei)(wei)(wei)推(tui)動我國(guo)的(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)進步和(he)(he)先進生(sheng)產(chan)力的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)做出(chu)應有的(de)(de)貢獻。

實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理(li)的(de)目的(de)是為(wei)了(le)確保(bao)人身的(de)健康與安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)；為(wei)了(le)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)順利進行和(he)取得(de)準確可靠的(de)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)數據。搞好實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)管理(li)，首先要(yao)(yao)建立必要(yao)(yao)、合理(li)的(de)規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)。一(yi)個(ge)高效的(de)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)一(yi)定是一(yi)個(ge)制(zhi)度(du)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)，這樣才能保(bao)證實(shi)施過程(cheng)能夠(gou)有條不紊塒(shi)。檢驗(yan)(yan)人員必須認真(zhen)學習(xi)并遵(zun)守實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技術規(gui)程(cheng)和(he)有關的(de)消防、安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、保(bao)衛制(zhi)度(du)，了(le)解可能發生的(de)各種安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事故原因，并掌(zhang)握預防和(he)處理(li)這些安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事故的(de)方法。

1開放實驗室(shi)發(fa)展模式(shi)現狀

在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)里，高(gao)校(xiao)對(dui)于實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)管理往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)封(feng)閉的(de)(de)(de)，只有(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)課程需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)時候才予以(yi)(yi)開(kai)放。這樣一來(lai)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)不僅無法(fa)獲取儀器(qi)(qi)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)和機會，而且(qie)也無法(fa)將儀器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)充分(fen)發(fa)(fa)揮出來(lai)。意識到該問(wen)題之(zhi)后，高(gao)校(xiao)開(kai)展實(shi)(shi)施開(kai)放實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)，從(cong)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)目(mu)標的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度出發(fa)(fa)，盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)為學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)提(ti)供儀器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)條件(jian)，為學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)創(chuang)造了自(zi)主實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)和個性化學(xue)(xue)(xue)習的(de)(de)(de)機會和平臺。這種開(kai)放式管理模式，不僅大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)了儀器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)率，而且(qie)對(dui)培(pei)養學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)手能(neng)力(li)和創(chuang)新能(neng)力(li)也具有(you)重要(yao)意義(yi)。為了更(geng)好(hao)地將實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)中充分(fen)發(fa)(fa)揮出來(lai)，高(gao)校(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)進行(xing)建設的(de)(de)(de)時候，除了對(dui)硬件(jian)設施進行(xing)完善之(zhi)外，還在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術氛圍、學(xue)(xue)(xue)術理念以(yi)(yi)及科研體系等軟件(jian)環(huan)境(jing)方法(fa)形成了自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)特色，以(yi)(yi)此來(lai)構建全(quan)方位(wei)、多層(ceng)次的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)放服務體系，使實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)得以(yi)(yi)最大(da)(da)程度的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)揮，從(cong)而更(geng)好(hao)地服務與(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)和科研活動(dong)。

2綜合性、設計性實驗(yan)現狀

在(zai)綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)、設(she)計性(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)模式下，學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)不(bu)僅要(yao)從多學(xue)(xue)(xue)科角(jiao)度(du)出(chu)發(fa)，對(dui)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方案進行科學(xue)(xue)(xue)合理的(de)(de)(de)構建，而(er)且還要(yao)運用已掌(zhang)握的(de)(de)(de)知識在(zai)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中發(fa)現問(wen)題(ti)、分(fen)析問(wen)題(ti)和解決問(wen)題(ti)。由此(ci)可見，相對(dui)于一些(xie)普通的(de)(de)(de)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證性(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)來說，綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)、設(she)計性(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)更加能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)培養學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)綜合能(neng)(neng)力。伴隨(sui)著素質教(jiao)(jiao)育改革的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷深入，綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)、設(she)計性(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)有效開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)也逐漸被各學(xue)(xue)(xue)科教(jiao)(jiao)師所(suo)重視起(qi)來。為(wei)了能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)使(shi)綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)、設(she)計性(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)達到預期的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)，教(jiao)(jiao)師首先(xian)應該(gai)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)標進行充分(fen)明確，并(bing)結合教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)內容，對(dui)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方案進行合理設(she)計，一般來說，實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)難度(du)不(bu)宜過大，且要(yao)具有較強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)操作性(xing)(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)樣才能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)激發(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)積極性(xing)(xing)(xing)和主動性(xing)(xing)(xing)。其次，實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)內容應該(gai)盡(jin)可能(neng)(neng)全(quan)面，使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)通過實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)操作，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)達到擴(kuo)展(zhan)(zhan)知識，提高認知水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)此(ci)來推(tui)動教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)目(mu)(mu)標的(de)(de)(de)順利實(shi)(shi)現。

3開放實驗室與(yu)開展綜合設計性實驗相結合的發展模(mo)式

為(wei)了進一步對(dui)開放實(shi)驗室(shi)管(guan)理(li)的創新進行研究，本文主要以某高校(xiao)為(wei)例，采取開放實(shi)驗室(shi)與(yu)開展綜合(he)設(she)計性(xing)實(shi)驗相結(jie)合(he)的發(fa)展模式對(dui)實(shi)驗室(shi)進行管(guan)理(li)，并在研究過程中發(fa)現問題，解決問題，以此來更好(hao)地(di)對(dui)管(guan)理(li)方式進行完(wan)善。

一(yi)、藝術實(shi)驗(yan)室建設中存在(zai)的問題

(一)對(dui)藝術實驗室概念(nian)界定模糊

由于受傳(chuan)統自然(ran)(ran)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)“實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)”概(gai)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，對(dui)(dui)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解往(wang)往(wang)簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)停留在(zai)(zai)理(li)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)概(gai)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層(ceng)面，如以(yi)理(li)論(lun)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔(fu)，而且在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法(fa)、時間、地點上(shang)兩者(zhe)不(bu)同或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)分(fen)(fen)開［2］(P84－85)。這種(zhong)認識顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)與(yu)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)規律相違背，因為(wei)(wei)(wei)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)上(shang)與(yu)各理(li)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)存在(zai)(zai)很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異，比如小班制或(huo)(huo)工(gong)(gong)作室(shi)制授(shou)課(公共課除外)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)班級一(yi)般10人(ren)左右，最(zui)多也(ye)(ye)不(bu)超過25人(ren)，一(yi)些特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)甚至采取一(yi)對(dui)(dui)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方式;而且，在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過程(cheng)中往(wang)往(wang)帶(dai)有(you)感情(qing)色彩，教(jiao)師(shi)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)一(yi)般以(yi)講授(shou)、示(shi)范、演(yan)(yan)示(shi)與(yu)個別輔(fu)導相結合，課堂上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)時間是(shi)以(yi)技能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)練和(he)培養為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，作業(ye)(ye)形式上(shang)以(yi)技巧(qiao)訓(xun)練為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，強調學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本功，注(zhu)重(zhong)對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)技藝(yi)能(neng)(neng)力、專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)作能(neng)(neng)力和(he)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)表(biao)現能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養，帶(dai)有(you)一(yi)種(zhong)很(hen)強實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)傾(qing)向。還(huan)有(you)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)教(jiao)師(shi)以(yi)狹隘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)定(ding)義來理(li)解藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，即將(jiang)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等同于純(chun)(chun)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，只注(zhu)重(zhong)對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個性(xing)創(chuang)造(zao)和(he)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)表(biao)現能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養，忽(hu)視在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養［3］(P12－15)，或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)將(jiang)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)鄉寫(xie)生(sheng)、采風、考察等校外活動。這都是(shi)不(bu)恰(qia)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)既不(bu)是(shi)理(li)論(lun)與(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)相分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)理(li)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)層(ceng)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)，也(ye)(ye)不(bu)是(shi)僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)局限于狹隘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)層(ceng)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)，而是(shi)融講授(shou)、示(shi)范、演(yan)(yan)示(shi)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)體，肩負著培養學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)個性(xing)創(chuang)造(zao)與(yu)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)表(biao)現力以(yi)及學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)能(neng)(neng)力雙重(zhong)任(ren)務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)。

(二(er))儀器設(she)備使用和管(guan)理上(shang)存在諸多問題

1．對儀器設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)往(wang)往(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)購入，輕管(guan)理(li)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，輕維修(xiu)，或者(zhe)雖(sui)已(yi)考慮(lv)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)需(xu)(xu)定期檢修(xiu)，但(dan)因(yin)其檢修(xiu)成(cheng)(cheng)本較高(gao)而(er)往(wang)往(wang)放(fang)棄此(ci)環節，以(yi)致(zhi)很多設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)長期超負荷使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)老化、損壞現(xian)象普遍。2．重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)購置(zhi)。由于各院系(xi)各自(zi)為政，其所(suo)屬各個實(shi)驗(yan)室條塊分(fen)(fen)割，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)爭到(dao)手(shou)后往(wang)往(wang)成(cheng)(cheng)為“個人(ren)(ren)(ren)或小單位(wei)所(suo)有(you)制”［4］(P31－33)，未(wei)能實(shi)現(xian)資源共享。為了滿足(zu)各院系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求，同樣的(de)(de)(de)儀器設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)往(wang)往(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)購置(zhi)，導致(zhi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)院系(xi)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)缺乏(fa)實(shi)驗(yan)項目經(jing)費，不(bu)能建立所(suo)需(xu)(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗(yan)室，嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)影響實(shi)驗(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)和科研(yan)［5］(P129－131)。3．設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)參差(cha)不(bu)齊。目前(qian)各實(shi)驗(yan)室購置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)儀器設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)雖(sui)然(ran)已(yi)經(jing)改(gai)變了以(yi)往(wang)無(wu)規(gui)劃(hua)而(er)是(shi)由計劃(hua)有(you)根據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)購置(zhi)，但(dan)是(shi)，在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)可(ke)以(yi)達到(dao)90%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，有(you)些設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)甚(shen)至長期處于閑置(zhi)狀態(tai)，未(wei)對現(xian)有(you)實(shi)驗(yan)室和儀器、設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)進(jin)行(xing)整合(he)優化、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)組(zu)，統(tong)一管(guan)理(li)［6］(P71－73)。而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)種閑置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)一方面可(ke)能是(shi)因(yin)為隨著教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)計劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)導致(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)任務的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)無(wu)需(xu)(xu)這(zhe)(zhe)些實(shi)驗(yan)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，另一方面就(jiu)是(shi)實(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)水平低，無(wu)法正確操(cao)作完成(cheng)(cheng)任務。4．這(zhe)(zhe)里就(jiu)涉及(ji)到(dao)實(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)問(wen)題(ti)。由于受傳統(tong)觀念的(de)(de)(de)影響，在(zai)(zai)高(gao)校中(zhong)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)專業技術(shu)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)(she)，輕行(xing)政教(jiao)(jiao)輔人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)建設(she)(she)(she)，而(er)實(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)高(gao)校地位(wei)甚(shen)至低于行(xing)政教(jiao)(jiao)輔人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，他們無(wu)論(lun)從(cong)收入上(shang)(shang)，還是(shi)從(cong)行(xing)政職務或者(zhe)職稱晉升(sheng)上(shang)(shang)都不(bu)能與教(jiao)(jiao)師相提(ti)并論(lun)［7］(P1－3)，導致(zhi)這(zhe)(zhe)一崗(gang)位(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)為冷門，而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)一定程(cheng)度上(shang)(shang)直接導致(zhi)了實(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)整體水平偏低和隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)穩定，因(yin)此(ci)提(ti)高(gao)其待遇是(shi)急(ji)需(xu)(xu)解決(jue)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)［8］(P58－59)。

二(er)、山(shan)東(dong)藝術學院造型藝術實(shi)驗教學中心發展(zhan)狀況(kuang)

1如(ru)何(he)做(zuo)好(hao)食品實驗室理化檢測工作來(lai)保(bao)證食品質量(liang)安全(quan)

1.1食品實驗(yan)室理化檢(jian)測前的準備工作

具備樣(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)集(ji)程序及統計技術，加強采(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)技術管理，將采(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)工(gong)作規范(fan)化和(he)統一化。貫徹落實樣(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)集(ji)制度，掌握熟練的(de)采(cai)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)技巧，確保樣(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)質量。除此之(zhi)外(wai)，還需(xu)要建立質量保證體系，保證樣(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)真實性(xing)、可靠性(xing)和(he)準確性(xing)。

1.2食品實(shi)驗室理(li)化檢測中(zhong)的(de)工作要(yao)求(qiu)

分(fen)析(xi)過程涉及(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)內容很多，同時要求也(ye)較高，對(dui)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)技術能力、儀(yi)器設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)管理、實驗室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)基礎設(she)施都有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)要求。分(fen)析(xi)過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量控制主要表(biao)現(xian)在對(dui)樣品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)前期處理、過程總結、室(shi)內審核、登記(ji)報告等(deng)，抽取其(qi)中(zhong)具有代表(biao)性的(de)(de)(de)樣品(pin)送(song)至實驗室(shi)進行(xing)檢測(ce)，實驗室(shi)要對(dui)試驗過程中(zhong)使用的(de)(de)(de)各項新(xin)技術、新(xin)方法、新(xin)措施及(ji)(ji)控制程序進行(xing)分(fen)析(xi)理化。

1.2.1質(zhi)量(liang)保證(zheng)人員的要求(qiu)

1新時期科研院所實(shi)驗室的安全問題(ti)

1．1儀(yi)器設備(bei)增(zeng)加，實驗室面積不(bu)足

隨(sui)著國家科研(yan)(yan)投(tou)入加(jia)大(da)，科研(yan)(yan)院所承載的項目及課題(ti)不斷增多，大(da)型(xing)儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)購(gou)置(zhi)不斷增加(jia)，相當(dang)部分的科研(yan)(yan)院所實(shi)驗室(shi)面積不能滿足科研(yan)(yan)需求(qiu)，儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)擺放密集(ji)，有限空間變得更加(jia)擁擠，水電等(deng)公共設(she)(she)施(shi)負(fu)荷加(jia)大(da)，存在明顯的安(an)全隱患。另外，對于新(xin)購(gou)置(zhi)的一些大(da)型(xing)儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)，購(gou)置(zhi)前缺(que)(que)少儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)布(bu)局規(gui)劃，儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)購(gou)置(zhi)后由科研(yan)(yan)人員隨(sui)意擺放至實(shi)驗室(shi)內(nei)，缺(que)(que)少安(an)全、環境的綜(zong)合(he)論證。

1.2科研工(gong)作量大，夜間(jian)實驗增(zeng)多(duo)

加快科(ke)(ke)技(ji)創新(xin)步伐，促(cu)進科(ke)(ke)技(ji)跨越發展，是科(ke)(ke)研(yan)院所新(xin)時(shi)期的(de)(de)發展目標(biao)，科(ke)(ke)研(yan)工作沒有捷徑，需(xu)要以(yi)大量(liang)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)驗工作為基礎，這就促(cu)使科(ke)(ke)研(yan)人員要加大精力投入。時(shi)間(jian)(jian)有限情況(kuang)(kuang)下(xia)，部分實(shi)(shi)驗室出現(xian)了連續運轉的(de)(de)狀況(kuang)(kuang)，過夜(ye)實(shi)(shi)驗增(zeng)多，夜(ye)間(jian)(jian)操作人員容(rong)易產(chan)生精力不集(ji)中，忽視安全操作等情況(kuang)(kuang)，急需(xu)制(zhi)(zhi)定相(xiang)關制(zhi)(zhi)度來(lai)保障夜(ye)間(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)驗的(de)(de)安全性(xing)，如夜(ye)間(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)驗操作需(xu)最少兩個人，加強相(xiang)互(hu)督(du)促(cu)等。

1．3實驗室分散，藥品信息難(nan)掌握(wo)

一、做(zuo)好高(gao)校實驗室管理工作的原(yuan)則

（一(yi)）以人為本(ben)原則

做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，歸根(gen)結底是為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)與科研(yan)的(de)順(shun)利開展(zhan)而(er)服務。教(jiao)(jiao)師、實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員、學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)是實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室的(de)主體(ti)。做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)需(xu)以(yi)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室主體(ti)為(wei)根(gen)本出發點與落腳點。一(yi)方面，對于作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室主體(ti)中心(xin)的(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)而(er)言，實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室的(de)建設(she)與管(guan)(guan)理(li)，必須滿(man)足學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)創(chuang)新思維培養及(ji)應(ying)用技(ji)能(neng)培養等要求(qiu)，為(wei)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)發展(zhan)做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)條件保障。另一(yi)方面，還需(xu)注重激發實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)相(xiang)關教(jiao)(jiao)師及(ji)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)熱(re)情，挖掘其潛能(neng)，為(wei)其創(chuang)造更大的(de)發展(zhan)空間，使其全身心(xin)投入到實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)以(yi)及(ji)科學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)中來，確保實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)順(shun)利開展(zhan)。此外，制定實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室相(xiang)關管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法及(ji)規(gui)章制度也需(xu)從廣大師生(sheng)(sheng)出發，堅持以(yi)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)本，這也是切(qie)實(shi)(shi)做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)基(ji)礎。

（二(er)）統籌規(gui)劃原則

高(gao)校實(shi)驗(yan)室的管理是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校的一項基礎性工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，這項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)做得到位與否將直(zhi)接(jie)關系到學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研究工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能(neng)(neng)否順(shun)利開展。為(wei)此，需要顧及(ji)實(shi)驗(yan)室方(fang)方(fang)面(mian)面(mian)的事(shi)宜，這不是一項單(dan)一簡單(dan)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，而(er)是一項系統性工(gong)(gong)程。只有對各方(fang)面(mian)統籌規劃，對大小事(shi)項考(kao)慮周全(quan)，確保(bao)實(shi)驗(yan)室的正常穩定運行，才能(neng)(neng)切實(shi)為(wei)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、科(ke)研乃至社會服務(wu)提供硬件及(ji)軟件方(fang)面(mian)的保(bao)障。

（三）優化配置，資(zi)源共(gong)享原則

摘要(yao)：科(ke)研(yan)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)高校(xiao)科(ke)學研(yan)究的(de)(de)重要(yao)場所,是(shi)培養學生科(ke)研(yan)能力、進行科(ke)學實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、創造科(ke)研(yan)成果的(de)(de)重要(yao)基(ji)地。實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)員在實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)課題組長(PrincipalInvestigator,PI)的(de)(de)領(ling)導下,開展科(ke)研(yan)活動,管(guan)理(li)科(ke)研(yan)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi),為科(ke)研(yan)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)順(shun)利開展發(fa)揮了重要(yao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用。該文(wen)結合天(tian)津醫科(ke)大學醫學神經(jing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經(jing)驗(yan),從實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)安全管(guan)理(li)、設備管(guan)理(li)、實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)用品管(guan)理(li)和實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)化建設等(deng)方面探析科(ke)研(yan)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

關鍵(jian)詞(ci)：科研(yan)實(shi)驗室(shi);實(shi)驗員;安(an)全管(guan)理;設備管(guan)理;實(shi)驗室(shi)文(wen)化

隨著我(wo)國經(jing)濟的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)速(su)發展,國家對(dui)教(jiao)育(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)事業(ye)的(de)(de)投入逐年(nian)增加(jia),高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)迅猛發展,科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)條件(jian)明顯改善,科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量(liang)大(da)幅提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技創新(xin)和(he)(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)素質人(ren)才培養(yang)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)場所。科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)代表一(yi)(yi)(yi)個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)和(he)(he)(he)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)[1]。科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)等教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成部分,與(yu)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)育(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)密切相(xiang)關,做好實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)培養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)素質和(he)(he)(he)創新(xin)能(neng)力(li)協調發展的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)保障[2]。同(tong)時,科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)建(jian)設和(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項繁(fan)雜(za)而(er)艱巨的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),具有豐富的(de)(de)內涵(han),需要(yao)(yao)不斷(duan)地探索(suo)、總(zong)(zong)結(jie)和(he)(he)(he)改進,進而(er)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)效率,提(ti)(ti)升教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)服務(wu)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。天(tian)津醫(yi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)神(shen)經(jing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)屬(shu)于(yu)生物醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)技術學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan),依托天(tian)津醫(yi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生物醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)天(tian)津醫(yi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)總(zong)(zong)醫(yi)院(yuan)神(shen)經(jing)外科(ke)(ke)(ke)、神(shen)經(jing)病學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke),形成了一(yi)(yi)(yi)支具有生物醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)神(shen)經(jing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)交叉背(bei)景的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)團隊。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究團隊包括(kuo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)10人(ren)和(he)(he)(he)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)技術人(ren)員(yuan)1人(ren),以(yi)(yi)中青(qing)年(nian)為(wei)主(zhu),均具有博(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)。本實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)搭建(jian)了多通道(dao)神(shen)經(jing)信息采集和(he)(he)(he)處(chu)理(li)(li)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺、腦片和(he)(he)(he)單細胞膜片鉗(qian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺,以(yi)(yi)認(ren)(ren)知功(gong)能(neng)與(yu)認(ren)(ren)知障礙(ai)的(de)(de)腦網絡機制(zhi)為(wei)切入點研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究認(ren)(ren)知和(he)(he)(he)認(ren)(ren)知障礙(ai)相(xiang)關的(de)(de)神(shen)經(jing)信息檢測(ce)與(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li),探索(suo)腦網絡與(yu)神(shen)經(jing)調控機制(zhi)。本實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)型儀器面(mian)向校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內外開放,因(yin)此需要(yao)(yao)更科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)合(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。現結(jie)合(he)本實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)(yan),從實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)安全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、設備管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)用品管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)文化建(jian)設等方(fang)面(mian)探討科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。

1安全是(shi)科(ke)研實驗室管理的重中(zhong)之重

科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通常具有人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)密(mi)集、儀器設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)長時(shi)間(jian)運行(xing),生(sheng)物(wu)試(shi)劑和(he)(he)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)頻繁等(deng)(deng)特點[3],一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦發(fa)生(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事(shi)(shi)故,將嚴(yan)(yan)重威脅科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命,給(gei)國有資產帶來(lai)(lai)巨大(da)(da)損失。因此,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)必須(xu)貫(guan)徹以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)針(zhen),針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、財(cai)(cai)產安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)等(deng)(deng)問(wen)題,根據(ju)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du),參考(kao)其他(ta)(ta)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成熟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)經驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),制(zhi)定(ding)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)套科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)合理(li)(li)(li)(li)、切實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可行(xing)和(he)(he)符合本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際情況(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。1.1完(wan)善實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依(yi)據(ju),是(shi)保障(zhang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)財(cai)(cai)產安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎,是(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)穩定(ding)順利進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)[4]。首先(xian),實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)(dui)新(xin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)師、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)、研(yan)(yan)究生(sheng)及(ji)本科(ke)(ke)(ke)生(sheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)培(pei)訓。經過(guo)培(pei)訓后(hou)(hou),新(xin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)必須(xu)參加(jia)“天(tian)津(jin)醫科(ke)(ke)(ke)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)考(kao)試(shi)系統(tong)(tong)”考(kao)核,成績合格后(hou)(hou)方(fang)可進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開展實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)研(yan)(yan)究。其次,對(dui)(dui)新(xin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中培(pei)訓,使(shi)(shi)(shi)其掌握科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)(du),全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面了解實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)分(fen)布和(he)(he)功(gong)能(neng)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)究方(fang)向、儀器設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)和(he)(he)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法(fa)。落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)責(ze)任到(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),并組織人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)定(ding)期對(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha),及(ji)時(shi)消除安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)隱(yin)患,創(chuang)造良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)環(huan)境。再次,建(jian)立科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)整檔(dang)案,包括(kuo)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)訓、研(yan)(yan)究課題和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)成果等(deng)(deng)信息(xi)。新(xin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),需填寫個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)信息(xi),包括(kuo)姓名(ming)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)號、聯系方(fang)式、參與和(he)(he)承擔課題名(ming)稱等(deng)(deng)信息(xi),由實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)登記備(bei)(bei)(bei)案。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)還為(wei)(wei)(wei)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)立一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)數據(ju)庫,包括(kuo)其實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)始(shi)數據(ju),編寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程序、發(fa)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論文及(ji)其他(ta)(ta)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文字、樣(yang)本資料,為(wei)(wei)(wei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)成果統(tong)(tong)計打下基(ji)礎,也為(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步研(yan)(yan)究提供依(yi)據(ju)。1.2嚴(yan)(yan)格生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。近年(nian)來(lai)(lai),實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題越來(lai)(lai)越引起科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視。科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)中,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)動(dong)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)嚴(yan)(yan)格按(an)照(zhao)《實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)動(dong)物(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)條例》(中華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民共和(he)(he)國國家科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)技術(shu)委員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)令(ling)第588號,2011),統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)規(gui)劃統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou),采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)動(dong)物(wu)必須(xu)具有實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)動(dong)物(wu)質量(liang)合格證。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)須(xu)注重動(dong)物(wu)福利,從事(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi),穿戴白大(da)(da)衣(yi)、無菌(jun)手(shou)(shou)套、口罩(zhao)等(deng)(deng)；當(dang)天(tian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結束后(hou)(hou),動(dong)物(wu)尸體用(yong)塑料袋包裝好(hao)并密(mi)封后(hou)(hou),放(fang)入學(xue)(xue)(xue)校動(dong)物(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)部(bu)指定(ding)冰柜(ju)儲存。塑料袋上應(ying)(ying)標(biao)(biao)記動(dong)物(wu)數量(liang)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)間(jian)、操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)及(ji)動(dong)物(wu)處(chu)死方(fang)式,以(yi)便學(xue)(xue)(xue)校動(dong)物(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)部(bu)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。手(shou)(shou)術(shu)器械(xie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)次氯酸鈉消毒和(he)(he)高溫高壓滅菌(jun)消毒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。另(ling)外,針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢棄物(wu),嚴(yan)(yan)格按(an)照(zhao)相關要(yao)求(qiu)分(fen)類,如使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢棄針(zhen)頭、刀片、膜片鉗實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)玻璃(li)電(dian)極用(yong)完(wan)后(hou)(hou)應(ying)(ying)放(fang)置于利器盒(he)中,由學(xue)(xue)(xue)校專(zhuan)門處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)；針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢液(ye),不得隨意(yi)排到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下水(shui)道,應(ying)(ying)該分(fen)類存放(fang)在(zai)專(zhuan)用(yong)廢液(ye)桶(tong)內,桶(tong)外須(xu)粘貼明(ming)顯標(biao)(biao)簽標(biao)(biao)示桶(tong)內廢液(ye)種(zhong)類和(he)(he)主要(yao)成分(fen)等(deng)(deng)信息(xi),以(yi)便學(xue)(xue)(xue)校定(ding)期統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)回收。1.3加(jia)強(qiang)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品和(he)(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。貫(guan)徹“安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)、總量(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)、預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主、防(fang)(fang)控(kong)結合”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針(zhen),按(an)照(zhao)《天(tian)津(jin)醫科(ke)(ke)(ke)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)辦法(fa)》,針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品,制(zhi)定(ding)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)操(cao)作(zuo)規(gui)程和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事(shi)(shi)故應(ying)(ying)急救援預(yu)案,做好(hao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li),保證實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)及(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)秩序,創(chuang)造良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境,防(fang)(fang)止實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)事(shi)(shi)故發(fa)生(sheng)。本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)立了從申購(gou)、領(ling)用(yong)、使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)、回收、處(chu)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過(guo)程記錄和(he)(he)監控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)；對(dui)(dui)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)“五雙(shuang)”管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li),即(ji)“雙(shuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)保管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、雙(shuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)收發(fa)、雙(shuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)、雙(shuang)臺賬、雙(shuang)把鎖(suo)”。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由專(zhuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)負責(ze)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo),遵(zun)循“用(yong)多少、買(mai)多少、先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)先(xian)用(yong)”原(yuan)則,建(jian)立危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檔(dang)案,包含危化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)、CAS號、數量(liang)、用(yong)途、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技術(shu)說(shuo)明(ming)書、臺賬等(deng)(deng)信息(xi)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)每周進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)巡檢,做好(hao)檢查(cha)監督工(gong)作(zuo)。另(ling)外,加(jia)強(qiang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)承壓氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。本實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)有氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、混合氧(95%氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)+5%空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)),高純氧(99.999%),在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)表面均有明(ming)確標(biao)(biao)識(shi)(惰性(xing)/助燃等(deng)(deng)),采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)架豎直(zhi)放(fang)置氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping),防(fang)(fang)止傾倒(dao)；在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)開關位(wei)置均加(jia)有安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)閥(fa)。每次換氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前檢查(cha)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)期限,對(dui)(dui)于超(chao)過(guo)檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有效期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)及(ji)時(shi)退回送(song)檢,建(jian)立氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)、更換等(deng)(deng)檔(dang)案。

2儀器設備管理