產業鏈范文10篇

時間:2024-01-11 21:08:54

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延伸產業鏈論文

[摘要(yao)]北部(bu)灣經濟區工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的發展,要(yao)以(yi)現有產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為基礎,做(zuo)大做(zuo)強現有優勢企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),延(yan)伸產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian);要(yao)以(yi)大項(xiang)目、大企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為支撐,帶動中小(xiao)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),完善(shan)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian);要(yao)積(ji)極承接(jie)東部(bu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉移,以(yi)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)作(zuo)為招商引資(zi)的主要(yao)手(shou)段,實現產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集聚。

[關(guan)鍵詞]北部灣經濟區;發展;產業(ye)鏈;產業(ye)集聚(ju)

現代(dai)組織理(li)論認為(wei),產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集聚(ju)是創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)因(yin)素的(de)(de)集群和(he)競爭(zheng)能(neng)力的(de)(de)放大(da),對(dui)提高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)競爭(zheng)力及區(qu)域經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)有(you)很強(qiang)的(de)(de)促進作(zuo)用(yong)。波(bo)特(te)教授認為(wei),產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在地理(li)上的(de)(de)集聚(ju),能(neng)夠對(dui)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)競爭(zheng)優(you)勢(shi)產(chan)生廣泛而(er)積極的(de)(de)影響。因(yin)此,產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集聚(ju)能(neng)提高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)整(zheng)體競爭(zheng)能(neng)力,加強(qiang)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內企業(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)的(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)合作(zuo),增(zeng)強(qiang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)力,促進區(qu)域經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)。產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集聚(ju)還(huan)能(neng)發(fa)揮資源共享效(xiao)應(ying),有(you)利于形(xing)成“區(qu)位品(pin)牌”效(xiao)應(ying)。

北(bei)部灣經濟區屬(shu)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)業后發地區,特(te)別是北(bei)海、欽州、防城港等(deng)市(shi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)業企業數量明顯(xian)不足,工(gong)(gong)業基礎(chu)薄弱,產(chan)業配套(tao)性差,沒有形(xing)成規模較大的(de)、有較強競爭能力的(de)優勢產(chan)業。

2008年1月16日,國家批準實施《廣(guang)西北(bei)部(bu)灣經(jing)濟(ji)區(qu)發(fa)展(zhan)規劃(hua)》,這標志著廣(guang)西北(bei)部(bu)灣經(jing)濟(ji)區(qu)的(de)開(kai)放(fang)開(kai)發(fa)正式納入國家戰(zhan)略,對加快北(bei)部(bu)灣經(jing)濟(ji)區(qu)乃至廣(guang)西的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),是(shi)難得的(de)機(ji)遇(yu)。如(ru)何(he)抓住這一良好機(ji)遇(yu),加快北(bei)部(bu)灣經(jing)濟(ji)區(qu)工業的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),筆者(zhe)認(ren)為(wei),延伸(shen)與(yu)完善產業鏈,實現(xian)產業集聚(ju)是(shi)關鍵。為(wei)此,本文(wen)從(cong)以下(xia)三個方面作(zuo)一些粗(cu)淺分析。

一、以現(xian)有產(chan)(chan)業(ye)為基礎,延伸產(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈,實(shi)現(xian)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集聚

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產業鏈金融分析論文

1產業鏈金融的“M+1+N”模式

產業鏈(lian)金(jin)融服務運行模(mo)式是銀行以產業鏈(lian)的核(he)心企(qi)業為依托,針對產業鏈(lian)的各個(ge)環(huan)節(jie),設計個(ge)性化、標準化的金(jin)融服務產品(pin),為整個(ge)產業鏈(lian)上的所有企(qi)業提供綜合解決方案,實(shi)現(xian)深化銀企(qi)合作關系(xi),并獲取最(zui)大收益目標的一種(zhong)服務模(mo)式,即“M+1+N”模(mo)式。

其中“1”代(dai)表核(he)心(xin)企業(ye)(ye)(ye),“M”、“N”代(dai)表上下游企業(ye)(ye)(ye)。銀行通過對產業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈上的(de)(de)(de)“M”或(huo)“N”與“1”之間(jian)資金的(de)(de)(de)綜合分析(xi),在(zai)有效規避銀行授信風險的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下,為(wei)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈上的(de)(de)(de)各個企業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)供金融服務。

1.“1”核心企(qi)業金融服務(wu)

一般產業(ye)鏈中均(jun)存在(zai)一個優質(zhi)的(de)核(he)心(xin)企業(ye),銀行可以為(wei)其提(ti)(ti)供諸如集(ji)團賬戶管理(li)、投行業(ye)務等高附加值(zhi)產品;同時通(tong)過對核(he)心(xin)企業(ye)的(de)服務來為(wei)其上下游客戶群(qun)的(de)提(ti)(ti)供金(jin)融服務。

2.“M”上游企業金融服務(wu)

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郵輪旅游產業鏈優勢和途徑

摘要(yao):本文(wen)介(jie)紹了國內(nei)郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)以(yi)及廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)近年(nian)來郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展(zhan)概況(kuang),重點分(fen)析了廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)在發展(zhan)郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈方面(mian)的(de)獨特(te)優勢(shi),主(zhu)要(yao)包括得天獨厚(hou)的(de)區位、千(qian)年(nian)延續的(de)世(shi)(shi)界性大(da)港、豐富多樣的(de)文(wen)旅(lv)(lv)資(zi)源、國家(jia)戰略加(jia)持和政(zheng)策疊加(jia)、船舶修造維保及商業(ye)(ye)保稅等七大(da)方面(mian)優勢(shi),并針對性地提出(chu)打造廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈的(de)三大(da)途徑(jing)。最后,作者認為(wei),縱觀國內(nei)乃至世(shi)(shi)界上,集七大(da)優勢(shi)于(yu)一身的(de)城(cheng)市(shi)少之又(you)少,廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)應(ying)充分(fen)發揮上述優勢(shi),加(jia)大(da)力度(du),加(jia)快推進(jin)郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan),打造中(zhong)國郵(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)另一極。

一(yi)、國內(nei)郵輪旅游產(chan)業(ye)的發(fa)展

(一(yi))國內郵輪(lun)旅游產(chan)業的發展(zhan)概況(kuang)

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)游(you)(you)產業經過近十年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)高速(su)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),逐(zhu)步進入(ru)理性發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階段(duan),目前已形成(cheng)(cheng)了全國(guo)以上(shang)海(hai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin),北以天津為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),南以廣(guang)州、深圳為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)“一主(zhu)兩翼”的(de)(de)(de)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)城市(shi)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)格局。上(shang)海(hai)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國(guo)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)游(you)(you)產業的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)極(ji),多年(nian)(nian)來郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)客(ke)(ke)(ke)吞吐(tu)量占(zhan)全國(guo)近50%,目前其(qi)(qi)核心(xin)港(gang)區---吳(wu)淞口郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)港(gang)已規劃建成(cheng)(cheng)4個(ge)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)泊(bo)位,岸線長(chang)1.6公里,可同時停(ting)靠(kao)四艘國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun);天津郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母港(gang)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)北方(fang)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)集聚(ju)點,郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)客(ke)(ke)(ke)吞吐(tu)量占(zhan)全國(guo)近20%,擁有4個(ge)泊(bo)位,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)專用泊(bo)位兩個(ge),岸線長(chang)625米(mi)。2019年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)14個(ge)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)港(gang)口接(jie)待(dai)(dai)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)804艘次,接(jie)待(dai)(dai)出入(ru)境郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)(ke)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)413.4萬人(ren)次,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)接(jie)待(dai)(dai)母港(gang)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)728艘次,接(jie)待(dai)(dai)母港(gang)出入(ru)境游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)(ke)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)395.6萬人(ren)次。郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)游(you)(you)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)休(xiu)閑度假高端(duan)旅(lv)游(you)(you)業態,已經成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)際(ji)旅(lv)游(you)(you)業中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)。2019年(nian)(nian)以前的(de)(de)(de)15年(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)市(shi)場(chang)以年(nian)(nian)均(jun)復合(he)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)率8%的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)持續增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。我國(guo)在(zai)短短十五(wu)年(nian)(nian)間,在(zai)行(xing)業滲透(tou)率極(ji)低的(de)(de)(de)情況下,成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全球第二(er)大郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)客(ke)(ke)(ke)源市(shi)場(chang),郵(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)游(you)(you)逐(zhu)漸成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)們(men)美(mei)好生活的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)以及對幸福生活追(zhui)求的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要方(fang)面。

(二(er))廣州郵(you)輪旅游(you)產(chan)業發展情況

廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)發展(zhan)大(da)致(zhi)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)個階段(duan)(duan)(duan)。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)一(yi)階段(duan)(duan)(duan),在這(zhe)階段(duan)(duan)(duan),由于廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)沒有(you)專業的(de)(de)(de)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)泊(bo)位,只能(neng)偶爾(er)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)訪問港(gang),利用(yong)非專業的(de)(de)(de)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)停靠,不(bu)能(neng)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)接(jie)送旅(lv)(lv)客(ke)(ke)出國(guo)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)-2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)二階段(duan)(duan)(duan),這(zhe)一(yi)階段(duan)(duan)(duan)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)率先填補珠三(san)角在郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產業發展(zhan)方面的(de)(de)(de)空白(bai),對南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)三(san)期(qi)集裝箱碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)進(jin)(jin)行簡(jian)單改造(zao)并調整為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)臨時郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)開展(zhan)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)業務(wu)。從2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)開始,廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)旅(lv)(lv)客(ke)(ke)量在全(quan)國(guo)占(zhan)比(bi)呈穩步(bu)增長(chang)(chang)趨勢,2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)至2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)連(lian)續4年(nian)(nian)(nian)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)客(ke)(ke)吞吐量保(bao)持(chi)著全(quan)國(guo)第(di)(di)三(san),華南(nan)區(qu)域(yu)第(di)(di)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績,并一(yi)直(zhi)維持(chi)在全(quan)國(guo)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)10%左右的(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)有(you)率,取得了(le)不(bu)俗的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績。(見表(biao)1)。2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月至今為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)三(san)階段(duan)(duan)(duan),廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)(一(yi)期(qi))建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并投(tou)入(ru)試(shi)運營(ying),標志(zhi)著廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)正(zheng)式(shi)步(bu)入(ru)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產業發展(zhan)新的(de)(de)(de)時期(qi)。廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)位于廣(guang)(guang)東自貿區(qu)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)新區(qu)片區(qu)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)灣區(qu)塊,根據交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)運輸(shu)部批復的(de)(de)(de)岸(an)(an)線規劃,項目岸(an)(an)線總(zong)長(chang)(chang)1600米(mi),已建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)入(ru)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)期(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)岸(an)(an)線長(chang)(chang)770米(mi),建(jian)設(she)規模為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1個10萬總(zong)噸(dun)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)泊(bo)位、1個22.5萬總(zong)噸(dun)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)泊(bo)位和一(yi)座(zuo)建(jian)筑(zhu)面積(ji)6萬平方米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)航(hang)站(zhan)樓(lou),同時還配套建(jian)設(she)集高端寫字樓(lou)、海(hai)景公(gong)(gong)(gong)寓和旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)休閑購物(wu)廣(guang)(guang)場(chang)于一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)商業綜(zong)合體,年(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)計(ji)通(tong)過能(neng)力75萬人(ren)次(ci)。南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)一(yi)期(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)以(yi)高起(qi)點規劃、高標準建(jian)造(zao),是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)內首(shou)個實現了(le)與公(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)、地(di)鐵(tie)、港(gang)澳水上客(ke)(ke)運等(deng)(deng)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)方式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)連(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)向(xiang)旅(lv)(lv)客(ke)(ke)提供一(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)服務(wu)和郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)體驗,南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)進(jin)(jin)行了(le)諸多方面的(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新:一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)采用(yong)自動化登船(chuan)廊橋,這(zhe)在國(guo)內尚屬首(shou)次(ci);二是(shi)(shi)(shi)引進(jin)(jin)世界(jie)上容量最大(da)、技(ji)術最先進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)岸(an)(an)電系統(tong)(tong),連(lian)船(chuan)效(xiao)率高,運行穩定可(ke)靠;三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)積(ji)極應用(yong)人(ren)臉(lian)識(shi)別、郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)管控系統(tong)(tong)等(deng)(deng)高科技(ji)、信息化手段(duan)(duan)(duan),進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)提高旅(lv)(lv)客(ke)(ke)通(tong)關效(xiao)率;四是(shi)(shi)(shi)突(tu)出航(hang)站(zhan)樓(lou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)屬性,航(hang)站(zhan)樓(lou)三(san)層及以(yi)上設(she)置開放式(shi)平臺,獨具(ju)匠(jiang)心的(de)(de)(de)開敞式(shi)設(she)計(ji),更好的(de)(de)(de)體現了(le)親水功能(neng),既(ji)可(ke)讓公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾近距離觀賞郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)和海(hai)景,又能(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)展(zhan)、餐飲等(deng)(deng)業態提供硬(ying)件支(zhi)持(chi),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)市(shi)(shi)民和游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)休閑娛樂(le)的(de)(de)(de)城市(shi)(shi)廣(guang)(guang)場(chang)。2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)來,廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)國(guo)際(ji)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)母(mu)(mu)港(gang)不(bu)僅被廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)日報評(ping)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)自新中國(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立“70周年(nian)(nian)(nian)70地(di)標之一(yi)”,更是(shi)(shi)(shi)陸(lu)續舉辦(ban)首(shou)屆廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)音樂(le)節、南(nan)沙(sha)(sha)郵(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)嘉年(nian)(nian)(nian)華等(deng)(deng)大(da)型文旅(lv)(lv)宣傳(chuan)活動。

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NGN產業鏈探討論文

NGN網絡分層模型

傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)固定網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)和(he)移(yi)動(dong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)是兩(liang)個分離的(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo),具有不同的(de)(de)體系(xi)架(jia)構。NGN將是一(yi)個有線(xian)(xian)、無線(xian)(xian)合(he)一(yi)的(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo),移(yi)動(dong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)將作為(wei)NGN的(de)(de)一(yi)個接入網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)而存在。因此,基于多種業(ye)(ye)務提供的(de)(de)軟交(jiao)換技(ji)術(shu)是NGN網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)發展的(de)(de)基礎(chu),軟交(jiao)換技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)核心(xin)是控(kong)制、承載(zai)和(he)業(ye)(ye)務三者(zhe)分離的(de)(de)開(kai)放性網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)。基于軟交(jiao)換技(ji)術(shu)構造的(de)(de)NGN網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)從(cong)功能上可以分為(wei)4個層(ceng)面:接入層(ceng)、傳(chuan)送層(ceng)、控(kong)制層(ceng)和(he)業(ye)(ye)務層(ceng),如圖1所(suo)示。

接(jie)(jie)入層包括各種接(jie)(jie)入網關(guan)、中(zhong)繼(ji)網關(guan)、無線接(jie)(jie)入網關(guan)、智能終(zhong)端(duan)以及(ji)與處理媒(mei)體(ti)有(you)關(guan)的(de)媒(mei)體(ti)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)和多(duo)點處理器(qi)(qi)(MP)。各類網關(guan)和智能終(zhong)端(duan)主要(yao)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)媒(mei)體(ti)流(liu)格式的(de)轉換和傳送,實(shi)現(xian)(xian)語音(yin)分組在分組網的(de)承(cheng)載和傳輸。媒(mei)體(ti)資源服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)用于(yu)向用戶(hu)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)豐富的(de)信號音(yin)資源以及(ji)多(duo)方(fang)會(hui)(hui)話功(gong)能。MP是基于(yu)H.323的(de)視(shi)頻(pin)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)混(hun)音(yin)和視(shi)頻(pin)混(hun)合等多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)媒(mei)體(ti)處理功(gong)能的(de)設(she)備,該(gai)設(she)備用于(yu)向NGN網絡內的(de)H.323視(shi)頻(pin)終(zhong)端(duan)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)視(shi)頻(pin)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)業(ye)務(wu)。

傳送層即包(bao)括提供(gong)IP包(bao)轉發的(de)各種承載(zai)網功能實(shi)體。目前,NGN網絡傳送層技術(shu)發展包(bao)含兩個(ge)層面:即以(yi)MPLS、IPv6為重點的(de)下(xia)一(yi)代IP網和(he)(he)自動交換光傳送網(ASTN/ASON)。在IPv6網絡暫時無法(fa)部署的(de)前提下(xia),基于私網地址的(de)NAT/FW穿越是在NGN網絡有效開展語音(yin)和(he)(he)視頻業務的(de)主要技術(shu)。

控(kong)制(zhi)層(ceng)是(shi)(shi)NGN網絡(luo)的(de)(de)核心(xin),主要(yao)(yao)包括軟(ruan)交換設備、信令(ling)網關和多點處理(li)器。軟(ruan)交換設備是(shi)(shi)呼叫(jiao)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)核心(xin),主要(yao)(yao)完成(cheng)呼叫(jiao)連接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)建立和釋放,以(yi)及媒體(ti)網關接(jie)(jie)入功(gong)能(neng)、媒體(ti)網關資源管(guan)(guan)理(li)、帶寬管(guan)(guan)理(li)、選路、信令(ling)互(hu)通和安全管(guan)(guan)理(li)等功(gong)能(neng)。信令(ling)網關則實(shi)(shi)現將(jiang)傳統(tong)No.7信令(ling)網信令(ling)適(shi)配成(cheng)IP網傳送的(de)(de)SIGTFLAN信令(ling)的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)。MC是(shi)(shi)基于H.323的(de)(de)視頻會議系統(tong)中實(shi)(shi)現會議控(kong)制(zhi)和管(guan)(guan)理(li)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)體(ti)。

業(ye)(ye)務(wu)層(ceng)主(zhu)要包(bao)括(kuo)應(ying)用服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)、第三(san)(san)方(fang)應(ying)用接(jie)口和傳(chuan)統(tong)智能(neng)網(wang)功能(neng)。該業(ye)(ye)務(wu)層(ceng)通過開放的業(ye)(ye)務(wu)層(ceng)接(jie)口向用戶(hu)提供傳(chuan)統(tong)智能(neng)網(wang)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)、多樣化(hua)的第三(san)(san)方(fang)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)和增值業(ye)(ye)務(wu)。

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養老產業鏈及金融服務研究

摘要:養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈涵(han)蓋養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)地產(chan)及養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)用品產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),是涉及到眾多養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)支持(chi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及其上(shang)下游產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的復(fu)雜產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間具有較強的感應度和(he)影響力,并對國民(min)經濟有明顯(xian)的拉(la)動作用。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)金融(rong)在整個養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈中有著重要的支撐(cheng)作用,往(wang)往(wang)可以與(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈上(shang)其他(ta)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進行混業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營(ying)。眾多新型養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)務產(chan)品的開(kai)發和(he)使用也為養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈的調整和(he)延伸帶來新的機遇。

關(guan)鍵詞:人口(kou)老齡化;養老產業鏈;養老金融服務;投(tou)入產出分(fen)析

一、養(yang)老產業(ye)鏈的結構及特(te)點

養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)新興概念,起始于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)需(xu)求(qiu),全(quan)面覆蓋養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)眾多(duo)(duo)(duo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)支(zhi)持(chi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)具(ju)有(you)較高(gao)(gao)復(fu)雜(za)度(du)(du)、集(ji)成度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)具(ju)有(you)需(xu)求(qiu)量大(da)、覆蓋面廣和(he)(he)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)貢獻率(lv)高(gao)(gao)三大(da)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)特(te)點。1.養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)基(ji)本框(kuang)架(jia)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)形態(tai)(tai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)提供能夠滿足(zu)其(qi)(qi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)態(tai)(tai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)總稱(cheng);養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)特(te)殊服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),不(bu)(bu)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)一(yi)般性公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。由養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)構成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)居(ju)(ju)家(jia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、社區養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)機(ji)構養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從(cong)內容(rong)(rong)來(lai)看(kan),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)日(ri)常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)活服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)(li)財服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、健(jian)(jian)(jian)康管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、醫療(liao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、旅游(you)交(jiao)往服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、精神文(wen)化(hua)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、法律服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、臨(lin)終關懷服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)長期(qi)護理(li)(li)(li)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(黨俊武,2014)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)地(di)(di)(di)位(wei)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)屬性特(te)殊,既涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金融(rong)和(he)(he)虛擬經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji),又具(ju)有(you)居(ju)(ju)住功能,并(bing)且需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)土地(di)(di)(di)、建(jian)筑、裝(zhuang)修(xiu)、維修(xiu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)配(pei)套服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。從(cong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供給方來(lai)看(kan),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)家(jia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、機(ji)構養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)社區養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),這(zhe)與養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)相互(hu)對應(ying)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目標客戶定位(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)滿足(zu)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)衰老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)、疾病等導致身體(ti)機(ji)能受損或日(ri)常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)活技(ji)(ji)(ji)能減弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)飾(shi)、輔助(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)活器具(ju)、助(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)器材、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)器、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)醫療(liao)器械(xie)、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)醫藥用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)康復(fu)器材、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)護理(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)文(wen)化(hua)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殯葬用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)支(zhi)持(chi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)末端,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供有(you)效支(zhi)持(chi),包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)金融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等。除此之外,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)上(shang)(shang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)支(zhi)持(chi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分,例如,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)(shang)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)電(dian)力(li)(li)、熱力(li)(li)燃氣及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供應(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)通運(yun)輸業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、科(ke)學研(yan)究和(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、水(shui)利(li)環境和(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)設施管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、居(ju)(ju)民服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農林牧副漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)批(pi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)零售業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)或多(duo)(duo)(duo)或少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拉動(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),覆蓋多(duo)(duo)(duo)數部門(men)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),創(chuang)建(jian)了(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)(bu)容(rong)(rong)忽視的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“銀(yin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)”時代(dai)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)長,涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)數國(guo)(guo)民經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部門(men),決定著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中國(guo)(guo)社會(hui)福利(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)平,對養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃分,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)我國(guo)(guo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)由八(ba)大(da)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊構成,分別為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei):養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、日(ri)常(chang)護理(li)(li)(li)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)、醫療(liao)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、家(jia)政服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、日(ri)常(chang)消費(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)活。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)采取各(ge)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)提供金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),其(qi)(qi)中住房反(fan)向抵押(ya)貸款的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現使其(qi)(qi)與養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)更加緊密(mi)。醫療(liao)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中也有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舉足(zu)輕(qing)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)位(wei),私(si)人(ren)醫療(liao)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),如老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)醫藥、保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)護理(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)家(jia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)所消費(fei),公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)醫療(liao)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)器材及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)般需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)配(pei)合日(ri)常(chang)護理(li)(li)(li),共(gong)(gong)同(tong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)各(ge)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇者所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)科(ke)學技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)步及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)智能養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),信(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中逐漸(jian)占有(you)一(yi)席之地(di)(di)(di),有(you)效提升了(le)(le)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)含量。家(jia)政服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊、日(ri)常(chang)消費(fei)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊和(he)(he)文(wen)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)活模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊同(tong)時為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)各(ge)種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)選擇者進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)方位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)支(zhi)持(chi)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本框(kuang)架(jia)和(he)(he)板塊劃分僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)理(li)(li)(li)論上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間(jian)尤(you)其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現實中是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)密(mi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。例如,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)對養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提供不(bu)(bu)可(ke)取代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)資支(zhi)持(chi),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采取混業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)作(zuo)方式進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan);養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)同(tong)樣需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)金融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi);養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)資產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實體(ti)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji),進(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)持(chi)續助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)(li)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。2.養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),尤(you)其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)需(xu)求(qiu)端擁有(you)旺盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)需(xu)求(qiu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)市場。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)統(tong)計(ji)局的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抽(chou)樣數據顯示,截至(zhi)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底,中國(guo)(guo)60歲(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2.80億(yi)人(ren),占總人(ren)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)16.14%,但30歲(sui)(sui)(sui)~59歲(sui)(sui)(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)對象在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)7.84億(yi)人(ren)左右(45.20%),40歲(sui)(sui)(sui)~59歲(sui)(sui)(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)對象也達到(dao)了(le)(le)5.33億(yi)人(ren)(30.75%),遠遠超過(guo)了(le)(le)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)總量。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)現階(jie)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),也要(yao)(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)非老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)提供未(wei)來(lai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)準備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)方位(wei)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)計(ji)劃生(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滯后(hou)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)結構影響,隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)獨(du)生(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)女父(fu)母步入(ru)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling),小(xiao)型化(hua)、高(gao)(gao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)庭結構普遍存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),這(zhe)帶(dai)來(lai)了(le)(le)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)消費(fei)方式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐漸(jian)轉變(bian),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)將(jiang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)全(quan)面發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鼎盛時期(qi)。第二,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)輻(fu)射面廣且具(ju)有(you)傳(chuan)遞(di)性。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)按模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊可(ke)劃分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)金融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等,同(tong)時對養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)游(you)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)具(ju)有(you)強(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拉動(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。按照國(guo)(guo)家(jia)統(tong)計(ji)局20個(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)部門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)分類,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到(dao)除國(guo)(guo)際組織和(he)(he)采礦(kuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)余(yu)18個(ge)(ge)(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)對我國(guo)(guo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)射作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。同(tong)時,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)各(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間(jian)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)緊密(mi)且普遍聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),某一(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)很快傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滿足(zu)快節奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)化(hua)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)需(xu)求(qiu)。第三,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)貢獻率(lv)高(gao)(gao)。從(cong)空間(jian)角度(du)(du)來(lai)看(kan),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)眾多(duo)(duo)(duo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),跨越各(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部門(men),能夠產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)帶(dai)動(dong)效應(ying)。從(cong)商務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)部公(gong)(gong)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)看(kan)護數據來(lai)看(kan),2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)看(kan)護營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入(ru)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)570萬(wan)億(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)比增(zeng)長16.1%,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)家(jia)政服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中占比16.3%。這(zhe)一(yi)數字(zi)將(jiang)隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)續增(zeng)加而(er)呈(cheng)現高(gao)(gao)速增(zeng)長態(tai)(tai)勢,遠高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)GDP的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長率(lv)。從(cong)時間(jian)角度(du)(du)來(lai)看(kan),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)口(kou)(kou),還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)滿足(zu)中青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未(wei)來(lai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)需(xu)求(qiu),具(ju)有(you)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增(zeng)長潛力(li)(li)。根據全(quan)國(guo)(guo)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)委的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數據,2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中國(guo)(guo)老(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)需(xu)求(qiu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1萬(wan)億(yi)元(yuan),這(zhe)一(yi)數字(zi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2050年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)將(jiang)達到(dao)5萬(wan)億(yi)元(yuan)。

二(er)、養老產業(ye)鏈帶(dai)動效應(ying)研究

1.養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)感應(ying)度(du)及(ji)影響力(li)(li)(li)分析。感應(ying)度(du)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)超過(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)平(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有金(jin)融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸(shu)(shu)、倉儲和(he)(he)郵政業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),紡織服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裝鞋帽皮(pi)革羽(yu)(yu)絨及(ji)其(qi)(qi)制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以及(ji)信息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)傳輸(shu)(shu)、軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)和(he)(he)信息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技術服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);而(er)影響力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)超過(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)平(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有紡織服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裝鞋帽皮(pi)革羽(yu)(yu)絨及(ji)其(qi)(qi)制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸(shu)(shu)、倉儲和(he)(he)郵政業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),信息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)傳輸(shu)(shu)、軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)和(he)(he)信息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技術服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)以及(ji)文化、體(ti)育和(he)(he)娛樂業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。值得關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是,金(jin)融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在整個(ge)(ge)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)。由此(ci)可見,養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)金(jin)融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)在養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發揮(hui)著最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。保持(chi)(chi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)感應(ying)度(du)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)較大(da)(da)部(bu)門(men)尤其(qi)(qi)是金(jin)融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)穩(wen)定增(zeng)長(chang),對于(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)健康發展(zhan)具(ju)有重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。2.養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)經(jing)濟(ji)貢(gong)(gong)獻(xian)(xian)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出(chu)分析。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對房地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)消耗(hao)量最大(da)(da),其(qi)(qi)次(ci)是交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸(shu)(shu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)金(jin)融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。從這一(yi)(yi)點可以看出(chu)我(wo)國(guo)正處于(yu)(yu)由居家養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)向(xiang)(xiang)社會養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變(bian)過(guo)程當(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)處于(yu)(yu)黃金(jin)發展(zhan)時期,大(da)(da)范圍、高適用(yong)(yong)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)項目如雨后春筍,配合以養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)長(chang)效機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建立,適應(ying)我(wo)國(guo)日益(yi)增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)需(xu)求(qiu)。同時,人(ren)們對養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)已經(jing)從簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)存(cun)需(xu)要轉變(bian)為(wei)(wei)多(duo)層(ceng)次(ci)全方位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu),候鳥(niao)式(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)以及(ji)旅游交(jiao)往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)與日俱增(zeng),帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)了(le)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸(shu)(shu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓬勃發展(zhan)。與此(ci)同時,由于(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)與金(jin)融(rong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊密聯系(xi),金(jin)融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也(ye)得到了(le)快(kuai)速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)金(jin)融(rong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)對養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)(chi)作用(yong)(yong)逐漸顯現(xian)出(chu)來。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對國(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟(ji)具(ju)有巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)作用(yong)(yong),養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)每增(zeng)加一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出(chu),將(jiang)會帶(dai)(dai)來597個(ge)(ge)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)GDP增(zeng)量,其(qi)(qi)貢(gong)(gong)獻(xian)(xian)不容小覷。養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)創造能力(li)(li)(li)并(bing)不強大(da)(da),但(dan)對其(qi)(qi)他行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)卻有著巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)作用(yong)(yong),這表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)乘數(shu)(shu)效益(yi)和(he)(he)誘發貢(gong)(gong)獻(xian)(xian),而(er)其(qi)(qi)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)貢(gong)(gong)獻(xian)(xian)率(lv)和(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)后乘數(shu)(shu)效益(yi)卻微乎其(qi)(qi)微。這是由于(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)老(lao)(lao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)新(xin)興產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),規模尚小,投資收益(yi)不足(zu),但(dan)與其(qi)(qi)他行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)關聯密切(qie),服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)群體(ti)日益(yi)壯大(da)(da),對整個(ge)(ge)國(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟(ji)有著巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)獻(xian)(xian)。

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汽車產業產業鏈商業模式創新探討

摘(zhai)要:區(qu)塊鏈(lian)是(shi)未來產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)模(mo)式創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的技術基(ji)礎(chu)。本(ben)(ben)文以汽車(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)為例,在對(dui)“區(qu)塊鏈(lian)+汽車(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)”相關內涵和(he)(he)可行(xing)性分析的基(ji)礎(chu)上,從汽車(che)(che)研(yan)發、汽車(che)(che)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、汽車(che)(che)銷售和(he)(he)汽車(che)(che)服務等維度(du)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)構建(jian)(jian)了“區(qu)塊鏈(lian)+汽車(che)(che)”產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)模(mo)式。最后,本(ben)(ben)文還提(ti)出應(ying)從頂(ding)層設計與(yu)統籌、技術研(yan)發與(yu)普(pu)及(ji)、典型規(gui)模(mo)企(qi)業(ye)試點先(xian)行(xing)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)的商(shang)(shang)業(ye)應(ying)用(yong)規(gui)范和(he)(he)技術標準體系建(jian)(jian)設等方面推進“區(qu)塊鏈(lian)+汽車(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)”的高效融合發展。本(ben)(ben)文的結論為區(qu)塊鏈(lian)技術在汽車(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的應(ying)用(yong)推廣(guang)提(ti)供(gong)了科學參(can)考和(he)(he)理(li)論依據(ju)。

關鍵詞:區塊鏈;產業鏈;商業模式;汽車產業

1引言

區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)被全球廣泛認為(wei)(wei)是繼三次工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)革命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又一顛覆性(xing)核(he)心技術(shu)(shu)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一種(zhong)前沿創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu),區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)可(ke)以有(you)(you)(you)效解(jie)決大數據、人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)等(deng)技術(shu)(shu)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)如信任(ren)危(wei)機、平臺(tai)權(quan)力(li)集(ji)中(zhong)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶信息泄(xie)露(lu)等(deng)諸多(duo)難(nan)題。2021年,我國(guo)進一步(bu)將(jiang)“區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”重(zhong)點專(zhuan)項(xiang)列入(ru)“十(shi)四五”國(guo)家重(zhong)點研發計劃,目標“……開展(zhan)在重(zhong)點領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)示(shi)范,打造具有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)際競爭力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生態。”不可(ke)否認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是,雖然(ran)(ran)區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)相(xiang)較其他互聯網技術(shu)(shu)確實存(cun)在顯著優(you)勢,且在經濟突破、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)等(deng)方面具有(you)(you)(you)廣闊(kuo)前景(jing),但是世(shi)界(jie)各(ge)(ge)國(guo)對(dui)于區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研發仍然(ran)(ran)處于起(qi)步(bu)階段(duan),區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)在各(ge)(ge)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐(jian)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也處于探索(suo)時期,尚(shang)未(wei)形(xing)成典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成熟案例。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)眾多(duo)城市(shi)經濟發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),不斷探索(suo)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu),在新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源、無人(ren)駕駛等(deng)技術(shu)(shu)融(rong)合應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)也成為(wei)(wei)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數字經濟潮流(liu)下實現轉型(xing)升級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又一助推器。當前汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣泛共識是,區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)將(jiang)顛覆汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。對(dui)比(bi)國(guo)內外對(dui)“區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)+汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)實踐(jian)和(he)探索(suo)可(ke)以看(kan)出(chu),雖然(ran)(ran)區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)在汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)仍處于起(qi)步(bu)階段(duan),但是已萌(meng)芽出(chu)了許(xu)多(duo)具有(you)(you)(you)較高應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)價(jia)值和(he)廣闊(kuo)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前景(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)+汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式(shi)、創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)平臺(tai)或者(zhe)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。但是,由于區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尚(shang)不成熟以及與(yu)(yu)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合度(du)尚(shang)淺(qian),“區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)+汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”還未(wei)形(xing)成基于產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完整(zheng)系統化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)式(shi)。基于此,本文擬從產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)角,從研發、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、銷售和(he)服務等(deng)環節提出(chu)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“區(qu)(qu)(qu)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)+汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)式(shi)構想(xiang)。

2區塊(kuai)鏈技術與汽車產業鏈

2.1區塊鏈技術

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林業全產業鏈模式財務績效探析

摘(zhai)要:以效(xiao)益較好的(de)岳陽林紙股(gu)份有限(xian)公司為研究對象,分(fen)析岳陽林紙通過(guo)并購方式沿產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈方向延伸(shen)形成全(quan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈的(de)商業(ye)(ye)模(mo)式前后(hou)的(de)財(cai)務績效(xiao)。基于對岳陽林紙股(gu)份有限(xian)公司財(cai)務數據對比分(fen)析和EVA分(fen)析,發現全(quan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈模(mo)式存在的(de)問題并尋求解決措施(shi),探(tan)尋全(quan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈模(mo)式的(de)經濟效(xiao)益。

關鍵詞:全產(chan)業鏈模式;財(cai)務績(ji)效;償債能(neng)力

1林(lin)業(ye)全產業(ye)鏈概述

“全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)”是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)沿(yan)著(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)方向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)(xiang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯合,為(wei)提升整體(ti)競爭力,整合從研發(fa)到生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)再到運輸(shu)最后是(shi)(shi)銷售各環節(jie)[1]。“林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)模式(shi)(shi)”是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)集(ji)林(lin)(lin)(lin)木(mu)種植、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、倉儲、運輸(shu)、銷售甚至是(shi)(shi)金融服(fu)務為(wei)一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模式(shi)(shi)。自2015年(nian)全(quan)面(mian)停止(zhi)砍伐天然(ran)林(lin)(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)實施以(yi)來(lai),我(wo)國許多(duo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)臨著(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)木(mu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)困(kun)乏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題,不(bu)得(de)不(bu)引進(jin)國外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)木(mu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan),高昂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)費用(yong)支出是(shi)(shi)許多(duo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)出現(xian)財(cai)務困(kun)難的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)況。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種形勢下,解(jie)決(jue)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經營困(kun)難的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題迫在(zai)(zai)眉睫(jie)。由于(yu)整體(ti)經濟形勢發(fa)展較(jiao)好,許多(duo)原(yuan)本勞動密集(ji)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)前幾年(nian)積累了大(da)量資(zi)(zi)金,開(kai)(kai)始(shi)沿(yan)著(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)上下游方向(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)行(xing)并購,并引進(jin)大(da)量人(ren)才,以(yi)期運用(yong)規模經濟、控股(gu)成本、掌握市場等(deng)優勢解(jie)決(jue)經營問(wen)題。同時,受政府(fu)政策(ce)指(zhi)引,發(fa)展生(sheng)態建(jian)設得(de)到強大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推動,越來(lai)越多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)園林(lin)(lin)(lin)、綠化建(jian)設展開(kai)(kai),這(zhe)為(wei)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發(fa)展提供了大(da)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)環境(jing),并拓寬了林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)渠道。本文結(jie)合2017年(nian)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)運用(yong)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)模式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)岳陽(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi),分析其財(cai)務績效(xiao)(xiao)[2],評價(jia)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)模式(shi)(shi)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)應。2017年(nian)5月,岳陽(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)全(quan)資(zi)(zi)收購誠(cheng)通凱勝,通過增發(fa)新(xin)股(gu)將總股(gu)本由10.43億股(gu)增加(jia)到13.98億股(gu),聯合原(yuan)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)泰發(fa)地產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)和湖南(nan)茂(mao)源(yuan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)兩個完全(quan)控股(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)子(zi)公司,岳陽(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)從木(mu)材種植、制漿(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和銷售產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)發(fa)展開(kai)(kai)始(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)綠化苗木(mu)種植,園林(lin)(lin)(lin)施工和養(yang)護、生(sheng)態治理等(deng)方面(mian)形成全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)模式(shi)(shi)。

2岳陽林紙全產業鏈模式(shi)績效分析

2.1基本(ben)(ben)(ben)財務(wu)(wu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)。2.1.1岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)主要(yao)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長期(qi)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)。從(cong)圖2-1可(ke)(ke)以看出(chu)從(cong)2014到(dao)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)里岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)從(cong)67.6%下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)49.9%,表(biao)(biao)明企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長期(qi)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)也得(de)到(dao)了(le)明顯改善(shan),這(zhe)與短期(qi)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)表(biao)(biao)現一致[3]。同(tong)時,資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)程(cheng)(cheng)度最明顯,企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)長短期(qi)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)該(gai)(gai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)這(zhe)個分(fen)(fen)水嶺都(dou)得(de)到(dao)明顯提升(sheng)(sheng),可(ke)(ke)見(jian)該(gai)(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈模式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)從(cong)目前來看對公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)償(chang)(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)能力(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生正效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益。2.1.2岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)營(ying)(ying)(ying)運(yun)(yun)能力(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)圖2-2看出(chu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)股(gu)份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存貨(huo)周(zhou)轉(zhuan)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始較(jiao)(jiao)前兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),從(cong)1.17下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)0.8,可(ke)(ke)見(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存貨(huo)增加(jia),資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金變現速度有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)。但(dan)根(gen)據后兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據顯示,存貨(huo)周(zhou)轉(zhuan)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)又慢(man)(man)慢(man)(man)回升(sheng)(sheng),于2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)0.98,未出(chu)現較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存貨(huo)積(ji)壓(ya)風險(xian)(xian)。固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)周(zhou)轉(zhuan)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和(he)總資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)周(zhou)轉(zhuan)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間呈穩(wen)(wen)步上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)趨勢(shi),分(fen)(fen)別由0,78上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)1,51和(he)0.39上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)0.46,可(ke)(ke)見(jian)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)整體(ti)營(ying)(ying)(ying)運(yun)(yun)能力(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao),運(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)平(ping)穩(wen)(wen)提升(sheng)(sheng),固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)得(de)當(dang),結構(gou)合(he)理(li),且(qie)全(quan)(quan)部資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)也在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng),企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)也會相應(ying)(ying)上(shang)(shang)(shang)漲。應(ying)(ying)收(shou)(shou)賬款周(zhou)轉(zhuan)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間波動(dong)較(jiao)(jiao)大,最低值(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)5.34,在(zai)(zai)(zai)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應(ying)(ying)防止應(ying)(ying)收(shou)(shou)賬款回收(shou)(shou)風險(xian)(xian),但(dan)由于2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈戰(zhan)略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實施,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幫助企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)避(bi)此風險(xian)(xian)。2.1.3岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)盈(ying)利(li)(li)能力(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)如圖2-3所(suo)(suo)(suo)示2014-2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)凈(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)收(shou)(shou)益率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),營(ying)(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)同(tong)方向變動(dong),都(dou)經(jing)歷了(le)先下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)又到(dao)持續(xu)(xu)加(jia)快上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)再到(dao)輕微下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。三項(xiang)比率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)處于最低點,峰(feng)值(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。說明企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益不(bu)好(hao),而2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發展全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中,加(jia)強了(le)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管理(li),拓展了(le)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)范圍,企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)范化、制度化、科學化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li),減少銷(xiao)售(shou)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、管理(li)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)和(he)財務(wu)(wu)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多余支出(chu)。綜(zong)合(he)而言,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)盈(ying)利(li)(li)能力(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)實行(xing)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈模式(shi)(shi)后得(de)到(dao)了(le)增強。2.2岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)評估。本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)選(xuan)擇經(jing)濟增加(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(EVA值(zhi)(zhi))這(zhe)一財務(wu)(wu)評價(jia)(jia)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)評價(jia)(jia)財務(wu)(wu)績效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。EVA值(zhi)(zhi)能夠考(kao)慮所(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben),較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)(ying)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)者合(he)理(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、為(wei)(wei)(wei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創造(zao)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能力(li)(li)[4]。EVA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)式(shi)(shi)如下(xia)(xia):EVA=稅(shui)(shui)后凈(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)-調(diao)整后資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)總額×加(jia)權(quan)平(ping)均(jun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。2.2.1調(diao)整后稅(shui)(shui)后凈(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)(NOPAT)調(diao)整后稅(shui)(shui)后凈(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)=凈(jing)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)+(利(li)(li)息(xi)支出(chu)+研究開發費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)調(diao)整項(xiang)-非(fei)經(jing)常性損益調(diao)整×50%)×(1-25%)。2.2.2調(diao)整后資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(TC)調(diao)整后資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)=平(ping)均(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)者權(quan)益+平(ping)均(jun)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)合(he)計(ji)(ji)-平(ping)均(jun)無息(xi)流動(dong)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)-平(ping)均(jun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)建工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)2.2.3加(jia)權(quan)平(ping)均(jun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(WACC)由于2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到(dao)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)股(gu)份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)均(jun)未超(chao)過(guo)75%,且(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)背景,所(suo)(suo)(suo)以加(jia)權(quan)平(ping)均(jun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)按照5.5%簡化計(ji)(ji)算[5]。2.2.4EVA值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng):根(gen)據表(biao)(biao)中2014-2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陽(yang)(yang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)EVA數(shu)(shu)值(zhi)(zhi)情況可(ke)(ke)以看出(chu)2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)EVA均(jun)是負(fu)值(zhi)(zhi)且(qie)數(shu)(shu)額頗大。考(kao)慮到(dao)當(dang)時林(lin)(lin)(lin)紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)(suo)(suo)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟放緩,紙(zhi)(zhi)張需(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)高,價(jia)(jia)格下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部環境,而用(yong)(yong)工(gong)、原材(cai)料(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng),企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)很難獲得(de)期(qi)望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)。表(biao)(biao)明在(zai)(zai)(zai)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)誠通(tong)凱盛(sheng)之前,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)收(shou)(shou)益小于企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben),沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)股(gu)東創造(zao)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)。但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2017和(he)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)EVA值(zhi)(zhi)連續(xu)(xu)兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)是正值(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.16億(yi)元和(he)0.68億(yi)元,可(ke)(ke)以看出(chu)增發新股(gu)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)誠通(tong)凱盛(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決策很正確(que),通(tong)過(guo)誠通(tong)凱盛(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)建設業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)能夠拉動(dong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益回升(sheng)(sheng),彌補造(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)虧損局面,為(wei)(wei)(wei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)來了(le)利(li)(li)潤(run)(run)。從(cong)此組數(shu)(shu)據中,全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模式(shi)(shi)提升(sheng)(sheng)了(le)該(gai)(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)勢(shi)得(de)以顯現。

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議石油企業產業鏈的構建思考

【摘要(yao)】我(wo)國的(de)(de)石(shi)油產(chan)業(ye)目前(qian)基本(ben)上(shang)實現了上(shang)下游一(yi)體化(hua)(hua),在(zai)一(yi)定程度上(shang)還完(wan)善了其產(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)(gou),但(dan)是(shi)由于這(zhe)種一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)活動并(bing)不是(shi)市(shi)場發展的(de)(de)結果,產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)形成的(de)(de)非市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)必然(ran)會導致不合理的(de)(de)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)出現。針對這(zhe)一(yi)問(wen)題,本(ben)文分析(xi)了我(wo)國石(shi)油企業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)構(gou)(gou)建中的(de)(de)缺陷,并(bing)提出了相關(guan)政(zheng)策建議。

【關鍵(jian)詞】石(shi)油企業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)鏈政策(ce)建議

隨著經濟(ji)全球化(hua)特別是我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)加入世貿組織之后,國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)市場(chang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)化(hua)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)競(jing)爭國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)化(hua)的(de)(de)趨勢日益加快,我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)油(you)(you)企業(ye)面臨著越來越激(ji)烈(lie)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)競(jing)爭。而對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)石(shi)油(you)(you)企業(ye)而言(yan),要想盡可(ke)能多地參與分享(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)石(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)資源和(he)市場(chang),保障國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)石(shi)油(you)(you)供應,從而在日益激(ji)烈(lie)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)競(jing)爭中(zhong)(zhong)占據(ju)有利地位,就必(bi)須(xu)以國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)跨(kua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)油(you)(you)公司為(wei)發展標桿,實(shi)行產業(ye)鏈構建戰(zhan)略,提高自身的(de)(de)經濟(ji)實(shi)力和(he)綜合競(jing)爭力。

然而(er),我國(guo)石油(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)雖(sui)然經過(guo)(guo)了(le)一(yi)系列的(de)(de)并購、重組活動(dong),目(mu)前(qian)可以(yi)說基本上實現了(le)上下游的(de)(de)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua),另(ling)外,通過(guo)(guo)幾次調整,在一(yi)定程度還完善了(le)其產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構,但(dan)是由于這種一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)活動(dong)并不(bu)是市場發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)結果,而(er)是國(guo)家(jia)按照地理位置劃分而(er)人為(wei)形成的(de)(de),因此對于我國(guo)石油(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)而(er)言,產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈形成的(de)(de)非市場化(hua)必然會導致不(bu)合理的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈。這就要(yao)求我們(men)深入(ru)分析當(dang)前(qian)我國(guo)石油(you)(you)企業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈目(mu)前(qian)存在的(de)(de)不(bu)合理狀態,提出(chu)相應的(de)(de)政策建(jian)議,以(yi)期更好(hao)更快地促(cu)進(jin)我國(guo)石油(you)(you)企業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)。

一、我國石(shi)油企業產業鏈的構(gou)建(jian)缺陷

1、上(shang)下(xia)游結構(gou)不合理

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農業產業鏈發展論文

摘要從(cong)農業產業鏈(lian)角(jiao)度(du),考察湖北(bei)農業產業鏈(lian)發展現(xian)狀(zhuang)和所(suo)具有的特征,同時分析(xi)其所(suo)存在(zai)(zai)的問(wen)題(ti)和障礙因素(su),在(zai)(zai)此基礎上,探討提升(sheng)湖北(bei)農業產業鏈(lian)競爭力(li)的對策思路。

關鍵(jian)詞湖北省農業產業鏈競(jing)爭力

1湖北農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)鏈現(xian)狀與特征

1.1農產品鏈種類豐富多樣

湖(hu)北(bei)是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)大省,其(qi)優(you)越的(de)地理資(zi)源和氣候(hou)條件,使得湖(hu)北(bei)省農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品品種(zhong)繁多,除海水(shui)養(yang)殖(zhi)和少數(shu)其(qi)他(ta)省份特有(you)(you)物種(zhong)外,湖(hu)北(bei)在種(zhong)植業(ye)(ye)、林業(ye)(ye)、畜牧業(ye)(ye)、淡水(shui)養(yang)殖(zhi)業(ye)(ye)等(deng)領域均有(you)(you)多種(zhong)多樣的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出,而且基(ji)本上與全(quan)國(guo)性的(de)大宗農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品構成相近,許(xu)多農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量名列全(quan)國(guo)前(qian)茅。在通常年景下,湖(hu)北(bei)糧食居(ju)(ju)全(quan)國(guo)第(di)9位(wei),棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)居(ju)(ju)第(di)3位(wei),油(you)料(liao)居(ju)(ju)第(di)4位(wei),生(sheng)豬(zhu)和茶葉居(ju)(ju)第(di)5位(wei)。近幾(ji)年湖(hu)北(bei)在資(zi)源優(you)勢(shi)基(ji)礎上確立和形成優(you)質(zhi)稻(dao)、棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)、蔬菜(cai)、名特水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品、優(you)質(zhi)三元豬(zhu)、專用小麥(mai)、雙低油(you)菜(cai)、柑(gan)橘等(deng)8種(zhong)優(you)勢(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品,魔芋(yu)、奶牛、家(jia)禽、食用菌、蠶(can)桑、蜂(feng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品、板栗、茶葉、中藥(yao)材(cai)等(deng)9種(zhong)特色農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品。與這些農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品相對應(ying),構成了諸如糧食產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)、棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)、油(you)料(liao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)等(deng)眾(zhong)多的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品鏈(lian)(lian)。

1.2農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)鏈正(zheng)在延伸

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休閑養生旅游與生態農業產業鏈研究

[摘要]休閑(xian)(xian)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)強(qiang)調養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和改(gai)善健康,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)注重農業(ye)(ye)(ye)系統的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能,休閑(xian)(xian)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)融合(he)的(de)(de)(de)本質是原(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)解構及重新組合(he)。休閑(xian)(xian)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)融合(he)是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)與(yu)(yu)消費、內(nei)在(zai)與(yu)(yu)外(wai)在(zai)驅動共(gong)同作(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)結果;投入產(chan)(chan)出聯(lian)系、技術知識關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)與(yu)(yu)市場治理、科(ke)層治理、混合(he)治理等制(zhi)度性關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)構成休閑(xian)(xian)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)融合(he)的(de)(de)(de)互動關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)機制(zhi);兩者相互作(zuo)(zuo)用、相互影(ying)響形成協(xie)同效應與(yu)(yu)耦合(he)效應。

[關鍵詞]休(xiu)閑養生旅游;生態農業;產業鏈;融合互(hu)動

一、引言

休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)本質是旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)類型之一,從旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)定義出發(fa),結合(he)(he)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)以(yi)需求(qiu)(qiu)為界定產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)特質,休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是指為滿足人們休(xiu)閑放松(song)、健康(kang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)及(ji)療養(yang)(yang)(yang)護理(li)需求(qiu)(qiu)而從事休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)品及(ji)服務(wu)工作的(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)和(he)部門的(de)(de)(de)集合(he)(he)。我國休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)市場逐漸擴大(da),除(chu)了老齡化(hua)加快,工作壓力大(da)、城市環境擁擠使得越來越多的(de)(de)(de)都市居(ju)民處于(yu)(yu)亞健康(kang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai),尋求(qiu)(qiu)悠(you)閑舒適、平衡(heng)放松(song)、身心健康(kang)的(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)亟待(dai)豐富供(gong)給,實現供(gong)求(qiu)(qiu)均衡(heng)。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是以(yi)傳(chuan)統(tong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)為基礎,運用生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)友好的(de)(de)(de)技術體系及(ji)管理(li)模式(shi),追求(qiu)(qiu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)及(ji)效益的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)性(xing)、可(ke)持續性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)方式(shi)[1]。2015年以(yi)來,我國政府(fu)日益重視生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),相關生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)技術及(ji)方法也得到了深入研究,但仍面臨(lin)人均糧(liang)食產(chan)量不足、農(nong)(nong)民及(ji)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)對生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護的(de)(de)(de)積極(ji)性(xing)弱等問題(ti)。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)休(xiu)閑養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)有利于(yu)(yu)緩解產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)身面臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)困境,激發(fa)鄉村經濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)活力[2]。

二、休閑養生旅游與生態農業產業鏈融合互動(dong)理論基礎

(一)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)文獻回顧(gu)。近年來,學者(zhe)們就生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)展(zhan)(zhan)開(kai)(kai)了相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)。伍婷[3]、姚展(zhan)(zhan)鵬等(deng)[4]基于(yu)(yu)(yu)模(mo)塊(kuai)化理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun),運用“長板(ban)整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)”和(he)(he)(he)“黑箱操作(zuo)”原(yuan)理(li),構(gou)建(jian)了農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。魏玲麗從產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)(te)征出發(fa)(fa)(fa)分(fen)析(xi)了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要影響因(yin)(yin)素(su),從產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、項目(mu)、營銷(xiao)模(mo)式開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)方面(mian)提出產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)建(jian)設路徑(jing),并(bing)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)構(gou)建(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)戰略(lve)聯(lian)(lian)盟是(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵[5]。張海(hai)東從產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)耦合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)、政(zheng)府重視(shi)程度、鄉村休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)環境分(fen)析(xi)了熱帶特(te)(te)(te)(te)色農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對海(hai)南旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)拓展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)利因(yin)(yin)素(su);認(ren)為(wei)(wei)熱帶特(te)(te)(te)(te)色農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對海(hai)南旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)拓展(zhan)(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)促(cu)(cu)進新(xin)型城鎮化、保護農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文明、拓展(zhan)(zhan)景區物理(li)空間(jian)[6]。何(he)海(hai)真從產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)延(yan)伸和(he)(he)(he)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)角(jiao)對休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)提出建(jian)議[7]。李永安等(deng)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)需求(qiu)結構(gou)、政(zheng)策(ce)支(zhi)持、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)契合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li),兩(liang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)要素(su)交(jiao)互(hu)(hu)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)能(neng)夠降低交(jiao)易成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、豐富“游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)涵、促(cu)(cu)進城鄉一體(ti)化和(he)(he)(he)社會均衡,并(bing)分(fen)析(xi)了兩(liang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)伸路徑(jing)[8]。學者(zhe)們基于(yu)(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)、模(mo)塊(kuai)化理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)等(deng)對農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響因(yin)(yin)素(su)、價值及產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)構(gou)建(jian)展(zhan)(zhan)開(kai)(kai)了相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu),奠定(ding)了一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)基礎(chu),但(dan)突(tu)出旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)性(xing)(xing)以(yi)及休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)及相(xiang)互(hu)(hu)作(zuo)用機制研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)并(bing)不(bu)多見(jian)。因(yin)(yin)此,本(ben)(ben)文從探(tan)索休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)互(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)路徑(jing)出發(fa)(fa)(fa),在(zai)(zai)分(fen)析(xi)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)身產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上,借助生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)消費驅動(dong)(dong)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)關(guan)(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun),同(tong)時融入產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)視(shi)角(jiao),深(shen)入探(tan)討休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)互(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)機制。(二)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)。準(zhun)確界定(ding)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)及生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)分(fen)析(xi)兩(liang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)區別于(yu)(yu)(yu)廣義農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要前提。在(zai)(zai)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong),都強調改善和(he)(he)(he)促(cu)(cu)進健康,治療(liao)疾病,身體(ti)、感情(qing)、精神(shen)、靈魂平衡與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)(he)諧[9],以(yi)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)環境為(wei)(wei)依(yi)托,注重空氣(qi)、氣(qi)候、水體(ti)、山(shan)地、綠化率、噪(zao)音、負氧離(li)子(zi)含量等(deng)大自(zi)然(ran)本(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)[10],產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)以(yi)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)醫療(liao)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)為(wei)(wei)核心(xin),包含溫(wen)泉(quan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、森林(lin)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、運動(dong)(dong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、農(nong)(nong)事養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、佛教(jiao)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)。因(yin)(yin)此休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要特(te)(te)(te)(te)征是(shi)(shi)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)及項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健康與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高質(zhi)量。休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種,本(ben)(ben)身具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)———強關(guan)(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)性(xing)(xing),易于(yu)(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其他產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),同(tong)時又是(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)關(guan)(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)性(xing)(xing)更強。此外,資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)異質(zhi)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian),依(yi)托不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian),形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)多種形(xing)(xing)(xing)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)、資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)異質(zhi)性(xing)(xing)、高效(xiao)性(xing)(xing)、持續(xu)性(xing)(xing)等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)[11];強調農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統整(zheng)體(ti)功能(neng),兼(jian)顧(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)、經濟(ji)、社會效(xiao)應(ying);因(yin)(yin)各地不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)技(ji)術及模(mo)式;注重循環利用、利益合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)共享,實現高效(xiao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan);維護生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境,減少污染,促(cu)(cu)進農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。(三)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)是(shi)(shi)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)探(tan)討兩(liang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),實質(zhi)是(shi)(shi)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)分(fen)解,通過(guo)模(mo)塊(kuai)化組(zu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程。在(zai)(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong),因(yin)(yin)市場(chang)需求(qiu)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利益追(zhui)求(qiu)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)分(fen)工(gong)等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin),兩(liang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)之(zhi)間(jian)相(xiang)互(hu)(hu)碰(peng)撞,使得原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)裂變(bian),最開(kai)(kai)始產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一個(ge)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),再(zai)而衍變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)群,然(ran)后形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)塊(kuai),模(mo)塊(kuai)之(zhi)間(jian)相(xiang)互(hu)(hu)組(zu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)以(yi)自(zi)身產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領先企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)核心(xin),以(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、資(zi)本(ben)(ben)、技(ji)術等(deng)為(wei)(wei)紐帶,在(zai)(zai)其互(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)過(guo)程中(zhong)通過(guo)要素(su)及能(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)換與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)傳遞,突(tu)破固有(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)邊界,形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)競爭力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、技(ji)術、資(zi)本(ben)(ben)、市場(chang)等(deng)之(zhi)間(jian)實現互(hu)(hu)補(bu)或替代。

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