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篇1

【關鍵詞】弱電工程;施工方案;設計;技術要點

弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)主要指的(de)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相對較低(di)，不會對人的(de)身體健(jian)康造成危害的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系(xi)(xi)統，通常來說，弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要小(xiao)于36V，直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要小(xiao)于24V。弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)種類多樣，主要包(bao)括計算機網絡工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、應急(ji)照明系(xi)(xi)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、對講系(xi)(xi)統、局域(yu)通信工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、有線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、可(ke)視系(xi)(xi)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)等。如今，各(ge)(ge)個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)單(dan)位在(zai)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上(shang)方面的(de)競(jing)爭越來越激(ji)烈(lie)，一般情況下，弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)能(neng)力(li)較強的(de)企業，綜合競(jing)爭力(li)更強，在(zai)市場競(jing)爭中(zhong)獲得優勢的(de)可(ke)能(neng)性將(jiang)大大提高(gao)。因(yin)此，要從(cong)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)各(ge)(ge)個階段，保證弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。

一、弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程的前期設計方案

（一(yi)）做(zuo)好前期溝通工作

在進(jin)行(xing)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之前(qian)，要(yao)全面掌握工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)用(yong)戶的(de)實際(ji)要(yao)求，保證(zheng)所建設(she)的(de)系統符合用(yong)需(xu)要(yao)，充(chong)分了(le)解(jie)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)作用(yong)和(he)(he)(he)價(jia)(jia)值，將弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)難點(dian)和(he)(he)(he)重點(dian)進(jin)行(xing)突出，通過控制(zhi)(zhi)造價(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)合理的(de)經(jing)濟手段實現對(dui)(dui)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)。在確定(ding)設(she)計方案之前(qian)，要(yao)對(dui)(dui)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)結構形(xing)式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)整(zheng)體布局(ju)有(you)(you)充(chong)分的(de)了(le)解(jie)，做好對(dui)(dui)有(you)(you)線網路傳(chuan)輸距(ju)離和(he)(he)(he)傳(chuan)輸形(xing)式(shi)的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，加強對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)要(yao)通信(xin)的(de)監督和(he)(he)(he)管理。另外，要(yao)加強與相關單位(wei)的(de)交流和(he)(he)(he)溝(gou)通，逐步突破弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)難點(dian)，從而提(ti)高弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設(she)質量，保證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)正常使用(yong)。

（二）做(zuo)好弱(ruo)電工程施工現場的控制工作(zuo)

在(zai)弱(ruo)(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)設(she)計階(jie)段(duan)，要從弱(ruo)(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建筑的(de)整(zheng)體出發(fa)，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)計圖紙進行詳細分析(xi)，加強對(dui)弱(ruo)(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程現場環(huan)境的(de)控制，將(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)裝修和(he)(he)土建等作(zuo)為重點的(de)研究部位進行深入研究。而且，要盡量將(jiang)(jiang)弱(ruo)(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程和(he)(he)其他(ta)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)矛盾(dun)消除在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)設(she)計階(jie)段(duan)，為弱(ruo)(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)建設(she)做好(hao)準(zhun)備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，保證(zheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)順利(li)進行。

（三(san)）判斷弱電工(gong)程的施工(gong)難度

在(zai)(zai)設計階段，要(yao)(yao)確(que)(que)(que)定弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)在(zai)(zai)各(ge)個環節的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)難度，判斷施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)難度較高的(de)部位(wei)，另外，布線的(de)主要(yao)(yao)形式(shi)、模塊的(de)安裝方法、弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)技術等需要(yao)(yao)進行(xing)進一步確(que)(que)(que)認。在(zai)(zai)進行(xing)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)計劃和設計時，要(yao)(yao)將方便維修和施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作為基本原(yuan)則，從(cong)而(er)使弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)難度大大降低，確(que)(que)(que)保施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)順利進行(xing)。

（四）設計(ji)詳(xiang)細的(de)施工圖紙

在對弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)行設計(ji)時(shi)，設計(ji)人員要認真負責，將各個(ge)方面的(de)因素考慮在內，對計(ji)算(suan)機系統(tong)進(jin)行充分(fen)的(de)利(li)用。比如(ru)，可(ke)以(yi)使用CAD對弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)進(jin)行描繪(hui)，確定弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)模塊安(an)裝和布(bu)線施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)過程(cheng)，在保證弱電(dian)功臣能夠發揮基(ji)本工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)基(ji)礎上，完成施工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)的(de)設計(ji)。

二、弱電工程(cheng)施工方案(an)的(de)技術重點

（一）重視工程施工的前期準備

在正式開(kai)始弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之前(qian)，要(yao)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)總體進(jin)(jin)度進(jin)(jin)行詳細(xi)分析和(he)深入研(yan)究，然后根據實際情況做(zuo)好前(qian)期準備工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。還要(yao)對(dui)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備、技術要(yao)點(dian)等進(jin)(jin)行詳細(xi)確認(ren)，加強(qiang)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)材料和(he)器件的(de)控制，做(zuo)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)費用的(de)管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，為弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)提供保障。

（二）確定弱電工(gong)程的布線要點

在弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的施工過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，要認真分析工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)圖紙，然后根據圖紙的具體內容對工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的基本結(jie)構(gou)進(jin)(jin)行研究(jiu)和(he)確定，充分了解弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)氣和(he)器(qi)材的功能和(he)主要類型，并且找出弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的關鍵施工部位，檢查工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的穿線和(he)埋管。如果(guo)發現與實際(ji)情況(kuang)存(cun)在差異的區域(yu)，要及時進(jin)(jin)行適當(dang)的調整。

（三）加強(qiang)對弱(ruo)電(dian)工程重點環節的控制

在(zai)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)中，要(yao)(yao)掌握好(hao)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點環節(jie)，方(fang)案(an)要(yao)(yao)體現以(yi)下幾個方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容：第(di)一，材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)設備(bei)。在(zai)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中，要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)對設備(bei)和(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)控制，從材(cai)(cai)料(liao)采供環節(jie)出發，嚴格檢查工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)設備(bei)，使其(qi)符合相關規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)標準，保(bao)證(zheng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量，確保(bao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全性。第(di)二，建筑(zhu)單位(wei)要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)與業(ye)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)交流和(he)溝(gou)通，保(bao)證(zheng)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能與業(ye)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求相符。第(di)三(san)，要(yao)(yao)控制好(hao)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)，保(bao)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程在(zai)限制的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間內完工(gong)(gong)(gong)。如果工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中存在(zai)單獨施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分，要(yao)(yao)為其(qi)留出單獨的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)空間，為施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進出提(ti)供便(bian)利。如果在(zai)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中，出現與施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)存在(zai)差異的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，要(yao)(yao)在(zai)獲得業(ye)主許(xu)可的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下及時進行調整(zheng)，保(bao)持(chi)設計方(fang)案(an)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一致性。

三(san)、做好弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)方案(an)的管理工(gong)作

（一）弱電工(gong)程施工(gong)的總體管(guan)理(li)策略(lve)

在進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)時，要做好以下(xia)幾(ji)方面的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，保(bao)證(zheng)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)順利進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)，首先，建立和完善完整的(de)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)檢查體系(xi)，對各個分項(xiang)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)計(ji)劃(hua)和進(jin)(jin)度(du)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)嚴格檢查，并且(qie)通過施(shi)工(gong)任務(wu)書(shu)和計(ji)劃(hua)任務(wu)書(shu)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)指令(ling)的(de)下(xia)達(da)，確(que)保(bao)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)順利進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。然后(hou)，要對項(xiang)目的(de)施(shi)工(gong)質量和施(shi)工(gong)的(de)主要任務(wu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)確(que)定保(bao)證(zheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)能夠按照規(gui)定的(de)計(ji)劃(hua)完成施(shi)工(gong)任務(wu)。最后(hou)，還要建立和完善施(shi)工(gong)制度(du)，明確(que)施(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)職責，加強技術管理的(de)專(zhuan)業化(hua)和條(tiao)理化(hua)。

（二(er)）在工程(cheng)施工過程(cheng)中做好(hao)管理工作

通(tong)常采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式是(shi)分區段、按順序(xu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理人員要(yao)(yao)處(chu)理好(hao)內(nei)外因素(su)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系，做好(hao)協(xie)調和配合，保證(zheng)弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)要(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)與(yu)監理單位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溝通(tong)和配合，保證(zheng)與(yu)其(qi)他承包方(fang)在分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)接點(dian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)調性，并且(qie)使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)按照科學程序(xu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)。除此之外，在進行(xing)(xing)(xing)弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個(ge)(ge)環節，要(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)與(yu)承包方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流和溝通(tong)，對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)方(fang)式進行(xing)(xing)(xing)討論，對各個(ge)(ge)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)接點(dian)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)落實，保證(zheng)各個(ge)(ge)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)接點(dian)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)調性。

四、結語

弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)占(zhan)有重(zhong)要地位，是局域通(tong)信(xin)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、計算機網絡工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、自動化控(kong)制工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)等系(xi)統(tong)的統(tong)稱。在進(jin)行弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)時，要做好施工(gong)(gong)設(she)計工(gong)(gong)作，選擇合(he)理(li)的施工(gong)(gong)方案，將工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的功能(neng)和價值充(chong)分發揮(hui)出(chu)來(lai)，推動智能(neng)建(jian)筑的發展(zhan)。在弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，要抓住施工(gong)(gong)的重(zhong)點技術環節，提高施工(gong)(gong)效率和水(shui)平，從而保證弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的質量，推動建(jian)筑行業的進(jin)一步發展(zhan)。

參考文獻

[1]季巍.弱(ruo)電工程施(shi)工和(he)管理研究與探討[J].黑龍江科學，2014（02）.

[2]李哲.淺議弱電工程(cheng)施工項目管(guan)理組織[J].電子(zi)制作(zuo)，2013（08）.

[3]陳厚橋.弱(ruo)電工程施工和管理研究(jiu)與探(tan)討[J].計算機時(shi)代，2012（01）.

篇2

[關鍵詞]智能建筑；弱電工(gong)程；施工(gong)；常見問題；監理措施

眾所周知，智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)在(zai)一定程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)是及其(qi)(qi)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，通(tong)信自動(dong)(dong)化、樓宇自動(dong)(dong)化以及辦公自動(dong)(dong)化三個子(zi)系(xi)統共同(tong)構(gou)成智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)弱電(dian)系(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)中還包含智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)信以及機電(dian)設備等(deng)(deng)系(xi)統之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機結合(he)。另外，對(dui)于裝飾、土建等(deng)(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)存在(zai)共同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，就需(xu)(xu)要(yao)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術積極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)作、配(pei)合(he)。需(xu)(xu)要(yao)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是，環境是智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)最基(ji)礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平臺，但在(zai)現(xian)(xian)階段，國(guo)內智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)受(shou)到設計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)、市場、材料以及設備等(deng)(deng)各(ge)個方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)達不(bu)到相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定標準(zhun)，大致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體現(xian)(xian)在(zai)責(ze)任分配(pei)不(bu)明確(que)，使得在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)時有互(hu)相推(tui)脫責(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象，致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使不(bu)能(neng)夠很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)；還有施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)不(bu)夠規范，在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)部門施(shi)工(gong)接口(kou)處不(bu)能(neng)夠有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分清界(jie)面等(deng)(deng)，這些都為智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)埋下了質量(liang)隱(yin)患。

1.智能建(jian)筑弱電(dian)施工中的常見問題

1.1 建(jian)筑(zhu)設備以及材料方面(mian)的問題(ti)

智能建筑弱(ruo)電工程所需的原材料沒有(you)產(chan)品合格證(zheng)或者是(shi)說明(ming)書(shu)，對(dui)于相(xiang)關(guan)的設(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)在進(jin)(jin)場時(shi)沒有(you)相(xiang)應的檢查記(ji)錄或者是(shi)產(chan)品的型號(hao)和(he)(he)規格，相(xiang)關(guan)材質的證(zheng)明(ming)手續不全面，甚至對(dui)于某些(xie)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)過來的材料或者設(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)沒有(you)作相(xiang)關(guan)的記(ji)錄。更重(zhong)要的是(shi)對(dui)于某些(xie)設(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)材料，不按(an)照相(xiang)關(guan)的規定或者設(she)(she)計標準進(jin)(jin)行使用，有(you)的甚至使用偽劣(lie)產(chan)品。另(ling)外，對(dui)于某些(xie)未成套訂購的產(chan)品，不能夠與其他(ta)產(chan)品實現接口(kou)組網；即使是(shi)對(dui)于成套訂購的產(chan)品，然而沒有(you)進(jin)(jin)行接口(kou)組網的檢查和(he)(he)測試。

1.2 建筑工程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)圖紙(zhi)方面的問(wen)題(ti)

在(zai)智能(neng)建筑弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)(she)(she)中，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)圖紙方面(mian)反應的(de)問題是(shi)土建設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)和智能(neng)弱電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠一致，對(dui)(dui)于某些通道在(zai)預留問題上沒有達到(dao)標準，比如(ru)在(zai)建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中出現設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)架構(gou)和土建的(de)尺(chi)寸之間(jian)(jian)存在(zai)嚴重的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)符，進(jin)(jin)而造(zao)成(cheng)消防監控器(qi)未能(neng)安(an)裝在(zai)合理的(de)位置，或(huo)者(zhe)是(shi)相關(guan)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)之間(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)距不(bu)(bu)(bu)合理，使得不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)夠對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)(jin)行有效的(de)維護，這就要求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行改(gai)進(jin)(jin)。另(ling)外，在(zai)平面(mian)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)圖上的(de)火災(zai)自(zi)動報警器(qi)、電(dian)話以(yi)及電(dian)插頭等相關(guan)的(de)弱電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)和系統圖有明顯的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同。甚(shen)至(zhi)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)某些控制(zhi)或(huo)者(zhe)信號的(de)接(jie)點(dian)(dian)沒有進(jin)(jin)行設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，比如(ru)消防控制(zhi)和火災(zai)自(zi)動報警之間(jian)(jian)的(de)接(jie)點(dian)(dian)沒有設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，導致電(dian)梯迫降、電(dian)源強切和排(pai)煙等相關(guan)功能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)夠實(shi)現。

1.3 建筑施工組織方面的問題

智(zhi)能(neng)建筑弱電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中沒(mei)有進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)科學、合理的(de)(de)(de)組織設(she)計，或(huo)者是相關的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)組織對(dui)智(zhi)能(neng)建筑弱電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)沒(mei)有進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)詳(xiang)細的(de)(de)(de)了解，致(zhi)使建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案不能(neng)夠落(luo)實(shi)到位，流于(yu)形(xing)式(shi)。再(zai)加(jia)之(zhi)建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)傳統習慣(guan)以及某(mou)(mou)些(xie)行(xing)(xing)政管理對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)影響，同時(shi)建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)細，造成各部門之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作缺乏協調性，還(huan)存在某(mou)(mou)些(xie)最先進(jin)(jin)場的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方私自占領位置條(tiao)件好的(de)(de)(de)問題；嚴重的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)某(mou)(mou)些(xie)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位隨便占用其他施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位的(de)(de)(de)預留孔，影響其他施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位正常施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，造成各個管線之(zhi)間或(huo)者相關設(she)備(bei)在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中不能(neng)夠實(shi)現(xian)有效的(de)(de)(de)配合。

1.4 建筑承包(bao)單位(wei)的資質(zhi)方(fang)面的問題

在(zai)智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，某些承包(bao)(bao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)質與其所承包(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)相符(fu)合(he)，同時對建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)已經(jing)承包(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)，沒有(you)(you)相關安(an)全(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)許(xu)可證(zheng)或者存(cun)在(zai)資(zi)(zi)質不(bu)(bu)健(jian)全(quan)等(deng)(deng)問(wen)題。還(huan)有(you)(you)某些施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)質健(jian)全(quan)，但(dan)是缺乏智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)(dian)技術，即使是有(you)(you)部(bu)分的(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)技術人員，然而對智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)了解(jie)，導(dao)致他(ta)們在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中沒有(you)(you)考慮各個(ge)原件(jian)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)兼容性問(wen)題，對建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)以后安(an)全(quan)、可靠的(de)(de)運行有(you)(you)負面的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。除此之(zhi)外，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)新人較(jiao)多，有(you)(you)照抄照搬其他(ta)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)弱電(dian)(dian)設(she)計(ji)方案的(de)(de)現象(xiang)，新人在(zai)進(jin)行弱電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)操作時，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)夠(gou)熟練(lian)的(de)(de)識別設(she)備(bei)儀器，使得他(ta)們在(zai)連接的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中由斷路、短路以及接觸(chu)不(bu)(bu)良等(deng)(deng)進(jin)而導(dao)致相關的(de)(de)弱電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)失效。當前，大(da)多數(shu)建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)承包(bao)(bao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)某個(ge)子(zi)項或者是幾個(ge)子(zi)項的(de)(de)經(jing)驗、資(zi)(zi)質，而有(you)(you)的(de)(de)承包(bao)(bao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)是產品的(de)(de)代銷(xiao)商，使得弱電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)聯機(ji)

及調試等諸多工作還需要專(zhuan)業的人員進行指導。

2.智(zhi)能建筑弱電工程施工中應(ying)該采取的監理(li)措施

2.1 對工程原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)或者相關(guan)的設(she)備設(she)施(shi)加強檢驗

在智(zhi)能(neng)建筑弱電工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)中，首先對(dui)建筑設(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)施(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)材料以及各(ge)(ge)個系統的(de)(de)接(jie)口等要仔細檢查其(qi)是(shi)否(fou)合(he)格(ge)，即(ji)檢查是(shi)否(fou)有規格(ge)型號(hao)、產(chan)品名稱以及制造廠商(shang)和檢驗員、出廠日期等，同(tong)時(shi)相關(guan)的(de)(de)材質證明要明確原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)地以及分裝(zhuang)地。其(qi)次是(shi)仔細檢查產(chan)品設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)檢驗記錄，即(ji)在檢查時(shi)參照國(guo)家產(chan)品的(de)(de)相關(guan)標準，在施(shi)工(gong)現場對(dui)設(she)(she)備(bei)在性質、外觀以及功能(neng)等方面(mian)進行檢查，同(tong)時(shi)還要注意各(ge)(ge)個原(yuan)(yuan)件之間的(de)(de)兼容性。再次檢查設(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)施(shi)、規格(ge)以及相關(guan)的(de)(de)技術說(shuo)明書(shu)和材料是(shi)否(fou)達(da)到設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)標準。

2.2 對圖紙設計進行(xing)審(shen)查、優(you)化

在智(zhi)能(neng)建筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，為(wei)了確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量，相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的監理人員(yuan)要(yao)參照弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)和規(gui)范的要(yao)求(qiu)，對弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的設(she)計(ji)(ji)內(nei)容以(yi)(yi)及設(she)計(ji)(ji)方案(an)聯系施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的實際情(qing)況進行嚴(yan)格的審核；要(yao)加強(qiang)對圖(tu)紙(zhi)設(she)計(ji)(ji)的審查(cha)。這就需要(yao)對房間的高(gao)度和尺(chi)寸、相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)的維護距離以(yi)(yi)及保護距離要(yao)與規(gui)定(ding)的相(xiang)(xiang)符(fu)合。同時，對于某些新的材(cai)料、新的技(ji)術以(yi)(yi)及新的設(she)備(bei)要(yao)根據規(gui)定(ding)的標準(zhun)嚴(yan)格核查(cha)，最后將審查(cha)過程(cheng)(cheng)中出現的問題(ti)以(yi)(yi)書面的形(xing)式交給施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設(she)單位(wei)。除此之(zhi)外，在智(zhi)能(neng)建筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)前，相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)技(ji)術人員(yuan)要(yao)熟悉施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙(zhi)，同時與土建技(ji)術人員(yuan)協同找出施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的交叉(cha)點，再依據土建施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)的進度，共同研究出交叉(cha)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的方案(an)，防(fang)止出現差錯。

2.3 重視(shi)施工組織的建設

在(zai)智能(neng)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)中，施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)設(she)計(ji)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)符合(he)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)進(jin)(jin)度(du)以及(ji)計(ji)劃安排，對(dui)于(yu)某些大型(xing)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由專(zhuan)業的(de)施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)設(she)計(ji)，而對(dui)于(yu)較小型(xing)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案進(jin)(jin)行(xing)設(she)計(ji)。同時(shi)(shi)，在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案或(huo)者是(shi)施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)計(ji)時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)對(dui)各分項建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術進(jin)(jin)行(xing)交(jiao)底。為此，就要(yao)建(jian)立建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術交(jiao)底制度(du)，盡可(ke)能(neng)的(de)使各個用電(dian)(dian)(dian)人員(yuan)以及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)明確安全用電(dian)(dian)(dian)、施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)計(ji)的(de)意義(yi)。最(zui)后在(zai)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術交(jiao)底材料上(shang)簽字，同時(shi)(shi)寫明交(jiao)底的(de)具體(ti)時(shi)(shi)間。

2.4 對建(jian)筑工程(cheng)分包(bao)單位(wei)的(de)資質進(jin)行(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)審查

在(zai)智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)中，選(xuan)擇弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)包商(shang)的(de)過程(cheng)中，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)其營業范圍進行(xing)(xing)核定，若有(you)借用資質或者掛(gua)靠的(de)現(xian)象，立即(ji)清(qing)退。同時(shi)，在(zai)對(dui)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)包商(shang)相(xiang)(xiang)關資質證件審查時(shi)要(yao)(yao)關注(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)負責人(ren)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關資質證件，一般要(yao)(yao)對(dui)承(cheng)包工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)承(cheng)包商(shang)和項目負責人(ren)進行(xing)(xing)一定的(de)考察，可以參照他們已(yi)經(jing)完成的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)項目，對(dui)承(cheng)包商(shang)的(de)質量保障(zhang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、技術實力以及相(xiang)(xiang)關的(de)服務體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)等進行(xing)(xing)考察。

3.結束語

綜上所述，在今后智能建(jian)筑(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，對(dui)于建(jian)筑(zhu)設備以(yi)及材料(liao)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程設計(ji)圖(tu)紙、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織以(yi)及承包單位(wei)的(de)資質(zhi)等方面的(de)問題，智能建(jian)筑(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中應該采(cai)取對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程原(yuan)材料(liao)或者相關的(de)設備設施加強檢驗、對(dui)圖(tu)紙設計(ji)進行審查和(he)優化、重視施工(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織的(de)建(jian)設以(yi)及對(dui)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程分(fen)包單位(wei)的(de)資質(zhi)進行嚴格的(de)審查等監理措施，切實的(de)提升工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量。

[參考文獻]

[1]許曉飛(fei).智(zhi)能建筑的弱電工(gong)程系統(tong)設計[j].科技創新與應用(yong)，2013（29）.

篇3

引言

工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合性，同時具備(bei)很強的(de)(de)(de)(de)組織和協調作用，其中(zhong)也包含了(le)其他專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)內容，其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)就包括：電(dian)器(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、防火(huo)卷閘、給(gei)水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、通風工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、滅火(huo)器(qi)配(pei)置等系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)，其施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量也決定了(le)整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量，在整個(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)都(dou)貫穿其中(zhong)，其主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分要在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)主體完成之(zhi)后才開始(shi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，并在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)裝飾前結束(shu)，對整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)具有(you)非常(chang)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。

1、建筑(zhu)機電工程施工管理控制要點

1.1建筑(zhu)工程(cheng)保護方面的(de)控(kong)制

機(ji)電工(gong)程的是一(yi)類貫穿整個工(gong)程的施工(gong)方式，其質量(liang)好(hao)壞對整個工(gong)程的安(an)全(quan)具(ju)有(you)非常重要(yao)的意義。

1.2工(gong)程管理進度(du)的控制

將工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)體計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)分別灌注到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)各個(ge)子環(huan)節當中(zhong)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理方(fang)要編制出(chu)周(zhou)進度(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)及(ji)日(ri)進度(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，定期組織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)協調會議(yi)，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)日(ri)進度(du)(du)進行檢(jian)查(cha)監督，以方(fang)便(bian)布(bu)置次日(ri)的(de)進度(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)項目部要安排專人對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度(du)(du)進行檢(jian)查(cha)監督，做(zuo)到(dao)每個(ge)環(huan)節都有(you)人管理，每件(jian)事情都有(you)人處理，對(dui)于沒有(you)完成當日(ri)目標進度(du)(du)的(de)環(huan)節，要組織(zhi)人員加班(ban)加點趕(gan)進度(du)(du)、對(dui)整(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度(du)(du)要以：日(ri)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)周(zhou)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、周(zhou)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)月(yue)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、月(yue)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)總(zong)控(kong)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)方(fang)針進行，直到(dao)整(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)為止。

1.3工程管理質量的(de)控(kong)制

當機電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)材料(liao)、設(she)備到位(wei)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，喬組織專業的(de)檢測人員進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢測，并(bing)報工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理部(bu)門進(jin)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)督，檢驗合格(ge)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)班組方(fang)可領料(liao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員要(yao)嚴格(ge)按照施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖、技術交底的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)機電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，對施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作規程(cheng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)規范，嚴禁隨(sui)意變更(geng)作業方(fang)式(shi)或者(zhe)是范圍(wei)，帶(dai)部(bu)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目完成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)要(yao)組織管理人員進(jin)行(xing)(xing)自檢，確認合格(ge)后(hou)(hou)報由監(jian)(jian)理部(bu)門進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢查。

1.4工程管理安全的(de)控制(zhi)

一(yi)般為了保(bao)證機電工(gong)程(cheng)的工(gong)期順利進行，會采用多工(gong)種(zhong)班(ban)(ban)組(zu)立體交叉、加班(ban)(ban)或(huo)兩班(ban)(ban)制施工(gong)作業方式，對于機電工(gong)程(cheng)系(xi)統(tong)管(guan)線部分(fen)要保(bao)留以維持正常運行與部分(fen)更換(huan)的特點(dian)，假若安全組(zu)織管(guan)理不到位(wei)，很容(rong)易發生(sheng)這樣(yang)或(huo)者是那樣(yang)的安全事(shi)故。

2、建筑機電工(gong)程施工(gong)質(zhi)量管理

2.1機(ji)電工程準備階段的質量管理

（1）項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)組織(zhi)機(ji)構管理(li)。為了便于各個環節的相(xiang)互協調、要(yao)(yao)(yao)設(she)立(li)現場的項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)經(jing)理(li)，作為該環節的項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)機(ji)構，對整個機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)全過程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)。并設(she)立(li)辦事(shi)處，必要(yao)(yao)(yao)時(shi)可以對該機(ji)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)全面服(fu)(fu)務(wu)。（2）施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)設(she)計(ji)(ji)管理(li)。機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的總體設(she)計(ji)(ji)目(mu)標為：設(she)計(ji)(ji)符合實(shi)際(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)環境的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)計(ji)(ji)劃，為工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)與(yu)采購提(ti)供技(ji)術數(shu)據(ju)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求；與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)單位以及(ji)業主進(jin)(jin)行(xing)溝(gou)通，優(you)化工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)系統方(fang)案，從而形成優(you)化方(fang)案清(qing)單；依(yi)據(ju)現場實(shi)際(ji)情況、向施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位提(ti)出相(xiang)關(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求；組織(zhi)采購進(jin)(jin)行(xing)設(she)備的訂購、到(dao)貨方(fang)案，并將相(xiang)關(guan)的清(qing)單、技(ji)術銜接(jie)等(deng)報告到(dao)總公司。

2.2機電(dian)工程施(shi)工過程中(zhong)的質量管理

（1）施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)質量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理。對于(yu)機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)主(zhu)要包(bao)含了以下幾點：施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員進(jin)場(chang)計劃(hua)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；負責機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)軟(ruan)、硬件設(she)備(bei)(bei)以及(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝圖的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)部設(she)計、同時，保(bao)障(zhang)在現(xian)(xian)場(chang)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)環境下可(ke)以滿足實(shi)(shi)際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作要求，為(wei)(wei)既定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)順利實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)供技(ji)(ji)術保(bao)障(zhang)；施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序間交替檢查(cha)以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)隱(yin)蔽項目的(de)(de)(de)質量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)采購(gou)與監督；在機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)裝過(guo)程(cheng)匯總，對設(she)備(bei)(bei)進(jin)行機(ji)(ji)械固定(ding)、電器連接以及(ji)加電測試工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，為(wei)(wei)機(ji)(ji)電系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)調試做好準備(bei)(bei)；設(she)備(bei)(bei)以及(ji)建筑材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)場(chang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；現(xian)(xian)場(chang)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)環境與施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)。（2）施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理。機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案是引導工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)準確開展的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)要環節，在其施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案中的(de)(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部分是其安(an)(an)全(quan)技(ji)(ji)術措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)了保(bao)證施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)電安(an)(an)全(quan)，首先必(bi)須進(jin)行預(yu)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)分析(xi)，從而可(ke)以更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、消除工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中不必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)隱(yin)患與事故，從而實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)順利進(jin)行。

2.3機電工程施工后期的質(zhi)量控制管(guan)理

（1）完(wan)工(gong)(gong)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)。完(wan)工(gong)(gong)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)包括了再次進行(xing)(xing)相關(guan)(guan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)對全部或者是部分(fen)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)有選擇性(xing)的(de)(de)進行(xing)(xing)技術檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)管理(li)，施工(gong)(gong)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)人員(yuan)要(yao)嚴格的(de)(de)按照招投標文件與(yu)(yu)國(guo)家相關(guan)(guan)行(xing)(xing)業法(fa)律法(fa)規、技術標準、規范(fan)(fan)等，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監理(li)部門與(yu)(yu)業主的(de)(de)監督下進行(xing)(xing)，其中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)內容包括了對單項設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)功(gong)能(neng)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)、通電(dian)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)、分(fen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)能(neng)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)整個機(ji)電(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)能(neng)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)等。（2）完(wan)成(cheng)機(ji)電(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)聯網測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)。在(zai)完(wan)成(cheng)機(ji)電(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)各個環(huan)節的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)安裝固定、電(dian)器(qi)連接以(yi)(yi)及(ji)通電(dian)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)后，現場(chang)的(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)人員(yuan)還應該根據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計方案以(yi)(yi)及(ji)技術規范(fan)(fan)等，進行(xing)(xing)子系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)聯網調(diao)試(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)并進行(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)聯調(diao)。（3）機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)。在(zai)機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，施工(gong)(gong)建設(she)(she)(she)單位要(yao)保證將機(ji)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)任何(he)存(cun)在(zai)缺陷的(de)(de)地方進行(xing)(xing)修復。

3、建筑機電工程施工技術管理

3.1對(dui)線(xian)管(guan)、孔洞進行(xing)預埋，并進行(xing)防雷接(jie)(jie)地焊接(jie)(jie)控制管(guan)理

在建(jian)筑(zhu)機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)進行(xing)底(di)板、結構施工(gong)時(shi)，機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)必(bi)須配合建(jian)筑(zhu)專業進行(xing)管(guan)孔等的預(yu)留預(yu)埋(mai)(mai)工(gong)作(zuo)，主要包括：線(xian)槽預(yu)設、橋架(jia)穿(chuan)越樓(lou)板以及(ji)剪力墻處的孔洞預(yu)埋(mai)(mai)等，還(huan)包括了建(jian)筑(zhu)系統中的動力、照明(ming)與(yu)智能化系統電(dian)氣(qi)管(guan)線(xian)預(yu)埋(mai)(mai)及(ji)其防(fang)雷接地的焊(han)接工(gong)作(zuo)。

3.2進行樓(lou)板暗敷(fu)管(guan)線控制管(guan)理

建筑物的樓板暗敷(fu)電氣管線(xian)應該敷(fu)設在(zai)樓板內(nei)部兩層(ceng)(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)網之(zhi)間(jian)的位(wei)置，因(yin)此，必須在(zai)樓板的第一層(ceng)(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)網之(zhi)后進行預埋(mai)線(xian)管的工作，并(bing)且，對樓板暗敷(fu)管線(xian)最好在(zai)第二層(ceng)(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)網編扎之(zhi)前就(jiu)完工。

3.3進行墻壁(bi)內暗敷(fu)的電氣管(guan)線控制管(guan)理

從樓板(ban)引上或者是(shi)引下的(de)管(guan)線(xian)，都應該是(shi)處(chu)于相應的(de)墻壁內部，在進行建筑物墻壁的(de)砌體時，就應該完(wan)成終端線(xian)盒的(de)定位工作，并滿足相關(guan)設(she)計、規范(fan)的(de)要求。

3.4對放線、支架制(zhi)安的控(kong)制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)

機電工(gong)程系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)明裝(zhuang)(zhuang)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)以(yi)及(ji)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)、橋架(jia)在(zai)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)之前，都要(yao)預(yu)先進行放線(xian)(xian)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安置工(gong)作，線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)采用(yong)線(xian)(xian)卡直接固定安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)于(yu)(yu)樓(lou)板或者是墻上，線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)則采取(qu)角(jiao)鐵支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)，橋架(jia)與母線(xian)(xian)則采取(qu)專業廠家(jia)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)，同(tong)時要(yao)注(zhu)意支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)間距也(ye)要(yao)符合(he)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術規(gui)定。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)電氣管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)要(yao)求(qiu)要(yao)排列整齊、支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)牢固、固定點均勻，線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)彎曲半徑(jing)不得小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)外徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)6倍(bei)，電纜管(guan)(guan)則不得小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10倍(bei)，將保護管(guan)(guan)口采用(yong)工(gong)具打出喇(la)叭(ba)形狀，對(dui)管(guan)(guan)口邊緣(yuan)進行處理至光滑，帶(dai)機電工(gong)程電纜穿管(guan)(guan)完成之后，管(guan)(guan)口要(yao)采用(yong)專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)防火密(mi)(mi)封涂料進行妥善的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封處理。

3.5機(ji)電工程弱電系統的施(shi)工控制管理

（1）機電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)安(an)裝工(gong)(gong)藝管理(li)。弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程是一(yi)個(ge)(ge)技(ji)術性要求(qiu)(qiu)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程，想(xiang)要做好整個(ge)(ge)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)作，主要就(jiu)是抓好施工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)各個(ge)(ge)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術條(tiao)件(jian)以及(ji)安(an)裝工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術要求(qiu)(qiu)兩點。（2）機電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)技(ji)術文(wen)件(jian)管理(li)。弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術文(wen)件(jian)是該工(gong)(gong)程各個(ge)(ge)環(huan)節(jie)實施的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要依(yi)據。這些(xie)文(wen)件(jian)主要包含了(le)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)圖紙、設計說(shuo)明(ming)以及(ji)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術標(biao)準、各子(zi)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調試大綱、弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)集成系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能要求(qiu)(qiu)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據，對(dui)這些(xie)技(ji)術文(wen)件(jian)都要進行科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)，要建(jian)立并完善一(yi)套對(dui)技(ji)術文(wen)件(jian)收發、修改、保密等(deng)(deng)一(yi)系列的(de)(de)(de)(de)規章制度，保證機電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術文(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)落實。

篇4

1.1機(ji)電安裝(zhuang)施工中的(de)安全管理(li)

在建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)電安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)因素是(shi)最為重(zhong)要的(de)基(ji)礎和前提，建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)電安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事故(gu)的(de)主要發生(sheng)原因在于施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位未(wei)充分重(zhong)視(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)重(zhong)要性，且對安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作相關知識和措施(shi)了解(jie)不(bu)足。所以，建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應加強機(ji)電安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)和質量管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，從而(er)實現(xian)財產和人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)損失的(de)最大程(cheng)度減少(shao)。建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業應加強施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，通過(guo)(guo)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)教(jiao)育和培訓工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，指(zhi)導其(qi)掌握應對安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事故(gu)的(de)措施(shi)，提高其(qi)綜合素質，樹(shu)立安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)觀念。

1.2機電(dian)安裝施工中的(de)質量管理

建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中的(de)所(suo)有(you)子項目(mu)和(he)所(suo)有(you)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環節都會(hui)直接影(ying)響建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)整體施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，且各個施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環節均具有(you)難以(yi)更改、一(yi)次成型的(de)基(ji)本特征，所(suo)以(yi)，在建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機電安裝(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，應建(jian)立和(he)實施(shi)系統(tong)完善的(de)質量控制和(he)管理(li)制度，從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)培(pei)訓、機電設備選購(gou)、環境管理(li)、材料(liao)選擇、質量影(ying)響因素等多(duo)個角度出發，對建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機電安裝(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進行科學管理(li)。

1.3機電安裝施工(gong)(gong)中的(de)施工(gong)(gong)方案管理

在(zai)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)電(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)安(an)裝施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，技術人(ren)員應(ying)以(yi)現(xian)行的(de)技術規(gui)范和標(biao)準為基礎，組織(zhi)相關人(ren)間會審機(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)計方(fang)(fang)案(an)，從而(er)合理(li)(li)規(gui)定具體的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案(an)。建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)電(dian)安(an)裝施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)注(zhu)意涉及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組織(zhi)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)備(bei)和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術等幾(ji)個環(huan)節，不同(tong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案(an)，其(qi)在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期安(an)排和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所需設(she)(she)備(bei)等方(fang)(fang)面也存(cun)在(zai)一定的(de)差異，所以(yi)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)計人(ren)員應(ying)選擇合理(li)(li)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案(an)，從而(er)實現(xian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)的(de)提高以(yi)及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本的(de)降低(di)。

1.4機電安裝施工(gong)中的材(cai)料管理(li)

在建筑工程(cheng)機電(dian)(dian)安(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)工的(de)材(cai)料(liao)管理過(guo)程(cheng)中，現場(chang)控制是施(shi)工過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)最核心環節(jie)。在工程(cheng)施(shi)工開始之前，施(shi)工單位(wei)(wei)(wei)應做好材(cai)料(liao)供給工作，在采購機電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)和設(she)備時(shi)，施(shi)工單位(wei)(wei)(wei)需對其(qi)生產能力和供應單位(wei)(wei)(wei)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)進行詳細審查，避免發(fa)生供應單位(wei)(wei)(wei)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)不足或是施(shi)工材(cai)料(liao)質(zhi)量低下等問(wen)題(ti)。同時(shi)，施(shi)工單位(wei)(wei)(wei)還(huan)要注意避免發(fa)生材(cai)料(liao)運輸(shu)問(wen)題(ti)，從(cong)而對施(shi)工的(de)工期造成影(ying)響。

2各(ge)個機電安裝施工工序的技(ji)術(shu)要點

2.1母線的安裝

在(zai)機電設備施工前，應將插接母線放置在(zai)干燥通風的(de)室內場所，避(bi)免發生(sheng)受(shou)(shou)潮問題，在(zai)母線的(de)安裝過程中，需(xu)加強其信道的(de)土建施工作業，避(bi)免發生(sheng)成品受(shou)(shou)損。

2.2弱(ruo)電系(xi)統的(de)安裝

建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)弱(ruo)電系(xi)統安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)主要涉及(ji)內部對講、停車場管理(li)、閉路電視以及(ji)消防(fang)報警等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)多個(ge)系(xi)統。弱(ruo)電系(xi)統的(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)具有設(she)備(bei)(bei)成本較高、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)較短等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)特點，所以，這一安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)常規的(de)管槽(cao)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)基礎(chu)上，還應(ying)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)后期(qi)進行(xing)末端(duan)設(she)備(bei)(bei)和中(zhong)(zhong)央設(she)備(bei)(bei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)始前，做(zuo)好相應(ying)的(de)準備(bei)(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，系(xi)統完善地準備(bei)(bei)好施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場資料(liao)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)材料(liao)和設(she)備(bei)(bei)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)計(ji)圖紙以及(ji)勞動力等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)基本要素。同時，加強(qiang)孔洞和線管的(de)預埋處理(li)。若線槽(cao)需要穿過(guo)樓板或(huo)剪力墻(qiang)，則應(ying)預留孔洞。

2.3機電設備的安裝

建筑工(gong)程機電(dian)設備安(an)裝(zhuang)施工(gong)，通常包括解體(ti)安(an)裝(zhuang)和整體(ti)安(an)裝(zhuang)兩種(zhong)類型。在(zai)開始(shi)施工(gong)前，施工(gong)單(dan)位應嚴格全面地檢(jian)(jian)查機電(dian)設備，以保證(zheng)其符合安(an)全性(xing)和質量要求，同時要詳細核對機電(dian)設備材料(liao)的型號與數量。基本(ben)檢(jian)(jian)查流程包括：第(di)(di)一，檢(jian)(jian)查機電(dian)設備的放線和定(ding)位；第(di)(di)二，測試各類機電(dian)設備；第(di)(di)三，保證(zheng)各類機電(dian)設備準確就(jiu)位，對其精度進行(xing)(xing)合理(li)設定(ding)；第(di)(di)四，完成安(an)裝(zhuang)施工(gong)后進行(xing)(xing)試運行(xing)(xing)。

3結束語

篇5

關(guan)鍵詞;建筑工程； 電氣安裝； 施工； 技術；

中圖分類號：F407.6文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：

前言

影響住(zhu)(zhu)宅使用的(de)質(zhi)量問題有(you)很多(duo)，電氣安(an)裝工程(cheng)作為住(zhu)(zhu)宅建(jian)設中必不(bu)缺少的(de)組成部(bu)分、也存在著許(xu)許(xu)多(duo)多(duo)的(de)問題． 同時面臨著提高安(an)裝質(zhi)量，克(ke)服(fu)質(zhi)量問題的(de)重要任務。

一、電氣安裝施工前工作分析(xi)

電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前的(de)準備工(gong)(gong)(gong)作為接下來的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作起到了(le)很(hen)好(hao)的(de)鋪墊作用(yong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在起初的(de)設計(ji)(ji)階(jie)段，是由(you)專業(ye)設計(ji)(ji)人員(yuan)(yuan)對整個建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)項目的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)設計(ji)(ji)提出(chu)要求，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)人員(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)專業(ye)技術人員(yuan)(yuan)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)內容進行溝通(tong)協調，避(bi)免(mian)發生(sheng)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)人員(yuan)(yuan)重復作業(ye)和(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙(zhi)有遺漏的(de)內容，這就要求安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)人員(yuan)(yuan)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙(zhi)的(de)設計(ji)(ji)略懂，這樣(yang)也能避(bi)免(mian)與(yu)專業(ye)技術人員(yuan)(yuan)產生(sheng)溝通(tong)障礙。電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前，應盡可(ke)能地(di)了(le)解施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度和(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)計(ji)(ji)劃以及施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，特別是對建筑內的(de)房(fang)梁、房(fang)柱、房(fang)子地(di)面(mian)、屋面(mian)之(zhi)間怎樣(yang)連接和(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)手法做到心中有數(shu)。核(he)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中所采用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方法是否與(yu)自己(ji)準備的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方法相輔相成，另外，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)前還應該把(ba)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中所需(xu)要的(de)基本(ben)設備準備齊全，節省了(le)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中不必要的(de)準備時(shi)間。

二、電氣安裝施工中的主(zhu)要工作(zuo)分析

1、 審(shen)核圖紙。整(zheng)個電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝項目中，審(shen)核圖紙是(shi)最(zui)基本也是(shi)最(zui)關鍵的(de)(de)環節，它能(neng)有效地進(jin)行施工(gong)控(kong)制，做好電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，保證施工(gong)進(jin)度以及整(zheng)個工(gong)程的(de)(de)質(zhi)量. 審(shen)核圖紙應在熟悉(xi)圖紙的(de)(de)基礎之上找出漏(lou)洞(dong)、發現問題，盡最(zui)大可能(neng)在建(jian)筑工(gong)程施工(gong)之前(qian)解決問題。所(suo)以，應認真(zhen)仔細(xi)地做好審(shen)核工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，減少因為(wei)圖紙發生的(de)(de)施工(gong)失誤，從而(er)提高(gao)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)裝工(gong)程的(de)(de)質(zhi)量和整(zheng)個建(jian)筑工(gong)程的(de)(de)如期完成。

2、電(dian)氣安裝施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)及審(shen)(shen)批。①施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)內容(rong)簡潔明了具體實施(shi)(shi)(shi)過程(cheng)也比較容(rong)易，電(dian)氣安裝是整(zheng)個建(jian)筑安裝工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)子(zi)項目工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)具體內容(rong)一般都是由(you)建(jian)筑電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)交(jiao)給(gei)(gei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)術(shu)人員來(lai)完成，電(dian)氣安裝施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)內容(rong)如下：工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)概況、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)特點、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)管(guan)理、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)底、質量(liang)保證。②施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)批。首先，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)(wei)要(yao)對初步審(shen)(shen)查(cha)完的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案進(jin)行(xing)(xing)審(shen)(shen)批，審(shen)(shen)批合格后再(zai)(zai)(zai)交(jiao)給(gei)(gei)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)總(zong)監(jian)(jian)理組織其(qi)他專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)理師共同(tong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)審(shen)(shen)查(cha)，然后提出專(zhuan)(zhuan)業意(yi)見(jian)以及合理化的(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)意(yi)見(jian)，經過共同(tong)審(shen)(shen)查(cha)通(tong)過之后簽字確認，最后再(zai)(zai)(zai)交(jiao)給(gei)(gei)建(jian)設單位(wei)(wei)。如果對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案內容(rong)需(xu)要(yao)修(xiu)改(gai)的(de)(de)地(di)方，總(zong)監(jian)(jian)理師有(you)權把(ba)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案返(fan)回給(gei)(gei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)(wei)并(bing)要(yao)求(qiu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)(wei)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)修(xiu)改(gai)，待修(xiu)改(gai)合格之后再(zai)(zai)(zai)申報，并(bing)且重新對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案進(jin)行(xing)(xing)審(shen)(shen)定。

三、電氣安(an)裝施工的項目及調試問題分析

1、配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。①配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)主要核(he)心(xin)內(nei)容就(jiu)是配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，一旦配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)出現任何問題，很可能導(dao)致配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)無(wu)法正常進(jin)行運轉，可以(yi)說配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)是電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)臟。一旦配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)損害，就(jiu)會造成整個供電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)(de)癱瘓，從而降低了安(an)(an)(an)全感和(he)可靠性，在對(dui)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)進(jin)行控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，應(ying)對(dui)各(ge)項配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)進(jin)行深入細致的(de)(de)(de)檢查，消除事故(gu)隱患。②弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。由于弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)是一項專業性比較突出的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程，每個弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統中(zhong)都(dou)有(you)專門的(de)(de)(de)專業技術(shu)人(ren)員獨(du)立(li)操作(zuo)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)并且進(jin)行調試工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，就(jiu)算是工(gong)(gong)程監理(li)師也(ye)不可能對(dui)每一項系統都(dou)了如(ru)指掌，所以(yi)專業技術(shu)人(ren)員應(ying)該保證(zheng)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)質量，對(dui)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)(de)所有(you)設(she)(she)備(bei)和(he)各(ge)項功能都(dou)嚴格進(jin)行控制(zhi)。

2、配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在電氣(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)也是很重要的(de)(de)組成(cheng)部分(fen)，配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)的(de)(de)好壞(huai)最終可以(yi)直接影響建筑(zhu)體的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命和整(zheng)體安(an)全性(xing)，在配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，要選擇最適合建筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，采取(qu)合理(li)有效地技術(shu)措施(shi)(shi)，嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)(an)照(zhao)(zhao)配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)設計內容(rong)進(jin)行施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)束(shu)后(hou)一定要按(an)(an)照(zhao)(zhao)規范(fan)要求進(jin)行驗收工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，做好關(guan)于配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之前、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)束(shu)后(hou)的(de)(de)一切質量(liang)控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，嚴(yan)格(ge)把(ba)好質量(liang)關(guan)，認真做好技術(shu)審(shen)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，在審(shen)查過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)如果發現(xian)不符合操作規范(fan)和技術(shu)指標(biao)的(de)(de)地方，應及時請專業技術(shu)人(ren)員提出解決方案，保(bao)證配(pei)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)按(an)(an)照(zhao)(zhao)預期的(de)(de)方案順利(li)進(jin)行施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。

3、分(fen)(fen)(fen)部(bu)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)系(xi)統調試(shi)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)部(bu)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)系(xi)統調試(shi)的(de)這個階段主要(yao)是對各小系(xi)統和(he)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)間進行(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)，保證各項試(shi)驗(yan)內(nei)容均達到設(she)計以及生產要(yao)素的(de)要(yao)求，全力(li)配合好(hao)電力(li)監(jian)控中心對各供電系(xi)統的(de)實時監(jian)測以及控制。

4、電(dian)氣系統通(tong)電(dian)及聯合調(diao)試(shi)。①以最初設(she)計為(wei)主要(yao)依據，對(dui)供電(dian)系統和配電(dian)系統按(an)照(zhao)主回(hui)路(lu)先(xian)進(jin)行(xing)送(song)電(dian)然后支回(hui)路(lu)再進(jin)行(xing)送(song)電(dian)的(de)順序進(jin)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。②對(dui)于高(gao)壓(ya)室、低壓(ya)室、各(ge)(ge)項(xiang)開(kai)關的(de)試(shi)驗首(shou)先(xian)要(yao)使用正(zheng)(zheng)常穩定地工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)壓(ya)進(jin)行(xing)供電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，確認各(ge)(ge)項(xiang)開(kai)關能準確的(de)進(jin)行(xing)通(tong)電(dian)以及斷電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，并保證(zheng)動作(zuo)正(zheng)(zheng)常進(jin)行(xing)，然后再用調(diao)壓(ya)器進(jin)行(xing)降壓(ya)或者是失壓(ya)的(de)試(shi)驗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，確保對(dui)各(ge)(ge)開(kai)關做到正(zheng)(zheng)確分析(xi)和判斷。電(dian)氣安裝施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)項(xiang)目及調(diao)試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是判斷供電(dian)系統、配電(dian)系統、設(she)計質量(liang)、安裝質量(liang)、材料、設(she)備等內容(rong)的(de)重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容(rong)，其中調(diao)試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能對(dui)電(dian)氣線(xian)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)整體性、完(wan)整性、正(zheng)(zheng)確性起(qi)到良好的(de)作(zuo)用，還能保證(zheng)電(dian)氣設(she)備的(de)各(ge)(ge)項(xiang)功能正(zheng)(zheng)常運轉，嚴格按(an)照(zhao)規范內容(rong)進(jin)行(xing)控制。因此(ci)。在電(dian)氣安裝施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)調(diao)試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)強(qiang)度，為(wei)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程順利完(wan)成任務目標提(ti)供保障。

四、電(dian)氣安裝質(zhi)量控制策略

電氣安裝的(de)工(gong)程師只有(you)不斷地(di)提(ti)高自身的(de)專業(ye)素質(zhi)和(he)技術水平，才能更好地(di)完(wan)成對電氣工(gong)程質(zhi)量的(de)控(kong)制，以(yi)下是(shi)本(ben)人結(jie)合實際(ji)工(gong)作經驗對電氣安裝質(zhi)量控(kong)制提(ti)出(chu)的(de)兩點(dian)建(jian)議(yi)：

1、嚴格(ge)遵守質量規范的(de)內容(rong)(rong)。電氣(qi)(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)工程中對(dui)于施(shi)工質量的(de)規范要(yao)求內容(rong)(rong)較多且要(yao)求嚴格(ge)，施(shi)工中的(de)控制人員不(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)懂(dong)得專業知識(shi)還要(yao)結合實(shi)際(ji)經驗，通過理(li)論與實(shi)際(ji)相結合，不(bu)斷積(ji)累(lei)，對(dui)規范要(yao)求的(de)內容(rong)(rong)也應該熟悉掌握。在(zai)施(shi)工過程中一定要(yao)切記規范的(de)內容(rong)(rong)，不(bu)得使用偽劣產品，損(sun)害企業的(de)名(ming)譽(yu)和信譽(yu)，這樣(yang)才能保證電氣(qi)(qi)工程安(an)全進行。

2、完成任(ren)務(wu)目標(biao)，實(shi)現(xian)優(you)(you)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程。可(ke)想(xiang)而(er)知，每一個工(gong)(gong)程的(de)任(ren)務(wu)目標(biao)都(dou)是實(shi)現(xian)優(you)(you)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程，為企(qi)業贏(ying)得(de)信(xin)譽的(de)同時(shi)有獲得(de)豐厚(hou)的(de)利潤，那么如何(he)才能(neng)實(shi)現(xian)優(you)(you)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程呢？首(shou)先(xian)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位的(de)管理人員要有責任(ren)心，對各項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作做到認真(zhen)負責，其次要對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中重點(dian)環節了然于胸，任(ren)何(he)事(shi)情做到預先(xian)防范、公私分明(ming)、責任(ren)劃分清(qing)楚(chu)。所(suo)以，電氣(qi)安裝(zhuang)質(zhi)量控制(zhi)必須要依據施(shi)工(gong)(gong)合(he)同內的(de)條款進行(xing)，加強施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中的(de)管理工(gong)(gong)作，實(shi)現(xian)全方位的(de)控制(zhi)，從而(er)成為優(you)(you)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程。

五、結語

在建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所有施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)中，電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是(shi)最具復雜性(xing)(xing)(xing)、系統性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，其中電(dian)氣工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)系統的(de)(de)設備(bei)主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)為強電(dian)和弱(ruo)電(dian)兩種(zhong)，目(mu)前我(wo)國(guo)在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中普遍采(cai)用的(de)(de)是(shi)強電(dian)系統。其系統的(de)(de)自身設備(bei)精致(zhi)細(xi)密、結(jie)構多樣(yang)復雜、技術成(cheng)熟(shu)、牢固、安(an)(an)全性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)高、自動(dong)化設備(bei)等，以及對(dui)安(an)(an)裝的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)和質量(liang)(liang)控制比較(jiao)嚴(yan)格(ge)(ge)。對(dui)于(yu)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)整體投資(zi)以及施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)期的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)展都十分(fen)精確(que)，各項(xiang)指標需嚴(yan)格(ge)(ge)按(an)照(zhao)規范進(jin)(jin)(jin)行。因此(ci)，一定(ding)要(yao)按(an)照(zhao)國(guo)家頒布的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規進(jin)(jin)(jin)行操作，合理(li)安(an)(an)排(pai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序，控制好安(an)(an)裝質量(liang)(liang)，這(zhe)樣(yang)才(cai)能(neng)保證施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)展順利，按(an)時(shi)完成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，給企業帶來更(geng)長遠的(de)(de)發(fa)展。

參考文獻

[1]注冊建筑電氣工(gong)程師必備(bei)規范(fan)匯編[M].中國(guo)計(ji)劃出版社，2003.

[2]中(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑設計研(yan)究(jiu)院機電(dian)院.智能建(jian)(jian)筑電(dian)氣(qi)技術(shu)(精選).中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)力出版(ban)社(she)，2005.

作者簡介：

篇6

關鍵詞(ci)：機電工程；技術；組織管理

中圖分類號(hao)： TH-39文獻標識碼：A 文章編號(hao)：

前言

社會經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)帶(dai)動了建(jian)(jian)筑技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高。在建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中，機(ji)電安裝工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)其中的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成(cheng)部分，為(wei)了達(da)到(dao)機(ji)電安裝工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全可靠和(he)質量達(da)標，就一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)對(dui)機(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)與管理進行認(ren)真的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉆(zhan)研和(he)探討。一(yi)個合格的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技術(shu)(shu)人員(yuan)以(yi)及(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)管理人員(yuan)必須(xu)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)和(he)組織(zhi)管理知識做(zuo)到(dao)熟悉(xi)和(he)掌握，以(yi)適應不斷變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)社會環境(jing)和(he)市(shi)場競爭要(yao)(yao)求。

1 施工準備

施(shi)工(gong)準(zhun)備階段的(de)(de)工(gong)作內容，就是(shi)以為(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)的(de)(de)建(jian)設提供必需的(de)(de)技術條件和物質準(zhun)備為(wei)目(mu)的(de)(de)，對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)力(li)量(liang)與工(gong)程(cheng)現(xian)場進(jin)行全面(mian)統籌的(de)(de)安排和部署，為(wei)機電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)立(li)最根(gen)本的(de)(de)保障。通常情況(kuang)下(xia)，機電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)準(zhun)備工(gong)作包含(han)以下(xia)主(zhu)要內容：

1.1 技術準備

機電工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)準備(bei)工(gong)作中的(de)技術準備(bei)，是整個準備(bei)階段的(de)核(he)心任(ren)務，是工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)進行(xing)前必(bi)須高能高效(xiao)完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)作，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)工(gong)作包括(kuo)：（1）對(dui)工(gong)程的(de)施(shi)工(gong)圖(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)設(she)計內容進行(xing)了解(jie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)審查，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)施(shi)工(gong)圖(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)程設(she)計的(de)編制(zhi)(zhi)根據(ju)、所要(yao)(yao)(yao)達到的(de)目標和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容等。（2）對(dui)工(gong)程所有原始(shi)資料的(de)分析(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)討論。（3）進行(xing)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)的(de)預算和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)施(shi)工(gong)圖(tu)預算的(de)編制(zhi)(zhi)。（4）工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)組織設(she)計的(de)編制(zhi)(zhi)。

1.2 工程材料和機具的(de)準備

機(ji)(ji)電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)所(suo)(suo)需要的(de)材料(liao)(liao)種類多(duo)樣，較為復雜(za)。有(you)主要構件(jian)、相應配件(jian)、施(shi)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)械與機(ji)(ji)器(qi)設備等(deng)。以上材料(liao)(liao)和施(shi)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)械構成了(le)機(ji)(ji)電安裝工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)物(wu)質條件(jian)。具體來說有(you)以下幾項工(gong)作：（1）在正式施(shi)工(gong)進(jin)行之前，要認(ren)真(zhen)研究(jiu)討論各種材料(liao)(liao)的(de)需要量(liang)，并對采(cai)購(gou)市場(chang)進(jin)行調查和確(que)定(ding)(ding)；材料(liao)(liao)運(yun)送和保管方(fang)式也要事先確(que)定(ding)(ding)。（2）所(suo)(suo)有(you)構件(jian)配件(jian)等(deng)，編(bian)制好制作方(fang)案及(ji)安置(zhi)存放(fang)場(chang)地。（3）所(suo)(suo)需設備的(de)臺數、型號等(deng)確(que)定(ding)(ding)并安置(zhi)。

1.3 人員準備

依據(ju)工程的(de)規(gui)模(mo)和施(shi)工難(nan)度(du)等要求(qiu)，選擇適合(he)人(ren)員進(jin)(jin)行管理機構的(de)組(zu)建和工程項目部的(de)建立。合(he)理分工并(bing)重點選擇經驗豐富，工作高效的(de)人(ren)員。對勞動班組(zu)的(de)構成進(jin)(jin)行考查，要求(qiu)各(ge)個專業和工程人(ren)員要合(he)理配置并(bing)且(qie)要以(yi)施(shi)工進(jin)(jin)度(du)計劃為參考進(jin)(jin)行人(ren)員數量的(de)計算。

1.4 現場準備

參照施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)面(mian)圖搭建(jian)(jian)臨時建(jian)(jian)筑，如生產車間、辦公場所和生活(huo)建(jian)(jian)筑及倉庫。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程設備入場，確(que)保機械的(de)(de)用電安全，需要(yao)固定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)設備要(yao)搭設護(hu)棚，提前調試并制定(ding)(ding)好保養維修(xiu)等方案。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的(de)(de)各項安全保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)要(yao)落實到位，制定(ding)(ding)全面(mian)的(de)(de)防火、保安等規章制度，及預(yu)防和應急(ji)措施(shi)。

2 圖紙審查

圖(tu)(tu)(tu)紙審(shen)查要(yao)達(da)到的目標是(shi)(shi)，使施工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位和技術管理人(ren)員(yuan)對圖(tu)(tu)(tu)紙的設計意(yi)(yi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)和其中的技術難點(dian)作到熟(shu)悉掌握，并提(ti)前作出處(chu)理意(yi)(yi)見。及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)發現圖(tu)(tu)(tu)紙中可能存在的問題，并及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)改(gai)正(zheng)，避(bi)免在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)中出現問題。其中的重點(dian)包括，對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的功能進(jin)行了解，如生產廠房或是(shi)(shi)商業建筑等。審(shen)查各項設計數(shu)據與真實(shi)情況是(shi)(shi)否(fou)相符，材(cai)料(liao)選擇是(shi)(shi)否(fou)符合(he)質量(liang)要(yao)求(qiu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)成本控(kong)制要(yao)求(qiu)，指出其中可以改(gai)進(jin)的部分并處(chu)理。

3 施工組織設計

施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)織設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要內容(rong)是(shi)依(yi)據(ju)總設(she)計(ji)和原始資料(liao)，結(jie)合(he)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)要求和環境條件，進行最為(wei)(wei)合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確立。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)織設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)制必須要起到對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導作(zuo)用(yong)，要深刻體現(xian)出對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環境、地理特(te)征和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)特(te)征的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面掌握。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)是(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)織設(she)計(ji)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)重點，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)包括工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)操作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控制流向及各分項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式和機具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)等(deng)。作(zuo)好(hao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度計(ji)劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)制，它是(shi)使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)能夠在保證質量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia)按時完工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保證。要充分了(le)解業(ye)主(zhu)方對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時長等(deng)要求，并(bing)以施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案為(wei)(wei)依(yi)據(ju)詳(xiang)盡(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、材(cai)料(liao)消耗(hao)和機具使用(yong)等(deng)計(ji)劃。特(te)別要注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，要事先對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中可能遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難點如工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)環境等(deng)可能會(hui)影響工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)有所考(kao)慮，計(ji)劃一經確立就要成為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導，無特(te)殊(shu)原因(yin)不可更改。

4 機電(dian)工程(cheng)中的主要技術重點

4.1 機(ji)械設備的安裝

在(zai)機(ji)(ji)電工程的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)中(zhong)，主要(yao)分為通(tong)用(yong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)和專(zhuan)用(yong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)以(yi)及標準設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)三種(zhong)。任何(he)一種(zhong)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，都要(yao)在(zai)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)前進行檢測，對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)各項配(pei)件的(de)(de)數量和種(zhong)類(lei)都要(yao)清點齊全。清點確認無誤(wu)之后(hou)，就(jiu)開始(shi)將機(ji)(ji)具進行定位(wei)，在(zai)基礎安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)位(wei)置進行放線，進行初期檢驗(yan)，對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)性能作出判(pan)斷(duan)。以(yi)上工作完成(cheng)后(hou)，再進行機(ji)(ji)械(xie)的(de)(de)定位(wei)，精度調整并固定，之后(hou)就(jiu)可以(yi)正常施(shi)工。當(dang)機(ji)(ji)電工程的(de)(de)施(shi)工完成(cheng)后(hou)，對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)進行拆卸并清洗，對(dui)(dui)超出防銹保存周期的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)一定要(yao)加強清潔(jie)，并適當(dang)涂抹(mo)油。

4.2 母線安裝

當機(ji)電(dian)安(an)裝所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)插(cha)接母(mu)線(xian)(xian)運送至(zhi)施工現場(chang)后，必須要(yao)設置專門的(de)(de)存放場(chang)所(suo)，要(yao)求(qiu)環(huan)境(jing)干燥并通風。在進行(xing)安(an)裝之(zhi)前密(mi)集型(xing)的(de)(de)母(mu)線(xian)(xian)一定要(yao)進行(xing)絕(jue)緣(yuan)檢測。并且(qie)要(yao)注意母(mu)線(xian)(xian)安(an)裝前一定要(yao)確(que)保封建工程的(de)(de)一切有水作業的(de)(de)完成，以免使母(mu)線(xian)(xian)安(an)裝后再受到侵蝕。安(an)裝完成之(zhi)后要(yao)與(yu)開關部分牢固(gu)連(lian)接和良好(hao)密(mi)封，并確(que)保不(bu)受外(wai)力的(de)(de)影響。

4.3 弱電系統安裝

機(ji)電(dian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工程中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)電(dian)系(xi)統安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)通常包括消防預警、閉路(lu)電(dian)視、通信系(xi)統和(he)停車場管理系(xi)統等。通常在機(ji)電(dian)設(she)備安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)中(zhong)(zhong)，弱(ruo)電(dian)系(xi)統安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)工期安排相對不長，同(tong)時弱(ruo)電(dian)系(xi)統安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)所需的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備都非常昂貴，所以只有管槽(cao)可(ke)以在較(jiao)早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)時期進(jin)行安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，而其余的(de)(de)(de)末端及中(zhong)(zhong)央設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)應(ying)該(gai)在后期統一施工。在弱(ruo)電(dian)系(xi)統安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)中(zhong)(zhong)通常包括

以(yi)下幾(ji)個方面：（1）電(dian)梯(ti)的(de)安裝，在電(dian)梯(ti)的(de)安裝中(zhong)，有明確(que)的(de)質量要求，包括轎(jiao)箱(xiang)地坎同各樓(lou)層底線(xian)的(de)距離等。電(dian)梯(ti)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)路(lu)一定(ding)要單獨設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)，做好保(bao)護接(jie)地和安全保(bao)護裝置(zhi)(zhi)。（2）機電(dian)設(she)備(bei)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)央(yang)主機都是高度集成的(de)設(she)備(bei)，安裝主要過程通常為設(she)備(bei)的(de)定(ding)位和線(xian)路(lu)連

接(jie)及(ji)校準，軟(ruan)件的安(an)裝(zhuang)調(diao)(diao)試(shi)(shi)和(he)系(xi)(xi)統聯動調(diao)(diao)試(shi)(shi)等。主機的安(an)裝(zhuang)時期應(ying)該在機房(fang)工程和(he)室內裝(zhuang)修完成(cheng)后(hou)再進(jin)行操(cao)作。設(she)(she)備(bei)之間(jian)的部(bu)件要求牢固連接(jie)，并設(she)(she)置有(you)防銹層。（3）通信及(ji)閉路電視的安(an)裝(zhuang)調(diao)(diao)試(shi)(shi)。電訊(xun)系(xi)(xi)統的調(diao)(diao)試(shi)(shi)包括交換機、數據(ju)網(wang)絡(luo)、綜(zong)合線路和(he)終端設(she)(she)備(bei)等。閉路電視則(ze)需要進(jin)行電源及(ji)線路的測(ce)試(shi)(shi)，接(jie)地電阻、電動云臺(tai)、攝(she)像機、操(cao)控設(she)(she)備(bei)和(he)門禁系(xi)(xi)統等。

5 工程驗收

機(ji)(ji)電設(she)備(bei)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)重要組成，建筑(zhu)行(xing)業的(de)從(cong)(cong)業者，都應(ying)該對機(ji)(ji)電設(she)備(bei)的(de)安裝技(ji)術(shu)和管(guan)理(li)給予(yu)足夠(gou)的(de)重視(shi)，充分掌(zhang)握其(qi)中(zhong)容(rong)易出現的(de)問(wen)題，從(cong)(cong)而(er)在實(shi)際的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)有效(xiao)避(bi)免事故和技(ji)術(shu)問(wen)題的(de)發生。使建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)質量能夠(gou)得(de)(de)到更好的(de)保障，最終(zhong)得(de)(de)以為社會創(chuang)造出更多的(de)經濟效(xiao)益。

6 結束語

機電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)各(ge)個專業要以(yi)檢驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)批次和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程分項來劃分工(gong)(gong)(gong)序并確(que)(que)定重點(dian)質量控制環(huan)節(jie)。上(shang)一環(huan)節(jie)安裝(zhuang)完成后(hou)，如經質量檢驗(yan)(yan)確(que)(que)定為不(bu)合格，則(ze)不(bu)可進行下一環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)。分項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程完成后(hou)，要落實自(zi)檢和(he)互檢以(yi)及(ji)交接(jie)檢查(cha)等工(gong)(gong)(gong)作并作好(hao)書面(mian)記錄(lu)。如果(guo)驗(yan)(yan)收的(de)(de)各(ge)方(fang)負責人在(zai)(zai)驗(yan)(yan)收質量上(shang)存在(zai)(zai)不(bu)一致(zhi)的(de)(de)意(yi)見(jian)時，需要上(shang)報建設(she)行政(zheng)部門的(de)(de)主管人員及(ji)質量檢測機構進行復檢和(he)提出(chu)處理意(yi)見(jian)，待達成統一意(yi)見(jian)后(hou)，再繼續工(gong)(gong)(gong)程驗(yan)(yan)收工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。

參考文獻

 [1]彭康杰.建筑機電(dian)工(gong)程中的(de)安裝(zhuang)施工(gong)管理措施探討[J].山西建筑，2007（03）135.

篇7

【關鍵詞】高層建(jian)筑 機電工(gong)(gong)程 施工(gong)(gong)技術

高(gao)(gao)層建筑(zhu)逐漸(jian)實現多能化以(yi)及智(zhi)能化建設，為保證(zheng)所(suo)有(you)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常運(yun)(yun)行，必須要(yao)加強對機電施工(gong)質量的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)，進而需要(yao)對施工(gong)技術進行更為深入的(de)(de)(de)研究。在工(gong)程建設時不(bu)但要(yao)保證(zheng)其(qi)具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)經濟效益(yi)，更重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)是要(yao)具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性能，保證(zheng)建筑(zhu)內所(suo)有(you)系統(tong)都能良好(hao)運(yun)(yun)行，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)建筑(zhu)整體(ti)使(shi)用效率(lv)。

一、高層建(jian)筑機電工程施工管(guan)理(li)

（一）施工前管理

在確定施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)項目后(hou)，應與工(gong)(gong)(gong)程實際需(xu)求(qiu)相結(jie)合，建(jian)立(li)相應的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理部門并(bing)配置相應管理人(ren)員。組織技術人(ren)員以設計圖紙為依據，進(jin)入(ru)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場進(jin)行交接，并(bing)做好對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場的有效(xiao)規劃，制(zhi)定具體施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)組織方(fang)案(an)。在進(jin)入(ru)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場后(hou)，要求(qiu)所(suo)有人(ren)員必須嚴格按照(zhao)設計方(fang)案(an)進(jin)行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，控(kong)制(zhi)好每一(yi)個施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)點(dian)，確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程能夠順利(li)的進(jin)行。

（二(er)）施(shi)工進度管理

在(zai)高層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)筑機(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理(li)中，進(jin)度(du)管(guan)理(li)是(shi)其中重要(yao)的(de)環(huan)節(jie)，對土建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)配合(he)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)弱電系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有著決定(ding)性影響，對保證設(she)備順利安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)使用安全具有重要(yao)意(yi)義(yi)。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度(du)的(de)管(guan)理(li)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)結合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程需(xu)(xu)要(yao)，制定(ding)相應的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度(du)表，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)應嚴格按照計劃進(jin)行，如(ru)果(guo)其中遇到變更等情況，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)與其他專(zhuan)業相互聯系(xi)(xi)協商，在(zai)不影響整(zheng)體施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)基礎上調(diao)整(zheng)進(jin)度(du)標。高層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)業多(duo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序復雜，例如(ru)管(guan)線施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)圖以(yi)及(ji)(ji)設(she)備安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)等，還需(xu)(xu)要(yao)制定(ding)相應的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序。

（三）施工界面(mian)管(guan)理

對(dui)機電(dian)工程施(shi)工界(jie)面(mian)的管(guan)(guan)理，主要是針對(dui)弱電(dian)系統(tong)、裝修工程以及機電(dian)安(an)裝等(deng)進行(xing)有效(xiao)的劃分(fen)與協調。應該由(you)專(zhuan)業人員對(dui)各(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)業以及施(shi)工界(jie)面(mian)進行(xing)有效(xiao)規劃，各(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)業負責(ze)人通過調度會(hui)議，在(zai)以實(shi)際情況為依據(ju)的情況下綜(zong)合分(fen)析各(ge)(ge)項信(xin)息，最終(zhong)對(dui)界(jie)面(mian)管(guan)(guan)理進行(xing)書面(mian)形(xing)式的協調、修改以及記(ji)錄(lu)等(deng)。

二、高層建筑機電施工(gong)技(ji)術管

（一）弱電系統

根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)輸送功(gong)率大小，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統(tong)可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)與強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)兩種，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于高(gao)層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)筑電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統(tong)來說，一般將>220V/50HZ的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)定義為(wei)(wei)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，其余(yu)則(ze)為(wei)(wei)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)是高(gao)層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)筑機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成部(bu)分(fen)，應用(yong)上(shang)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)兩個方(fang)面，即(ji)國家(jia)怪定的(de)安(an)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級的(de)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，如(ru)樓道應急照明燈等；另(ling)一方(fang)面則(ze)是載(zai)有(you)數據、語音以(yi)及圖像等信(xin)息的(de)信(xin)息元，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話、計(ji)算機等。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)證系統(tong)安(an)裝質(zhi)量，需要(yao)(yao)與工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實際(ji)情況(kuang)相結合，選擇額最為(wei)(wei)合適的(de)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。高(gao)層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)筑弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)求相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)嚴格(ge)，其中建(jian)筑電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)安(an)裝涉及到(dao)(dao)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)標準眾多，例如(ru)在安(an)裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)門時(shi)，必須要(yao)(yao)將各(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)開門刀與門地坎之間(jian)的(de)間(jian)距控制在58mm，并(bing)且開門滾輪與轎廂地坎的(de)間(jian)距也需要(yao)(yao)控制在58mm。因為(wei)(wei)建(jian)筑電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)復雜，在進行(xing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)應單獨設置一條電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(xian)。另(ling)外，還應做好(hao)(hao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜長度的(de)控制，如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)向上(shang)運行(xing)達(da)到(dao)(dao)最高(gao)處時(shi)，應保(bao)(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜不受(shou)力(li)(li)，如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)向下(xia)運行(xing)到(dao)(dao)達(da)最低處時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜不會拖地。另(ling)外，為(wei)(wei)滿足工(gong)(gong)期(qi)要(yao)(yao)求，在進行(xing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)應做好(hao)(hao)相應的(de)準備工(gong)(gong)作，要(yao)(yao)求設備建(jian)材的(de)選用(yong)必須要(yao)(yao)滿足施(shi)工(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)求，并(bing)且線(xian)(xian)纜敷設過程(cheng)中，做好(hao)(hao)線(xian)(xian)纜標識，在完成后還應對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)進行(xing)全(quan)面測試。

（二）給排水系統

在(zai)高(gao)層建筑中給排(pai)水系統(tong)并(bing)不(bu)完全相同(tong)，主(zhu)要包括建筑給水、排(pai)水、消防、熱水以(yi)及雨水等內(nei)(nei)容。在(zai)對給排(pai)水系統(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)施工(gong)(gong)時，應按(an)照(zhao)先(xian)(xian)難(nan)后(hou)易、先(xian)(xian)大(da)后(hou)小的方(fang)式進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，例如在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道安(an)裝(zhuang)時，需要按(an)照(zhao)風(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)優先(xian)(xian)水管(guan)(guan)(guan)、水管(guan)(guan)(guan)優先(xian)(xian)電管(guan)(guan)(guan)、大(da)管(guan)(guan)(guan)優先(xian)(xian)小管(guan)(guan)(guan)的原(yuan)則進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)施工(gong)(gong)。尤其(qi)是在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)室內(nei)(nei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道安(an)裝(zhuang)時，需要嚴格審查管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)質量(liang)，包括管(guan)(guan)(guan)道性能以(yi)及直徑(jing)等，根據(ju)室內(nei)(nei)設置(zhi)確(que)定出最為合適的施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案。另(ling)外，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)完畢(bi)后(hou)，必(bi)須要及時對其(qi)施工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)驗收，檢查給排(pai)水系統(tong)是否(fou)合理，以(yi)及是否(fou)與(yu)其(qi)他系統(tong)相沖突等，確(que)保(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道能夠滿足給排(pai)水要求。

（三）電氣系統

在進行(xing)電氣系(xi)統施(shi)(shi)工(gong)前應做(zuo)好準(zhun)備(bei)工(gong)作，并(bing)以各項技(ji)術文(wen)件為各個(ge)階段施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的主(zhu)要依據(ju)，因(yin)此(ci)應做(zuo)好對(dui)(dui)數(shu)據(ju)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)的收(shou)(shou)集，例(li)如收(shou)(shou)集圖(tu)紙、數(shu)據(ju)、技(ji)術標(biao)準(zhun)、產品說明(ming)、設(she)(she)計理念(nian)以及(ji)(ji)相(xiang)關系(xi)統調試數(shu)據(ju)等。各類(lei)數(shu)據(ju)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)的存在對(dui)(dui)電氣系(xi)統的順(shun)利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)具有重要意(yi)義，因(yin)為高層(ceng)建筑建設(she)(she)過(guo)程中經常會(hui)出現各專(zhuan)業的交叉(cha)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，為避(bi)免相(xiang)互之間產生不良影響，需(xu)要有各方面資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)的支持。例(li)如在進行(xing)預埋管(guan)(guan)線施(shi)(shi)工(gong)時(shi)，必須要做(zuo)好線面標(biao)定，并(bing)且預留(liu)預埋電線管(guan)(guan)時(shi)應嚴格遵守(shou)電氣專(zhuan)業管(guan)(guan)線圖(tu)要求，以及(ji)(ji)線路的設(she)(she)計應按照橋(qiao)梁與(yu)隧道走向進行(xing)開(kai)孔與(yu)開(kai)槽處理。

三、結束語

高層建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)機電(dian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術管理，需(xu)要(yao)從滿足工(gong)(gong)程實際需(xu)求出發，對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)準備工(gong)(gong)作、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進度以及施(shi)工(gong)(gong)界(jie)面等進行(xing)管理，并做好各(ge)項專業施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術的(de)管理，確保機電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)能夠滿足建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)要(yao)求，不(bu)斷提高工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)經濟效益與社會效益。

參考文獻：

[1]田(tian)鴻昊，李亮.高層建筑深基坑支護施工(gong)管理(li)分(fen)析[J].華章，2010，（09）.

篇8

1.1缺乏統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術標準(zhun)目前，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區域(yu)有(you)相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)，但在(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍內(nei)(nei)，沒有(you)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術標準(zhun)，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)導(dao)(dao)致全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術層(ceng)次不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)水平也(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，這(zhe)樣(yang)使全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)具有(you)局限性(xing)，難以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互相運作(zuo)(zuo)。例如，在(zai)(zai)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算機局域(yu)網系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)中，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍技(ji)(ji)術標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)，便(bian)(bian)很難實(shi)現(xian)區域(yu)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息交流、資料共享，這(zhe)樣(yang)便(bian)(bian)會影(ying)響(xiang)辦公的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率與地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)。1.2建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)不(bu)(bu)切(qie)實(shi)際智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、使用(yong)等都需要許多部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，包括(kuo)有(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政府部門、業主、設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)員、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位等。建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)切(qie)實(shi)際，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)從實(shi)際從發(fa)考(kao)慮設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，就(jiu)(jiu)容易導(dao)(dao)致設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)、業主、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員對(dui)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)追求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)同，因而(er)(er)(er)對(dui)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)(li)(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)解不(bu)(bu)同，便(bian)(bian)會難以(yi)達致統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)案，從而(er)(er)(er)影(ying)響(xiang)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制定和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)。例如，業主追求(qiu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)功能(neng)(neng)便(bian)(bian)捷(jie)、完(wan)(wan)備，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)追求(qiu)高水準(zhun)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位希望工(gong)(gong)(gong)程簡單(dan)等，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)導(dao)(dao)致設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)跟隨潮流、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術欠缺，使系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)本高，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程運作(zuo)(zuo)困難等。1.3缺乏相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業人(ren)(ren)才就(jiu)(jiu)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)而(er)(er)(er)言，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業知識(shi)欠缺，對(dui)于通(tong)信、計(ji)(ji)(ji)算機、電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣等方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)掌握(wo)，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)造成(cheng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)出現(xian)問(wen)題時，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析整體系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)有(you)效、全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解決問(wen)題，而(er)(er)(er)是使各系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)獨立運行，各部門單(dan)獨管理(li)(li)(li)(li)。同時，智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)缺少具有(you)前瞻性(xing)、創新性(xing)、有(you)經驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)員，對(dui)于系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)便(bian)(bian)缺乏先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術、完(wan)(wan)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)，使系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)性(xing)不(bu)(bu)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，容易在(zai)(zai)以(yi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)維護中出現(xian)不(bu)(bu)便(bian)(bian)和(he)(he)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題。1.4對(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)多引(yin)用(yong)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)步較晚(wan)，在(zai)(zai)技(ji)(ji)術方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)落后(hou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)。在(zai)(zai)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)筑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)中，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)位占據(ju)(ju)了(le)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大部分位置，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大多數(shu)有(you)關(guan)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)引(yin)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產品(pin)，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)大大阻礙(ai)了(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)研(yan)制，影(ying)響(xiang)了(le)相關(guan)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。同時，由于國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)產品(pin)、設(she)(she)(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價格(ge)昂貴，在(zai)(zai)產品(pin)技(ji)(ji)術方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)與我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)存在(zai)(zai)某些出入(ru)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)存在(zai)(zai)信息泄(xie)露、數(shu)據(ju)(ju)丟失等問(wen)題，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)使我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)順利(li)開展(zhan)。

2智能化弱電系統的優化對策

2.1提高(gao)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)決定了(le)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)包括施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)兩方(fang)面。設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)案要(yao)以經濟(ji)性(xing)、實用(yong)(yong)性(xing)、科學(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)為原(yuan)則，根據(ju)(ju)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)劃(hua)，通(tong)過(guo)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，制定出可(ke)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)案，整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，需(xu)要(yao)根據(ju)(ju)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)制定，結合(he)實際情況規(gui)范(fan)(fan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，確(que)保方(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)性(xing)。2.2完善(shan)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、維(wei)護在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)前，要(yao)確(que)保施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人員(yuan)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人員(yuan)對(dui)(dui)整(zheng)個施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)熟悉掌(zhang)握(wo)，把握(wo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點，分(fen)(fen)工(gong)(gong)明確(que)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、分(fen)(fen)階段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人員(yuan)要(yao)對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監管(guan)(guan)，嚴格把控工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個環(huan)節(jie)，完善(shan)監測(ce)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)制度(du)，提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)護效率，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隱(yin)患降到最低。在(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)纜、電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敷設(she)(she)(she)(she)，統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)等(deng)做(zuo)好數據(ju)(ju)記錄，為工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和質量(liang)(liang)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)提供方(fang)便(bian)。2.3學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)，培(pei)養專(zhuan)(zhuan)業人才我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)起步較晚，在(zai)(zai)(zai)人才、技術(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)面與(yu)國(guo)外(wai)有(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差距。在(zai)(zai)(zai)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)要(yao)借鑒學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)國(guo)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)，根據(ju)(ju)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、實際情況，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)地(di)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)國(guo)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)。通(tong)過(guo)對(dui)(dui)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)、研究，開(kai)發(fa)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)念、新(xin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業人才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養，除了(le)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業知識(shi)及電(dian)(dian)氣、通(tong)信(xin)、計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算機等(deng)知識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)外(wai)，還應不(bu)斷培(pei)訓(xun)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)國(guo)外(wai)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)，培(pei)養設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前瞻性(xing)、創新(xin)性(xing)思維(wei)。2.4對(dui)(dui)集成商(shang)(shang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)謹慎(shen)地(di)選擇(ze)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)而言，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)作模(mo)式一般是(shi)(shi)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成商(shang)(shang)、承包商(shang)(shang)對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)控制管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，或者是(shi)(shi)業主(zhu)對(dui)(dui)各個系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)整(zheng)體(ti)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)控制。在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)運(yun)(yun)作中(zhong)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成商(shang)(shang)需(xu)要(yao)對(dui)(dui)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)非(fei)常熟悉，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠根據(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)特點進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)審核(he)(he)，使(shi)產品(pin)符合(he)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求。同(tong)時(shi)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成商(shang)(shang)還需(xu)要(yao)負責施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)、交付使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、服務、調試等(deng)工(gong)(gong)作，在(zai)(zai)(zai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)起主(zhu)導(dao)作用(yong)(yong)。因此，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成商(shang)(shang)必須具備(bei)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、技術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、組織管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，對(dui)(dui)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)、審核(he)(he)，對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全、質量(liang)(liang)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)把控。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)直接(jie)影響著智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展、質量(liang)(liang)，謹慎(shen)地(di)選擇(ze)負責任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集成商(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)質高(gao)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)鍵。

3結束語

篇9

關鍵詞：機(ji)電安裝(zhuang) 工程 施工 控(kong)制 管理(li)

中圖分類號： TU85 文獻標識碼： A

機(ji)電(dian)設備(bei)(bei)安裝及調(diao)試是企業改造的核(he)心內容。在建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)只(zhi)有搞好機(ji)電(dian)安裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的技(ji)術管理，才能(neng)控制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的施工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)和進度，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的好壞將決(jue)定建筑(zhu)使用(yong)質(zhi)量(liang)的高(gao)低。機(ji)電(dian)安裝是建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的重要組成部(bu)分，涵蓋了工(gong)(gong)(gong)業、民用(yong)、公用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)的各類設備(bei)(bei)、電(dian)氣、給排水、采暖、通(tong)風、消防、通(tong)信及自動(dong)化控制(zhi)系統的安裝。

1、機電安裝(zhuang)施(shi)工過程

1.1預(yu)埋階(jie)(jie)段(duan)。該(gai)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)是(shi)指在土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)的(de)結構施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)，要(yao)精(jing)確做好預(yu)埋工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前安(an)裝(zhuang)技(ji)術(shu)人員應(ying)會(hui)同(tong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)技(ji)術(shu)人員共同(tong)審(shen)核土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)和安(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙，以防(fang)(fang)錯漏碰(peng)缺，安(an)裝(zhuang)技(ji)術(shu)人員應(ying)該(gai)學(xue)會(hui)看懂土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙包括結構留洞(dong)圖(tu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。了解(jie)土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度計劃和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法，尤其是(shi)梁、柱．地面、屋面的(de)做法和相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)間的(de)連接方(fang)式，并仔細地核對安(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)準備采(cai)用(yong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案是(shi)否與土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案相(xiang)(xiang)適應(ying)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前還必須加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)制(zhi)作(zuo)井備齊預(yu)埋件、預(yu)埋管(guan)線(xian)、接線(xian)盒、套管(guan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。在預(yu)埋預(yu)留配(pei)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前應(ying)編制(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)項施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案，如(ru)鋼套管(guan)預(yu)埋施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案、防(fang)(fang)雷接地安(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案等(deng)(deng)(deng)。安(an)裝(zhuang)各專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)員應(ying)根(gen)據施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)和技(ji)術(shu)文件、驗收規(gui)范等(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)向施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)班組進(jin)行技(ji)術(shu)和產品(pin)保護等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面的(de)交底(di)。同(tong)時，形(xing)成施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交底(di)記錄，及時簽發施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業任務(wu)書。在基礎工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時安(an)裝(zhuang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業應(ying)及時配(pei)合(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)建(jian)(jian)做好強弱電(dian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)電(dian)纜穿(chuan)墻、給排水管(guan)道穿(chuan)墻防(fang)(fang)水套管(guan)預(yu)埋工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。該(gai)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)要(yao)求(qiu)安(an)裝(zhuang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業嚴格控制(zhi)套管(guan)的(de)軸線(xian)，標高、位置，尺(chi)寸(cun)、數(shu)量(liang)、材(cai)質、規(gui)格等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面是(shi)否符合(he)設計圖(tu)紙要(yao)求(qiu)。

1.2結構(gou)階(jie)段。結構(gou)階(jie)段是指在土建拆模并出清(qing)現場(chang)后(hou)，安裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)全面(mian)開(kai)始(shi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)至可進行裝(zhuang)飾工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)為止。主要工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是管(guan)道(dao)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，各層支管(guan)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，電氣線槽、照明管(guan)線的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等。毛坯階(jie)段施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)由于(yu)涉(she)及電氣、管(guan)道(dao)、通(tong)風(feng)等各專(zhuan)業(ye)，因此各專(zhuan)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師在進行質量控制時不僅要對本專(zhuan)業(ye)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量充分(fen)重視，而且(qie)相互(hu)間的協調配合非常重要，否則會因隱患問題影響大局(ju)。

1.3裝(zhuang)飾階段。裝(zhuang)飾階段的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)屬于配(pei)合(he)性質。主(zhu)要(yao)進行強(qiang)電、弱電、照明等的(de)施(shi)工(gong)，噴淋(lin)頭(tou)的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)，衛(wei)生(sheng)潔具的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)、鑲接、校水(shui)工(gong)作(zuo)等。

1.4綜(zong)合調(diao)試(shi)階(jie)段。綜(zong)合調(diao)試(shi)是整(zheng)(zheng)個機電安裝工程(cheng)的(de)(de)最后階(jie)段，它對(dui)整(zheng)(zheng)個工程(cheng)能否正常啟用，起到關鍵(jian)作(zuo)用。綜(zong)合調(diao)試(shi)包括：通風系統(tong)、風機風壓及(ji)風量的(de)(de)測試(shi)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)；管(guan)道試(shi)驗(yan)；冷凍(dong)供回水管(guan)的(de)(de)循環沖洗(xi)；設備(bei)試(shi)車(che)，所有電氣項目的(de)(de)線路校對(dui)、單體試(shi)驗(yan)、繼保(bao)整(zheng)(zheng)定、系統(tong)裝置整(zheng)(zheng)定、模擬動作(zuo)試(shi)驗(yan)等。

機電(dian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)貫(guan)穿(chuan)在整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，主要部分在結(jie)構工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)束以(yi)后開始施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，并在裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)開始以(yi)前(qian)基(ji)本結(jie)束，所以(yi)對整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期有重要影響；機電(dian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)質量對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后的(de)使用功能有著(zhu)關鍵作用，要求施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位在施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)嚴格(ge)把關。

2、機電(dian)安裝施工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)技術

建筑(zhu)機(ji)電的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安裝技術工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種、材(cai)料具(ju)有(you)多樣(yang)性(xing)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)復雜(za)性(xing)，在實際(ji)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中要(yao)投入大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)人力(li)(li)、物(wu)力(li)(li)，需(xu)要(yao)各施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位及相關(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)單位有(you)豐(feng)富的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)經歷和(he)(he)經驗。作為大(da)型機(ji)電安裝項(xiang)目的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)，必須有(you)一個健全完善(shan)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系，從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實體(ti)形(xing)成(cheng)階段、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)層(ceng)次和(he)(he)影響的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法、人員素(su)質(zhi)(zhi)、機(ji)具(ju)設備、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環境(jing)、材(cai)料進場和(he)(he)使用等方面，對質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)進行全面策劃和(he)(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。因(yin)此(ci)，有(you)必要(yao)成(cheng)立以項(xiang)目經理(li)(li)為主，生(sheng)產副經理(li)(li)、項(xiang)目總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師、相關(guan)職能部門負責(ze)人、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)長和(he)(he)各分包負責(ze)人構成(cheng)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系。項(xiang)目經理(li)(li)部應(ying)正確(que)處理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)、成(cheng)本三者關(guan)系，使全體(ti)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員清楚地認(ren)識(shi)到，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)是企業生(sheng)存發展的(de)生(sheng)命線。

3、機電安裝施工成本控制

確(que)定(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)標，建立(li)(li)健全的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)責(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)(zhi)，完善企業(ye)立(li)(li)法成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)通(tong)常可(ke)分為可(ke)變成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)和(he)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben) 兩大(da)類。可(ke)變成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)是(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)生產過程(cheng)直(zhi)接相關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，在(zai)機電安裝行(xing)業(ye)中，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)勞動力、機械、材(cai)料的(de)(de)直(zhi)接成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)以及現場(chang)間(jian)接成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)之和(he)，這些成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)可(ke)變是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為他們是(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)進行(xing)的(de)(de)工程(cheng)量的(de)(de)函數。固(gu)定(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指一般管理成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，它的(de)(de)發生與(yu)所(suo)進行(xing)的(de)(de)工程(cheng)量無關(guan)(guan)，而保持一個較(jiao)穩定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)比例(li)。根據每個工程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)招(zhao)投標的(de)(de)具體(ti)情況，確(que)立(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)標。把目(mu)標建立(li)(li)在(zai)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)上，使(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)標更具現實性(xing)和(he)可(ke)操作性(xing)。落實目(mu)標成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)責(ze)(ze)任并(bing)使(shi)(shi)目(mu)標成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)有(you)效(xiao)控制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)鍵是(shi)(shi)(shi)明確(que)承包人(ren)的(de)(de)責(ze)(ze)、權、利。要建立(li)(li)完整的(de)(de)目(mu)標成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系“完善企業(ye)經營、施工技術、質(zhi)量、安全、材(cai)料、定(ding)(ding)額、核(he)算(suan)、財務等各項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)管理制(zhi)(zhi)度和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)實施考(kao)核(he)細則”。

3.1根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)特點，優化(hua)(hua)施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)設計。企(qi)業經營要從投(tou)標報價、中(zhong)標成(cheng)(cheng)交條(tiao)件(jian)、合同成(cheng)(cheng)交約(yue)定等承接工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)和(he)承建工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的源頭抓起，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的性質、規(gui)模和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝特點，結合企(qi)業現(xian)(xian)有的施工(gong)(gong)能力、技(ji)術水(shui)平、安裝設備等實(shi)際情況(kuang)，修改并完(wan)善(shan)投(tou)標前的施工(gong)(gong)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)設計，選用經濟(ji)、合理、較為(wei)科學的施工(gong)(gong)方案，合理安排施工(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程(cheng)，強化(hua)(hua)施工(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)管理，盡可能縮短施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)期，減少成(cheng)(cheng)本支出，把握成(cheng)(cheng)本控制目(mu)標。

3.2積(ji)極(ji)與設(she)(she)計部(bu)門(men)溝通，技(ji)(ji)術(shu)交底，對有可(ke)能采用(yong)先進工(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、降低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)方(fang)案(an)及(ji)時提(ti)出(chu)，以提(ti)高(gao)效率，降低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)務必制(zhi)訂出(chu)切實可(ke)行(xing)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)節約措施(shi)(shi)，對將在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)采用(yong)的(de)(de)新(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝、新(xin)材料、新(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)以及(ji)各種代用(yong)品均做好事前(qian)(qian)周密策劃，反復實踐驗證(zheng)(zheng)，一(yi)(yi)經確定的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)方(fang)案(an)必須堅決(jue)貫徹(che)執行(xing)，不僅要認(ren)真地進行(xing)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)交底，更(geng)要嚴格把關檢查保證(zheng)(zheng)安全可(ke)靠(kao)地順利實施(shi)(shi)，促(cu)使工(gong)(gong)程成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本降低(di)。如(ru)某糧庫機電(dian)安裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)程，因一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)選的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)為不成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟廠家產(chan)品，結果造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)組安裝(zhuang)后(hou)，進行(xing)調試(shi)(shi)始終(zhong)達不到工(gong)(gong)藝要求，這樣既拖延了交工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)，也使調試(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作難度增(zeng)大(da)，大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加了后(hou)期(qi)調試(shi)(shi)服務的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本。

3.3堅(jian)持計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)指導生產，強(qiang)化定額控制。按(an)照科(ke)學(xue)合(he)理的施工方案和計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，組織施工和合(he)理安(an)排(pai)，根(gen)據具(ju)體施工安(an)排(pai)和定額量，編制出(chu)(chu)勞動力、材料(liao)、設(she)備、機具(ju)等使用(yong)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)和資金使用(yong)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，使人、財、物的投入在定額范(fan)圍內按(an)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)滿(man)足施工需要，避免工程成本出(chu)(chu)現人為失控。

3.4加強(qiang)人工(gong)(gong)費(fei)管理，做好(hao)(hao)人工(gong)(gong)成本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)有效控(kong)制。施工(gong)(gong)操(cao)作人員(yuan)要(yao)擇優篩選技術(shu)好(hao)(hao)、素質高(gao)、工(gong)(gong)作穩定(ding)、作風頑強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)成建制的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)務隊伍(wu)，實(shi)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)態(tai)管理。合理安排好(hao)(hao)施工(gong)(gong)作業面，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)定(ding)額水平(ping)和全員(yuan)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生產力(li)，嚴格按定(ding)額任務考核計(ji)量(liang)和結算，實(shi)行(xing)多勞(lao)多得。在施工(gong)(gong)中，要(yao)做好(hao)(hao)工(gong)(gong)種之間(jian)、工(gong)(gong)序之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)銜(xian)接，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生產率(lv)，降低工(gong)(gong)資費(fei)用(yong)。機電安裝(zhuang)是勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密集型行(xing)業，勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生產率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)意味著單位(wei)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)減少，單位(wei)時間(jian)內完成工(gong)(gong)程數量(liang)增加，這樣不僅能夠減少成本(ben)中的(de)(de)(de)人工(gong)(gong)費(fei)，而且(qie)還相應地降低其他費(fei)用(yong)。保證工(gong)(gong)人飲食質量(liang)，既能增加工(gong)(gong)人體能提(ti)(ti)高(gao)生產率(lv)，又能從(cong)主觀能動(dong)(dong)(dong)性上提(ti)(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作積(ji)極(ji)性，從(cong)而提(ti)(ti)高(gao)效率(lv)，縮(suo)短(duan)工(gong)(gong)期，降低了成本(ben)。

總之，建(jian)筑現場(chang)施工中機電設(she)備安(an)裝是(shi)建(jian)設(she)工程的(de)重要(yao)組成部分，其涵蓋面廣，對于機電設(she)備安(an)裝施工企(qi)業(ye)(ye)來(lai)講，只(zhi)(zhi)有充(chong)分調動(dong)(dong)(dong)和發(fa)揮企(qi)業(ye)(ye)員(yuan)工的(de)主觀(guan)能(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性和創(chuang)造性，施工技(ji)術不斷(duan)創(chuang)新，才能(neng)賦予企(qi)業(ye)(ye)新的(de)活力(li)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)向前發(fa)展。建(jian)筑現場(chang)施工中機電技(ji)術安(an)裝工程是(shi)一(yi)個多工種、多工序(xu)、多系統的(de)復雜生產過(guo)程，也只(zhi)(zhi)有根(gen)據(ju)自身(shen)施工特點，本著安(an)全、優質(zhi)、高效的(de)原則，制(zhi)定(ding)切實(shi)可行(xing)的(de)各種質(zhi)量規(gui)章制(zhi)度，并貫(guan)徹執行(xing)，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)才能(neng)在(zai)激烈(lie)的(de)市場(chang)競(jing)爭(zheng)中立于不敗之地。

參考文獻

[1]沈(shen)先福.淺談機電安裝工程施工技術(shu)與(yu)質量(liang)管(guan)理{J}.山西(xi)建筑,2006年(nian)第(di)4期

篇10

關鍵詞：航站樓(lou)弱電工程進(jin)度管理

中圖分類號：U665.2 文(wen)獻標識碼(ma)： A

20世紀50年代以來,航(hang)空旅客驟增,為滿足旅客服務(wu)、生(sheng)活保障、行李(li)處理(li)、行政辦公(gong)等多種功能，各種規模宏大、設(she)備復雜，功能繁多的現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)航(hang)站樓(lou)(lou)出現(xian)(xian)在人(ren)們眼前。現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)的航(hang)站樓(lou)(lou)弱(ruo)電系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)包括機場信(xin)息(xi)集成系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、安檢(jian)信(xin)息(xi)管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、離港(gang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、樓(lou)(lou)宇自控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、內通(tong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、會(hui)議系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、有線電視(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等若干個子系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。

弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)主(zhu)要是智能建(jian)(jian)筑范疇(chou)內(nei)的(de)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)系統方面(mian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內(nei)容。航站樓建(jian)(jian)設(she)中弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)也有其自身的(de)特點：一、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)量(liang)繁重。弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)系統龐大，且安裝技術(shu)復雜(za)，調試工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)量(liang)大，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序交錯繁雜(za)。二、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)要多方配合。弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)時，往(wang)往(wang)受制(zhi)于作(zuo)業面(mian)的(de)制(zhi)約，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)必須(xu)與土建(jian)(jian)、水電(dian)暖通、消防、室(shi)內(nei)裝飾等多個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)部(bu)門密(mi)切配合。為確(que)保工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度(du)和(he)質量(liang)符(fu)合合同規定的(de)要求，進(jin)度(du)管理(li)顯得由為重要。

進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)管理，是指在項目建設(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)中按照審(shen)批的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)，采用適當的(de)方法定期(qi)跟蹤(zong)、檢(jian)查工(gong)程(cheng)實際進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)狀況，與計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)對照、比(bi)較(jiao)找出兩(liang)者(zhe)之間(jian)的(de)偏差(cha)，并對產(chan)生偏差(cha)的(de)各種(zhong)因素及(ji)(ji)影響工(gong)程(cheng)目標的(de)程(cheng)度(du)(du)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)分析與評估，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)組織(zhi)、指導、協(xie)調、監(jian)督(du)監(jian)理單(dan)(dan)位、施工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位及(ji)(ji)其他相關單(dan)(dan)位，及(ji)(ji)時采取有效措(cuo)施調整工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)，使工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)在計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)執行(xing)中不斷(duan)循環(huan)往復(fu)，直至按設(she)(she)定的(de)工(gong)期(qi)目標（項目竣工(gong)）如期(qi)完成，或在保證工(gong)程(cheng)質量和(he)不增加工(gong)程(cheng)造價的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下提前完成。[1]

航站樓弱(ruo)電(dian)工程(cheng)進(jin)度管理中存在的問題

1、工程施工前期準備不(bu)足(zu)

工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設的基(ji)本程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序分為(wei)計(ji)劃(hua)、設計(ji)和(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)三個(ge)階段(duan)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段(duan)又分為(wei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)準備、土建施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、設備安裝(zhuang)、系統調試、交工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收幾個(ge)階段(duan)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)準備是施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產的重要組成部(bu)分，是擬對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)目標，資源供應(ying)和(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案的選擇，及其空間(jian)布置和(he)時(shi)間(jian)排列(lie)等諸方面統籌(chou)安排 [2] 。在項(xiang)目建設中，弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開始相對較晚，所以弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)該(gai)具有更多時(shi)間(jian)完善工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的前期準備，然而某些施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)不(bu)認真編制施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)組織設計(ji)，導致(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中人員(yuan)、設備配(pei)備混亂；不(bu)及時(shi)根(gen)據現場情況修正施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙，導致(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)現場變更過多，多次(ci)返工(gong)(gong)(gong)，影(ying)響工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進度。

2、施工界面協調(diao)不到位

弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)現(xian)場(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)序，一般為：現(xian)場(chang)管(guan)線的(de)(de)預埋、線槽布放、線纜鋪(pu)設、設備安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)及線纜端(duan)接、測試、系統調試及開通等(deng)(deng)幾(ji)個階段(duan)。管(guan)線預埋工(gong)作(zuo)需要與(yu)(yu)土建、裝(zhuang)修、電(dian)(dian)氣安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)單位進行(xing)(xing)(xing)協調，只有(you)土建、裝(zhuang)修及電(dian)(dian)氣安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單位創(chuang)造(zao)好(hao)了(le)條件才能進行(xing)(xing)(xing)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，但是(shi)實際(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)為追趕進度往(wang)往(wang)需要弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)單位與(yu)(yu)土建、裝(zhuang)修、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)單位的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)界面(mian)交叉進行(xing)(xing)(xing)。有(you)時(shi)會出(chu)現(xian)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)房橋架、管(guan)線等(deng)(deng)基礎設施(shi)(shi)已布設完畢(bi)但裝(zhuang)修單位負責安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)門窗還未能到位，致使(shi)弱(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)設備不能安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)調試的(de)(de)情況出(chu)現(xian)。

 3、工(gong)程進度、項目成(cheng)本與施工(gong)質量無法同(tong)時兼顧(gu)

 工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)的速(su)度(du)與成(cheng)本投入的速(su)度(du)相(xiang)關。有些施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位，為使工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)加快(kuai)，將工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進行分包(bao)，各分包(bao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)(dui)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場同時開工(gong)(gong)(gong)，但是施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)(dui)各自為政(zheng)，互不(bu)配合，不(bu)能(neng)合理安排“并行”或“串(chuan)行”作(zuo)業，導致大量人力、物力的浪費(fei)，即影響工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)率，又無法保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量，還提高了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)本。

4、人力資源浪費或技術力量(liang)欠缺

弱電系統建設(she)需要擁有較強(qiang)技(ji)術(shu)能力的(de)專業人員參加(jia)安裝、測試(shi)以及調(diao)試(shi)等(deng)工作。在(zai)混亂的(de)施工中，經常會出現(xian)技(ji)術(shu)人員搬設(she)備、調(diao)試(shi)員忙于安裝等(deng)人力資源浪費的(de)情況(kuang)。有時(shi)又會因為技(ji)術(shu)力量(liang)不足，導致設(she)備無法調(diao)試(shi)運行，從而拖慢整個(ge)弱電工程進度(du)。

5、對設備到貨(huo)周期(qi)估計不足(zu)

弱電系統設(she)備，特別(bie)是(shi)航(hang)站樓弱電系統設(she)備經(jing)常需要從國外進口，如(ru)果沒(mei)有預先(xian)訂貨，且又對設(she)備的物流(liu)周期及報關時間估(gu)計不足，就(jiu)會造成窩工(gong)，對于整(zheng)體建設(she)進度影響巨大。

二、加強弱電工程(cheng)進度管(guan)理的對策

1、科(ke)學制(zhi)定進度計(ji)劃

對于(yu)弱電工程的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)度進(jin)(jin)行(xing)科(ke)學有效的(de)(de)管理(li)，首(shou)先要制(zhi)定科(ke)學合理(li)的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)度計劃(hua)(hua)，確定工程的(de)(de)工期及(ji)(ji)各個(ge)階段的(de)(de)目(mu)標與工藝流程。在招、投標的(de)(de)過(guo)程中，工期設定必(bi)須依據企業所制(zhi)定的(de)(de)工期定額來執行(xing)。制(zhi)定進(jin)(jin)度計劃(hua)(hua)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)很多：如項(xiang)目(mu)性質(zhi)、項(xiang)目(mu)整體結(jie)構、項(xiang)目(mu)層數、舉架高(gao)度等(deng)；并(bing)且(qie)對于(yu)施工季節以及(ji)(ji)項(xiang)目(mu)所在地的(de)(de)氣候因(yin)素(su)也需要考慮在內[3]。

以某機(ji)(ji)場航(hang)站(zhan)(zhan)樓(lou)(lou)工程為(wei)例(li)。某機(ji)(ji)場新(xin)建X航(hang)站(zhan)(zhan)樓(lou)(lou)建筑面積約(yue)23.1萬㎡，包(bao)括主樓(lou)(lou)、過街樓(lou)(lou)、地下(xia)行李(li)通(tong)道、連(lian)接樓(lou)(lou)、指廊。主樓(lou)(lou)平面呈矩(ju)形長約(yue)348m，寬約(yue)108m，分為(wei)三(san)層，局部設(she)(she)有夾(jia)層；+10米(mi)(mi)(mi)層為(wei)國(guo)(guo)際國(guo)(guo)內(nei)出發層；±0.00米(mi)(mi)(mi)層為(wei)國(guo)(guo)際國(guo)(guo)內(nei)到(dao)港層；+10米(mi)(mi)(mi)層和(he)±0.00層設(she)(she)有國(guo)(guo)際國(guo)(guo)內(nei)旅客到(dao)達夾(jia)層和(he)設(she)(she)備用房(fang)；-8.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)層為(wei)行李(li)處理系統和(he)設(she)(she)備用房(fang)。另設(she)(she)過街樓(lou)(lou)聯系主樓(lou)(lou)和(he)連(lian)接樓(lou)(lou)，連(lian)接樓(lou)(lou)又連(lian)接兩個指廊，指廊設(she)(she)置登機(ji)(ji)口(kou)。

如(ru)要在(zai)國際國內(nei)旅客到達廳布設(she)(she)廣(guang)播設(she)(she)備(bei)，要在(zai)±0.00米(mi)層頂面(mian)布設(she)(she)喇叭，高度(du)(du)近10米(mi)，需要搭設(she)(she)腳(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)。這就要聯系暖(nuan)通專(zhuan)業了(le)解±0.00米(mi)層地(di)(di)面(mian)地(di)(di)暖(nuan)的鋪(pu)設(she)(she)情況(kuang)，以(yi)及(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修單位(wei)地(di)(di)面(mian)石材的鋪(pu)設(she)(she)進度(du)(du)，另(ling)外還應配(pei)合屋面(mian)吊頂及(ji)光源安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)進度(du)(du)。在(zai)不影(ying)響地(di)(di)面(mian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修的情況(kuang)下(xia)，搭設(she)(she)腳(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)，并且安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)喇叭盡(jin)量與(yu)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光源同步(bu)進行以(yi)盡(jin)量減少(shao)重復(fu)搭建腳(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)工作(zuo)。因此在(zai)制定進度(du)(du)計劃時要考(kao)慮(lv)多方因素，設(she)(she)置具(ju)有一定的彈性，合理的計劃。

2、動態(tai)控制進度計劃

進度管(guan)(guan)理不(bu)能一成不(bu)變(bian)(bian)，而(er)要(yao)隨著客觀的(de)環境(jing)變(bian)(bian)化而(er)適時(shi)(shi)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)，也不(bu)能死扣條(tiao)文，要(yao)根據實際情(qing)況及時(shi)(shi)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理和施工方向，做到動態管(guan)(guan)理。同(tong)樣以要(yao)在(zai)國際內旅客到達廳（±0.00米層）頂(ding)面布設(she)廣播設(she)備為例。因為冬季采暖(nuan)(nuan)，暖(nuan)(nuan)通專業進行通暖(nuan)(nuan)試水(shui)后發現地(di)暖(nuan)(nuan)出現漏水(shui)情(qing)況，部分地(di)面鋪設(she)的(de)石材要(yao)被砸掉，維修地(di)暖(nuan)(nuan)后重(zhong)新(xin)鋪設(she)，這(zhe)就嚴重(zhong)影(ying)響該(gai)區域內腳手架的(de)架設(she)，導致頂(ding)面喇叭無法(fa)安裝(zhuang)，從(cong)而(er)拖慢工程進度。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)需要(yao)項目負責人(ren)能及時(shi)(shi)了(le)解(jie)現場情(qing)況，做出正確判斷(duan)，調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)進度計劃。

3、建立高效(xiao)團隊，協作完成計劃

一、要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)各(ge)弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)組建高效(xiao)團(tuan)隊，合理(li)配(pei)備普(pu)通勞工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)、測(ce)試工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師，確保物盡其用、人(ren)盡其才；二、要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)各(ge)弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)相互(hu)協(xie)作(zuo)，避免因施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)界面沖突而產生矛(mao)盾，影響施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)。航站樓弱電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)共(gong)設(she)(she)(she)有(you)安(an)(an)防(fang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、公(gong)共(gong)廣播系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、離港(gang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、安(an)(an)檢信息系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、內部通訊系(xi)統(tong)(tong)等16個子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，甲方要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)監理(li)單位(wei)每周組織一次(ci)(ci)監理(li)例會，由(you)各(ge)子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)項目(mu)經理(li)分別匯(hui)報工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進展情況，甲方出面與(yu)監理(li)就施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)問題(ti)統(tong)(tong)一協(xie)調處(chu)理(li)。如：前(qian)(qian)期各(ge)子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)架設(she)(she)(she)橋(qiao)架、布(bu)埋(mai)線(xian)路任務繁重(zhong)(zhong)。若各(ge)子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)各(ge)自為政，你架你的(de)橋(qiao)架，我(wo)(wo)布(bu)我(wo)(wo)的(de)線(xian)纜(lan)，容易(yi)造成重(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)，既費物又費時。甲方要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)在布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)橋(qiao)架和(he)線(xian)纜(lan)前(qian)(qian)由(you)監理(li)召集各(ge)子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)開會對照(zhao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙，統(tong)(tong)一規(gui)劃布(bu)埋(mai)線(xian)路，一次(ci)(ci)布(bu)埋(mai)減少重(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)和(he)浪費，同時還達到了布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)整齊(qi)的(de)效(xiao)果。三、要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)各(ge)弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)與(yu)土建、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)緊(jin)密配(pei)合，做到土建施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時預設(she)(she)(she)預埋(mai)件，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)架設(she)(she)(she)橋(qiao)架，布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)線(xian)路、面板，弱電(dian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)與(yu)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)同時推進。

結語

實踐證明進度管(guan)理對于航站樓弱電工程(cheng)建設(she)由為重要。在(zai)建設(she)過程(cheng)中一定(ding)要尊重計(ji)劃、合理配置、落實管(guan)理，運(yun)用科學手段解決問題，完成(cheng)(cheng)工期、成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)與質(zhi)量(liang)之間的(de)博弈。

參考文獻

[1]李敏，談工程項目的進(jin)度管(guan)理山西(xi)建筑 2012（04）