研究民營有(you)制(zhi)企業黨建的實(shi)踐，要(yao)求我們必須(xu)突破(po)慣(guan)有(you)的思維。堅持從黨的歷史(shi)方位的變(bian)化出發，按照構建和諧社會的要(yao)求，來思考黨的利益整合問題。

其一，黨組織要發(fa)揮整(zheng)體功能必(bi)須從現實利益(yi)關系(xi)出發(fa)。我們(men)黨執政環境變化(hua)的邏輯(ji)起(qi)點(dian)是(shi)市(shi)場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟，市(shi)場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟使利益(yi)再(zai)次成為人(ren)們(men)一切行(xing)為的原動力。利益(yi)關系(xi)在本質上是(shi)人(ren)們(men)的經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟關系(xi)和生產關系(xi)的反映(ying)，是(shi)人(ren)們(men)社會關系(xi)的核心，是(shi)一切社會政治生活(huo)的原點(dian)。

利(li)益(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)動態的(de)(de)、歷史的(de)(de)、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)范疇(chou)。在民營(ying)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)內(nei)部(bu)和外(wai)部(bu)，不同利(li)益(yi)(yi)主體(ti)的(de)(de)利(li)益(yi)(yi)沖突和矛盾(dun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不可避免的(de)(de)。市場經濟(ji)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，承認了不同利(li)益(yi)(yi)主體(ti)的(de)(de)合理的(de)(de)利(li)益(yi)(yi)需求和利(li)益(yi)(yi)動機，也承認和維(wei)護不同利(li)益(yi)(yi)主體(ti)合法的(de)(de)利(li)益(yi)(yi)。黨組織要在這些企業(ye)(ye)內(nei)發(fa)(fa)揮作用(yong)，就(jiu)必須定位于處理和協調利(li)益(yi)(yi)關系上(shang)，只(zhi)有這樣，黨組織在民營(ying)企業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)存在，才是(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)生的(de)(de)，而(er)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)生，或(huo)者說不是(shi)(shi)(shi)我們從外(wai)部(bu)強加于企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)。

其二，黨(dang)組織必須高度(du)重(zhong)視利(li)益整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)發揮(hui)。在市場經濟的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下，執政黨(dang)最為重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)就是利(li)益整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)。執政黨(dang)進(jin)行利(li)益整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)是把利(li)益沖突減少到最低限(xian)度(du)并控制在秩序的(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍內(nei)，保(bao)持利(li)益系統內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)動態平衡和穩定，保(bao)證(zheng)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)和諧穩定。執政黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)特殊地位往往使(shi)其成為“整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)取(qu)向型”的(de)(de)(de)政黨(dang)，執政黨(dang)往往更(geng)能(neng)體現為“整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)工具”。

在(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內部(bu)(bu)，難免存(cun)在(zai)(zai)所(suo)有(you)者、經營(ying)(ying)者和勞(lao)動者的(de)(de)利(li)益矛(mao)盾。在(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)外部(bu)(bu)，難免存(cun)在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與國家(jia)、與社會(hui)的(de)(de)利(li)益矛(mao)盾。而(er)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)，**民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)利(li)益關系(xi)，大多(duo)不再(zai)是簡單(dan)的(de)(de)勞(lao)資(zi)矛(mao)盾和勞(lao)資(zi)關系(xi)，隨(sui)著不少民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)按照現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)要求，其內部(bu)(bu)治理(li)結(jie)構也發(fa)生了(le)不少變化，大量的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)已(yi)經開始擺脫了(le)早期私營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)那種家(jia)族式的(de)(de)管理(li)方(fang)式，其內部(bu)(bu)治理(li)結(jie)構已(yi)經根據市場(chang)經濟的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)要求，出現(xian)(xian)了(le)集團化和股份制(zhi)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，資(zi)本所(suo)有(you)權(quan)開始社會(hui)化。同(tong)時，所(suo)有(you)權(quan)和經營(ying)(ying)管理(li)權(quan)也實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)適(shi)度分離，出現(xian)(xian)了(le)反映(ying)所(suo)有(you)者、經營(ying)(ying)管理(li)者與職工關系(xi)的(de)(de)董事會(hui)、理(li)事會(hui)和工會(hui)三方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)關系(xi)。因此(ci)，黨組織(zhi)在(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內部(bu)(bu)協(xie)調(diao)利(li)益關系(xi)，不能夠(gou)簡單(dan)地理(li)解為(wei)處理(li)勞(lao)資(zi)矛(mao)盾、代(dai)(dai)表職工利(li)益，而(er)應該站在(zai)(zai)公正的(de)(de)立(li)場(chang)上，協(xie)調(diao)這些(xie)利(li)益關系(xi)，保證企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)合法、健(jian)康、有(you)序的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。

其三，黨(dang)組織整(zheng)合利(li)益(yi)(yi)關系必(bi)須服從和服務于黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)執政使(shi)命(ming)。堅持(chi)科學發展，構建和諧社會，是我們(men)黨(dang)高舉的(de)(de)(de)中國(guo)特(te)(te)色社會主(zhu)義(yi)旗(qi)幟的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)要求，是現階段(duan)我們(men)黨(dang)執政使(shi)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)內容。依據對(dui)我國(guo)社會結構的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)刻(ke)變化的(de)(de)(de)科學分析，我們(men)黨(dang)得出民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)所有者、經營(ying)管理者是中國(guo)特(te)(te)色社會主(zhu)義(yi)事業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)者的(de)(de)(de)政治定位，他們(men)同民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)職工(gong)一(yi)(yi)起，共同建設(she)著具有光(guang)明前途的(de)(de)(de)中國(guo)特(te)(te)色社會主(zhu)義(yi)事業(ye)。因此，我們(men)黨(dang)必(bi)須從整(zheng)體上實現好(hao)、維護(hu)好(hao)和發展好(hao)他們(men)共同的(de)(de)(de)利(li)益(yi)(yi)。而不是簡(jian)單地(di)站在某一(yi)(yi)方代表其利(li)益(yi)(yi)。

進入新世紀以來，堅持走“主攻工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)”道路，實行大(da)開放、大(da)招商戰略。全(quan)縣的(de)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)得(de)到(dao)了蓬勃發展，民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)已(yi)成(cheng)為國民(min)經濟的(de)一支重(zhong)要力量，涌現了機(ji)電材料(liao)有(you)限(xian)公司(si)、制(zhi)革有(you)限(xian)公司(si)、水(shui)泥(ni)有(you)限(xian)公司(si)、藥業(ye)(ye)有(you)限(xian)公司(si)等一批實力較(jiao)強、規(gui)模較(jiao)大(da)的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)。據統計，民(min)營(ying)口(kou)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)占全(quan)縣規(gui)模以上企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)三分之二，納稅額占全(quan)縣稅收的(de)三分之一左右(you)。這些企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)自身(shen)不(bu)斷發展壯大(da)的(de)同時，時刻(ke)不(bu)忘政府和社(she)會(hui)對他(ta)們的(de)幫(bang)助(zhu)，積(ji)極主動(dong)投(tou)身(shen)參(can)與(yu)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)，在(zai)(zai)捐(juan)款捐(juan)物、企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)用工(gong)(gong)、技術培訓、產業(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)等方(fang)面用實際行動(dong)回報社(she)會(hui)，全(quan)縣民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)參(can)與(yu)社(she)會(hui)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)形成(cheng)了良好的(de)氛圍。截止目前，全(quan)縣的(de)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)共捐(juan)款、捐(juan)物折合(he)資金萬元(yuan)，幫(bang)助(zhu)貧(pin)困學生名(ming)，無(wu)償修建公路公里，建設飲(yin)用水(shui)工(gong)(gong)程處，安排貧(pin)困勞(lao)動(dong)力就業(ye)(ye)人，發展扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)產業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)，帶動(dong)貧(pin)困戶人均(jun)增收元(yuan)，取得(de)了良好的(de)幫(bang)扶(fu)(fu)效果(guo)。深受(shou)方(fang)方(fang)面面群眾的(de)贊譽。

一、開(kai)展民(min)營企業參與社會扶貧工作的主要(yao)做法

我縣對民營(ying)企(qi)業參與(yu)社(she)(she)會扶(fu)貧(pin)工(gong)作十(shi)分重(zhong)視，在(zai)千方百計為企(qi)業排憂解難，幫助企(qi)業發展壯大的同時，積極引導企(qi)業參與(yu)社(she)(she)會扶(fu)貧(pin)，讓企(qi)業回報社(she)(she)會，切實履行社(she)(she)會責任(ren)。

(一(yi))積(ji)極宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)員，注重思想(xiang)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)做好宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)。我(wo)縣(xian)的(de)(de)民(min)營企(qi)(qi)業(ye)大(da)(da)部分是(shi)(shi)近(jin)幾年通(tong)(tong)過招商(shang)引(yin)資從沿海(hai)地(di)區引(yin)進來的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)在剛進入我(wo)縣(xian)時，縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府給予了(le)諸多優惠政策，比如信貸、用(yong)地(di)、稅收(shou)、招工(gong)等(deng)方面都提供了(le)大(da)(da)量幫(bang)(bang)助。每個(ge)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)還莫逆(ni)之交了(le)幫(bang)(bang)辦(ban)單(dan)位，要求(qiu)幫(bang)(bang)辦(ban)單(dan)位全方位為企(qi)(qi)業(ye)服(fu)務。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)發(fa)展壯大(da)(da)了(le)，經濟效益(yi)好了(le)，也就有了(le)參與(yu)社(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧的(de)(de)基(ji)礎。我(wo)縣(xian)積(ji)極做好企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)工(gong)作(zuo)，通(tong)(tong)過召開座談會、主動(dong)(dong)到企(qi)(qi)業(ye)去拜訪，發(fa)放宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)資料(liao)等(deng)多種(zhong)形式，切實(shi)增強企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)社(she)會責任心，提高企(qi)(qi)業(ye)對參與(yu)社(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧的(de)(de)認識(shi)。二是(shi)(shi)搞好動(dong)(dong)員。民(min)營企(qi)(qi)業(ye)都是(shi)(shi)經歷市(shi)場(chang)競爭的(de)(de)殘酷而(er)一(yi)路走向發(fa)展壯大(da)(da)，市(shi)場(chang)意識(shi)很(hen)強，充分追(zhui)求(qiu)利益(yi)最大(da)(da)化(hua)。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)決策往往首(shou)先想(xiang)到的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)自己(ji)的(de)(de)利益(yi)。因此(ci)，做好思想(xiang)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)作(zuo)十分重要。通(tong)(tong)過做企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)負責人的(de)(de)思想(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo)。消(xiao)除顧慮(lv)，使企(qi)(qi)業(ye)認識(shi)到參與(yu)社(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧也是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)有償的(de)(de)投資，有效動(dong)(dong)員企(qi)(qi)業(ye)參與(yu)社(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧。

(二)堅(jian)持正確(que)(que)引(yin)導，鼓勵(li)社(she)(she)(she)會參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)。我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營口企業(ye)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)開始是由于(yu)企業(ye)在(zai)(zai)政府(fu)和社(she)(she)(she)會的(de)(de)幫助(zhu)下，企業(ye)得以發展(zhan)壯大，有(you)了一(yi)定的(de)(de)經濟(ji)實力，企業(ye)自(zi)己想為(wei)(wei)社(she)(she)(she)會做(zuo)點回報(bao)，從而(er)自(zi)發地為(wei)(wei)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)村、貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)戶資助(zhu)一(yi)些資金(jin)，用于(yu)解決(jue)交通(tong)、飲水等困(kun)(kun)難，救濟(ji)一(yi)些困(kun)(kun)難戶，資助(zhu)農村的(de)(de)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)大學生等。典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)案例就(jiu)是制革(ge)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司，該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司自(zi)2007年起，就(jiu)每(mei)年拿出1.2萬資金(jin)用于(yu)幫扶(fu)(fu)石橋(qiao)鎮的(de)(de)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)戶。同時，該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司在(zai)(zai)2003年為(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)在(zai)(zai)中鄉遭受洪水災害的(de)(de)群眾自(zi)發送去(qu)4000斤大米，并捐助(zhu)資金(jin)1.6萬元(yuan)用于(yu)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)戶災后修復房(fang)屋，企業(ye)能自(zi)主(zhu)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)確(que)(que)實是好事，但要進(jin)一(yi)步凝(ning)聚力量(liang)，調動(dong)更多的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營企業(ye)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)進(jin)來(lai)，還需政府(fu)的(de)(de)正確(que)(que)引(yin)導。我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)成立了以縣(xian)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)辦為(wei)(wei)牽頭單位的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營企業(ye)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)工作小組，負責正確(que)(que)引(yin)導和全縣(xian)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營企業(ye)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)工作。目(mu)前，在(zai)(zai)政府(fu)的(de)(de)引(yin)導下，我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)有(you)6家民(min)(min)(min)營個業(ye)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)。相信在(zai)(zai)不久的(de)(de)將來(lai)，我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)會有(you)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)營企業(ye)加入到參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)會扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)的(de)(de)隊(dui)伍(wu)中來(lai)。

(三)尊重企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，讓企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)扎(zha)深。民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是國民(min)經濟(ji)的(de)重要組成部分。我(wo)縣對民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展十(shi)分重視，沒有把民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)“外來者(zhe)”對待，而是當作(zuo)(zuo)“自家(jia)人(ren)(ren)”。一是讓企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)扎(zha)根。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展離(li)不開政(zheng)府(fu)和社(she)會的(de)扶持。我(wo)縣堅持把民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)重點工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)來抓(zhua)，盡力(li)解決?產、銷(xiao)售(shou)、資(zi)金(jin)、招工(gong)等方(fang)面的(de)問題，讓企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)沒有后顧之憂(you)，扎(zha)根下來發(fa)(fa)展。二(er)是吸納企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)負責人(ren)(ren)參政(zheng)議政(zheng)。對優(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)的(de)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)擔(dan)任人(ren)(ren)大代表(biao)或政(zheng)協委員有的(de)還(huan)擔(dan)任了政(zheng)協常(chang)委。這些民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)優(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)代表(biao)積極為(wei)縣里的(de)經濟(ji)、社(she)會、民(min)生等工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)建(jian)言獻策，充分體現了當家(jia)作(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)的(de)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)翁意識。通過參政(zheng)議政(zheng)，也讓社(she)會和人(ren)(ren)民(min)對民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)有了更深的(de)了解。

近(jin)幾年來，隨著(zhu)我(wo)市國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改革的(de)(de)(de)不斷深(shen)化，全市工業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟成分和經(jing)營(ying)(ying)管理模式(shi)也發生了廣泛(fan)而(er)深(shen)刻的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，以股(gu)份制、個體、私(si)營(ying)(ying)等經(jing)營(ying)(ying)模式(shi)為特點的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)我(wo)市蓬勃興起。目前(qian)，全市共(gong)有(you)個體、私(si)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)5，214戶(hu)，從(cong)業(ye)(ye)人員12，387人，去年實(shi)繳稅金8，434萬元，占全市財政收入的(de)(de)(de)80%。這(zhe)些民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)滿足我(wo)市社會(hui)多(duo)方面需要、增(zeng)加職工再就業(ye)(ye)、推(tui)動全市經(jing)濟快(kuai)速發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)同時，也對黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工作提出(chu)了全新的(de)(de)(de)課題和要求(qiu)。深(shen)入研究(jiu)、探索新形勢下民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工作面臨的(de)(de)(de)新情況、新問題，加強民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工作，保證(zheng)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟健康發展(zhan)(zhan)、維護廣大(da)(da)職工的(de)(de)(de)合(he)法權益，是確保“三(san)個代(dai)表”重要思想落實(shi)到實(shi)處的(de)(de)(de)關鍵，對于鞏固黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)群眾基礎，擴大(da)(da)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組組織工作覆蓋(gai)面，增(zeng)強黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組織的(de)(de)(de)創造力、凝(ning)聚力和戰斗力，具(ju)有(you)重要意義。

一、認清發展形勢(shi)，提高對民營企業黨(dang)建工作的認識(shi)

第一(yi)(yi)，開展(zhan)(zhan)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，是(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)新領(ling)(ling)域和重要內容，是(shi)提高黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)執(zhi)(zhi)政能(neng)力(li)和領(ling)(ling)導水(shui)(shui)平的(de)(de)迫切要求(qiu)。我們(men)有(you)著長期領(ling)(ling)導國有(you)企(qi)業(ye)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)經驗，而對(dui)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導還處(chu)于探索階段。如何在(zai)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)開展(zhan)(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，對(dui)我們(men)而言是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個全新領(ling)(ling)域也(ye)是(shi)個亟待研究和探索的(de)(de)新課題。在(zai)這方(fang)面(mian)沒(mei)有(you)現成的(de)(de)經驗可(ke)以(yi)借鑒(jian)，只有(you)靠自己大膽探索，闖出一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)成功的(de)(de)路子，從一(yi)(yi)定意(yi)義上(shang)講，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)組織(zhi)能(neng)不能(neng)適應民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)經濟迅(xun)速(su)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)趨勢(shi)，并卓(zhuo)有(you)成效地開展(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，充分發揮領(ling)(ling)導作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，是(shi)對(dui)執(zhi)(zhi)政能(neng)力(li)和執(zhi)(zhi)政水(shui)(shui)平的(de)(de)新考驗。我們(men)一(yi)(yi)定要積(ji)極(ji)主動的(de)(de)迎接這一(yi)(yi)挑戰，努力(li)實現黨(dang)(dang)(dang)組織(zhi)對(dui)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導。

第二，開(kai)展(zhan)民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)黨(dang)(dang)建工(gong)作，是(shi)(shi)加強黨(dang)(dang)組(zu)織同民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)廣大職(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)聯(lian)系，鞏固黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)執政基礎(chu)的(de)(de)需(xu)要。隨著民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)大量出現(xian)和迅速發展(zhan)，在其中就業(ye)的(de)(de)人(ren)數也會越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)，這些職(zhi)工(gong)也是(shi)(shi)執政黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要社會基礎(chu)。在民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)中開(kai)展(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)工(gong)作，維(wei)護職(zhi)工(gong)群眾(zhong)的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)權(quan)益，教育(yu)職(zhi)工(gong)群眾(zhong)正確(que)認識并自覺貫(guan)徹落(luo)實黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)路線方針和政策，對于加強黨(dang)(dang)組(zu)織與民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)聯(lian)系，鞏固黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)執政基礎(chu)，具有十分重(zhong)要意(yi)義。

第三，開展民(min)(min)營企(qi)業黨(dang)建工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，是加強黨(dang)同民(min)(min)營企(qi)業經(jing)(jing)(jing)營者之間聯系，使之為全市(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)建設(she)服務的(de)(de)(de)重要保證(zheng)。民(min)(min)營企(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發展，使民(min)(min)營企(qi)業經(jing)(jing)(jing)營者隊伍(wu)在(zai)不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)擴大(da)。做(zuo)好(hao)團結、教育(yu)和引導這(zhe)些企(qi)業經(jing)(jing)(jing)營者的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，讓他們理解(jie)、支持在(zai)企(qi)業中建立黨(dang)組織，擁(yong)護黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項政策，依法經(jing)(jing)(jing)營企(qi)業，關(guan)心和保障職工(gong)(gong)群眾的(de)(de)(de)合法權(quan)益，為地(di)方經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發展做(zuo)貢獻，是擺(bai)在(zai)全市(shi)各(ge)級黨(dang)組織面前的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)分重要而又(you)緊迫的(de)(de)(de)任務。這(zhe)項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)做(zuo)好(hao)了(le)，可以在(zai)黨(dang)組織和民(min)(min)營企(qi)業之間架(jia)起一座聯系的(de)(de)(de)橋(qiao)梁，也有利于民(min)(min)營企(qi)業樹立正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)生產經(jing)(jing)(jing)營理念，更(geng)健(jian)康地(di)發展。

二、把(ba)握黨建(jian)工作原則，圍(wei)繞“中心”抓民(min)營企業黨建(jian)工作

1企(qi)業品(pin)牌(pai)及品(pin)牌(pai)策略(lve)綜述

1.1品牌的含義

品(pin)牌(pai)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種名(ming)稱，與術(shu)語(yu)、標記、符號、象征或設(she)計組合運用，并(bing)用來區別一(yi)個（或一(yi)群(qun)）賣主或其競爭者。事實上，現在的(de)(de)品(pin)牌(pai)含義已大大地被拓展了，品(pin)牌(pai)形(xing)成的(de)(de)前(qian)提是(shi)(shi)商品(pin)的(de)(de)質量，品(pin)牌(pai)創(chuang)造(zao)的(de)(de)目(mu)標是(shi)(shi)確保商品(pin)在消費者心中的(de)(de)至(zhi)尊地位。它已與企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)整體形(xing)象聯系起來，是(shi)(shi)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)“臉(lian)面”，即企(qi)業(ye)形(xing)象。

1.2什么是品牌(pai)策略

品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)策(ce)略(lve)是(shi)指企(qi)業通過創(chuang)立市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)良好品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)形像(xiang)。提升產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)度(du)(du)，并(bing)以(yi)知名度(du)(du)來開拓市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，吸引顧(gu)客，擴大(da)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)占(zhan)有(you)率(lv)，取得豐厚利潤回(hui)報，培養忠誠品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種策(ce)略(lve)選擇(ze)。品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)策(ce)略(lve)是(shi)現(xian)代化市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)營銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心。從品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)策(ce)略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)來看，一(yi)個品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)一(yi)個產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志，更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量、性能(neng)、滿足消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)效(xiao)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠程度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合體現(xian)。它(ta)凝結著企(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學管理、市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)美譽(yu)、追求完美的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精神文化內(nei)涵，決(jue)定和(he)影響著產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構與服務定位。因此(ci)，發揮品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)影響力，帶(dai)給消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)信心，給予消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)物質(zhi)和(he)精神的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)享受正是(shi)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)策(ce)略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)功能(neng)所(suo)在。

2以運動品(pin)牌為例，國(guo)內民營企業的品(pin)牌策略(lve)

民營企業黨旗紅

微山(shan)縣鑄造廠黨(dang)支(zhi)部書記李興(xing)玉

微山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鑄(zhu)造廠(chang)(chang)位(wei)于“日出斗金(jin)”美麗富繞的(de)(de)微山湖畔，西鄰(lin)“大(da)(da)風起兮云飛揚”漢高(gao)祖故(gu)里江蘇(su)省沛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)“全國(guo)(guo)(guo)五百強”企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)屯能源有限公(gong)司煤炭(tan)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)基地(di)(di)。始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于年，年來，由于我廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)(dang)支部認真加(jia)強黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)組織建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設、思想建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設和(he)(he)作風建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設，注意發揮黨(dang)(dang)組織的(de)(de)戰(zhan)斗堡壘作用和(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)員先鋒模范(fan)作用，使我廠(chang)(chang)由建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廠(chang)(chang)初期的(de)(de)家(jia)庭式小作坊企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)發展成為占地(di)(di)面積達(da)萬(wan)(wan)多(duo)(duo)平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑面積萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米，員工(gong)達(da)多(duo)(duo)人(ren)，固定資(zi)產(chan)達(da)多(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)元，流動資(zi)金(jin)多(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)元的(de)(de)大(da)(da)型企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，主(zhu)要生產(chan)裝載機(ji)(ji)驅(qu)動橋和(he)(he)工(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械、礦山機(ji)(ji)械、農業(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)械所需的(de)(de)高(gao)強度(du)、高(gao)韌性球墨鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)、灰鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)、鑄(zhu)鋼及驅(qu)動橋的(de)(de)組裝配件。共個(ge)系列多(duo)(duo)個(ge)品種(zhong)，銷往全國(guo)(guo)(guo)各地(di)(di)，并出口多(duo)(duo)個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)。××××年我廠(chang)(chang)向國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和(he)(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)上繳各種(zhong)稅金(jin)多(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)元，為當(dang)地(di)(di)群眾增加(jia)工(gong)資(zi)收入多(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)元。我本人(ren)先后(hou)被(bei)(bei)選(xuan)為市(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鄉人(ren)大(da)(da)代表，被(bei)(bei)市(shi)委、市(shi)府(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)予(yu)(yu)“全市(shi)優秀共產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)員”、“優秀民(min)營企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家(jia)”，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)府(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)予(yu)(yu)“優秀農民(min)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家(jia)”。我廠(chang)(chang)被(bei)(bei)市(shi)委、市(shi)府(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)予(yu)(yu)“先進(jin)民(min)營企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)”，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)府(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)予(yu)(yu)“強企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)”、“功勛(xun)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)”、“明(ming)星(xing)民(min)營企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)”，我廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)(dang)支部也多(duo)(duo)次被(bei)(bei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、鄉黨(dang)(dang)委授(shou)(shou)予(yu)(yu)“先進(jin)黨(dang)(dang)支部”和(he)(he)“黨(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)作先進(jin)單位(wei)”榮譽稱(cheng)號(hao)。

一、發展壯大(da)黨員隊(dui)伍，把黨的組織建起來

保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)絕對領導，這(zhe)是(shi)我(wo)(wo)們社會主(zhu)義事(shi)業(ye)興旺(wang)發(fa)(fa)達(da)的(de)(de)根(gen)本保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)，也是(shi)我(wo)(wo)們辦好企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)根(gen)本前提。而要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)領導，首先(xian)就(jiu)必須抓好黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)基層(ceng)組(zu)(zu)織隊伍建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)作，把黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織在企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)車間(jian)、科室(shi)真正(zheng)(zheng)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)起來，只有(you)(you)這(zhe)樣(yang)，才能有(you)(you)效保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)各(ge)項決(jue)議和(he)(he)(he)(he)方針政策(ce)真正(zheng)(zheng)落實到(dao)(dao)基層(ceng)。建(jian)(jian)廠(chang)(chang)初期的(de)(de)幾年(nian)，由于我(wo)(wo)們廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)少，沒有(you)(you)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支部(bu)(bu)，只成(cheng)立(li)(li)了(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)，隸(li)屬于鄉(xiang)經委黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支部(bu)(bu)直接領導和(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。年(nian)，我(wo)(wo)們廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)人(ren)，經鄉(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委批準，我(wo)(wo)們廠(chang)(chang)正(zheng)(zheng)式建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)起了(le)(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支部(bu)(bu)，經黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)選舉(ju)，鄉(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委任(ren)(ren)命我(wo)(wo)擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支部(bu)(bu)書記。支部(bu)(bu)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)起來后，在企(qi)業(ye)不斷(duan)壯大的(de)(de)同時(shi)，支部(bu)(bu)把培(pei)(pei)養(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展壯大黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊伍的(de)(de)工(gong)作列入(ru)重要(yao)議事(shi)日程(cheng)在培(pei)(pei)養(yang)發(fa)(fa)展黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊伍過程(cheng)中，我(wo)(wo)們主(zhu)要(yao)做好了(le)(le)以(yi)下幾方面(mian)的(de)(de)工(gong)作：⒈著眼于改善黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊伍素質(zhi)結構和(he)(he)(he)(he)分布結構，重點培(pei)(pei)養(yang)對象是(shi)生產經營管(guan)(guan)理(li)一(yi)線和(he)(he)(he)(he)重點崗(gang)位、關鍵崗(gang)位的(de)(de)骨干，尤其是(shi)經營管(guan)(guan)理(li)層(ceng)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)提高決(jue)策(ce)管(guan)(guan)理(li)層(ceng)中黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)比例，為黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)(zu)織參與決(jue)策(ce)、發(fa)(fa)揮政治核(he)心作用打好基礎(chu)。⒉建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展工(gong)作責任(ren)(ren)制。支部(bu)(bu)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)工(gong)作聯(lian)系員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，負責對入(ru)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對象聯(lian)系、培(pei)(pei)養(yang)、教育引導、學習培(pei)(pei)訓、實踐鍛煉，促(cu)其健康成(cheng)長(chang)。⒊健全預(yu)審(shen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)跟蹤考(kao)察(cha)制度(du)。根(gen)據企(qi)業(ye)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)特(te)殊性(xing)，員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)思想的(de)(de)多維性(xing)，動機(ji)行(xing)為的(de)(de)易變性(xing)，在發(fa)(fa)展黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)，嚴格(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)標準，遵循(xun)發(fa)(fa)展程(cheng)序(xu)，對入(ru)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進行(xing)入(ru)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)前資(zi)格(ge)預(yu)審(shen)、公示，確定為預(yu)備黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)后再進行(xing)跟蹤考(kao)察(cha)，確保(bao)(bao)了(le)(le)新發(fa)(fa)展黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)量。現在我(wo)(wo)廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)已發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)名，支部(bu)(bu)下屬的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)已發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)個(ge)，基本達(da)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)每個(ge)車間(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)科室(shi)都有(you)(you)一(yi)個(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)。由于我(wo)(wo)廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織健全，使(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)決(jue)議和(he)(he)(he)(he)各(ge)項規(gui)章的(de)(de)貫徹落實基本達(da)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)暢通無阻(zu)。

在發(fa)展(zhan)壯(zhuang)大黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員隊伍(wu)的(de)同時，廠(chang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)支部(bu)不斷規(gui)范完(wan)(wan)善(shan)了黨(dang)(dang)(dang)組織工作(zuo)規(gui)則，先后規(gui)范完(wan)(wan)善(shan)了黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員工作(zuo)目(mu)標管理(li)責任(ren)制(zhi)度(du)、“”制(zhi)度(du)，民主評議制(zhi)度(du)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員教育管理(li)制(zhi)度(du)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員聯系職工群眾制(zhi)度(du)等制(zhi)度(du)建設，使支部(bu)的(de)各(ge)項活動有章可循，有章可依。

民營(ying)企業黨旗紅 微山縣鑄造廠黨支部書記李(li)興玉(yu)

微山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)廠(chang)(chang)位于“日出斗金”美(mei)麗(li)富繞的(de)(de)微山(shan)湖畔，西(xi)鄰“大(da)風(feng)起兮云飛揚”漢(han)高(gao)祖故里江蘇省沛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)“全國(guo)(guo)五(wu)百強”企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)屯能(neng)源有限公司煤炭工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基地。始建(jian)于1985年，19年來，由于我(wo)廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)支部認(ren)真加強黨(dang)的(de)(de)組織建(jian)設(she)、思想建(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)風(feng)建(jian)設(she)，注意發揮黨(dang)組織的(de)(de)戰斗堡壘(lei)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用和(he)(he)(he)黨(dang)員先(xian)鋒模范(fan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，使我(wo)廠(chang)(chang)由建(jian)廠(chang)(chang)初期的(de)(de)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭式小作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)坊(fang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展成為(wei)占地面(mian)積達79萬(wan)多(duo)平(ping)方米(mi)，建(jian)筑面(mian)積3.8萬(wan)平(ping)方米(mi)，員工(gong)達1000多(duo)人，固定資(zi)產(chan)達4200多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，流動資(zi)金4600多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)大(da)型企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，主要生產(chan)裝(zhuang)載機驅動橋(qiao)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)程機械(xie)、礦山(shan)機械(xie)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機械(xie)所需的(de)(de)高(gao)強度、高(gao)韌性球(qiu)墨鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)、灰鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)、鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)及驅動橋(qiao)的(de)(de)組裝(zhuang)配件。共26個系列(lie)300多(duo)個品種，銷往全國(guo)(guo)各地，并出口多(duo)個國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)。2003年我(wo)廠(chang)(chang)向國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)地方上繳(jiao)各種稅金1200多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，為(wei)當(dang)地群眾增加工(gong)資(zi)收入2100多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。我(wo)本人先(xian)后被選為(wei)市縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鄉人大(da)代表，被市委、市府授(shou)(shou)予“全市優秀(xiu)(xiu)共產(chan)黨(dang)員”、“優秀(xiu)(xiu)民營企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)”，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)府授(shou)(shou)予“優秀(xiu)(xiu)農(nong)民企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)”。我(wo)廠(chang)(chang)被市委、市府授(shou)(shou)予“先(xian)進民營企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)府授(shou)(shou)予“強企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”、“功(gong)勛企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”、“明星民營企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，我(wo)廠(chang)(chang)黨(dang)支部也多(duo)次被縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、鄉黨(dang)委授(shou)(shou)予“先(xian)進黨(dang)支部”和(he)(he)(he)“黨(dang)建(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)先(xian)進單位”榮譽稱(cheng)號。

一、發展壯大黨(dang)員隊(dui)伍，把黨(dang)的組織(zhi)建起(qi)來

保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)絕(jue)對領導，這是我(wo)(wo)們(men)社會(hui)主義(yi)事業興旺發(fa)(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)的(de)(de)根(gen)本保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)，也是我(wo)(wo)們(men)辦好企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)根(gen)本前提(ti)。而要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)領導，首(shou)先就必須抓好黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)基(ji)層組(zu)(zu)織隊(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設工作(zuo)，把(ba)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)車(che)間(jian)、科(ke)(ke)室(shi)真正建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)起來(lai)，只有(you)這樣，才能(neng)有(you)效保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)各項(xiang)決議和(he)(he)方針(zhen)政策真正落實到(dao)基(ji)層。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廠初期的(de)(de)幾年，由于我(wo)(wo)們(men)廠黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)少，沒有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)，只成(cheng)立(li)了一(yi)個(ge)(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)，隸屬于鄉經(jing)(jing)委黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)直接領導和(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)。1987年，我(wo)(wo)們(men)廠的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)5人，經(jing)(jing)鄉黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委批(pi)準，我(wo)(wo)們(men)廠正式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)起了黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu),經(jing)(jing)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)選舉，鄉黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委任(ren)(ren)命我(wo)(wo)擔任(ren)(ren)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)書記。支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)起來(lai)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)業不斷壯大(da)的(de)(de)同時，支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)把(ba)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壯大(da)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)工作(zuo)列入重要(yao)議事日程(cheng).在(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍過(guo)程(cheng)中，我(wo)(wo)們(men)主要(yao)做好了以(yi)下(xia)幾方面的(de)(de)工作(zuo)：1、著眼于改善(shan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)隊(dui)伍素質結(jie)構和(he)(he)分(fen)布結(jie)構，重點培(pei)(pei)養(yang)對象是生(sheng)產經(jing)(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)一(yi)線和(he)(he)重點崗(gang)位、關(guan)鍵崗(gang)位的(de)(de)骨干，尤(you)其(qi)是經(jing)(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)層人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)提(ti)高決策管(guan)理(li)層中黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)比例，為黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)(zu)織參(can)與決策、發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮政治(zhi)核心作(zuo)用(yong)打好基(ji)礎。2、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)工作(zuo)責任(ren)(ren)制。支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)擔任(ren)(ren)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作(zuo)聯(lian)系員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，負責對入黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對象聯(lian)系、培(pei)(pei)養(yang)、教育引(yin)導、學(xue)習培(pei)(pei)訓、實踐(jian)鍛煉(lian)，促其(qi)健康(kang)成(cheng)長(chang)。3、健全預(yu)審和(he)(he)跟蹤考察(cha)制度。根(gen)據企(qi)(qi)業環境的(de)(de)特殊性(xing)，員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工思想(xiang)的(de)(de)多(duo)維性(xing)，動機行為的(de)(de)易變性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時，嚴格(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)標準，遵循(xun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)程(cheng)序(xu)，對入黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進行入黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)前資格(ge)預(yu)審、公示，確定為預(yu)備(bei)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)后(hou)再進行跟蹤考察(cha)，確保(bao)(bao)了新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質量(liang)。現在(zai)(zai)我(wo)(wo)廠黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)已發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)26名(ming)，支(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)下(xia)屬的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)已發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)9個(ge)(ge)，基(ji)本達(da)(da)到(dao)了每個(ge)(ge)車(che)間(jian)和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)室(shi)都有(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)小(xiao)組(zu)(zu)。由于我(wo)(wo)廠黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織健全，使黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)決議和(he)(he)各項(xiang)規章的(de)(de)貫徹落實基(ji)本達(da)(da)到(dao)了暢通無阻。

在發展壯大黨員(yuan)隊伍的(de)(de)同時，廠黨支部不斷規(gui)范完(wan)善(shan)了黨組織(zhi)工作規(gui)則，先后規(gui)范完(wan)善(shan)了黨員(yuan)工作目標(biao)管(guan)(guan)理責任制度(du)(du)(du)、“”制度(du)(du)(du)，民主評議制度(du)(du)(du)、黨員(yuan)教育管(guan)(guan)理制度(du)(du)(du)、黨員(yuan)聯系職工群眾制度(du)(du)(du)等制度(du)(du)(du)建設，使支部的(de)(de)各項(xiang)活動有(you)章可循，有(you)章可依。

二、加強思想建設，讓黨的旗幟飄起來

企業調研報告

民營企業招(zhao)商引資調研報告

一、當前招商引資(zi)的現狀

今(jin)年—月，全(quan)市新批三資企業(ye)家，總投資萬(wan)(wan)元，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)，合同(tong)(tong)外(wai)(wai)資額萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)，外(wai)(wai)資到位萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)。今(jin)年月，全(quan)省新批外(wai)(wai)商投資企業(ye)家，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)合同(tong)(tong)外(wai)(wai)資萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)，實(shi)際使(shi)用外(wai)(wai)資萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)。

今年月份(fen)，全國新批設(she)立外(wai)商投資(zi)企業家(jia)，比(bi)(bi)去年同期增長(chang)(chang)；合同外(wai)資(zi)億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)(chang)；實際使用外(wai)資(zi)金(jin)億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)(chang)。

二(er)、創新民營企業招商引資(zi)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)方式

[摘(zhai)要]在信息(xi)不(bu)對稱、金融(rong)(rong)(rong)結構(gou)、金融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配置二元特(te)性、信貸配給等條件下民營企業(ye)會陷入(ru)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)困境(jing)，而利(li)(li)率(lv)市場(chang)化(hua)將使這一(yi)(yi)(yi)難題(ti)有所緩(huan)解，對民營企業(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)難的(de)問題(ti)具有了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定積極作(zuo)用(yong)，包括(kuo)提(ti)高金融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)貸款積極性、拓(tuo)展(zhan)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)渠道、促進銀行業(ye)務創新等方面。本文對如何借助利(li)(li)率(lv)市場(chang)化(hua)潮(chao)流進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步解決民營企業(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)難的(de)問題(ti)提(ti)出了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些建設性意見。

[關鍵字(zi)]利率市(shi)場(chang)化；民(min)營企業；融資

一、民營企業(ye)融資約束(shu)成(cheng)因(yin)

黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)報告指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)：“毫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動搖鞏(gong)固和發(fa)展公有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，毫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動搖鼓(gu)勵、支持(chi)(chi)、引(yin)(yin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)非(fei)公有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)展”，為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)展指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)光明(ming)(ming)(ming)前景。然(ran)而(er)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)難(nan)(nan)(nan)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)也(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)困(kun)擾民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)難(nan)(nan)(nan)題(ti)(ti)。據(ju)2013年公布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《小(xiao)微企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)展報告：中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)報告及(ji)亞洲實(shi)(shi)踐》表(biao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)4%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)表(biao)示他(ta)(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)借(jie)款成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)在(zai)(zai)(zai)6%~10%，剩余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)40.6%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)則認為(wei)他(ta)(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)借(jie)款成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)超出(chu)(chu)(chu)10%。有(you)(you)(you)40%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)甚至(zhi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)向(xiang)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支付(fu)超出(chu)(chu)(chu)基準利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)2倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)額(e)溢價，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)，有(you)(you)(you)些民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)即使愿意支付(fu)高(gao)(gao)額(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溢價也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)定能夠得(de)到(dao)(dao)貸(dai)(dai)款。這(zhe)(zhe)表(biao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)外部融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)面臨民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)(nan)(nan)題(ti)(ti)。（一(yi)）信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)完全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)場環(huan)境下(xia)(xia)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)和外部資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)能夠相互(hu)替代。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)場不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)完全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境下(xia)(xia)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)會(hui)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)外部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)差(cha)異，進(jin)(jin)而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)市(shi)(shi)場會(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)逆向(xiang)選擇(ze)效(xiao)應，進(jin)(jin)而(er)可(ke)能發(fa)生(sheng)道德風險，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)違(wei)約(yue)(yue)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，使得(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)貸(dai)(dai)款供給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)減少造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)而(er)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)外部融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)決(jue)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模，規(gui)(gui)模越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)越(yue)低，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)越(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財務(wu)(wu)(wu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)披(pi)露程(cheng)度(du)等“硬信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)”非(fei)常有(you)(you)(you)限并且(qie)透(tou)明(ming)(ming)(ming)度(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)量(liang)小(xiao)、有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)欺詐行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)、缺(que)乏信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)理(li)念、無(wu)法提(ti)(ti)供有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)抵(di)(di)(di)押物(wu)，這(zhe)(zhe)些原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疊(die)加使得(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更(geng)加傾向(xiang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)貸(dai)(dai)款發(fa)放(fang)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)有(you)(you)(you)足夠抵(di)(di)(di)押物(wu)、財務(wu)(wu)(wu)健康透(tou)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)所(suo)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)而(er)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)他(ta)(ta)們很難(nan)(nan)(nan)從銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)獲得(de)貸(dai)(dai)款。早在(zai)(zai)(zai)1930年左右，英國(guo)(guo)(guo)政府出(chu)(chu)(chu)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)報告就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)供給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)方(fang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)按照(zhao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求來(lai)(lai)提(ti)(ti)供貸(dai)(dai)款，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“麥克米倫缺(que)口(kou)”。其(qi)實(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)個缺(que)口(kou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)英國(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)上也(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)常會(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)程(cheng)度(du)地(di)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)，出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)缺(que)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)錯綜復(fu)雜，既有(you)(you)(you)宏觀經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)又有(you)(you)(you)微觀運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)因(yin)(yin)素，其(qi)中(zhong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)。而(er)此時(shi)(shi)(shi)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)便是(shi)(shi)(shi)由信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)所(suo)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)越(yue)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)財務(wu)(wu)(wu)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)效(xiao)果就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)越(yue)好(hao)(hao)。（二(er)）金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)。世(shi)界銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)學家(jia)Beck認為(wei)：金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)發(fa)展水平(ping)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)外部融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)非(fei)常重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。隨(sui)著(zhu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)和結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷發(fa)展和完善，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模塊將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)更(geng)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)性(xing)。林(lin)毅夫(fu)（2009）提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)優(you)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)理(li)論(lun)，其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)認為(wei)每個時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)會(hui)隨(sui)著(zhu)每個特定經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)展階(jie)段而(er)動態演變。報告中(zhong)強調，必(bi)須把發(fa)展經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)著(zhu)力點(dian)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上，這(zhe)(zhe)對(dui)(dui)(dui)引(yin)(yin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)廣大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)定力，堅(jian)守(shou)實(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)產(chan)生(sheng)積(ji)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。事實(shi)(shi)上能夠匹配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)實(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)需求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)才(cai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)優(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)，最(zui)優(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)區域性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。林(lin)毅夫(fu)（2001）指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)高(gao)(gao)度(du)集中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)健全(quan)(quan)和完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，會(hui)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)難(nan)(nan)(nan)。銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充分(fen)(fen)競爭會(hui)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地(di)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)并且(qie)會(hui)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)風險。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“軟信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)”對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)龐大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)復(fu)雜、信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)傳(chuan)遞鏈條(tiao)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)言(yan)，想(xiang)(xiang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)識(shi)別企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)好(hao)(hao)壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)是(shi)(shi)(shi)很高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)言(yan)它(ta)們也(ye)沒有(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)(zhe)種激勵去識(shi)別。（三）金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)置二(er)元(yuan)(yuan)特性(xing)。我(wo)們國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)長(chang)期(qi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)均衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)元(yuan)(yuan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)分(fen)(fen)化(hua)出(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)和民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)也(ye)被劃分(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)和正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)元(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)(shi)場。這(zhe)(zhe)種“歧(qi)視”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)元(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)直接(jie)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公。基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)種國(guo)(guo)(guo)情(qing)，通(tong)過政府的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隱性(xing)擔保(bao)、利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)制和信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)規(gui)(gui)模控(kong)制因(yin)(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共同(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)會(hui)極(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)地(di)向(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)傾斜(xie)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)獲得(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)(nan)(nan)度(du)比想(xiang)(xiang)象中(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)二(er)元(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)(shi)場歧(qi)視的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)場進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)透(tou)明(ming)(ming)(ming)、無(wu)法提(ti)(ti)供抵(di)(di)(di)押導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)獲得(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)(nan)(nan)度(du)加大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)非(fei)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)提(ti)(ti)供了(le)(le)機(ji)(ji)(ji)會(hui)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)缺(que)少監(jian)管(guan)，放(fang)貸(dai)(dai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)會(hui)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)上升(sheng)(sheng)。另(ling)外，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)影(ying)子(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)展給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)帶來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)負面影(ying)響(xiang)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)借(jie)貸(dai)(dai)等非(fei)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)難(nan)(nan)(nan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)高(gao)(gao)、運作(zuo)(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)規(gui)(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端只能使民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個補充角色存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)。（四）信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)。學術(shu)界普(pu)遍(bian)認為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)身擁有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)少，以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)誠(cheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)，從而(er)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)指(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)會(hui)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)市(shi)(shi)場均衡利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，因(yin)(yin)此一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)借(jie)款者(zhe)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)被配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)出(chu)(chu)(chu)局。在(zai)(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)會(hui)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯地(di)減弱原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)先(xian)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)。因(yin)(yin)此，在(zai)(zai)(zai)管(guan)制利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)背景下(xia)(xia)只需要(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)水平(ping)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)能減小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)要(yao)(yao)(yao)顯著(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)模普(pu)遍(bian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模呈(cheng)現(xian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)反向(xiang)關系(xi)(xi)；金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推進(jin)(jin)有(you)(you)(you)助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)獲得(de)貸(dai)(dai)款，當金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)較高(gao)(gao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)會(hui)得(de)到(dao)(dao)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，會(hui)減小(xiao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，從而(er)緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)。根據(ju)傳(chuan)統信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)給(gei)(gei)(gei)(gei)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析，貸(dai)(dai)款利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)逆向(xiang)選擇(ze)效(xiao)應，雖然(ran)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預期(qi)收益(yi)會(hui)增加，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)那些高(gao)(gao)風險的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)增大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)違(wei)約(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)還貸(dai)(dai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)低。利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)調控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)應該根據(ju)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)而(er)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)異化(hua)利(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，這(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)化(hua)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)貸(dai)(dai)款質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)一(yi)環(huan)。合理(li)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)貸(dai)(dai)款抵(di)(di)(di)押品(pin)設定，并増(zeng)加對(dui)(dui)(dui)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)人員貸(dai)(dai)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)管(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)從根本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)上解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)方(fang)法。

二、利率市(shi)場化給民營(ying)企業融資帶(dai)來的(de)機遇

（一(yi)(yi)(yi)）銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)競爭(zheng)(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇，有(you)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)各銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)供(gong)給。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)被逐漸(jian)縮小。如(ru)果存(cun)(cun)(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)上限放(fang)開(kai)(kai)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)了(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)證原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)必然(ran)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)失去一(yi)(yi)(yi)些已有(you)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)，風險(xian)(xian)(xian)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)為(wei)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)次優選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)給了(le)(le)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。另外(wai)(wai)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)競爭(zheng)(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇，又(you)必然(ran)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)把貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)下(xia)(xia)調(diao)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)緩(huan)解。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)依(yi)靠市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)份(fen)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)模式將(jiang)難(nan)以(yi)(yi)持續，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從(cong)重(zhong)視規(gui)(gui)模擴(kuo)(kuo)張(zhang)轉(zhuan)向重(zhong)視資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)逐漸(jian)得(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)重(zhong)視。在(zai)(zai)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時期，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)受限，金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)波動(dong)以(yi)(yi)及對(dui)(dui)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)反映(ying)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)供(gong)給與(yu)(yu)需(xu)求，導致(zhi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)(dui)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)消(xiao)極(ji)。在(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)溢價(jia)(jia)無法(fa)反映(ying)出(chu)來(lai)(lai)，因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)追求穩定(ding)收(shou)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想法(fa)驅動(dong)下(xia)(xia)，大(da)(da)型(xing)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)更受青睞，使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)環境變得(de)(de)(de)(de)異(yi)常困難(nan)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)(xia)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)獲得(de)(de)(de)(de)更多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)權利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配置(zhi)顯現(xian)出(chu)更多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)力，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)充分真(zhen)實地反映(ying)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競爭(zheng)(zheng)日趨激(ji)烈(lie)，為(wei)了(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)持盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)為(wei)最(zui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)(dui)象，在(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)背(bei)景(jing)下(xia)(xia)，利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)浮動(dong)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)地具有(you)彈性(xing)，浮動(dong)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)可以(yi)(yi)滿足(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)需(xu)求。從(cong)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極(ji)性(xing)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)變得(de)(de)(de)(de)更大(da)(da)。在(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)還處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，央行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準備(bei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)對(dui)(dui)所(suo)有(you)規(gui)(gui)模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)(zhe)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)擴(kuo)(kuo)張(zhang)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顧(gu)慮。另外(wai)(wai)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)受到(dao)嚴格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)無法(fa)為(wei)其(qi)(qi)授信(xin)(xin)，因(yin)為(wei)難(nan)以(yi)(yi)貼補(bu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)潛在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失，尤(you)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)根(gen)據(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)靈(ling)活(huo)(huo)調(diao)整(zheng)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)政策，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)艱難(nan)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)沒有(you)限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，大(da)(da)型(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)相對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)比之(zhi)前更容(rong)易爭(zheng)(zheng)搶到(dao)大(da)(da)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)推(tui)動(dong)了(le)(le)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)專注(zhu)(zhu)做民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。另外(wai)(wai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)型(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)來(lai)(lai)說，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)所(suo)帶來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)壓(ya)力，他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)源也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)傾向民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)對(dui)(dui)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專一(yi)(yi)(yi)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)了(le)(le)鯰(nian)魚(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)應，為(wei)了(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)持住市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)份(fen)額與(yu)(yu)盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平，使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)型(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)構(gou)(gou)(gou)也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)問題(ti)。這(zhe)(zhe)些變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)有(you)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)緩(huan)解民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)困境。（二）利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)進(jin)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)創新(xin)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)導致(zhi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)存(cun)(cun)(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)減少，為(wei)了(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)持自(zi)(zi)身(shen)收(shou)益，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)擴(kuo)(kuo)大(da)(da)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)規(gui)(gui)模，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)擴(kuo)(kuo)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，存(cun)(cun)(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)便(bian)是(shi)關(guan)(guan)鍵，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)存(cun)(cun)(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)，傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)為(wei)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)潤(run)來(lai)(lai)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)模式不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足(zu)(zu)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)了(le)(le)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)放(fang)開(kai)(kai)，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)將(jiang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)(zhu)點放(fang)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)上。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)促進(jin)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)，推(tui)出(chu)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)工具與(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)與(yu)(yu)表(biao)外(wai)(wai)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)，強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)手段。因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)激(ji)烈(lie)競爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai)，僅僅依(yi)靠價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，應該在(zai)(zai)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)平方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)創新(xin)，在(zai)(zai)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)創新(xin)上，最(zui)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)運(yun)用(yong)靈(ling)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)創新(xin)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，因(yin)為(wei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)是(shi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)紐帶，通(tong)過金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)連接民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)背(bei)景(jing)下(xia)(xia)、激(ji)烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)持優勢。銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)了(le)(le)積(ji)極(ji)拓展民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)，可通(tong)過差(cha)(cha)(cha)異(yi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷，為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)需(xu)求，例(li)如(ru)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)卡(ka)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)、小額儲蓄存(cun)(cun)(cun)單(dan)、資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)證券化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系列金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，這(zhe)(zhe)些貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)便(bian)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，降低(di)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)讓民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)更有(you)針對(dui)(dui)性(xing)地選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，結合自(zi)(zi)身(shen)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)情(qing)(qing)況提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，降低(di)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)。（三）利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)擴(kuo)(kuo)大(da)(da)了(le)(le)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)范圍，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)運(yun)用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)收(shou)窄，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)通(tong)過差(cha)(cha)(cha)異(yi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)戰略、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)創新(xin)來(lai)(lai)爭(zheng)(zheng)取客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)，因(yin)此(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)涌現(xian)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以(yi)(yi)根(gen)據(ju)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際情(qing)(qing)況選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度上補(bu)上民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)抵押擔保(bao)(bao)品(pin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)、財務(wu)(wu)(wu)信(xin)(xin)息不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)全面(mian)(mian)等(deng)(deng)劣勢，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)結合自(zi)(zi)身(shen)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展計(ji)劃與(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)運(yun)用(yong)計(ji)劃，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展相關(guan)(guan)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)改革影響著資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)良性(xing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)相輔相成(cheng)，實現(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)配置(zhi)。在(zai)(zai)國(guo)家推(tui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，需(xu)要(yao)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合，成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)順利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)推(tui)動(dong)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)應采(cai)取措(cuo)施(shi)積(ji)極(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)來(lai)(lai)適(shi)應利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)得(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)極(ji)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)簡單(dan)地放(fang)松利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)進(jin)有(you)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)形成(cheng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)體系。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)形成(cheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)自(zi)(zi)由定(ding)價(jia)(jia)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，并且是(shi)在(zai)(zai)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)收(shou)益較為(wei)對(dui)(dui)等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下(xia)(xia)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)可以(yi)(yi)為(wei)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)自(zi)(zi)由化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參與(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)體會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)波動(dong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)刺激(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。較長時間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)都(dou)(dou)過多(duo)(duo)(duo)地依(yi)靠金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)少之(zhi)又(you)少，但(dan)(dan)這(zhe)(zhe)種過多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依(yi)賴會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)升高(gao)(gao)(gao)、融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)相對(dui)(dui)低(di)下(xia)(xia)，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)也會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)動(dong)力不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)。隨著利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐步推(tui)進(jin)，金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)議價(jia)(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力相對(dui)(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)變弱(ruo)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)渠(qu)(qu)道(dao)，進(jin)而(er)促進(jin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，實現(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層次結構(gou)(gou)(gou)。（四）利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)可以(yi)(yi)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)遏(e)(e)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)法(fa)借(jie)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，我國(guo)經濟生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)事(shi)實上形成(cheng)了(le)(le)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)及民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)借(jie)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)軌制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)借(jie)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)受到(dao)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擠壓(ya)，非(fei)法(fa)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)現(xian)象將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)受到(dao)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遏(e)(e)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)偏離(li)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)平均利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)潤(run)太多(duo)(duo)(duo)，從(cong)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)導致(zhi)過多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)涌向民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)借(jie)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，有(you)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)維護(hu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)穩定(ding)。同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)地下(xia)(xia)錢莊(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)非(fei)法(fa)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依(yi)賴將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)降低(di)，從(cong)正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)渠(qu)(qu)道(dao)獲得(de)(de)(de)(de)貸(dai)(dai)(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)支持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。取消(xiao)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)和風險(xian)(xian)(xian)都(dou)(dou)將(jiang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降低(di)。

一、西(xi)部民(min)營企(qi)業融資(zi)方面存(cun)在的問題

（一）資金缺口(kou)大(da)，融(rong)資困難

西部民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)發展中存在的(de)(de)一(yi)個突出問題是資金短缺，融資困(kun)難(nan)，這(zhe)已(yi)成(cheng)為我(wo)國西部地區企(qi)業(ye)發展的(de)(de)瓶頸。世界(jie)銀行(xing)一(yi)份研究報告表明(ming)：中國有81％的(de)(de)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)認(ren)為“一(yi)年內的(de)(de)流(liu)動資金不(bu)能滿足(zu)需要”、60％的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)“沒有中長期貸款”。國家(jia)統(tong)計局(ju)的(de)(de)《民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)發展問題研究》表明(ming)，在生產經營(ying)上，融資比較困(kun)難(nan)和很困(kun)難(nan)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)仍為68％和14％，資金不(bu)足(zu)成(cheng)為企(qi)業(ye)經營(ying)困(kun)難(nan)的(de)(de)重要原因。

（二）融資(zi)方(fang)式(shi)單(dan)一

在我(wo)國民(min)營企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，融資(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)方式非常(chang)不對稱，95％以(yi)上都是(shi)向銀行(xing)貸(dai)款(kuan)，還(huan)有5％的(de)(de)是(shi)采用(yong)直接融資(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)方式。尤其是(shi)西部(bu)地區的(de)(de)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融資(zi)(zi)在很大(da)程(cheng)度上還(huan)是(shi)依賴于銀行(xing)貸(dai)款(kuan)，然而，壟(long)斷了信貸(dai)資(zi)(zi)金達80％的(de)(de)四大(da)國有商業(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)卻將發展戰(zhan)略(lve)定位(wei)于“大(da)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、大(da)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)”，使中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在借(jie)款(kuan)時(shi)，與國有大(da)中(zhong)型企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)相比，不僅(jin)很難(nan)獲(huo)得優惠利率，而且(qie)(qie)還(huan)要(yao)求(qiu)支付比國有大(da)中(zhong)型企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)借(jie)款(kuan)多(duo)得多(duo)的(de)(de)浮動(dong)利息。銀行(xing)對中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)貸(dai)款(kuan)多(duo)采取抵押或擔(dan)保方式，不僅(jin)手續(xu)繁雜，而且(qie)(qie)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)還(huan)要(yao)付出擔(dan)保費(fei)、抵押資(zi)(zi)產評估(gu)等相關費(fei)用(yong)，融資(zi)(zi)成本偏高。

（三）非正規(gui)的(de)融資現象嚴(yan)重

摘要：國(guo)內企(qi)業(ye)受到(dao)國(guo)際(ji)金融危機的(de)動蕩之影(ying)響，國(guo)內貿易(yi)競爭已(yi)經日趨激(ji)烈(lie)，我國(guo)企(qi)業(ye)面(mian)對內憂(you)外患的(de)緊張(zhang)局面(mian)，我國(guo)的(de)民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)未(wei)來更是需要開辟(pi)新的(de)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)。本文從宏(hong)觀和微觀兩個層面(mian)給(gei)予(yu)了(le)相(xiang)關(guan)發(fa)展(zhan)對策的(de)建(jian)議，從不(bu)同角度(du)分析(xi)了(le)我國(guo)民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)未(wei)來國(guo)際(ji)營銷的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)途(tu)徑，旨在為企(qi)業(ye)的(de)下(xia)一步發(fa)展(zhan)提供參(can)考。

關鍵(jian)詞：經(jing)濟(ji)發展(zhan)；民營企業；國(guo)際營銷(xiao)；策略

在(zai)全球(qiu)(qiu)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)一體化趨勢(shi)加(jia)(jia)強的(de)(de)(de)背景(jing)下，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿易的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)也(ye)在(zai)如(ru)火(huo)如(ru)荼開(kai)展(zhan)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)也(ye)異常激烈。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，雖(sui)面(mian)臨(lin)著機遇，同(tong)時也(ye)面(mian)臨(lin)著挑戰(zhan)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)要想(xiang)繼續生存和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)下去(qu)，經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者就(jiu)必須要想(xiang)盡(jin)辦(ban)法來降低成本，提(ti)高(gao)效率，擴(kuo)大市(shi)場，提(ti)高(gao)服(fu)務質量(liang)，加(jia)(jia)強自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)競(jing)爭(zheng)力。無論是(shi)發(fa)達國(guo)(guo)家還是(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家，民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)都在(zai)其各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)活動(dong)中(zhong)扮演著非常重要的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)色。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現(xian)在(zai)已經(jing)(jing)進入了后WTO時期，積(ji)極(ji)地實施“走出去(qu)”戰(zhan)略是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)擴(kuo)大國(guo)(guo)際(ji)影(ying)響力，提(ti)高(gao)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)力的(de)(de)(de)必由之路。民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)和(he)產業(ye)(ye)鏈中(zhong)起(qi)著重要的(de)(de)(de)作用，隨著經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)全球(qiu)(qiu)化趨勢(shi)和(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)市(shi)場化進程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)，國(guo)(guo)內民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)也(ye)面(mian)臨(lin)著“走出去(qu)”的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(李敏華,2012)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)還處(chu)于國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)步階段(duan)，怎樣推進我(wo)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)跨國(guo)(guo)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)是(shi)個值得關注(zhu)和(he)研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。

一(yi)、宏觀上的扶持策略

隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)經濟全球(qiu)化(hua)程度的(de)日(ri)益加深(shen)，國內市(shi)場也(ye)逐漸(jian)國際(ji)化(hua)，我(wo)國民營企業(ye)就面(mian)臨著(zhu)(zhu)非常大的(de)國際(ji)競(jing)爭壓力(li)，在當(dang)前全球(qiu)經濟一體化(hua)的(de)趨勢下，從宏(hong)觀(guan)的(de)層面(mian)對于民營企業(ye)的(de)國際(ji)性應給(gei)與以下的(de)支持(chi)。

1.加大(da)政策(ce)扶(fu)持力度，創造(zao)良好的貿易環境(jing)