導(dao)語：計(ji)算機類(lei)專業(ye)開展工(gong)程的思考一(yi)文來源于網(wang)友上傳，不代表(biao)本站觀點，若需要(yao)原創文章可咨詢客服(fu)老(lao)師(shi)，歡(huan)迎參(can)考。

摘要：針對計算機類專業開展工程認證中所面臨的問題和挑戰(zhan)。首先從(cong)系統化規范(fan)人才培養的角度(du)，分析(xi)專業認證中校院(yuan)的角色與作(zuo)用，剖析(xi)專業建(jian)設的思路轉換(huan)。然后(hou)，從(cong)深(shen)刻(ke)認識(shi)專業認證的標準與要求出發，結合實例分析(xi)如何構(gou)建(jian)專業特色。最后(hou)，結合多(duo)所院(yuan)校專業認證工作(zuo)的實際情況，總結并提(ti)出關于(yu)計算機學科申報(bao)工程教育認證的建(jian)議(yi)。

關(guan)鍵詞：計算機類專業；工程教育認證；持(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)；目(mu)標導向；以學(xue)生為中心

引言:工程(cheng)教育專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)的(de)(de)核心(xin)理念是(shi)以學生為中心(xin)、目(mu)標導向和(he)持(chi)續改進，對推(tui)動(dong)工科專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)具有(you)十分重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用［1-3］。2016年我國正(zheng)式(shi)加入國際工程(cheng)教育《華盛頓協議(yi)》組織(zhi)，國內(nei)眾多高校以通過工程(cheng)認證(zheng)為契(qi)機系統(tong)化重(zhong)(zhong)構專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)教學體系，并(bing)達到與國際上同專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)產出“實質(zhi)等效”［4］。數據統(tong)計(ji)發現，自2017年起申請認證(zheng)數量(liang)逐年增(zeng)加，成功率(lv)逐年降(jiang)低，2020年通過認證(zheng)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)僅占申請數量(liang)的(de)(de)10%左右(you)。在一流專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)與工程(cheng)教育認證(zheng)掛(gua)鉤后，專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)引起了(le)更多高校的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)視并(bing)開始進行申請和(he)認證(zheng)工作(zuo)。為此，本文探討如何(he)推(tui)動(dong)計(ji)算(suan)機類專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)教學系統(tong)化轉變(bian)，開展特色(se)性的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)，持(chi)續推(tui)動(dong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)。

1相關工作

近年來(lai)(lai)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動和發展(zhan)更重視教學(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)改革(ge)，國(guo)內(nei)(nei)高校(xiao)紛(fen)紛(fen)啟(qi)動認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)申(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)—受(shou)理(li)申(shen)報(bao)—自評(ping)報(bao)告—專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家進(jin)(jin)(jin)校(xiao)—認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)結論。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)通過工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)明確畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立面向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)產(chan)(chan)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)部評(ping)價(jia)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)［5］、教學(xue)(xue)(xue)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)［6］、畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)達(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)評(ping)價(jia)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)［7］。工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教育認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)理(li)念(nian)基(ji)于學(xue)(xue)(xue)習產(chan)(chan)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教育模(mo)(mo)式(shi)（Outcomes-basedEducation，OBE），指學(xue)(xue)(xue)習產(chan)(chan)出（成(cheng)(cheng)果）驅(qu)動整個(ge)(ge)教育系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)（能(neng)力(li)導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)），而非(fei)傳統內(nei)(nei)容(rong)驅(qu)動（以(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科、教師(shi)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)）［8-10］。工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)關(guan)注培養學(xue)(xue)(xue)生解決復(fu)雜工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)，能(neng)賦能(neng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)［11］，但專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續改進(jin)(jin)(jin)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)持續較長時間，不可急(ji)于求(qiu)成(cheng)(cheng)。從國(guo)內(nei)(nei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)而言，在(zai)(zai)不斷(duan)(duan)加深(shen)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)整體(ti)層面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探索(suo)或從專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)多個(ge)(ge)構成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)定(ding)角度(du)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)分(fen)析(xi)。王庚等(deng)(deng)［12］比(bi)較研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教育專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，總結分(fen)析(xi)國(guo)外(wai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)后，提(ti)出國(guo)內(nei)(nei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)應具(ju)有中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色，并(bing)給出了(le)(le)具(ju)體(ti)方向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。戴(dai)先中(zhong)(zhong)［13］聚(ju)焦專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)培養，提(ti)出以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)為(wei)(wei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)來(lai)(lai)確定(ding)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)培養目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)如何針對(dui)(dui)(dui)培養目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)達(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)舉證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，并(bing)提(ti)出完善認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)。李(li)志義［14］分(fen)析(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)從形似(si)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)神似(si)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵要(yao)(yao)素，提(ti)出成(cheng)(cheng)果導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)教育進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)課(ke)(ke)堂是將“222”（2個(ge)(ge)產(chan)(chan)出、2個(ge)(ge)關(guan)系、2個(ge)(ge)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）思(si)維轉(zhuan)變(bian)、落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)“333”（3個(ge)(ge)產(chan)(chan)出、3個(ge)(ge)關(guan)系、3個(ge)(ge)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）思(si)維的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。劉思(si)遠［3］分(fen)析(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，發現(xian)了(le)(le)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵問題，并(bing)提(ti)出從教師(shi)團隊(dui)、項目(mu)式(shi)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)、課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)服務機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)方面進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)路(lu)。與此同時，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)也在(zai)(zai)不斷(duan)(duan)下沉(chen)，各(ge)高校(xiao)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)均(jun)在(zai)(zai)探索(suo)如何深(shen)刻把握專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)理(li)念(nian)，并(bing)將其轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續行(xing)動。李(li)輝(hui)等(deng)(deng)［15］分(fen)析(xi)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，提(ti)出具(ju)有4層結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐教學(xue)(xue)(xue)培養體(ti)系，并(bing)結合(he)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)情況(kuang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例(li)分(fen)析(xi)。李(li)文(wen)等(deng)(deng)［16］分(fen)析(xi)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，圍繞應用型人才培養定(ding)位提(ti)出一整套基(ji)于專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)理(li)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)應用。陳曉亮(liang)等(deng)(deng)［17］以(yi)OBE理(li)念(nian)為(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎，提(ti)出基(ji)于專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)達(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)度(du)評(ping)價(jia)方法(fa)，在(zai)(zai)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)應用并(bing)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)評(ping)價(jia)案例(li)。靳(jin)紅(hong)梅等(deng)(deng)［18］分(fen)析(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)積累的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數據，提(ti)出計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)評(ping)價(jia)模(mo)(mo)型，并(bing)以(yi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例(li)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)應用與分(fen)析(xi)。綜上，現(xian)有研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)與計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)提(ti)供了(le)(le)充實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論和實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例(li)支持。本文(wen)在(zai)(zai)現(xian)有工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)礎上，對(dui)(dui)(dui)多個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)調(diao)研(yan)(yan)，提(ti)出計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)“校(xiao)院(yuan)兩(liang)級(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)思(si)路(lu)，分(fen)析(xi)了(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)和學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用；以(yi)“校(xiao)院(yuan)兩(liang)級(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”為(wei)(wei)重要(yao)(yao)支撐，對(dui)(dui)(dui)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)路(lu)轉(zhuan)換進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)剖析(xi)，并(bing)結合(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例(li)分(fen)析(xi)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)色；以(yi)多所(suo)院(yuan)校(xiao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例(li)為(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎，提(ti)出關(guan)于計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開展(zhan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)。本文(wen)所(suo)提(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“校(xiao)院(yuan)兩(liang)級(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”是從學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)角度(du)共同推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)具(ju)有重要(yao)(yao)意(yi)義。

2“校院兩級引領”的專業認證工作

2.1　專業(ye)認證是“校院(yuan)兩級(ji)引領”的系統性(xing)工作(zuo)

傳統(tong)(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)圍繞(rao)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)(ke)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，打(da)造以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)中心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)以(yi)此(ci)為(wei)依(yi)托進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)擴(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)展(zhan)(zhan)，強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)傳遞專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)和(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)。然(ran)(ran)而，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)側重于強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)能力(li)(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)將能力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義擴(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)展(zhan)(zhan)到職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規范(fan)、環(huan)境和(he)(he)可持續(xu)(xu)發展(zhan)(zhan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)領(ling)(ling)域［13］。在(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)最核心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綱領(ling)(ling)性(xing)(xing)(xing)文件培(pei)(pei)養(yang)方(fang)案中，除傳統(tong)(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)課(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)(shi)踐課(ke)(ke)(ke)外，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)類(lei)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)、人(ren)文社會科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)類(lei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)識(shi)教(jiao)育課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)、數學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)自然(ran)(ran)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)類(lei)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)均應為(wei)能力(li)(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)提供支(zhi)撐(cheng)，這三大類(lei)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)本(ben)(ben)身所(suo)能協調(diao)(diao)和(he)(he)安(an)(an)排。基(ji)(ji)(ji)于認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)所(suo)分解的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)點，也會反映到教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式和(he)(he)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)安(an)(an)排上(shang)［19］。顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)能力(li)(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求是通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求和(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)方(fang)案體(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)出(chu)對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，因此(ci)必須從(cong)(cong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)性(xing)(xing)(xing)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)，從(cong)(cong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)層(ceng)面(mian)打(da)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)全校(xiao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持，從(cong)(cong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)面(mian)打(da)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)全院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)有課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)節對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持。此(ci)外，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)化工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，全面(mian)覆(fu)蓋了(le)完整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)節所(suo)涉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每位教(jiao)職(zhi)工(gong)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)全面(mian)參(can)(can)與(yu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全部階段，既需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)負責(ze)人(ren)帶(dai)領(ling)(ling)本(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)參(can)(can)與(yu)，又(you)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)涉及到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)、教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管理(li)成(cheng)(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)積極參(can)(can)加。以(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)為(wei)中心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)提升人(ren)才培(pei)(pei)養(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)化工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)大參(can)(can)與(yu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)思(si)路(lu)。因此(ci)，只有“校(xiao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，才能為(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)提供基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)支(zhi)撐(cheng)，圖1為(wei)湖北某(mou)高校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)申請“校(xiao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”、構建(jian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)即時正向激勵機(ji)制(zhi)持續(xu)(xu)保障(zhang)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)過程(cheng)(cheng)。由圖1可見，在(zai)(zai)(zai)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)從(cong)(cong)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“單(dan)(dan)打(da)獨斗(dou)”逐步(bu)發展(zhan)(zhan)到“校(xiao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)有序推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)以(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)為(wei)中心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、目標(biao)(biao)導向和(he)(he)持續(xu)(xu)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)，包含專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)；既涵蓋了(le)傳統(tong)(tong)意義上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)，又(you)將理(li)念(nian)(nian)落實(shi)(shi)到專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中。由專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)(dan)獨開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，容(rong)易受(shou)限(xian)(xian)于課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)容(rong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)傳統(tong)(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)框(kuang)架(jia)，雖然(ran)(ran)能完成(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)評價等(deng)(deng)(deng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，但非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)應實(shi)(shi)現(xian)哪(na)些內(nei)容(rong)、如何(he)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)難以(yi)深入理(li)解和(he)(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)。如果任由專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)自行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)，僅靠學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提供一(yi)定(ding)支(zhi)持，難免會在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)控(kong)、非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)、非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)產生(sheng)受(shou)限(xian)(xian)過多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)難以(yi)深層(ceng)次(ci)落實(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理(li)念(nian)(nian)。更(geng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，由學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)安(an)(an)排，有利于專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)(xi)與(yu)溝通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。例如，軟(ruan)件工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)由軟(ruan)件工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)授課(ke)(ke)(ke)；而計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)組成(cheng)(cheng)原理(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)則(ze)由計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)技術專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)師(shi)講授。在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)安(an)(an)排下，不同專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能相互支(zhi)持、互相配(pei)(pei)合，形成(cheng)(cheng)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)層(ceng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，圍繞(rao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)能力(li)(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)不斷改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)該層(ceng)面(mian)上(shang)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)—專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。其(qi)中，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)負責(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)面(mian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)安(an)(an)排，打(da)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)；開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)個專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)根據(ju)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提出(chu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)負責(ze)協調(diao)(diao)配(pei)(pei)合。在(zai)(zai)(zai)“校(xiao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”層(ceng)面(mian)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)—學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)—專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共同推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求為(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過制(zhi)度(du)、機(ji)制(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)法對(dui)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)目標(biao)(biao)、畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求、課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)控(kong)、招生(sheng)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、師(shi)資隊伍建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、持續(xu)(xu)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，為(wei)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)提供統(tong)(tong)一(yi)支(zhi)撐(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)常采用學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)指(zhi)(zhi)導委員(yuan)(yuan)會）按照認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)指(zhi)(zhi)導本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)協調(diao)(diao)溝通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，形成(cheng)(cheng)符合專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)路(lu)線(xian)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)負責(ze)監(jian)控(kong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續(xu)(xu)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)則(ze)按照專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)。“校(xiao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)”體(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)了(le)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)—學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)—專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不同層(ceng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面(mian)覆(fu)蓋，也以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)為(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)層(ceng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息流動(dong)，是專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)支(zhi)撐(cheng)。

2.2　專業認證需(xu)要轉變專業建設思路(lu)

以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)長，將(jiang)(jiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)主(zhu)體(ti)［20］。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)將(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)，圍繞學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)而(er)非(fei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)來構建(jian)(jian)整(zheng)個教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，進(jin)而(er)全(quan)面覆蓋所有(you)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環節。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)關注學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)動性(xing)(xing)、積(ji)極性(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)與(yu)傳統以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)大差異(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)上強調(diao)(diao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，因此該方(fang)式重(zhong)視培(pei)養教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)力(li)、建(jian)(jian)設師(shi)(shi)(shi)資隊(dui)伍、改(gai)進(jin)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)式方(fang)法、選擇合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材、優化(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容、產(chan)出(chu)優秀學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等方(fang)面，往(wang)往(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)抽樣結(jie)果評(ping)(ping)(ping)價教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果。由此可(ke)見，要(yao)(yao)(yao)符合(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)，就(jiu)必須轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)設思(si)(si)(si)路，從(cong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，這(zhe)種轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)“校(xiao)院(yuan)兩級引領”下(xia)，轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)全(quan)體(ti)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)觀念(nian)上。最為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)突出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)思(si)(si)(si)路，特別在(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)所構建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系(xi)與(yu)原有(you)高校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)個人發展體(ti)系(xi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)悖(bei)之處時，更需要(yao)(yao)(yao)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)思(si)(si)(si)路。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)可(ke)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)相(xiang)(xiang)對明確的(de)(de)(de)(de)考核(he)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)構建(jian)(jian)出(chu)可(ke)量(liang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價體(ti)系(xi)，從(cong)而(er)引導教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)個人發展。而(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)強調(diao)(diao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養，并非(fei)知(zhi)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳遞(di)，因此通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)面向(xiang)產(chan)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)達成(cheng)情(qing)(qing)況與(yu)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)達成(cheng)情(qing)(qing)況評(ping)(ping)(ping)價機(ji)制，結(jie)合(he)量(liang)化(hua)(hua)、定(ding)性(xing)(xing)方(fang)式評(ping)(ping)(ping)價教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果，改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)考核(he)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價機(ji)制，從(cong)根(gen)本上改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)式。這(zhe)種變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)不僅有(you)利(li)于專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)發展，也對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)發展具有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極作(zuo)用。高評(ping)(ping)(ping)價專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)吸引高質(zhi)量(liang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科才(cai)更有(you)機(ji)會(hui)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)高質(zhi)量(liang)產(chan)出(chu)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)本質(zhi)就(jiu)是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)互成(cheng)就(jiu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)開展專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)前，原有(you)高校(xiao)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)由教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材或個人經(jing)驗(yan)自行(xing)定(ding)義，缺(que)乏(fa)系(xi)統化(hua)(hua)，對畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐度不夠。現有(you)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)系(xi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)力(li)培(pei)養，對一(yi)般性(xing)(xing)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術(shu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規范和(he)倫理(li)(li)(li)(li)等方(fang)面缺(que)乏(fa)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)支持(chi)(chi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)開展專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)工作(zuo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據(ju)培(pei)養目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)對畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)形(xing)成(cheng)明確支撐，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)出(chu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)導向(xiang)，構建(jian)(jian)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)始”的(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)培(pei)養體(ti)系(xi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)備階段，核(he)心(xin)(xin)產(chan)出(chu)包括培(pei)養目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)、畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)系(xi)、課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)、內容（課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大綱）及相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)資料。在(zai)(zai)(zai)設計過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)深入理(li)(li)(li)(li)解畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，形(xing)成(cheng)可(ke)衡(heng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)，并建(jian)(jian)立持(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)機(ji)制。具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)符合(he)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)，課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據(ju)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)進(jin)行(xing)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)優化(hua)(hua)，課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大綱要(yao)(yao)(yao)形(xing)成(cheng)對畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)強力(li)支撐。綜上，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)舉措完(wan)成(cheng)基(ji)于OBE理(li)(li)(li)(li)念(nian)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)式改(gai)革：①基(ji)于課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)達成(cheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)；②通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)校(xiao)企合(he)作(zuo)，協同(tong)育(yu)人開展實(shi)(shi)踐教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)；③加強周(zhou)期(qi)性(xing)(xing)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)持(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)提供決策依據(ju)；④基(ji)于周(zhou)期(qi)性(xing)(xing)評(ping)(ping)(ping)價進(jin)行(xing)持(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)。從(cong)準備專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)開始，所有(you)涉及的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環節均(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)進(jin)行(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)大轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)和(he)改(gai)進(jin)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)此過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)思(si)(si)(si)路也應(ying)(ying)隨(sui)之發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)，從(cong)我如(ru)何(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)如(ru)何(he)(he)按照機(ji)制要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)發揮學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)動能(neng)(neng)動性(xing)(xing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)好。

3深入解析認證標準與要求，開展特色性專業建設

專(zhuan)業(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)具有長期(qi)持(chi)續特(te)點(dian)，要(yao)(yao)想(xiang)切(qie)(qie)實(shi)通過“以(yi)評(ping)促建，以(yi)評(ping)促改(gai)”，將教育本(ben)質(zhi)回歸對人(ren)才的培育，不能抱(bao)有一(yi)蹴(cu)而就、一(yi)勞永逸的思想(xiang)態(tai)度，要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)好(hao)專(zhuan)業(ye)建設、推動專(zhuan)業(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)，深入解析專(zhuan)業(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標準和(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)至(zhi)關重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。在專(zhuan)業(ye)認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標準理解方面，例(li)如實(shi)踐(jian)課(ke)與(yu)(yu)基礎課(ke)程(cheng)間的比例(li)關系、應開設的課(ke)程(cheng)等硬(ying)性標準必須嚴格按照(zhao)標準制定。近年來，認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)的申請(qing)與(yu)(yu)審(shen)(shen)核要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、自評(ping)與(yu)(yu)審(shen)(shen)核要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、現場考查與(yu)(yu)結論審(shen)(shen)議等環節，均將“主線(xian)(xian)(xian)”與(yu)(yu)“底線(xian)(xian)(xian)”作(zuo)為當(dang)前認證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)的重(zhong)點(dian)。如何(he)踐(jian)行“主線(xian)(xian)(xian)”、堅守“底線(xian)(xian)(xian)”，重(zhong)點(dian)在于以(yi)學生(sheng)為中(zhong)心、產出導向、持(chi)續改(gai)進是否切(qie)(qie)實(shi)融入人(ren)才培養過程(cheng)中(zhong)。

3.1深刻(ke)認識認證標準與要求(qiu)

工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中心，確(que)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)由專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)行(xing)設定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養(yang)底線是(shi)否(fou)達(da)(da)成(cheng)。通過認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算機(ji)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其共同點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)達(da)(da)成(cheng)該(gai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所制定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養(yang)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。特別是(shi)首次(ci)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)重在查證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)否(fou)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)、建立(li)、執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)了(le)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)建立(li)符合(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)(wan)整(zheng)教學體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，需要深(shen)入(ru)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，才(cai)能(neng)進(jin)(jin)一步確(que)立(li)培養(yang)“底線”，因(yin)此需要結(jie)合(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)既有(you)基礎(chu)(chu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)深(shen)入(ru)探討。在實(shi)際(ji)(ji)調研與(yu)(yu)(yu)交流過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中發現(xian)(xian)，最主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題為(wei)(wei)(wei)片面理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，機(ji)械式分(fen)解(jie)(jie)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，生(sheng)搬硬套地(di)對(dui)應課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。具體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題包括(kuo)未(wei)能(neng)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)把握標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，孤立(li)地(di)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)、解(jie)(jie)讀(du)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和補充(chong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)此為(wei)(wei)(wei)指(zhi)(zhi)導形(xing)式來滿足專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，但(dan)實(shi)質上(shang)(shang)(shang)“差之(zhi)毫厘謬以(yi)(yi)(yi)千里(li)”；在拆分(fen)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)時，與(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)改進(jin)(jin)割裂(lie)開來，以(yi)(yi)(yi)拆分(fen)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)數(shu)量(liang)、文字表達(da)(da)層面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)等(deng)形(xing)式規范，掩蓋課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)難以(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題，進(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)導致課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐關(guan)(guan)系(xi)并非根據(ju)實(shi)際(ji)(ji)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內容與(yu)(yu)(yu)教學安排的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)應，而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)“完(wan)(wan)(wan)形(xing)填(tian)空”（看上(shang)(shang)(shang)去能(neng)對(dui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)就(jiu)先對(dui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)）方(fang)式填(tian)滿課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)應關(guan)(guan)系(xi)表。因(yin)此，要做(zuo)好專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工作就(jiu)必須解(jie)(jie)決上(shang)(shang)(shang)述(shu)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題。首先，必須掌握專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和補充(chong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，結(jie)合(he)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)設計，深(shen)入(ru)分(fen)析課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內容。然后，通過對(dui)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)再理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)，重新認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。本(ben)質上(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)言，對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和對(dui)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)/課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識是(shi)一個(ge)(ge)反復(fu)、相互推進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。通過不(bu)斷深(shen)入(ru)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)間(jian)對(dui)應關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，逐步完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)合(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設置與(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐。此時，必開課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、基礎(chu)(chu)課(ke)(ke)、實(shi)踐課(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)時比例也會(hui)更(geng)合(he)理(li)(li)，可在現(xian)(xian)有(you)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)和課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)調整(zheng)優化(hua)，而(er)(er)非死搬硬套地(di)按照(zhao)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比例進(jin)(jin)行(xing)匹配。當然，對(dui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)識不(bu)僅局限于課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，還包括(kuo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)教學相關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)環節。特別是(shi)當前專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)所強(qiang)調的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面向產出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)達(da)(da)成(cheng)情(qing)況評價機(ji)制和畢(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)達(da)(da)成(cheng)情(qing)況評價機(ji)制，這兩個(ge)(ge)核(he)心機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建立(li)和執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)，反映(ying)了(le)目前對(dui)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)深(shen)度(du)及在教學中實(shi)際(ji)(ji)落地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)。此外，在執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中發現(xian)(xian)、分(fen)析、解(jie)(jie)決問(wen)(wen)(wen)題，持續進(jin)(jin)行(xing)改進(jin)(jin)，反過來也推動了(le)人們深(shen)入(ru)理(li)(li)解(jie)(jie)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，促進(jin)(jin)了(le)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改進(jin)(jin)優化(hua)，這也是(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)期待達(da)(da)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。

3.2構(gou)建專(zhuan)業(ye)特色開展專(zhuan)業(ye)建設

構(gou)建(jian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)開展(zhan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)是專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)與(yu)學(xue)科(ke)評估的(de)共同要(yao)(yao)求，高(gao)校(xiao)需要(yao)(yao)打(da)造專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)化發展(zhan)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)具有“面向產出(chu)”理念，打(da)造專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)可(ke)(ke)理解(jie)為產出(chu)要(yao)(yao)有特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)，要(yao)(yao)求培(pei)(pei)養出(chu)的(de)人(ren)才具備更強的(de)競(jing)爭力(li)(li)與(yu)持(chi)續發展(zhan)能(neng)力(li)(li)。這(zhe)一(yi)要(yao)(yao)求主要(yao)(yao)通過(guo)培(pei)(pei)養目標總(zong)領全(quan)局(ju)，一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面通過(guo)培(pei)(pei)養目標直接(jie)反映專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)；另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面通過(guo)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)5年后學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)普遍(bian)能(neng)達到的(de)水平進行(xing)(xing)清晰定(ding)位(wei)(wei)。該方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)顯然與(yu)以(yi)(yi)往思路和做法(fa)(fa)存在較(jiao)大差異(yi)，少(shao)數或大部分(fen)(fen)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)參加創新項目、參與(yu)競(jing)賽獲獎可(ke)(ke)稱之為人(ren)才培(pei)(pei)養特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)，但無法(fa)(fa)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)。確立專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)需要(yao)(yao)秉承(cheng)以(yi)(yi)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為中(zhong)心的(de)理念，從(cong)(cong)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養角(jiao)度(du)出(chu)發，結(jie)合專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)歷史(shi)積累和社會需要(yao)(yao)。從(cong)(cong)這(zhe)個角(jiao)度(du)而(er)言，以(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)要(yao)(yao)求開展(zhan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)建(jian)設(she)(she)需要(yao)(yao)回答(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)應具備哪些能(neng)力(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)支(zhi)撐學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)既能(neng)滿足畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)求，又(you)能(neng)在畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)5年后脫穎而(er)出(chu)，在職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)上具有持(chi)續發展(zhan)的(de)潛(qian)力(li)(li)。為了解(jie)答(da)以(yi)(yi)上問題，本文從(cong)(cong)構(gou)建(jian)思想與(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)上著手進行(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)析，表1為部分(fen)(fen)高(gao)校(xiao)構(gou)建(jian)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)。由(you)此可(ke)(ke)見，凝練(lian)(lian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)既可(ke)(ke)依托學(xue)校(xiao)自(zi)身定(ding)位(wei)(wei)與(yu)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)，服務于相對集中(zhong)的(de)方(fang)(fang)向或行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)抓住計(ji)算(suan)機類專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)系統化設(she)(she)計(ji)的(de)關鍵核(he)心，從(cong)(cong)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)培(pei)(pei)養等角(jiao)度(du)進行(xing)(xing)凝練(lian)(lian)，實現具有特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)(she)。然而(er)，凝練(lian)(lian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)不能(neng)強行(xing)(xing)綁定(ding)學(xue)校(xiao)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)，必(bi)須(xu)在專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課程設(she)(she)計(ji)上提供支(zhi)撐，才能(neng)真正凝練(lian)(lian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)(te)(te)色(se)(se)、構(gou)建(jian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課程體系。

4計算機學科申報工程教育認證的建議

4.1以(yi)學生為中心構建以(yi)終為始的持(chi)續(xu)改進人才培育系統

近年來，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)部(bu)提(ti)出“以(yi)(yi)本(ben)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)”，加快建(jian)(jian)設高水平(ping)本(ben)科(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)、全面提(ti)升(sheng)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)能力等(deng)，由(you)此(ci)可見國(guo)家(jia)(jia)對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)整改(gai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力度(du)和(he)急迫性。在此(ci)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是在國(guo)家(jia)(jia)越來越重(zhong)視人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背景下，提(ti)高人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)評估高度(du)相關(guan)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)有大量(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)指導與(yu)監督，但(dan)更(geng)(geng)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是能否回(hui)歸教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)初心，培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)科(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)回(hui)歸教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)途徑，以(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理念，也是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)給(gei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)，既符合高等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，也符合國(guo)家(jia)(jia)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)高水平(ping)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)從面向產出導向確(que)定培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)標(biao)準(zhun)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求建(jian)(jian)立(li)、落實持續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)機制，并將其(qi)覆(fu)蓋整個教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)系(xi)統和(he)各(ge)個教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)節，圍繞學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)能力進(jin)(jin)行(xing)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，所有工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)圍繞學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)提(ti)供(gong)保障。符合專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)建(jian)(jian)設在全體學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)上要(yao)(yao)(yao)“守住底線(xian)、把握(wo)主線(xian)”。通過開(kai)展專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)體系(xi)，以(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心改(gai)革(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)對(dui)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思路和(he)模(mo)式。規(gui)(gui)范(fan)化系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)對(dui)象是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)，圍繞系(xi)統和(he)相關(guan)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)持續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)和(he)機制保證(zheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)。高校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)之一是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，明(ming)確(que)以(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心后將更(geng)(geng)有利于學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)把握(wo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)，構建(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)終為(wei)(wei)(wei)始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)系(xi)統，推動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)圍繞學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)而非行(xing)政和(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術研究為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心，并為(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)提(ti)供(gong)持續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)與(yu)動(dong)力。

4.2積極面(mian)對認證，全(quan)面(mian)推進專(zhuan)業建設(she)

工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)是(shi)負擔而是(shi)動(dong)力，通(tong)過認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)是(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)終點(dian)而是(shi)開始。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)構建“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)科研(yan)相(xiang)長，師(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)互(hu)成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)底(di)層邏(luo)輯。以(yi)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)達成(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)評價機(ji)制(zhi)和(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)達成(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)評價機(ji)制(zhi)為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)，建立(li)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)制(zhi)，不(bu)斷迭(die)代(dai)完善(shan)各(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)環(huan)節(jie)，通(tong)過“評價—改(gai)進(jin)(jin)—再評價”螺旋式提(ti)(ti)(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)質(zhi)量，達到(dao)人才培(pei)養目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)切制(zhi)度均需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)執行(xing)，因此(ci)作(zuo)好專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)、推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)高水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)師(shi)資隊伍。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“校(xiao)院兩級引領”應當為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)發展提(ti)(ti)(ti)供制(zhi)度支持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，特別(bie)是(shi)激(ji)勵機(ji)制(zhi)。由于一(yi)線教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)往往承擔著繁重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)與(yu)科研(yan)任(ren)務，除專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)自身要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)外，還(huan)需從多方(fang)面(mian)(mian)給予配套的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵措施(shi)，形成(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)相(xiang)關機(ji)制(zhi)相(xiang)輔(fu)相(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)激(ji)勵機(ji)制(zhi)，通(tong)過多種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式提(ti)(ti)(ti)高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主觀(guan)能(neng)動(dong)性，才能(neng)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)與(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)發展。積極(ji)面(mian)(mian)對專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)審視現有教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)體系與(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)環(huan)節(jie)，按照專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)。在此(ci)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)關注(zhu)和(he)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)各(ge)個方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)按照專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，除了(le)培(pei)養具有特色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)外，還(huan)應關注(zhu)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)5年后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展情況(kuang)，關注(zhu)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養而非(fei)知識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳遞；專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)強調(diao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)舉證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)查證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，即專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)為(wei)機(ji)制(zhi)運行(xing)、課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)達成(cheng)(cheng)、畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)達成(cheng)(cheng)和(he)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現提(ti)(ti)(ti)供充分(fen)(fen)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)據，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)過有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據來源、定量定性分(fen)(fen)析支持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)達成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)析；嚴格遵循專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)類別(bie)課(ke)(ke)時比例，除了(le)調(diao)整、優(you)化專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)體系和(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)外，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)關注(zhu)大(da)量非(fei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)對畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)作(zuo)用，通(tong)過完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)體系覆蓋畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)部(bu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)點(dian)；注(zhu)意企業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)在持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)制(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參與(yu)度，在適當環(huan)節(jie)支持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)企業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效參與(yu)，以(yi)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)。此(ci)外，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)作(zuo)好專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他保障(zhang)工(gong)作(zuo)，包括(kuo)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)、相(xiang)關教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)職員工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)訓(xun)、面(mian)(mian)向學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)等方(fang)面(mian)(mian)。總之，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)個系統性工(gong)作(zuo)，是(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)推(tui)(tui)手(shou)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高人才培(pei)養質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保障(zhang)。對于這種(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)“校(xiao)院兩級引領”、覆蓋專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)體系和(he)全(quan)部(bu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)、涉(she)及所(suo)有教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，必須秉承細致入微、不(bu)厭其煩(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)態(tai)度，踏踏實實地將以(yi)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心、產出(chu)為(wei)導(dao)向和(he)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)續改(gai)進(jin)(jin)落實到(dao)具體工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)，才能(neng)真正達到(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。

5結語

工(gong)(gong)(gong)程教育(yu)(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)不僅是務(wu)虛的(de)(de)(de)“帽(mao)子”，還是支撐專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)全(quan)面改進、全(quan)面發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)系統(tong)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。如果將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程教育(yu)(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)看作少數人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)短期集中工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，推行起(qi)來自然是困難重重。由(you)于專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作思路(lu)與傳統(tong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)思路(lu)存在(zai)顯著差(cha)異，在(zai)實際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作上(shang)既(ji)包含全(quan)局(ju)性設(she)計和引領，還具有細(xi)致的(de)(de)(de)任務(wu)。因(yin)此，想要作好專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設(she)，通過專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)，只有切實面對挑(tiao)戰，將(jiang)本科教育(yu)(yu)放在(zai)人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心地(di)位，系統(tong)化(hua)改革(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)對人(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)育(yu)(yu)方式，形成有效產出的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)制，才能將(jiang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)帶來的(de)(de)(de)挑(tiao)戰轉化(hua)為專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)機(ji)遇，從(cong)而(er)推動專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)。

參考文獻：

［1］陳(chen)平.專業認(ren)證理念推進工科專業建設內涵式(shi)發展［J］.中(zhong)國大學(xue)教學(xue)，2014（1）：42-47.

［2］張進(jin)，李玉柏，陳(chen)偉建.以專業認證(zheng)為契機開展通(tong)信工程專業建設關鍵環節的(de)研究與實踐［J］.實驗科學(xue)與技術(shu)，2020，18（1）：87-91.

［3］劉思遠.工程(cheng)教(jiao)育專業認(ren)證與課程(cheng)內容建設(she)：實踐訴求、標準與機制［J］.黑龍江(jiang)高教(jiao)研究，2021，39（7）：32-36.

［4］陳道蓄.工程(cheng)教(jiao)育認證(zheng)：中國工程(cheng)教(jiao)育國際(ji)化的(de)有力推手［J］.中國計算機學會通訊，2016，12（8）：43-46.

［5］魏維，唐聃(dan)，方睿(rui).試論面向產出的課程目標(biao)達成情況評價機制［J］.高等工程教育(yu)研究(jiu)，2020（6）：188-193.

［6］牛佳(jia)，成欣(xin)欣(xin).專業認證背(bei)景下教(jiao)師(shi)教(jiao)育質量(liang)監控：主體(ti)、客體(ti)及策略［J］.教(jiao)育理(li)論(lun)與實踐，2022，42（9）：14-18.

［7］牛余忠，孫昌梅，馬松梅，等.工(gong)程教(jiao)育專(zhuan)業(ye)認證背(bei)景下畢業(ye)要求達成(cheng)情況評價(jia)機制的(de)建(jian)立與實施(shi)［J］.高分子通報(bao)，2022（7）：89-96.

［8］戴先中(zhong).對工程教育專業認(ren)(ren)證標(biao)準(zhun)的再認(ren)(ren)識［J］.中(zhong)國大學教學，2022（11）：4-11.

［9］62-68，75.王永泉(quan)，胡改玲，段玉崗(gang)，等.產出導向的課(ke)程教學(xue)：設(she)計、實施與評價［J］.高等工程教育研究，2019（3）：62-68，75.

［10］廖(liao)勇，周(zhou)世(shi)杰(jie)，湯羽，等.面向“項(xiang)目中心課程模式(shi)”的進(jin)階(jie)式(shi)挑戰性跨學(xue)科項(xiang)目設計與實(shi)踐［J］.高等工程教育研究(jiu)，2021（2）：47-54.

作者:胡威 安波 李(li)琳(lin) 單位:武漢科技大學(xue) 計算機學(xue)院(yuan) 北(bei)京高科云教(jiao)育科技有限(xian)公司 武漢理工大學(xue) 計算機學(xue)院(yuan)