導語(yu)：如何(he)才能寫好一篇(pian)電氣工程學科(ke)的(de)發展趨勢，這(zhe)就(jiu)需要搜集整理更多的(de)資料和文獻，歡迎閱讀由公務員之家整理的(de)十篇(pian)范(fan)文，供(gong)你借(jie)鑒。

篇1

電氣工程學科及其(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在內(nei)容(rong)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交叉(cha)使得電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在內(nei)容(rong)方(fang)面(mian)變得更加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充實，在未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中也必將受到信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很大(da)影響(xiang)。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)運用新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)手段(duan)和新(xin)方(fang)法(fa)，讓學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)更具有科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)性。在發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中注重理(li)論(lun)與(yu)實踐相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)合(he)，重視理(li)論(lun)知識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夯實，擴大(da)知識面(mian)。為(wei)(wei)了能夠應(ying)對(dui)現代社(she)會(hui)對(dui)于新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)需求，電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)必須應(ying)對(dui)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)，不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步和創新(xin)。對(dui)于研(yan)究電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)員要注重學(xue)(xue)習(xi)，多(duo)加(jia)積累，掌握(wo)多(duo)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識，將自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)知識和信(xin)息(xi)網(wang)絡很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)起來。由于科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，所屬(shu)于電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很多(duo)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)都不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立，成為(wei)(wei)一門專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，然而它們在內(nei)容(rong)上(shang)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)仍(reng)然有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)聯(lian)，不是其(qi)他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)就能夠比較的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在現階(jie)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)形勢下，依(yi)然具有非常(chang)可觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和就業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前景。在電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)教學(xue)(xue)中，將交叉(cha)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所關(guan)聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識都做了較為(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)和分(fen)析，理(li)論(lun)與(yu)實踐相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)合(he)，在平時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教學(xue)(xue)中，將德(de)育教育放(fang)在首(shou)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，這樣才能培養出(chu)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)格高技(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)才。。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)將來會(hui)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)三個主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)方(fang)向，分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制、電(dian)(dian)力與(yu)電(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)。

二、電(dian)氣工程學科(ke)發展對策

1.我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)建立(li)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程學(xue)科(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，要(yao)考慮到(dao)(dao)國家(jia)和(he)(he)市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)正需求，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)出國家(jia)和(he)(he)社(she)會真(zhen)正需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才，這(zhe)樣(yang)才可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)促進(jin)我國高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)方面做到(dao)(dao)更加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)和(he)(he)合理。各個(ge)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)根據市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)需要(yao)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)建立(li)起該學(xue)科(ke)和(he)(he)科(ke)研(yan)基(ji)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中，也(ye)要(yao)突出學(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特色，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)出社(she)會需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才。不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)真(zhen)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發揮出自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)性優勢，找到(dao)(dao)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦學(xue)定位，只有這(zhe)樣(yang)才可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)讓我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)間形成(cheng)一個(ge)具有不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)層次和(he)(he)類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)格局。同(tong)(tong)時對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)經濟比較(jiao)發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區，就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)建設(she)一些高水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程科(ke)研(yan)基(ji)地(di)。將較(jiao)為(wei)先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備投入到(dao)(dao)科(ke)研(yan)基(ji)地(di)中，這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程行(xing)業(ye)(ye)帶來巨(ju)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動力。高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)科(ke)技創新，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)出高素質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)人才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)輸(shu)送也(ye)更加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符合電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程行(xing)業(ye)(ye)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)其他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)來說具有較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論性和(he)(he)實踐性。因而在(zai)(zai)(zai)進(jin)行(xing)人才平(ping)(ping)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中，就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)注重實踐能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)，將實踐與理論知(zhi)識緊(jin)密結合。教(jiao)師(shi)作為(wei)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程學(xue)科(ke)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)組成(cheng)部分(fen)(fen)，要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)積極(ji)進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程學(xue)科(ke)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時，也(ye)要(yao)注重教(jiao)師(shi)能力和(he)(he)素質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)。尤其是近年來國家(jia)放寬政策，高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)生(sheng)數量(liang)持續增長，這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)(jiu)導致高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)師(shi)數量(liang)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足。因而對(dui)(dui)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)師(shi)資隊伍加強培(pei)育。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內教(jiao)師(shi)數量(liang)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，要(yao)擴大對(dui)(dui)優秀教(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招聘，同(tong)(tong)時也(ye)應該定期(qi)地(di)將骨干(gan)型教(jiao)師(shi)進(jin)行(xing)培(pei)訓指導，不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能力和(he)(he)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，這(zhe)樣(yang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)高整個(ge)高校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)研(yan)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。

2.在各個高校的電氣工程學科間，要建立起相互學習和交流的渠道，相互交流經驗，能夠很好的提高教師的教學水平。而且在教學的過程中，不應該拘謹學課本，要密切的了解電氣工程學科在市場中的具體行情，及時了解發展方向，進而根據電氣工程行業的發展趨勢制定(ding)出相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)案，這對于電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生就(jiu)業(ye)有(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)益處。教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳授(shou)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，對學(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力培養有(you)(you)著至關重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)對于提高電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)水平(ping)有(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)益處。教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)對電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)具(ju)有(you)(you)熟練掌握和(he)(he)擴展能力，這樣(yang)(yang)對于專(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳授(shou)與更(geng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幫(bang)助。在實(shi)(shi)(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，將科學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習方(fang)法傳授(shou)給學(xue)(xue)(xue)生，能夠讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生在穩固掌握和(he)(he)理(li)解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上在實(shi)(shi)(shi)際生活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)予(yu)以應用。電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)要多(duo)組織形式多(duo)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)活(huo)動(dong)。在一定(ding)程(cheng)度上，計算機技術(shu)和(he)(he)信息網(wang)絡技術(shu)以及(ji)機械自動(dong)化技術(shu)對于電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展具(ju)有(you)(you)推動(dong)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。然而電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)行業(ye)在實(shi)(shi)(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)需要很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)性(xing)，這就(jiu)需要教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容，將科研(yan)(yan)活(huo)動(dong)與實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)結(jie)合(he)起來，這樣(yang)(yang)可以讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生對于電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)理(li)解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)加透徹，理(li)論與實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)相結(jie)合(he)，對于將來走向(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作崗(gang)位有(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幫(bang)助，也大(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)促進了(le)電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)行業(ye)科研(yan)(yan)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高。

三、總結

篇2

關鍵詞：電氣(qi)工程(cheng)專業(ye)；現狀分析；浙(zhe)江(jiang)省屬高校；發展策略

作者簡介(jie)：翁國(guo)慶（1977-），男，浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)衢州人，浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)工(gong)業大學(xue)信息學(xue)院電氣與自動(dong)化系副主任(ren)，副教授；黃飛騰（1984-），男，浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)溫州人，浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)工(gong)業大學(xue)信息工(gong)程學(xue)院，實驗師(shi)。（浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang) 杭(hang)州 310023）

基金項目(mu)(mu)(mu)：本文(wen)系浙江工業大學優(you)(you)秀課程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)（項目(mu)(mu)(mu)編號：YX1206）、院教改項目(mu)(mu)(mu)“以科研(yan)優(you)(you)勢為依(yi)托的特色(se)新興專業建(jian)設(she)”的研(yan)究成果(guo)。

中(zhong)圖分類號：G642 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-0079（2013）20-0035-02

由于與(yu)國(guo)民經濟發展(zhan)的緊密關(guan)聯性，電(dian)(dian)氣工程(cheng)專業的教育和科研在我國(guo)高(gao)校中一直占據十分重要(yao)的地位。一方面，電(dian)(dian)氣學(xue)科和行業發展(zhan)迅猛，信息(xi)化、智能化和新(xin)能源的廣(guang)泛應用(yong)已成為未來電(dian)(dian)氣工程(cheng)領(ling)域的發展(zhan)趨勢；另一方面，未來高(gao)等教育的核心任務(wu)是培(pei)養(yang)適應社會需(xu)求、綜合(he)能力強的高(gao)層次(ci)專業人才。據統計，全國(guo)大約共有(you)320多所(suo)本科院校開設電(dian)(dian)氣工程(cheng)相關(guan)專業，其(qi)發展(zhan)層次(ci)和水平、服務(wu)行業和區域各異，如何進(jin)行科學(xue)合(he)理的專業規(gui)劃、量身(shen)定制其(qi)專業發展(zhan)和人才培(pei)養(yang)目標成為具有(you)重要(yao)意義(yi)和迫在眉(mei)睫的問(wen)題。

一、專(zhuan)業人才(cai)培養目標和成長規律

電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程是一門綜(zong)合(he)性較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)學科，其主要(yao)特點(dian)是強弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)結合(he)、機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)結合(he)、軟(ruan)硬件結合(he)。本(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)培養的(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)是具有(you)工程技(ji)(ji)術基礎(chu)知(zhi)識和(he)相應的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識，受過電(dian)(dian)(dian)工電(dian)(dian)(dian)子、系統控(kong)制及(ji)計算(suan)機(ji)技(ji)(ji)術方面的(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)(ben)訓練，具有(you)解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程技(ji)(ji)術分析與控(kong)制問題基本(ben)(ben)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，學生能(neng)(neng)夠從事與電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)系統運行(xing)、自動控(kong)制、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)術、信(xin)息(xi)處理、試驗技(ji)(ji)術、研制開發(fa)、經(jing)濟管理以及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子與計算(suan)機(ji)技(ji)(ji)術應用(yong)等領域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)，是寬口徑“復(fu)合(he)型(xing)”高(gao)(gao)級(ji)工程技(ji)(ji)術人才(cai)。本(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)前景對高(gao)(gao)考(kao)(kao)考(kao)(kao)生有(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)吸引力(li)(li)，屬于熱門專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)。目前，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程領域(yu)(yu)面臨(lin)兩(liang)大新的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)：信(xin)息(xi)化、智能(neng)(neng)化將(jiang)成為未(wei)(wei)來(lai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)；[1]新能(neng)(neng)源的(de)(de)(de)廣泛應用(yong)將(jiang)成為未(wei)(wei)來(lai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程領域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)熱點(dian)。這兩(liang)個領域(yu)(yu)對高(gao)(gao)水平人才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)很(hen)大，未(wei)(wei)來(lai)人才(cai)缺口將(jiang)更(geng)加凸顯。

但是(shi)，事實證明并(bing)非每個(ge)學生(sheng)都可以(yi)很好成(cheng)才。隨(sui)著(zhu)新的科學技(ji)術(shu)不斷(duan)涌現以(yi)及社會(hui)需(xu)求不斷(duan)變化，經濟社會(hui)發展、產業轉(zhuan)型升(sheng)級對電氣專業人(ren)才培養帶來了新的影(ying)響與要求。要想(xiang)成(cheng)為專業精(jing)英人(ren)才，需(xu)要在以(yi)下(xia)幾個(ge)方面進行(xing)提升(sheng)：[2]

（1）全面的綜(zong)合素質。需要具有扎實的數學、物理基礎、較強的外(wai)語綜(zong)合能(neng)力，為今后能(neng)夠掌握并(bing)且靈活運(yun)用專業知識做準備。

（2）良好的動手(shou)實(shi)踐能(neng)力。非常重(zhong)視實(shi)驗(yan)、課外科(ke)技競賽、項目研究、生產實(shi)習(xi)(xi)、專業實(shi)習(xi)(xi)等(deng)各種實(shi)踐環節，培養利用所學(xue)知識(shi)解決(jue)實(shi)際問(wen)題的動手(shou)能(neng)力。

（3）強烈的(de)創新(xin)欲(yu)望。積(ji)極參與(yu)學校各種相關課外創新(xin)活動、學科老師(shi)的(de)課題(ti)研究，培養自(zi)己的(de)創新(xin)思(si)維，積(ji)累解決問題(ti)的(de)創新(xin)能(neng)力。

（4）開闊、前沿的(de)知識視野。積(ji)極關(guan)注(zhu)本領域科技(ji)前沿新(xin)技(ji)術、新(xin)設備、新(xin)機(ji)制，選修和自修相關(guan)特色選修課以及交叉課程，開闊自己的(de)視野，了(le)解當今(jin)科技(ji)前沿。

（5）充分考慮(lv)自己的興趣，找到(dao)最適合自己發展(zhan)的方向和方式。

二(er)、國內(nei)外專業發展現(xian)狀及趨勢

1.國外高(gao)校專業發(fa)展現狀

根據調研，一般而言國外名校（如劍橋大學、麻省理工大學、普林斯頓大學、悉(xi)尼大學等）電氣(qi)工程相關專業具(ju)有以下特點：[3，4]

（1）學院、專業和學位(wei)設置：研究(jiu)方向很(hen)寬(kuan)泛， 與(yu)信(xin)息工程(cheng)、計(ji)算機科(ke)學間(jian)交叉滲透程(cheng)度很(hen)高(gao)。

（2）寬口徑的基(ji)礎平臺教(jiao)育。

（3）人才(cai)培(pei)養模式多樣化。

（4）培養目標以教學、科(ke)研(yan)與社會服(fu)務(wu)并(bing)重，更務(wu)實。

（5）專業課程(cheng)教學(xue)具(ju)有(you)(you)以下特點：課程(cheng)分類細、學(xue)時少；實驗學(xue)時多， 重視實踐能力(li)的(de)培(pei)養(yang)；規定教輔(fu)材料， 強(qiang)調(diao)學(xue)生自學(xue)能力(li)的(de)培(pei)養(yang)；注重課堂(tang)練習和輔(fu)導， 根(gen)據課堂(tang)練習或實驗情況(kuang)確定平(ping)時成績；強(qiang)調(diao)實驗規范和各種能力(li)的(de)培(pei)養(yang)；具(ju)有(you)(you)網絡支持， 每門課設置課程(cheng)輔(fu)導員通過網絡上載與課程(cheng)有(you)(you)關材料；強(qiang)調(diao)計(ji)算機(ji)操作和計(ji)算機(ji)應用(yong)能力(li)，強(qiang)調(diao)使用(yong)CAD工(gong)具(ju)。

2.國(guo)內高(gao)校本專業發(fa)展(zhan)現(xian)狀(zhuang)

根據教育部提供的(de)資料，全國1100余(yu)所本(ben)科(ke)高(gao)校中開設有(you)4年制全日制本(ben)科(ke)電氣工(gong)程相關(guan)專業的(de)本(ben)科(ke)學(xue)校有(you)320多(duo)所。根據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)發(fa)展水平和定位，各學(xue)校對(dui)專業人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)培養目標基本(ben)可概括為3個層次(ci)：具有(you)國際視野的(de)高(gao)素質創新人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)和未來行業領導者；寬口徑“復合型”高(gao)級(ji)(ji)工(gong)程技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)和管理人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)；高(gao)級(ji)(ji)應用型工(gong)程技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)。

自2008年開始，教育部(bu)、財政部(bu)分批（1～6批）在全國高等(deng)學校中(zhong)(zhong)立項總共有51所電氣工(gong)程特(te)色專(zhuan)業(ye)建(jian)設(she)點(dian)。專(zhuan)業(ye)排(pai)名靠前或得到教育部(bu)重(zhong)點(dian)建(jian)設(she)的學校中(zhong)(zhong)，主要可分幾種類型：

（1）專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)整體(ti)實(shi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)超強型(xing)。具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)點實(shi)驗(yan)室、一(yi)級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點學(xue)(xue)(xue)科、一(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科博士學(xue)(xue)(xue)位授予權等高水平學(xue)(xue)(xue)科平臺；覆蓋電(dian)(dian)機與(yu)電(dian)(dian)器、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系統及其(qi)自(zi)動(dong)化、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)傳動(dong)、電(dian)(dian)工(gong)理(li)論與(yu)新技術(shu)、高電(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)絕(jue)緣技術(shu)等全(quan)系列(lie)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科方向；列(lie)入國(guo)(guo)(guo)家 “211”和(he)(he)“985”工(gong)程重(zhong)(zhong)點建設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)；其(qi)目(mu)標是培(pei)養(yang)(yang)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)(chuang)新精神和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際視野的(de)高素質創(chuang)(chuang)新人(ren)才(cai)(cai)和(he)(he)行業(ye)(ye)未來領導者；以高層(ceng)次(ci)的(de)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)建設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)和(he)(he)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)成果為(wei)支(zhi)撐(cheng)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)很高的(de)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)質量；非(fei)常重(zhong)(zhong)視學(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)研究(jiu)和(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)新實(shi)踐能力(li)(li)(li)(li)，著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)精英人(ren)才(cai)(cai)，開設(she)系列(lie)研究(jiu)型(xing)和(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)新實(shi)踐課程，設(she)立(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級(ji)(ji)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式創(chuang)(chuang)新實(shi)驗(yan)區，參與(yu)卓越工(gong)程師教育培(pei)養(yang)(yang)計劃。

（2）行(xing)業(ye)或地區(qu)背(bei)景型。如有(you)些高校本(ben)身與電力行(xing)業(ye)、與某行(xing)業(ye)密(mi)切相關。它(ta)們將學(xue)科(ke)建設、專(zhuan)業(ye)教育與地方(fang)緊缺、優勢(shi)行(xing)業(ye)緊密(mi)結合，重點(dian)發展，在科(ke)研項目(mu)、人才培(pei)養、學(xue)生(sheng)就業(ye)等(deng)諸多方(fang)面均(jun)有(you)較(jiao)大的偏向性。

（3）具(ju)有(you)明顯特色(se)(se)方(fang)向(xiang)型。如西(xi)(xi)安交通大學的(de)高壓(ya)絕緣方(fang)向(xiang)、西(xi)(xi)南(nan)交通大學的(de)電氣化鐵(tie)路(lu)方(fang)向(xiang)、合肥工業大學的(de)太陽(yang)能應用方(fang)向(xiang)等在(zai)課(ke)程設(she)置、專(zhuan)業教(jiao)育、人才培養等多方(fang)面緊密(mi)結合其特色(se)(se)方(fang)向(xiang)，形成獨特的(de)特色(se)(se)和優(you)勢方(fang)向(xiang)。

三、浙江省屬高校(xiao)電氣(qi)專業發展策略探索

1.省屬高校專業發展(zhan)現(xian)狀

經調(diao)查統(tong)計(ji)，除浙江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)外，目(mu)前設(she)(she)置有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)(ji)其自(zi)動(dong)化（或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)與自(zi)動(dong)化）專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的浙江(jiang)(jiang)省內高校(xiao)共有(you)10余所(suo)。根(gen)據(ju)2009年(nian)公(gong)布的《浙江(jiang)(jiang)省已有(you)本科(ke)(ke)(ke)重點專(zhuan)(zhuan)業及(ji)(ji)國家(jia)特(te)色專(zhuan)(zhuan)業學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業分(fen)布情(qing)況表》及(ji)(ji)《浙江(jiang)(jiang)省本科(ke)(ke)(ke)重點專(zhuan)(zhuan)業建(jian)設(she)(she)項目(mu)立項名單(dan)》，截至2009年(nian)浙江(jiang)(jiang)省屬高校(xiao)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)相關專(zhuan)(zhuan)業為浙江(jiang)(jiang)省重點（建(jian)設(she)(she)）專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的共有(you)4所(suo)，分(fen)別是寧(ning)波大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、杭(hang)州電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、嘉興學(xue)(xue)(xue)院和(he)浙江(jiang)(jiang)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院。其中(zhong)，寧(ning)波大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、嘉興學(xue)(xue)(xue)院和(he)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院重點方向基本為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)傳動(dong)控制、工(gong)業自(zi)動(dong)化、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)裝備(bei)及(ji)(ji)其自(zi)動(dong)化、檢測和(he)智能(neng)儀(yi)器(qi)等(deng)，基本不涉及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)領域，尚無強勢(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研項目(mu)支撐。杭(hang)州電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)設(she)(she)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)與自(zi)動(dong)化、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)信(xin)息工(gong)程(cheng)兩個相關專(zhuan)(zhuan)業，專(zhuan)(zhuan)業課程(cheng)設(she)(she)置覆蓋面較全，包括一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)動(dong)化、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)及(ji)(ji)其自(zi)動(dong)化、新能(neng)源技(ji)術等(deng)多領域。

筆者任職的浙(zhe)江(jiang)工業大學(xue)是浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)首個獲(huo)批省(sheng)(sheng)部共建的省(sheng)(sheng)屬重點高(gao)校，雖然電(dian)氣專業發展較(jiao)晚(wan)（始建于2000年），但由(you)于學(xue)校大力支(zhi)持、教(jiao)師團隊發奮圖強及突出的生源質量，近(jin)年來取(qu)得了快速的發展。目前(qian)，已(yi)(yi)成(cheng)功獲(huo)批“電(dian)力電(dian)子與電(dian)力傳動”浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)重點學(xue)科，并成(cheng)為全校具有“三位(wei)一體”自主招(zhao)生資格的少(shao)數專業之(zhi)一，已(yi)(yi)在浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)屬院校同類專業中處于領先地位(wei)，得到社會的廣(guang)泛認可和良好評(ping)價。

2.專業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)存在問(wen)題和差(cha)距(ju)

通過(guo)與國內(nei)外電氣相關(guan)專(zhuan)業名牌高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)多(duo)方(fang)面(mian)詳細調研(yan)分(fen)析，可以發現浙(zhe)江(jiang)省省屬高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)電氣專(zhuan)業存在(zai)的一(yi)些(xie)問(wen)題和差距：

（1）除浙江大學(xue)外，浙江省省屬高校電氣專業(ye)的整(zheng)體實力與國外內超(chao)強型(xing)學(xue)校對比(bi)，在師資力量、學(xue)科支撐、教(jiao)學(xue)平臺、就(jiu)業(ye)質量等多方面均有很大的差距。

（2）大部分高校(xiao)電氣專業(ye)成立時間較晚，在(zai)很多方面均(jun)處于較落后(hou)位置，亟待學校(xiao)在(zai)專業(ye)建設(she)(she)、學科建設(she)(she)，特(te)別是平臺建設(she)(she)上進(jin)一步(bu)進(jin)行大力(li)建設(she)(she)。

（3）即使是已獲批(pi)省重點（建設）專業(ye)的(de)幾(ji)所院校(xiao)，也大(da)部(bu)分歸因(yin)于建設較早、學校(xiao)重點發展、行業(ye)特點等因(yin)素，整體實(shi)際實(shi)力并不高。

（4）近年，國家電網等優質(zhi)用人單位對招聘對象進行了嚴格限制，規定(ding)(ding)原則(ze)上只招收(shou)985、211工程院(yuan)校(xiao)電工類專業畢業生，對省屬高校(xiao)（即使省部共建）優秀(xiu)學(xue)生的就業選擇帶來一定(ding)(ding)影(ying)響。

3.專業未來發展策略(lve)

浙(zhe)江省是電氣行業(ye)(ye)傳統強省，具有龐(pang)大(da)、完善的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈，擁有眾多知名電氣企業(ye)(ye)。隨著國(guo)家(jia)向(xiang)七大(da)新興產(chan)業(ye)(ye)轉型，新能源(yuan)(yuan)以及智(zhi)能電網技術得到了(le)國(guo)家(jia)的大(da)力扶持，被人們高度重(zhong)視(shi)并(bing)得到快速(su)發展，是電氣行業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)域今后重(zhong)點發展的方(fang)向(xiang)。浙(zhe)江省在信息化、新能源(yuan)(yuan)、海洋經濟等產(chan)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)域具有得天獨厚(hou)的優勢(shi)和(he)(he)扎實的基礎(chu)。

《浙(zhe)(zhe)江省(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)廳關于“十(shi)二(er)五”期間全(quan)面(mian)提(ti)高本(ben)科高校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)學質量的實施意見(jian)》明(ming)確提(ti)出(chu)要(yao)(yao)根據浙(zhe)(zhe)江省(sheng)產業集群(qun)發(fa)展需要(yao)(yao)，對于戰略(lve)性新(xin)(xin)興產業相關的急需緊(jin)(jin)缺專(zhuan)(zhuan)業要(yao)(yao)大力(li)培(pei)育(yu)和建設300個(ge)省(sheng)級新(xin)(xin)興特(te)色(se)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業，新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)產業名列其(qi)中。因(yin)此，浙(zhe)(zhe)江省(sheng)屬高校(xiao)電氣(qi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業未來發(fa)展策略(lve)應該是在(zai)鞏(gong)固原有傳(chuan)統電氣(qi)控制領(ling)域教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的基礎上積極響應電氣(qi)行業在(zai)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)、智能(neng)電網等新(xin)(xin)的發(fa)展趨勢(shi)，緊(jin)(jin)密聯系浙(zhe)(zhe)江省(sheng)的經(jing)濟特(te)色(se)和產業集群(qun)，根據各學校(xiao)本(ben)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的發(fa)展情況和歷史傳(chuan)承，調(diao)整和規劃專(zhuan)(zhuan)業內涵，凝練并努力(li)建設特(te)色(se)新(xin)(xin)興方向。

4.示例：浙江工業大(da)學

作(zuo)為(wei)浙(zhe)江省省部共(gong)建的排頭兵(bing)，浙(zhe)江工(gong)(gong)業(ye)大學電氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程及其自動化專業(ye)密切結合(he)行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢和社(she)會(hui)重大需求，瞄準新能源(yuan)(yuan)應用、智(zhi)能電網(wang)等非(fei)常(chang)具(ju)有產(chan)業(ye)前景(jing)的新興(xing)技術，大力培(pei)育和建設“新能源(yuan)(yuan)與智(zhi)能電網(wang)”這一新形勢下(xia)的新興(xing)特色方向，并將以此作(zuo)為(wei)我校本專業(ye)進一步快速發(fa)展(zhan)的突(tu)破口和發(fa)展(zhan)策略。

目前，學(xue)(xue)校已(yi)經(jing)從學(xue)(xue)科支撐、教師培(pei)養、課程設(she)置、實驗(yan)室建(jian)設(she)、就業引導等多個(ge)方面(mian)展開(kai)了方向(xiang)培(pei)育和建(jian)設(she)，并已(yi)經(jing)在(zai)以(yi)下幾個(ge)方面(mian)形成明(ming)顯的優(you)勢：

（1）課(ke)程設(she)置：專業課(ke)程結構體系中已構建適(shi)應新能源與智能電網方向的(de)豐富的(de)課(ke)程群體系。

（2）突出的學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)支撐：專業已成功獲批“電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)與電(dian)(dian)力(li)傳動”浙(zhe)江省重點學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)，并繼續依托信息處理(li)和自動化技術(shu)省“重中之(zhi)重”強勢學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)，擁有強大的師(shi)資力(li)量，非常有利于智能電(dian)(dian)網對電(dian)(dian)氣工程、信息工程、計算機科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)等多學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)之(zhi)間(jian)緊密交叉滲透的內在需求(qiu)。

（3）特(te)色方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)教(jiao)師(shi)隊伍：新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源及智能(neng)(neng)電網(wang)是本專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)的強勢(shi)研(yan)究領域，并且組建了(le)“智能(neng)(neng)電網(wang)”創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)團(tuan)隊。目前已在太陽能(neng)(neng)應用理論及產品開發(fa)、智能(neng)(neng)微電網(wang)、電動汽(qi)車V2G技術(shu)、電能(neng)(neng)質量智能(neng)(neng)監測、新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電系統及節能(neng)(neng)控制設備研(yan)制等(deng)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)形成了(le)具有鮮明特(te)色的教(jiao)研(yan)梯隊。近年來，專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)已在新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源與智能(neng)(neng)電網(wang)領域取得了(le)突出(chu)的學術(shu)成果。

（4）實(shi)驗(yan)室建(jian)設：目前，學校在原有整套電力系統自動化實(shi)驗(yan)室基礎上另投資(zi)100多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)建(jian)設較大規模的含多(duo)種分(fen)布(bu)式發電電源(yuan)，集(ji)測量、分(fen)析、控(kong)制、保護為一體的智能微電網(wang)實(shi)驗(yan)室，兼顧該方向(xiang)的研(yan)究和教學實(shi)驗(yan)。

四、結論

為(wei)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)電氣(qi)學(xue)科和行業(ye)(ye)中信息化、新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)廣泛(fan)應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)未(wei)來(lai)發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢，培養出適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)社(she)會(hui)需求、綜合能(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)高(gao)層次專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才，各高(gao)校需根據(ju)其(qi)發展(zhan)層次和水(shui)平、服務(wu)行業(ye)(ye)和區域各異(yi)進(jin)(jin)行科學(xue)合理的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)規劃(hua)，量(liang)身定制發展(zhan)策(ce)略(lve)。本文首先對電氣(qi)工程專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)概(gai)況、學(xue)科發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢及專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才的(de)(de)成長規律(lv)進(jin)(jin)行分(fen)析，接著對國外高(gao)校電氣(qi)工程相(xiang)關專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)主要特點進(jin)(jin)行總結，并將(jiang)國內(nei)電氣(qi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)水(shui)平較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)高(gao)校歸(gui)納為(wei)3大類：專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)整體(ti)實力超強(qiang)(qiang)型、行業(ye)(ye)或地區背景型、具(ju)有(you)明顯(xian)特色方向(xiang)型。以(yi)此為(wei)基礎，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步對浙(zhe)江省屬高(gao)校電氣(qi)相(xiang)關專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)進(jin)(jin)行了認真的(de)(de)現狀(zhuang)分(fen)析，找(zhao)出其(qi)問題和差距，提出“鞏固(gu)原有(you)傳統優勢，明確(que)學(xue)科未(wei)來(lai)發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢，緊密結合浙(zhe)江經濟特色，積極調整和規劃(hua)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)涵，凝練(lian)并努力建設特色新(xin)興方向(xiang)”的(de)(de)發展(zhan)策(ce)略(lve)，并以(yi)浙(zhe)江工業(ye)(ye)大學(xue)為(wei)例進(jin)(jin)行該策(ce)略(lve)的(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)闡(chan)述。

參考文獻：

[1]周(zhou)渝慧，王(wang)立德，朱潔琳.電氣(qi)信息化(hua)將成為未來(lai)電氣(qi)工程專(zhuan)(zhuan)業發展(zhan)趨勢[A].第六(liu)屆全國(guo)高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)校電氣(qi)工程及其(qi)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業教學(xue)改(gai)革研討會論文(wen)集(ji)《下冊(ce)》[C].2009：930-932.

[2]薛毓強.電(dian)(dian)氣工程及其(qi)自動化專(zhuan)業建設與人才培養模式探(tan)索[J].中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)力教育，2012，（9）：54-58.

篇3

關鍵詞：電(dian)氣工程及其自動化 專業 簡介(jie) 發展

中圖(tu)分(fen)類號： F407 文獻標(biao)識碼： A

正是因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)發展，才(cai)有今(jin)天龐大的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)工業，人類(lei)才(cai)不(bu)可逆轉地進入偉(wei)大的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化時(shi)代。人類(lei)發展到(dao)任何時(shi)候也離不(bu)開(kai)能源，而能源是人類(lei)永恒的(de)(de)(de)研究對象(xiang)(xiang)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)能是利用最為(wei)方便(bian)的(de)(de)(de)能源形式，以電(dian)(dian)(dian)能為(wei)研究對象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)及其自(zi)動化專業有著十分強(qiang)大的(de)(de)(de)生命力(li)。

一、專業內容介紹

電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程及(ji)其(qi)(qi)自動化(hua)涉及(ji)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術(shu)、計算機技(ji)術(shu)、電(dian)(dian)機電(dian)(dian)器技(ji)術(shu)信息與(yu)網絡(luo)控制技(ji)術(shu)、機電(dian)(dian)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)技(ji)術(shu)等諸多(duo)領域，是一(yi)門綜合性(xing)較強(qiang)的(de)學科。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程及(ji)其(qi)(qi)自動化(hua)的(de)專(zhuan)業范圍主要包括電(dian)(dian)工基礎理論(lun)、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)裝備制造和(he)應用、電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統運(yun)行(xing)和(he)控制三(san)個部分。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程及(ji)其(qi)(qi)自動化(hua)專(zhuan)業的(de)基礎性(xing)也決(jue)定(ding)了它具有很(hen)強(qiang)的(de)學科交(jiao)叉(cha)和(he)融合能力(li)。

培養要(yao)求：該(gai)專業培養能夠從事與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)有關(guan)的(de)系統(tong)運行、自(zi)動控(kong)制(zhi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術(shu)(shu)、信(xin)息處理、試驗(yan)分(fen)析、研制(zhi)開發、經濟管理以及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)與(yu)(yu)計(ji)(ji)算機技術(shu)(shu)應(ying)(ying)用等領域的(de)“高(gao)素(su)質、強能力、應(ying)(ying)用型”高(gao)級工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)(shu)人才。學(xue)生(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)學(xue)習電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術(shu)(shu)、信(xin)息控(kong)制(zhi)、計(ji)(ji)算機技術(shu)(shu)等方(fang)面(mian)較寬廣的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)(shu)基(ji)(ji)礎和一定的(de)專業知識。本(ben)(ben)專業主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)點是(shi)強弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)合、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術(shu)(shu)相結(jie)合、軟件與(yu)(yu)硬件結(jie)合、元件與(yu)(yu)系統(tong)結(jie)合，學(xue)生(sheng)受到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)、信(xin)息控(kong)制(zhi)及計(ji)(ji)算機技術(shu)(shu)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)訓練(lian)，具有解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)(shu)分(fen)析與(yu)(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)技術(shu)(shu)問題的(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)能力。

主干(gan)學科：電氣工程、計算機科學與技術、控(kong)制科學與工程。

主要課程：電(dian)路原理(li)、電(dian)子技術基(ji)礎(chu)、電(dian)機(ji)(ji)學、電(dian)力電(dian)子技術、電(dian)力拖動(dong)與控制、計算機(ji)(ji)技術（語言(yan)、軟(ruan)件(jian)基(ji)礎(chu)、硬件(jian)基(ji)礎(chu)、單片機(ji)(ji)等）、信號與系(xi)統、控制理(li)論(lun)等。

電氣工程一般分為電力系統和應用電子（也(ye)就是電力電子）。

二、專業發展前景

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)、交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通運輸、國(guo)(guo)防及(ji)(ji)(ji)人民生活(huo)等各領域(yu)(yu)，與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、計(ji)(ji)算機(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、信(xin)息與(yu)通信(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、環境科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、生物醫學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)滲透，拓寬(kuan)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內涵與(yu)外延。隨著科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)結(jie)構、研究領域(yu)(yu)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)領域(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生了(le)(le)很(hen)大(da)變化(hua)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)愈來愈多地應用(yong)信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、計(ji)(ji)算機(ji)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、通信(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)專業(ye)(ye)內涵也(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)演變為(wei)(wei)(wei)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)合(he)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)結(jie)合(he)、軟件和(he)(he)硬件結(jie)合(he)、元件和(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)統結(jie)合(he)。例如(ru)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)”和(he)(he)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”以及(ji)(ji)(ji)“控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)(rong)合(he)產(chan)(chan)生了(le)(le)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”； “電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)”與(yu)“材(cai)料(liao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)(rong)合(he)產(chan)(chan)生了(le)(le)“超導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”和(he)(he)“納米電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”； “ 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)”與(yu)“機(ji)械工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)”及(ji)(ji)(ji)“計(ji)(ji)算機(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)” 的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)(rong)合(he)產(chan)(chan)生了(le)(le)“機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)”新(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，已形成(cheng)了(le)(le)以“機(ji)械”為(wei)(wei)(wei)主體(ti)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)計(ji)(ji)算機(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)核(he)心、“機(ji)械+電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)+計(ji)(ji)算機(ji)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)融(rong)(rong)合(he)，“機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)”技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實(shi)際上就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高度發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個階段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然產(chan)(chan)物，它是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)領域(yu)(yu)中機(ji)械技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有機(ji)結(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)高新(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，也(ye)可以說(shuo)隸屬(shu)于(yu)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)范(fan)疇。隨著科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)民經濟中重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)資料(liao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)人民生活(huo)中必(bi)不可少的(de)(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)資料(liao)。當(dang)今，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高使得(de)各種(zhong)經濟活(huo)動(dong)(dong)都離不開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（用(yong)油的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)除外），我國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)占(zhan)終端能(neng)源消(xiao)費的(de)(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)已接近20%，高于(yu)世界平(ping)均(jun)水平(ping)。我國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)水平(ping)也(ye)決定(ding)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)數據具(ju)有大(da)范(fan)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)覆蓋性(xing)。有專家表示，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方向(xiang)(xiang)是(shi)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統，或者(zhe)是(shi)堅(jian)強(qiang)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網或者(zhe)是(shi)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網。智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)價(jia)值特征的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)有效(xiao)途徑，也(ye)是(shi)現代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方向(xiang)(xiang)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統能(neng)夠確保更(geng)安全、更(geng)經濟、更(geng)綠色、更(geng)和(he)(he)諧，同時智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)一(yi)個廣義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)堅(jian)強(qiang)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，能(neng)夠有效(xiao)地破(po)解未來發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰。

三、專(zhuan)業應用與就(jiu)業方向

電氣(qi)工程(cheng)及其(qi)自動(dong)化(hua)的幾個方向：

1.電力系統方向

電(dian)(dian)力系統專業方(fang)向是電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)及其(qi)自動(dong)化專業中最具有優勢和特(te)色的(de)(de)專業方(fang)向，為(wei)(wei)國家級(ji)一(yi)(yi)類特(te)色專業的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組成部分，主要培養從事高壓電(dian)(dian)器(qi)設備設計、制造和運(yun)行維護等方(fang)面的(de)(de)高級(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術人才。該(gai)專業方(fang)向依托電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)博士(shi)(shi)學(xue)位(wei)授(shou)權(quan)學(xue)科和博士(shi)(shi)后科研流動(dong)站，覆(fu)蓋了(le)高電(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)絕緣(yuan)技(ji)(ji)術和電(dian)(dian)介質工(gong)程(cheng)2個(ge)二級(ji)博士(shi)(shi)、碩士(shi)(shi)學(xue)位(wei)授(shou)權(quan)學(xue)科，電(dian)(dian)力系統為(wei)(wei)國家級(ji)重(zhong)點學(xue)科。同時，該(gai)專業方(fang)向設置高電(dian)(dian)壓絕緣(yuan)技(ji)(ji)術和電(dian)(dian)氣絕緣(yuan)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)纜兩個(ge)專業模塊(kuai)。

就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)方向：可在(zai)(zai)電力設(she)備(bei)制造行業(ye)從事(shi)(shi)高(gao)電壓設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)、開發、生產(chan)和管(guan)(guan)理(li)等工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，可在(zai)(zai)電力系統從事(shi)(shi)高(gao)壓設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)運行維護方面的(de)(de)技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和管(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)于(yu)電業(ye)局、供電局、發電廠(chang)，也可在(zai)(zai)科研(yan)院所從事(shi)(shi)教學和科研(yan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

2.電氣技術方向

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技(ji)術(shu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程及(ji)其自動化專業(ye)的(de)一個方向。該專業(ye)是重點專業(ye)，具有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程一級學(xue)(xue)位(wei)博士學(xue)(xue)位(wei)授予權，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程領域擁有博士后流(liu)動站，在高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與絕緣(yuan)技(ji)術(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)信息處理學(xue)(xue)科具有工學(xue)(xue)碩士授予權。

就業方向：電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)技術(shu)方向主要培養電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)測量(liang)與控制技術(shu)方面的高(gao)級電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)人才，從事(shi)電(dian)參量(liang)和磁參信(xin)息獲取與處理(li)(li)技術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究工(gong)作，以及電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)技術(shu)自動化控制領域的裝(zhuang)置與系統的設(she)計(ji)開發與應用研(yan)(yan)究工(gong)作。學位獲得后(hou)，可在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)領域的企業、承(cheng)擔理(li)(li)論研(yan)(yan)究、技術(shu)開發、運行管理(li)(li)等技術(shu)工(gong)作，也可以在(zai)研(yan)(yan)究機構和高(gao)等學校從事(shi)研(yan)(yan)究與教(jiao)學工(gong)作。

3.電機與電氣(qi)方向(xiang)

電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣學科在(zai)一體化電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)論與技(ji)術(shu)方(fang)面(mian)，主要研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、無(wu)刷直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、感(gan)應同步(bu)器等。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)子驅動(dong)技(ji)術(shu)方(fang)面(mian)，研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車、電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)系統的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)與控制策略，變頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)源諧波抑(yi)制技(ji)術(shu)。在(zai)高環境、高可靠電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)器方(fang)面(mian)，研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了高環境電(dian)(dian)(dian)器可靠性(xing)理(li)論與技(ji)術(shu)航天電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)理(li)論與技(ji)術(shu)、衛星姿控用飛輪的(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)設計。在(zai)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)論與應用方(fang)面(mian)，研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、磁(ci)(ci)性(xing)流體密封、旋轉軸的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)線平衡、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)成型技(ji)術(shu)。其中在(zai)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和無(wu)刷直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)及航天電(dian)(dian)(dian)器方(fang)面(mian)具有較大的(de)(de)(de)影響。

就業方向：可(ke)在電力、電子(zi)、通信、機械、交通、建筑等行業從事(shi)電子(zi)領域(yu)的研(yan)究、設計、開發、運行及管理等工作(zuo)，也(ye)可(ke)以在研(yan)究機構和高(gao)等學校從事(shi)研(yan)究與教(jiao)學工作(zuo)。

4.應用(yong)電子技術方向

應(ying)用電(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術方向是電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)及其(qi)自動化(hua)專業的一個(ge)特色專業方向，特點(dian)是電(dian)(dian)氣與電(dian)(dian)子(zi)兼備，電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子(zi)與信息電(dian)(dian)子(zi)相融(rong)。培養(yang)從事電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術、電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術、自動控制(zhi)、信號變換與處(chu)理等方面(mian)工(gong)作的寬口徑、復合型高級工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)術人(ren)才。

就業(ye)方向：可(ke)(ke)在(zai)電(dian)力、電(dian)子、通(tong)(tong)信(xin)、機械、交通(tong)(tong)、建筑等行(xing)業(ye)從事應(ying)用電(dian)子技術領(ling)域的研究(jiu)、設計、開發、運(yun)行(xing)及管理等工作，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)在(zai)研究(jiu)機構(gou)和(he)高等學校從事研究(jiu)與教學工作。

結束語

總(zong)之，隨著我(wo)國(guo)經(jing)濟的飛速發展，計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)科學與技術也在(zai)不斷(duan)進步，通過計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)軟(ruan)硬件控制，實(shi)現電氣化(hua)已成為現實(shi)。計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)模擬操作，更為現實(shi)電力系統運行狀(zhuang)況提供了方便快捷的監視和判斷(duan)功能(neng)。PC和網(wang)絡技術已經(jing)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商管(guan)理中(zhong)得到普及(ji)。在(zai)電氣自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)領域(yu)，基于(yu)(yu)PC的人機(ji)界面普遍被采用，并(bing)以其直觀性(xing)(xing)、靈活性(xing)(xing)和易(yi)于(yu)(yu)集成等特(te)點備(bei)受用戶青睞。選擇了電氣工(gong)(gong)(gong)程及(ji)其自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)專業，就應(ying)該立志成為一位優秀的電氣工(gong)(gong)(gong)程人才(cai)，讓我(wo)國(guo)的電力工(gong)(gong)(gong)業不落后于(yu)(yu)國(guo)際先進水平，推動(dong)社會主義現代工(gong)(gong)(gong)業化(hua)進程。

參考文獻 ：

[1]巫云飛(fei),陳小松.探討電氣(qi)(qi)的(de)自動(dong)化在電氣(qi)(qi)工程中(zhong)的(de)融合運用[J].大觀周刊,2011(38)

[2]張禮(li)崇，郜祥，王焱，李興(xing)。電氣自動化(hua)工程控制系統的現狀(zhuang)及其發(fa)展趨(qu)勢［J］。技術(shu)與(yu)市場，2012，（1）．

[3]朱仲海.分析(xi)電(dian)氣工程及其自動化的建設與發展[J].城(cheng)市建設理論研究，2012.（12）.

篇4

【關(guan)鍵詞】住房；電氣(qi)工程；發展

但是隨(sui)著科技(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)已經(jing)涵蓋了(le)所有(you)包(bao)括電(dian)(dian)子(zi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)有(you)工(gong)程(cheng)學科。住(zhu)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)，和實際施工(gong)緊密聯系，其(qi)應用的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)工(gong)藝新(xin)設備新(xin)技(ji)術都可以提(ti)升住(zhu)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計方面，施工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檔次，還能(neng)提(ti)高居住(zhu)生活(huo)質量，達到(dao)健康居住(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。住(zhu)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)，也就(jiu)包(bao)括了(le)所有(you)我(wo)們(men)日(ri)常生活(huo)中所用到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)跟電(dian)(dian)有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)設施。比如有(you)照(zhao)明用電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計，也就(jiu)是我(wo)們(men)所說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)點光(guang)(guang)(guang)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇，我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客廳，臥室，廚(chu)房，衛生間等都要保證光(guang)(guang)(guang)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯色性適(shi)度(du)，亮度(du)分布(bu)合理，眩光(guang)(guang)(guang)少，還有(you)視覺要舒適(shi)等要求，而(er)且還要盡(jin)可能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)節能(neng)。

1 我國住宅電(dian)氣工程(cheng)的發展(zhan)

電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)在(zai)我(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)可(ke)謂(wei)是(shi)突(tu)飛(fei)猛進的(de)(de)(de)。它不(bu)僅作為一(yi)(yi)門學(xue)科在(zai)我(wo)國多個高等學(xue)府設為專業，而且在(zai)在(zai)所有住(zhu)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)興建起(qi)到(dao)至關重要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)住(zhu)宅(zhai)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設計(ji)(ji)過于(yu)簡陋。不(bu)夠精致精準。設計(ji)(ji)理念單(dan)一(yi)(yi)，不(bu)夠創新(xin)大膽(dan)，而且既耗時(shi)(shi)又耗能，以(yi)無(wu)法跟上(shang)社會發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)步伐(fa)。但是(shi)隨著人們對住(zhu)宅(zhai)實用(yong)(yong)性和環境的(de)(de)(de)要求，現今的(de)(de)(de)住(zhu)宅(zhai)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)已經不(bu)同于(yu)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。不(bu)僅設計(ji)(ji)理念創新(xin)，而且趨(qu)向智能化，科技含量增加。由于(yu)全球對環境保護的(de)(de)(de)呼聲漸(jian)高，住(zhu)宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設計(ji)(ji)也要求在(zai)給(gei)大家提供(gong)更好的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件和享受的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)，越(yue)節能越(yue)好。

我們(men)(men)首先(xian)關(guan)注的(de)(de)(de)就是智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)住宅(zhai)電氣工(gong)程設(she)計(ji)了。什么是智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)呢?智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)住宅(zhai)是指在(zai)外部(bu)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持(chi)下，利用戶內網絡系統(tong)和設(she)施，實現生(sheng)活(huo)設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)控制(zhi)，且具(ju)有現代化(hua)信息等(deng)多種(zhong)服務功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)住宅(zhai)。智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)住宅(zhai)電氣工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)為(wei)我們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)帶來了數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)環境。首先(xian)我們(men)(men)了解一(yi)下住宅(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)電氣工(gong)程都包括哪些(xie)方面：

1.1 配電系統

我們所說的(de)配電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)配電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓采用220／380V。且每個(ge)住(zhu)宅單元設(she)計宅配電(dian)(dian)總箱樓(lou)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)表(biao)箱和住(zhu)戶(hu)配電(dian)(dian)箱，樓(lou)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)表(biao)箱與住(zhu)戶(hu)配電(dian)(dian)箱應非(fei)開設(she)置。實(shi)行一戶(hu)一表(biao)，分層(ceng)安裝，也可以根據實(shi)際情況，適當集(ji)中安裝。公用走廊，樓(lou)梯間的(de)照明符合應單獨(du)設(she)公用電(dian)(dian)表(biao)計量。

1.2 智能化住(zhu)宅的照明設計

智能(neng)住宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)是信息時(shi)代的(de)(de)必(bi)然產物,是隨著智能(neng)化技(ji)術的(de)(de)發(fa)展，社會(hui)的(de)(de)進步，人們(men)需(xu)要不斷增長，完(wan)善，發(fa)展形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de),它包含(han)了(le)設(she)備(bei)物理建(jian)筑環境又(you)包含(han)了(le)管理和(he)服務等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)(de)軟環境。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)不同功能(neng)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)發(fa)展形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)智能(neng)住宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)小區管理網(wang)絡。首先(xian)考慮(lv)的(de)(de)是智能(neng)化住宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)度(du)(du)(du)(du)標準、光(guang)(guang)(guang)源和(he)燈(deng)具(ju)。盡量采用(yong)節(jie)能(neng)交(jiao)過顯著的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)源，比(bi)如緊湊型熒光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)，喚醒熒光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)和(he)直管熒光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)等(deng)。照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)燈(deng)具(ju)也應(ying)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)各房間(jian)功能(neng)及(ji)特殊視覺作(zuo)業的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，選(xuan)用(yong)空光(guang)(guang)(guang)性能(neng)合理，光(guang)(guang)(guang)效高，配光(guang)(guang)(guang)特性穩定，反射及(ji)投射系數高的(de)(de)節(jie)能(neng)燈(deng)具(ju)。其次(ci)我(wo)(wo)們(men)考慮(lv)各功能(neng)房間(jian)對照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)基本要求(qiu)比(bi)如客(ke)廳起(qi)居室，是按照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)一般的(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)基礎上設(she)置輔助照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)或(huo)重點照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)。再比(bi)如餐(can)廳，我(wo)(wo)們(men)可以在(zai)餐(can)桌上的(de)(de)正(zheng)上方(fang)安裝吸頂燈(deng)，或(huo)者采用(yong)吊燈(deng)或(huo)升降式燈(deng)具(ju)。照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)二檔就好，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)自家人和(he)有(you)客(ke)人時(shi)不同的(de)(de)亮度(du)(du)(du)(du)采用(yong)高顯色性能(neng)的(de)(de)白熾(chi)燈(deng)。除了(le)客(ke)廳和(he)餐(can)廳，我(wo)(wo)們(men)還有(you)廚房和(he)衛生間(jian)，浴室不同的(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)需(xu)要。

最后還有我們的(de)公共走廊，樓(lou)梯間對(dui)照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)的(de)需(xu)求。如多層住(zhu)宅共用(yong)(yong)走廊樓(lou)梯間可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)吸頂燈或(huo)者壁燈，控(kong)(kong)制式可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)帶指示燈兩地延(yan)時控(kong)(kong)制開關(guan)，紅外探測控(kong)(kong)制開關(guan)，聲光控(kong)(kong)延(yan)時開關(guan)及其他節(jie)能自熄開關(guan)等(deng)等(deng)。若是(shi)高層住(zhu)宅樓(lou)梯間，防煙(yan)樓(lou)梯前室(shi)(shi)，消防電梯間及其前室(shi)(shi)等(deng)，都(dou)要(yao)設(she)置應急照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)。應急照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)正常供電可(ke)接照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)配電箱的(de)專用(yong)(yong)回路，還有高層住(zhu)宅的(de)疏散通道和(he)安全出(chu)口都(dou)要(yao)設(she)置疏散指示標志等(deng)。

1.3 接地面與電(dian)氣安(an)全

首先就(jiu)是接(jie)地(di)(di)與總等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)聯(lian)(lian)結(jie)。等位(wei)(wei)聯(lian)(lian)結(jie)對用電(dian)(dian)(dian)安全防(fang)雷以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備(bei)的(de)(de)正常工作(zuo)和(he)安全使(shi)用都是十分重要的(de)(de)，接(jie)地(di)(di)時(shi)大范圍的(de)(de)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)聯(lian)(lian)結(jie)，安全接(jie)地(di)(di)也是等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)聯(lian)(lian)結(jie)，它不(bu)(bu)過以(yi)大地(di)(di)單位(wei)(wei)為參考(kao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)大范圍的(de)(de)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)聯(lian)(lian)結(jie)。在一(yi)般概(gai)念中(zhong)接(jie)地(di)(di)只是接(jie)大地(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)接(jie)大地(di)(di)就(jiu)是違反了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣安全的(de)(de)基本(ben)要求，這一(yi)概(gai)念是局限的(de)(de)。其次建筑內部的(de)(de)低(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統應(ying)該采用TN-C-S接(jie)地(di)(di)系統，此(ci)外還有漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)和(he)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)設置(zhi)。住戶(hu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)分支(zhi)回路除壁掛式(shi)分體空離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源插座外，其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)源插座通路均應(ying)設置(zhi)30mA瞬時(shi)動(dong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)。重要弱點設施接(jie)口處應(ying)設置(zhi)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)。

漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)用。漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)：漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)就(jiu)是具有斷(duan)(duan)路及漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)過載保護(hu)(hu)(hu)功能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。還有漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)繼電(dian)器(qi)，漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)插座的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用。智能化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)設計(ji)。在我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生活中也起(qi)著至關重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。例如(ru)我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)防范系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，門禁系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，保護(hu)(hu)(hu)我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)私人空間(jian)不用擔(dan)心入室搶劫盜(dao)竊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)威(wei)脅，再如(ru)紅外線報警(jing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，用于窗(chuang)口(kou)和陽(yang)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防范。又有防盜(dao)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，這(zhe)一(yi)體系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)措施(shi)。保護(hu)(hu)(hu)我(wo)(wo)們(men)人身安全(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還有可燃性氣(qi)體泄漏(lou)(lou)(lou)報警(jing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，緊急呼(hu)救系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，水電(dian)氣(qi)遠程(cheng)自抄系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等。而且，家電(dian)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動化控制，通(tong)信系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發達，也為(wei)我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生活提供(gong)了便利。

在(zai)中國住宅(zhai)的(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)的(de)(de)智能化(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)過程(cheng)中，也同其它(ta)一(yi)些發展(zhan)(zhan)同樣，都會存在(zai)一(yi)些不(bu)足。如(ru)開關插座(zuo)選擇及布(bu)置有些地方不(bu)合(he)理，燈具的(de)(de)選擇和布(bu)置的(de)(de)不(bu)合(he)理，有些照明質量不(bu)高，防雷(lei)，接地的(de)(de)設施不(bu)合(he)理等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)，這些問題(ti)都影響了(le)智能化(hua)電(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)設計的(de)(de)精準性，也可(ke)能為住宅(zhai)安全帶來隱患(huan)。但隨著科技的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)，這些住宅(zhai)電(dian)氣(qi)工程(cheng)存在(zai)的(de)(de)問題(ti)一(yi)定(ding)會被(bei)解決并且完善的(de)(de)。

2 結論

我(wo)們在這里(li)分析的(de)(de)(de)(de)住宅(zhai)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，是(shi)對我(wo)國住宅(zhai)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)簡要(yao)探討(tao)。電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)程作為(wei)日漸凸顯其重要(yao)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)一門學科，還需要(yao)更(geng)多更(geng)完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術和(he)創意。人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活離不開衣、食、住、行四(si)個(ge)方(fang)面，又以住為(wei)根(gen)本生(sheng)活。有(you)(you)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)就有(you)(you)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)感覺。所以對于住房(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)也不僅是(shi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)便利，面積合適，還要(yao)求(qiu)體現人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活態度和(he)個(ge)性，并兼(jian)具經濟合理，功能齊全(quan)和(he)安全(quan)可靠等特點。所以，電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展會帶領(ling)人(ren)們走入一個(ge)日異月新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)住房(fang)新(xin)時代。

參考文獻

篇5

基金(jin)項(xiang)目：本文(wen)系2011年溫州大學教改(gai)項(xiang)目（項(xiang)目編號：11jg47B）的研(yan)究成果。

中圖分類號：G642 文獻標識(shi)碼：A 文章(zhang)編號：1007-0079（2013）02-0036-02

一、專業建(jian)設背景(jing)和人才(cai)需求分析

傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)電(dian)氣工程(cheng)及其(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)專(zhuan)業(ye)被認為(wei)是強電(dian)專(zhuan)業(ye)，隨著信息和(he)網絡技術的(de)(de)發(fa)展，弱電(dian)類課程(cheng)的(de)(de)比重(zhong)正逐漸增加，[1]現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)電(dian)氣工程(cheng)及其(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)專(zhuan)業(ye)已經成為(wei)強弱電(dian)相結合(he)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)。不同高(gao)校根據自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)辦(ban)學條件和(he)現(xian)有師資(zi)均有所(suo)側重(zhong)，目前重(zhong)點高(gao)校基(ji)本上側重(zhong)于強電(dian)，以電(dian)力系統及其(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)主要方向(xiang)；而有些高(gao)校由(you)于條件的(de)(de)限制(zhi)或學生的(de)(de)就業(ye)情況側重(zhong)于弱電(dian)。不同層次學校的(de)(de)人才培養，其(qi)就業(ye)崗位和(he)工作任(ren)務(wu)、性質也不一樣，因此應充分考慮到社會(hui)對本專(zhuan)業(ye)人才的(de)(de)不同需求。

浙江(jiang)省是(shi)我國(guo)第二產(chan)(chan)(chan)業比(bi)重(zhong)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)省份(fen)之一，高(gao)低(di)壓電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和機電(dian)(dian)業的(de)(de)(de)發展處于突出的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)。溫州電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)經過20多年的(de)(de)(de)發展，已成為全國(guo)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規模最(zui)大、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力最(zui)強(qiang)、市(shi)場(chang)占有率最(zui)高(gao)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業種類(lei)最(zui)齊的(de)(de)(de)工業電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)，“中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)之都”、“國(guo)家火炬計劃智能(neng)化電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)”、“中國(guo)斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)”和“中國(guo)防爆電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)”等國(guo)家級產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)均坐落于溫州市(shi)（樂清）境內。

溫(wen)州低壓電(dian)器企(qi)業(ye)的規模雖然大，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)技術水平(ping)還比較(jiao)落后，平(ping)均盈利能(neng)力低于(yu)整體水平(ping)，與北京(jing)、福建、天津、上海的企(qi)業(ye)相比，差(cha)距甚大，其主要原因是(shi)(shi)(shi)：產品檔次偏低，技術含(han)量不高(gao)，缺乏(fa)附加值。究其根(gen)本是(shi)(shi)(shi)技術人(ren)才嚴重(zhong)缺乏(fa)，技術人(ren)才的缺乏(fa)已(yi)經制約了溫(wen)州區(qu)域經濟的發展，盡(jin)管全省已(yi)經有多所高(gao)校(xiao)設置了電(dian)氣工(gong)程及(ji)其自動化專業(ye)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)這些專業(ye)培養的側重(zhong)點不一樣，不能(neng)滿(man)足溫(wen)州地區(qu)對(dui)低壓電(dian)器人(ren)才的需求。因此，亟需地方(fang)性高(gao)校(xiao)為溫(wen)州電(dian)器產業(ye)培養急需的人(ren)才。

二、專業建設思路

根據人(ren)才市(shi)場需求，溫(wen)州(zhou)大學(xue)電氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及其自(zi)動化專(zhuan)業建設的具(ju)體思路是：定位建成立(li)足溫(wen)州(zhou)、服(fu)務(wu)(wu)浙江、輻射(she)行業的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)用(yong)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)特(te)(te)色(se)(se)專(zhuan)業；建立(li)合理(li)的、具(ju)有鮮(xian)明特(te)(te)色(se)(se)的理(li)論和(he)實踐(jian)兩個(ge)教(jiao)學(xue)體系；培(pei)養(yang)(yang)學(xue)生電子設計、電氣(qi)產品設計和(he)電氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設計這三方(fang)面的能力(li)；實現理(li)論教(jiao)學(xue)與實踐(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)、課程(cheng)體系與地方(fang)產業、人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)與專(zhuan)業特(te)(te)色(se)(se)的緊密結合；使(shi)學(xue)生成為理(li)論基礎扎實、具(ju)有一定工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)用(yong)能力(li)和(he)創新能力(li)的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)用(yong)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)才，體現具(ju)有“應(ying)用(yong)性”和(he)“地方(fang)性”特(te)(te)色(se)(se)的電氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及其自(zi)動化專(zhuan)業工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)型(xing)(xing)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)地方(fang)區域(yu)的人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)模(mo)式。

三、具體實施方案

1.以實(shi)際辦學(xue)條件(jian)為基礎，確立專業培養目(mu)標

根據溫州(zhou)大學電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及其(qi)自動(dong)化專(zhuan)業(ye)鮮明的(de)(de)服務于(yu)地方電(dian)器(qi)(qi)行業(ye)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)定位，本專(zhuan)業(ye)旨在培養具(ju)有電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術專(zhuan)業(ye)扎實的(de)(de)基礎理論與(yu)(yu)專(zhuan)業(ye)知識(shi)，具(ju)有較強的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實踐能(neng)力(li)、創(chuang)新意識(shi)以及良(liang)好的(de)(de)團隊合作(zuo)精神(shen)，具(ju)有知識(shi)、能(neng)力(li)、素質協調發展，能(neng)夠(gou)在電(dian)力(li)系統、建(jian)筑設計(ji)與(yu)(yu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位、科研(yan)機構、電(dian)器(qi)(qi)制造企業(ye)等(deng)企事業(ye)單(dan)位與(yu)(yu)電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)相關領(ling)域從事設計(ji)、研(yan)發、運行、維護、管(guan)理和教育等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)應用型高(gao)級工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術人才，特別(bie)是在電(dian)器(qi)(qi)及其(qi)智能(neng)化方面能(neng)夠(gou)從事研(yan)制開發、應用研(yan)究、試驗分析和生產管(guan)理等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師。

2.以CDIO培(pei)養模(mo)(mo)式(shi)為基礎，確定專業人才培(pei)養模(mo)(mo)式(shi)

在(zai)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)方案的(de)制訂過程(cheng)(cheng)中，加強相關產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領(ling)域(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢及人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)調研，吸引產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)、行業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)用人(ren)(ren)部門共(gong)同研究教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)內容(rong)，制訂與企業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)、區域(yu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)需(xu)要(yao)相結合的(de)培養(yang)方案和(he)(he)課程(cheng)(cheng)體系。人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)模式(shi)將學(xue)習美國(guo)麻省理工(gong)(gong)學(xue)院(yuan)CDIO培養(yang)模式(shi)，強調人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)的(de)社會(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)環境(jing)，結合產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)背景和(he)(he)社會(hui)(hui)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需(xu)求(qiu)情況，制訂培養(yang)方案、課程(cheng)(cheng)體系和(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)方式(shi)，適應職(zhi)場目標和(he)(he)社會(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)作崗位的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)，通過專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)評(ping)(ping)估、社會(hui)(hui)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)和(he)(he)學(xue)生評(ping)(ping)價(jia)去修正培養(yang)方案、課程(cheng)(cheng)體系和(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)方式(shi)，旨在(zai)培養(yang)科學(xue)基礎(chu)扎實、個人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實踐能力強、具備團隊合作精神的(de)電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師，以達到(dao)質量工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)目的(de)。圖(tu)1為電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)及其自動(dong)化(hua)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)框架。

3.以(yi)學生能力培養為目標，注重工(gong)程素質訓練

本專業緊緊圍繞(rao)溫州市智能電(dian)子電(dian)器行業技術研究(jiu)中心、浙江(jiang)省低壓電(dian)器技術創(chuang)新服務平臺，以(yi)電(dian)氣工程(cheng)師為培養目(mu)標(biao)，要求學生具備以(yi)下幾方面的知(zhi)識和能力(li)：

（1）電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設計(ji)能力(li)(li)。要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)生掌握電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)原(yuan)理(li)、模擬和(he)數字電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術(shu)、單片機(ji)原(yuan)理(li)與(yu)應用(yong)(yong)、自動(dong)控制原(yuan)理(li)等主要(yao)基礎知識(shi)，熟(shu)  第一論(lun)文 網練掌握PROTEL等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設計(ji)自動(dong)化工具(ju)，具(ju)備電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設計(ji)基本能力(li)(li)，包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)硬件設計(ji)和(he)軟件開發，能夠綜合運(yun)用(yong)(yong)所學(xue)(xue)專業知識(shi)進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)系統設計(ji)、分(fen)析和(he)調試(shi)，具(ju)有(you)一定的(de)創新能力(li)(li)和(he)解決實際工程問題的(de)能力(li)(li)。爭取讓學(xue)(xue)生在大二階段就能完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)、模電(dian)(dian)(dian)、數電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)單片機(ji)課程的(de)學(xue)(xue)習，利用(yong)(yong)暑假參加電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)競(jing)賽的(de)培訓，通過參賽以提高學(xue)(xue)生的(de)專業意識(shi)和(he)學(xue)(xue)習興(xing)趣。

（2）電(dian)(dian)氣產品設(she)計(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。要求學生具有工(gong)(gong)程制圖(tu)的基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)看(kan)懂(dong)一般的機(ji)械工(gong)(gong)程圖(tu)紙，掌(zhang)(zhang)握電(dian)(dian)器(qi)學的基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)知識，掌(zhang)(zhang)握電(dian)(dian)氣產品的工(gong)(gong)作原理和設(she)計(ji)(ji)方法，特別是電(dian)(dian)器(qi)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化方面(mian)的知識，掌(zhang)(zhang)握電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)必須具備的計(ji)(ji)算、實(shi)驗、測試、仿真等基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，特別是電(dian)(dian)器(qi)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化方面(mian)的設(she)計(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)熟(shu)練運用(yong)常用(yong)的設(she)計(ji)(ji)軟件（如AUTOCAD等）進行輔助設(she)計(ji)(ji)與(yu)分析。

（3）電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)。掌(zhang)握電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)領(ling)域供(gong)(gong)配(pei)電(dian)方面的專業知識，如供(gong)(gong)配(pei)電(dian)技(ji)術、電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)子技(ji)術、電(dian)機(ji)及其控制技(ji)術、電(dian)氣(qi)檢測技(ji)術和機(ji)電(dian)一體化技(ji)術，具備自動控制系統的基礎知識，熟悉國家及行(xing)業的電(dian)氣(qi)標準，了解(jie)機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)安裝與項(xiang)目管理(li)方面的知識；掌(zhang)握注冊電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師（供(gong)(gong)配(pei)電(dian)方向）必(bi)須具備的電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目設(she)計(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)，初步具備項(xiang)目從立項(xiang)、招投標、安裝施工(gong)(gong)、監理(li)與驗收等一系列的項(xiang)目組織(zhi)管理(li)和協(xie)調能(neng)力(li)(li)。

（4）以(yi)工(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)能(neng)力與(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)意識培(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)為核心建立實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)學體系(xi)。工(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)能(neng)力培(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)電(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)其自(zi)動化(hua)專業(ye)(ye)工(gong)程(cheng)型應(ying)用(yong)人才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)模式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)重要組成部分(fen)。在制(zhi)訂人才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)方案時應(ying)注重實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)，把實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)學貫穿在整個教(jiao)(jiao)學過(guo)程(cheng)中，以(yi)電(dian)子電(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)中心、校(xiao)內實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)與(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)基地(di)、校(xiao)外實(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)基地(di)為依托，采用(yong)課內實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)和課程(cheng)設計等(deng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)學環(huan)節、專業(ye)(ye)見(jian)習(xi)(xi)、專業(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)、工(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi) 踐(jian)(jian)、畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)設計等(deng)多(duo)種形式(shi)(shi)，通過(guo)學生(sheng)、學校(xiao)、企業(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)有機結合(he)構(gou)建一(yi)個與(yu)理論教(jiao)(jiao)學體系(xi)相對應(ying)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)學體系(xi)，如圖2所示。主(zhu)要開展以(yi)下幾個方面的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)環(huan)節：

1）以問(wen)題為先導(dao)——工程認(ren)(ren)知(zhi)環(huan)(huan)節。[3]通(tong)過(guo)基本技能訓(xun)練(lian)、專業基礎課程實驗(yan)、專業見習(xi)等實踐(jian)環(huan)(huan)節，讓學生能夠(gou)認(ren)(ren)識基本電(dian)(dian)子(zi)、電(dian)(dian)氣類元(yuan)件和產品、機電(dian)(dian)或機械零件，如電(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)感、電(dian)(dian)容、晶閘管、繼電(dian)(dian)器、斷路(lu)(lu)器、隔離開關、電(dian)(dian)動機、凸(tu)輪、曲軸以及簡單的控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)等，初步了解課堂(tang)上講解的理論知(zhi)識在實際產品設計和制(zhi)造中的應用，增加其(qi)感性(xing)認(ren)(ren)識，激(ji)發他們的學習(xi)興趣。

2）以任(ren)務(wu)為驅動——面向(xiang)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐和創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)環(huan)節。[3]該(gai)環(huan)節結合電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科特點，將實(shi)踐教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容與實(shi)際(ji)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)相(xiang)關(guan)聯，在電(dian)器行(xing)業(ye)、電(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設計、電(dian)力拖動等方面引領學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)進行(xing)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)。教(jiao)師以案例的(de)(de)(de)方式給學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)布置題(ti)(ti)目(mu)(mu)(mu)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)則以項目(mu)(mu)(mu)組的(de)(de)(de)形式進行(xing)組織討(tao)論、設計和分析(xi)，提(ti)高學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)意識和工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐能力，同時加  第一(yi)論文 網強學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)團隊合作精神和相(xiang)互溝(gou)通的(de)(de)(de)能力。另外，通過電(dian)子電(dian)氣(qi)產品(pin)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)、挑戰杯創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)大賽、科研項目(mu)(mu)(mu)和畢業(ye)設計等多個環(huan)節對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)進行(xing)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)能力的(de)(de)(de)培養，提(ti)高學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)分析(xi)和解決工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)際(ji)問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)能力，努力將學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)培養成為工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)應用型技術人才。

4.加強師資隊(dui)伍建設，提高教學質量

加(jia)強(qiang)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊伍建設(she)(she)，建設(she)(she)一支適應高質量教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)要求的師(shi)(shi)資(zi)隊伍是(shi)提高教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)質量和(he)培(pei)養(yang)高素質應用(yong)型人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的關(guan)鍵。引進(jin)和(he)培(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)歷(li)職稱層次(ci)高、學(xue)(xue)術研究水(shui)平高、社會行業(ye)知名(ming)度(du)高的高級人(ren)才(cai)(cai)，以加(jia)強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)術梯隊建設(she)(she)。加(jia)強(qiang)校內專任(ren)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)到相關(guan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)和(he)領域一線學(xue)(xue)習交(jiao)流；建立相關(guan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)和(he)領域的人(ren)員到學(xue)(xue)校兼職授課的制度(du)，進(jin)一步促進(jin)產(chan)(chan)學(xue)(xue)研緊密結合，提升本專業(ye)建設(she)(she)的整(zheng)體水(shui)平和(he)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)養(yang)質量。

5.建立考核(he)評估機制，完善培養方案和課程體系

構(gou)建學生、教師(shi)雙向信(xin)息反饋與評估機(ji)制(zhi)；加(jia)強(qiang)與企業的(de)聯系，及時(shi)反饋人才(cai)需求和(he)(he)學生培養質量(liang)，提升本(ben)專業建設的(de)整(zheng)體(ti)水(shui)平和(he)(he)人才(cai)培養的(de)質量(liang)。

四、特色

1.專業定位體現地方性(xing)

針對(dui)浙江省及(ji)溫州(zhou)樂清區域經濟發展、企業人(ren)才(cai)需求，就溫州(zhou)大學電氣工程及(ji)其(qi)自動化(hua)專(zhuan)業形成鮮明的(de)服務于地方電器行業的(de)專(zhuan)業定位；努力為地方培養(yang)、輸送(song)高質量的(de)專(zhuan)業人(ren)才(cai)，實現人(ren)才(cai)的(de)就地培養(yang)。

2.產學研合作

以專業建設為基(ji)礎，充分利用溫(wen)州市智(zhi)能電器(qi)(qi)(qi)重點實驗室、省(sheng)級低壓電器(qi)(qi)(qi)技術創新服(fu)務平臺(tai)，整(zheng)合利用浙江省(sheng)低壓電器(qi)(qi)(qi)產業技術創新戰略聯(lian)盟的優勢資源，以重點發展學(xue)科(ke)、重點實驗室、技術開(kai)發中心(xin)等(deng)為依托，加(jia)快建設工程應用型人(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養基(ji)地，促(cu)進學(xue)科(ke)鏈(lian)、產業鏈(lian)和(he)(he)人(ren)才(cai)鏈(lian)的有機結合；突出產學(xue)研(yan)一體(ti)化的辦學(xue)優勢，爭取在電氣(qi)工程領(ling)域，特別(bie)是電器(qi)(qi)(qi)行業中，不(bu)管(guan)是人(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養還(huan)是科(ke)研(yan)項目的開(kai)發和(he)(he)創新方(fang)面(mian)均起到(dao)示范和(he)(he)帶頭作(zuo)用。

參考文獻：

[1]王立欣(xin)，等.電(dian)氣工程(cheng)及其自動化專業建設與(yu)創新人(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)[J].電(dian)氣電(dian)子教(jiao)學(xue)學(xue)報，2008，（8）：65-69，33.

篇6

關鍵詞 電氣工程及其自(zi)動化；控制(zhi)系統(tong)；系統(tong)功(gong)能；發展策略、趨勢(shi)

中圖(tu)分(fen)類(lei)號 TM76 文(wen)獻(xian)標(biao)識碼(ma) A 文(wen)章編號 1673-9671-(2012)082-0185-01

隨著電(dian)子信息技術的發(fa)展(zhan)，電(dian)氣(qi)工程及其自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化已融于生產和(he)社會生活的各個領域，文章(zhang)通過介紹電(dian)氣(qi)綜合自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化系統(tong)的功能，設備智能化水平的提高使(shi)得對現場(chang)設備狀況的精確掌握成為可(ke)能，展(zhan)望(wang)了將(jiang)來電(dian)氣(qi)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化控(kong)制系統(tong)的發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢。在(zai)工業(ye)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化領域，立足(zu)人才(cai)培養(yang)目標，按照高質(zhi)量、高起點、高標準(zhun)的原則(ze)，完(wan)善教學(xue)管(guan)理和(he)教學(xue)質(zhi)量監控(kong)體系五個方面對電(dian)氣(qi)工程及其自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化專業(ye)建設進行(xing)了探討。

1 電(dian)氣自動化發展狀況

電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)自動(dong)化(hua)是(shi)伴隨(sui)著自動(dong)化(hua)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)社(she)會生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活中的(de)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)而(er)興(xing)起的(de)。它主要研究自動(dong)控(kong)制的(de)原理(li)和方法，自動(dong)化(hua)單元技術(shu)(shu)(shu)和集(ji)成技術(shu)(shu)(shu)及(ji)其(qi)在(zai)各(ge)(ge)類控(kong)制系統中的(de)應用(yong)(yong)。建國初期，人民政權面臨的(de)是(shi)百廢待(dai)興(xing)的(de)局面，社(she)會主義經濟建設(she)需(xu)要有先(xian)進的(de)生(sheng)產技術(shu)(shu)(shu)。于是(shi)在(zai)黨和國家的(de)支持(chi)下，一(yi)批學校(xiao)如(ru)清華大學、北(bei)(bei)京(jing)大學、上海交通(tong)大學、北(bei)(bei)京(jing)理(li)工(gong)(gong)大學都紛紛設(she)立(li)了相關專業(ye)教育和專業(ye)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)研究所(suo)。近二三十年來，現代電(dian)子技術(shu)(shu)(shu)、計算機技術(shu)(shu)(shu)和可再生(sheng)能源技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)迅猛發展(zhan)并滲透到傳統的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)各(ge)(ge)個領(ling)域，使電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學科的(de)理(li)論(lun)和技術(shu)(shu)(shu)發生(sheng)了巨大的(de)變化(hua)。在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)領(ling)域工(gong)(gong)作的(de)科技人員(yuan)僅具備傳統的(de)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)理(li)論(lun)及(ji)其(qi)應用(yong)(yong)的(de)知識結(jie)構(gou)已無法勝任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作。

2 電氣(qi)綜合自(zi)動化系(xi)統的功能

現(xian)代生產和(he)科學技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的發展(zhan)(zhan)，對自動(dong)化技術(shu)(shu)(shu)提(ti)出越(yue)來越(yue)高(gao)的要求，同時(shi)也為(wei)自動(dong)化技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的革新提(ti)供了必(bi)要條件。工廠自動(dong)化、辦(ban)公自動(dong)化、家庭自動(dong)化和(he)農業自動(dong)化將成為(wei)新技術(shu)(shu)(shu)革命的重要內容，并(bing)得(de)到迅速(su)發展(zhan)(zhan)。

任(ren)何一(yi)臺自動化設(she)備(bei)都是由執行元件，傳感(gan)器(qi)部(bu)分(fen)，控(kong)制器(qi)部(bu)分(fen)三部(bu)分(fen)組成，當自動化設(she)備(bei)突然出現故障不工(gong)作，或者工(gong)作順序失(shi)常，就必須進行故障診斷。例如(ru)：

1）檢查自動化設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)所(suo)有電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)。電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)問題(ti)會經常導致自動化設(she)(she)備出(chu)現故障(zhang)。比(bi)如供電(dian)出(chu)現問題(ti)，包括(kuo)整(zheng)個車間供電(dian)的(de)(de)故障(zhang)，比(bi)如電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)功率低(di)，保(bao)險燒毀，電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)插頭接觸不(bu)良等(deng)；氣(qi)(qi)泵(beng)或(huo)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)泵(beng)未開啟(qi)，氣(qi)(qi)動三聯(lian)件或(huo)二聯(lian)件未開啟(qi)，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)系統中的(de)(de)泄荷閥或(huo)某(mou)些壓(ya)力閥未開啟(qi)等(deng)。檢測自動化設(she)(she)備時應包括(kuo)以下幾(ji)個方面(mian)：電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，包括(kuo)每臺設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)供電(dian)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)車間的(de)(de)動力電(dian)。氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)，包括(kuo)氣(qi)(qi)動裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)源(yuan)(yuan)，包括(kuo)自動化設(she)(she)備液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置需(xu)要的(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)泵(beng)的(de)(de)工作情況。

2）檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)自(zi)動化設(she)備的(de)(de)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)是(shi)否出現(xian)(xian)偏移。由于設(she)備維護人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)疏忽，可能某些傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)出現(xian)(xian)差錯，比如沒有到(dao)位(wei)(wei)，傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)障，靈敏度故(gu)障等。要(yao)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)傳感(gan)(gan)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)和(he)靈敏度，出現(xian)(xian)偏差及時調節，傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)如果壞(huai)掉，立刻更換。很多時候，此外，由于自(zi)動化設(she)備的(de)(de)震動，大(da)部分(fen)的(de)(de)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)長期使用(yong)后(hou)，都會出現(xian)(xian)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)松動的(de)(de)情況，所(suo)以在(zai)日常(chang)(chang)維護時要(yao)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)是(shi)否正確，是(shi)否固(gu)定牢固(gu)。

3）檢(jian)查自動(dong)(dong)化設備的(de)(de)繼電器，流(liu)(liu)量(liang)控(kong)(kong)制閥，壓(ya)力控(kong)(kong)制閥。繼電器和磁(ci)感應式(shi)傳感器一樣，長(chang)期使用也會(hui)出(chu)現搭鐵粘連的(de)(de)情(qing)況，從而無(wu)法保證電氣回路(lu)的(de)(de)正常(chang)，需要(yao)更(geng)換。在(zai)氣動(dong)(dong)或(huo)液(ye)壓(ya)系統中，節流(liu)(liu)閥開口度和壓(ya)力閥的(de)(de)壓(ya)力調(diao)節彈簧(huang)，也會(hui)隨著設備的(de)(de)震動(dong)(dong)而出(chu)現松動(dong)(dong)或(huo)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)情(qing)況。這些裝(zhuang)置與傳感器一樣，在(zai)自動(dong)(dong)化設備中都是(shi)需要(yao)進行日(ri)常(chang)維護的(de)(de)部件。

4）檢(jian)查(cha)電氣(qi)(qi)，氣(qi)(qi)動和液(ye)壓回(hui)(hui)路(lu)連接(jie)。如果以上三步都沒有發現任何問(wen)題，那(nei)么(me)檢(jian)查(cha)所有回(hui)(hui)路(lu)。查(cha)看電路(lu)中的(de)導線是否(fou)出現斷路(lu)，尤(you)其是線槽內的(de)導線是否(fou)由(you)于拉(la)扯被(bei)線槽剮斷。檢(jian)查(cha)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)是否(fou)有損(sun)壞性的(de)折痕(hen)。檢(jian)查(cha)液(ye)壓油管(guan)是否(fou)堵塞。如果氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)出現嚴重折痕(hen)，立(li)刻(ke)更(geng)(geng)換。液(ye)壓油管(guan)一樣要更(geng)(geng)換。

3 應對電氣自動化(hua)問題的發展策略(lve)

電(dian)(dian)氣自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)控制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統在使用(yong)過程中(zhong)，避免不了會出現一系(xi)列問題狀況，在應(ying)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)氣自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)控制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統時，要及(ji)時采取(qu)措施解(jie)決(jue)問題和障(zhang)礙。

 1）隨(sui)著電氣化的(de)不斷發展，對(dui)操作人員(yuan)的(de)要求與越來越高，電氣自動化控制系統(tong)在設(she)計與安裝(zhuang)過程中，隨(sui)時維護和操作該設(she)備人員(yuan)了解安裝(zhuang)過程，這有助于(yu)操作人員(yuan)對(dui)新系統(tong)產(chan)生感(gan)性認(ren)識。

2）IT技(ji)術與電氣工(gong)業(ye)自動(dong)化緊密結合，現代化的(de)(de)信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術對工(gong)業(ye)世界的(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)透主(zhu)要來自于，一是信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)橫(heng)向擴展和(he)自動(dong)化的(de)(de)設備、機器(qi)和(he)系(xi)統中(zhong)，信息(xi)(xi)技(ji)術以滲(shen)(shen)透到(dao)產品(pin)所有的(de)(de)層(ceng)面，不僅(jin)包(bao)括(kuo)傳感器(qi)和(he)執行器(qi)，而且包(bao)括(kuo)控制器(qi)和(he)儀表(biao)。二是從管理(li)層(ceng)縱向的(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)透，企業(ye)的(de)(de)業(ye)務數據處理(li)系(xi)統要對當前(qian)生產過程(cheng)的(de)(de)數據進(jin)行實(shi)的(de)(de)存取(qu)。

3）通用(yong)的(de)網絡結構。一(yi)個成(cheng)功的(de)自(zi)動化(hua)系統離不開通用(yong)的(de)網絡結構。任何企(qi)業的(de)網絡結構對于(yu)設備控制、監督系統、企(qi)業管理(li)系統之間的(de)數(shu)據(ju)通訊暢(chang)通無阻必須予以保證。數(shu)據(ju)添加(jia)和整理(li)工作結束后,要(yao)對中心管理(li)機和其(qi)他通訊管理(li)機進(jin)行網絡通訊配置,以便(bian)系統能夠協(xie)調工作,傳送正確數(shu)據(ju)。虛擬現實(shi)技(ji)術和視頻處理(li)技(ji)術的(de)應用(yong),將對未來的(de)自(zi)動化(hua)產(chan)品產(chan)生(sheng)直接(jie)的(de)影(ying)響。

4）標(biao)準化的(de)程序(xu)接(jie)口。使用WindowsNT/Windows2000作(zuo)為操作(zuo)系統,使用TCP/IP作(zuo)為辦公(gong)環境(jing)的(de)通(tong)訊(xun)標(biao)準,PC可以在自(zi)動控制和管理平臺之(zhi)間建立一種最好的(de)接(jie)口。標(biao)準化的(de)程序(xu)接(jie)口還(huan)保證了(le)不同廠家的(de)軟硬件(jian)產品的(de)交換,不需擔心它(ta)們(men)之(zhi)間的(de)通(tong)訊(xun)問(wen)題。

4 電氣自動(dong)化(hua)控制系(xi)統的發展趨勢(shi)

現代生產和(he)科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，對(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術提(ti)出越來越高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，同時也(ye)為自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革新提(ti)供(gong)了(le)必(bi)要(yao)條(tiao)件(jian)。將對(dui)未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產品，如(ru)人(ren)機(ji)界面和(he)設備(bei)維護(hu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計產生直接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。相對(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軟件(jian)結構、通(tong)(tong)訊能力(li)及易于使用和(he)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組態環(huan)境(jing)變得重要(yao)了(le)。軟件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)在(zai)不斷提(ti)高(gao)。這種趨勢正從單一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)轉向(xiang)集(ji)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。70年(nian)代以后，自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)開始(shi)向(xiang)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)控制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)高(gao)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智能控制(zhi)(zhi)發展(zhan)，并(bing)廣泛地應用到國防、科(ke)學(xue)研究和(he)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)各個領域(yu)，實現更大(da)(da)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，例(li)如(ru)大(da)(da)型企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、全(quan)國鐵路自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)調度系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、國家電力(li)網自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)調度系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、空(kong)中交通(tong)(tong)管制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、城市交通(tong)(tong)控制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)指揮系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、國民(min)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)管理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用正從工(gong)程(cheng)領域(yu)向(xiang)非工(gong)程(cheng)領域(yu)擴展(zhan)，如(ru)醫療(liao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、人(ren)口控制(zhi)(zhi)、經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)管理(li)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)將在(zai)更大(da)(da)程(cheng)度上模仿人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智能，機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)已在(zai)工(gong)業生產、海洋(yang)開發和(he)宇(yu)宙探(tan)測等(deng)(deng)(deng)領域(yu)得到應用，專家系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)在(zai)醫療(liao)診斷、地質勘探(tan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方面取得顯著效果。工(gong)廠自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、辦公自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、家庭(ting)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)農業自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)將成(cheng)為新技(ji)術革命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)內(nei)容，并(bing)得到迅速(su)發展(zhan)。

5 結束語

在新(xin)(xin)世(shi)紀(ji)中(zhong)，控(kong)制類(lei)學科將(jiang)具有(you)更加光明(ming)的前(qian)景，控(kong)制類(lei)研究(jiu)(jiu)內(nei)容(rong)(rong)將(jiang)具有(you)挑戰(zhan)性，研究(jiu)(jiu)的范圍將(jiang)更加廣闊，電(dian)氣自動化專業(ye)控(kong)制類(lei)課(ke)程(cheng)的內(nei)容(rong)(rong)將(jiang)不斷地(di)發(fa)展和更新(xin)(xin)，電(dian)氣自動化專業(ye)控(kong)制類(lei)課(ke)程(cheng)設置及教學內(nei)容(rong)(rong)改革研究(jiu)(jiu)也將(jiang)進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)下(xia)去。

參考文獻

[1]范輝,陸學謙.電(dian)氣監控(kong)系統(tong)納入(ru)DCS的(de)幾(ji)點體會[J].電(dian)力自動化設備,2001,21(3):52-54.

[2]薛(xue)葵.發電(dian)廠電(dian)氣監控系統[J].電(dian)力系統裝(zhuang)備,2002,1:72-73.

[3]李繼生,劉文良,孫振(zhen)環,王杰.電(dian)氣工程及(ji)其自(zi)動化專業人才培(pei)養方(fang)案的改革與探(tan)索[J].中國輕工教(jiao)育(yu),2003,3:34-35.

[4]張軍,李(li)楠(nan).淺(qian)談電氣控制系統(RCS)的應用和發展[J].自(zi)動化博(bo)覽,2004,21(6):66-69.

篇7

關鍵詞(ci)：電(dian)氣(qi)工程；改(gai)造；自(zi)動(dong)化；趨勢(shi)研究

中(zhong)圖(tu)分類號：C35文獻(xian)標識碼(ma)： A

1 電(dian)氣工程及其(qi)自(zi)動化

1.1 信息技術

信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)技術(shu)廣(guang)泛地定義為包括計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機、世界范(fan)圍(wei)高速寬帶計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機網絡及通訊系統，以及用來傳感、處理、存儲和顯示(shi)各(ge)種信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)等相關(guan)支持技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)綜合。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)技術(shu)對電氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展具有(you)特別大的(de)(de)(de)支配(pei)性影響(xiang)。信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)技術(shu)持續以指數(shu)速度增長在很大程(cheng)(cheng)度上取決(jue)于電氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中眾(zhong)多學科(ke)領域的(de)(de)(de)持續技術(shu)創新。反(fan)過來，信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)進步(bu)又為電氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)領域的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)創新提(ti)供(gong)了更新更先進的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)具基礎。

1.2 操控系統

由(you)于(yu)三(san)極管的(de)(de)發(fa)明和大規模集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路制造技術(shu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展，固體電(dian)(dian)子學(xue)(xue)在(zai)20世紀(ji)的(de)(de)后50年對電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程的(de)(de)成(cheng)長起(qi)到了巨大的(de)(de)推動作用。電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程與物理科學(xue)(xue)間的(de)(de)緊密聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與交叉仍然是今后電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程學(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)關鍵，并且將(jiang)拓寬到生物系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、光子學(xue)(xue)、微機電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統（MEMS）。21世紀(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)某(mou)些(xie)最重要的(de)(de)新裝(zhuang)置、新系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統和新技術(shu)將(jiang)來自上述(shu)領域。技術(shu)的(de)(de)飛速進步和分析方(fang)法、設計方(fang)法的(de)(de)日新月異，使得(de)我們(men)必須每隔幾年對工(gong)程問題的(de)(de)過去解決方(fang)案重新全面思考或審查。

2 電氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)的實際(ji)運用情況

2.1 智能建筑

智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展必然(ran)離(li)不(bu)開(kai)電(dian)氣自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)，隨著我國(guo)國(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)飛速發(fa)展以及數字電(dian)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)科(ke)技發(fa)展，高(gao)(gao)檔智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)無疑已經(jing)成(cheng)為當今建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)界的(de)(de)主要發(fa)展方向。自(zi)然(ran)達到(dao)合理利用設(she)備(bei)，在資源方面，人力的(de)(de)節省(sheng)就(jiu)有了(le)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統。智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內有大量的(de)(de)電(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)與布(bu)線系(xi)統。這些電(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)及布(bu)線系(xi)統一(yi)般都屬耐壓等級低，防干(gan)擾要求高(gao)(gao)，是最(zui)怕受到(dao)雷(lei)擊的(de)(de)部分。智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)多屬于(yu)一(yi)級負荷，應該設(she)計為一(yi)級防雷(lei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物，組成(cheng)具有多層屏(ping)蔽(bi)的(de)(de)籠形防雷(lei)體系(xi)。

2.2 凈化系統

凈化空調系(xi)統控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自動監控裝置，可(ke)以設(she)計成單個系(xi)統的(de)(de)測(ce)量、控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統，也可(ke)以設(she)計成以數字計算機(ji)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管理的(de)(de)系(xi)統。在溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方面，凈化空調系(xi)統采用(yong)DDC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。裝設(she)在回(hui)風(feng)管的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)傳感(gan)器所(suo)檢測(ce)的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)送(song)往DX一9100，與設(she)定點比較，用(yong)比例加積(ji)分、微分運(yun)算進行控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，輸(shu)出相應(ying)電(dian)壓信號，控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加熱(re)電(dian)動調節閥或冷水電(dian)動調節閥的(de)(de)動作，控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)回(hui)風(feng)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)應(ying)保持在18度(du)(du)(du)-16度(du)(du)(du)之間，從而(er)使得(de)潔凈室溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)符合GMP要求。

3 電氣自動化控制系統(tong)的設(she)計

3.1 集中監控(kong)方式

集(ji)中監控(kong)方(fang)式(shi)不(bu)但運行維(wei)護(hu)方(fang)便，控(kong)制站的(de)防護(hu)要求也不(bu)高，而(er)(er)且(qie)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)計也很容易。但由(you)(you)于這種方(fang)式(shi)是(shi)將系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)各個功能(neng)集(ji)中到(dao)一(yi)個處(chu)理(li)器(qi)進行處(chu)理(li)，所以處(chu)理(li)器(qi)的(de)任務相當繁重，處(chu)理(li)速度(du)也會受到(dao)一(yi)定的(de)影(ying)響。由(you)(you)于電氣設(she)(she)備全部進入監控(kong)，致使(shi)主(zhu)機冗(rong)余的(de)下降、電纜(lan)數量增加(jia)，投資加(jia)大(da)，長距(ju)離電纜(lan)引(yin)入的(de)干擾也可能(neng)影(ying)響系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)可靠(kao)性。同(tong)時(shi)，隔離刀(dao)閘的(de)操作閉鎖(suo)和斷路器(qi)的(de)聯鎖(suo)采用硬(ying)接線，由(you)(you)于隔離刀(dao)閘的(de)輔助(zhu)接點經常不(bu)到(dao)位，這也會造成(cheng)設(she)(she)備無法操作。這種接線的(de)二(er)次接線比較復雜(za)，查線也不(bu)方(fang)便，而(er)(er)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)了維(wei)護(hu)量，還存(cun)在在查線或傳動過(guo)程(cheng)中由(you)(you)于接線復雜(za)而(er)(er)造成(cheng)誤操作的(de)可能(neng)性。

3.2 遠程監控(kong)方式

遠程監控(kong)方(fang)式(shi)具有節(jie)約大(da)(da)量電(dian)纜、節(jie)省安裝費用(yong)、節(jie)約材(cai)料、可靠性高(gao)和組態靈活等優(you)點。但由(you)于各種(zhong)現(xian)場總線的通訊速度不是(shi)很高(gao)，使得電(dian)廠電(dian)氣(qi)部分通訊量相對又比(bi)較大(da)(da)，所以這種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)大(da)(da)都(dou)用(yong)于小(xiao)系統監控(kong)，而(er)在(zai)全廠的電(dian)氣(qi)自動化系統的構建中卻不適用(yong)。

3.3 現場總線監(jian)控方式

目(mu)前，對(dui)于(yu)以(yi)(yi)太網（Ethernet）、現(xian)場總(zong)線等計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機網絡(luo)技術已經普遍應用于(yu)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)綜合自(zi)動(dong)化系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)，而(er)且已經擁有了(le)豐富(fu)的運行經驗，智能(neng)(neng)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)也有了(le)較快的發展，這(zhe)些都為網絡(luo)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)應用于(yu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奠定(ding)了(le)堅實的基礎。現(xian)場總(zong)線監(jian)控(kong)(kong)方(fang)式使系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)計(ji)更加具(ju)有針對(dui)性(xing)，對(dui)于(yu)不(bu)同(tong)的間(jian)隔(ge)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)有不(bu)同(tong)的功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，這(zhe)樣就可(ke)根據間(jian)隔(ge)的情況進(jin)行設(she)計(ji)。這(zhe)種監(jian)控(kong)(kong)方(fang)式除了(le)具(ju)有遠程監(jian)控(kong)(kong)方(fang)式的全部優點外，還可(ke)以(yi)(yi)減(jian)少大(da)(da)量的隔(ge)離設(she)備(bei)、端子柜(ju)、模擬量變送器等，而(er)且智能(neng)(neng)設(she)備(bei)就地安裝(zhuang)，與監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通(tong)過通(tong)信線連接(jie)，節省(sheng)了(le)大(da)(da)量控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，節約(yue)了(le)很多投資和安裝(zhuang)維護工(gong)作量，從(cong)而(er)降低(di)成本(ben)。此外，各(ge)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的功(gong)能(neng)(neng)相對(dui)獨(du)立，組態靈活，使整個(ge)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)具(ju)有可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)而(er)不(bu)會導(dao)致系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)癱瘓(huan)。因此，現(xian)場總(zong)線監(jian)控(kong)(kong)方(fang)式是今后發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的發展方(fang)向。

4 電力系統自(zi)動化改造的趨勢

4.1 功能多樣化

傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)電力系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)重點功能(neng)(neng)(neng)集中于發(fa)電、輸電，在(zai)傳輸期間對電能(neng)(neng)(neng)值(zhi)大小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)轉換缺乏足夠的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)。電力系統(tong)(tong)(tong)自動化(hua)改造之后，系統(tong)(tong)(tong)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)日(ri)趨多樣化(hua)，電壓轉變、電能(neng)(neng)(neng)分配、用電調控等(deng)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)均會得(de)到明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)改善，系統(tong)(tong)(tong)自動化(hua)狀(zhuang)態，符合了系統(tong)(tong)(tong)高負荷運行狀(zhuang)態的(de)(de)(de)操作要求。

4.2 結(jie)構(gou)簡(jian)單化

結(jie)構問題是阻礙電力系(xi)(xi)統功能發(fa)揮的(de)(de)一大因素，多種設備連接于系(xi)(xi)統導致操作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)調控質量(liang)下降，部分設備在系(xi)(xi)統運行(xing)(xing)時(shi)發(fa)揮不了(le)作(zuo)用。系(xi)(xi)統自動化改造(zao)后結(jie)構得到了(le)充分的(de)(de)簡化，且功能也明(ming)顯(xian)優越于傳統模式，促進了(le)電力行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)持(chi)續發(fa)展。

4.3 設備智能化(hua)

電(dian)力設(she)(she)備(bei)是系(xi)統發揮作(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)載(zai)體，電(dian)廠發電(dian)、輸(shu)電(dian)、變(bian)電(dian)等各個環(huan)節都要依賴于設(she)(she)備(bei)運行(xing)。早(zao)期人工操(cao)控(kong)設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)效率較(jiao)低(di)，自動化改(gai)造之后可利用計算機作(zuo)(zuo)為控(kong)制中心(xin)，利用程序(xu)代碼指導電(dian)力設(she)(she)備(bei)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，智能化執行(xing)設(she)(she)備(bei)命(ming)令，以逐漸提升作(zuo)(zuo)業效率。

4.4 操控一體化(hua)

當電力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)設備實現智能化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)后(hou)，系(xi)統(tong)操控的一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)便(bian)成為現實。如：機械一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)、機電一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)、人機一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)等模式，都是電力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)自動化(hua)(hua)改造(zao)的發(fa)展趨勢。電力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)操控“省(sheng)力(li)(li)、省(sheng)時、省(sheng)錢”，也為后(hou)期(qi)繼電保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的安裝(zhuang)運(yun)用創造(zao)了有(you)利(li)的條(tiao)件。

5 繼(ji)電保(bao)護運用于自(zi)動化改造

5.1 針對性

由于電(dian)力(li)系統自動化改(gai)造屬于技術改(gai)造范疇，需要對系統潛在(zai)的(de)故障(zhang)問題(ti)檢測處(chu)理。繼(ji)電(dian)保護(hu)具有(you)針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)的(de)處(chu)理功能(neng)(neng)，可根據(ju)系統不同的(de)故障(zhang)形(xing)式采取針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)的(de)處(chu)理方案。如：電(dian)力(li)設備出現短路(lu)問題(ti)，繼(ji)電(dian)保護(hu)可立刻把設備從故障(zhang)區域(yu)隔離；線路(lu)保護(hu)拒動作(zuo)時，繼(ji)電(dian)保護(hu)可將線路(lu)故障(zhang)切(qie)除，具有(you)針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)的(de)故障(zhang)防御(yu)處(chu)理功能(neng)(neng)。

5.2 穩定性

繼電保(bao)護(hu)對(dui)電力(li)系(xi)統的(de)穩(wen)定性作用(yong)顯著，特別是在故障發(fa)生之后可維持系(xi)統的(de)穩(wen)定運行，以免故障對(dui)設備(bei)造成(cheng)的(de)損(sun)壞更大。良好(hao)的(de)運行環境是設備(bei)功能發(fa)揮的(de)前提條件，如：繼電保(bao)護(hu)裝置能快速地(di)切除(chu)故障，減短(duan)了設備(bei)及用(yong)戶在高電流、低(di)電壓運行的(de)時間。通過模擬仿真，保(bao)證了系(xi)統在故障狀態下的(de)穩(wen)定運行，防止系(xi)統中(zhong)斷(duan)引(yin)起的(de)損(sun)壞。

5.3 現(xian)場總(zong)線監控(kong)方(fang)式

目前，對于以太網（Ethernet）、現場(chang)(chang)總線(xian)(xian)等(deng)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)網絡(luo)技(ji)術(shu)已經(jing)普(pu)遍應用于變(bian)電(dian)站綜(zong)合(he)自動化系統(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)，而且(qie)已經(jing)擁(yong)有(you)了(le)豐富的(de)(de)運行經(jing)驗，智能(neng)化電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備也有(you)了(le)較(jiao)快的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，這(zhe)些(xie)都為(wei)網絡(luo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)應用于發(fa)(fa)電(dian)廠電(dian)氣(qi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)奠定(ding)了(le)堅實的(de)(de)基礎。現場(chang)(chang)總線(xian)(xian)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)式使(shi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)計(ji)(ji)更(geng)加具(ju)有(you)針(zhen)對性(xing)，對于不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)可(ke)以有(you)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)，這(zhe)樣就(jiu)可(ke)根據間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)進行設(she)計(ji)(ji)。這(zhe)種監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)式除了(le)具(ju)有(you)遠程(cheng)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)式的(de)(de)全(quan)部優(you)點外，還可(ke)以減少大(da)量的(de)(de)隔(ge)離設(she)備、端子柜、模擬量變(bian)送器等(deng)，而且(qie)智能(neng)設(she)備就(jiu)地(di)安裝，與監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)通過通信(xin)線(xian)(xian)連接，節省了(le)大(da)量控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)，節約(yue)了(le)很多投資(zi)和(he)安裝維護工作量，從而降低成本。此外，各裝置的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)相對獨立，組態靈活，使(shi)整個系統(tong)(tong)(tong)具(ju)有(you)可(ke)靠性(xing)而不(bu)(bu)會導致(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)癱瘓。因此，現場(chang)(chang)總線(xian)(xian)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)式是今后發(fa)(fa)電(dian)廠計(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展方(fang)向。

結論

總之(zhi)，電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是(shi)社(she)會現代化發展的(de)重點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，關系著我國工(gong)(gong)業經濟(ji)及科學技術水平(ping)的(de)進步(bu)情況。深入(ru)研究電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)改造(zao)及其自動(dong)化趨勢，是(shi)企(qi)業未來發展的(de)必然要求。面(mian)對電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)自動(dong)化改造(zao)活(huo)動(dong)，企(qi)業應加(jia)強多方面(mian)的(de)調控管理，確保改造(zao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)達到預(yu)期的(de)成效，提升電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)運行水平(ping)。

參考文獻

[1]李艷.繼電(dian)保護設備(bei)的實(shi)時(shi)數字(zi)仿真測試系統(tong)綜(zong)述[J].電(dian)氣應用,2008,12(05):30-31.

篇8

關鍵詞：建筑電氣技術 應用發展趨勢

中圖(tu)分類號：F407文(wen)獻標識碼： A

隨著高(gao)(gao)科技(ji)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，人們對建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用功能(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，其中(zhong)對建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)電氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求更(geng)多(duo)，如建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)調設(she)備(bei)(bei)、冷熱源設(she)備(bei)(bei)、通風(feng)設(she)備(bei)(bei)、給排水設(she)備(bei)(bei)、輸配(pei)電設(she)備(bei)(bei)、照(zhao)明設(she)備(bei)(bei)、電梯(ti)等，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求其技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)更(geng)新、完善，使其達到人們所期(qi)望的(de)(de)(de)標準。上世紀60年代(dai)，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業發(fa)(fa)展進入第(di)一個(ge)高(gao)(gao)峰期(qi)，標志性的(de)(de)(de)特(te)征就是高(gao)(gao)層(ceng)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)逐步成熟，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)電氣(qi)是建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)部(bu)分，電氣(qi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展促進高(gao)(gao)層(ceng)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)樣性，多(duo)樣性的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展過程(cheng)就是建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)電氣(qi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展過程(cheng)。

一、建筑(zhu)電氣技術(shu)的內(nei)涵

“人(ren)性化(hua)”是建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)最(zui)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)征。建筑(zhu)(zhu)物中(zhong)所(suo)安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)需(xu)要(yao)可靠的(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，同時也需(xu)要(yao)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備(bei)運行(xing)時的(de)(de)(de)參數進行(xing)不(bu)間斷的(de)(de)(de)監測與(yu)掌控(kong)，安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)越多，需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)也隨之(zhi)(zhi)增多，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)由此發(fa)展而(er)來，上(shang)(shang)世紀(ji)80年(nian)代(dai)初，我國的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程意(yi)識到電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)己不(bu)能簡單的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)帶在(zai)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，于是就形(xing)成了綜合(he)性的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程學(xue)科-建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)廣義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)解釋是：建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)是以建筑(zhu)(zhu)為平(ping)臺，以電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)為手段，在(zai)有(you)限的(de)(de)(de)空間內，去創造人(ren)性化(hua)生(sheng)活環境的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)門應用學(xue)科；建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)狹義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)解釋是：在(zai)建筑(zhu)(zhu)物中(zhong)利用先進的(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)理論和技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)（含電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、控(kong)制技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)和信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)）去創造一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)性化(hua)工(gong)作生(sheng)活環境的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)系統，稱為建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。

二(er)、建(jian)筑電氣(qi)技術的發展現狀

隨著人們(men)生活水(shui)平的提(ti)高，建筑(zhu)物內(nei)部(bu)的需求也是(shi)愈加多(duo)樣化，為了(le)滿足使用功能(neng)的多(duo)樣化，就必須在建筑(zhu)物中采取多(duo)種新設備，運用多(duo)種新技(ji)術(shu)，這就促使建筑(zhu)電氣技(ji)術(shu)逐步(bu)呈現(xian)出多(duo)樣化的需求結構，具體表現(xian)在這幾方面(mian)：

1、建筑電氣技術的智能化(hua)

智能化的電(dian)氣技術(shu)包括(kuo)：建(jian)筑設備監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、火災自動報(bao)警及消(xiao)防(fang)聯動系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、停車場(chang)管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、廣播系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、有線電(dian)視系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、數(shu)字會(hui)議及視頻會(hui)議系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、安全防(fang)范系(xi)統(tong)(tong)等(deng)十幾個(ge)子系(xi)統(tong)(tong)所組成。

2、建筑設備監控技術

在(zai)90年代末期，隨著計算機(ji)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、網絡與通信技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)發展，使得(de)(de)建筑設備監制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)得(de)(de)到迅速發展，表現為(wei)：第(di)(di)一現場總線(xian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)監控(kong)系(xi)統中(zhong)得(de)(de)到廣泛應(ying)用(yong)；第(di)(di)二在(zai)對控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)網絡的(de)組(zu)網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，實時網絡操作系(xi)統，可靠性技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)等方面有了深入研究后出(chu)現了以太(tai)網的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)；第(di)(di)三控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)網絡與信息網絡的(de)集成使得(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)網絡技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)建筑物中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)也日益成熟(shu)；第(di)(di)四(si)各種控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)網絡的(de)新技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)建筑物監控(kong)系(xi)統中(zhong)得(de)(de)到應(ying)用(yong)，如計算機(ji)領域的(de)OPC技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、web技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、TCP/IP技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)等。

3、通信網絡技術

建筑物中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)通(tong)信(xin)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡包括(kuo)計(ji)算機網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡、有(you)線電(dian)(dian)視傳(chuan)輸網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡、電(dian)(dian)話網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡等(deng)，其中(zhong)(zhong)在計(ji)算機網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡中(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)太網(wang)(wang)(wang)因自身的(de)(de)優點：易于維護保養、走線簡(jian)單、性能(neng)好(hao)，逐(zhu)漸(jian)成為通(tong)信(xin)技術的(de)(de)主流，其傳(chuan)輸速率由最(zui)初的(de)(de)10Mbps、100Mbps發(fa)展到1Gbps、10Gbps，甚(shen)至更高。電(dian)(dian)話通(tong)信(xin)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡的(de)(de)發(fa)展，使電(dian)(dian)話的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)不再局(ju)限于語音通(tong)信(xin)，它還具有(you)了(le)數據傳(chuan)輸、圖像傳(chuan)遞等(deng)功(gong)能(neng)，實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)話或電(dian)(dian)視會議的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。由于寬帶進入小區(qu)及小區(qu)規模的(de)(de)擴大，現(xian)在又出現(xian)了(le)數字(zi)化(hua)社(she)區(qu)的(de)(de)概念，數字(zi)化(hua)社(she)區(qu)具有(you)局(ju)域網(wang)(wang)(wang)、廣域網(wang)(wang)(wang)、互聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)接入，通(tong)過完備的(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡可以(yi)實現(xian)社(she)區(qu)機電(dian)(dian)設備和家庭電(dian)(dian)器設備的(de)(de)自動化(hua)、智能(neng)化(hua)掌(zhang)控。

4、安全防范技術

安(an)全(quan)(quan)防(fang)范(fan)技術(shu)包括(kuo)：閉路電視監控、入(ru)侵報警系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、通道控制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、巡更(geng)對講系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、周界防(fang)越系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統等(deng)，安(an)防(fang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統從(cong)最(zui)初的(de)各子系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統相互獨立，發展到如今(jin)的(de)各系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統之(zhi)間的(de)聯(lian)動，極大(da)提(ti)高了(le)(le)安(an)全(quan)(quan)防(fang)范(fan)措施的(de)嚴(yan)密性(xing)和可靠性(xing)，為人(ren)們的(de)工作、學習、生(sheng)活提(ti)供了(le)(le)安(an)全(quan)(quan)保障。

三(san)、建筑電氣技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發展趨勢(shi)

隨著科技(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)日益豐富，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)成為(wei)整合(he)了電(dian)(dian)氣技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、計(ji)算機技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、通信技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、控制技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)等(deng)，創(chuang)造、維持和(he)(he)改善建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)空間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲、光、電(dian)(dian)、熱、通信、管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一門綜合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣正在(zai)形成自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業理(li)論體系。未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)如下所組成：①采用(yong)現(xian)場(chang)總線技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)②融合(he)了弱電(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)強電(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)③融合(he)了計(ji)算機技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)④以弱電(dian)(dian)通信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式控制強電(dian)(dian)⑤現(xian)場(chang)控制方便⑥管理(li)使用(yong)方便⑦節(jie)能(neng)⑧環(huan)保。特別是環(huan)保成為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要任務，在(zai)國家發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)前背(bei)景(jing)下，綠色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)己不是口號，而(er)是在(zai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，在(zai)運行，出現(xian)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)節(jie)能(neng)和(he)(he)環(huan)保標(biao)準(zhun)，這(zhe)個標(biao)準(zhun)不僅能(neng)對建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物信息流與(yu)能(neng)源流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分配與(yu)控制，而(er)且采用(yong)智能(neng)化與(yu)數字化技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)實現(xian)各種節(jie)能(neng)控制與(yu)優化管理(li)，為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)提供了動力，同時智能(neng)化、數字化、綠色化必將成為(wei)現(xian)代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)趨勢。

建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技術的應(ying)用(yong)不但從理論(lun)上豐富了電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技術，使(shi)其(qi)成為電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程領(ling)域的重要分支，而(er)且它己成為國民經濟(ji)建設中的一條(tiao)重要成長(chang)鏈，使(shi)得建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技術的人才(cai)、設備得到很大提升，為我國的建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技術走在(zai)世界(jie)的前列(lie)做出貢(gong)獻，為推(tui)動建筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技術的大發展(zhan)積(ji)累(lei)經驗(yan)。

參考文獻：

篇9

關鍵詞 電力電子技術；研究熱點；裝置

中圖(tu)分類號：TM46 文獻(xian)標識碼：A 文章編號：1671—7597（2013）041-006-01

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)學(xue)結合(he)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)學(xue)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)學(xue)以(yi)及控制學(xue)的(de)(de)內容，在(zai)這(zhe)一(yi)基礎之上發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)(le)一(yi)種新(xin)(xin)型的(de)(de)高新(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。近幾年(nian)來，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)異常(chang)迅猛，其涉及的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)非常(chang)廣(guang)泛，對多(duo)重領域都起到了(le)(le)推(tui)動和(he)促(cu)進的(de)(de)作用(yong)。如(ru)今的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)已經成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)(le)一(yi)門成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)不可或缺的(de)(de)重要學(xue)科，幾乎在(zai)所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能應(ying)用(yong)場合(he)都可以(yi)對其進行(xing)利(li)用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)到今天，逐漸的(de)(de)成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)所(suo)有(you)學(xue)科中最為(wei)重要和(he)最活(huo)躍的(de)(de)分(fen)支，用(yong)其不斷地革新(xin)(xin)和(he)進步推(tui)動著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)現代化進程(cheng)，成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)領域的(de)(de)活(huo)力來源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)中的(de)(de)研究熱(re)點也很多(duo)，下面本(ben)文就對這(zhe)些(xie)熱(re)點進行(xing)分(fen)析。

1 電力電子器件

功率器件從歷史上來(lai)看是就像是一(yi)顆將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)革命點(dian)燃的(de)(de)(de)(de)火(huo)種，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器件的(de)(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)次(ci)革新(xin)都為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)帶來(lai)了一(yi)次(ci)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)革命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器件對于(yu)這項技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)來(lai)說是其(qi)源(yuan)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)礎。美國(guo)GE在20世(shi)紀(ji)50年代所開發(fa)(fa)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)(guan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開端；門(men)極(ji)可關斷晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)(guan)隨后出(chu)現在20世(shi)紀(ji)60年代；70年代又出(chu)現了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)雙(shuang)極(ji)型(xing)(xing)晶(jing)(jing)體管(guan)(guan)、金屬氧化(hua)物半導體場(chang)效(xiao)應晶(jing)(jing)體管(guan)(guan)以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)場(chang)效(xiao)應晶(jing)(jing)體管(guan)(guan)；到(dao)了80年代，異(yi)(yi)軍突起的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕緣柵雙(shuang)極(ji)型(xing)(xing)晶(jing)(jing)體管(guan)(guan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)異(yi)(yi)常迅猛；90年代，基(ji)于(yu)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)(guan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)IGBT、GTO等技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成熟，新(xin)型(xing)(xing)器件集成門(men)極(ji)換流晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)(guan)被(bei)開發(fa)(fa)研(yan)究出(chu)來(lai)。目前(qian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器件的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)和(he)研(yan)究逐漸(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)步(bu)入了新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代，即標準模塊化(hua)、智能(neng)化(hua)、集成化(hua)以(yi)及高(gao)頻化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代。在未來(lai)，可靠性極(ji)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)積木(mu)（PEBB）以(yi)及集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)模塊IPEM技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)會成為這一(yi)領域中的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)熱點(dian)。

2 電力電子裝置

2.1 電磁兼容

專家認為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容是(shi)目前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)熱(re)點。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置在近(jin)些(xie)年來(lai)應用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)不斷地擴(kuo)大(da)，大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置和一些(xie)超大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置也(ye)不斷地被應用開來(lai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)產生(sheng)了嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)。這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)污染(ran)成為了我(wo)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置走(zou)向國(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴重制(zhi)約因素，因此必須要(yao)加以(yi)解決。絕(jue)大(da)多數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)進(jin)行連接都是(shi)依靠著整流(liu)(liu)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，治理電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)污染(ran)最重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)要(yao)提高整流(liu)(liu)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數以(yi)及整流(liu)(liu)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諧波抑制(zhi)。所謂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活交流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、技術(shu)來(lai)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)參數（潮流(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、阻抗、相位(wei)差等）以(yi)及其網(wang)絡(luo)結構進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)，用這種(zhong)控(kong)制(zhi)來(lai)達(da)到輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高以(yi)及系統穩定性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由(you)此可(ke)見，在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)靈活交流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也(ye)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)技術(shu)領域中一個研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)點。

2.2 諧波抑制

我(wo)國(guo)的(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)學者(zhe)對諧波抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)已經進行了很多年的(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，這種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)是(shi)將有源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)濾(lv)波器作為(wei)其代(dai)表的(de)，專家(jia)學者(zhe)對于這種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)于串聯型有源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)濾(lv)波器、并(bing)聯型和混合型的(de)有源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)濾(lv)波器，取得了十分顯著的(de)成(cheng)效。在(zai)這其中(zhong)，研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)最為(wei)成(cheng)熟的(de)是(shi)對并(bing)聯型有源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)濾(lv)波器的(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)方法是(shi)以(yi)實驗研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)和理論(lun)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)，朝著電(dian)能控制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)方向(xiang)進行拓展。在(zai)電(dian)能質量(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)中(zhong)，不僅有諧波抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，還有其他的(de)用戶電(dian)力(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和UPS等(deng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)方向(xiang)。

2.3 交流(liu)變頻(pin)調速(su)

在電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)領(ling)域中，對(dui)交(jiao)流變頻(pin)(pin)調速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)一直是(shi)(shi)一個熱(re)點，尤其是(shi)(shi)在近(jin)些年(nian)，在中壓變頻(pin)(pin)調速(su)以及電(dian)(dian)力(li)牽引領(ling)域中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)更(geng)加備(bei)受矚目。進(jin)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變頻(pin)(pin)器基本已經達到了性能化極(ji)(ji)高、功能極(ji)(ji)多、價格廉(lian)價以及體(ti)積精小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準，并(bing)正在朝著智能化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展方(fang)向進(jin)行(xing)(xing)改革(ge)。在我國(guo)，變頻(pin)(pin)器國(guo)產化制造有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難，與此同時，變頻(pin)(pin)調速(su)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推廣也面臨著一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困境。但是(shi)(shi)，我國(guo)市場經濟發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十分迅(xun)猛(meng)，科(ke)技領(ling)域與國(guo)際也進(jin)行(xing)(xing)著緊密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接軌，這(zhe)都(dou)預示著我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變頻(pin)(pin)器和(he)交(jiao)流調速(su)產業(ye)未來會有(you)更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展。

2.4 軟開關技(ji)術

在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)領(ling)域中(zhong)(zhong)，由于軟(ruan)(ruan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)技術(shu)具有獨特的(de)(de)優越性而成為了(le)一個研究熱(re)點。變換器中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)元件(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)完(wan)全可以(yi)通過(guo)軟(ruan)(ruan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)技術(shu)來減(jian)小甚(shen)至是(shi)完(wan)全的(de)(de)消除(chu)，緩沖(chong)吸收(shou)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)就十分的(de)(de)多余了(le)。如果采用軟(ruan)(ruan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，開(kai)(kai)關(guan)頻(pin)率(lv)就不會(hui)受到開(kai)(kai)關(guan)損耗(hao)的(de)(de)限制(zhi)，使得開(kai)(kai)關(guan)器件(jian)工作頻(pin)率(lv)大大的(de)(de)提高，同時也將其散熱(re)體積減(jian)小了(le)。

3 總結

綜上所述(shu)，電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)時(shi)間雖然不是很(hen)長，但(dan)是卻極具潛力(li)(li)(li)，是現代社(she)會(hui)中(zhong)智力(li)(li)(li)、知識、信息密集型的(de)(de)高新(xin)技術(shu)，實(shi)用性非(fei)常強。將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)應用到各個領域中(zhong)，可以為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)國(guo)民經濟提供更好的(de)(de)服務。而電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)的(de)(de)創新(xin)，將(jiang)為(wei)生(sheng)產和(he)科技進步做出更大的(de)(de)貢獻， 電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子學的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)將(jiang)向(xiang)消除電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)公(gong)害、減(jian)少電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干擾和(he)電(dian)(dian)噪聲方向(xiang)進行不懈的(de)(de)努力(li)(li)(li)。這也正是二十一世(shi)紀(ji)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)的(de)(de)新(xin)發展(zhan)(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)之一。

參考文獻

[1]呂慶敏(min)，陸馨.淺(qian)談電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)技術領域中(zhong)的研(yan)究熱(re)點[J].電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)技術，2011（05）：106-107.

篇10

［關鍵詞(ci)］課程設計；電機調速；工程教育認證(zheng)；新工科

一、背景

國內的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)先后(hou)經歷(li)了(le)(le)20世(shi)紀(ji)50年(nian)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“技(ji)(ji)術范(fan)式”、20世(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)范(fan)式”以(yi)及20世(shi)紀(ji)90年(nian)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)范(fan)式”。2006年(nian)我國啟(qi)動工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)專(zhuan)業認證，對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術人才培養(yang)模式提(ti)出了(le)(le)更(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。中國工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)認證協會于(yu)2012年(nian)7月重新(xin)修(xiu)訂(ding)了(le)(le)《工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)專(zhuan)業認證標(biao)準(zhun)》，其認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)通用標(biao)準(zhun)以(yi)“學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)”為(wei)中心，強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)達成(cheng)度(du)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)評價和持續改進(jin)[1]。2017年(nian)2月，教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部高等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)司了(le)(le)《關于(yu)開展(zhan)新(xin)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)研究(jiu)與(yu)(yu)實踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)通知(zhi)》，明(ming)確(que)指(zhi)出新(xin)工(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)開展(zhan)與(yu)(yu)實施(shi)應當(dang)圍繞工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)理念、新(xin)結構、新(xin)模式、新(xin)質(zhi)量和新(xin)體系(xi)進(jin)行[2][3]。同(tong)時，電(dian)氣化是20世(shi)紀(ji)最偉大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)就；進(jin)入21世(shi)紀(ji)后(hou)，電(dian)氣化向更(geng)寬更(geng)深(shen)發展(zhan)，并且直接面向智(zhi)能制(zhi)造(zao)。電(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)[4][5]是電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及其自(zi)動化的(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業課(ke)，掌(zhang)(zhang)握各(ge)種類型電(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)原理，對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)畢業參與(yu)(yu)機(ji)(ji)器人、數字機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)等(deng)智(zhi)能制(zhi)造(zao)領域工(gong)(gong)作有極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幫助。加(jia)強(qiang)實踐環節是工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)迫切要(yao)求，沒有實踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論是蒼白無力的(de)(de)(de)(de)，同(tong)時也難以(yi)被(bei)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)深(shen)刻掌(zhang)(zhang)握。電(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)可以(yi)幫助學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)將所(suo)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論知(zhi)識用于(yu)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)活動中。華僑大(da)學(xue)(xue)電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及其自(zi)動化專(zhuan)業已于(yu)2019年(nian)通過工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)認證受理，在(zai)(zai)此之前便以(yi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)認證為(wei)指(zhi)導(dao)思想，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)進(jin)行了(le)(le)改革探索，旨在(zai)(zai)增強(qiang)所(suo)培養(yang)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)解決復雜(za)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力。

二、現有課程設(she)計存在的問(wen)題

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控制(zhi)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)門重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，可以(yi)加(jia)深學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)礎(chu)知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)，同時也能(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)運用知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。而傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)(fang)式如下：在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩周內布置課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)題(ti)(ti)任務，給定目(mu)標電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)過MATLAB仿真(zhen)軟(ruan)件(jian)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)閉(bi)環(huan)控制(zhi)方(fang)(fang)式與(yu)(yu)整定環(huan)路參數(shu)(shu)(shu)。這種教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)：（1）教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)施安排(pai)過于(yu)(yu)集中(zhong)：此(ci)(ci)(ci)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)般安排(pai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)理(li)(li)論(lun)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)識(shi)教(jiao)授結束(shu)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩周內完(wan)成，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)尚未對(dui)理(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識(shi)充分理(li)(li)解(jie)，并(bing)(bing)且短時間內難以(yi)建(jian)(jian)立與(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)，實(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果不(bu)佳。（2）課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)題(ti)(ti)目(mu)固化：此(ci)(ci)(ci)前(qian)(qian)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)般由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控制(zhi)原理(li)(li)教(jiao)材上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例題(ti)(ti)改(gai)編(bian)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)題(ti)(ti)目(mu)較為固定，或者只對(dui)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)、控制(zhi)結構簡單改(gai)動，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)般可以(yi)參考往(wang)年學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)留下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)板，甚至有(you)照搬現象。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)并(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有(you)真(zhen)正理(li)(li)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)控制(zhi)原理(li)(li)，從而導(dao)致課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)流(liu)于(yu)(yu)形式，無法達到(dao)考查的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。（3）課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)具單一(yi)(yi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)，雖然(ran)借助(zhu)(zhu)了計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)(ji)輔助(zhu)(zhu)仿真(zhen)軟(ruan)件(jian)MATLAB，但是(shi)單一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)具限定了學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發揮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間；并(bing)(bing)且在(zai)(zai)(zai)將來(lai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)走向科(ke)研、工(gong)作(zuo)崗位后(hou)(hou)，使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發工(gong)具可能(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)所不(bu)同。（4）課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)脫離工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)(shi)際：此(ci)(ci)(ci)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)先通(tong)過理(li)(li)論(lun)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)MATLAB仿真(zhen)軟(ruan)件(jian)上(shang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)模(mo)型驗(yan)證(zheng)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)完(wan)成課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)仍無法理(li)(li)解(jie)實(shi)(shi)際工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)是(shi)何種形式，其(qi)(qi)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)載體以(yi)及(ji)軟(ruan)件(jian)實(shi)(shi)現又是(shi)什么樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)并(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有(you)真(zhen)正打通(tong)理(li)(li)論(lun)和(he)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)這條(tiao)通(tong)路。（5）課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺乏(fa)交叉融合：眾(zhong)所周知(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)門交叉融合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合性學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路、模(mo)擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)類課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)本專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)控制(zhi)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)類課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業應用型課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。但是(shi)配套的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)并(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有(you)真(zhen)正實(shi)(shi)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)類課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)融合，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)(shi)施完(wan)后(hou)(hou)，并(bing)(bing)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)很(hen)好地掌握如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)元器件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)拓(tuo)撲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選取等內容(rong)。針對(dui)上(shang)述(shu)問題(ti)(ti)，為了適應工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)育認證(zheng)以(yi)及(ji)新工(gong)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)要(yao)(yao)求，加(jia)強學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)，以(yi)及(ji)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)其(qi)(qi)解(jie)決復(fu)雜工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，筆者提(ti)(ti)出了一(yi)(yi)些(xie)措施對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)改(gai)革。

三、教學改進措施

（一）教學組織的改革

傳統的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機調(diao)速與(yu)控制課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)施安排過于集中，且與(yu)日(ri)常(chang)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)相脫節(jie)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習理論(lun)知識后不(bu)(bu)能馬上通過實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)鞏固，不(bu)(bu)能較(jiao)好地達(da)到課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)應有的(de)(de)效果[6]。針對該問(wen)題(ti)，將課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)環節(jie)按(an)照工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)管理中的(de)(de)任務(wu)目(mu)標分解的(de)(de)方式，結(jie)(jie)合到理論(lun)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)作中。在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)開始時(shi)即布(bu)置總體設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)任務(wu)，并(bing)且在(zai)(zai)(zai)理論(lun)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)各個(ge)(ge)章(zhang)節(jie)講授中布(bu)置分解任務(wu)，如(ru)講授緒論(lun)，可(ke)讓學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)開展關于目(mu)前工(gong)(gong)業應用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機及(ji)其驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)調(diao)研，了(le)解關于驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)拓撲及(ji)功(gong)率(lv)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)型號、控制板和驅(qu)動(dong)板的(de)(de)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)選(xuan)型等(deng)方面內(nei)容；在(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)寬裕的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期(qi)(qi)安排中，可(ke)提前布(bu)置學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)熟悉相關的(de)(de)仿真軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)以(yi)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)；在(zai)(zai)(zai)講授第三章(zhang)關于轉速電(dian)(dian)(dian)流雙反饋電(dian)(dian)(dian)機調(diao)速系統時(shi)，布(bu)置的(de)(de)作業可(ke)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)要開展的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)題(ti)目(mu)結(jie)(jie)合，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)理論(lun)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習時(shi)可(ke)完成(cheng)參(can)數(shu)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算，減輕(qing)之(zhi)后的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作量。通過這(zhe)種(zhong)以(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習為中心全周期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)培養模式，既加深了(le)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)對理論(lun)知識與(yu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)關聯性，同時(shi)也(ye)使得(de)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)開展在(zai)(zai)(zai)相對輕(qing)松的(de)(de)氛圍下(xia)進行。

（二）課(ke)程設計題目的改革(ge)

在課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)題目(mu)的(de)(de)改革方(fang)面，經(jing)過(guo)高(gao)校教(jiao)師(shi)、企業(ye)專家共同(tong)參與的(de)(de)培(pei)養方(fang)案修訂研(yan)討(tao)會，將課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)名稱(cheng)變(bian)更(geng)為基于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)計(ji)軟(ruan)件(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)，并以學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)發展為中(zhong)心，設(she)計(ji)具(ju)有挑戰性的(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)和教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)內容，使實(shi)踐教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)內容與時俱進。課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)為中(zhong)小型直(zhi)(zhi)流、交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)設(she)計(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，通過(guo)設(she)計(ji)掌握中(zhong)小型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)方(fang)法及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)計(ji)軟(ruan)件(jian)的(de)(de)使用(yong)。在課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)對(dui)象電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)上，與實(shi)際工程(cheng)應用(yong)更(geng)加(jia)貼合，選取了工業(ye)制(zhi)造應用(yong)的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)參數(shu)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)，分析電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)的(de)(de)基本形式，完成(cheng)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)方(fang)案設(she)計(ji)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包括：主(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)拓撲(pu)、直(zhi)(zhi)流母線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級、整流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、斬波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、轉速/位置檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)等，并利用(yong)輔助設(she)計(ji)軟(ruan)件(jian)繪制(zhi)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)原(yuan)理(li)圖(tu)、布(bu)板，撰寫設(she)計(ji)總結報告(gao)(gao)。報告(gao)(gao)內容主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包括：設(she)計(ji)目(mu)的(de)(de)與要(yao)(yao)(yao)求、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)技術指標(biao)(biao)或設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)控制(zhi)方(fang)案、器件(jian)選型、硬件(jian)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)及(ji)有關(guan)參數(shu)計(ji)算(suan)、主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)參考資(zi)料及(ji)心得體會。差異(yi)化的(de)(de)課(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)題目(mu)，既(ji)可以讓學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)形成(cheng)分組討(tao)論，又(you)不容易(yi)陷入固(gu)有模式。

（三）開發性的設計工具

此前的(de)課程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)單(dan)一的(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)軟(ruan)件，原因是(shi)課程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)題目(mu)和教(jiao)學內容的(de)局限性。由(you)于改革了教(jiao)學目(mu)標和內容，學生(sheng)在(zai)課程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)實(shi)施過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)多種(zhong)工具，如參數(shu)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)與模型仿(fang)真(zhen)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)MATLAB，硬件電路(lu)原理(li)設(she)計(ji)(ji)與布(bu)板布(bu)線(xian)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)AltiumDesigner、Protel、KiCad等，在(zai)虛(xu)擬仿(fang)真(zhen)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)Protues，在(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)軟(ruan)件設(she)計(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)Keil、CCS等不同(tong)處理(li)器(qi)平臺(tai)的(de)開(kai)發環境。這種(zhong)開(kai)發的(de)方式，不強制(zhi)學生(sheng)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)何種(zhong)工具進行開(kai)發，可(ke)(ke)以激發學生(sheng)探索的(de)熱情，開(kai)展自主性深(shen)度學習，并(bing)投身到更具挑(tiao)戰性的(de)工程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)。

（四）與工(gong)程實(shi)踐(jian)接軌

課程(cheng)設計的(de)(de)改革(ge)在專業(ye)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，結合(he)新工(gong)(gong)科發(fa)展趨(qu)勢(shi)，注重學(xue)(xue)科交叉(cha)和綜合(he)性；在理論學(xue)(xue)習基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，加強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)生動手方面的(de)(de)訓(xun)練(lian)，增強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)生工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、成本和項目管(guan)理意識(shi)，提高學(xue)(xue)生解決復雜(za)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)問題的(de)(de)能(neng)力。例(li)如，通過(guo)課程(cheng)設計期望學(xue)(xue)生掌(zhang)握(wo)電機調(diao)速系統的(de)(de)功能(neng)需(xu)求、標準、電路設計與器件選型以及控制算法仿真和軟(ruan)件編(bian)寫；并熟悉項目開(kai)發(fa)的(de)(de)一般流程(cheng)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)文檔的(de)(de)編(bian)制。課程(cheng)設計不(bu)僅可以增強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)動手能(neng)力，也(ye)在一定程(cheng)度上(shang)增加了學(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)行業(ye)認知(zhi)，畢業(ye)后可更快地投入工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)。

（五）注重專業融合

課(ke)(ke)程設(she)計(ji)的改革(ge)，更(geng)加(jia)注重專業(ye)內的融合(he)[7]。如在(zai)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)調(diao)速系統拓撲的設(she)計(ji)上結合(he)了(le)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術課(ke)(ke)程中的PWM變換器與(yu)逆變器部分；在(zai)硬件設(she)計(ji)上結合(he)了(le)模擬電(dian)(dian)子(zi)線路與(yu)電(dian)(dian)路；在(zai)數字(zi)化(hua)控制技(ji)術方面，對于微處理的應(ying)用結合(he)了(le)數字(zi)電(dian)(dian)路與(yu)單片機(ji)(ji)應(ying)用技(ji)術；在(zai)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)控制軟件的實現(xian)上，結合(he)了(le)自動控制理論內容。通過一個完整的實踐訓(xun)練，學生能(neng)更(geng)加(jia)理解專業(ye)內課(ke)(ke)程的聯系以及(ji)其應(ying)用場合(he)，并且能(neng)夠以學習(xi)效果為中心(xin)，進行有(you)效檢驗(yan)與(yu)實施(shi)，并形成性教(jiao)學評價(jia)。

四、實施效果

本課程(cheng)設(she)(she)計(ji)從教學(xue)(xue)組織形式(shi)、教學(xue)(xue)目標(biao)、教學(xue)(xue)內容等方面進行(xing)了(le)改革，并從2018—2019學(xue)(xue)年起(qi)在電氣工(gong)程(cheng)及其自動化專(zhuan)業2016級兩個班進行(xing)了(le)試(shi)點(dian)，至今已開(kai)展(zhan)實施2年，學(xue)(xue)生的(de)評教有顯著提(ti)高，相應(ying)的(de)理論課程(cheng)的(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)效(xiao)果(guo)也有所提(ti)高，學(xue)(xue)生的(de)動手(shou)與工(gong)程(cheng)能力也明顯提(ti)升(sheng)，學(xue)(xue)生去往相應(ying)的(de)工(gong)作單位(wei)已初步具備行(xing)業認知，可以更快融入工(gong)作。圖1、圖2為學(xue)(xue)生開(kai)展(zhan)課程(cheng)設(she)(she)計(ji)提(ti)交的(de)PCB設(she)(she)計(ji)圖與硬(ying)件設(she)(she)計(ji)原(yuan)理圖。

五、持續改進