跨境電商論文范文10篇

時間:2024-04-22 19:44:00

導語:這里是公務員之家根據(ju)多年的文秘經驗,為你推薦的十(shi)篇跨境電(dian)商論文范文,還可以咨(zi)詢客(ke)服老(lao)師獲取更多原創文章,歡迎(ying)參考。

跨境電商論文

跨境電商航空貨運論文

一、跨境(jing)電(dian)商對航空貨運:機遇與(yu)挑戰并存

計算機網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展和(he)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)經濟一體化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)程加快孕(yun)育(yu)出跨(kua)境電(dian)商這一有別于傳(chuan)統(tong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交易(yi)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。這種具有全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)性質的(de)(de)(de)(de)即時性無紙化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交易(yi)模式(shi)(shi)(shi),推動了全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)融合,同(tong)時也使貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營環境發生了新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)。跨(kua)境電(dian)商對(dui)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說,是(shi)(shi)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機遇(yu)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰(zhan),首先(xian)得從航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)當前發展情況著(zhu)手分析。根據這些年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調查數據可(ke)以(yi)看出,我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)總量上呈現(xian)一個快速增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)勢(shi)。早在(zai)2006年(nian)底,我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空定期航(hang)(hang)(hang)班貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)郵周(zhou)轉量就已經位于國(guo)際民航(hang)(hang)(hang)組織(zhi)締(di)約國(guo)排名中的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)位,此后(hou)(hou)一直維持著(zhu)相當可(ke)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)速水(shui)平。盡管2008年(nian)之后(hou)(hou)受金融危機的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)不景氣(qi)使得航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)一度陷入低迷,但(dan)之后(hou)(hou)又再度回暖(nuan)。隨著(zhu)體量的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷擴張,整(zheng)個航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營水(shui)平也在(zai)不斷提升,而相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策也呈現(xian)一個更加開(kai)放性的(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢(shi)。總體來(lai)(lai)(lai)說,我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)業(ye)(ye)發展形(xing)勢(shi)良(liang)好,具有相當的(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭力。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)這并(bing)不意味(wei)著(zhu)我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)業(ye)(ye)已經能夠完全(quan)(quan)滿足各方(fang)(fang)市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu),在(zai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)作模式(shi)(shi)(shi)、運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸網絡、運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營水(shui)平等(deng)各方(fang)(fang)面,都還(huan)有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)提升空間(jian)。由此,跨(kua)境電(dian)商對(dui)于我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)業(ye)(ye)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說,雖然是(shi)(shi)一個新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展契(qi)機,但(dan)仍(reng)然是(shi)(shi)機遇(yu)與挑戰(zhan)并(bing)存。

二、航(hang)空貨運應對跨境電商(shang)需(xu)求的不(bu)足(zu)之處(chu)

1.運作模式簡單(dan),航空(kong)貨運能(neng)力(li)仍不能(neng)滿足(zu)需求(qiu)

我國(guo)(guo)的航空貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)企業目(mu)前的運(yun)(yun)作模(mo)式(shi)(shi)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)不統一(yi),各企業根據自(zi)身的情況(kuang)靈活選(xuan)擇,或者同時兼(jian)營(ying)貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)和客運(yun)(yun),或者專(zhuan)營(ying)航空貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)。但總(zong)體來(lai)(lai)說,經營(ying)的范圍比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)狹窄,服務項目(mu)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)單一(yi),整個運(yun)(yun)作模(mo)式(shi)(shi)還處于起步階(jie)段,離航空客運(yun)(yun)的網絡模(mo)式(shi)(shi)還有(you)很大差距。我國(guo)(guo)的航空貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)業雖然從(cong)自(zi)身的縱向比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)上有(you)了很大的發展,但實(shi)際上,從(cong)橫向上看,很多貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)都(dou)要(yao)通過分流和中轉(zhuan)來(lai)(lai)實(shi)現,我國(guo)(guo)的航空貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)能(neng)力還遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)不能(neng)令人滿意(yi)。

2.運輸路線覆蓋范圍(wei)窄,貨運鏈條有待整合

查看全文

跨境電商農產品貿易論文

摘要(yao):據相關數據顯示(shi),截至2017年9月,我(wo)國農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)電(dian)商交(jiao)易額已突破1700億元,電(dian)商已經(jing)成(cheng)為農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)銷售的一個(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)渠道,并且交(jiao)易規模呈現出(chu)連(lian)續(xu)增長的態勢。目(mu)前(qian),我(wo)國各類涉(she)農(nong)(nong)電(dian)商平(ping)臺已經(jing)超過3萬(wan)家,隨著(zhu)跨境電(dian)商的不斷發展,涉(she)外農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)電(dian)商交(jiao)易額的比重(zhong)也(ye)隨之提高(gao),農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)跨境電(dian)子商務在我(wo)國農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)進出(chu)口(kou)貿易中發揮著(zhu)越來越重(zhong)要(yao)的作(zuo)用。

關鍵(jian)詞:農產品;跨境電商;貿易發展特(te)點;制(zhi)約(yue)因素

一、跨境(jing)電商(shang)農產品貿易發展的特點(dian)

近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)力促跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),在(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)趨勢(shi)和(he)政策利(li)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙重(zhong)(zhong)推(tui)動(dong)下,傳統(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)借助互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)渠道(dao)逐(zhu)(zhu)步(bu)實(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)型升(sheng)級,帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)動(dong)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長,而(er)(er)(er)(er)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)(cong)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)向(xiang)(xiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian),通(tong)過(guo)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、倉儲、金融等(deng)各(ge)(ge)(ge)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo),促進(jin)(jin)(jin)了(le)(le)(le)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規范(fan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),形成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態鏈(lian)和(he)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)鏈(lian),服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)范(fan)圍(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)擴展(zhan)(zhan),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)呈現(xian)出(chu)與(yu)以(yi)往不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。1.農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規模(mo)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)巨大(da)(da)。2016年(nian),阿里巴巴零售(shou)(shou)(shou)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)額(e)高(gao)(gao)(gao)達3.8萬億(yi)元,而(er)(er)(er)(er)零售(shou)(shou)(shou)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)巨頭沃爾瑪(ma)關閉了(le)(le)(le)269家(jia)(jia)(jia)實(shi)體(ti)(ti)店,兩者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮明(ming)對(dui)比釋放(fang)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)信號(hao),那就是未來(lai)(lai)(lai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)將(jiang)逐(zhu)(zhu)步(bu)朝線(xian)上化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)數據化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。過(guo)去工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)是我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)出(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)力軍,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)口(kou)主(zhu)要(yao)依靠傳統(tong)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)著我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)(lu)”建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)深入(ru),不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)更(geng)加(jia)廣泛,合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)更(geng)加(jia)多(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。聚焦到跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)領(ling)域,“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)(lu)”沿(yan)線(xian)地區(qu)覆蓋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人口(kou)總數達46億(yi),必(bi)將(jiang)為(wei)線(xian)上貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)更(geng)多(duo)機遇(yu)(yu),開拓出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)全(quan)新、更(geng)加(jia)廣闊(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)。據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)心數據顯示(shi),2016年(nian)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)零售(shou)(shou)(shou)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)額(e)已達1.25萬億(yi)元,海(hai)淘用戶人數已達4100萬。從(cong)(cong)2011年(nian)到2015年(nian),“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)(lu)”沿(yan)線(xian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)對(dui)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)額(e)年(nian)均增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長11%,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)米、棉花(hua)、食(shi)用植物(wu)(wu)油、玉米等(deng)大(da)(da)宗農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)已經成(cheng)為(wei)部分(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)源地,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)正(zheng)通(tong)過(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)以(yi)喜(xi)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姿態走向(xiang)(xiang)全(quan)球。隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)著我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)已經成(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)蓬(peng)勃興(xing)(xing)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新興(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態,成(cheng)為(wei)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)部分(fen),各(ge)(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)巨大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu),使(shi)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規模(mo)還有(you)非常大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)。2.由粗(cu)放(fang)型向(xiang)(xiang)精細(xi)型服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)。其(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)賣什(shen)么(me)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),原來(lai)(lai)(lai)是什(shen)么(me)值錢(qian)種(zhong)(zhong)什(shen)么(me),追求(qiu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長,沒有(you)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)支(zhi)(zhi)撐,造成(cheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)現(xian)滯銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),而(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)技(ji)術(shu)為(wei)核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu),解決(jue)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)信息不(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)稱引發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)“買難(nan)”和(he)“賣難(nan)”問題,通(tong)過(guo)大(da)(da)數據對(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)資源進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)籌(chou)分(fen)析、對(dui)用戶需(xu)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)析,為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)參考決(jue)策,進(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),實(shi)現(xian)按需(xu)供(gong)(gong)給(gei),構建穩定(ding)、可(ke)(ke)持續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)球農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供(gong)(gong)應網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)。其(qi)二(er),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供(gong)(gong)給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)型升(sheng)級,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)附(fu)(fu)加(jia)值不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),通(tong)過(guo)借鑒國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)經驗(yan),把農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)加(jia)工(gong)延伸到如保健品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、美容護膚、飲(yin)料等(deng)深加(jia)工(gong)領(ling)域,進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)挖(wa)掘農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)附(fu)(fu)價(jia)值,為(wei)客戶提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)更(geng)加(jia)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)體(ti)(ti)驗(yan)。其(qi)三(san),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)初期,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)主(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)大(da)(da)宗交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)為(wei)主(zhu),物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)著跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),個(ge)(ge)體(ti)(ti)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)逐(zhu)(zhu)漸增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),新建立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)通(tong)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)彌補(bu)了(le)(le)(le)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)輸中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu),通(tong)關手續更(geng)加(jia)便(bian)捷(jie),海(hai)外(wai)倉增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)效率,同(tong)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)降(jiang)低了(le)(le)(le)成(cheng)本。其(qi)四,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)更(geng)加(jia)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、精細(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)、規格、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地等(deng)信息方(fang)(fang)面分(fen)類(lei)(lei)更(geng)加(jia)細(xi)致(zhi),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)采購(gou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)(ke)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)找到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),并根(gen)據品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質、價(jia)格等(deng)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)細(xi)分(fen),按照(zhao)采購(gou)需(xu)求(qiu)篩(shai)選(xuan)出(chu)合(he)(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)賣家(jia)(jia)(jia)。3.消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)升(sheng)級,向(xiang)(xiang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)只是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)入(ru)手段,隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)著物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、支(zhi)(zhi)付方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、金融業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)基(ji)礎設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)善和(he)新技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形態也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)演化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)從(cong)(cong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地到消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)手中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)越(yue)(yue)加(jia)多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)B2C、C2B的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)B2B業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)形成(cheng)有(you)效互補(bu),消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)升(sheng)級必(bi)將(jiang)推(tui)動(dong)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)向(xiang)(xiang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian),隨(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)著經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)人均可(ke)(ke)支(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)(pei)收入(ru)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao),人們對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質要(yao)求(qiu)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao),從(cong)(cong)最初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“吃(chi)飽”變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)“吃(chi)好”,而(er)(er)(er)(er)這種(zhong)(zhong)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)理(li)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)正(zheng)是消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)升(sheng)級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)現(xian)。其(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)規劃方(fang)(fang)面。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)使(shi)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)更(geng)加(jia)緊密,C2B定(ding)制模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)在(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing),它充(chong)分(fen)滿(man)足(zu)了(le)(le)(le)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)性(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)需(xu)求(qiu),從(cong)(cong)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)加(jia)工(gong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)為(wei)挖(wa)掘需(xu)求(qiu)、消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)參與(yu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、配(pei)(pei)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),根(gen)據消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)需(xu)求(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),減少資源浪費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)能提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)利(li)潤,并能解決(jue)傳統(tong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)周期長、庫存(cun)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、供(gong)(gong)需(xu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)匹配(pei)(pei)等(deng)問題,優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian),從(cong)(cong)根(gen)本上進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)風險控制。其(qi)二(er),在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)面。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)多(duo),市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)廣闊(kuo),成(cheng)長空(kong)間(jian)(jian)巨大(da)(da),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量也(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)日俱(ju)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認知度(du)和(he)受歡迎度(du),出(chu)口(kou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些像澳(ao)洲臍(qi)橙、菲律賓鳳梨、新西蘭佳沛果等(deng)具(ju)有(you)知名度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),加(jia)快(kuai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)是必(bi)由之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)(lu)。其(qi)三(san),在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)經營主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)應用水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)面。得益于(yu)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),很多(duo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)賣家(jia)(jia)(jia)都在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)上從(cong)(cong)事(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou),盡管內(nei)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)和(he)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)上存(cun)在(zai)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)差異,但通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營,很多(duo)賣家(jia)(jia)(jia)已經突(tu)破了(le)(le)(le)傳統(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)維,對(dui)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)、跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、零售(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)正(zheng)在(zai)逐(zhu)(zhu)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng),消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)購(gou)買體(ti)(ti)驗(yan)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)(yue)好。4.農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)領(ling)域和(he)范(fan)圍(wei)擴大(da)(da)。其(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),線(xian)上線(xian)下聯(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)(he)互動(dong)。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)由于(yu)地域限制,多(duo)數消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)只能通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖片了(le)(le)(le)解產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)信息,而(er)(er)(er)(er)現(xian)在(zai)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)(yue)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)走出(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)門,通(tong)過(guo)舉辦農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)藝術(shu)節、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)博覽會(hui)(hui)和(he)設立品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)嘗周等(deng)活動(dong),讓(rang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)先切(qie)身感受產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質,進(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)再通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)購(gou)買他們喜(xi)歡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。其(qi)二(er),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)互動(dong)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)樣(yang)。各(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)機構以(yi)及(ji)各(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)愈(yu)加(jia)頻繁,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)等(deng)各(ge)(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)介交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)會(hui)(hui),為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)開辟了(le)(le)(le)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)渠道(dao)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)掌門人,通(tong)過(guo)分(fen)享各(ge)(ge)(ge)自電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)營模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)經驗(yan),促進(jin)(jin)(jin)了(le)(le)(le)更(geng)多(duo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)投資在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong),推(tui)動(dong)了(le)(le)(le)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)額(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長。其(qi)三(san),圍(wei)繞跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)展(zhan)(zhan)開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)正(zheng)迎來(lai)(lai)(lai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機遇(yu)(yu)。買賣是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)基(ji)礎層面,而(er)(er)(er)(er)圍(wei)繞農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科技(ji)信息、教(jiao)育等(deng)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),通(tong)過(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi),既可(ke)(ke)以(yi)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)培養更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)人才(cai),同(tong)時可(ke)(ke)以(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)強我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭力。

二、跨境(jing)電商農產品貿易發展(zhan)的(de)制約因素

農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)于一(yi)(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang),它牽扯(che)到(dao)(dao)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安全(quan)(quan)、保質(zhi)期等(deng)(deng)(deng)問(wen)題(ti),所(suo)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)條件、市(shi)(shi)場(chang)、運輸(shu)(shu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)以及(ji)當地社會(hui)(hui)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)風險(xian)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)行(xing)業(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),因此(ci)也就(jiu)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)著(zhu)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)挑戰(zhan)。1.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)配(pei)套(tao)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)健全(quan)(quan)。其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi),冷(leng)鏈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)仍(reng)然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。目前(qian)(qian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內人(ren)均冷(leng)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)積0.1-0.3之間,低(di)于其(qi)(qi)他(ta)大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia),隨著(zhu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發展,冷(leng)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)積小(xiao)、功能(neng)滯(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)凸顯出(chu)(chu)來,這(zhe)也導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)從源頭(tou)開始(shi)便出(chu)(chu)現損耗現象,而(er)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)鏈運輸(shu)(shu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)完善(shan),在(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)年9月份召開的(de)(de)(de)世界農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)上,來自(zi)歐(ou)洲電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)協會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)顧問(wen)介(jie)紹說,歐(ou)洲人(ren)更(geng)傾向于在(zai)(zai)(zai)網(wang)(wang)上購買服(fu)裝、旅游產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)體(ti)(ti)育(yu)用品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)雖然(ran)有(you)(you)需(xu)求(qiu),但(dan)由于冷(leng)鏈運輸(shu)(shu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)配(pei)置(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)健全(quan)(quan),人(ren)們(men)更(geng)喜歡在(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)店購買。其(qi)(qi)二,物(wu)流(liu)鏈有(you)(you)待(dai)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完善(shan)。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)物(wu)流(liu)鏈條比國(guo)(guo)(guo)內要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)長很多,而(er)且存在(zai)(zai)(zai)天氣、技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、邊檢等(deng)(deng)(deng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可控因素,只要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)某(mou)個(ge)物(wu)流(liu)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)出(chu)(chu)現“斷(duan)鏈”,就(jiu)很容(rong)易(yi)(yi)(yi)影響農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)新鮮度(du)。目前(qian)(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)小(xiao)額農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)采(cai)取(qu)外(wai)包運輸(shu)(shu)方(fang)式(shi),覆(fu)蓋的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)范圍有(you)(you)限、成(cheng)本高(gao)(gao)(gao),而(er)海(hai)外(wai)倉建立需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)大(da)(da)額投資(zi),并且對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)庫(ku)(ku)存、管(guan)理(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)很高(gao)(gao)(gao),這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)都(dou)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)了(le)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本。其(qi)(qi)三,產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)鏈建設不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)完善(shan)。目前(qian)(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)很多跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)還(huan)停留在(zai)(zai)(zai)集(ji)貨(huo)階段(duan),甚至還(huan)有(you)(you)來路不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地直采(cai)方(fang)式(shi)欠缺(que),沒有(you)(you)從源頭(tou)建立起新鮮安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)鏈,也就(jiu)難以保障農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)零(ling)售(shou)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)四,信息系(xi)統建設不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)完善(shan)。農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)從出(chu)(chu)庫(ku)(ku)到(dao)(dao)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)手中存在(zai)(zai)(zai)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)盲(mang)區,無法全(quan)(quan)程實(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)監(jian)(jian)控物(wu)流(liu)信息,運輸(shu)(shu)過程中一(yi)(yi)旦出(chu)(chu)現問(wen)題(ti),一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)難以及(ji)時(shi)回(hui)應(ying)客戶,二是(shi)(shi)責任(ren)劃分(fen)(fen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)確,導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)客戶體(ti)(ti)驗降低(di),同(tong)時(shi)給(gei)賣家(jia)(jia)造成(cheng)損失(shi)。其(qi)(qi)五,法律法規(gui)、信用評(ping)價(jia)、管(guan)理(li)服(fu)務(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)支撐體(ti)(ti)系(xi)缺(que)失(shi)。相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)內,國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)選擇上更(geng)為挑剔一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)會(hui)(hui)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。而(er)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)檢驗標準、認證(zheng)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、監(jian)(jian)控機制(zhi)(zhi)尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)健全(quan)(quan),導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)參差不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齊的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)阻礙農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)因素。伴(ban)隨著(zhu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)迅(xun)猛的(de)(de)(de)發展勢頭(tou),相關(guan)部(bu)門反應(ying)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠迅(xun)速(su),造成(cheng)法律法規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)定、監(jian)(jian)管(guan)模式(shi)都(dou)出(chu)(chu)現滯(zhi)后,導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)業(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)問(wen)題(ti)時(shi),采(cai)取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)應(ying)措施欠妥。2.跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)本土(tu)(tu)化(hua)運營(ying)進(jin)(jin)展緩慢。農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)做(zuo)大(da)(da)做(zuo)強(qiang),只有(you)(you)走出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)門,了(le)解當地的(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)和(he)(he)(he)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)習慣,為消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)提供本土(tu)(tu)化(hua)服(fu)務(wu),才(cai)(cai)能(neng)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際競爭力,與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)同(tong)行(xing)競技(ji),能(neng)否(fou)本土(tu)(tu)化(hua)服(fu)務(wu)和(he)(he)(he)營(ying)銷是(shi)(shi)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現可持續發展的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)走進(jin)(jin)來我們(men)已經有(you)(you)了(le)相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)模式(shi),而(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于走出(chu)(chu)去面(mian)(mian)向國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe),還(huan)缺(que)乏一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)經驗和(he)(he)(he)能(neng)力。由于跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)鏈條的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜性,以及(ji)信息的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)稱,導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)很多農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)業(ye)走了(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少(shao)彎(wan)路,本土(tu)(tu)化(hua)嘗(chang)試存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)局限性,進(jin)(jin)展十(shi)分(fen)(fen)緩慢。特別是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)業(ye)來說,跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)平臺(tai)設施建設、物(wu)流(liu)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)際支付、營(ying)銷、通關(guan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列(lie)過程中都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)充(chong)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金保證(zheng),這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)都(dou)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)約了(le)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)本土(tu)(tu)化(hua)運營(ying)的(de)(de)(de)發展。而(er)海(hai)外(wai)合(he)作的(de)(de)(de)落地也有(you)(you)待(dai)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)強(qiang),在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)、資(zi)源、市(shi)(shi)場(chang)配(pei)置(zhi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)調(diao)試。3.跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)“無人(ren)可用”的(de)(de)(de)困局。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)平臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)建設與(yu)業(ye)務(wu)開展,涉及(ji)到(dao)(dao)采(cai)購、倉儲物(wu)流(liu)、通關(guan)、結(jie)匯、銷售(shou)、推廣等(deng)(deng)(deng)多個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)(jie),流(liu)程復(fu)雜,專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)性強(qiang)。農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)過程中,遇到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)困難就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)問(wen)題(ti),相比于工業(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)銷策(ce)劃、法律、外(wai)語、外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)務(wu)操作等(deng)(deng)(deng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)知識和(he)(he)(he)技(ji)能(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao),而(er)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)銷售(shou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)單(dan)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)懂(dong)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),同(tong)時(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)懂(dong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)。目前(qian)(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)校對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)培養欠缺(que),政(zheng)府(fu)和(he)(he)(he)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)社會(hui)(hui)資(zi)源也基本沒有(you)(you)培養這(zhe)類人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門機構(gou),很多都(dou)是(shi)(shi)依靠(kao)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)經營(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)學和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)摸索(suo),但(dan)學習和(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)長的(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)遠遠落后于跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)發展,僅僅依靠(kao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)校開設的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)課程根(gen)本無法滿足(zu)社會(hui)(hui)需(xu)求(qiu),這(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)約我國(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)走出(chu)(chu)去的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原因。目前(qian)(qian),大(da)(da)多數(shu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)業(ye)傾向于選擇電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)(cai),但(dan)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)兩(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)兼具(ju)并懂(dong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合(he)型人(ren)才(cai)(cai),單(dan)一(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)無法滿足(zu)這(zhe)種綜合(he)性需(xu)求(qiu),高(gao)(gao)(gao)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)更(geng)是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)缺(que)口(kou)。

查看全文

跨境電商專業深化產教融合的實踐

摘要:新(xin)文科建設(she)理念(nian)對跨(kua)境電(dian)商(shang)人才(cai)培養(yang)與產教融(rong)合(he)(he)提(ti)出(chu)了新(xin)的要求(qiu)。本文以杭州師范大學錢江學院為例(li),探索(suo)了四年一(yi)貫制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、全方位的跨(kua)境電(dian)商(shang)產教融(rong)合(he)(he)新(xin)模式。實踐表明,跨(kua)境電(dian)商(shang)專業深化產教融(rong)合(he)(he),需在(zai)(zai)認知層(ceng)面秉持(chi)一(yi)致的合(he)(he)作理念(nian),需在(zai)(zai)實踐層(ceng)面構建多層(ceng)次遞(di)進式的人才(cai)培養(yang)體系,需在(zai)(zai)發展(zhan)層(ceng)面拓寬合(he)(he)作領域(yu)。同(tong)時,需建立長效合(he)(he)作機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),包括利益共享機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、項目運行機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及協議約束機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

關(guan)鍵詞:新文科;跨境電商(shang);產教融合(he);人才(cai)培養;合(he)作機制

跨(kua)境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)作為國際貿易新(xin)業(ye)態,成為我國穩(wen)外貿促轉型的重要(yao)抓手與新(xin)引擎(qing)。跨(kua)境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的快(kuai)速發展催生了社(she)會對(dui)該(gai)專業(ye)人才(cai)(cai)的旺盛需求,教(jiao)育部先后在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)職、高職、本(ben)科(ke)增設跨(kua)境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)專業(ye),以(yi)破解(jie)人才(cai)(cai)短缺的困境。跨(kua)境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)是一個應(ying)用性很強(qiang)的新(xin)興專業(ye),走產教(jiao)融合(he)之(zhi)路是該(gai)專業(ye)建(jian)設和(he)人才(cai)(cai)培(pei)養(yang)的必(bi)然選(xuan)擇。在(zai)(zai)新(xin)文科(ke)建(jian)設理念(nian)的引領下,產教(jiao)融合(he)被賦(fu)予新(xin)的內(nei)涵和(he)使(shi)命(ming),跨(kua)境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)專業(ye)如何(he)深化產教(jiao)融合(he)成為學界關注(zhu)的熱(re)點。

1跨境電商專業深(shen)化產教融合的時代背(bei)景及(ji)意義(yi)

1.1新文科建設是當前(qian)高(gao)(gao)等教育高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發展的基石

2018年(nian)8月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央發(fa)(fa)文(wen)(wen)提(ti)出“高(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)育要努力發(fa)(fa)展新(xin)(xin)工科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、新(xin)(xin)醫科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、新(xin)(xin)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)”(簡(jian)稱(cheng)“四(si)新(xin)(xin)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)),正式提(ti)出“新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)”概念(nian)。2020年(nian)11月(yue),在山東(dong)召開新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工作會議,發(fa)(fa)布了(le)“新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)宣言”,對(dui)新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)作出了(le)全(quan)面部署。教(jiao)(jiao)育部高(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)育司司長吳巖指出,新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)是新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)(xue)社會科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)發(fa)(fa)展的新(xin)(xin)要求,將(jiang)對(dui)傳統文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)進(jin)行學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)重組,促(cu)進(jin)多(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)交叉與深度融合。新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)對(dui)推動文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)育創新(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展、培養新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)文(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)人(ren)才、提(ti)高(gao)國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)化(hua)軟實力具有重要意義(yi)。

查看全文

國際貿易專業人才培養創新路徑

摘要:隨著傳統出口貿易增速的(de)放(fang)緩,中國(guo)的(de)跨境電商交易迅猛發展(zhan),高校(xiao)相(xiang)關專業(ye)人才培(pei)養的(de)供(gong)給,已遠遠滿(man)足不了其(qi)需求。為了適應我國(guo)外貿行業(ye)轉(zhuan)型升(sheng)級的(de)需要,以應用型為主的(de)國(guo)際貿易專業(ye)必須創新人才培(pei)養模式。在全新培(pei)養目標的(de)指(zhi)導下,實(shi)施(shi)線(xian)上SPOC教學與線(xian)下“校(xiao)企合(he)(he)作”相(xiang)結合(he)(he)的(de)人才培(pei)養模式,已經成為跨境電商背景下地方高校(xiao)應用型專業(ye)人才培(pei)養的(de)創新路(lu)徑(jing)。

關鍵(jian)詞:跨境電(dian)商;SPOC教(jiao)學模式;校企合作(zuo)

近(jin)年來,中國(guo)的傳統出口(kou)增(zeng)速(su)逐漸趨緩,但(dan)同期的跨(kua)境(jing)電商的交易額以年均30%增(zeng)速(su)增(zeng)長。然而,為(wei)企業(ye)輸送專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)才的高(gao)校人(ren)(ren)才培(pei)養(yang),不(bu)管是(shi)(shi)數量還(huan)是(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)業(ye)素(su)(su)質,都遠遠達不(bu)到企業(ye)的要求。在此(ci)背景下,國(guo)際貿(mao)易專(zhuan)業(ye)如何(he)培(pei)養(yang)學生既具有(you)理論素(su)(su)養(yang)、又有(you)較(jiao)強實(shi)踐(jian)能力(li)(li)和創(chuang)新創(chuang)業(ye)能力(li)(li)的高(gao)素(su)(su)質復合(he)型(xing)技(ji)能人(ren)(ren)才具有(you)重要意義。

一、文獻綜述

跨境電(dian)商作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)方式(shi)(shi)(shi),董亮(2015)認(ren)(ren)為,與(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)有較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別。就(jiu)(jiu)跨境電(dian)商對(dui)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)來(lai)看,對(dui)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)管(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)技能(neng)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)網絡(luo)營銷能(neng)力都大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)(gao),同時(shi)(shi)跨境電(dian)商對(dui)網站的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運營能(neng)力以及與(yu)(yu)之相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物流(liu)、供應鏈管(guan)理(li)能(neng)力等(deng)(deng)(deng)也都提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu);范新(xin)民(2016)認(ren)(ren)為,跨境電(dian)商是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)商與(yu)(yu)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)相(xiang)結(jie)合而(er)發展(zhan)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種商業(ye)(ye)(ye)運營模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。賀書鋒等(deng)(deng)(deng)(2016)認(ren)(ren)為,跨境電(dian)商具有訂單小(xiao)型化、主題(ti)多邊化、交易(yi)直接(jie)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點;將對(dui)傳(chuan)統(tong)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)進行重(zhong)(zhong)構;高(gao)(gao)校畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)可以獲(huo)得更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機會(hui)。然而(er),國(guo)內(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)表明(ming)(ming)高(gao)(gao)校現(xian)(xian)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)并不(bu)符合企業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際需求(qiu)(qiu)。洪聯英(2014)認(ren)(ren)為,目(mu)前地方高(gao)(gao)校國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)步伐(fa)遠遠趕(gan)不(bu)上(shang)社(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容(rong)(rong)與(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)置上(shang),存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)“重(zhong)(zhong)理(li)論(lun),輕實(shi)踐”等(deng)(deng)(deng)現(xian)(xian)象。貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)實(shi)務還依(yi)然停留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)物貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)。同樣(yang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)結(jie)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還有張文虎學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(2014),他指(zhi)出(chu),目(mu)前我國(guo)高(gao)(gao)校國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)方面存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端,主要(yao)有課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)置結(jie)構不(bu)合理(li),教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容(rong)(rong)陳舊,不(bu)能(neng)與(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)俱進,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法老套等(deng)(deng)(deng)問題(ti)。邢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)杰(2017)指(zhi)出(chu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)中(zhong)(zhong),教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用不(bu)容(rong)(rong)忽視(shi),建(jian)立雙師(shi)型教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)隊伍刻(ke)不(bu)容(rong)(rong)緩。在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)新(xin)上(shang),目(mu)前,SPOC(Small,PrivateOnlineCourses)作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種嶄新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi),最早是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由加州大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)伯(bo)(bo)克利分(fen)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阿曼德·福克斯(ArmandoFox)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)授(shou)2013年首先提(ti)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。羅爾福·霍夫曼(2013)認(ren)(ren)為,SPOC是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)融合了實(shi)體(ti)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)(tang)與(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混合式(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。加州大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)伯(bo)(bo)克利分(fen)校福克斯教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)團(tuan)隊通過開發SPOC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)APP課(ke)(ke)程(cheng),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線觀看與(yu)(yu)線下(xia)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)(tang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混合型學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習。國(guo)內(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)清華大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院(yuan)博士康(kang)葉欽(2014)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)早引入SPOC概念。他指(zhi)出(chu),SPOC促進了大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校內(nei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革,重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)定(ding)義了教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種可持(chi)續發展(zhan)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。江(jiang)蘇師(shi)范大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院(yuan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)授(shou)陳然等(deng)(deng)(deng)(2015)、中(zhong)(zhong)南大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)曾(ceng)明(ming)(ming)星等(deng)(deng)(deng)(2015)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部人(ren)(ren)文社(she)科研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)項(xiang)目(mu)“MOOC時(shi)(shi)代翻轉課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)(tang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)場域(yu)建(jian)構研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)”,以及華東師(shi)范大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)羅久(jiu)同等(deng)(deng)(deng)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“混合學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習視(shi)角下(xia)MOOC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu):SPOC案例分(fen)析”等(deng)(deng)(deng)都對(dui)SPOC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)做了較(jiao)為系統(tong)與(yu)(yu)深(shen)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)。對(dui)SPOC教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)改革中(zhong)(zhong)所具有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極意義,基本(ben)已經達成共識,即SPOC是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有效彌(mi)補MOOC短板(ban)與(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)不(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種更(geng)為精(jing)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi),它(ta)將對(dui)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革帶來(lai)積極而(er)又(you)深(shen)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。

二、國際貿易專(zhuan)業人才培養模式創新研究的意義(yi)

查看全文

談跨境電商發展研究綜述及問題

摘要(yao)(yao):我(wo)國(guo)自(zi)由貿(mao)易試驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)的(de)建立為跨(kua)(kua)境電商(shang)行業提(ti)(ti)供了更為寬廣的(de)成長空間,探尋自(zi)貿(mao)區(qu)(qu)的(de)發展(zhan)對自(zi)貿(mao)區(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境電商(shang)的(de)影響具有(you)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)理論(lun)意(yi)義和實踐意(yi)義。通過對自(zi)貿(mao)區(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境電商(shang)發展(zhan)研究現狀和存在(zai)的(de)問題(ti)進(jin)行分析,總(zong)結(jie)我(wo)國(guo)自(zi)貿(mao)區(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境電商(shang)發展(zhan)所面臨的(de)機遇和挑戰,并從人才培養、交易新用(yong)、物流(liu)模式等提(ti)(ti)出建議,為自(zi)貿(mao)區(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境電商(shang)的(de)健康可(ke)持續發展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)供思路。

關(guan)鍵(jian)詞:跨境電商(shang);自貿區;國(guo)際貿易(yi);研究綜述;問題分析

跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)作為一種新(xin)(xin)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)貿易(yi)方式和(he)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)業(ye)態,已(yi)然成(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)進(jin)出口貿易(yi)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)點。2018年中(zhong)國(guo)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)交易(yi)規模達(da)9.1萬億元,同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)11.6%。從總(zong)體(ti)上(shang)看(kan)(kan),我國(guo)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)交易(yi)規模在(zai)逐年增(zeng)加,但增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)速度卻在(zai)放緩,跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)面臨新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)機遇與挑(tiao)戰。我國(guo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)由貿易(yi)試驗(yan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)建立為跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)行業(ye)提供了更為寬(kuan)廣的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)長(chang)(chang)空間(jian),探尋(xun)自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)對(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響具(ju)有(you)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)論意(yi)(yi)義和(he)實踐意(yi)(yi)義。鑒于(yu)此,本(ben)文(wen)對(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)相關文(wen)獻進(jin)行歸納和(he)梳(shu)理(li),并對(dui)(dui)其(qi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究現(xian)狀(zhuang)和(he)問題(ti)(ti)進(jin)行總(zong)結評價。筆者在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)知網(CNKI)上(shang)對(dui)(dui)2008-2018年的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)論文(wen)進(jin)行查詢,結果顯(xian)示如(ru)下(xia):(1)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)項(xiang)(主(zhu)題(ti)(ti)),檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)詞(跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)),精(jing)確查找,全部期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)6800篇(pian)(pian),其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)(xin)(xin)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)515篇(pian)(pian);(2)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)項(xiang)(主(zhu)題(ti)(ti)),檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)詞(自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)),精(jing)確查找,全部期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)8315篇(pian)(pian),其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)(xin)(xin)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)1337篇(pian)(pian)。(3)檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)項(xiang)(主(zhu)題(ti)(ti)),檢(jian)索(suo)(suo)詞(自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)),精(jing)確查找,全部期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)145篇(pian)(pian),其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)(xin)(xin)期(qi)(qi)刊(kan)共(gong)有(you)14篇(pian)(pian)。可以(yi)看(kan)(kan)出,關于(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)貿區(qu)跨(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商(shang)方面的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究少(shao)之又少(shao),本(ben)文(wen)將梳(shu)理(li)以(yi)往研(yan)(yan)(yan)究成(cheng)果,對(dui)(dui)其(qi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究現(xian)狀(zhuang)和(he)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)(ti)進(jin)行分析(xi)評價。

一、研究的主(zhu)要情況

由(you)于(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)長(chang),且自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為我(wo)國(guo)特有(you),目前(qian)國(guo)外并(bing)沒(mei)有(you)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商和(he)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),國(guo)內學(xue)者們從(cong)(cong)不(bu)同角度對(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)提出(chu)了自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)見(jian)解(jie),主要集中涉及自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)現狀、存(cun)在(zai)問題、人才(cai)(cai)培養(yang)、發展(zhan)(zhan)路徑(jing)、物流模式等(deng)(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),本文通(tong)過(guo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)論進行梳理(li)(li),希望能夠為以后學(xue)者們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)提供便利。首先(xian)按(an)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)時(shi)間(jian)分析(xi),從(cong)(cong)2008年(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)始搜索(suo),發現該(gai)(gai)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)從(cong)(cong)2014年(nian)(nian)才(cai)(cai)開(kai)(kai)始,2018年(nian)(nian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)該(gai)(gai)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)關(guan)(guan)注度達到高峰,但(dan)由(you)于(yu)2013年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)首批自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)才(cai)(cai)獲準成(cheng)立(li)(li),距(ju)今時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)長(chang),相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)文獻數量不(bu)多(見(jian)圖(tu)1),但(dan)從(cong)(cong)目前(qian)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)注度和(he)政(zheng)府的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策制(zhi)度來看,可以預測該(gai)(gai)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛力極大(da)。圖(tu)1自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)文獻數量趨勢第二,按(an)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)所屬區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域分析(xi),目前(qian),我(wo)國(guo)已有(you)18個(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)試驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),其(qi)(qi)中6個(ge)(ge)是2019年(nian)(nian)新成(cheng)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),處于(yu)組織實施階段,缺乏相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)數據,學(xue)者們對(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)也是空白,因此關(guan)(guan)于(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)主要從(cong)(cong)2018年(nian)(nian)之前(qian)已經(jing)設(she)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)11個(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)展(zhan)(zhan)開(kai)(kai)分析(xi)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)中國(guo)知網(wang)已公開(kai)(kai)發表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)145篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)期(qi)刊文獻進行整(zheng)理(li)(li),其(qi)(qi)中關(guan)(guan)于(yu)上海自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)25篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),廣東19篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),天津6篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),福(fu)建48篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),浙江10篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),河南10篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),四川、遼寧、重慶、湖北、陜(shan)西等(deng)(deng)加起(qi)來20篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),其(qi)(qi)他綜合性(xing)文獻7篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),由(you)此可見(jian)學(xue)者們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)主要集中在(zai)福(fu)建自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)上海自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),這個(ge)(ge)可能與自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)情況有(you)關(guan)(guan),但(dan)由(you)此也說(shuo)明學(xue)者們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)存(cun)在(zai)片面化,沒(mei)有(you)結合各自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點從(cong)(cong)整(zheng)體開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)。第三,從(cong)(cong)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)方法上進行分析(xi),學(xue)者們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)大(da)多是采(cai)用案例(li)分析(xi)和(he)理(li)(li)論思辨方法,主要集中以某個(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商發展(zhan)(zhan)情況為例(li)進行研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),如以福(fu)建自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、上海自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為例(li)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng),從(cong)(cong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境電(dian)(dian)(dian)商的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體發展(zhan)(zhan)層面分析(xi)和(he)探索(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較少。

二、研(yan)究的主要內容

查看全文

復合型經貿類人才一體化培養研究

隨(sui)著全(quan)球經(jing)濟一體(ti)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入發展(zhan)和(he)我國(guo)(guo)開放型經(jing)濟新(xin)體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建立,我國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)發展(zhan)面臨著國(guo)(guo)際經(jing)濟環境(jing)(jing)日(ri)趨復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)形(xing)勢(shi),跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)商成為我國(guo)(guo)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)發展(zhan)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增長點,內(nei)貿(mao)(mao)貨物跨境(jing)(jing)運(yun)輸又(you)成為“北貨南運(yun)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi),內(nei)貿(mao)(mao)、外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)以及網絡貿(mao)(mao)易的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交叉(cha)融合(he)對于高層次、復(fu)合(he)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一體(ti)化經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)類人才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)日(ri)益(yi)增多(duo)。在這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背景下,如何對經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)類專業進(jin)行整(zheng)合(he),如何改(gai)革(ge)創新(xin)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)類人才(cai)培養模(mo)式(shi)以適應新(xin)經(jing)濟形(xing)勢(shi)、新(xin)技術、新(xin)業態(tai)以及新(xin)貿(mao)(mao)易模(mo)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu),值得我們進(jin)一步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思考和(he)探(tan)索。

一、經(jing)貿類人才(cai)一體化培養(yang)模式的(de)必要性

1.一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。《國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)改革和(he)(he)發展(zhan)規(gui)劃綱要(yao)(yao)(2010—2020年(nian)(nian))》指出,高等(deng)(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)要(yao)(yao)優(you)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、類(lei)型(xing)(xing)、層次結(jie)構(gou),促進多學(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)交叉和(he)(he)融合(he);重點(dian)擴大(da)應用型(xing)(xing)、復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)、技(ji)能(neng)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)規(gui)模。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部(bu)(bu)《關于(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提(ti)高高等(deng)(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)若干意見(jian)》(高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)[2012]4號),也(ye)進一(yi)步強調,要(yao)(yao)優(you)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)結(jie)構(gou),創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)(shi)(shi),提(ti)高人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。2012年(nian)(nian),教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部(bu)(bu)調整本(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)目錄,將(jiang)(jiang)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)濟專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際經(jing)(jing)濟與(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)同歸(gui)于(yu)“經(jing)(jing)濟學(xue)”學(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)門類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“經(jing)(jing)濟與(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),這體(ti)現(xian)了經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)施行(xing)內(nei)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)改革思(si)路。因此(ci),教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部(bu)(bu)高等(deng)(deng)學(xue)校經(jing)(jing)濟與(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)指導委(wei)員(yuan)會制定(ding)了《經(jing)(jing)濟與(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)本(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)標準(2014)》,它明(ming)確指出,培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)通曉內(nei)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)知識又(you)能(neng)掌握現(xian)代信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)、復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)是(shi)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)改革、提(ti)高人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。2.全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嵌套融合(he)急需(xu)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。改革開(kai)(kai)放以(yi)來(lai),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)以(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)參與(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)分工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)密(mi)集型(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)制造環節(jie)。這種分工(gong)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)在推(tui)動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)(jing)濟飛(fei)速增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時,也(ye)使得中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)長期(qi)(qi)被鎖定(ding)在全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)附加(jia)(jia)值環節(jie),形(xing)成發達(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)與(yu)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心-外(wai)(wai)圍”格(ge)局(ju)。與(yu)此(ci)同時,在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)間存(cun)在著另一(yi)種依附格(ge)局(ju),即(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)東部(bu)(bu)沿海(hai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)于(yu)低(di)附加(jia)(jia)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代工(gong)環節(jie),而中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)成為(wei)(wei)低(di)端要(yao)(yao)素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供應地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),最終(zhong)形(xing)成了“發達(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)←→中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)東部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)←→中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“食物(wu)鏈(lian)(lian)”。因此(ci),我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)要(yao)(yao)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)(xing)升級、縮小地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)差(cha)距,就要(yao)(yao)通過(guo)發展(zhan)和(he)(he)延長國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian),使其與(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)相互嵌套融合(he),進而實(shi)(shi)現(xian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)間以(yi)及區(qu)域(yu)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)同發展(zhan)。在這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值鏈(lian)(lian)重構(gou)與(yu)融合(he)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),將(jiang)(jiang)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)大(da)量(liang)既熟悉國(guo)(guo)(guo)際市(shi)場規(gui)則、掌握國(guo)(guo)(guo)際貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)論(lun)與(yu)實(shi)(shi)務,又(you)了解國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)商貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)經(jing)(jing)營與(yu)管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高素(su)質(zhi)(zhi)、復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。3.新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迅速發展(zhan)對復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)提(ti)出更(geng)高要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。在全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)經(jing)(jing)濟緩慢復(fu)蘇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背景下,我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面臨著激烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場競爭和(he)(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)技(ji)術風暴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊,貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)在不(bu)斷(duan)調整和(he)(he)優(you)化(hua)(hua),跨(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)商務、市(shi)場采購等(deng)(deng)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)正逐步成為(wei)(wei)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)發展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長點(dian)。截至2015年(nian)(nian)底(di),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)各(ge)類(lei)跨(kua)境(jing)平(ping)臺企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已超(chao)過(guo)5000家(jia)(jia),通過(guo)平(ping)臺開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)跨(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)逾20萬家(jia)(jia),跨(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商增(zeng)速高達(da)30%。2015年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商進出口額達(da)5.4萬億元,有專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)預測(ce),未來(lai)幾(ji)年(nian)(nian)跨(kua)境(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商占中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)比(bi)例將(jiang)(jiang)提(ti)高至20%,年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長速度超(chao)30%。此(ci)外(wai)(wai),為(wei)(wei)了解決“北貨(huo)南運(yun)”問題,海(hai)關總(zong)署開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)內(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)貨(huo)物(wu)跨(kua)境(jing)運(yun)輸業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務試點(dian),支持東北省(sheng)份的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)貨(huo)物(wu)借道國(guo)(guo)(guo)際水(shui)域(yu)進行(xing)運(yun)輸。這些新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)商貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)意味著,市(shi)場對于(yu)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)僅僅是(shi)懂得內(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua),還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)網絡貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)與(yu)傳統(tong)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)相結(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。

二(er)、目前經(jing)貿類人(ren)才培養模式存在的問題

1.專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結構紊(wen)亂,人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養目(mu)(mu)標定(ding)(ding)位(wei)模(mo)糊。從內(nei)(nei)(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)來(lai)說,經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)包括貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)、國(guo)際(ji)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)以(yi)(yi)及電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)1997年教育部進(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結構調整(zheng)(zheng)時被取消,至(zhi)2012年才(cai)(cai)(cai)正式(shi)回歸目(mu)(mu)錄內(nei)(nei)(nei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。因(yin)此,從全(quan)國(guo)范(fan)圍來(lai)看,開設(she)(she)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)不(bu)(bu)多,2017年一(yi)共36所(suo),開設(she)(she)電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共400所(suo)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),開設(she)(she)國(guo)際(ji)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共588所(suo)。其中,3個(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都(dou)開設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)首都(dou)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、北京(jing)工商(shang)(shang)(shang)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、哈爾濱商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、安徽財經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)審計大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)財經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)21所(suo)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。從經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歸屬院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系來(lai)看,有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)信息技術學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)置(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)建設(she)(she)缺乏統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規劃,專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)(jian)(jian)存在(zai)(zai)“單(dan)(dan)打(da)獨斗(dou)”“條(tiao)塊分(fen)割(ge)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang),因(yin)而(er)(er)(er)大部分(fen)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)對(dui)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養目(mu)(mu)標定(ding)(ding)位(wei)較(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)糊,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應用型(xing)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研究(jiu)型(xing),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)才(cai)(cai)(cai)型(xing)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)才(cai)(cai)(cai)型(xing),缺乏明確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)義。2.專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)(she)置(zhi)不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)理,難以(yi)(yi)滿足(zu)(zu)市場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)。目(mu)(mu)前,各高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)(she)置(zhi)千(qian)差(cha)萬別(bie),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)“寬”,課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)開設(she)(she)龐(pang)雜,針對(dui)性(xing)不(bu)(bu)強,專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)向不(bu)(bu)明顯。并且存在(zai)(zai)知(zhi)識(shi)陳(chen)舊,專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)存在(zai)(zai)大類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)復性(xing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong),純(chun)理論(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)多、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用性(xing)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)少(shao)(shao)等(deng)(deng)問題,人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養與(yu)(yu)崗位(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)存在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)大差(cha)距。有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)“專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)”,外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)不(bu)(bu)懂內(nei)(nei)(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),內(nei)(nei)(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)不(bu)(bu)懂外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)對(dui)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)都(dou)一(yi)竅不(bu)(bu)通(tong)。比如,有(you)(you)(you)些貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)(she)置(zhi)過(guo)(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)偏(pian)重(zhong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),培(pei)養出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)即使碰到(dao)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)會,卻因(yin)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)懂國(guo)際(ji)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)運作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)式(shi),缺乏跨國(guo)供應鏈管(guan)(guan)(guan)理方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi),不(bu)(bu)能較(jiao)(jiao)好地(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)國(guo)外(wai)產品市場(chang),因(yin)而(er)(er)(er)錯(cuo)失良機(ji)。還有(you)(you)(you)些院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)將傳統經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)完全(quan)割(ge)離,經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)絲(si)毫不(bu)(bu)涉(she)及電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong),電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)以(yi)(yi)計算機(ji)為(wei)主而(er)(er)(er)很少(shao)(shao)涉(she)及貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。這造成(cheng)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)缺乏互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)及物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)應用方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)技能,而(er)(er)(er)電子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)時代下出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態和(he)(he)(he)(he)新貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)模(mo)式(shi)背后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)理不(bu)(bu)了(le)解,無法對(dui)接市場(chang)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)復合(he)(he)型(xing)、應用型(xing)、創新型(xing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)。3.實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)薄弱,校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)形式(shi)。目(mu)(mu)前,經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)、畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習和(he)(he)(he)(he)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)撰(zhuan)寫(xie)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)缺乏實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)型(xing)教師,往往實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)被壓縮,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)單(dan)(dan)一(yi)。一(yi)些院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)不(bu)(bu)夠重(zhong)視,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)資源匱乏,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)條(tiao)件不(bu)(bu)能滿足(zu)(zu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技能培(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。比如,實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)分(fen)為(wei)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun),校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室完成(cheng),而(er)(er)(er)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室普遍缺少(shao)(shao)仿真條(tiao)件與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)境,即使個(ge)別(bie)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)仿真度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高,但在(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)層面來(lai)看,缺乏整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)規劃,內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)與(yu)(yu)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)各自為(wei)陣,不(bu)(bu)能有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)結合(he)(he)。在(zai)(zai)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie),不(bu)(bu)少(shao)(shao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)基地(di)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)簽了(le)份協議、掛(gua)了(le)個(ge)牌(pai),但缺乏后續有(you)(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)護(hu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理方(fang)法,校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)名不(bu)(bu)副實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),造成(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社會、理論(lun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相脫節(jie)(jie),學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能力較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)。有(you)(you)(you)些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)采用校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)來(lai)解決經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)類(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)薄弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題,但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大多數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)流(liu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)形式(shi),并未真正發揮作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主要(yao)采取到(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)做報告、講(jiang)座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi),而(er)(er)(er)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)則是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)組織學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)參觀(guan)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習,校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)往往很難有(you)(you)(you)更深(shen)層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。

三、復合型經貿類(lei)人才一體化培(pei)養模式(shi)實踐(jian):以南(nan)京審計大學為例(li)

查看全文

跨境電商人才培養模式研究與實踐

目(mu)(mu)前國內(nei)本(ben)科院校電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)專業(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養規(gui)模不足以(yi)滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)行業(ye)的(de)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需求,且(qie)主(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)面向大企業(ye)等(deng)高端技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需求為主(zhu),跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)尤其(qi)是對俄(e)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)目(mu)(mu)前還處于空白,無法滿足未來巨大的(de)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需求缺口。黑(hei)龍(long)江(jiang)外國語(yu)學(xue)院結合(he)自身(shen)高等(deng)教育服務(wu)(wu)地方產業(ye)的(de)職能,培(pei)養適應(ying)新經濟新業(ye)態的(de)精通網絡又懂外貿的(de)復(fu)合(he)型跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)。該(gai)論文在(zai)(zai)分(fen)析國內(nei)外跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養的(de)基礎上,明確跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)專業(ye)的(de)市場需求與職業(ye)能力要(yao)求,以(yi)黑(hei)龍(long)江(jiang)外國語(yu)學(xue)院為例進(jin)行跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)專業(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養的(de)可行性分(fen)析,提(ti)出了(le)應(ying)用型本(ben)科院校在(zai)(zai)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商務(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養模式(shi)建設方面的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)創(chuang)新點。

1、國(guo)內外研究(jiu)現(xian)狀分析

美國(guo)、英國(guo)和亞(ya)洲的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)加坡等跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)市場繁榮的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家,也(ye)是培(pei)養高(gao)端(duan)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地區。新(xin)加坡跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)念與方法是:體驗式與教(jiao)(jiao)練式、海外沉浸與創業(ye)生(sheng)態圈等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展迅速,電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)教(jiao)(jiao)育也(ye)大興其道,高(gao)校電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)學(xue)生(sheng)已達幾(ji)十萬人(ren)(ren)(ren),但(dan)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)缺口依(yi)然很大。國(guo)內(nei)高(gao)校尤其是應用型本(ben)科高(gao)校已深(shen)切認識到(dao)對跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要性,但(dan)對于如何培(pei)養跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)還是探索階段。比(bi)較來說,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)江浙(zhe)、廣(guang)東(dong)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)對培(pei)養培(pei)訓跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)開展較早也(ye)較有成效。目(mu)前(qian)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要問(wen)題有以(yi)下幾(ji)點:(1)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)系(xi)列課程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容比(bi)較復雜、關聯(lian)性不好(hao);(2)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)權威教(jiao)(jiao)材少(shao):(3)學(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力素質還難(nan)以(yi)達到(dao)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)系(xi)列課程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)綜合技能的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求;(4)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)實(shi)踐教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)服務(wu)“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)一(yi)(yi)路”的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)養模式研究與實(shi)踐文/高(gao)巍巍校企合作培(pei)養人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果不明顯(xian)。

2、跨境電商人才培養的良好基礎

黑龍(long)江(jiang)外國語(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)作為(wei)黑龍(long)江(jiang)省唯一一所語(yu)言類(lei)本科高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),在電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人才(cai)培養過程中融(rong)入俄(e)(e)語(yu)語(yu)言的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強化(hua)訓練,打造學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)在跨境電(dian)(dian)商(shang)尤其是對俄(e)(e)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)從業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)優(you)勢(shi)。我院(yuan)以(yi)服務(wu)龍(long)江(jiang)經濟(ji)為(wei)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)宗旨,樹立(li)“區校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)聯(lian)動發展(zhan),產學(xue)(xue)(xue)研結合(he)(he)(he)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特色辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)念,在2016年開始(shi)首批招生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng),緊密結合(he)(he)(he)本地區發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際需要,結合(he)(he)(he)振興東北老工業(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)需求,從提(ti)高職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)能力著手,與(yu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)(he)作,不斷強化(hua)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge),已經確立(li)了產教融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)、校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)培養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)培養模式。學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)有(you)(you)與(yu)國內知名IT企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)共(gong)建(jian)、校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)好基(ji)礎,如(ru)阿(a)里(li)巴巴、北京中軟國際,深圳(zhen)(zhen)他(ta)拍(pai)檔電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)有(you)(you)限公司等企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye),為(wei)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)培養提(ti)供了良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)平臺。我們經過調研與(yu)論證,與(yu)深圳(zhen)(zhen)他(ta)拍(pai)檔電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)有(you)(you)限公司簽訂了共(gong)建(jian)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略合(he)(he)(he)作協議。學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)有(you)(you)比較(jiao)成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對俄(e)(e)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)交流(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)(he)作基(ji)礎:我院(yuan)已與(yu)俄(e)(e)羅斯太(tai)平洋國立(li)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)、阿(a)爾泰國立(li)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)等高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)建(jian)立(li)了友好合(he)(he)(he)作關系,在合(he)(he)(he)作辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)、教師互派、學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)互訪等方(fang)面(mian)可以(yi)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)商(shang)務(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對俄(e)(e)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)方(fang)向(xiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)提(ti)供赴(fu)俄(e)(e)交流(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機會。

3、人才(cai)培養的具體實現

查看全文

跨境電商市場營銷新途徑研究

【摘要】隨著(zhu)互(hu)聯網技術的(de)(de)不斷發展,電(dian)(dian)子商(shang)務(wu)已經成為(wei)人(ren)們購物(wu)的(de)(de)主要方式,加之物(wu)流企業的(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展,跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)也成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)子商(shang)務(wu)時代下(xia)最為(wei)流行(xing)的(de)(de)一(yi)種企業類型。在(zai)新的(de)(de)時代下(xia),跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)必須對市(shi)場(chang)營銷策略(lve)進行(xing)創新,這樣(yang)才能夠(gou)加快(kuai)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)的(de)(de)發展速度。基于此,論(lun)文提(ti)出了電(dian)(dian)子商(shang)務(wu)時代下(xia)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)在(zai)市(shi)場(chang)營銷中存在(zai)的(de)(de)問題(ti)以及有效應對策略(lve)。

【關鍵詞】電子商務;跨境電商;市場營銷(xiao);新途徑

1引言

在(zai)互聯網(wang)技術的(de)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)過程中,電(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務已然成(cheng)為一(yi)種新(xin)興的(de)行(xing)業,為廣大商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家帶來了新(xin)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)機遇。電(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務平(ping)臺(tai)為人們提(ti)供了一(yi)種網(wang)絡銷(xiao)售和購買(mai)渠道(dao),每個(ge)人可以通(tong)過各(ge)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務平(ping)臺(tai)對各(ge)類產品進行(xing)買(mai)賣(mai)活(huo)(huo)動,加快(kuai)(kuai)了物品的(de)銷(xiao)售速(su)度。跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務是指分屬不同關境(jing)(jing)的(de)交(jiao)易(yi)主(zhu)體(ti),通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)子(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務平(ping)臺(tai)達(da)成(cheng)交(jiao)易(yi)、進行(xing)支付(fu)結算,并通(tong)過跨境(jing)(jing)物流送達(da)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品、完(wan)成(cheng)交(jiao)易(yi)的(de)一(yi)種國際商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業活(huo)(huo)動。目前,跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)市(shi)場營銷(xiao)方面面臨著較為嚴峻的(de)挑戰(zhan),特別是全球化速(su)度的(de)不斷提(ti)升,使得跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)必須盡快(kuai)(kuai)改變(bian)營銷(xiao)策(ce)略才能夠更(geng)加合理地面對各(ge)種挑戰(zhan),促進行(xing)業健康發(fa)展(zhan)。

2電子(zi)商務時代跨境(jing)電商市場營銷面(mian)臨的問題

2.1服務質量(liang)差(cha)。跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服務質量(liang)仍(reng)然(ran)有(you)(you)待加(jia)強,服務質量(liang)低下(xia)具體(ti)(ti)表現(xian)在(zai)兩個方面:第一(yi),由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客服和消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無法(fa)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)實時(shi)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu),只能(neng)通(tong)(tong)過文字(zi)來表達自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想法(fa),這(zhe)就導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)時(shi)可能(neng)會(hui)(hui)出現(xian)語氣理(li)解(jie)錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題,使(shi)得(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)和客服之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)出現(xian)糾紛,進(jin)(jin)(jin)而影(ying)響(xiang)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認知;第二(er),物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)向(xiang)是消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)最為關心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題之(zhi)一(yi),通(tong)(tong)常(chang)都很(hen)(hen)急切地(di)希望能(neng)夠(gou)更快收到(dao)自己購買(mai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin),因此,經(jing)(jing)常(chang)通(tong)(tong)過物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)信息(xi)(xi)(xi)來了(le)(le)解(jie)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)配(pei)(pei)送情(qing)況(kuang),但是部分情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家無法(fa)及時(shi)更新物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)信息(xi)(xi)(xi),這(zhe)就降低了(le)(le)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)購物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)驗[1]。2.2市(shi)場(chang)(chang)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)混亂。當前雖然(ran)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務時(shi)代,但是我國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務發(fa)(fa)(fa)展時(shi)間(jian)(jian)仍(reng)然(ran)較(jiao)(jiao)短,特(te)別是跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也是近(jin)年來迅速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),在(zai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)秩序規范方面缺(que)少完善(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)機制和監督(du)機制,這(zhe)就導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展過程中經(jing)(jing)常(chang)出現(xian)各(ge)類(lei)不(bu)誠信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題。例(li)如(ru),部分商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家會(hui)(hui)售賣假貨(huo)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)真貨(huo)假貨(huo)混合(he)銷售,對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)造成了(le)(le)欺騙,使(shi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)沒有(you)(you)得(de)(de)到(dao)應(ying)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)(pin)。這(zhe)種情(qing)況(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)讓(rang)很(hen)(hen)多消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平臺(tai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)購物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)時(shi)都會(hui)(hui)存(cun)有(you)(you)疑慮。長此以往(wang),如(ru)果不(bu)解(jie)決這(zhe)一(yi)問(wen)(wen)題,會(hui)(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。部分商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家在(zai)向(xiang)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)提供產品(pin)(pin)信息(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)也會(hui)(hui)存(cun)在(zai)虛報信息(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang),當消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)收到(dao)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)時(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)和商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家所述有(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大出入,也會(hui)(hui)使(shi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家差(cha)評數(shu)量(liang)增加(jia),不(bu)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。2.3物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)不(bu)完善(shan)(shan)。物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)是影(ying)響(xiang)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵因素,也是確保(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務交(jiao)易有(you)(you)序進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎保(bao)證,對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)營(ying)銷而言,如(ru)何加(jia)強供應(ying)鏈配(pei)(pei)合(he)是提高(gao)(gao)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)營(ying)銷效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)因素。以往(wang)在(zai)國際之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)貿(mao)易活動時(shi),通(tong)(tong)常(chang)會(hui)(hui)通(tong)(tong)過海洋運(yun)輸(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)交(jiao)易,能(neng)夠(gou)在(zai)一(yi)定時(shi)間(jian)(jian)內運(yun)輸(shu)大量(liang)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。但是跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao),因此,必須對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)改進(jin)(jin)(jin)和完善(shan)(shan),從(cong)而打破物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)方面存(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)局限性。然(ran)而目(mu)前物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)方式(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)少、物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基礎設(she)施落后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題都阻礙了(le)(le)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完善(shan)(shan),使(shi)得(de)(de)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供應(ying)鏈無法(fa)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)效(xiao)配(pei)(pei)合(he)。

查看全文

“一帶一路”跨境電商發展分析

摘要:“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”為(wei)我國跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)帶來全新的(de)(de)發展(zhan)機(ji)遇。從“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”對跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)重要意義入手,基(ji)(ji)于(yu)SWOT分(fen)(fen)析(xi)模型框架(jia)指標(biao),分(fen)(fen)析(xi)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)優勢(shi)、短板、機(ji)遇及挑戰。基(ji)(ji)于(yu)此,通過構建網絡區域貿(mao)易平臺、促進跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)國際協調、優化(hua)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)信(xin)息系(xi)統三個(ge)維度,提出“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”背(bei)景下,推動跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)進一(yi)(yi)步發展(zhan)的(de)(de)有(you)效路(lu)徑(jing),旨在為(wei)我國跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)將來的(de)(de)發展(zhan)提供(gong)有(you)利參(can)考。

關鍵詞(ci):“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”;SWOT分析模型;跨境電商

2015年初(chu),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)發改(gai)委(wei)聯(lian)合發表了《促進共同建(jian)(jian)設(she)絲(si)綢之路經濟帶與(yu)海(hai)上(shang)絲(si)綢之路》,這預示著“一帶一路”發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)戰略規(gui)劃已全面進入實踐的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)階段。“一帶一路”是對(dui)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷史“絲(si)綢之路”的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代化延續(xu)與(yu)拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),是我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及其沿線國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)多方機制與(yu)區域協作相融合,主張和(he)平、建(jian)(jian)設(she)經濟、文化交匯的(de)(de)(de)整體。實施(shi)“一帶一路”發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)戰略對(dui)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以及周邊(bian)多國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)全方位、深入性的(de)(de)(de)溝通發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)意義,充分展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)全社會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)理想及美好愿(yuan)望,是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)協作及創(chuang)新管理模(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)探索。而在(zai)“一帶一路”的(de)(de)(de)引領下(xia),將(jiang)來會(hui)(hui)實現(xian)覆蓋全世界60多個國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、近百個港口的(de)(de)(de)大規(gui)模(mo)經濟貿(mao)易系(xi)統建(jian)(jian)設(she),促進我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)境電商的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)化發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

一、“一帶一路”背景下跨境電商(shang)SWOT分析

根(gen)(gen)據(ju)當(dang)前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展形勢(shi)(shi),運用SWOT分析(xi)法,分別(bie)對(dui)(dui)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(Strength)、短(duan)板(Weakness)、機遇(Opportunity)及(ji)(ji)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)(Threat)展開詳(xiang)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探究(jiu),充分掌(zhang)握我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)環境(jing)(jing)(jing),進(jin)(jin)(jin)而為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其發(fa)(fa)(fa)展提(ti)供正確方(fang)向(xiang)。(一(yi)(yi))跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)。1.電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)系(xi)統(tong)日益穩定。當(dang)前(qian),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)所提(ti)供有(you)效(xiao)服(fu)務(wu)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye),主要(yao)有(you)阿里巴巴旗下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際務(wu)站(zhan)、速遞通,還有(you)其他國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)知名度較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)型網(wang)(wang)站(zhan),這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是綜(zong)合性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)務(wu),能(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提(ti)供更加專業(ye)(ye)且可(ke)以個性(xing)(xing)定制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)咨詢類服(fu)務(wu)與(yu)幫助,有(you)效(xiao)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)有(you)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)營過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運作風(feng)(feng)險、成本風(feng)(feng)險及(ji)(ji)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)(feng)險,是我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅實(shi)(shi)后盾(dun)。2.政(zheng)府(fu)給予大(da)(da)(da)力支持(chi)。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)海(hai)關(guan)總(zong)署(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)查研究(jiu)報告顯示,2014年(nian)3—7月,我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)總(zong)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)額(e)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7.34萬億元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)了5.6%,降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幅度就(jiu)以往而言上(shang)(shang)(shang)漲了0.3個百分點[1]。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)過去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)趨(qu)勢(shi)(shi)日漸懈怠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先鋒軍不斷前(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin),發(fa)(fa)(fa)展態勢(shi)(shi)良好(hao)。2014年(nian)7月份,國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院連續(xu)《有(you)關(guan)大(da)(da)(da)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)展電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)經(jing)濟新(xin)動能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養(yang)意見》《有(you)關(guan)加大(da)(da)(da)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)競(jing)爭(zheng)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)培育指導意見》,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步發(fa)(fa)(fa)展提(ti)供有(you)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策支持(chi)。(二(er)(er))跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短(duan)板。首先,對(dui)(dui)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)物流(liu)(liu)系(xi)統(tong)來(lai)(lai)說,需要(yao)有(you)待進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步優(you)化(hua)(hua),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)體系(xi)建設(she)上(shang)(shang)(shang),許多(duo)方(fang)面(mian)還尚未完善,例如,物流(liu)(liu)配(pei)送成本較高(gao)(gao)、物流(liu)(liu)風(feng)(feng)險控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)缺(que)失(shi)、倉儲管理及(ji)(ji)設(she)施(shi)建設(she)不足(zu)、配(pei)送系(xi)統(tong)等(deng)(deng)基礎性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備未及(ji)(ji)時更新(xin),整體物流(liu)(liu)信息(xi)化(hua)(hua)水(shui)平較低(di),這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)都(dou)是阻(zu)(zu)礙跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)向(xiang)前(qian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)短(duan)板問題。其次(ci)(ci),由于(yu)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)平臺交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊性(xing)(xing),因(yin)(yin)而決定其商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)制約性(xing)(xing),具(ju)有(you)頻(pin)次(ci)(ci)高(gao)(gao)、貨值(zhi)低(di)、種類雜等(deng)(deng)特(te)點,成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)海(hai)關(guan)過關(guan)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)原因(yin)(yin)。此外(wai),對(dui)(dui)出(chu)口退(tui)(tui)稅(shui)來(lai)(lai)說,通常只(zhi)是面(mian)向(xiang)普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)模式,并(bing)(bing)且還要(yao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提(ti)交(jiao)(jiao)增(zeng)(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)票及(ji)(ji)銀行賬務(wu)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)詳(xiang)單(dan),因(yin)(yin)而跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)額(e)訂單(dan)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)無(wu)法納入退(tui)(tui)稅(shui)范(fan)圍中(zhong),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其建設(she)中(zhong)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)面(mian)臨退(tui)(tui)稅(shui)艱難(nan)(nan)、結(jie)匯(hui)受阻(zu)(zu)、監管困難(nan)(nan)等(deng)(deng)現(xian)象,嚴重阻(zu)(zu)礙跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。(三(san))跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)新(xin)機遇。第(di)一(yi)(yi),網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)用戶(hu)越來(lai)(lai)越多(duo),市(shi)場(chang)(chang)消費(fei)能(neng)力日益增(zeng)(zeng)強。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)金融媒體對(dui)(dui)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)調(diao)(diao)查的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)報告稱,全(quan)球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)用戶(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2017年(nian)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)突破50億,并(bing)(bing)且,隨(sui)著全(quan)球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)用戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)步增(zeng)(zeng)長,網(wang)(wang)購用戶(hu)也隨(sui)之不斷上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng),根(gen)(gen)據(ju)艾瑞咨詢分析(xi)整理,世界各地區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)購物市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)總(zong)額(e)近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)呈現(xian)快(kuai)速上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)趨(qu)勢(shi)(shi),而這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展起到強有(you)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐作用[2]。第(di)二(er)(er),網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)計劃開啟,將(jiang)建立“互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)+”實(shi)(shi)施(shi)規劃。目前(qian),此規劃已被(bei)廣泛應用到大(da)(da)(da)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日常生活中(zhong),同(tong)(tong)時,傳統(tong)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)公司相繼開始選擇(ze)運用互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)技(ji)術實(shi)(shi)現(xian)自身經(jing)營方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)型與(yu)升(sheng)(sheng)級,客戶(hu)訂單(dan)也將(jiang)從傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量多(duo)且整體變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)量分散式,有(you)效(xiao)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深入發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。(四)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)新(xin)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)。1.對(dui)(dui)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)受到沖擊。當(dang)前(qian),貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)興的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)主義(yi)浪潮(chao)影(ying)響(xiang)巨大(da)(da)(da),許多(duo)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)強國(guo)(guo)(guo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了強化(hua)(hua)自身國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展及(ji)(ji)保護(hu)(hu),開始運用提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)關(guan)稅(shui)壁壘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式,對(dui)(dui)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)調(diao)(diao)查。導致國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)很(hen)多(duo)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)受到牽連,加劇對(dui)(dui)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艱難(nan)(nan)情(qing)況。2.人(ren)民幣匯(hui)率(lv)(lv)影(ying)響(xiang)。由于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)出(chu)口后價格(ge)較低(di),因(yin)(yin)而,人(ren)民幣值(zhi)得(de)到一(yi)(yi)定程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)相同(tong)(tong)價格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia),我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)相對(dui)(dui)于(yu)其他國(guo)(guo)(guo)家來(lai)(lai)說,價格(ge)偏高(gao)(gao),降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)口產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際競(jing)爭(zheng)力,對(dui)(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帶來(lai)(lai)較大(da)(da)(da)影(ying)響(xiang)。3.交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)(feng)險大(da)(da)(da)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)平臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雖(sui)然(ran)便捷、高(gao)(gao)效(xiao),但同(tong)(tong)時由于(yu)其虛(xu)擬(ni)性(xing)(xing)、廣泛性(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)特(te)點,讓(rang)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雙(shuang)方(fang)之間,因(yin)(yin)其文(wen)化(hua)(hua)背景、法律體制、思想政(zheng)治等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息(xi)不協調(diao)(diao),加大(da)(da)(da)維(wei)權(quan)難(nan)(nan)度,存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)(feng)險。

二、“一帶一路”背(bei)景下(xia)推動跨境(jing)電商發展有效路徑

查看全文

跨境電子商務企業物流成本管理與控制

【摘要】跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)子商務(wu)(wu)促使跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)物流(liu)(liu)由(you)以(yi)往少批次、大批量(liang)的(de)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)模(mo)式,向多批次、少品種的(de)個(ge)性化(hua)、專(zhuan)業化(hua)服務(wu)(wu)模(mo)式轉(zhuan)變(bian),并對(dui)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)物流(liu)(liu)中的(de)輸(shu)送、運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)及(ji)倉儲(chu)等(deng)環節提(ti)出全新的(de)要求(qiu)及(ji)標(biao)準。同時(shi),跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)商不同于國內電(dian)子商務(wu)(wu),其(qi)物流(liu)(liu)環節復雜(za),且(qie)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)間漫長(chang),這(zhe)在很大程度(du)上增加了成本(ben)投(tou)入,難以(yi)提(ti)高服務(wu)(wu)效率。因(yin)此,論文以(yi)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)子商務(wu)(wu)企業物流(liu)(liu)成本(ben)管控(kong)現狀為切入點(dian),進一步提(ti)出具體的(de)管理(li)控(kong)制措施,旨在全面提(ti)升(sheng)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)境(jing)電(dian)子商務(wu)(wu)企業物流(liu)(liu)成本(ben)管控(kong)水平。

【關鍵詞】跨(kua)境電(dian)子商務;物(wu)流成(cheng)本;管理;控制

1引言

近(jin)年(nian)(nian)來,隨著交通運輸(shu)網絡(luo)、經濟全(quan)球化(hua)及(ji)互(hu)聯網的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan),加快了電子(zi)(zi)商務(wu)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)進(jin)程,使其逐步走(zou)向(xiang)海外(wai)市(shi)場(chang)。同(tong)時,我國(guo)作為全(quan)球范圍內(nei)制(zhi)造大國(guo)之一(yi),大量電子(zi)(zi)產(chan)品以電子(zi)(zi)商務(wu)形(xing)式為載體輸(shu)送至各個地區各個市(shi)場(chang)之中(zhong)。由于深(shen)受近(jin)年(nian)(nian)來內(nei)外(wai)各種因素的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,電子(zi)(zi)商務(wu)行業(ye)(ye)競(jing)爭局面趨(qu)向(xiang)白熱化(hua),而如何大幅度增(zeng)強電子(zi)(zi)商務(wu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心競(jing)爭力,為其謀求(qiu)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益,得到越來越多(duo)從(cong)業(ye)(ye)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注及(ji)重視(shi)[1]。除高度重視(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本管(guan)理及(ji)控制(zhi)外(wai),將物(wu)(wu)流(liu)環節成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本控制(zhi)視(shi)為工作重點(dian),全(quan)面分(fen)析(xi)現存問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生原因,采取(qu)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)解決措施,有助于取(qu)得滿意的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本管(guan)控效(xiao)果。鑒于此,本文(wen)針對跨(kua)境電子(zi)(zi)商務(wu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本管(guan)理及(ji)控制(zhi)進(jin)行分(fen)析(xi)研究(jiu)具有重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值意義。

2跨境電子商務(wu)企(qi)業物流成(cheng)本的管(guan)控現狀(zhuang)

2.1管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)意(yi)識(shi)有(you)待提高(gao)(gao)。跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)項目及(ji)(ji)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)環節(jie)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)復雜,其成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)來自(zi)(zi)各個方(fang)(fang)(fang)面。從物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)角度(du)來看,部分跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)尚未(wei)(wei)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)切實可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理方(fang)(fang)(fang)法及(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理模式(shi)(shi),長(chang)此以往則嚴(yan)重削弱(ruo)(ruo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)力(li)(li)度(du),難以形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)強有(you)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)意(yi)識(shi),甚至(zhi)直(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),即便部分跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從根(gen)源(yuan)上認識(shi)到(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必要(yao)性(xing)(xing)及(ji)(ji)重要(yao)性(xing)(xing),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)(gao)層對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視程(cheng)度(du)有(you)待提升,尤(you)其是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)意(yi)識(shi)較為(wei)薄弱(ruo)(ruo),尚未(wei)(wei)將(jiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)戰略相(xiang)聯系(xi)(xi),以至(zhi)于(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)工(gong)作無(wu)(wu)法有(you)序進(jin)行(xing),直(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總體(ti)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)。2.2管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)健全(quan)。從目前(qian)我國跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)水(shui)平來看,普遍(bian)存在成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)(ti)(ti),尤(you)其是(shi)(shi)部分跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)模小(xiao)且(qie)資金投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)少,一(yi)旦忽略物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)環節(jie)則可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)激增(zeng),對(dui)(dui)(dui)日后(hou)其他工(gong)作有(you)序開展(zhan)產(chan)生(sheng)極其不(bu)(bu)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),甚至(zhi)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案難以落實,使得與(yu)之(zhi)相(xiang)匹配(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)劃成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)紙空文(wen),無(wu)(wu)法充分發(fa)揮其約束指導(dao)作用(yong)(yong)[2]。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),雖然部分跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)早已(yi)建成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內部成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)其執行(xing)力(li)(li)度(du)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu),極易產(chan)生(sheng)相(xiang)互推諉工(gong)作責任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)(ti)(ti),不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)嚴(yan)重阻(zu)礙(ai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)長(chang)遠(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan),更可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革進(jin)程(cheng)。2.3管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)合理。按方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)類型(xing)(xing)(xing),跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)劃分為(wei)海(hai)外倉(cang)(cang)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)及(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)兩種,尤(you)其是(shi)(shi)海(hai)外倉(cang)(cang)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo),適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)大(da)(da)批量產(chan)品(pin)(pin)銷售,是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常用(yong)(yong)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),自(zi)(zi)行(xing)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)普遍(bian)集中(zhong)于(yu)單向產(chan)品(pin)(pin)及(ji)(ji)客戶(hu)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),而(er)海(hai)外倉(cang)(cang)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)能(neng)(neng)填補自(zi)(zi)行(xing)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)模式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)及(ji)(ji)局限(xian),能(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)輸過程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)存在增(zeng)加(jia)后(hou)期倉(cang)(cang)儲費用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)。一(yi)旦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)自(zi)(zi)身實力(li)(li)評(ping)估不(bu)(bu)全(quan)面,例如(ru),承載(zai)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)及(ji)(ji)航線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)估不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)等,則可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)引發(fa)因物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)滯留(liu)所產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積壓滯銷等問題(ti)(ti)(ti),這是(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)接性(xing)(xing)增(zeng)加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因[3]。以京東為(wei)例,前(qian)期投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)高(gao)(gao),而(er)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)交(jiao)易量下(xia)降時(shi)(shi)(shi)則不(bu)(bu)利(li)于(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)網(wang)絡長(chang)遠(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)。2.4物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)配(pei)送速度(du)緩慢(man)。中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于(yu)大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其經濟實力(li)(li)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)薄弱(ruo)(ruo)且(qie)難以建設完(wan)整(zheng)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)倉(cang)(cang)儲供應鏈,導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)配(pei)送深受多(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而(er)出(chu)現一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列問題(ti)(ti)(ti),例如(ru),資金回籠緩慢(man)、物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)輸能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)弱(ruo)(ruo)及(ji)(ji)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配(pei)送效(xiao)(xiao)率低下(xia)等。一(yi)旦問題(ti)(ti)(ti)無(wu)(wu)法徹底解決則直(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)購買滿意(yi)度(du),導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)大(da)(da)幅度(du)增(zeng)加(jia),波及(ji)(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總體(ti)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),產(chan)品(pin)(pin)供貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)商(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理水(shui)平高(gao)(gao)低是(shi)(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)因素(su),換(huan)言之(zhi),產(chan)品(pin)(pin)供貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供應不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)或錯失(shi)約定供應時(shi)(shi)(shi)機則可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian),甚至(zhi)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)到(dao)(dao)達的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian),導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跨境(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟損失(shi)持續擴大(da)(da)。

查看全文