博(bo)士(shi)論(lun)文的(de)寫作，實際上是攻讀博(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)位課程的(de)深入(ru)，是一種更高層次的(de)學(xue)(xue)術訓(xun)練。在高校(xiao)經受專門學(xue)(xue)術訓(xun)練的(de)莘莘學(xue)(xue)子(zi)們，往往借助學(xue)(xue)位論(lun)文凝(ning)聚并展示其多年孜(zi)孜(zi)求學(xue)(xue)付(fu)出的(de)心血。博(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)位論(lun)文的(de)學(xue)(xue)術水平總體而言是比(bi)較高的(de)，它們構成了一國

學(xue)術成(cheng)果(guo)的重要部(bu)分。

北京大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)一位教授在談及博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)論(lun)文寫(xie)作(zuo)時，曾把(ba)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)文比之(zhi)為一個標(biao)竿。博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)論(lun)文對寫(xie)作(zuo)者(zhe)而(er)言，真(zhen)好像是(shi)一個標(biao)竿，倘若(ruo)跳(tiao)不(bu)過或勉強過關，只能說明(ming)寫(xie)作(zuo)者(zhe)的(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)問還沒有做(zuo)好，功夫不(bu)夠扎實，還沒有資(zi)格(ge)戴上博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)帽(mao)。經濟(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)文也是(shi)如(ru)此，合(he)格(ge)的(de)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)文，可以(yi)說是(shi)寫(xie)作(zuo)者(zhe)跨(kua)過標(biao)竿，進入了經濟(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術殿堂。

筆者不(bu)揣淺陋，擬在(zai)已有(you)(you)研究成果(guo)的基(ji)礎上(shang)，結合經濟學專業，對博(bo)士論文寫(xie)作(zuo)中的幾個(ge)有(you)(you)關問題談點認識(shi)體會。

論(lun)文(wen)選題：重要(yao)的起點

博士論文同寫作別類文章(zhang)不一樣(yang)，首先要選擇好適合于作為博士論文的(de)題(ti)目。在(zai)(zai)許(xu)多博士生導師(shi)來看，論文選題(ti)是“重(zhong)要的(de)起點”，博士生們在(zai)(zai)確定選題(ti)時應(ying)特別注(zhu)意：

一、什么是學位論(lun)文？

學(xue)位論(lun)文是高等(deng)院(yuan)校畢業生用以申請授予相應學(xue)位而提出作為考核(he)和評審的文章。學(xue)位論(lun)文分為學(xue)士、碩士、博士三(san)個等(deng)級。

1、學士論文：

學(xue)士(shi)論(lun)文是合(he)格的(de)(de)(de)本(ben)科(ke)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生撰寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)論(lun)文。畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)論(lun)文應(ying)反映(ying)出作者能夠(gou)準(zhun)確地掌(zhang)握大學(xue)階段(duan)所學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)基(ji)礎知識，基(ji)本(ben)學(xue)會綜合(he)運用所學(xue)知識進行科(ke)學(xue)研究的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，對所研究的(de)(de)(de)題(ti)目(mu)有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)得體會，論(lun)文題(ti)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)范圍不宜過寬，一(yi)般選(xuan)擇(ze)本(ben)學(xue)科(ke)某一(yi)重(zhong)要問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)側面或(huo)一(yi)個(ge)難點(dian)，選(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)目(mu)還應(ying)避免過小、過舊(jiu)和過長。

2、碩士論文：

碩(shuo)士論(lun)文(wen)(wen)是攻讀碩(shuo)士學位研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)生所撰寫的論(lun)文(wen)(wen)。它應能(neng)反映(ying)出作(zuo)者廣泛而(er)深入地掌握(wo)專業基礎知識，具有(you)(you)(you)獨(du)立進行科研(yan)的能(neng)力(li)，對所研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)的題目有(you)(you)(you)新的獨(du)立見解，論(lun)文(wen)(wen)具有(you)(you)(you)一定的深度和較好的科學價值(zhi)，對本專業學術(shu)水平的提高有(you)(you)(you)積極作(zuo)用。

研究生培養的使命

（1）一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模和良好(hao)的(de)(de)結構比(bi)例(li)。盡管學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)有(you)很多困難，特(te)(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)空間(jian)困難，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)，研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模不僅不能(neng)縮(suo)小，而且應該盡一(yi)(yi)切可(ke)能(neng)適當擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)，特(te)(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免推研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術型(xing)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模與(yu)比(bi)例(li)。博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免推研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術型(xing)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不僅能(neng)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，而且是(shi)(shi)(shi)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)力量(liang)(liang)。（2）全國(guo)(guo)百篇(pian)優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)市優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)。全國(guo)(guo)百篇(pian)優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)(liang)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)志(zhi)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)市優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)評選雖然(ran)起步較晚，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)程(cheng)序規(gui)(gui)范，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)標(biao)準高(gao)，競爭(zheng)激烈，是(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)百篇(pian)優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)預選賽。作(zuo)為(wei)從(cong)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教育(yu)(yu)起家、以培(pei)養研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特(te)(te)(te)色的(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)）必須長期(qi)不懈地(di)(di)重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)百篇(pian)優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)市優(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)，這(zhe)既是(shi)(shi)(shi)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)志(zhi)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)養“杰出(chu)(chu)(chu)青年基金”獲(huo)得者的(de)(de)前奏。（3）SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)與(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)（影響因子和引用率）。盡管對SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)有(you)不同的(de)(de)看(kan)法，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)）現在依然(ran)沒有(you)超(chao)越(yue)SCI階段。為(wei)了(le)提(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)核心競爭(zheng)力，必須下大(da)(da)(da)力氣(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)和質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。當每個研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)可(ke)以發(fa)(fa)(fa)表高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時，我們才有(you)資格(ge)討(tao)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)目前依然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人才培(pei)養、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科建設、研究(jiu)(jiu)團隊建設、科研成果評獎的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)基礎。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)）不能(neng)再(zai)走僅重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)數量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)老(lao)路(lu)，而要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)更加重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，催生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)影響因子SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)，才能(neng)后來居上，實現跨(kua)越(yue)式發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。（4）發(fa)(fa)(fa)明專利(li)數量(liang)(liang)與(yu)轉化(hua)率。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)）有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)數量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)工科研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，除了(le)鼓勵研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)外，還(huan)應鼓勵研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多獲(huo)得國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)(fa)(fa)明專利(li)，特(te)(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)有(you)廣闊(kuo)市場(chang)前景(jing)、易于轉化(hua)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明專利(li)。（5）國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化(hua)程(cheng)度與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)。研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化(hua)不僅有(you)利(li)于提(ti)高(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)培(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化(hua)視(shi)野，而且為(wei)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)影響提(ti)供了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)平(ping)臺，也(ye)會大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)促進學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)科研水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)上臺階。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)）要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)實現地(di)(di)球科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領域世(shi)界一(yi)(yi)流大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)長遠辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)目標(biao)，提(ti)高(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化(hua)程(cheng)度和國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)是(shi)(shi)(shi)必由之路(lu)。

研究生(sheng)培養面臨的(de)挑戰

遙想當(dang)年(nian)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北京(jing)(jing)(jing)）在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)獨領(ling)風(feng)騷，成為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育戰(zhan)線一(yi)(yi)道亮(liang)麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)景。近(jin)(jin)年(nian)來(lai)雖(sui)然(ran)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校發展很(hen)快(kuai)，但研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)出(chu)現(xian)了新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難，面(mian)臨(lin)著(zhu)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰(zhan)，主要(yao)表現(xian)在(zai)下列(lie)幾個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)。（1）師(shi)(shi)(shi)資力(li)(li)量有(you)(you)(you)限(xian)，每(mei)(mei)個(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)偏(pian)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)專任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)866人(ren)(ren)(ren)，其中(zhong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職稱教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)191人(ren)(ren)(ren)，副(fu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職稱269人(ren)(ren)(ren)。2012年(nian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校實(shi)(shi)(shi)際報(bao)到(dao)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)1743人(ren)(ren)(ren)，博士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)377人(ren)(ren)(ren)。如果這些(xie)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)部(bu)(bu)由學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)指導，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職稱教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)均每(mei)(mei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)指導2名(ming)博士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)、副(fu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)均每(mei)(mei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)指導3.8名(ming)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。按研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)時間為(wei)3年(nian)計算，每(mei)(mei)個(ge)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職稱教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)均指導6名(ming)博士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和11.4名(ming)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。相對(dui)于師(shi)(shi)(shi)資力(li)(li)量來(lai)說(shuo)，我(wo)校研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模偏(pian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，每(mei)(mei)個(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)指導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)太多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)，特(te)別是傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)優(you)勢(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)每(mei)(mei)個(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)太多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)，負擔太重，壓力(li)(li)過大(da)(da)(da)(da)，疲于奔命，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅影響了指導教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身心(xin)健(jian)康，影響了研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，也(ye)(ye)使學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校一(yi)(yi)些(xie)管理政策失靈(ling)。（2）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量有(you)(you)(you)待改(gai)(gai)善，非(fei)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)偏(pian)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)就(jiu)(jiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)就(jiu)(jiu)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本規(gui)律，即學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)么選(xuan)(xuan)擇自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校，要(yao)么選(xuan)(xuan)擇比(bi)自(zi)(zi)己學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校聲(sheng)望(wang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)單(dan)位(wei)，很(hen)少(shao)(shao)有(you)(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)選(xuan)(xuan)擇比(bi)自(zi)(zi)己學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校聲(sheng)望(wang)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)單(dan)位(wei)讀(du)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。30多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)前，由于各(ge)種(zhong)原因，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北京(jing)(jing)(jing)）是地(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首選(xuan)(xuan)之地(di)(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)光長春地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院、成都地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院、河北地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院、西安地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)青睞中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北京(jing)(jing)(jing)），而且北京(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、浙(zhe)(zhe)江大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、中(zhong)山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)紛紛加盟。加上當(dang)時招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數很(hen)少(shao)(shao)，招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優(you)中(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)優(you)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)很(hen)好。經過30年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇范圍越來(lai)越大(da)(da)(da)(da)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)就(jiu)(jiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)就(jiu)(jiu)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象越來(lai)越明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)。近(jin)(jin)幾年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北京(jing)(jing)(jing)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)幾乎見不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)北京(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、西北大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、浙(zhe)(zhe)江大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和中(zhong)山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，由于就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導向作用，近(jin)(jin)年(nian)我(wo)校傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)優(you)勢(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)比(bi)例明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)下降，跨專業(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比(bi)例明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，非(fei)優(you)勢(shi)專業(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比(bi)例增長過猛，導致研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)效率下降。跨專業(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成才(cai)(cai)率太低，對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻率不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，非(fei)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)優(you)勢(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻率也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。（3）培(pei)(pei)養(yang)環節(jie)需要(yao)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)改(gai)(gai)善。目前中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北京(jing)(jing)(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)在(zai)課程教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成果產(chan)出(chu)與(yu)轉化(hua)(hua)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)管理都比(bi)較粗放(fang)，體(ti)現(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意志(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)，需要(yao)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)改(gai)(gai)善。（4）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)長期與(yu)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀器(qi)脫鉤(gou)，導致動手能力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)強，發展后勁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足。這個(ge)問題(ti)其實(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)可(ke)以歸結到(dao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)環節(jie)中(zhong)。之所以將這個(ge)問題(ti)單(dan)獨拿出(chu)來(lai)，是因為(wei)這個(ge)問題(ti)太突出(chu)了。留學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)表明(ming)(ming)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)書(shu)本知(zhi)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)能力(li)(li)絕不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)比(bi)外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)差(cha)，直到(dao)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)階(jie)段都不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)輸給外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，但在(zai)博士(shi)(shi)(shi)階(jie)段實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室動手能力(li)(li)普(pu)遍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。這與(yu)我(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)長期與(yu)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀器(qi)脫鉤(gou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)無(wu)關(guan)系。（5）鼓勵創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)、拔尖(jian)(jian)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)脫穎(ying)而出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策體(ti)系不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)完善，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)政策執(zhi)行不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)位(wei)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)鍋飯(fan)現(xian)象盛行，耗(hao)費了學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校大(da)(da)(da)(da)量優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，影響了拔尖(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)和標(biao)志(zhi)性成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)出(chu)。（6）國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)程度與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)水(shui)平(ping)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，主體(ti)限(xian)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際交流，但規(gui)模不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，水(shui)平(ping)也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)限(xian)。（7）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)為(wei)按部(bu)(bu)就(jiu)(jiu)班的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務，創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)，特(te)別是對(dui)全(quan)局具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)動作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。

研究生培養的出路

1.加(jia)長(chang)板凳，利用(yong)(yong)社(she)(she)會(hui)力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)盡(jin)(jin)管(guan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)面(mian)臨很(hen)多(duo)困難和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)挑戰，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)空間和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難。但(dan)(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)長(chang)遠利益出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)縮小，而(er)(er)且(qie)應(ying)該(gai)盡(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)適當擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)博(bo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免推(tui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)型碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)比例(li)(li)(li)。為(wei)了解(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)短(duan)缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)(xia)，只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)采(cai)取(qu)利用(yong)(yong)社(she)(she)會(hui)力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)彌補(bu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)聘請與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)吸納中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)(diao)查局、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)(diao)查局大(da)(da)(da)(da)區研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)所(suo)及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)調(diao)(diao)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)局（廳）、各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)(diao)查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)博(bo)物館(guan)、石油公(gong)司、油田、礦(kuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公(gong)司等單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)。近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、礦(kuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、石油、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、環(huan)境(jing)等市(shi)(shi)場持(chi)(chi)(chi)續火(huo)爆，經(jing)費充足，而(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)力(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)緊(jin)張(zhang)，對(dui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)這(zhe)(zhe)種人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)力(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)需求很(hen)旺，而(er)(er)且(qie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)批專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)帶(dai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)情(qing)(qing)。這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，會(hui)允許甚至鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)本(ben)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)報考(kao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，可(ke)(ke)明(ming)顯擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)脈。來(lai)(lai)(lai)自一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員產(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)SCI論文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概率不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)(dan)(dan)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)做論文(wen)(wen)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)解(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)問(wen)題，少(shao)占學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。這(zhe)(zhe)項(xiang)(xiang)措施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)，會(hui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)緩解(jie)(jie)(jie)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負擔(dan)過(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，也(ye)會(hui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)泛聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)。這(zhe)(zhe)項(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注意(yi)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)三個方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)從(cong)(cong)(cong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)上(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)證免推(tui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)流(liu)(liu)失；二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遴(lin)選(xuan)(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)透明(ming)，既(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)，又要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，以(yi)此(ci)保(bao)證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲譽；三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)雙(shuang)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)日常行(xing)為(wei)，使(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)歸屬(shu)感(gan)。2.提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，改(gai)善研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)構改(gai)善和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)減(jian)少(shao)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錄(lu)取(qu)比例(li)(li)(li)，調(diao)(diao)整研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)構。解(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)可(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)下(xia)(xia)(xia)列幾條(tiao)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)確(que)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)極強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)密切相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)，積(ji)(ji)極鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)交(jiao)叉，但(dan)(dan)(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)主(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)(du)(du)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報考(kao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)密切相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)考(kao)試(shi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)增加(jia)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)；三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按照導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)規(gui)模(mo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)限(xian)(xian)制一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)簡章中(zhong)(zhong)明(ming)確(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)限(xian)(xian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)；四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隱性(xing)(xing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)(men)檻；五是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)面(mian)試(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)復試(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淘汰率。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)措施(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)構，減(jian)少(shao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)(du)(du)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)(li)(li)。當然(ran)，優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)很(hen)好把握的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個問(wen)題。3.進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)（1）課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)：適當減(jian)少(shao)必(bi)(bi)修課(ke)(ke)(ke)比例(li)(li)(li)，增加(jia)選(xuan)(xuan)修課(ke)(ke)(ke)比例(li)(li)(li)；增加(jia)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)類(lei)別，減(jian)少(shao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)門(men)(men)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)時(shi)數(shu)；讓(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇機(ji)會(hui)。課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義不(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)干什(shen)么和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)怎么干，而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如何學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)這(zhe)(zhe)門(men)(men)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)解(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。（2）招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)：積(ji)(ji)極推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)按一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)級學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，既(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮壓縮研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)時(shi)，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)影響研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)讓(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)門(men)(men)走出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)社(she)(she)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)立(li)(li)(li)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)藝和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)本(ben)領(ling)。（3）增加(jia)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)增加(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經(jing)費支持(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。將(jiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經(jing)費和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)掛鉤(gou)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評選(xuan)(xuan)活動(dong)(dong)，引導(dao)(dao)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)。（4）密切研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，讓(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)從(cong)(cong)(cong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、采(cai)樣、測試(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)測試(shi)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)解(jie)(jie)(jie)釋(shi)都自己動(dong)(dong)手(shou)(shou)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)動(dong)(dong)手(shou)(shou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)(lai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。（5）在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“產(chan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”、“研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)聯合(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，爭(zheng)取(qu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)“卓越工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)計(ji)劃”，從(cong)(cong)(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)層面(mian)獲(huo)得(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)(chi)(chi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企事業(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)密切的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)(shang)解(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)短(duan)缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀。（6）充分(fen)(fen)發(fa)揮“雙(shuang)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制”在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，取(qu)得(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)雙(shuang)豐收。“雙(shuang)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制”有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩種類(lei)型。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內正(zheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)副(fu)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)拉近研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離。另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)正(zheng)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內副(fu)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，使(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)歸屬(shu)感(gan)。（7）狠(hen)抓高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)性(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)依然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)。SCI論文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、發(fa)明(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利依然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)最(zui)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)盡(jin)(jin)早進(jin)(jin)(jin)入科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)增長(chang)才(cai)(cai)干，根據自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)僅(jin)僅(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)拿學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)段，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)將(jiang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)割裂開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)。（8）改(gai)革(ge)(ge)“全(quan)(quan)日制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)”培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案，使(shi)(shi)之與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)型研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)區別，更加(jia)側重(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)。可(ke)(ke)嘗試(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)“全(quan)(quan)日制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)修拿學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)線（時(shi)間先后(hou)可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)整）；不(bu)(bu)(bu)做論文(wen)(wen)，只做設計(ji)；由實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)共同(tong)(tong)(tong)考(kao)核等做法(fa)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先行(xing)試(shi)點，取(qu)得(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗，然(ran)后(hou)推(tui)廣(guang)。4.鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型拔(ba)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)脫穎(ying)而(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)平(ping)均(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)義不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)白(bai)浪費。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，必(bi)(bi)須堅持(chi)(chi)(chi)“效(xiao)(xiao)益優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)先，兼顧(gu)公(gong)平(ping)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則，鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)冒(mao)(mao)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)，讓(rang)冒(mao)(mao)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)者(zhe)得(de)(de)(de)到更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)惠與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，讓(rang)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都安于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，樂于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冒(mao)(mao)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冒(mao)(mao)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)。圍繞創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)冒(mao)(mao)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)組(zu)織和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)分(fen)(fen)配資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)列幾項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)常抓不(bu)(bu)(bu)懈：實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)“全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)論文(wen)(wen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)論文(wen)(wen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”，出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)臺碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)-博(bo)連讀研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)激(ji)勵(li)、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)措施(shi)(shi)，本(ben)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)連讀研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)激(ji)勵(li)、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)措施(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型拔(ba)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)措施(shi)(shi)，包括拔(ba)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前破格留(liu)(liu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，形成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個沖擊(ji)“全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)論文(wen)(wen)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)論文(wen)(wen)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群體，備戰“杰出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)青(qing)年(nian)基金(jin)”，為(wei)未來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)士(shi)儲備人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)統籌資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)扶持(chi)(chi)(chi)力(li)(li)度(du)(du)(du)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)拔(ba)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，給優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)會(hui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)性(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。根本(ben)不(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擔(dan)心(xin)(xin)派出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)回(hui)來(lai)(lai)(lai)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)放(fang)初期選(xuan)(xuan)派留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)功經(jing)驗就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例(li)(li)(li)證。應(ying)該(gai)像愛護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野山參(can)苗子(zi)(zi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣愛護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)拔(ba)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗子(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗子(zi)(zi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太難得(de)(de)(de)了，簡直(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)遇而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)求。所(suo)以(yi)，應(ying)該(gai)聚全(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)之力(li)(li)，像重(zhong)(zhong)視培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)“杰青(qing)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)士(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣重(zhong)(zhong)視培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)“百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)論文(wen)(wen)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)論文(wen)(wen)”獲(huo)得(de)(de)(de)者(zhe)。“百(bai)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“杰青(qing)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗子(zi)(zi)。另外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)，對(dui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別對(dui)待(dai)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)投入，讓(rang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)益，為(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)做出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)更大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。還要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)以(yi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)計(ji)算(suan)向(xiang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)、以(yi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)計(ji)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)轉變，讓(rang)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)心(xin)(xin)自身利益出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)來(lai)(lai)(lai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)心(xin)(xin)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。5.國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平(ping)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)接受國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)(li)(li)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平(ping)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)自己所(suo)從(cong)(cong)(cong)事研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)接受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)并聯合(he)(he)發(fa)表(biao)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)途徑(jing)或者(zhe)說是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)必(bi)(bi)由之路(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)下(xia)(xia)(xia)列途徑(jing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)課(ke)(ke)(ke)率和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)率：（1）加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)公(gong)派留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)；（2）資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)；（3）舉辦國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)論壇(tan)（如中(zhong)(zhong)日韓研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)論壇(tan)）；（4）與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)復合(he)(he)型人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)；（5）系(xi)(xi)(xi)統開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)辦研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)名師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)講堂，將(jiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)納入課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)基金(jin)委項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)自主(zhu)(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)力(li)(li)度(du)(du)(du)，設立(li)(li)(li)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)基金(jin)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)部分(fen)(fen)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)勢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)點學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)吸引國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)來(lai)(lai)(lai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，探索與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)著名高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)聯合(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)授予工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型復合(he)(he)型人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)水平(ping)，而(er)(er)且(qie)，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)務國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)市(shi)(shi)場、培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)世界公(gong)民具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)義。目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前對(dui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)(xing)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)(xing)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)(shang)放(fang)任自流(liu)(liu)，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)重(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)理(li)(li)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壓力(li)(li)大(da)(da)(da)(da)時(shi)希(xi)望把能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)干的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)留(liu)(liu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)來(lai)(lai)(lai)干項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)深造。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)，更要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)上(shang)(shang)(shang)調(diao)(diao)動(dong)(dong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)幫助(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)(xing)，對(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)層次(ci)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗子(zi)(zi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非常規(gui)干預。6.研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)把研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)當做科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)范圍內緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)立(li)(li)(li)項(xiang)(xiang)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)深入細致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，找出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)規(gui)律，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)(xiao)率。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)舞臺上(shang)(shang)(shang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲音，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)早試(shi)辦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)33所(suo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至少(shao)應(ying)該(gai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某(mou)些(xie)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)樹(shu)，做出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)特色。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)遵(zun)循規(gui)律，而(er)(er)且(qie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根據自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)總結(jie)(jie)規(gui)律。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)風建(jian)(jian)設，對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將(jiang)重(zhong)(zhong)拳出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)擊(ji)，絕(jue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)手(shou)(shou)軟。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)）目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前正(zheng)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)艱苦卓絕(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奮斗(dou)期，不(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)則退，退則死(si)路(lu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)。對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)風不(bu)(bu)(bu)端、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)造假會(hui)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)壓死(si)駱(luo)駝(tuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根稻草，會(hui)讓(rang)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們前功盡(jin)(jin)棄，會(hui)讓(rang)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們二(er)次(ci)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)希(xi)望和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)泡影。全(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)像愛護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眼睛一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣珍惜我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)聲譽。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切圍繞提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，注重(zhong)(zhong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)性(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)核心(xin)(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)督導(dao)(dao)員隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)建(jian)(jian)設，發(fa)揮離退休教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監控力(li)(li)度(du)(du)(du)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)士(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遴(lin)選(xuan)(xuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前留(liu)(liu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)制度(du)(du)(du)建(jian)(jian)設和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)評優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員評優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)辦法(fa)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)訣在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)服(fu)務、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)騰。服(fu)務在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堅持(chi)(chi)(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則性(xing)(xing)，創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利用(yong)(yong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活性(xing)(xing)，讓(rang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)服(fu)務于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)騰就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊重(zhong)(zhong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)率，不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)騰研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)騰指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)老師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)騰研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員，營(ying)造和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)諧向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)理(li)(li)環(huan)境(jing)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)）正(zheng)站在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)起(qi)點上(shang)(shang)(shang)，迎來(lai)(lai)(lai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)遇。這(zhe)(zhe)種機(ji)遇稍(shao)縱即(ji)逝。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)次(ci)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)肩負著重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)使(shi)(shi)命(ming)，時(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)待(dai)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們則需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)盡(jin)(jin)快行(xing)動(dong)(dong)起(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)拓創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，制定(ding)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)條(tiao)例(li)(li)(li)并盡(jin)(jin)快試(shi)行(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)充完(wan)善。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)執行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)、公(gong)正(zheng)、公(gong)平(ping)、透明(ming)、合(he)(he)理(li)(li)，保(bao)證政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)條(tiao)例(li)(li)(li)足額(e)到位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，發(fa)揮效(xiao)(xiao)益，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，服(fu)務于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)核心(xin)(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。

關(guan)于美(mei)國(guo)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)培養史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)專業研(yan)(yan)究生(sheng)的情(qing)況，其(qi)實是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)相(xiang)當(dang)難(nan)寫的題目。因為美(mei)國(guo)有幾千(qian)所大學(xue)(xue)(xue)，能(neng)授(shou)予(yu)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)博士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)的至少(shao)上(shang)百，能(neng)授(shou)予(yu)碩士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)的更是(shi)數不(bu)(bu)勝數，雖然(ran)研(yan)(yan)究生(sheng)訓(xun)練的過程大致相(xiang)同，但全國(guo)并無統一(yi)的規則，一(yi)概而論顯然(ran)不(bu)(bu)合適。此外(wai)，我雖然(ran)先(xian)后在美(mei)國(guo)東(dong)西部5所大學(xue)(xue)(xue)的歷(li)史(shi)系（所）或(huo)讀學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)或(huo)做研(yan)(yan)究或(huo)當(dang)教(jiao)授(shou)，但我的觀察和經(jing)歷(li)畢(bi)竟有限，加上(shang)我學(xue)(xue)(xue)的和教(jiao)的是(shi)美(mei)國(guo)史(shi)，對歷(li)史(shi)系其(qi)他專業的情(qing)況并不(bu)(bu)了解，以(yi)偏概全更可能(neng)造成誤(wu)導(dao)。因此我希望事先(xian)提醒讀者(zhe)，本文最多只(zhi)能(neng)算是(shi)一(yi)種從個(ge)人經(jing)歷(li)的角(jiao)度對美(mei)國(guo)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究生(sheng)培養過程的描(miao)述(shu)和觀察。

與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)有(you)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)與(yu)博(bo)士(shi)兩種學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)之分。從(cong)(cong)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)模式來看，兩者沒(mei)(mei)有(you)特別大(da)的(de)(de)(de)區別，不同的(de)(de)(de)是，在(zai)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)，博(bo)士(shi)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)的(de)(de)(de)過程更長，工作量更大(da)，要(yao)求也(ye)(ye)更高(gao)。有(you)人將“Ph.D.”戲稱為(wei)(wei)“PiledhigherandDeeper”（“壘得更高(gao)、專(zhuan)得更深”）不是完(wan)全沒(mei)(mei)有(you)道(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)。就(jiu)讀學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)而言(yan)，碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在(zai)兩年內可以完(wan)成(cheng)，博(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)成(cheng)則至(zhi)(zhi)少需要(yao)5－7年，有(you)時(shi)甚至(zhi)(zhi)更長。與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內的(de)(de)(de)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)博(bo)士(shi)培(pei)(pei)養時(shi)間(jian)(jian)相比，美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)至(zhi)(zhi)少短一(yi)(yi)(yi)年，而博(bo)士(shi)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)則要(yao)比國(guo)(guo)(guo)內長一(yi)(yi)(yi)倍以上。就(jiu)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)目的(de)(de)(de)而言(yan)，美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)基本(ben)(ben)上是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)業知識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)進修學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)，強調學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)在(zai)某一(yi)(yi)(yi)領(ling)域內史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)知識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)積累(lei)和(he)(he)熟練(lian)，培(pei)(pei)養學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)從(cong)(cong)事有(you)限規模的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)能力。博(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)以培(pei)(pei)養大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)師和(he)(he)專(zhuan)業史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家(jia)為(wei)(wei)目標，課(ke)程訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)更長（如從(cong)(cong)本(ben)(ben)科直接讀博(bo)士(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般要(yao)選(xuan)3年的(de)(de)(de)課(ke)），外(wai)語要(yao)求更高(gao)（至(zhi)(zhi)少兩門），選(xuan)課(ke)結束后，要(yao)通過資格(ge)考試，然后才(cai)能開始寫(xie)論文。理論上，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)士(shi)不僅要(yao)系統、全面(mian)和(he)(he)有(you)深度(du)地了解本(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)業的(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)(shi)，了解本(ben)(ben)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)前沿研(yan)究，還(huan)要(yao)擁有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)相當廣(guang)闊的(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)(shi)面(mian)。與(yu)此同時(shi)，他還(huan)必(bi)須(xu)具備(bei)獨(du)立進行原創(chuang)性(xing)史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)能力。同是學(xue)(xue)(xue)習美國(guo)(guo)(guo)史(shi)，博(bo)士(shi)生(sheng)所接受的(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)(shi)面(mian)和(he)(he)研(yan)究能力的(de)(de)(de)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)在(zai)深度(du)和(he)(he)廣(guang)度(du)上要(yao)非常明顯地遠遠超過碩(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)生(sheng)。

史學(xue)博(bo)士研究(jiu)生(sheng)的(de)訓練(lian)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包括(kuo)這樣幾(ji)個過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：（1）申請(qing)與錄(lu)取；（2）課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)訓練(lian)；（3）學(xue)位候(hou)選人資格考試；（4）論(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)寫作與答辯；（5）獲取就業和(he)出版(ban)博(bo)士論(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)機會。嚴格地說(shuo)，最(zui)后一(yi)項(xiang)不(bu)應算在研究(jiu)生(sheng)的(de)培(pei)養過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之中，但(dan)研究(jiu)生(sheng)畢(bi)業后能(neng)否(fou)找到(dao)稱心如(ru)意、學(xue)以(yi)致用(yong)的(de)工作，博(bo)士論(lun)文(wen)(wen)能(neng)否(fou)最(zui)終得(de)以(yi)出版(ban)，出版(ban)后能(neng)否(fou)得(de)到(dao)學(xue)術界的(de)認可，都(dou)是(shi)很重要的(de)問題，與學(xue)生(sheng)、導師、系(xi)(xi)和(he)學(xue)校都(dou)有關系(xi)(xi)，直接關系(xi)(xi)到(dao)系(xi)(xi)研究(jiu)生(sheng)培(pei)訓項(xiang)目的(de)質量和(he)名聲。限(xian)于篇幅，我在此(ci)只討論(lun)前面(mian)四(si)個過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)內容，并以(yi)博(bo)士生(sheng)的(de)培(pei)養過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為主(zhu)。

一、申請與錄取

在美(mei)國(guo)申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)讀史學研究(jiu)生，手續和(he)(he)過程要(yao)比國(guo)內(nei)(nei)簡(jian)(jian)單。除GRE外(wai)(wai)，無(wu)需經(jing)過其他形(xing)式的(de)(de)全國(guo)性考(kao)試。選擇專業和(he)(he)學校的(de)(de)自由度(du)也(ye)比較大，只要(yao)不(bu)惜報(bao)名費(fei)，一個人(ren)可同(tong)時申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)多所大學。按(an)時將要(yao)求的(de)(de)材(cai)料寄(ji)達(da)學校，申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)過程就算完成(cheng)。近年來網絡的(de)(de)發展更加簡(jian)(jian)化了申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)手續。申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)材(cai)料包括(kuo)申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)表、本科學歷的(de)(de)成(cheng)績(ji)單、碩士學歷證(zheng)書(shu)和(he)(he)成(cheng)績(ji)單、GRE成(cheng)績(ji)和(he)(he)推薦(jian)信(xin)（3封）。母(mu)語(yu)不(bu)是英語(yu)的(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)國(guo)人(ren)要(yao)寄(ji)TOEFL成(cheng)績(ji)。個別學校要(yao)求附上寫作(zuo)樣(yang)本。與國(guo)內(nei)(nei)報(bao)考(kao)研究(jiu)生相比，申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)材(cai)料要(yao)多一些，但這些材(cai)料可從不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)角度(du)反映申(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)人(ren)的(de)(de)教育經(jing)歷、專業基礎、綜合素質和(he)(he)接(jie)受(shou)深造(zao)的(de)(de)潛力。

申請(qing)(qing)材料(liao)到齊后，先經研(yan)究生院(yuan)初審，合格者轉至歷史系，由歷史系的(de)(de)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)委員(yuan)會(hui)來做(zuo)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)決定。錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)委員(yuan)會(hui)由本(ben)系教授輪(lun)流組成，其職責是(shi)負責閱(yue)讀每位申請(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)材料(liao)，逐(zhu)個討論(lun)(lun)，決定一個初步(bu)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)名單。錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)決定以集體討論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)方式做(zuo)出，不存在一個人(ren)(ren)說了(le)算(suan)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。如(ru)遇有(you)爭議的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)選，則通過投票來裁(cai)決。初步(bu)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)名單確定之后，有(you)的(de)(de)學校會(hui)邀請(qing)(qing)申請(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)到學校面試(shi)，然后再做(zuo)出正式錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)決定。接到錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)通知后，申請(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)有(you)2－4個星期的(de)(de)時間決定是(shi)否接受錄(lu)(lu)(lu)取(qu)(qu)。

學術論文(wen)(wen)或稱為(wei)學術論文(wen)(wen)，簡稱為(wei)論文(wen)(wen)。凡以(yi)科(ke)學、技術為(wei)內(nei)容，運(yun)用(yong)概念、判斷、證明(ming)和反駁等邏輯(ji)思維手段，進行分析、闡明(ming)自然科(ke)學的(de)原(yuan)理、定(ding)律和科(ke)學技術研究中的(de)各(ge)種問題及(ji)成果的(de)文(wen)(wen)章(zhang)，都屬(shu)于學術論文(wen)(wen)的(de)范疇。

學(xue)(xue)術論(lun)文是一(yi)種具(ju)創新性的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)研究成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)錄(lu)，是進(jin)行成(cheng)果(guo)推(tui)廣和交(jiao)流的(de)(de)(de)手段也是考核(he)科(ke)技人員業務能(neng)力和學(xue)(xue)術水平的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要指標(biao)。它是人類知識寶(bao)庫的(de)(de)(de)基本單(dan)元，或為(wei)人類精(jing)神(shen)財富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部份，并能(neng)為(wei)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)界有效地利用，對經(jing)濟建設和社會進(jin)步起推(tui)動(dong)作用。

一(yi)、學術論文的分類

學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術論(lun)(lun)文包括學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)論(lun)(lun)文。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)論(lun)(lun)文是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)申(shen)請(qing)者為(wei)申(shen)請(qing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)而提出的(de)論(lun)(lun)文。這(zhe)種論(lun)(lun)文是考核申(shen)請(qing)者能(neng)否授予(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)的(de)重要(yao)依(yi)據，可分為(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文、碩士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文及博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文等三種，其(qi)水(shui)平由(you)淺而深。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)達到(dao)具有從(cong)事科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)或(huo)擔負(fu)專業技(ji)術工(gong)作的(de)初步能(neng)力(li)；碩士(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)達到(dao)具有獨立從(cong)事科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)工(gong)作的(de)初步能(neng)力(li)；博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)則要(yao)求(qiu)達到(dao)具有獨立從(cong)事科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)工(gong)作的(de)能(neng)力(li)和在(zai)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或(huo)專門技(ji)術上做出創造性的(de)成(cheng)果。由(you)字(zi)數來看(kan)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文約(yue)一萬(wan)字(zi)，碩士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文約(yue)五萬(wan)字(zi)，博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文則在(zai)五萬(wan)字(zi)以上，有時多達十至(zhi)廿(nian)萬(wan)字(zi)。茲分述如下：(一)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)本科(ke)(ke)畢業生(sheng)運用在(zai)校期間學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)得(de)的(de)基(ji)礎理論(lun)(lun)和專業知(zhi)識，進行分析(xi)、解(jie)決某一不太復雜的(de)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)課題所寫的(de)畢業論(lun)(lun)文，順利通(tong)過簽(qian)辨者，均可授予(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)。其(qi)條(tiao)件如下：

1.能(neng)夠較好地掌握本門學科的基(ji)礎(chu)理論(lun)、專(zhuan)門知識和基(ji)本技(ji)能(neng)。

2.具有從(cong)事科(ke)學研究工(gong)作或(huo)擔負(fu)專門技術工(gong)作的初步能力。

一、新(xin)聞傳播(bo)學博(bo)士生教育存在的主要問題(ti)

我國(guo)新(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)博士生教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)20來年歷史與其他學(xue)(xue)(xue)科相比時間并不(bu)(bu)長,因此,一(yi)直是處于(yu)摸索和嘗試階(jie)段;加之近些年來,隨著教(jiao)育(yu)環境的(de)(de)(de)急劇變化以及教(jiao)育(yu)目(mu)標及體系的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)調整,新(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)博士生教(jiao)育(yu)在(zai)發展的(de)(de)(de)同時,也就不(bu)(bu)可避免地出現(xian)了(le)一(yi)些不(bu)(bu)容忽視的(de)(de)(de)問題:

首先,對博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標定位不(bu)夠明確。如(ru)(ru)前所述,博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正規(gui)高校教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高層次(ci)。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)層次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將一(yi)(yi)(yi)個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)體系(xi)與學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)方法進行綜合性(xing)地傳(chuan)授和(he)(he)深入地積淀,并培養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)站在學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)前沿和(he)(he)尖端,通(tong)過(guo)具有創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)性(xing)和(he)(he)開拓(tuo)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)以產生(sheng)(sheng)具有學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術性(xing)和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)具有普遍性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導原則,應(ying)用于不(bu)同學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke),就需(xu)要(yao)針對本(ben)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求和(he)(he)現(xian)(xian)狀,對自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標定位作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出準確而清晰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)(jie)(jie)定。眾所周知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),相對于其(qi)他人文社會科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)有著自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“獨(du)特(te)性(xing)”;它(ta)深深植根于人類(lei)對新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)和(he)(he)理解(jie)之中[1];它(ta)既融合其(qi)他學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)理論,又(you)與實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)有著十分緊密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)。也正因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)“獨(du)特(te)性(xing)”,新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)在開創(chuang)時,還(huan)曾一(yi)(yi)(yi)度被認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沒有必要(yao),也被質疑到底(di)要(yao)培養(yang)什么(me)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)。這(zhe)正說明了(le)中國新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)面臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定位問題。傳(chuan)統上(shang)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)精英性(xing)、研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)從事學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)或一(yi)(yi)(yi)些領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)做準備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。然而多(duo)(duo)年來(lai),有為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)數不(bu)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際上(shang)主(zhu)要(yao)從事一(yi)(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)務(wu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),而在自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)方面做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)并不(bu)多(duo)(duo)。特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)近些年來(lai),隨著眾多(duo)(duo)業(ye)(ye)界(jie)(jie)(jie)人士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)紛紛攻讀(du)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位,博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)進行訓(xun)練)和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際用途日漸(jian)分離,已(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事實(shi)(shi)(shi)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)究(jiu)(jiu)竟應(ying)該培養(yang)什么(me)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)?新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)究(jiu)(jiu)竟如(ru)(ru)何(he)體現(xian)(xian)?新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會美譽(yu)度怎樣?如(ru)(ru)何(he)將博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)與新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)界(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體發展相聯系(xi)?對這(zhe)些問題,新(xin)(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)理應(ying)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、建制化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回答。

第二,博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育(yu)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)尚不夠清晰和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。與(yu)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)培養目標定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),新(xin)聞(wen)傳播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)(huan)缺(que)乏科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)深入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。目前(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)新(xin)聞(wen)傳播院校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)培養方(fang)(fang)(fang)案基本上沿襲(xi)其他(ta)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi),缺(que)少對新(xin)聞(wen)傳播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)特(te)點(dian),以及學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)需要(yao)掌(zhang)握的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)及方(fang)(fang)(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面探討,因(yin)此難(nan)以制定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)出針對自己(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)特(te)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)培養方(fang)(fang)(fang)案。如(ru)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)門(men)檻(jian)應(ying)該如(ru)何(he)設(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding),是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)在(zai)考察其學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)研能力,還(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)在(zai)考察其一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般專業知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)外(wai)語水準?博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)期間應(ying)該掌(zhang)握什么樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)體系和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法論,應(ying)該開設(she)(she)哪些(xie)必(bi)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)?博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)論文怎(zen)樣銜接?博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育(yu)應(ying)該采取(qu)歐洲(zhou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)授(shou)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)對一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳授(shou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi),還(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)采取(qu)像美國(guo)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)培養中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)體培養方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi),或者采取(qu)其他(ta)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)?博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)不要(yao)實行淘汰(tai)制,如(ru)何(he)淘汰(tai)?在(zai)明晰新(xin)聞(wen)傳播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育(yu)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)時,對這(zhe)些(xie)問題必(bi)須作出科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回應(ying)。但(dan)遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),由于經驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不足,認識(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錯位(wei),加之(zhi)我國(guo)教(jiao)育(yu)制度(du)安排上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin),致使一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)高(gao)校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)聞(wen)傳播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育(yu)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)著(zhu)比(bi)較嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隨意(yi)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。比(bi)如(ru),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)很(hen)有(you)(you)科(ke)研素養和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)潛質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考生(sheng)(sheng),僅僅因(yin)為“英語差分”便被拒之(zhi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候選人門(men)外(wai)。再如(ru),有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)院校對博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育(yu)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)重(zhong)視不夠,課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)如(ru)何(he)設(she)(she)置、教(jiao)師如(ru)何(he)教(jiao)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)如(ru)何(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),都無“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)之(zhi)規”,結果(guo)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)往往未(wei)能達到(dao)幫助(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)獲(huo)得從(cong)事研究(jiu)工作、準備(bei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)論文所必(bi)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)廣深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)基礎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)。還(huan)(huan)有(you)(you),博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)論文開題之(zhi)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)格考試或綜合性(xing)(xing)考試應(ying)該如(ru)何(he)“把(ba)好關”,有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)院校也無明確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)規則,結果(guo)造(zao)成在(zai)培養過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)對博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)果(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量缺(que)乏“剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制約和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)監督機(ji)制,博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)只要(yao)進了“門(men)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般都能拿到(dao)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)。

第(di)三(san),一定程度(du)的(de)(de)浮躁之風對博(bo)士生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育造成不(bu)良影(ying)響。這(zhe)一方(fang)面表(biao)(biao)現(xian)在(zai)近些年(nian)隨(sui)著招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規模急劇擴張,師(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比例失調(diao),師(shi)少生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多,導師(shi)投(tou)入到每(mei)個學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)身上(shang)的(de)(de)時(shi)間和(he)(he)精力減少,學(xue)術(shu)互動和(he)(he)交流受到影(ying)響,博(bo)士生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育的(de)(de)質量呈現(xian)出下滑之趨。另一方(fang)面表(biao)(biao)現(xian)在(zai)培養目標上(shang),不(bu)是(shi)注重鼓勵博(bo)士生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)具有扎實深(shen)厚(hou)的(de)(de)理論(lun)(lun)功底、寬廣的(de)(de)學(xue)術(shu)視野(ye)和(he)(he)熟練到位(wei)的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)方(fang)法(fa),而是(shi)以數量等(deng)硬指標為指針,使(shi)得學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)學(xue)習(xi)期間將湊足文章的(de)(de)發表(biao)(biao)數當作主要學(xue)習(xi)內容。再一方(fang)面還表(biao)(biao)現(xian)在(zai)博(bo)士學(xue)位(wei)論(lun)(lun)文的(de)(de)把(ba)關上(shang)不(bu)嚴,由于每(mei)年(nian)畢業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數量增加,在(zai)開題、答辯等(deng)環節,對博(bo)士學(xue)位(wei)論(lun)(lun)文的(de)(de)要求(qiu)有所下降(jiang);加之學(xue)風不(bu)正,道德失范,致使(shi)弄虛(xu)作假,剽竊等(deng)現(xian)象在(zai)博(bo)士學(xue)位(wei)論(lun)(lun)文中也(ye)時(shi)有發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。

第(di)四,博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)缺(que)乏(fa)學(xue)術創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi)在于培養具(ju)(ju)有(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)才,產生(sheng)具(ju)(ju)有(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智力成(cheng)果。因(yin)此,檢驗(yan)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)成(cheng)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)標準,應該體(ti)現在博(bo)士(shi)(shi)學(xue)位論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平上。學(xue)位論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)是(shi)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)計劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心要(yao)素,必須(xu)是(shi)進行創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究,以對(dui)學(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設與發(fa)展有(you)獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。然而(er),實(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)地說(shuo),目前(qian)有(you)些(xie)(xie)高校對(dui)此還缺(que)乏(fa)足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識和高度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視。其具(ju)(ju)體(ti)表(biao)現是(shi):一(yi)些(xie)(xie)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選題或(huo)過(guo)于陳(chen)舊,或(huo)過(guo)于空(kong)泛,或(huo)流(liu)于瑣碎,或(huo)流(liu)于炒作,而(er)不(bu)能(neng)把握當前(qian)學(xue)術前(qian)沿(yan),參與學(xue)術對(dui)話;一(yi)些(xie)(xie)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)期資料積累不(bu)夠扎(zha)實(shi),因(yin)此不(bu)能(neng)針對(dui)最具(ju)(ju)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)切入(ru)(ru)點(dian)進行廣(guang)泛而(er)深入(ru)(ru)地探討,論(lun)(lun)述(shu)流(liu)于粗放(fang);一(yi)些(xie)(xie)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)對(dui)所需(xu)了解的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識涉獵不(bu)廣(guang),基礎不(bu)牢,因(yin)此在論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)撰寫過(guo)程中常(chang)常(chang)捉襟(jin)見(jian)肘,理論(lun)(lun)和方法運用不(bu)能(neng)做到嫻熟(shu)有(you)秩;一(yi)些(xie)(xie)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)生(sheng)在批判性(xing)(xing)(xing)、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練不(bu)夠,造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)思(si)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力度和對(dui)相(xiang)關(guan)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挖掘和解決不(bu)力。這些(xie)(xie)都造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)了一(yi)些(xie)(xie)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)成(cheng)為資料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簡單梳(shu)理,即使有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選題具(ju)(ju)有(you)新(xin)意,但由于研究功力不(bu)足,無法創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)具(ju)(ju)有(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和學(xue)術價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究成(cheng)果。

正確指導學生(sheng)撰寫論(lun)文是高等學校教學過(guo)程中的(de)重要環節之(zhi)一(yi)，是學生(sheng)完(wan)成所學專業(ye)并完(wan)滿畢業(ye)的(de)重要標志。為了進一(yi)步幫助(zhu)大(da)家(jia)寫好論(lun)文，現將一(yi)些(xie)應規(gui)范的(de)問題(ti)說明附后(hou)：

一、什么是學位論文？

學位(wei)論(lun)文是高(gao)等院校(xiao)畢(bi)業生用以申請授予相應學位(wei)而提出作為(wei)考(kao)核(he)和評審的文章。學位(wei)論(lun)文分為(wei)學士、碩士、博士三個等級。

1、學士論文：

學(xue)士論文(wen)(wen)是合格(ge)的本科(ke)畢業生(sheng)撰寫的論文(wen)(wen)。畢業論文(wen)(wen)應(ying)反映出作者(zhe)能夠準確(que)地掌握大(da)學(xue)階段所學(xue)的專業基(ji)礎(chu)知識(shi)(shi)，基(ji)本學(xue)會綜合運用所學(xue)知識(shi)(shi)進行科(ke)學(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)的方(fang)法(fa)，對所研究(jiu)(jiu)的題(ti)目(mu)(mu)有一定的心(xin)得體會，論文(wen)(wen)題(ti)目(mu)(mu)的范圍不宜過(guo)寬(kuan)，一般選擇本學(xue)科(ke)某一重要問題(ti)的一個側面(mian)或一個難點，選擇題(ti)目(mu)(mu)還應(ying)避免(mian)過(guo)小、過(guo)舊和過(guo)長。

2、碩士論文：

為了進一步幫(bang)助(zhu)大(da)家寫(xie)好論文(wen)，現將(jiang)一些應規范的問(wen)題說明附后：

一、什么是學位論文？

學(xue)位(wei)論(lun)文(wen)是高等(deng)院校畢業(ye)生(sheng)用以申請授予相應學(xue)位(wei)而提出作(zuo)為考核和評審的文(wen)章。學(xue)位(wei)論(lun)文(wen)分為學(xue)士、碩士、博士三個等(deng)級。

1、學士論文：

學士論文(wen)(wen)是合格的(de)本科畢(bi)業(ye)生撰寫(xie)的(de)論文(wen)(wen)。畢(bi)業(ye)論文(wen)(wen)應(ying)反映出作者能夠準確地(di)掌握大學階(jie)段所學的(de)專業(ye)基礎知(zhi)識，基本學會綜合運用所學知(zhi)識進行科學研究(jiu)的(de)方法，對所研究(jiu)的(de)題(ti)目(mu)(mu)(mu)有(you)一定的(de)心得體會，論文(wen)(wen)題(ti)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)范圍不宜過寬，一般選擇本學科某一重要問題(ti)的(de)一個側面或(huo)一個難點，選擇題(ti)目(mu)(mu)(mu)還應(ying)避免(mian)過小、過舊(jiu)和過長。

2、碩士論文：

正確指(zhi)導學生(sheng)撰寫論文(wen)是高等學校教學過(guo)程中的重要環節(jie)之一，是

學(xue)生完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)所學(xue)專業(ye)并完(wan)(wan)滿(man)畢業(ye)的(de)重要標志。為了進一(yi)步幫助大家寫好論

文，現(xian)將一些應(ying)規范的問(wen)題說明附后(hou)：

一、什(shen)么(me)是(shi)學位論(lun)文？

學位論文是(shi)高等院校(xiao)畢業生用(yong)以申請授予相應學位而(er)提(ti)出作為考核(he)

和評審的文(wen)章。學位論文(wen)分為學士(shi)、碩士(shi)、博士(shi)三個等級。

一、什么是學位論文？

學(xue)位論文是高等院校畢業生用以申請(qing)授予相應(ying)學(xue)位而(er)提(ti)出(chu)作為考核和評審(shen)的文章(zhang)。學(xue)位論文分為學(xue)士(shi)、碩(shuo)士(shi)、博士(shi)三個等級。

1、學士論文：

學(xue)(xue)(xue)士論文(wen)(wen)(wen)是合格的(de)(de)本科畢(bi)業生撰寫(xie)的(de)(de)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)。畢(bi)業論文(wen)(wen)(wen)應(ying)反映出作者能夠準確地(di)掌(zhang)握大學(xue)(xue)(xue)階段所學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業基礎知識(shi)(shi)，基本學(xue)(xue)(xue)會綜合運用所學(xue)(xue)(xue)知識(shi)(shi)進(jin)行科學(xue)(xue)(xue)研究的(de)(de)方法(fa)，對所研究的(de)(de)題目有一定(ding)的(de)(de)心得體會，論文(wen)(wen)(wen)題目的(de)(de)范圍不宜過(guo)寬(kuan)，一般(ban)選擇本學(xue)(xue)(xue)科某一重要問(wen)題的(de)(de)一個側面或一個難(nan)點，選擇題目還應(ying)避免(mian)過(guo)小(xiao)、過(guo)舊(jiu)和過(guo)長(chang)。

2、碩士論文：

碩士論(lun)(lun)(lun)文是攻讀碩士學位研(yan)究生所撰寫的(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)文。它應能(neng)反映出作(zuo)者廣泛而深入地掌握專業基礎知識，具有(you)(you)獨立進行(xing)科研(yan)的(de)(de)能(neng)力，對所研(yan)究的(de)(de)題目有(you)(you)新(xin)的(de)(de)獨立見解，論(lun)(lun)(lun)文具有(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)深度和較好的(de)(de)科學價(jia)值，對本專業學術水平(ping)的(de)(de)提高有(you)(you)積極作(zuo)用(yong)。