導語：企業行政管理模式(shi)分(fen)析(xi)一文來源于網(wang)友上(shang)傳，不代表本站觀點，若需要原創文章(zhang)可咨詢客服老師，歡迎參考。

企業行政管理篇1

摘要(yao)：鑒(jian)于信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)(shu)與學(xue)(xue)科(ke)融(rong)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究現(xian)狀，以(yi)及企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)課(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)教學(xue)(xue)現(xian)狀，筆者認(ren)為真正實現(xian)信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)(shu)與專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)共(gong)同學(xue)(xue)習(xi)的(de)(de)(de)深入融(rong)合(he)研(yan)究相對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)少。本文(wen)以(yi)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)需求(qiu)為引領(ling)，有(you)效融(rong)合(he)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)課(ke)程(cheng)與信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)內容，一(yi)方面(mian)加(jia)強(qiang)了企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)課(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息化教學(xue)(xue)水平，促(cu)進專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)程(cheng)建設；另一(yi)方面(mian)使得信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)(shu)課(ke)程(cheng)更加(jia)具有(you)職業(ye)(ye)化特(te)征(zheng)，符合(he)中職學(xue)(xue)科(ke)教學(xue)(xue)要(yao)求(qiu)，有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究意(yi)義和效果。

關鍵詞(ci)：信息技術；企業(ye)行政管(guan)理；教學融合；教學設計(ji)

一、教學融(rong)合案(an)例背景

（一）信息技術跨學科研究現狀

隨著信息技術對各學(xue)科教(jiao)學(xue)的(de)影響(xiang)逐漸加深，信息技術與(yu)學(xue)科融合(he)已經成(cheng)為當(dang)下流行的(de)發展趨(qu)勢。但是圍繞如(ru)何運用信息技術輔助教(jiao)學(xue)的(de)研究較(jiao)多，而真正實現(xian)學(xue)科融合(he)教(jiao)學(xue)，讓學(xue)生在學(xue)習專業(ye)知(zhi)識的(de)同時掌(zhang)握對應(ying)輔助的(de)信息技術手段的(de)研究卻有限。

（二(er)）企(qi)業行政管理教(jiao)學現狀(zhuang)

企(qi)業(ye)行政(zheng)管理(li)(li)(li)作(zuo)為文(wen)秘專(zhuan)業(ye)的核心課(ke)程，主要面(mian)向基層工作(zuo)文(wen)員、企(qi)業(ye)辦(ban)公(gong)室(shi)文(wen)員等崗位，培養學生(sheng)行政(zheng)服務與管理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)。具體(ti)教學內(nei)容在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)工作(zuo)崗位中大多離不開信息技術(shu)的支持。然而現階段據筆(bi)者觀察，企(qi)業(ye)行政(zheng)管理(li)(li)(li)課(ke)程的授(shou)課(ke)依(yi)然以理(li)(li)(li)論講(jiang)授(shou)為主，教學活動難以開展，學習成果無法檢(jian)驗。學生(sheng)學會了理(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)，卻沒(mei)有(you)掌(zhang)握(wo)操作(zuo)技能(neng)；而沒(mei)有(you)實(shi)操作(zuo)為鞏固，理(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)也會成為“過眼云煙”。

二、教學融合設(she)計

（一）育人目標

通過企業行政管理與信(xin)息技(ji)術融合教學(xue)研究，面向文秘、客(ke)服(fu)、人力資源(yuan)等專業學(xue)生，對(dui)接辦公室文員、客(ke)戶服(fu)務人員、人力資源(yuan)助理等崗位，培(pei)養從事行政服(fu)務與管理工(gong)作、熟練掌(zhang)握(wo)信(xin)息技(ji)術、具(ju)有職業能(neng)力的技(ji)能(neng)型人才。

（二）設計思路

以就業(ye)(ye)為導(dao)向，根據企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)職業(ye)(ye)能(neng)力要求劃分(fen)項目(mu)，組織(zhi)教學(xue)內容，設(she)計學(xue)習(xi)過程，創設(she)工作場(chang)景，開(kai)展案(an)例分(fen)析。項目(mu)由多個(ge)任(ren)務(wu)組成(cheng)，每個(ge)任(ren)務(wu)中(zhong)包括(kuo)專業(ye)(ye)理(li)論和(he)信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)實(shi)操技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)兩部分(fen)，將行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)的(de)知(zhi)識點(dian)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)點(dian)與信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)實(shi)操技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)緊密結合。通過任(ren)務(wu)設(she)置，系統梳理(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)的(de)基礎知(zhi)識和(he)基本技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)。同時，將信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)學(xue)習(xi)內容化整為零，分(fen)解在以就業(ye)(ye)為導(dao)向的(de)學(xue)習(xi)任(ren)務(wu)中(zhong)。

（三）教學方法

一是采(cai)用任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)驅動教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)法，依照企業行(xing)政管理實際工作需(xu)求(qiu)，設(she)定符合行(xing)業需(xu)要的(de)任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)情景，以任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)引導開展教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)。任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)設(she)定要充分考慮每(mei)一個模(mo)塊的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)目標和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)內容。二是輔助(zhu)(zhu)以案例(li)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研究法，使學(xue)(xue)(xue)生在案例(li)分析中(zhong)，掌握實際崗位中(zhong)各類角色應(ying)具備的(de)技能。三是課前通過自主探(tan)究，自主尋找解(jie)決問題的(de)途徑(jing)，提(ti)升(sheng)信息(xi)素養；課上講練結(jie)合，小組(zu)合作協同(tong)完成任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)，以“同(tong)組(zu)異質”為(wei)原則，進行(xing)分組(zu)，發揮同(tong)伴學(xue)(xue)(xue)習作用；課后拓(tuo)展鞏固，采(cai)用“小導師”制，小導師協助(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師補(bu)充指導，實現(xian)先進帶后進，有助(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)分層次教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)。通過以上基本教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式(shi)，配合信息(xi)化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)資源和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)平臺(tai)組(zu)織(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)。

（四）教學資源

配合教學(xue)(xue)方(fang)法，準備充足的教學(xue)(xue)資源，主(zhu)要包括企業行政管理學(xue)(xue)習案(an)例、信息技術實操(cao)素(su)材、教學(xue)(xue)微(wei)課、導學(xue)(xue)單、有聲教材（根據(ju)課程融合設(she)計(ji)，編寫適合課程融合教學(xue)(xue)的教材，通(tong)過二(er)維碼(ma)將其(qi)他教學(xue)(xue)素(su)材、教學(xue)(xue)微(wei)課添加到教材中。學(xue)(xue)生掃描(miao)二(er)維碼(ma)就可以便捷地獲取教學(xue)(xue)資源，是一本“會說話”的教材）。

（五）信息(xi)化輔助(zhu)教(jiao)學

根據教學模式(shi)、教學內(nei)容選擇(ze)適(shi)合(he)的教學軟件和教學平臺，包括網絡教學平臺、問卷星、“馬上游”等(deng)二維碼生成平臺，抽簽器App等(deng)輔助(zhu)工(gong)具，實現課(ke)堂資(zi)源(yuan)分享、教學活動組織、教學過程評價等(deng)。

（六）教學內容(rong)融合分(fen)解

1.企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)教學內容中(zhong)“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)一(yi)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)力資源管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”可(ke)分為(wei)“招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)準備工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”“招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)現(xian)場活(huo)動組織”“員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工錄(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”等(deng)三(san)個基本任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)準備工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)涉及的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：擬訂(ding)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)案(an)(an)；收集統(tong)(tong)計(ji)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)；制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)海報。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)：Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)文(wen)(wen)本、段落格(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)及封(feng)(feng)面、目(mu)(mu)錄(lu)(lu)、頁碼(ma)設置；Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)中(zhong)“表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)”的(de)(de)插(cha)入與(yu)樣(yang)式(shi)(shi)設置，制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)申請表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)和(he)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)；Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)圖文(wen)(wen)混排，圖片、文(wen)(wen)本框、圖形、符號(hao)、藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)化(hua)(hua)橫線等(deng)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)招聘(pin)(pin)(pin)現(xian)場活(huo)動組織”中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：收集應(ying)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)；初步篩(shai)(shai)選應(ying)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)；組織筆試(shi)、面試(shi)；背(bei)景調(diao)(diao)查，心(xin)理(li)(li)(li)(li)測試(shi)。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)：電子郵箱的(de)(de)收件(jian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，網絡(luo)二(er)(er)維(wei)碼(ma)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)平臺(tai)(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，問卷星小程(cheng)序應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；了(le)(le)解(jie)Python語言(yan)對數據篩(shai)(shai)選的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；了(le)(le)解(jie)面試(shi)會場速錄(lu)(lu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)；網絡(luo)引擎應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)三(san)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工錄(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：發送錄(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)通知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)；接待員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工報到，整(zheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)新員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)資料，建(jian)立員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)；簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)動合同等(deng)。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)郵件(jian)合并批(pi)量制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)信(xin)(xin)封(feng)(feng)和(he)錄(lu)(lu)取通知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)，電子郵箱的(de)(de)發件(jian)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)；運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)中(zhong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)建(jian)立員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)。2.“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)二(er)(er)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”可(ke)以分為(wei)“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動策劃”“開展員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工培訓”“制(zhi)訂(ding)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)片”“日(ri)常(chang)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”等(deng)四(si)(si)(si)個任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動策劃”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：擬寫企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動方(fang)案(an)(an)；實施(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)是Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)，與(yu)“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)一(yi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)”相(xiang)似，可(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)復(fu)習。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)開展員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工培訓”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)宣(xuan)(xuan)講；職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力提升。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)，PPT演(yan)示文(wen)(wen)稿處理(li)(li)(li)(li)幻燈片設置，文(wen)(wen)本、圖片、色彩設計(ji)，動畫，模板等(deng)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)三(san)制(zhi)訂(ding)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)片”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：了(le)(le)解(jie)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或(huo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)片的(de)(de)概念(nian)和(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；理(li)(li)(li)(li)解(jie)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或(huo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)片的(de)(de)優勢(shi)和(he)特(te)點。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)，多媒體軟件(jian)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，如會聲會影，格(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)工廠，美(mei)圖秀秀等(deng)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)(si)日(ri)常(chang)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)了(le)(le)解(jie)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)日(ri)常(chang)宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)方(fang)法。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)：宣(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)片網絡(luo)發布(bu)途徑；官方(fang)微信(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)眾(zhong)號(hao)的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)與(yu)發布(bu)。3.“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)三(san)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)后勤服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”可(ke)分為(wei)“日(ri)常(chang)考(kao)(kao)(kao)勤統(tong)(tong)計(ji)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”“績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)”“辦(ban)理(li)(li)(li)(li)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工勞(lao)動關(guan)(guan)(guan)系”等(deng)三(san)個任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)日(ri)常(chang)考(kao)(kao)(kao)勤統(tong)(tong)計(ji)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)考(kao)(kao)(kao)勤統(tong)(tong)計(ji)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)流程(cheng)；了(le)(le)解(jie)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)：在(zai)(zai)Excel表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)中(zhong)繪制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)“考(kao)(kao)(kao)勤統(tong)(tong)計(ji)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)”，表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)樣(yang)式(shi)(shi)設置；運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)函(han)數完成考(kao)(kao)(kao)勤統(tong)(tong)計(ji)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)”中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)原(yuan)則；了(le)(le)解(jie)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)方(fang)法。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)：在(zai)(zai)Excel表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)中(zhong)繪制(zhi)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)登(deng)記表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)；在(zai)(zai)Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)中(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)個人(ren)績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)，文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)格(ge)(ge)式(shi)(shi)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)、復(fu)選框運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)等(deng)；可(ke)共享(xiang)填報的(de)(de)網絡(luo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)單制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)三(san)辦(ban)理(li)(li)(li)(li)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工勞(lao)動關(guan)(guan)(guan)系”中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系統(tong)(tong)或(huo)智慧(hui)平臺(tai)(tai)中(zhong)辦(ban)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)事手續(xu)等(deng)。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)有(you)(you)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)智慧(hui)平臺(tai)(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；Word文(wen)(wen)檔(dang)(dang)中(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輯(ji)(ji)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)免、遷調(diao)(diao)通知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)等(deng)。4.“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)四(si)(si)(si)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)全保障管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”可(ke)分為(wei)“辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)”“值班(ban)(ban)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)安(an)(an)排”兩個任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)”包(bao)(bao)含的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)點有(you)(you)：了(le)(le)解(jie)辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)種類(lei)；熟悉辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)采(cai)購流程(cheng)和(he)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)：制(zhi)定辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)購表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)；掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)網絡(luo)購物方(fang)式(shi)(shi)；企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)財務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)系統(tong)(tong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。“任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)值班(ban)(ban)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)安(an)(an)排”包(bao)(bao)含的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)點有(you)(you)：掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)擬定值班(ban)(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度；掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)值班(ban)(ban)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意的(de)(de)事項(xiang)(xiang)。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)握(wo)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)為(wei)在(zai)(zai)Excel表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)格(ge)(ge)中(zhong)，制(zhi)訂(ding)值班(ban)(ban)安(an)(an)排表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。

（七）教學評價

1.智能教(jiao)(jiao)學管理運(yun)用網絡教(jiao)(jiao)學平臺，實現(xian)(xian)課(ke)堂管理的(de)智能化，實現(xian)(xian)課(ke)堂簽到、搶答(da)、任務完成情況監測等課(ke)程(cheng)管理功能。將教(jiao)(jiao)師從瑣碎(sui)的(de)課(ke)堂管理中(zhong)解(jie)放出來，更有效地投入課(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)學中(zhong)。2.健(jian)全評(ping)(ping)價(jia)模式根據多(duo)元的(de)育人(ren)目(mu)標，合理設計由教(jiao)(jiao)師、學生、行業專業人(ren)員組(zu)成的(de)多(duo)元的(de)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)體系和評(ping)(ping)價(jia)方式，實現(xian)(xian)綜(zong)合、全面(mian)的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學評(ping)(ping)價(jia)。

三、教學實施

以“企(qi)業招聘海(hai)報(bao)制作”任(ren)務為(wei)例(li)，教學以“課前(qian)自(zi)主(zhu)探究—課上內容講授—綜合(he)實操練習—課后拓展鞏固”環節(jie)組成，基本框架如下。

（一）課前自主探(tan)究(jiu)

布(bu)置課(ke)前探究(jiu)任務，通過“導學單”指導學生思考招聘廣告需要包含哪些(xie)信(xin)息，并列出以上(shang)(shang)信(xin)息；通過網絡搜(sou)索自己想從事的(de)行業的(de)招聘海報；上(shang)(shang)傳網絡學習平(ping)臺作(zuo)為課(ke)上(shang)(shang)學習參考和課(ke)前學習情況的(de)考核。

（二）課堂教學

1.課(ke)(ke)堂引(yin)(yin)入。總結(jie)(jie)學(xue)生(sheng)課(ke)(ke)前表現，以(yi)實際任(ren)務(wu)案例引(yin)(yin)入課(ke)(ke)堂教(jiao)學(xue)。2.發(fa)(fa)布(bu)本(ben)課(ke)(ke)學(xue)習(xi)(xi)任(ren)務(wu)。要求學(xue)生(sheng)代入角色(se)(se)，作(zuo)為(wei)A公(gong)司行政部(bu)門職員，根(gen)據工作(zuo)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)需求為(wei)“人力(li)(li)資源經理”“招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)專員”“高級人力(li)(li)資源師(shi)”“行政秘(mi)書(shu)等”職位制作(zuo)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)。3.分(fen)解(jie)(jie)(jie)任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)。將本(ben)課(ke)(ke)任(ren)務(wu)分(fen)解(jie)(jie)(jie)為(wei)多(duo)個可逐步實施達成的小目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，便于開(kai)展教(jiao)學(xue)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)。具體分(fen)解(jie)(jie)(jie)為(wei)：A.學(xue)會(hui)撰(zhuan)寫招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)內容(rong)；B.學(xue)會(hui)運(yun)用(yong)Word文檔(dang)編輯公(gong)司簡介和(he)(he)(he)(he)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)海報(bao)；C.了解(jie)(jie)(jie)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)途徑(jing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)方(fang)法。4.講授“任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)A”包含的企業(ye)(ye)(ye)行政管理專業(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)，包括招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)的定義、撰(zhuan)寫內容(rong)要求等。對(dui)照實際案例，分(fen)析以(yi)上知(zhi)識(shi)點，并與學(xue)生(sheng)課(ke)(ke)前自學(xue)整理的內容(rong)作(zuo)出對(dui)比，促進思(si)考。5.完成任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)A。抽(chou)簽選擇設計崗位，請學(xue)生(sheng)通過(guo)網絡信(xin)息(xi)搜(sou)索、編輯招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)海報(bao)內容(rong)，培養學(xue)生(sheng)信(xin)息(xi)檢索能力(li)(li)的同(tong)時，加強學(xue)生(sheng)對(dui)本(ben)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)崗位的認知(zhi)。6.講授和(he)(he)(he)(he)實操(cao)任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)B。講授招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)設計的基本(ben)原則，包括圖片、文字、色(se)(se)彩的選擇和(he)(he)(he)(he)搭配；實操(cao)演示(shi)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)中企業(ye)(ye)(ye)簡介頁(ye)面和(he)(he)(he)(he)崗位招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)頁(ye)面的設計和(he)(he)(he)(he)編輯過(guo)程。7.完成任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)B。“小導(dao)師(shi)”發(fa)(fa)揮指導(dao)作(zuo)用(yong)。8.組織(zhi)教(jiao)學(xue)評(ping)價。制訂招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)制作(zuo)評(ping)價標(biao)(biao)準，組織(zhi)“招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)大會(hui)”活(huo)(huo)動(dong)，明確評(ping)價標(biao)(biao)準，開(kai)展多(duo)元點評(ping)，促進互(hu)相(xiang)學(xue)習(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)提升。9.講授任(ren)務(wu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)C。講授招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)(pin)廣告(gao)(gao)(gao)的發(fa)(fa)布(bu)途徑(jing)、各發(fa)(fa)布(bu)途徑(jing)的優劣勢以(yi)及發(fa)(fa)布(bu)流程。10.總結(jie)(jie)本(ben)任(ren)務(wu)學(xue)習(xi)(xi)的行政管理專業(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)對(dui)應(ying)的信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術技(ji)能。

（三(san)）課后(hou)拓展鞏固

布置課后拓展學習(xi)任務。請同(tong)學們通過網絡教(jiao)學平(ping)臺再次認真觀(guan)看同(tong)學們的(de)招聘(pin)廣告作品，向自己最喜歡(huan)的(de)招聘(pin)廣告中的(de)崗位投遞簡歷，復習(xi)已學知識，同(tong)時為下節課的(de)人(ren)員初步篩選做課前準(zhun)備。

四、教學融合案例的應用和推廣意義(yi)

第(di)(di)一，打(da)破傳(chuan)統(tong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管理課(ke)程(cheng)理論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)脫離實際操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀。專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)理論與(yu)(yu)(yu)實操(cao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)并舉，綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)完(wan)成企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管理工作(zuo)(zuo)任(ren)務(wu)，使專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)具(ju)(ju)有可操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)性。第(di)(di)二，打(da)破傳(chuan)統(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)課(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)缺乏(fa)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特(te)征的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)案(an)例使信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)課(ke)程(cheng)內容符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展需(xu)(xu)要，增加(jia)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)課(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)征，提(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習動力(li)，助(zhu)力(li)人才培養(yang)。第(di)(di)三，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)受限于哪個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)，跨學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)參考(kao)意義強。我(wo)(wo)們要充(chong)分(fen)認識(shi)到(dao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)已經(jing)完(wan)全(quan)融(rong)(rong)入(ru)我(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)和(he)(he)(he)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，各行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已經(jing)被信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，這意味著(zhu)各專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也(ye)(ye)必然需(xu)(xu)要信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。我(wo)(wo)們需(xu)(xu)要做的(de)(de)(de)是發(fa)掘專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)點(dian)，將(jiang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)知識(shi)點(dian)和(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)點(dian)充(chong)分(fen)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，通過合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)課(ke)程(cheng)安排和(he)(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)設計，將(jiang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)充(chong)分(fen)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。第(di)(di)四，設備要求(qiu)低，容易普及。校(xiao)園均(jun)(jun)有機(ji)(ji)房(fang)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)軟件與(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)平(ping)(ping)臺，均(jun)(jun)可免(mian)費使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，且易掌握(wo)。對(dui)設備和(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)沒有過高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，非常容易推廣。五、關于信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)深度(du)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)思考(kao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)深度(du)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，需(xu)(xu)要創新型(xing)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、高(gao)素質的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)，秉承(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)俱進的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育理念和(he)(he)(he)勇于開(kai)拓(tuo)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育精神不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)探索(suo)和(he)(he)(he)開(kai)拓(tuo)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)是一門不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)成長、不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)更新的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)，作(zuo)(zuo)為一線(xian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)，我(wo)(wo)們不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)故步(bu)自(zi)(zi)封，要隨時(shi)掌握(wo)最新技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，并有效融(rong)(rong)入(ru)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)活(huo)動中(zhong)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)要有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)意識(shi)，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理運用(yong)(yong)(yong)網(wang)絡信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)資源支(zhi)持(chi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)活(huo)動；有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)軟件和(he)(he)(he)平(ping)(ping)臺應用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理運用(yong)(yong)(yong)計算機(ji)(ji)軟件或平(ping)(ping)臺支(zhi)持(chi)課(ke)堂(tang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)組織和(he)(he)(he)評(ping)價，包括協作(zuo)(zuo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、自(zi)(zi)主探究(jiu)(jiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、任(ren)務(wu)導(dao)向、翻轉課(ke)堂(tang)、多(duo)(duo)元評(ping)價等；要有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)媒體應用(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)自(zi)(zi)主開(kai)發(fa)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)材(cai)料(liao)，包括課(ke)件、微(wei)課(ke)、情境視頻、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)游戲(xi)等。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)還要結合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)情況，在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實踐(jian)中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)探索(suo)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)課(ke)程(cheng)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，突破單純運用(yong)(yong)(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)提(ti)升(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀，實現(xian)真正的(de)(de)(de)深度(du)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)；尤其在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)職(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)，注重提(ti)升(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)能(neng)(neng)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，體現(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特(te)征，提(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研究(jiu)(jiu)雖(sui)多(duo)(duo)，但在(zai)(zai)實際教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實踐(jian)中(zhong)困(kun)難也(ye)(ye)較(jiao)多(duo)(duo)，需(xu)(xu)要我(wo)(wo)們勤于思考(kao)、勇于嘗試(shi)，具(ju)(ju)備開(kai)拓(tuo)進取的(de)(de)(de)精神，才能(neng)(neng)擔負起推進教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，實現(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)深度(du)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，培養(yang)具(ju)(ju)備良(liang)好(hao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)素養(yang)和(he)(he)(he)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)型(xing)人才的(de)(de)(de)使命。

作(zuo)者：王安琪(qi) 單(dan)位：廣州市司法職業學校(xiao)

企業行政管理篇2

一、行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)(li)理(li)(li)論和企業經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)工作的(de)概述

（一）行(xing)政管理理論(lun)概述

行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)是眾多(duo)學(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)融會貫(guan)通，其中(zhong)(zhong)囊括了(le)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)、心理(li)(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)、經濟學(xue)(xue)等學(xue)(xue)科。其理(li)(li)(li)念首先產(chan)生(sheng)于德國(guo)，馬科斯(si)·韋(wei)伯（MaxWeber）是最具(ju)(ju)代表意義的(de)(de)(de)古典管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)派，提(ti)供了(le)有(you)關公(gong)司組織系統的(de)(de)(de)抽象學(xue)(xue)說。在對這(zhe)一學(xue)(xue)說展(zhan)開(kai)深入(ru)研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)從(cong)幾(ji)個不同的(de)(de)(de)職位(wei)來展(zhan)開(kai)分(fen)階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)探(tan)究(jiu)。其中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)致(zhi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)分(fen)為高、中(zhong)(zhong)、低三個管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)階(jie)層(ceng)(ceng)，每個階(jie)層(ceng)(ceng)負責(ze)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)能大(da)相(xiang)(xiang)徑(jing)庭(ting)，員工(gong)個性追求與文(wen)化(hua)(hua)素(su)(su)養也相(xiang)(xiang)差甚遠，需要企(qi)業(ye)在不同階(jie)層(ceng)(ceng)配備相(xiang)(xiang)適應的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)員，以(yi)(yi)協調組織活動，提(ti)高企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)要素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)率。隨著經濟的(de)(de)(de)不斷發展(zhan)，為了(le)適應外部環境的(de)(de)(de)快速變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)自身也在不斷地變(bian)(bian)革與完(wan)善，領導方式、權責(ze)劃分(fen)，都(dou)更(geng)為人(ren)性化(hua)(hua)。從(cong)垂直化(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)過渡到扁平化(hua)(hua)，賦予基層(ceng)(ceng)員工(gong)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)權利，激發員工(gong)工(gong)作(zuo)積極性，從(cong)而(er)提(ti)高企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)回報率。但因為我國(guo)對企(qi)業(ye)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)領域的(de)(de)(de)探(tan)索起步比較(jiao)晚，因此，在具(ju)(ju)體運用(yong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)過程中(zhong)(zhong)還是面臨諸多(duo)困難。怎樣合理(li)(li)(li)借(jie)鑒國(guo)外行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)并(bing)有(you)效運用(yong)在國(guo)內企(qi)業(ye)經營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)是本文(wen)討論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)主題。

（二）企(qi)業經營(ying)管理工作概(gai)述

企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營管(guan)理(li)工作簡單而(er)言是指企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員為(wei)達到企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總體目標，通過設計、分(fen)析、計劃、組織、協(xie)作等方(fang)法來對(dui)(dui)公(gong)司實施科(ke)(ke)學(xue)、高效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)工作，經營管(guan)理(li)對(dui)(dui)公(gong)司而(er)言是獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，并帶有(you)綜合性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)征。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)過程中，必須(xu)以(yi)(yi)微觀和宏觀兩種視角來審(shen)視企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)和市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變動，在(zai)(zai)這兩個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)做(zuo)出指導，同時為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供(gong)專門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據分(fen)析工具和分(fen)析方(fang)法，協(xie)助(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)變化多端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場中尋找定(ding)位，同時針對(dui)(dui)現存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題采(cai)取針對(dui)(dui)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)理(li)方(fang)法，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)協(xie)助(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領導做(zuo)出正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決定(ding)，減少在(zai)(zai)決策過程中發(fa)生失(shi)誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營管(guan)理(li)工作對(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)具有(you)非常(chang)關(guan)鍵(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，提高經營管(guan)理(li)工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)幫助(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)取得更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營效(xiao)益，同時也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)促進企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)始(shi)終保持健康、平穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

二、行政管理(li)(li)理(li)(li)論在企業(ye)經營管理(li)(li)工作中的運用價值

首(shou)先，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)變(bian)(bian)得多(duo)元化(hua)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅是(shi)買進售(shou)出(chu)等(deng)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，其(qi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)復雜(za)性(xing)。盡(jin)管(guan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)在今天仍然是(shi)以(yi)達到收益為(wei)最(zui)大目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，但也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)存在許(xu)多(duo)理(li)(li)財方法(fa)和渠道(dao)，對企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)分(fen)析(xi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)只是(shi)以(yi)一(yi)次(ci)短暫的(de)(de)(de)(de)收獲得失為(wei)評價。很多(duo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)發展出(chu)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)方法(fa)，同(tong)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在慢慢建立自(zi)己具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)獨特性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)生態。其(qi)次(ci)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)了競(jing)爭(zheng)力。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)(mu)，在一(yi)個(ge)地(di)區甚至全球(qiu)都(dou)是(shi)有(you)(you)(you)很多(duo)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)(mu)，這也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)生了競(jing)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)。這種競(jing)爭(zheng)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)劇(ju)烈(lie)性(xing)特征的(de)(de)(de)(de)，許(xu)多(duo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在競(jing)爭(zheng)當(dang)中(zhong)落敗其(qi)實(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)水平存在問題有(you)(you)(you)關系(xi)。最(zui)后，當(dang)前企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)。這個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅體(ti)現企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在整(zheng)個(ge)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)當(dang)中(zhong)承擔一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，這個(ge)作用(yong)有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)發生虧損。但是(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)總體(ti)來(lai)說，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)個(ge)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)其(qi)出(chu)發點和最(zui)終目(mu)(mu)標就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)希望達到盈利。行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)(li)理(li)(li)論(lun)本(ben)身就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)優化(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學問，有(you)(you)(you)助于(yu)提(ti)高企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學性(xing)。中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)長期性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，但由于(yu)整(zheng)個(ge)市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)在持續地(di)變(bian)(bian)動(dong)(dong)，所(suo)以(yi)中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)及其(qi)所(suo)伴隨企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)在持續變(bian)(bian)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)(li)理(li)(li)論(lun)針對這些都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配套參考研究(jiu)理(li)(li)論(lun)，可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)理(li)(li)者在日常的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)當(dang)28管(guan)理(li)(li)研究(jiu)中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷地(di)反(fan)省自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足之(zhi)處，不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷調整(zheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)理(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，推動(dong)(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰略目(mu)(mu)標的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)現。

三(san)、在企業(ye)經營管理(li)工(gong)作中如(ru)何有(you)效運用(yong)行政管理(li)理(li)論

（一(yi)）為管理者提(ti)供輔助工具

對于企業來說，科(ke)(ke)學(xue)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體制關系到(dao)企業戰略目(mu)標的(de)成敗(bai)，而(er)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)想要構(gou)(gou)架(jia)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)的(de)組織(zhi)結構(gou)(gou)，就必須有效運用行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論。行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論不僅可(ke)以(yi)幫助(zhu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)從(cong)宏觀角度分(fen)(fen)析企業所處的(de)社會經(jing)濟環境(jing)(jing)、市場供需狀況、政(zheng)府行(xing)業政(zheng)策，以(yi)此幫助(zhu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)不斷調整(zheng)企業管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式以(yi)適應外部環境(jing)(jing)的(de)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)；而(er)且還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)從(cong)微(wei)觀角度分(fen)(fen)析企業內部發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)結構(gou)(gou)，使企業管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)清晰地(di)認識(shi)企業當前的(de)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系和戰略是(shi)否(fou)(fou)有效、組織(zhi)設計(ji)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)合理(li)(li)(li)、工作職(zhi)務有無專門(men)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、部門(men)劃分(fen)(fen)的(de)合理(li)(li)(li)性等；也(ye)能夠根據出現的(de)問題加以(yi)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和調整(zheng)，建(jian)立(li)職(zhi)權(quan)、修(xiu)正(zheng)指揮系統、集權(quan)與分(fen)(fen)權(quan)等相互(hu)影響(xiang)機(ji)制、協調各部門(men)有效溝(gou)通。行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論在(zai)幫助(zhu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)進(jin)行(xing)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)人(ren)員配置方面也(ye)發(fa)(fa)揮了積極(ji)作用，做到(dao)“因事設人(ren)，人(ren)得其位，各盡(jin)其才(cai)，揚長避(bi)短(duan)”從(cong)而(er)保(bao)證(zheng)企業經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路，切實、有效地(di)堅持下去(qu)，進(jin)而(er)保(bao)證(zheng)企業經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和合理(li)(li)(li)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。

（二）協調企業內部各部門關系(xi)

要想確保(bao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)有(you)(you)序發展，企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)各個部(bu)(bu)門間必須高(gao)度配合，它也(ye)直接影響(xiang)著企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)穩定狀況。行政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)作(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)管(guan)理(li)時，首(shou)先(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)解決企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)垂直管(guan)理(li)下(xia)，權力高(gao)度集(ji)中、信(xin)息阻礙的(de)問題(ti)。適度放權，充分發揮員(yuan)(yuan)工的(de)創造活力，保(bao)持信(xin)息暢(chang)通，使(shi)各部(bu)(bu)門更好(hao)得分工合作(zuo)，讓企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現有(you)(you)生(sheng)產(chan)資(zi)源(yuan)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)配置。其次(ci)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)運用(yong)在協調處(chu)理(li)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)存需求(qiu)和(he)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率中，即(ji)以(yi)(yi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)真(zhen)實情況為基準，做(zuo)好(hao)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)人員(yuan)(yuan)調度，以(yi)(yi)此來確保(bao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)各組成(cheng)部(bu)(bu)分可(ke)以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)條不(bu)紊地(di)進行工作(zuo)。最后，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)人員(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)配置的(de)水平(ping)，從(cong)(cong)而穩定發揮出資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)功能和(he)價值(zhi)。行政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)作(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)外部(bu)(bu)時，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)從(cong)(cong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)協調企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與競(jing)(jing)爭者(zhe)間的(de)關(guan)系(xi)。如果僅(jin)僅(jin)以(yi)(yi)競(jing)(jing)爭對手(shou)為中心，將會激化雙方關(guan)系(xi)。必須合理(li)運用(yong)行政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)才能從(cong)(cong)變(bian)化的(de)角度分析問題(ti)，從(cong)(cong)而促使(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與競(jing)(jing)爭者(zhe)合作(zuo)共(gong)贏。

（三）強化(hua)組織與個人管理(li)

企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結構，不(bu)(bu)單(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)社會技術系統更是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)體(ti)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)面(mian)對(dui)內(nei)外部(bu)環境(jing)快速變化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，進(jin)行(xing)自(zi)我調整(zheng)以(yi)(yi)適(shi)應(ying)環境(jing)變化(hua)(hua)，從而保(bao)(bao)持企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)獨立與靈活(huo)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承載著企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)，只有(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)高(gao)(gao)度(du)認同(tong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)和(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)傳(chuan)統慣例(li)，并(bing)(bing)衍生(sheng)(sheng)出和(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)相(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文化(hua)(hua)，才(cai)能有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)激發(fa)(fa)(fa)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創造(zao)活(huo)力和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)熱情。企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)當充(chong)分(fen)(fen)尊重(zhong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，努(nu)力培養員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)“平等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)產者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)合(he)體(ti)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用，聽取員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)理(li)建(jian)(jian)議，使(shi)基層(ceng)(ceng)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)聲直達高(gao)(gao)層(ceng)(ceng)。以(yi)(yi)此建(jian)(jian)立起企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)際關(guan)系網絡，保(bao)(bao)持目標(biao)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)，平等(deng)獨立，協(xie)調合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)。力保(bao)(bao)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)可以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)盡情發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮才(cai)能并(bing)(bing)且(qie)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)體(ti)現(xian)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)價(jia)值(zhi)，從而有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)著可變性(xing)(xing)(xing)與易變性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特征，與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)團一(yi)般(ban)，組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)囊括多(duo)種因素(su)，如(ru)資本、物(wu)資、人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、技術、信息(xi)等(deng)，而這(zhe)(zhe)些因素(su)本就是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)停變化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)斷變化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)，使(shi)得(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資源得(de)(de)(de)到合(he)理(li)運用，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)持續(xu)調整(zheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，創新(xin)行(xing)政管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)，使(shi)之(zhi)適(shi)應(ying)時(shi)代發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。并(bing)(bing)且(qie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)域(yu)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)部(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)質量(liang)和(he)績效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)水平做出全(quan)面(mian)、客觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考察，這(zhe)(zhe)樣可以(yi)(yi)直觀地(di)了(le)(le)(le)解企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運營狀況(kuang)，分(fen)(fen)析(xi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢與不(bu)(bu)足(zu)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)層(ceng)(ceng)要(yao)(yao)貫徹領(ling)會公司經(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)，以(yi)(yi)幫助其(qi)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)所出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際問題，改變自(zi)身管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)應(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。同(tong)時(shi)，可以(yi)(yi)提升管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)能力，從而為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)培養出一(yi)批綜(zong)合(he)素(su)質能力較強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基層(ceng)(ceng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。這(zhe)(zhe)樣一(yi)來，部(bu)門(men)領(ling)導積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)心(xin)(xin)態就可以(yi)(yi)直接(jie)(jie)或(huo)間接(jie)(jie)影響員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，以(yi)(yi)便于其(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)完(wan)成(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)容，促進(jin)各(ge)部(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)一(yi)步開展(zhan)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)領(ling)域(yu)，組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)互之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系是(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)內(nei)涵之(zhi)一(yi)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)進(jin)行(xing)行(xing)政管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)，就必須把個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)和(he)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離逐步縮小，使(shi)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)輔相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)結合(he)。讓個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)能融(rong)入(ru)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功能，使(shi)得(de)(de)(de)前(qian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)依托(tuo)后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)得(de)(de)(de)到充(chong)分(fen)(fen)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮，后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)因前(qian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)壯大。基于人(ren)(ren)(ren)際關(guan)系理(li)論(lun)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)于行(xing)政管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)論(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)，依據霍(huo)桑(sang)實(shi)驗（HawthorneStudies），得(de)(de)(de)出人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)“經(jing)濟人(ren)(ren)(ren)”更是(shi)(shi)(shi)“社會人(ren)(ren)(ren)”，調動(dong)職員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)應(ying)只從提高(gao)(gao)經(jing)濟回報入(ru)手(shou)，還需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)加強(qiang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)理(li)認同(tong)度(du)與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)帶給員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)理(li)滿(man)足(zu)感。調查(cha)表(biao)(biao)明(ming)：大量(liang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)受(shou)完(wan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)培訓后并(bing)(bing)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)選擇繼續(xu)留在(zai)(zai)(zai)該企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)原因不(bu)(bu)單(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)質條件不(bu)(bu)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)吸引力，更是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求層(ceng)(ceng)次了(le)(le)(le)解存在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)，令職員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)能充(chong)分(fen)(fen)了(le)(le)(le)解企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向及(ji)其(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)念(nian)，或(huo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)調動(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)非(fei)正式(shi)(shi)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能來滿(man)足(zu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會心(xin)(xin)理(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求，使(shi)得(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)融(rong)入(ru)“小集(ji)體(ti)”只將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)產率(lv)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平均(jun)水平，降低了(le)(le)(le)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)創造(zao)活(huo)力，減(jian)弱(ruo)了(le)(le)(le)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認同(tong)感和(he)歸屬感。想要(yao)(yao)提高(gao)(gao)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)令員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)覺(jue)得(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)可以(yi)(yi)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)實(shi)現(xian)其(qi)自(zi)我價(jia)值(zhi)，這(zhe)(zhe)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)了(le)(le)(le)解員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求，以(yi)(yi)此做出合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導，促使(shi)其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)本職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)能，實(shi)現(xian)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)價(jia)值(zhi)與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)輔相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)。想要(yao)(yao)提高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)凝(ning)聚力，激發(fa)(fa)(fa)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮領(ling)導者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激勵作(zuo)(zuo)用：企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)要(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)績效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)指(zhi)標(biao)為(wei)切入(ru)點(dian)并(bing)(bing)與員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滿(man)足(zu)程度(du)相(xiang)(xiang)聯(lian)系，為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)提供必要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導、支(zhi)持和(he)獎勵。科學、有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)方(fang)法，使(shi)得(de)(de)(de)每(mei)位(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都能充(chong)分(fen)(fen)發(fa)(fa)(fa)表(biao)(biao)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見，避免“團體(ti)迷思”，建(jian)(jian)立良性(xing)(xing)(xing)競(jing)爭機制(zhi)，充(chong)分(fen)(fen)調動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。幫助企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)性(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)進(jin)行(xing)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)決(jue)策，避免外部(bu)環境(jing)變化(hua)(hua)給企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)造(zao)成(cheng)無謂損失，促進(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)健康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。

（四(si)）合理(li)應用(yong)領導權變模型(xing)

“管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)格(ge)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)”指(zhi)出領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中難免(mian)出現一些極端(duan)行(xing)為(wei)，如以(yi)(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)或人員(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)中心，根(gen)據X理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)強調監督作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，以(yi)(yi)Y理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)提(ti)倡相(xiang)(xiang)信人。為(wei)了避免(mian)極端(duan)行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)，布(bu)萊克和穆頓(dun)（BlakeandMouton）提(ti)出了（9.9）型(xing)(xing)(xing)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)風格(ge)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)該深(shen)入分析(xi)影響企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)外(wai)(wai)部(bu)(bu)因(yin)素(su)。進行(xing)班組(zu)建設(she)，促(cu)進各(ge)部(bu)(bu)門(men)協調合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，發(fa)揮(hui)優(you)秀員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)示范(fan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。運用(yong)群體間的(de)(de)(de)關系開發(fa)，分析(xi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)門(men)之間有(you)控制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)抗和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)，發(fa)揮(hui)約(yue)束與(yu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，以(yi)(yi)科學的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法審視企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中權力(li)的(de)(de)(de)約(yue)束情況和上下級溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)渠道的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)定管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)計劃(hua)，并(bing)有(you)效運用(yong)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)中的(de)(de)(de)原理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)進行(xing)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活(huo)動(dong)，以(yi)(yi)適應(ying)當今企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)需求。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活(huo)動(dong)包括了諸多方(fang)面(mian)，如工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績、企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)為(wei)規(gui)范(fan)、心理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)支(zhi)持(chi)等。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)想完成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，更(geng)深(shen)層(ceng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范(fan)公(gong)司各(ge)項(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活(huo)動(dong)，可以(yi)(yi)運用(yong)羅伯特·豪斯（RobertHouse）的(de)(de)(de)路徑-目(mu)標(biao)(biao)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)（Path-goalTheory）以(yi)(yi)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)旨在(zai)幫(bang)助(zhu)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)達(da)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，提(ti)供相(xiang)(xiang)關物質支(zhi)持(chi)與(yu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)，確保其與(yu)公(gong)司發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)戰略目(mu)標(biao)(biao)相(xiang)(xiang)一致。面(mian)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟時代(dai)不(bu)斷(duan)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)部(bu)(bu)情況與(yu)社會經濟飛速發(fa)展(zhan)，使企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)任務結構、正(zheng)式權力(li)體系、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)群體的(de)(de)(de)個性特征都在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)變化(hua)，為(wei)了令企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)環(huan)境中快(kuai)速穩健(jian)發(fa)展(zhan)，可以(yi)(yi)運用(yong)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)式，例如指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、支(zhi)持(chi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、參與(yu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)取(qu)向(xiang)(xiang)型(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營過(guo)程中充分聽取(qu)下屬(shu)意見，為(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)置目(mu)標(biao)(biao)并(bing)展(zhan)示出對(dui)其完成(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)充足信心。激發(fa)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)勞動(dong)積(ji)極性，幫(bang)助(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)做出更(geng)卓(zhuo)越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)，為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)日(ri)后經營和發(fa)展(zhan)產(chan)生(sheng)正(zheng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)促(cu)進效果。此外(wai)(wai)，基于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)決策是組(zu)織(zhi)行(xing)為(wei)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)還(huan)要(yao)充分運用(yong)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)協作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度，建立健(jian)全企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信息流通(tong)(tong)體系。從(cong)垂直型(xing)(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)向(xiang)(xiang)扁平型(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)度，充分聽取(qu)基層(ceng)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)建議(yi)，集思廣益，幫(bang)助(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速高效發(fa)展(zhan)。健(jian)全企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，還(huan)能達(da)到盡量減(jian)少(shao)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)門(men)相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)阻礙，提(ti)升(sheng)信息效能，確保配合(he)制(zhi)(zhi)度，因(yin)為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)屬(shu)集團活(huo)動(dong)，要(yao)求企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)整體介入之中，不(bu)能僅僅依靠管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)個人能力(li)，還(huan)需引導(dao)(dao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)發(fa)揮(hui)各(ge)自專長，為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)出謀劃(hua)策，提(ti)高員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)決策參與(yu)度。從(cong)而(er)保證企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)各(ge)種管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活(huo)動(dong)和政(zheng)策的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)解(jie)和支(zhi)持(chi)。

四、結語

對(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)說，無(wu)論(lun)是(shi)基(ji)本(ben)活動(dong)還是(shi)支持型活動(dong)都(dou)離不開企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)想加強企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市場競(jing)爭力，就(jiu)必須研(yan)發(fa)應(ying)用(yong)先進(jin)技術(shu)，提(ti)高生產(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。這就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)(ge)部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)高效(xiao)(xiao)協(xie)調配(pei)合(he)和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者對(dui)員工(gong)(gong)“士氣”的(de)(de)(de)(de)鼓(gu)舞。所以(yi)，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)動(dong)借鑒(jian)有關管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)及其相關工(gong)(gong)具(ju)。同時，促進(jin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)一個(ge)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)不間斷地開發(fa)與探(tan)索，尤其在(zai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)未來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)過程當中(zhong)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)動(dong)協(xie)助員工(gong)(gong)探(tan)索新的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)途(tu)徑，為企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與員工(gong)(gong)雙(shuang)方(fang)共(gong)贏爭取(qu)更大的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)空間。現代社會(hui)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟逐步(bu)向(xiang)知識(shi)經(jing)濟過渡(du)，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)趨(qu)向(xiang)于矩陣式結(jie)構和(he)扁平化結(jie)構，這樣能使(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)組織更加靈(ling)活，信息傳遞更為迅捷，但(dan)同時也要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)者具(ju)有迅速調節(jie)各(ge)(ge)部門關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力，且能有效(xiao)(xiao)運用(yong)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)科(ke)學(xue)引導(dao)各(ge)(ge)部門協(xie)調合(he)作(zuo)。在(zai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)過程中(zhong)，還需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)貫(guan)徹紅(hong)線原則，在(zai)不觸及企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)根本(ben)利益和(he)基(ji)本(ben)原則的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下，提(ti)高容(rong)錯率(lv)和(he)包容(rong)度。另外(wai)，對(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)員工(gong)(gong)實(shi)行(xing)人性化管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，可以(yi)增強人才(cai)與團隊之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)融合(he)度，從而實(shi)現企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高質量發(fa)展(zhan)。

作者：鐘麗聰 單位(wei)：香港嶺南大學

企業行政管理篇3

一、引言

行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成部分，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)主要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)計劃(hua)工作(zuo)、組(zu)織工作(zuo)、指揮(hui)工作(zuo)和控制工作(zuo)發揮(hui)作(zuo)用，是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)日常運(yun)營中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不可或缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成部分。對(dui)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)而言(yan)，行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展與創新(xin)決定著企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)未來。從現有研究(jiu)體(ti)系(xi)來看(kan)，對(dui)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)相(xiang)關內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)主要(yao)有行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)素質提升、人(ren)事架構、人(ren)力資(zi)源規范化等內(nei)容，對(dui)于(yu)行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)(li)模式(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)問題與對(dui)策等內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)并不多，這是(shi)現有文獻體(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)補充(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容，也是(shi)本文重(zhong)點研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。

二、企業行政(zheng)管理及模式創新的(de)意義

（一）企(qi)業行政管理(li)概述

企(qi)(qi)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)指企(qi)(qi)業(ye)為(wei)了(le)滿(man)足生存與發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)需要(yao)(yao)，依托行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)系統對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)職能性(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和，進而促(cu)進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)目(mu)標的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)有(you)三(san)個方(fang)面：一是(shi)(shi)權威性(xing)，即(ji)通過企(qi)(qi)業(ye)上(shang)級行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機構下達(da)指令(ling)或規(gui)定(ding)等(deng)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)縱(zong)向性(xing)，即(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)關(guan)(guan)系是(shi)(shi)自上(shang)而下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指揮與協調(diao)過程；三(san)是(shi)(shi)廣泛性(xing)，即(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)涉(she)及日常事務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)劃(hua)安(an)排(pai)、組織實施、信息溝通等(deng)多個方(fang)面。一般而言(yan)(yan)，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包含(han)六大(da)模(mo)(mo)塊：一是(shi)(shi)流程制(zhi)度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)中必(bi)不可少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)塊，是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)一切(qie)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準則，也是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志(zhi)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)會(hui)務(wu)外聯管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。主要(yao)(yao)包含(han)對于會(hui)議、活動、公共關(guan)(guan)系等(deng)內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)文印(yin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)對于企(qi)(qi)業(ye)文件、印(yin)鑒、資(zi)(zi)(zi)質等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，屬于比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)基礎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工作(zuo)。四是(shi)(shi)檔案(an)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。對于企(qi)(qi)業(ye)檔案(an)、資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)等(deng)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，隨著管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)向信息化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，檔案(an)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電子化(hua)(hua)特征愈(yu)發(fa)明(ming)顯(xian)。五是(shi)(shi)采購資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。除了(le)對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)期盤點(dian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)外，還(huan)需要(yao)(yao)采購辦公設備等(deng)日常用品(pin)。六是(shi)(shi)后(hou)勤安(an)保管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。這(zhe)一模(mo)(mo)塊涉(she)及的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容較(jiao)(jiao)多，也比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)細致，如車輛、食堂、安(an)保等(deng)。對于中小型(xing)民(min)營企(qi)(qi)業(ye)而言(yan)(yan)，六大(da)模(mo)(mo)塊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)分可能并不嚴格，這(zhe)與企(qi)(qi)業(ye)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)有(you)很大(da)關(guan)(guan)系。

（二(er)）企業行政管理模式創新的意(yi)義

創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提供源(yuan)源(yuan)不斷的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)，因此，相應(ying)的(de)(de)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)對(dui)中小型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)具有(you)(you)現實(shi)(shi)意義。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)必(bi)然選(xuan)擇。時代(dai)(dai)(dai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不可阻擋，是(shi)(shi)歷史(shi)的(de)(de)必(bi)然性(xing)(xing)，為(wei)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提供了(le)更多機(ji)遇，對(dui)于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)有(you)(you)助力(li)(li)(li)作用(yong)(yong)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)需要進行(xing)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，摒棄落后的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，消除前進的(de)(de)阻礙，從(cong)(cong)而(er)追隨(sui)(sui)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)步伐，實(shi)(shi)現與時代(dai)(dai)(dai)同行(xing)。這也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中最為(wei)明智的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇。二是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提升(sheng)自身競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)路徑[1]。市(shi)場(chang)環境(jing)變化(hua)多端(duan)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要想行(xing)穩(wen)致(zhi)遠，還需從(cong)(cong)自身出(chu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，不斷提升(sheng)自身競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)核心競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)。推動(dong)(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)不僅能保證企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)正(zheng)常運(yun)營(ying)，而(er)且可以(yi)(yi)提升(sheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)效(xiao)率，從(cong)(cong)而(er)讓企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以(yi)(yi)調動(dong)(dong)更多資源(yuan)用(yong)(yong)于產品(pin)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)與市(shi)場(chang)拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，增強(qiang)自身競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現高(gao)(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)保障(zhang)。創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)是(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)源(yuan)泉，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)第一(yi)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)，對(dui)于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)來說至(zhi)關(guan)重要。隨(sui)(sui)著行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)問(wen)題將(jiang)得(de)到(dao)解(jie)決，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)員工的(de)(de)積極性(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)將(jiang)被(bei)充(chong)分調動(dong)(dong)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)造更多價值，進一(yi)步推動(dong)(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現高(gao)(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目標。四是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現戰略(lve)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目標的(de)(de)輔(fu)助條件(jian)。在(zai)行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)過程中，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)制度得(de)以(yi)(yi)優化(hua)，對(dui)于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)形(xing)成更好的(de)(de)約束作用(yong)(yong)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)規范化(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)程度更高(gao)(gao)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)有(you)(you)利(li)于戰略(lve)目標的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)現。此外(wai)，隨(sui)(sui)著行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)也(ye)(ye)將(jiang)得(de)以(yi)(yi)完善，能夠更好地(di)形(xing)成企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)凝聚力(li)(li)(li)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)為(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰略(lve)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目標服務。

三、中(zhong)小(xiao)型民營(ying)企(qi)業行政管理模式的現存問題

一(yi)般而言，中(zhong)小(xiao)型民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)的行(xing)政管理(li)(li)體(ti)系不(bu)夠成熟，相應(ying)的管理(li)(li)模(mo)式也(ye)不(bu)夠科學，在(zai)(zai)多個層(ceng)面存在(zai)(zai)問題。究其根源，主(zhu)要與中(zhong)小(xiao)型民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)的思(si)想意識、自身規模(mo)等(deng)內部因素(su)有(you)關。

（一）思想層面

首先，對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)優化(hua)不夠重視。中(zhong)小型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)發(fa)展過程(cheng)中(zhong)，更多(duo)追求財富的(de)(de)(de)積累過程(cheng)，對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)般不夠重視，甚至(zhi)負責行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工作的(de)(de)(de)只有(you)1~2人，這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)法(fa)充分發(fa)揮(hui)協調作用。其(qi)次，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)念相(xiang)對(dui)落(luo)后(hou)。大多(duo)數(shu)中(zhong)小型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)還在(zai)沿用較為(wei)(wei)傳統的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，將行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)視為(wei)(wei)事無(wu)巨細的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，無(wu)法(fa)為(wei)(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責人提供必要的(de)(de)(de)決策支(zhi)持。這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)念必然影響行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)優化(hua)，甚至(zhi)對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)正常(chang)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產生不利影響。最(zui)后(hou)，缺(que)乏(fa)先進的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)知識(shi)與理(li)(li)(li)論支(zhi)撐(cheng)。近些(xie)年，一(yi)些(xie)中(zhong)小型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)臨著(zhu)，訂(ding)單迅(xun)速減少(shao)、經濟效益下(xia)降等發(fa)展瓶頸(jing)問題，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)更加關心生存問題，根本(ben)無(wu)暇顧及行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)知識(shi)與理(li)(li)(li)論的(de)(de)(de)儲備與學習(xi)。即(ji)便(bian)在(zai)平時，很多(duo)中(zhong)小型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)也對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)知識(shi)與理(li)(li)(li)論知之甚少(shao)，相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)只是簡(jian)單復制或者照搬(ban)，完(wan)全(quan)未考慮自身的(de)(de)(de)適用性等因素。

（二）決策層面

首先，家(jia)長式“一(yi)言堂”決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)制(zhi)不利于(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。大多數(shu)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)都是家(jia)族式管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，特別是在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)初(chu)創期，很多企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部問(wen)題(ti)都是企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)法人(ren)(ren)(ren)一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，并沒有建(jian)立(li)科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)制(zhi)。在(zai)(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式中(zhong)，這樣獨(du)斷專行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)模式會導致(zhi)“一(yi)言堂”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，相關決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)也(ye)缺(que)乏科學(xue)性。其次(ci)，決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)正確(que)(que)與(yu)否都照常執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)采用獨(du)斷專行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)制(zhi)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部基本上(shang)是一(yi)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)說(shuo)了(le)算，無(wu)論決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)正確(que)(que)與(yu)否，企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)也(ye)會照常執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)現決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)問(wen)題(ti)時，已為(wei)時已晚，甚至會造成(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)損(sun)失。錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)制(zhi)不僅會影(ying)響企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優化(hua)，也(ye)會影(ying)響行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。最后，缺(que)乏行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)數(shu)字化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)觀念轉變滯后，很多中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)都不能用發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眼光(guang)看待問(wen)題(ti)，即使認識到數(shu)字化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，也(ye)很少(shao)與(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)融合，企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責人(ren)(ren)(ren)出于(yu)(yu)成(cheng)本、人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)因素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考慮也(ye)不會進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)數(shu)字化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。這樣會導致(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)模式發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)滯后，也(ye)不利于(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升，總之百害無(wu)一(yi)利。

（三）執行層面

首先，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工作效率(lv)(lv)較低。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)是否科(ke)學(xue)決定(ding)了行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)高低，中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)存在(zai)問題(ti)必然導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工作效率(lv)(lv)低下。在(zai)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)日(ri)常運營(ying)中，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)未(wei)能發揮溝通協(xie)調(diao)作用(yong)(yong)，甚至對(dui)其(qi)他(ta)部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)工作造成阻礙，這是中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)中的(de)(de)(de)常見問題(ti)。其(qi)次，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)結構不完(wan)善。一(yi)般來說，大型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)采用(yong)(yong)金字塔型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)結構，即由部(bu)(bu)門(men)負責(ze)人管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)不同行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)模塊，不同行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)模塊負責(ze)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)工作。但(dan)對(dui)于(yu)中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)而言，相應的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)結構并(bing)不完(wan)整，有時行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)門(men)只是作為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)勤保障部(bu)(bu)門(men)存在(zai)，并(bing)未(wei)充分發揮行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)職能。最后(hou)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法缺(que)乏(fa)創(chuang)新(xin)。中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)受(shou)到決策機制的(de)(de)(de)影響，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法一(yi)般也采用(yong)(yong)命令式(shi)，對(dui)于(yu)溝通與(yu)協(xie)調(diao)工作并(bing)不重視，因此導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法落后(hou)。因循守舊、缺(que)乏(fa)創(chuang)新(xin)是目前(qian)中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法面臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)主要問題(ti)，與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)一(yi)直以來的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)習(xi)慣和(he)思(si)想有很大關系[2]。

（四）人員層面

首先，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)意識不(bu)(bu)強。在具體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)墨守成(cheng)規、不(bu)(bu)敢創新、不(bu)(bu)敢突破、缺乏魄力(li)，影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)模式的(de)(de)改善。這(zhe)與(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)脾氣秉性有關，也與(yu)(yu)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)傳統(tong)有關，長此以往，將影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)健康(kang)、持續(xu)發(fa)展。其次，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)(bu)強。主要表現在對(dui)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)知識儲備不(bu)(bu)足，無(wu)法勝任具體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。還有在遇(yu)到行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)問題(ti)時(shi)沒有能(neng)力(li)及時(shi)解決(jue)，還存(cun)在得過且過的(de)(de)思想。這(zhe)樣不(bu)(bu)僅影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)效(xiao)率，而(er)且對(dui)于行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)自(zi)身(shen)成(cheng)長也將產(chan)生(sheng)不(bu)(bu)利(li)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。最后，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)組成(cheng)問題(ti)。中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)很多都是其他部門的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)調任，或者是一些年齡較大的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，從結構組成(cheng)來看(kan)不(bu)(bu)具有優勢。這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)組成(cheng)也導致行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)(bu)足，從而(er)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)果(guo)，也不(bu)(bu)利(li)于管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)模式的(de)(de)創新發(fa)展。

四、中(zhong)小型民營企業行政管理模式(shi)創新(xin)的應(ying)對策略

中小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)營企業(ye)(ye)行(xing)政管理模式創新對(dui)策(ce)的(de)(de)提(ti)出(chu)，還應當從企業(ye)(ye)自(zi)身(shen)面臨的(de)(de)問題出(chu)發，結合(he)(he)中小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)營企業(ye)(ye)實際情況(kuang)制定。管理模式創新對(dui)策(ce)的(de)(de)提(ti)出(chu)既要(yao)符(fu)合(he)(he)實際性原則，也要(yao)符(fu)合(he)(he)科學、合(he)(he)理性原則。

（一）從思想層面轉變觀念(nian)，提(ti)升思想站位

思想(xiang)高(gao)度的(de)(de)(de)提升，將有利于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。首先，高(gao)度重視行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。對(dui)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責(ze)人而言，要(yao)積極(ji)借鑒成功企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)身(shen)(shen)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)僵化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)部分，從而不斷推(tui)進(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，還應(ying)當(dang)引入科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)，充分認識(shi)到(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)意(yi)義。其(qi)次(ci)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)知(zhi)識(shi)與(yu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論的(de)(de)(de)積累與(yu)學(xue)習。行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)知(zhi)識(shi)與(yu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論是管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)基礎(chu)知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)習，有利于加(jia)(jia)深對(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)認識(shi)，也有利于企(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)觀念的(de)(de)(de)轉變。最(zui)后，始終堅持(chi)與(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)俱(ju)進(jin)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)發展是創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)驅動力，新(xin)(xin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻保持(chi)與(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)俱(ju)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)，不斷探索、不斷嘗試，發揮自(zi)身(shen)(shen)機(ji)制靈(ling)活等方面(mian)優(you)勢，緊緊追隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)發展的(de)(de)(de)腳步。另(ling)外，為了更好地應(ying)對(dui)發展瓶頸，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)也應(ying)當(dang)對(dui)現有行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，以(yi)激(ji)發內部活力，尋找更加(jia)(jia)適合自(zi)身(shen)(shen)成長的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)。

（二）完善行政(zheng)決策機制，提升決策有(you)效性

首先，構(gou)建科學(xue)(xue)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。獨斷(duan)(duan)專(zhuan)行(xing)(xing)式(shi)的(de)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)利于中小型(xing)(xing)民營企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)進一步發展(zhan)，構(gou)建科學(xue)(xue)的(de)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才是(shi)未來之道。中小型(xing)(xing)民營企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)過(guo)(guo)程既要(yao)果(guo)斷(duan)(duan)又不(bu)能(neng)武(wu)斷(duan)(duan)，企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)負責人(ren)(ren)(ren)也需要(yao)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提升(sheng)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)能(neng)力。同時，在進行(xing)(xing)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)前(qian)，應(ying)當廣(guang)泛聽取各方意見，不(bu)能(neng)一人(ren)(ren)(ren)當家，這也需要(yao)相應(ying)監督機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發揮輔(fu)助作用。其次，做(zuo)出(chu)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)決(jue)(jue)策(ce)。數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)時代，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)模(mo)式(shi)的(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)(xing)是(shi)必然(ran)趨勢，也是(shi)模(mo)式(shi)創新的(de)前(qian)提。對于中小型(xing)(xing)民營企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)而言，應(ying)積極構(gou)建數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)系統，以(yi)提升(sheng)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)效率，實現企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提質增效目標。同時，企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)盡(jin)快習慣于數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)辦公模(mo)式(shi)，公文管(guan)理(li)(li)、檔(dang)案管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)無(wu)紙化(hua)(hua)模(mo)式(shi)可以(yi)實現更少的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)做(zuo)更多(duo)的(de)事，符合(he)中小型(xing)(xing)民營企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)自身(shen)特點。中小型(xing)(xing)民營企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在有(you)余(yu)力的(de)情況下，應(ying)加大資金和技術投入，推動行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)模(mo)式(shi)的(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程。

（三）強化(hua)行政(zheng)執行力，提(ti)高(gao)行政(zheng)管(guan)理效率

首(shou)先，持續提升(sheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)。中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業應構(gou)(gou)建科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度，以(yi)制(zhi)度為抓手(shou)，消除內(nei)部(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)低(di)下的(de)(de)不(bu)利(li)因(yin)素。企(qi)(qi)(qi)業還應具備(bei)“效(xiao)益意識(shi)”，從行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)計劃(hua)到行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)控制(zhi)的(de)(de)各個環(huan)節(jie)都(dou)要(yao)貫(guan)穿效(xiao)益意識(shi)，這樣才(cai)能(neng)有效(xiao)促進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)提升(sheng)。總之，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)提升(sheng)重點就在于解決中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)各種問題。其次，改善行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業規模雖(sui)小(xiao)，但也(ye)應當設(she)置獨立的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，基本(ben)的(de)(de)崗位(wei)設(she)置要(yao)齊(qi)全，同時依(yi)據企(qi)(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)實際(ji)情況調(diao)整行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，從而推進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新發展(zhan)。最(zui)后，不(bu)斷創(chuang)(chuang)新行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法。中小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業應采用現代化行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法，如利(li)用信息(xi)化技術(shu)處理(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工作(zuo)，提升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)能(neng)。同時，加強對創(chuang)(chuang)新型(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方法的(de)(de)探(tan)索，將創(chuang)(chuang)新精神貫(guan)穿于行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式優化的(de)(de)始(shi)終。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)層面既是行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成，也(ye)是行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式創(chuang)(chuang)新的(de)(de)重要(yao)影(ying)響因(yin)素。

（四）提升行政管理人員綜合素(su)質，發揮主(zhu)體作用

行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)創(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體，應積極發揮(hui)主(zhu)觀(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動(dong)性。首先(xian)，道(dao)德(de)素質過(guo)硬。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要具(ju)(ju)備(bei)正確的(de)(de)(de)世界(jie)觀(guan)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)觀(guan)和價值觀(guan)，相(xiang)關行(xing)(xing)(xing)為要符合職業(ye)(ye)道(dao)德(de)。同時，還需具(ju)(ju)備(bei)集體榮譽感以及奉獻精(jing)神，在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠任勞任怨。良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)道(dao)德(de)素質是(shi)中(zhong)小型民營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)需要具(ju)(ju)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)基本素質，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)缺(que)(que)少的(de)(de)(de)職業(ye)(ye)素養。其(qi)次，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)態(tai)度沉(chen)(chen)穩。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)涉(she)及內容較多，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)瑣碎性和復雜性，所以需要行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠有(you)(you)條不(bu)紊地處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)應工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，遇到問題時也(ye)(ye)要沉(chen)(chen)著冷靜(jing)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)對待工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)應積極主(zhu)動(dong)，主(zhu)動(dong)承擔相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)職責(ze)。最后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)較強。過(guo)硬的(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)不(bu)可(ke)或缺(que)(que)的(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)提升行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)必要因素。對于中(zhong)小型民營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)來(lai)說(shuo)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)還需具(ju)(ju)備(bei)較強的(de)(de)(de)協調能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和邏輯思維能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，在(zai)細化行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)發揮(hui)主(zhu)體作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，推動(dong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)不(bu)斷創(chuang)新[3]。

五、結語

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)(min)營企業(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)市(shi)場(chang)經濟的(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)，是(shi)(shi)推動(dong)(dong)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)的(de)(de)重要主體(ti)，也是(shi)(shi)激發(fa)市(shi)場(chang)活(huo)力的(de)(de)重要力量。長期以來(lai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)(min)營企業(ye)(ye)更加注重融資難(nan)題的(de)(de)解決，更加重視發(fa)展問(wen)題的(de)(de)探索，更加強調(diao)經濟效益最大化(hua)，卻(que)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)忽視了行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)模式等相關問(wen)題，從(cong)(cong)而導致行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)系不盡(jin)完善(shan)，對企業(ye)(ye)長遠發(fa)展形成(cheng)了一(yi)定阻礙。在未(wei)來(lai)發(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)(min)營企業(ye)(ye)應當從(cong)(cong)四(si)個(ge)方(fang)面入手(shou)，推動(dong)(dong)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)模式的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)思(si)想層面轉變觀念，提升思(si)想站位；二是(shi)(shi)完善(shan)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)決策機制，提升決策有效性(xing)；三是(shi)(shi)強化(hua)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)力，提高(gao)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)效率；四(si)是(shi)(shi)提升行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員綜(zong)合素質(zhi)，發(fa)揮主體(ti)作用。相信隨著創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)水平的(de)(de)不斷(duan)提升，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)民(min)(min)營企業(ye)(ye)一(yi)定能夠擺脫困境，實現高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展。

作者：蘇毅興 單位：廣西(xi)外國語學院(yuan)