導語：數字化測繪(hui)技術在地質工程測量的應用(yong)一文來源于網友上傳，不代(dai)表(biao)本站觀(guan)點(dian)，若需要原創文章可咨詢(xun)客(ke)服老師，歡迎參考(kao)。

摘要：地質測量是工程設計與施工的前提和依據。近年來，由于計算機技術、信息科學技術不斷運用于測繪工程，測量技術從傳統方法向數字化發展邁出了重要的一步，在地質工程測繪中運用數字化技術，可以高效地獲得(de)更(geng)為(wei)精確(que)的(de)數據。本文簡要介(jie)紹了(le)數字化測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)技術及其優勢，闡述(shu)了(le)地質(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)測(ce)(ce)量中具(ju)體應用數字化測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)技術的(de)方向，以期促進測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)技術和地質(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)發(fa)展。

關鍵詞：數字化；測繪(hui)技術；地質工程測量；應(ying)用

隨著社會的(de)(de)進(jin)步和(he)(he)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，測繪技(ji)術被廣泛應用(yong)在建筑、地(di)質、礦山、水(shui)利、煤礦等工程上。近(jin)年來，以計算機(ji)、信息(xi)科學為代(dai)表的(de)(de)數字化技(ji)術不斷運用(yong)于(yu)地(di)質工程測量(liang)，極大(da)地(di)提高了(le)測量(liang)的(de)(de)質量(liang)和(he)(he)效率，測量(liang)數據(ju)更加精確化，促(cu)進(jin)了(le)測繪和(he)(he)地(di)質行(xing)業的(de)(de)生產力發(fa)展(zhan)水(shui)平。

1數字化(hua)測繪技術(shu)簡介

數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)是隨著測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀(yi)(yi)器的智(zhi)能化(hua)(hua)、計算機和(he)網絡的興起與廣(guang)泛運用而發展(zhan)起來的新的測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，是以SCAN、CASS、全球定位系統軟件(jian)(jian)、全站儀(yi)(yi)、GNSS接收機、掃(sao)描(miao)儀(yi)(yi)、工程繪(hui)圖(tu)儀(yi)(yi)等智(zhi)能化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)軟硬件(jian)(jian)為工具，實現對(dui)(dui)測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)數據的收集、采集、處理(li)和(he)導出。其原理(li)是將(jiang)原圖(tu)用數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)儀(yi)(yi)或掃(sao)描(miao)矢量(liang)化(hua)(hua)儀(yi)(yi)掃(sao)描(miao)，然后通(tong)過數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)軟件(jian)(jian)對(dui)(dui)掃(sao)描(miao)圖(tu)進行處理(li)并生成新的數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)地圖(tu)。可以有效(xiao)地解決大(da)比(bi)例尺測(ce)(ce)圖(tu)中野外作(zuo)業量(liang)大(da)的難(nan)題，數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)繪(hui)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)自動化(hua)(hua)程度(du)高(gao)(gao)、工作(zuo)效(xiao)率高(gao)(gao)、成圖(tu)質量(liang)高(gao)(gao)、保(bao)真性高(gao)(gao)，同時能有效(xiao)地節省(sheng)勞動力、降(jiang)低成本(ben)。

2數字化(hua)測繪技術的優勢

2.1增(zeng)加勘(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確率(lv)。傳(chuan)統測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)存在(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)過程(cheng)(cheng)中效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)不高，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)不夠(gou)準確、且與(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)偏(pian)差較大(da)等弊病。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)通過信(xin)(xin)息(xi)收(shou)集(ji)，把(ba)采(cai)集(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)或文字(zi)(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)為數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，并在(zai)此基礎(chu)上建成(cheng)三維(wei)模(mo)型。這樣(yang)運用(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)，極(ji)(ji)大(da)地(di)(di)降低了(le)(le)(le)誤差率(lv)，提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確率(lv)。另外，在(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)不需(xu)要測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)最終(zhong)結果進(jin)(jin)行(xing)多(duo)次核查與(yu)(yu)糾正，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)準確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)極(ji)(ji)大(da)了(le)(le)(le)節(jie)省了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)力成(cheng)本，也(ye)節(jie)約了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。2.2促(cu)進(jin)(jin)點(dian)(dian)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升。傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)方(fang)法(fa)在(zai)把(ba)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)標記(ji)(ji)在(zai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)紙上，這種把(ba)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)制在(zai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)紙上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，必定會造(zao)成(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)結果與(yu)(yu)現(xian)場(chang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)之間(jian)(jian)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)誤差，從而(er)降低數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)點(dian)(dian)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)準度(du)。而(er)且，隨著測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推進(jin)(jin)，圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)多(duo)必然會使(shi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)紙上產生越來越多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)，圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疊加會使(shi)誤差進(jin)(jin)一步加大(da)。與(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)統測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)不同，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)主要運用(yong)(yong)經度(du)與(yu)(yu)緯度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)來進(jin)(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)處理，具有(you)極(ji)(ji)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)點(dian)(dian)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)，其誤差范圍一般在(zai)±0.5mm之間(jian)(jian)。所以(yi)(yi)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)具有(you)極(ji)(ji)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)準度(du)。2.3推動(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)質工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。在(zai)傳(chuan)統測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，對(dui)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)需(xu)要測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)做統一整理與(yu)(yu)記(ji)(ji)錄，再用(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)不高，也(ye)容易出錯(cuo)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，則不需(xu)要工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)再次核對(dui)現(xian)場(chang)得(de)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)記(ji)(ji)錄，只需(xu)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定位(wei)及(ji)坐(zuo)標點(dian)(dian)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)系(xi)統借助經緯點(dian)(dian)和(he)有(you)關數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。所以(yi)(yi)，地(di)(di)質工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)中借助數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。也(ye)就是(shi)說，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)能提(ti)高地(di)(di)質工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平，從而(er)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)質工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。2.4提(ti)高數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存取(qu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。由于數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)資源(yuan)具有(you)精(jing)確、高效(xiao)(xiao)、迅速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特征(zheng)，所以(yi)(yi)應用(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)把(ba)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)(bao)存為文字(zi)(zi)(zi)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)、符號(hao)等，能極(ji)(ji)大(da)地(di)(di)提(ti)高文件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸速(su)度(du)，節(jie)約傳(chuan)輸時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)復(fu)制性(xing)，能讓(rang)多(duo)個(ge)用(yong)(yong)戶同時(shi)(shi)(shi)便捷地(di)(di)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)技(ji)術(shu)能及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)把(ba)現(xian)場(chang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)得(de)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)為數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)存和(he)讀(du)取(qu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，為后期(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)奠(dian)定了(le)(le)(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)。

3數字化測繪技術在地質工程測量中的應用

3.1地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)為(wei)(wei)了(le)讓勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)正(zheng)確(que)(que)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)把握測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，從而(er)做(zuo)(zuo)更(geng)精確(que)(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)斷。測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作人(ren)(ren)員能(neng)(neng)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)各種(zhong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)做(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)選(xuan)擇(ze)，篩(shai)選(xuan)最(zui)適合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，規避無(wu)關(guan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干預。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)把計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據庫(ku)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)完美結合(he)，使(shi)獲得(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據更(geng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)精準化(hua)(hua)。近年(nian)來，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)明顯地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)向(xiang)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)、自動化(hua)(hua)、多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)，擴展(zhan)(zhan)了(le)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)價值，目(mu)前已經廣(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)資(zi)源(yuan)、林業、電信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、國(guo)防、交通(tong)(tong)、電力、環(huan)(huan)保等(deng)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)還能(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)組合(he)，如(ru)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)遙感技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)結合(he)，將遙感技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)距(ju)離較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)設(she)備統(tong)(tong)(tong)一為(wei)(wei)一體(ti)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)科(ke)學(xue)、合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)來處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)問題、勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)問題，不僅完成了(le)動態(tai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)礦(kuang)產(chan)(chan)勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)任(ren)務，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)(que)性(xing)(xing)也得(de)(de)到(dao)了(le)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)提高(gao)，為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)獲得(de)(de)了(le)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)空(kong)間。3.2影(ying)像(xiang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)如(ru)果要對(dui)巖石類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境做(zuo)(zuo)勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，需要借(jie)助影(ying)像(xiang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。其(qi)原理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境取得(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據做(zuo)(zuo)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)像(xiang)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，最(zui)終(zhong)形(xing)成勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)結果。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)還能(neng)(neng)配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)遙感影(ying)像(xiang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)等(deng)其(qi)他技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)影(ying)像(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)，并(bing)能(neng)(neng)展(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)況和(he)(he)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)景。與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)相(xiang)比(bi)，影(ying)像(xiang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)更(geng)具(ju)體(ti)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)便捷(jie)，有助于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作人(ren)(ren)員更(geng)加(jia)深(shen)入了(le)解實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)況。3.3數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)柵(zha)格(ge)(ge)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)。對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)做(zuo)(zuo)勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)時(shi)(shi)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)柵(zha)格(ge)(ge)軟(ruan)(ruan)件借(jie)助電腦(nao)，充分利用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)儀器繪(hui)(hui)制(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)，把地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)和(he)(he)經濟等(deng)發展(zhan)(zhan)內容做(zuo)(zuo)組合(he)，從而(er)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)和(he)(he)位(wei)置坐標(biao)相(xiang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一，形(xing)成完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構架(jia)，能(neng)(neng)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機快(kuai)速查找并(bing)獲得(de)(de)想要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據。和(he)(he)傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)繪(hui)(hui)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)柵(zha)格(ge)(ge)軟(ruan)(ruan)件在(zai)(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)件時(shi)(shi)有諸多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點，比(bi)如(ru)繪(hui)(hui)制(zhi)(zhi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)件數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)、處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據快(kuai)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據儲存空(kong)間大(da)(da)等(deng)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)柵(zha)格(ge)(ge)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一個(ge)(ge)關(guan)鍵(jian)內容，在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)、繪(hui)(hui)制(zhi)(zhi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)件、礦(kuang)山采礦(kuang)設(she)施和(he)(he)礦(kuang)產(chan)(chan)資(zi)源(yuan)基(ji)礎(chu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據建立中(zhong)(zhong)有著十分重要作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.4GPS測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。就(jiu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)來說，現(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)GPS技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，GPS全(quan)稱(cheng)是(shi)全(quan)球(qiu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)全(quan)球(qiu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)上發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，首先應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)軍事領域。在(zai)(zai)礦(kuang)山工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠建設(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，全(quan)球(qiu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)能(neng)(neng)滿足各種(zhong)條件下地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)即時(shi)(shi)觀測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，因為(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)全(quan)面監(jian)控(kong)，為(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)建設(she)提供了(le)精確(que)(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據。另外(wai)，在(zai)(zai)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，全(quan)球(qiu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)能(neng)(neng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)將地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)面囊括，做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)360度(du)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)，能(neng)(neng)把測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據及時(shi)(shi)傳送到(dao)電腦(nao)終(zhong)端，技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員則可以使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)軟(ruan)(ruan)件算(suan)(suan)出(chu)(chu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)加(jia)快(kuai)了(le)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)，同時(shi)(shi)提高(gao)了(le)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精度(du)。GPS技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)不但具(ju)有精確(que)(que)性(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)及時(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點，還能(neng)(neng)對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)迅(xun)速定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)，即時(shi)(shi)采集并(bing)保存數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據。在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)GPS技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)能(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)提高(gao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率，加(jia)快(kuai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進度(du)，減少工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開支。3.5實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)動態(tai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)(zhong)關(guan)鍵(jian)因素之(zhi)一是(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)面積，它在(zai)(zai)我國(guo)各類(lei)(lei)等(deng)級控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)第一控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)要求，此時(shi)(shi)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)就(jiu)展(zhan)(zhan)示出(chu)(chu)其(qi)強(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)。假如(ru)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)范圍(wei)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，可調節數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)動態(tai)監(jian)控(kong)低(di)級別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作點來實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)有關(guan)礦(kuang)產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)中(zhong)(zhong)，當面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)情(qing)況更(geng)復雜(za)多(duo)變，影(ying)響到(dao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)(que)性(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)繪(hui)(hui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)動態(tai)監(jian)控(kong)，可以規避在(zai)(zai)視覺條件差的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下進行(xing)(xing)(xing)遠距(ju)離勘(kan)(kan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，在(zai)(zai)最(zui)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)。

4結束語

地質工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在很多領域都能運用(yong)，如水利、礦山、建(jian)筑等領域，因此在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中不可或缺，特別重要(yao)。由于(yu)社(she)會(hui)科技(ji)和信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)與變化(hua)，地質工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)是否能適(shi)應時代(dai)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)而改革創新，這是目前需要(yao)深入討論的(de)(de)話題(ti)。數(shu)字化(hua)測(ce)繪(hui)(hui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)系統能夠(gou)廣泛地用(yong)于(yu)地質工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)量，不僅能大幅度(du)地提升測(ce)繪(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)效率、提高施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)速度(du)，還能確保(bao)測(ce)繪(hui)(hui)數(shu)據的(de)(de)準確性。

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作者:段旭龍 單位:興義民族(zu)師范學院