導語：如何才(cai)能寫好(hao)一篇弱(ruo)電工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)安(an)全方案，這就需要搜(sou)集整(zheng)理更多的(de)資料和文獻，歡迎閱(yue)讀(du)由公務員(yuan)之家(jia)整(zheng)理的(de)十篇范文，供你借(jie)鑒。

篇1

【關鍵詞】機電工程師(shi)；現場管理；方法

Talk about how to do a good job-site mechanical and electrical engineers

Wang Xing-li

(Shaanxi Han and Tang Dynasties Computer Co., Ltd Xi'an Shaanxi 710061)

【Abstract】How do on-site mechanical and electrical engineers is a crucial site construction management, specifically from the several aspects of how to conduct on-site management.

【Key words】Mechanical and electrical engineers;The on-site management

機(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)主要職責是監(jian)控工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)，是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)中工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)的第一(yi)監(jian)督人。它(ta)不僅要求執業者(zhe)懂得工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技術知(zhi)識、成本核算，還需要其非(fei)常清楚施工(gong)法規。如何做好現場機(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)是現場管理工(gong)作(zuo)中至關重要的一(yi)項(xiang)。

1. 機電工程師監督范圍電氣安裝、調整試驗、設備驗收，弱電工程的安裝、調試驗收

2. 機電工程師監管內容

2.1 設備(bei)材料進場驗收(shou)(shou)。2.2 工序交接(jie)(jie)確(que)認。2.3 設備(bei)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.4 成套配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜、控(kong)制柜（屏、臺）和(he)動(dong)力照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱（盤）安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.5 低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機檢查接(jie)(jie)線(xian)。2.6 不(bu)間斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.7 低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣動(dong)力設備(bei)試(shi)驗和(he)試(shi)運行。2.8 母線(xian)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.9 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)橋(qiao)架內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)敷設；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)導(dao)管、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)導(dao)管和(he)線(xian)槽敷設；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)穿管和(he)線(xian)槽敷線(xian)。2.10 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)頭制作、接(jie)(jie)線(xian)和(he)線(xian)路絕緣測試(shi)。2.11 燈具安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，開關(guan)、插座安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.12 建(jian)筑(zhu)物照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試(shi)運行。2.13 接(jie)(jie)地裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)；建(jian)筑(zhu)物等電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位聯結。2.14 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.15 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣消防火(huo)災報警聯動(dong)系(xi)統。2.16 弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)綜合布線(xian)。2.17 弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各系(xi)統安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。2.18 分部(bu)工程驗收(shou)(shou)；竣工驗收(shou)(shou)。

3. 監管目標

3.1 施工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量控制目標(biao)：分項工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)合格率(lv)達到(dao)90％；分部工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)合格率(lv)達到(dao)100％；單位工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)合格率(lv)達到(dao)100％。

3.2 施工投資(zi)控制目標：總體投資(zi)要按施工合同要求進行資(zi)金(jin)控制。

3.3 施工進(jin)度(du)(du)控制目(mu)標：按項目(mu)確定的總進(jin)度(du)(du)計劃和電氣(qi)(qi)專業進(jin)度(du)(du)計劃完成電氣(qi)(qi)工程施工、達(da)到竣(jun)工驗收條件的時間。

3.4 施工(gong)(gong)(gong)合同管理(li)(li)(li)目標：嚴格管理(li)(li)(li)，爭取不發生工(gong)(gong)(gong)程暫(zan)停事件(jian)，配合總監處理(li)(li)(li)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)程暫(zan)停事件(jian)；嚴格工(gong)(gong)(gong)程變更的(de)(de)管理(li)(li)(li)；處理(li)(li)(li)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)費用索賠、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程工(gong)(gong)(gong)期的(de)(de)延誤、合同的(de)(de)爭議及解除等。

4. 機電工程(cheng)師工作方法

4.1 制定(ding)工作(zuo)(zuo)程序：根據(ju)施(shi)工內容(rong)、施(shi)工環境及施(shi)工人員素質(zhi)，制定(ding)詳細的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)計劃(hua)。

4.2 準備階段的工(gong)作方法。

4.2.1 熟悉(xi)設計文件，對圖紙中存(cun)在的問題提出意見和(he)建議。

4.2.2 參加設(she)計(ji)交底會(hui)，審核報送的施工組織(zhi)設(she)計(ji)，提出審核意見并及時(shi)更改。

 4.2.3 對分包單位(wei)的(de)資質(zhi)等級進行審核并(bing)報監(jian)理工程師簽認。

4.2.4 檢查報(bao)送的(de)工程開工報(bao)審表及(ji)相關資料(liao)。

4.2.5 參(can)加由(you)建設單位主持召開(kai)的(de)工地會議。

4.3 施工階段的(de)工作(zuo)方法。

4.3.1 制(zhi)定并實行好(hao)工地例會制(zhi)度，做(zuo)好(hao)與土建(jian)交(jiao)接檢查工作。

4.3.2 工(gong)程質量控(kong)制的工(gong)作方(fang)法：

（1）要求(qiu)重(zhong)點部位、關鍵工(gong)(gong)序(xu)的施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和確保質量的措(cuo)施報送要真實(shi)。

（2）對采用的新材料(liao)(liao)、新工藝(yi)、新技術、新設備(bei)所報送的施(shi)工工藝(yi)措(cuo)施(shi)和證明材料(liao)(liao)，經審定后予(yu)以簽(qian)認。

（3）審核報送的擬進場工(gong)程材料(liao)(liao)、購配(pei)件(jian)和設(she)備(bei)的工(gong)程材料(liao)(liao)/購配(pei)件(jian)/設(she)備(bei)，及其(qi)質量(liang)證明資料(liao)(liao)。

（4）對(dui)進場(chang)的實物(wu)按合同的約定或(huo)有關(guan)工程質量管理文件(jian)的規定比例進行平行檢(jian)驗或(huo)見證取樣方式進行抽驗。

（5）對未經(jing)監(jian)理(li)驗(yan)收或驗(yan)收不合格的工程材料(liao)、購(gou)配件、設(she)備拒簽(qian)，并(bing)將監(jian)督施(shi)工項(xiang)目(mu)部將不合格的工程材料(liao)、購(gou)配件、設(she)備撤(che)出現場。

（6）定(ding)期檢查設備(bei)的(de)技(ji)術狀(zhuang)況。

（7）對施工(gong)過程(cheng)進行巡視和檢查，對隱蔽工(gong)程(cheng)的隱蔽過程(cheng)、下(xia)道工(gong)序施工(gong)完成(cheng)后難以檢查的重點部位進行旁站做(zuo)好(hao)計量記錄。

（8）對隱蔽(bi)工程報(bao)驗(yan)申(shen)請(qing)表(biao)和自檢結果進(jin)行現場檢查，符合(he)要求予(yu)以簽認。

（9）對(dui)分項工程質量驗評(ping)資料進行(xing)審核，符合要求予以簽認。

（10）對施工過程中產生的質量(liang)缺陷要 及時(shi)整改。

（11）對(dui)(dui)需(xu)要返(fan)工處(chu)理或加固補強的(de)質(zhi)量事故要按照確(que)定的(de)處(chu)理方案對(dui)(dui)處(chu)理的(de)過程(cheng)和結果進行跟(gen)蹤檢查。

4.3.3 工程(cheng)安全監(jian)管工作(zuo)的方法。

（1）開工(gong)(gong)前，項目經(jing)理部要對項目施工(gong)(gong)人員召開安(an)全施工(gong)(gong)專題討論會，加強(qiang)安(an)全知識的深化學習，進一步強(qiang)化施工(gong)(gong)人員的安(an)全意識。

（2）項(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)制(zhi)定安(an)全管理職(zhi)責，落實安(an)全責任制(zhi)，項(xiang)目(mu)經(jing)理負全責，各(ge)機電工程師各(ge)負其責。

（3）審核施工組織設計(ji)中安全管理的條款(kuan)以及開(kai)(kai)工條件中安全施工的準備工作情況，否則不(bu)能開(kai)(kai)工。

（4）對在施(shi)工過程(cheng)中安全隱患的存在，及時整(zheng)改。

（5）機電工(gong)程師對現場(chang)(chang)采取定(ding)期(qi)(qi)或不(bu)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)巡查或旁站(zhan)，對施工(gong)現場(chang)(chang)及(ji)辦公生活區的(de)安(an)全措施進行檢查，對發(fa)現的(de)問(wen)題及(ji)時整改(gai)，同時及(ji)時收(shou)集現場(chang)(chang)安(an)全方面的(de)信息，及(ji)時對信息進行處理。

（6）通過(guo)例會、專(zhuan)題會議解決安全施工中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)的問題。

（7）及時多渠道地(di)向業主或(huo)監(jian)理匯報工程安全(quan)方(fang)面的(de)信息(xi)。

（8）建立安(an)全施工狀(zhuang)況登記(ji)制度，文件中準確及時記(ji)錄安(an)全狀(zhuang)況。

（9）制(zhi)(zhi)定安(an)全施工(gong)管理(li)獎罰(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，對(dui)成(cheng)績優異的人員實行(xing)獎勵(li)，對(dui)責任心不強的人員進行(xing)處(chu)罰(fa)，直(zhi)至(zhi)調(diao)離工(gong)作崗位(wei)。

（10）檢查施工安全生產管理職(zhi)責；檢(jian)查項目(mu)部安(an)全管理組織(zhi)結構(gou)圖；檢(jian)查施(shi)(shi)工安(an)全保(bao)證體系要素(su)、職(zhi)能分配表；檢(jian)查項目(mu)人(ren)員的安(an)全生產崗位責任制；施(shi)(shi)工單位保(bao)證體系要素(su)及職(zhi)能分配表。

（11）檢查施工方案或施(shi)工(gong)組織設(she)計中有(you)否保證工(gong)程質量和安全的具(ju)體(ti)措施(shi)，使之符(fu)合安全施(shi)工(gong)的要求。

（12）檢查安(an)全(quan)設施(shi)，保(bao)證安(an)全(quan)所需(xu)的材料、設備(bei)及(ji)安(an)全(quan)防護用品到位。

（13）強化分包單位安全管理，檢查分包施工安全管理。

（14）按(an)照建筑施工(gong)安全技術標準和規范要求，落實(shi)分(fen)部、分(fen)項工(gong)程(cheng)或(huo)各工(gong)序、關鍵(jian)部位的安全防(fang)護措施。

（15）檢查事故(gu)隱患控制記錄：事故(gu)隱患處理表(biao)、違章處理登記表(biao)等。

（16）檢查(cha)安(an)全教(jiao)育和(he)(he)培(pei)訓(xun)；檢查(cha)安(an)全教(jiao)育和(he)(he)培(pei)訓(xun)目錄(lu)(lu)及記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)說明；新(xin)進(jin)施工現場的各類(lei)施工人(ren)員(yuan)，必須進(jin)行安(an)全教(jiao)育并做好記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)。

（17）注重項目部對施工人員進行安全生產教育及(ji)分部分項工程的安全技術交(jiao)底。

（18）檢查施工現場的消防(fang)工作、冬季防(fang)寒(han)、夏季防(fang)暑、文明施工、衛生防(fang)疫等項工作。

5. 結束語

小樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)成長離不開園(yuan)丁的(de)(de)(de)(de)培育，感謝公司領(ling)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽培，公司同事(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱情幫助(zhu)，使我(wo)少走了(le)很(hen)多彎路，加速了(le)我(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成長，教會我(wo)很(hen)多工(gong)(gong)作技能。工(gong)(gong)作是(shi)嚴肅的(de)(de)(de)(de)，我(wo)們(men)(men)只有本(ben)著(zhu)實事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作態(tai)度，才(cai)能干好工(gong)(gong)作，工(gong)(gong)作是(shi)學習的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程，只有我(wo)們(men)(men)做好了(le)學習筆錄，才(cai)能掌握工(gong)(gong)作。

篇2

關鍵詞：機(ji)電工(gong)程；施工(gong)；管理；思考

中圖(tu)分類(lei)號：F407文獻標識碼： A

一、機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)管理存(cun)在問題

1、機電(dian)工程(cheng)建設市場缺乏規范化的管理

我國社會主義(yi)經濟(ji)制度下的建(jian)設(she)市場發展(zhan)發展(zhan)時間較短，還不成熟；在制度以及管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等方面還存在很多漏洞，從而導(dao)致機(ji)電工程建(jian)設(she)安(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)混亂，不規范(fan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)問題嚴重(zhong)。

2、施工人員素(su)質有(you)待提高

人員(yuan)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)主體，但(dan)是(shi)很(hen)多(duo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)并(bing)沒(mei)有從思想(xiang)上認識到(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)管理的(de)(de)重要(yao)性。對自身責(ze)任(ren)和義(yi)務不明確，專(zhuan)業素質及(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術不過關，導致不能按照要(yao)求開展施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，降低(di)了(le)機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)質量，甚至(zhi)給機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)留(liu)下(xia)了(le)潛在的(de)(de)隱患。現(xian)階段，隨(sui)著(zhu)農民(min)工(gong)數量的(de)(de)逐步增加，很(hen)多(duo)不具備(bei)機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)專(zhuan)業知(zhi)識的(de)(de)農民(min)工(gong)進入到(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)隊伍中來，導致施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)隊伍不能滿足現(xian)代化機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)需(xu)求。

3、機電工程質量以及(ji)施工技術管理被忽視

當前，大部分機電(dian)工程(cheng)沒有引起相(xiang)關建設(she)(she)單位的重(zhong)視，對他(ta)們來說更像一(yi)項行政(zheng)任(ren)務；因此為了按(an)時(shi)完成任(ren)務，建設(she)(she)單位過分重(zhong)視工程(cheng)進度(du)而(er)忽略了工程(cheng)安全，從而(er)造成機電(dian)工程(cheng)管理問題頻發，導致社會(hui)資源的嚴(yan)重(zhong)浪(lang)費。

4、施工(gong)企業管理水平(ping)不(bu)高

由于機電工(gong)程建設市場缺乏(fa)規范(fan)化管理(li)(li)，對施(shi)工(gong)企業(ye)管理(li)(li)不嚴格，導致(zhi)施(shi)工(gong)單位缺乏(fa)有效監督(du)，施(shi)工(gong)管理(li)(li)水平不足。另外，一些(xie)建設企業(ye)甚至依靠行賄等非法(fa)手段以(yi)求獲得工(gong)程項目，然后利用(yong)劣質施(shi)工(gong)材料、設備(bei)等在缺乏(fa)正確合理(li)(li)設計(ji)方案圖紙和專業(ye)施(shi)工(gong)隊伍的基(ji)礎(chu)上盲目施(shi)工(gong)，最終導致(zhi)建筑存在嚴重的安(an)全以(yi)及技術問題，威脅著機電工(gong)程的安(an)全和質量。

二、機電工程施(shi)工管理的措施(shi)

1、機電安裝工(gong)程施工(gong)準備階段的管理

1.1 施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)需(xu)全(quan)面(mian)掌握(wo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)及設計內(nei)容。圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)順利進(jin)(jin)行的前提，圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)審(shen)(shen)核應(ying)(ying)該(gai)作為質量管理(li)的第(di)一關(guan)；在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之前需(xu)要(yao)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)由管理(li)人員(yuan)進(jin)(jin)行嚴格會(hui)審(shen)(shen)，審(shen)(shen)核無誤后方可按(an)照(zhao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行各項(xiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操(cao)作。機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)(ying)與(yu)國(guo)家相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)規定相(xiang)(xiang)符，保證機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量符合機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量驗收標準。由于機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)序十(shi)分復雜，且有很(hen)多需(xu)要(yao)注意的事項(xiang)，要(yao)想防(fang)患于未然(ran)，實現機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量控制，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位在(zai)(zai)接到(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)后，應(ying)(ying)組織工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)人員(yuan)和施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)骨干(gan)認真熟悉圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)，對機(ji)(ji)電安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的功能、土建(jian)結構、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度計劃(hua)和施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)以及相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)設計內(nei)容等全(quan)面(mian)掌握(wo)。

1.2 合理(li)組(zu)織施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍及(ji)(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)員是決(jue)定機電(dian)安裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量的(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)因素，因此一定要對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)營業執(zhi)照和專業許(xu)可(ke)證(zheng)進(jin)(jin)行審查(cha)；檢查(cha)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員崗(gang)位(wei)(wei)證(zheng)書，杜絕無證(zheng)上崗(gang)。此外(wai)，基(ji)于施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍與管理(li)人(ren)(ren)員在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中的(de)(de)(de)重要性，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業應積極組(zu)建優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍，在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)水平及(ji)(ji)素養進(jin)(jin)行評(ping)估，科學篩(shai)選(xuan)(xuan)技(ji)術(shu)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員，并選(xuan)(xuan)拔一些(xie)管理(li)經驗較為豐富的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)員，對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行為進(jin)(jin)行約(yue)束管理(li)。

1.3 合理采購施(shi)工(gong)(gong)材料(liao)設備(bei)(bei)。材料(liao)和設備(bei)(bei)是機電工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)必(bi)要條件，而且在機電工(gong)(gong)程的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中占(zhan)有很大的(de)比重，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業應該在保證設備(bei)(bei)和材料(liao)質(zhi)量的(de)基礎(chu)上降低成本，選擇物美價廉(lian)的(de)設備(bei)(bei)材料(liao)。

1.4編制(zhi)機電安裝施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)。機電安裝施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)主要(yao)包括施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)組(zu)織部(bu)署(shu)、工(gong)(gong)期計劃及保(bao)證措施(shi)(shi)、工(gong)(gong)藝流程(cheng)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)控制(zhi)措施(shi)(shi)和主要(yao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)法等，是施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業的(de)指導性文件。在實際工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中，只(zhi)有加強對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場的(de)調研(yan)，編制(zhi)出符合工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)特點的(de)科學施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)，才能保(bao)障施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業合理(li)有序地進行，也(ye)才談(tan)得上保(bao)障安裝質(zhi)量(liang)。

1.5 崗(gang)前(qian)(qian)培訓。組建(jian)優秀的(de)施(shi)工(gong)隊伍以后，應對(dui)所有施(shi)工(gong)人員進行(xing)崗(gang)前(qian)(qian)培訓，讓施(shi)工(gong)人員充分了解(jie)機(ji)電(dian)安裝(zhuang)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)的(de)特點、施(shi)工(gong)重點及(ji)相關施(shi)工(gong)規范，對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)隊伍進行(xing)全方位的(de)技術交(jiao)底，落(luo)實施(shi)工(gong)步驟，明確每個施(shi)工(gong)人員的(de)任(ren)(ren)務與責任(ren)(ren)。

2、機電工(gong)程施工(gong)中的管(guan)理(li)

2.1 技術交(jiao)底的(de)管(guan)理

技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)開始前的(de)(de)第(di)一項工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，也是比(bi)較重要(yao)的(de)(de)一項工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，與機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是否順利完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)有著直(zhi)接的(de)(de)聯系。首先，要(yao)對整(zheng)個(ge)的(de)(de)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)包括各(ge)個(ge)分項、分部的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，確保(bao)每一個(ge)參與施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)人員(yuan)都能(neng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)真實(shi)的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。其(qi)次(ci)，在進(jin)行(xing)(xing)技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，需要(yao)注意對一些特殊的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或隱蔽的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)加強管理。如：成(cheng)(cheng)品保(bao)護、易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)事故的(de)(de)部位、投(tou)入新(xin)結構和(he)(he)新(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)等，確保(bao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍之(zhi)間的(de)(de)相互了(le)解，才能(neng)進(jin)一步保(bao)證機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)順利完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。第(di)三，技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容必須要(yao)保(bao)證清晰、完(wan)整(zheng)；而(er)且在交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，必須由(you)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)人和(he)(he)接受人進(jin)行(xing)(xing)親筆(bi)簽名，同時要(yao)詳細標注交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底(di)(di)(di)時間。

2.2 母線的安(an)裝施(shi)工(gong)管理

母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)是機電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)的(de)重點工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)之(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)信道的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)是否完成(cheng)進(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha)(cha)，確保(bao)完成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)再進(jin)行(xing)下一個安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)操作(zuo)(zuo)，避免在(zai)(zai)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)出現(xian)(xian)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)受損的(de)現(xian)(xian)象。在(zai)(zai)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連(lian)(lian)接完成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)連(lian)(lian)接的(de)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha)(cha)，確保(bao)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)能(neng)夠與開關設備(bei)有效的(de)連(lian)(lian)接，同時還要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)各個連(lian)(lian)接好(hao)的(de)部位進(jin)行(xing)密封。在(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，需要(yao)(yao)注意(yi)的(de)是，母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)搬運(yun)到機電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)其做好(hao)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)防潮工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，避免母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)受潮影(ying)響到母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)正(zheng)常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)；在(zai)(zai)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)完開關、插座以及燈具等方面的(de)電氣之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)好(hao)的(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路進(jin)行(xing)檢測和(he)調試(shi)，確保(bao)每條線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路都能(neng)正(zheng)常運(yun)行(xing)。

2.3 安全施工管理

對(dui)(dui)(dui)于任(ren)何(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)來(lai)說(shuo)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)(li)都是最重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)，機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也是如此(ci)，必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)做(zuo)好(hao)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，才能(neng)確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)；而(er)且就安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)(li)來(lai)說(shuo)，是貫穿機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)整個過程(cheng)，而(er)要(yao)切實的(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)好(hao)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)從以(yi)下幾方(fang)面(mian)抓起：①加(jia)強對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)查(cha)和巡視，一旦發現(xian)(xian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)出現(xian)(xian)不規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)，要(yao)及時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)糾正，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)釀成(cheng)大的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事故；②需要(yao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位樹立良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識，嚴格遵守(shou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)規(gui)章制度，并自覺的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)可(ke)能(neng)存在的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)因(yin)素(su)(su)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)處理(li)(li)，當然需要(yao)在規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)范圍之內，如果安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)因(yin)素(su)(su)超出了(le)操作(zuo)規(gui)范范圍之外，要(yao)及時上(shang)報，由上(shang)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)處理(li)(li)，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)影響到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)正常施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)；③對(dui)(dui)(dui)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)監督，主要(yao)從定期(qi)檢(jian)查(cha)、隨時抽檢(jian)的(de)(de)(de)監督方(fang)式進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，尤其(qi)是在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)高峰階段，要(yao)加(jia)強對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)氣線(xian)路、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設備(bei)等(deng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)重點檢(jian)查(cha)，避(bi)(bi)免(mian)發生(sheng)人員觸電(dian)(dian)、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設備(bei)傷人等(deng)事故發生(sheng)，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)提(ti)高機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)水平，確保整個施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)。

3、機電(dian)工(gong)程竣(jun)工(gong)驗收的管理

竣工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)是(shi)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)，也是(shi)最重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)。從這個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)能夠對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)情況(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查，當然需要(yao)建立在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)工(gong)(gong)作人員(yuan)嚴格(ge)按(an)照工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)要(yao)求和設計(ji)要(yao)求之上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。首先，對機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理要(yao)加(jia)強對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)和評定(ding)；根據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種資料，如：試驗(yan)(yan)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)、技術性(xing)文件、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)查等方面進(jin)行(xing)(xing)評價。其次，要(yao)對機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種材料進(jin)行(xing)(xing)完整性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查，避免施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)材料之間出現相互沖突、相互矛盾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。最后(hou)(hou)，在(zai)對機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)情況(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)匯(hui)報(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，必須要(yao)保(bao)證做(zuo)好施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)簽訂質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保(bao)修書的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關工(gong)(gong)作，這樣才能保(bao)證機(ji)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利(li)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。

結束語

總而(er)言(yan)之(zhi)，機(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)的質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制工(gong)(gong)(gong)作是(shi)非常嚴峻的，在具體的項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)實施(shi)(shi)中要把握(wo)好機(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，就(jiu)必須對(dui)機(ji)電施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進行(xing)事(shi)前(qian)控(kong)(kong)制事(shi)中監督和事(shi)后反饋，以(yi)此來實現(xian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制能夠有效的實現(xian)。除此之(zhi)外，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)還(huan)應當對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員加強管(guan)理，通過其自身技術的提高來達到(dao)規避安全隱患的目(mu)的。由于(yu)機(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)還(huan)需大量(liang)(liang)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備原材料(liao)及器件和構件等(deng)，不(bu)斷總結和創新質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制管(guan)理方法，采取適宜(yi)各項(xiang)(xiang)綜合措施(shi)(shi)來達到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)有效實現(xian)。

參考文獻

[1]陳(chen)民治，白(bai)俊.機(ji)電安裝工(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)與質量(liang)控制[J].中國(guo)高新技術(shu)企業.2011（13）：152.

篇3

較長時期以來，安(an)全(quan)監理(li)一直是(shi)個十分敏(min)感的(de)(de)話題，經過業界(jie)、學界(jie)和政界(jie)的(de)(de)多次(ci)博弈，至今(jin)仍(reng)無確切的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)論。其核(he)心(xin)問(wen)題就(jiu)是(shi)如何界(jie)定(ding)(ding)安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)監理(li)責任(ren)？怎(zen)樣落實安(an)全(quan)監理(li)責任(ren)？本人(ren)謹從監理(li)實踐的(de)(de)角度，談談施工(gong)階(jie)段監理(li)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)責任(ren)問(wen)題。

一(yi)、安(an)全監(jian)理責任的由(you)來(lai)

當今社(she)會(hui)是個比(bi)較完善(shan)的(de)(de)法(fa)制社(she)會(hui)，也是個相對(dui)成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)市場(chang)經濟社(she)會(hui)，從這一基點出發(fa)，本人試圖(tu)從以下(xia)方(fang)面探索(suo)安全(quan)(quan)監(jian)理(li)責任的(de)(de)由來，即：誰界(jie)定(ding)監(jian)理(li)的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)責任?監(jian)理(li)為(wei)何承擔安全(quan)(quan)責任？

——從法律層(ceng)面(mian)看：建筑法沒有(you)明(ming)確界定.地方法也沒有(you)明(ming)確界定。建筑施(shi)工(gong)的主體是施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位，施(shi)工(gong)安(an)全責任本應由施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位承擔。

——從經(jing)濟層面看：市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)機制無法(fa)將安(an)全責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)賦予(yu)監理單位。建(jian)設單位也無法(fa)將安(an)全責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)賦予(yu)監理單位。市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)不具備權(quan)力機制，業主不具備高位責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)轉嫁權(quan)力。

——從(cong)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)層面看：由(you)于行(xing)政(zheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)特點，地(di)方監(jian)管部門與(yu)行(xing)政(zheng)委托(tuo)授權的(de)組(zu)合，導致責、權、利的(de)分割(ge)，某(mou)些機構以法律法規的(de)名義，人為地(di)對(dui)安(an)全監(jian)管的(de)責、權、利整體進(jin)行(xing)剝離(li)，留下權力(li)和利益，而(er)把責任(ren)推(tui)給了監(jian)理。由(you)于監(jian)理市場無序競爭的(de)現實存在(zai)，多數監(jian)理企(qi)業在(zai)無力(li)改變外部環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)情況下，只能選(xuan)擇適應既(ji)成的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，不得不接受安(an)全責任(ren)，勉為其難的(de)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)全監(jian)理。

簡而言之(zhi)，是地方行政部門(men)強(qiang)制界(jie)定(ding)了監理的安(an)全責(ze)任！是監理企業為了生存而無奈(nai)的承擔起安(an)全監理責(ze)任！

二、安全監理(li)責任的履(lv)行

既然(ran)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)已成定勢，監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)就必須責(ze)(ze)無旁貸地(di)履(lv)行(xing)義務，義無反(fan)顧地(di)承擔(dan)責(ze)(ze)任，這是市場發展和(he)企業生(sheng)存(cun)的必然(ran)。在實際工作中應該怎樣履(lv)行(xing)職責(ze)(ze)，更為有效的落實監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)責(ze)(ze)任呢？

其(qi)一(yi)(yi)，監(jian)理機構必須具備良好的(de)(de)團隊精神(shen)。監(jian)理工作(zuo)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)有機的(de)(de)整體，不可能將安全(quan)工作(zuo)與(yu)其(qi)他監(jian)理工作(zuo)人為割裂，需要(yao)全(quan)體監(jian)理人員的(de)(de)共同配(pei)合與(yu)協調。

其二(er)，監理(li)人員必(bi)須(xu)具備(bei)(bei)扎實全面(mian)的專業知(zhi)識(shi)。安全監理(li)是個繁雜(za)龐大的系統工(gong)程，涉及機械、電氣(qi)(qi)、建筑、材(cai)料、化工(gong)、醫學、氣(qi)(qi)象、地質、人文、經(jing)(jing)濟、管理(li)、心理(li)學、預測學等(deng)等(deng)眾多(duo)(duo)學科(ke)，而且實際施工(gong)中，往(wang)往(wang)多(duo)(duo)層面(mian)、多(duo)(duo)因素糾纏穿插(cha)，這就要(yao)求監理(li)人員具備(bei)(bei)一專多(duo)(duo)能的知(zhi)識(shi)功底(di)和(he)扎實全面(mian)的經(jing)(jing)驗積累(lei)，否則難以應對。

其三，實施監(jian)理(li)(li)必須貫徹(che)嚴謹細致(zhi)的工(gong)作(zuo)作(zuo)風。施工(gong)監(jian)理(li)(li)處于多立面、多層次、多人(ren)群、多社團的復雜空(kong)間，每天都要應對來自各方面的事務(wu)和難題，安全監(jian)理(li)(li)更是(shi)涉及(ji)人(ren)命(ming)關(guan)天的大事。因此，除了(le)嚴格執行條例規范(fan)、履行監(jian)理(li)(li)程(cheng)序之外，監(jian)理(li)(li)人(ren)員還必須遇事謹慎，多方求證，處置果斷，始(shi)(shi)終堅持(chi)(chi)謹慎、細致(zhi)、客觀、務(wu)實的工(gong)作(zuo)作(zuo)風，始(shi)(shi)終保持(chi)(chi)開朗、豁達、樂觀、向上的心理(li)(li)狀態。

其四，監理(li)(li)單位必須建(jian)立目標(biao)明(ming)晰的(de)風險機制。當(dang)前的(de)監理(li)(li)企業(ye)多數處在夾(jia)縫生存(cun)空間，面對上下左右的(de)多重壓力和隱性(xing)危機，除了苦練(lian)內功，增(zeng)強自身生存(cun)能力外，還應當(dang)建(jian)立目標(biao)明(ming)確(que)、切(qie)實可行、系(xi)統(tong)全面、反應快(kuai)速的(de)風險防范機制。特別是安全監理(li)(li)，更應要求全體人員(yuan)牢固樹立“不(bu)給他人制造麻(ma)煩，堅決杜絕他人給自己帶來麻(ma)煩”的(de)防范意識，凡事(shi)謹慎為上，處事(shi)立據為要。

針對上述(shu)各點，結合項(xiang)目情況(kuang)，簡略介紹我(wo)們的安全監理實踐。

1、工(gong)程概(gai)況(kuang)：中國物聯網研究中心為(wei)雙子座框(kuang)架核心筒全幕(mu)墻建(jian)筑，具(ju)有(you)高（建(jian)筑高度88.9米(mi)，局部(bu)層(ceng)高9.8米(mi)，質(zhi)量目(mu)標揚子杯）、大（體(ti)量大、總(zong)建(jian)筑面積66166.6平(ping)米(mi)，單體(ti)建(jian)筑33083.3平(ping)米(mi)）、全（專業齊全，包括(kuo)建(jian)筑體(ti)系、玻璃幕(mu)墻、中央(yang)配電、中央(yang)空調、變頻(pin)給水、通風排煙、消防噴淋、智能監控(kong)、高速(su)電梯等(deng)）、緊（施工(gong)工(gong)期短，主體(ti)結構平(ping)均每8天一層(ceng)）的特點。

2、安全特(te)點：本項目(mu)施(shi)工則具有高（高層建筑、高空作(zuo)業、高大模(mo)板、高空吊(diao)籃）、大（100米(mi)塔吊(diao)，92米(mi)升降(jiang)機，11.4米(mi)跨距(ju)梁板）、全（涉及所有危險源(yuan)）、多（業主平行(xing)發包項目(mu)多，進場施(shi)工單(dan)位多）的(de)特(te)點。

3、危險因素分析：

工程(cheng)施(shi)工的(de)(de)影響因素不外乎人(ren)、機、料、法、環，而可能引起施(shi)工安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)因素則稱之為(wei)(wei)事(shi)故(gu)隱患，其中人(ren)、機、環境(jing)三者安(an)全(quan)品(pin)質匹(pi)配間的(de)(de)缺陷就是(shi)事(shi)故(gu)直接(jie)隱患，包括人(ren)的(de)(de)不安(an)全(quan)行為(wei)(wei)和物的(de)(de)不安(an)全(quan)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。監(jian)理(li)人(ren)員的(de)(de)職責就是(shi)要及(ji)時發現(xian)和控(kong)制事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)直接(jie)隱患。本(ben)工程(cheng)涉(she)及(ji)的(de)(de)危險源如下所列(lie)：

——人的因素：進(jin)場(chang)施工(gong)單位(wei)有宜(yi)興建工(gong)、蘇州(zhou)金(jin)螳螂、江蘇天(tian)目(mu)建設、江蘇新時(shi)代防火、常州(zhou)蒂(di)森(sen)電梯(ti)、無(wu)錫電力安(an)裝(zhuang)等六家，施工(gong)高峰時(shi)進(jin)場(chang)工(gong)人超過600人；存在(zai)大(da)量(liang)立面交叉和平(ping)面交叉作業現象；

——物(wu)的(de)因素：100米(mi)塔吊2臺，92米(mi)升降機2臺，高(gao)空吊籃68臺；各(ge)種(zhong)固(gu)定(ding)式和移動式配電箱、柜180余個；層高(gao)9.8米(mi)、跨(kua)距11.4米(mi)的(de)高(gao)大模板；開(kai)(kai)挖面積8000平(ping)米(mi)、開(kai)(kai)挖深度5.8米(mi)的(de)深基坑；6層總高(gao)23.4米(mi)懸(xuan)挑腳(jiao)手架(jia)及(ji)附設(she)卸料平(ping)臺；3臺空調(diao)冷水機組（12噸(dun)/臺）吊裝(zhuang)；還有(you)各(ge)種(zhong)施工設(she)備和機具；

——環(huan)境因素：大面積高空全臨邊施工作業面；4座(zuo)樓梯、8個(ge)電梯井(jing)、8個(ge)通(tong)風井(jing)、2個(ge)強電井(jing)、2個(ge)弱電井(jing)、2個(ge)上水管(guan)道井(jing)、2個(ge)排水管(guan)道井(jing)、4個(ge)空調管(guan)道井(jing)及設(she)備(bei)吊裝口等(deng)合計533個(ge)洞口；

——其他因素：總包單位(wei)雖(sui)屬一(yi)級承(cheng)包企業(ye)，但項目部技(ji)術員(yuan)、質量員(yuan)、安全員(yuan)、現場電工的素質參差不齊(qi)，操作(zuo)工人來自(zi)四面八(ba)方(fang)，安全操作(zuo)技(ji)能一(yi)般，安全意(yi)識不足，管理水平一(yi)般；建設單位(wei)付款條件較(jiao)差，有50%的工程墊資(zi)，而且對工期要求很(hen)緊。

4、主要工作：

綜合來看，本項目安全狀(zhuang)況并不理(li)想，安全監理(li)具有一(yi)定(ding)難度。鑒于此：

確定監理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)針：總監全(quan)面(mian)兼(jian)顧(gu)，專監重點把關，全(quan)員團結協作(zuo)，共創(chuang)優(you)質服(fu)務，杜絕安全(quan)事故，力爭揚子(zi)杯金(jin)獎。

形成安(an)全(quan)(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)制度：實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)中，我們形成了(le)“日巡視，周檢(jian)查，月評估(gu)(gu)”的安(an)全(quan)(quan)監理(li)制度，即重點危險源(yuan)天(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)巡查，發現問題記錄在案；整體工(gong)程(cheng)每周巡檢(jian)，巡檢(jian)情況(kuang)雙方確認(ren)；整個項(xiang)目每月評估(gu)(gu)，評價結果(guo)存檔備查。并且(qie)按(an)照P-D-C-A循環方法(fa)，不斷完善，逐(zhu)步將本(ben)工(gong)程(cheng)的安(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)導入良(liang)性發展軌道(dao)。

遵循監(jian)理工(gong)作(zuo)程(cheng)序：總(zong)監(jian)定期(qi)組織安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)和(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)環(huan)境評估；工(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)，不(bu)(bu)忘(wang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)因(yin)素(su)和(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)措施(shi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)；明確安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)監(jian)理負責人(ren)員，統(tong)一管理日常安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)；認真(zhen)審查(cha)(cha)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)方案(an)和(he)措施(shi)，不(bu)(bu)符(fu)合(he)要求的，退回重新編制(zhi)報審；巡(xun)視檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)發現安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)隱患，及時(shi)通知整(zheng)改(gai)和(he)跟蹤復查(cha)(cha)；開展具體監(jian)理工(gong)作(zuo)，嚴格執行強(qiang)制(zhi)性標準法規條文。基本做到(dao)：方案(an)編制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)完善，不(bu)(bu)得組織實施(shi)：安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)措施(shi)不(bu)(bu)落實，不(bu)(bu)得組織開工(gong)；工(gong)序安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)檢(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)合(he)格，不(bu)(bu)得進(jin)行作(zuo)業(ye)；隱患整(zheng)改(gai)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)位，不(bu)(bu)得恢復施(shi)工(gong)。

嚴(yan)格(ge)執行監理(li)規范：在(zai)實施安全監理(li)過程(cheng)中，嚴(yan)格(ge)執行“發現(xian)隱(yin)患，即行記錄(lu)，指令整改，要(yao)求回(hui)復，跟蹤(zong)復查，匯集資料(liao)，整理(li)存檔”的規范程(cheng)序。基本實現(xian)：“旁站，巡視，平行檢驗”一(yi)項不拉，發現(xian)問(wen)題(ti)逐級匯報(bao)通告，處理(li)問(wen)題(ti)及時迅(xun)速，隱(yin)患整改務求徹(che)底，不形成新(xin)的隱(yin)患和漏(lou)洞。

緊盯重要危險(xian)環節：本著抓大(da)放(fang)小、突出重點(dian)(dian)的(de)原則，經過詳盡分(fen)析，對基(ji)坑開(kai)挖及(ji)(ji)支護、施(shi)工電梯及(ji)(ji)塔吊、懸挑腳手及(ji)(ji)平臺、高大(da)模板及(ji)(ji)吊籃、施(shi)工用電及(ji)(ji)防火等重大(da)危險(xian)源進行重點(dian)(dian)安全(quan)監控。比如：

——基坑開挖(wa)和支護時(shi)，除了(le)要求施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)專(zhuan)項(xiang)方(fang)(fang)案(an)外，還預先制定(ding)(ding)了(le)應急(ji)方(fang)(fang)案(an)，按(an)規定(ding)(ding)進行(xing)旁站監理，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中出現(xian)流(liu)沙管涌，我們立即指令改變井(jing)點降水方(fang)(fang)案(an)，采(cai)用(yong)深井(jing)降水和井(jing)點降水相結(jie)合的方(fang)(fang)法，達到(dao)了(le)良好(hao)效果，并且(qie)責令施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)按(an)規范設置觀測(ce)網，定(ding)(ding)期進行(xing)沉降和位(wei)移監測(ce)，保證了(le)基坑施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全；

——塔吊和施工電梯，是安全(quan)監理(li)的重中之重，除了反(fan)復審查專項方案、質量保(bao)證(zheng)資(zi)料、施工單位資(zi)質、操作(zuo)人員技術(shu)資(zi)格，要(yao)求施工方嚴格履(lv)行安全(quan)檢(jian)測及備案程序外，監理(li)每(mei)天(tian)都要(yao)對基礎、地(di)腳(jiao)螺栓、配電箱、電源電纜、接地(di)保(bao)護、附墻件、四限位、兩(liang)保(bao)險和垂直度等(deng)進行抽查，在安裝、頂升(sheng)、拆(chai)卸等(deng)環節進行旁(pang)站監理(li)，遇到大風大雨(yu)等(deng)異常天(tian)氣則提前(qian)通知停止使(shi)用，有效保(bao)證(zheng)了大型設備的安全(quan)運行；

——在一(yi)、二層結構的(de)(de)高(gao)支模施工(gong)(gong)前，監理除了(le)詳(xiang)盡審查方(fang)案(an)外，還(huan)提前照會業主和(he)施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)，邀請專家進行方(fang)案(an)論證，根據專家意見和(he)實際情況，建議采用“1.2m間距(ju)雙向(xiang)立桿(gan)，1.8m步高(gao)，雙向(xiang)水(shui)平聯系桿(gan)、掃地(di)桿(gan)加剪(jian)刀撐，梁底雙橫桿(gan)支撐”的(de)(de)保守方(fang)案(an)，要求施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)積(ji)極配合，施工(gong)(gong)過程中強制實行“施工(gong)(gong)班自(zi)檢(jian)互檢(jian)合格——項目部(bu)專檢(jian)復(fu)檢(jian)合格——監理部(bu)復(fu)查復(fu)檢(jian)合格”的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)序檢(jian)驗(yan)程序，有力保證了(le)大跨距(ju)、大體積(ji)結構的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)安全(quan)和(he)質(zhi)量(liang)；

——對懸挑腳手架(jia)及(ji)卸料(liao)平臺，我們(men)側重監控架(jia)體總高≯20m、立桿(gan)必須垂(chui)直穩定、立桿(gan)間(jian)距(ju)≯1.8m、工字(zi)梁必須錨(mao)固兩道(dao)、剛性附墻與結構可靠(kao)錨(mao)固、外側剪刀撐(cheng)設置規范等(deng)關(guan)鍵接(jie)點；

——幕墻(qiang)施工(gong)的(de)高空吊(diao)(diao)籃，除了(le)要(yao)求施工(gong)方嚴(yan)格執行(xing)(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管部門的(de)強制(zhi)規定，足量配備(bei)現場安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)員(yuan)以外，重點審(shen)查施工(gong)人員(yuan)上(shang)崗資格、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)保證措(cuo)施，并(bing)堅持對吊(diao)(diao)籃支(zhi)承鋼架、配重、鋼絲繩(sheng)、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)繩(sheng)、防墜落裝置(zhi)和安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶佩戴(dai)等情況進行(xing)(xing)日常巡(xun)視(shi)檢查，基(ji)本杜絕了(le)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)隱患(huan)；

——施(shi)工(gong)用電和消防(fang)環節，重點(dian)(dian)監控“二級配電三級保護，一機一閘一漏”配電制度(du)及動(dong)用明火(huo)報批制度(du)的(de)執行情況，要求施(shi)工(gong)單位按照強制規定配備消防(fang)設施(shi)，禁止(zhi)工(gong)人私拉亂(luan)接電線，禁止(zhi)工(gong)人在宿舍(she)生火(huo)做飯，并且(qie)每(mei)日重點(dian)(dian)抽查(cha)，每(mei)周全面檢(jian)查(cha)，有效杜(du)絕了觸電事故和火(huo)災事故隱患；

至于“三寶(bao)四(si)口五臨(lin)邊(bian)”等常規安全(quan)事項，亦嚴格按照規定(ding)和規范(fan)進(jin)行日常監控(kong)和巡查，發現(xian)隱患立即通知整改。

依靠安全(quan)強(qiang)制(zhi)條文：安全(quan)生產(chan)和強(qiang)制(zhi)性條文，逢會必(bi)講，遇事必(bi)提，經常宣傳，反復告誡。發(fa)現安全(quan)隱患，立即對照強(qiang)制(zhi)條文，上綱上線(xian)，及時發(fa)出監(jian)理(li)通知;處理(li)問題細(xi)致嚴格，實事求是，和并且按照“告知、督(du)促、整改、復查、備案(an)”的程序辦(ban)事，以(yi)形成良好的監(jian)督(du)循環機制(zhi)。

尊(zun)重(zhong)安(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)管意見：認真貫徹(che)安(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)督交底文件，主(zhu)動匯報情況(kuang)，及時通報施(shi)工安(an)(an)全動態；積極(ji)配合檢(jian)查，服從監(jian)(jian)管指令，落(luo)實安(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)整(zheng)改意見，督促施(shi)工單位及時進行(xing)整(zheng)改和回復，獲得安(an)(an)全質量監(jian)(jian)督站的諒解和認同。

爭(zheng)取業(ye)主有效支持：本(ben)著主動(dong)服(fu)務、互動(dong)溝通的(de)精神，每當可能發(fa)生工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)度、質量、造價(jia)與(yu)安全相(xiang)沖突的(de)事件時，主動(dong)將(jiang)事件起因、解(jie)決(jue)方案(an)、后(hou)果預測等相(xiang)關信息提前通報業(ye)主，爭(zheng)取業(ye)主的(de)有力支持，業(ye)主也能權(quan)衡利(li)弊，把施工(gong)安全列為(wei)(wei)首(shou)要，使得“安全第一(yi)，預防為(wei)(wei)主”的(de)方針貫徹本(ben)工(gong)程(cheng)始(shi)終。

積極(ji)幫(bang)助施工管理(li)：針對工程施工實際情況，收集資(zi)(zi)料，編(bian)寫教案，參(can)與施工單(dan)位(wei)的安(an)全(quan)教育活動；依據(ju)JGJ59-2011標準，幫(bang)助施工單(dan)位(wei)安(an)全(quan)員進行資(zi)(zi)料整理(li)、臺帳建立(li)和安(an)全(quan)綜合評價。

注重安(an)全(quan)(quan)資(zi)料收(shou)集(ji)：地方監(jian)管文件，強制條例條文，各種專項(xiang)方案，安(an)全(quan)(quan)技(ji)術交底，日常巡查記錄，旁站監(jian)理(li)(li)記錄，隱患整改通(tong)知，監(jian)理(li)(li)周報月報等(deng)等(deng)，凡是涉(she)及安(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)理(li)(li)行(xing)為的有效(xiao)文字資(zi)料，一項(xiang)不(bu)漏的收(shou)集(ji)建檔，以備隨(sui)時接受(shou)檢查。

合理(li)規(gui)避責任風險:安(an)全監理(li)過程(cheng)(cheng)貫(guan)穿于整個項目監理(li)過程(cheng)(cheng)，每個監理(li)人員都(dou)應(ying)(ying)該明(ming)確自己的(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)可能(neng)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)后果(guo)，十分明(ming)了因自己的(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)而(er)可能(neng)承擔的(de)(de)法律責任，并提前設計(ji)風險防范預(yu)案(an)，牢記規(gui)范條例，熟悉強制(zhi)條文(wen)，遵循(xun)監理(li)程(cheng)(cheng)序，謹(jin)慎指令，遇事三思而(er)行(xing)，盡(jin)量(liang)避免犯錯。凡是是涉及工程(cheng)(cheng)變更、增減(jian)造價、關(guan)系(xi)安(an)全的(de)(de)問題，絕對(dui)(dui)不輕易表(biao)態，而(er)應(ying)(ying)經(jing)過項目監理(li)部集體(ti)商(shang)討，經(jing)與(yu)相關(guan)各方協(xie)調確認，形(xing)成文(wen)件后方可付諸實施。凡是應(ying)(ying)該留(liu)有資(zi)料的(de)(de)工作，一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)形(xing)成書面文(wen)件，應(ying)(ying)當要(yao)求(qiu)對(dui)(dui)方簽字的(de)(de)資(zi)料，一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)索取對(dui)(dui)方簽字，并且妥為(wei)保(bao)存，留(liu)下(xia)可靠證據。

根據當地安(an)全(quan)(quan)監督(du)站的(de)要求(qiu)，本工(gong)(gong)程形(xing)成(cheng)重要危險(xian)源(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)監理旁站記(ji)錄30余(yu)份，安(an)全(quan)(quan)巡視檢查記(ji)錄29份，發出安(an)全(quan)(quan)整(zheng)改(gai)通知15份，收(shou)回安(an)全(quan)(quan)整(zheng)改(gai)回復15份，審查專項方案和(he)應急救(jiu)援預案20余(yu)項，組織(zhi)2次方案專家論證。通過項目(mu)監理部(bu)全(quan)(quan)體人員的(de)共同努(nu)力(li)，實現了全(quan)(quan)程安(an)全(quan)(quan)生產無(wu)事故的(de)監理目(mu)標，并(bing)且順利通過省安(an)全(quan)(quan)文明施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)地驗收(shou)。

三、安全監理(li)的(de)粗淺體會

1、安全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)理需要一專多能的(de)復合人才。這是(shi)企(qi)業能否立身的(de)問(wen)題，監(jian)(jian)理企(qi)業應認清形(xing)勢，抓緊培(pei)養(yang)，及早(zao)建立一支素質較(jiao)高、技(ji)能全(quan)(quan)面、業務精通，能夠獨立工作(zuo)、誠(cheng)實敬業、吃苦耐勞、敢打硬仗的(de)監(jian)(jian)理工程師(shi)隊伍(wu)，以(yi)應對日益嚴(yan)峻的(de)市場競爭環境；

2、安全監(jian)理需(xu)要忍(ren)辱負重的奉獻精(jing)神(shen)。這(zhe)是個人(ren)能否(fou)受命的問題，一旦選擇(ze)監(jian)理這(zhe)個行當，就(jiu)必須(xu)學會吃(chi)苦(ku)忍(ren)讓，不計名利，融入(ru)工作，融入(ru)集體，牢記自己(ji)肩(jian)負的責任，恪盡職(zhi)守，不負家人(ren)之托(tuo)，不負企業之托(tuo)，不負社會之托(tuo)。

3、安全監理(li)需要圓潤(run)通達(da)的處(chu)(chu)世(shi)風(feng)范(fan)，切忌(ji)個人(ren)英雄主義，而須依托團隊，謹(jin)言(yan)慎(shen)行；凡事預字當(dang)頭，防范(fan)在先(xian)，不大包(bao)大攬，不自找麻煩；處(chu)(chu)理(li)問題實事求(qiu)是，力求(qiu)細致、確切、嚴(yan)密(mi)、完善，經得起(qi)他人(ren)推敲，經得起(qi)事后檢驗。

篇4

【關鍵詞】建(jian)筑智能化工程；施(shi)工管理；質量控(kong)制；施(shi)工組織設計

前言：1984年，在(zai)經過眾多專業(ye)人員的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷努力下(xia)，美國(guo)(guo)終于建(jian)(jian)設成功(gong)了世(shi)界上第一座智(zhi)能(neng)大廈，自此之(zhi)后，世(shi)界各國(guo)(guo)對智(zhi)能(neng)化建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)關注度也變得越來越高(gao)，有關智(zhi)能(neng)化建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術在(zai)西方國(guo)(guo)家及世(shi)界范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)發達(da)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)發展十分(fen)迅速。隨著信(xin)息化社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展，人們對建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用性、舒適性、便利性及審美要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷提(ti)高(gao)，而智(zhi)能(neng)化建(jian)(jian)筑又(you)是信(xin)息時代(dai)中必然的(de)(de)(de)產物，智(zhi)能(neng)化建(jian)(jian)筑將高(gao)科(ke)技(ji)技(ji)術和(he)現(xian)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)一些優勢(shi)進(jin)行了完美地融合。建(jian)(jian)筑智(zhi)能(neng)化工(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)組織設計是在(zai)進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)指導思想，工(gong)(gong)程質量管(guan)理是成功(gong)完成一項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)保(bao)證，是達(da)到智(zhi)能(neng)化工(gong)(gong)程設計目標的(de)(de)(de)必要(yao)手(shou)段。

1、智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑的概(gai)念和建(jian)(jian)筑智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)系統，及二者(zhe)之(zhi)間的關系

智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑是(shi)指通(tong)過將建(jian)(jian)筑物的(de)(de)(de)結構、系統、服(fu)務(wu)和管(guan)理根據用戶的(de)(de)(de)需要進行最優(you)(you)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)組合，從而為(wei)用戶提(ti)供(gong)一個高效、舒適(shi)、便利的(de)(de)(de)人性化(hua)建(jian)(jian)筑環(huan)境。智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑在現(xian)(xian)代社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展，與現(xian)(xian)代高速(su)發展的(de)(de)(de)各種科技是(shi)密不(bu)可分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)。智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑將要實(shi)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)在現(xian)(xian)代人們(men)(men)居住、辦公、購物等的(de)(de)(de)各種環(huan)境中(zhong)，運用更加科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理方式，將更優(you)(you)質、更快速(su)的(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)提(ti)供(gong)給(gei)人們(men)(men)，當(dang)然在體驗過之后，人們(men)(men)對(dui)其所給(gei)予的(de)(de)(de)回報(bao)也(ye)是(shi)十分(fen)高的(de)(de)(de)，并且系統的(de)(de)(de)變通(tong)性高和適(shi)應(ying)能(neng)力強(qiang)。

建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)智(zhi)(zhi)能化系(xi)(xi)統，是(shi)(shi)指以建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)為背景(jing)，同時(shi)具(ju)備建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設備、辦(ban)公自動化及通信(xin)網(wang)絡三(san)大系(xi)(xi)統，以高水(shui)平的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方式和高科技的(de)管(guan)(guan)理方式給人們的(de)居住和生(sheng)活帶(dai)來(lai)高質量(liang)的(de)體驗，為人們提供便利(li)和舒適，通過系(xi)(xi)統集成(cheng)進(jin)行(xing)綜(zong)合(he)配置和綜(zong)合(he)管(guan)(guan)理，形成(cheng)一個安全(quan)、高效的(de)綜(zong)合(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)環境。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)智(zhi)(zhi)能化系(xi)(xi)統，利(li)用現代通信(xin)技術(shu)、信(xin)息(xi)技術(shu)、計算(suan)機網(wang)絡技術(shu)、監控技術(shu)等給用戶帶(dai)來(lai)全(quan)新(xin)的(de)、別樣的(de)體驗，是(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)科技水(shui)平較高的(de)系(xi)(xi)統。

準確來講，智能建(jian)筑(zhu)也是當下(xia)各(ge)種建(jian)筑(zhu)物當中的(de)一種，但是由(you)于其安裝了建(jian)筑(zhu)智能化系(xi)統(tong)，能提(ti)供安全、快速(su)、舒適(shi)性(xing)高、方便的(de)綜合服務(wu)環境，且相(xiang)對來講投資較合理，所以被稱為(wei)智能建(jian)筑(zhu)。

2、建筑(zhu)智(zhi)能化工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)組織設計(ji)

建筑智能化(hua)施(shi)(shi)工的(de)組(zu)織設計(ji)指(zhi)的(de)是是在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工組(zu)織總設計(ji)的(de)指(zhi)導下，以一個單(dan)位(wei)工程為對(dui)象(xiang)，在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工設計(ji)圖確定后(hou)形成的(de)對(dui)工程項目施(shi)(shi)工在(zai)書面上的(de)要(yao)求，有(you)關施(shi)(shi)工單(dan)位(wei)必須(xu)要(yao)嚴格遵(zun)守。

2.1、建筑智能化工(gong)程的施工(gong)總體(ti)布局(ju)

建(jian)筑(zhu)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步(bu)驟一(yi)(yi)般(ban)分為(wei)四個階段(duan)：第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)階段(duan)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)建(jian)筑(zhu)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化系統(tong)(tong)安(an)裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，并開(kai)始采(cai)購施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中所(suo)(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)原料，準備(bei)好施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時所(suo)(suo)需要使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)器和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)；第(di)(di)二(er)階段(duan)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化建(jian)筑(zhu)內(nei)部各(ge)(ge)層的(de)(de)(de)配管工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和(he)各(ge)(ge)層內(nei)部的(de)(de)(de)穿線工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；第(di)(di)三階段(duan)，對(dui)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中所(suo)(suo)用(yong)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)種技術設備(bei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)逐一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝，最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)個階段(duan)，對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中所(suo)(suo)使(shi)用(yong)到(dao)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)系統(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)互間的(de)(de)(de)配合和(he)設備(bei)調(diao)試工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

2.2、建筑(zhu)智能化工程施工方案的實施

建筑智能化系(xi)統(tong)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)一(yi)般上(shang)可(ke)以分為(wei)一(yi)下幾(ji)個方(fang)面：對(dui)系(xi)統(tong)設備的(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)、對(dui)系(xi)統(tong)設備的(de)傳感(gan)器的(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)、對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)系(xi)統(tong)探測器的(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)。根據(ju)工(gong)程不(bu)同的(de)承包方(fang)式，對(dui)各項(xiang)作業的(de)施(shi)工(gong)責任人提出明確的(de)施(shi)工(gong)要求。

2.3建(jian)筑智能化工程施工項目管理

建筑(zhu)智能化工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)管(guan)理對整(zheng)個(ge)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人員的(de)組織(zhi)、技術設備的(de)供(gong)應及弱(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)程與土建工(gong)(gong)程和裝修工(gong)(gong)程的(de)配(pei)合(he)時(shi)機起著至關重要的(de)作用，一般來講，必(bi)須要通過建立工(gong)(gong)程進(jin)(jin)度(du)表(biao)的(de)方式來對整(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)進(jin)(jin)行檢查和管(guan)理，在組織(zhi)確定了施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)順序(xu)的(de)基(ji)礎上編制建筑(zhu)智能化施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)進(jin)(jin)度(du)表(biao)。

因為建筑智能化和(he)機電設備及(ji)(ji)獨(du)立于系(xi)統外(wai)的接(jie)口(kou)界面有很(hen)多，在進(jin)(jin)行(xing)施工(gong)的工(gong)程中(zhong)難免會出現(xian)很(hen)多不(bu)協(xie)調(diao)的地方，所(suo)以，就應該對施工(gong)中(zhong)的單(dan)薄(bo)環(huan)節(jie)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)控制和(he)調(diao)節(jie)，對施工(gong)過程中(zhong)所(suo)出現(xian)的不(bu)協(xie)調(diao)現(xian)象也要及(ji)(ji)時地進(jin)(jin)行(xing)解決。對于上述問題，通常進(jin)(jin)行(xing)管理采(cai)用每旬或(huo)者每月(yue)的工(gong)程調(diao)度會的方式，并且建立文件報(bao)告制度，全部(bu)問題采(cai)用書面的方式進(jin)(jin)行(xing)記錄、修(xiu)改、協(xie)調(diao)和(he)解決。

在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行建(jian)筑智能(neng)化工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中，要(yao)(yao)(yao)對整個建(jian)筑智能(neng)化工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)間(jian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員、技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員、安裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員、調(diao)試工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數和技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進(jin)(jin)廠(chang)的(de)時間(jian)進(jin)(jin)行合理(li)(li)地安排，要(yao)(yao)(yao)盡(jin)量(liang)避(bi)免無關的(de)勞(lao)動力(li)浪費和人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)成本的(de)增加。要(yao)(yao)(yao)將施(shi)工(gong)(gong)組織管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)關系協調(diao)好，做(zuo)到二者之間(jian)的(de)密切配(pei)合，要(yao)(yao)(yao)組建(jian)一支(zhi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)效率高(gao)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全性(xing)高(gao)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)隊伍，確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)保(bao)質保(bao)量(liang)、又快又好地完成。

3、智能化工(gong)程的工(gong)程質量監控

建(jian)筑智能化(hua)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監測與控制是(shi)(shi)(shi)智能化(hua)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)成功開展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必要條件，同時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)實現(xian)(xian)智能化(hua)建(jian)筑設(she)(she)計目標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必要方(fang)法。對(dui)智能化(hua)建(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)與控制是(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)代生產發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必要結果，同時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)面對(dui)激(ji)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場競(jing)爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際要求。如果一項工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)缺乏一個(ge)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)與控制系(xi)統，其工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任何一個(ge)系(xi)統和項目都(dou)難以正常運行，對(dui)整個(ge)項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不可(ke)估(gu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。智能化(hua)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監控系(xi)統具有全方(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，這里著重說明(ming)在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三個(ge)主要階段(duan)設(she)(she)計、在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)、設(she)(she)備(bei)調試(shi)各環節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監控。

3.1、智能(neng)化工程設計階段的質(zhi)量(liang)控制

檢測(ce)并確(que)(que)定(ding)系(xi)(xi)統中各個(ge)子(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)統設(she)(she)計、技(ji)(ji)術設(she)(she)計、功能描述(shu)、設(she)(she)備選型等方(fang)面都一(yi)定(ding)要達到合同、業主(zhu)和功能需求(qiu)(qiu)分析的(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)；依據確(que)(que)定(ding)好的(de)(de)工程(cheng)界(jie)面的(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)，檢查(cha)施工過程(cheng)中各專業、各子(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統之間相互(hu)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術交接資(zi)料是否達到要求(qiu)(qiu)，對工程(cheng)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)計圖紙進行全面的(de)(de)審查(cha)核對，確(que)(que)保設(she)(she)備清單的(de)(de)萬無(wu)一(yi)失(shi)、監控點表(biao)與施工圖三者的(de)(de)完全一(yi)致(zhi)。

3.2智能化(hua)工程施工工程的控制

按照(zhao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)和(he)對相(xiang)關的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)驗(yan)收(shou)規范(fan)分層次地(di)進行(xing)(xing)智能化施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，依據施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)規范(fan)進行(xing)(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中的(de)質量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；要(yao)及(ji)時做(zuo)到對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中所使用的(de)設備的(de)及(ji)時驗(yan)收(shou)，嚴格做(zuo)好(hao)每一天的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)記錄工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)；按照(zhao)相(xiang)關技術(shu)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)做(zuo)好(hao)對所應用的(de)單(dan)體設備進行(xing)(xing)及(ji)時檢測和(he)設備調(diao)試工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。

3.3智能化工程施工的系統調試

智(zhi)能化(hua)工(gong)程的(de)(de)施工(gong)應按(an)照施工(gong)前圖紙設(she)計的(de)(de)要求，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)有關部(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)審定合格(ge)之后(hou)方可進(jin)行(xing)實施，記(ji)錄、檢(jian)查、確(que)認(ren)按(an)照上述(shu)要求的(de)(de)各項測(ce)試(shi)數據(ju)，如果發現系(xi)統問題應該立(li)即進(jin)行(xing)匯報和處理(li)，并將這些問題立(li)即解決，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)有關部(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)確(que)認(ren)審核之后(hou)，應嚴格(ge)按(an)照規范和調試(shi)大綱(gang)的(de)(de)要求進(jin)行(xing)智(zhi)能化(hua)工(gong)程系(xi)統檢(jian)測(ce)。

結束語：

在社會高速發展的(de)(de)今(jin)天，智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)地位越來越高，人(ren)們對智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)關注和期盼也與(yu)日俱(ju)增，這就對對智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設計與(yu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量提出了(le)更高的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)深化(hua)(hua)是首要(yao)條件，體(ti)現了(le)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)高低和建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)；智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理組織的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)高低以(yi)及能(neng)(neng)(neng)否(fou)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進行認真細致(zhi)的(de)(de)檢(jian)測驗(yan)收是保證智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成敗的(de)(de)關鍵。

參考文獻：

[1] 王良成(cheng)，梁志勇(yong).談(tan)建(jian)(jian)筑智能化工程(cheng)項目(mu)施工管理要點[J].山西建(jian)(jian)筑，2015，