1.創造性的文化(hua)因素

一(yi)般來說(shuo)，人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化(hua)因素與其所受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)程度(du)有(you)關。受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)程度(du)越(yue)高，其文化(hua)因素也就越(yue)高。高職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化(hua)因素不(bu)僅應(ying)(ying)該具備專(zhuan)業知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，還應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)具備廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人文科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)自(zi)然科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。即(ji)應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)具有(you)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、條件(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)創(chuang)造性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所謂基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)指包括一(yi)般性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)其相關領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。條件(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)反映(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)能夠保(bao)證工作(zuo)獲得成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)理論知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，即(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)心理科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)及(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習方(fang)(fang)法、技能形成規律等方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)指教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)不(bu)僅僅從書本或其它渠(qu)道上獲得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，更主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)，通過(guo)對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反思而獲得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)經驗，在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)際(ji)工作(zuo)情境中(zhong)形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種經驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)合。創(chuang)造性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)指教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)程中(zhong)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、記憶、思考和(he)(he)解決實(shi)際(ji)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)般方(fang)(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)如何運用基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、條件(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，創(chuang)造性(xing)(xing)地去(qu)處理和(he)(he)解決好教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)這個特定情境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。高職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)具有(you)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結構和(he)(he)文化(hua)背景(jing)。尤其是(shi)應(ying)(ying)該具有(you)創(chuang)造性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，這是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高層次，是(shi)高職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)文化(hua)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)竭之(zhi)源。

2.良好(hao)的專業技(ji)能(neng)因素

隨著時(shi)代的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，社會(hui)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)人才的(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)越來(lai)越高(gao)(gao)，這對(dui)我們高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)院校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)提出了新的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。不(bu)僅能(neng)(neng)(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)理論，更(geng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌握技(ji)(ji)(ji)術；不(bu)僅是(shi)“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育家”，更(geng)應(ying)該是(shi)“技(ji)(ji)(ji)術專(zhuan)家”；不(bu)僅需要(yao)(yao)(yao)一般化的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，而且還要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和職(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。因此，“雙師(shi)(shi)(shi)型(xing)(xing)”教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)已經(jing)越來(lai)越受到高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)生的(de)(de)歡迎。所以，我們高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)了具(ju)備(bei)扎實(shi)的(de)(de)理論知識和基本技(ji)(ji)(ji)術外，還要(yao)(yao)(yao)學會(hui)具(ju)有(you)(you)現代信息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術和實(shi)踐技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，不(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)操作能(neng)(neng)(neng)力、專(zhuan)業(ye)實(shi)踐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，更(geng)應(ying)該成為(wei)具(ju)有(you)(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，形成“知識型(xing)(xing)”、“技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)型(xing)(xing)”、“創造型(xing)(xing)”的(de)(de)三型(xing)(xing)統一的(de)(de)綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，這樣才能(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)好地(di)培養出具(ju)有(you)(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術能(neng)(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)生。這是(shi)現代高(gao)(gao)職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)一個顯明的(de)(de)趨勢。

3.健(jian)康的心理因素

教師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教育實踐證明：教師(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理健康與教師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)業發(fa)展和(he)對(dui)學生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理健康有(you)著十(shi)分密切的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)。良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理狀(zhuang)態(tai)不(bu)僅有(you)助于(yu)促進自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)健康，而且會(hui)使人精神飽(bao)滿、情緒穩定(ding)，對(dui)工作、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活和(he)學習充(chong)滿了熱情，還會(hui)有(you)助于(yu)克服職(zhi)業倦怠和(he)個人疾病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)康復(fu)。高(gao)職(zhi)教師(shi)面(mian)對(dui)繁重(zhong)工作壓力和(he)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人際(ji)關系(xi)，面(mian)對(dui)困難時若不(bu)能(neng)正確地認識自(zi)己，就(jiu)容易產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)激動、不(bu)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情緒，或者產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)焦慮(lv)不(bu)安、抑郁等心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理問(wen)題(ti)。如果不(bu)能(neng)很好地調節和(he)控制這些(xie)不(bu)良的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理狀(zhuang)態(tai)，長期以往就(jiu)容易導致心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理障礙，甚至產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理疾病。因(yin)(yin)此，高(gao)職(zhi)教師(shi)具有(you)健康的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理因(yin)(yin)素(su)是現代(dai)高(gao)職(zhi)教師(shi)素(su)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)內容之(zhi)一。

一(yi)、校園文化職業性建設是職教(jiao)教(jiao)育發(fa)展的基本條件

1.物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文化職業(ye)(ye)環境建(jian)設(she)(she)高職院(yuan)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)文化建(jian)設(she)(she)除了具(ju)備物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文化和(he)精(jing)神(shen)文化共(gong)性之外，更重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是突出“職”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)征，融入(ru)更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職業(ye)(ye)理想、職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能、職業(ye)(ye)人(ren)文素質(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)。物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文化建(jian)設(she)(she)是校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)文化建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎載體，以校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施為表(biao)現(xian)形式，比如建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)、雕塑(su)、廣場、路燈等(deng)。青島職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術學院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)文化建(jian)設(she)(she)利用(yong)廢棄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工業(ye)(ye)齒(chi)輪、淘汰下來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火車、飛機等(deng)重新(xin)粉刷作為校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)色工業(ye)(ye)雕塑(su)。利用(yong)遺棄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樹樁、陳舊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桌椅，通過藝術設(she)(she)計(ji)學院(yuan)學生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創意(yi)再造，變成了新(xin)穎奇特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)景觀。實現(xian)了學院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職業(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)色，充盈了校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職業(ye)(ye)環境建(jian)設(she)(she)，豐富(fu)了校(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)件。

2.引入企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)，突(tu)(tu)出(chu)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教育(yu)特征。職(zhi)(zhi)教教育(yu)應把校(xiao)企(qi)(qi)結合制度和(he)(he)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)教育(yu)貫穿在三年(nian)的(de)(de)課(ke)堂(tang)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)，這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)決定了(le)高職(zhi)(zhi)校(xiao)園文(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設必(bi)須引入企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)，突(tu)(tu)出(chu)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教育(yu)特征。教育(yu)部制定的(de)(de)國培(pei)計劃，使大量的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教師(shi)有機會(hui)深入到(dao)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)國家(jia)示范校(xiao)和(he)(he)骨干校(xiao)進行參觀，校(xiao)園文(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設的(de)(de)學習是必(bi)不可少的(de)(de)一項。為了(le)突(tu)(tu)出(chu)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教育(yu)特征，這(zhe)些院校(xiao)會(hui)把企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)滲透到(dao)學生日常的(de)(de)學習生活(huo)和(he)(he)校(xiao)園文(wen)化(hua)(hua)活(huo)動中(zhong)來，同時選派相關專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)教師(shi)下(xia)場掛(gua)職(zhi)(zhi)鍛煉(lian)，親身感受企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)，并引進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工程師(shi)和(he)(he)資深技術人員，開展各(ge)種(zhong)技能大賽和(he)(he)技能活(huo)動，給(gei)校(xiao)園文(wen)化(hua)(hua)帶來企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)新氣象。

二、“三性”教育(yu)的不斷加強是職教教育(yu)良好發展(zhan)的有力(li)保障

職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不同于普(pu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，還(huan)要具備職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)、技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)性(xing)(xing)和師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)特征，我們把它稱為(wei)“三(san)性(xing)(xing)”教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)。“職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)”是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)存在的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)其核心(xin)價值和優(you)勢所(suo)在；“技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)性(xing)(xing)”是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)目標，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)具有綜合知識(shi)和高(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)技(ji)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)者(zhe)；“師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)性(xing)(xing)”即是(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)等(deng)(deng)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)以(yi)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)導(dao)向，以(yi)具體的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)實踐活動(dong)為(wei)目標。在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)中首先(xian)要培(pei)(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生健康的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)道(dao)德素養(yang)，解決他們的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)難題，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)出適應(ying)其工(gong)作崗位的(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)道(dao)德素質人才。這(zhe)就要求高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)是(shi)(shi)“職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)”和“技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)性(xing)(xing)”相結合。通過職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)們相互(hu)走出來、融(rong)進去，增強(qiang)(qiang)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理想(xiang)和職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)道(dao)德教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)；在和其它優(you)秀院(yuan)校溝通學(xue)(xue)(xue)習的(de)(de)(de)同時，增強(qiang)(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)書育(yu)人的(de)(de)(de)責任感(gan)和使(shi)命感(gan)，更新(xin)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)理念，掌握(wo)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)力(li)，增強(qiang)(qiang)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)“師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)性(xing)(xing)”；通過培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，完(wan)善教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)體系，注重教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)和發展(zhan)；通過學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交流(liu)等(deng)(deng)途徑(jing)，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)其知識(shi)創新(xin)能(neng)力(li)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)力(li)和科研能(neng)力(li)，提升專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)頭人行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)影響(xiang)力(li)。

三、德(de)國“雙元制”教育(yu)模式(shi)引入是高職(zhi)教育(yu)未來發展(zhan)方向

一、高職教師職業壓力的現狀及其(qi)成因

職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(OccupationalStress)是(shi)(shi)指教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)活(huo)動(dong)中，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)現有(you)條件(jian)不(bu)(bu)能滿(man)足其某種需(xu)要(yao)而感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)緊張(zhang)或焦慮狀態(tai)，并造成與其職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)要(yao)求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)相符的(de)(de)(de)(de)一系列不(bu)(bu)良(liang)反應。職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)伴隨著潛(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)致病(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)理(li)變化，給個(ge)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)幸福與安寧(ning)帶來比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)負面影響(xiang)。眾(zhong)多(duo)(duo)(duo)研(yan)究表明，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)均(jun)顯(xian)著高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)護士、醫生(sheng)等(deng)(deng)其他職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)，并呈(cheng)現繼(ji)續(xu)增加的(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)勢(shi)。導致高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)因(yin)素(su)具有(you)多(duo)(duo)(duo)元性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，主要(yao)表現為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)來源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)元性(xing)，既有(you)諸(zhu)如個(ge)人(ren)特質、需(xu)要(yao)和態(tai)度(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)個(ge)人(ren)因(yin)素(su)，也有(you)諸(zhu)如行(xing)政(zheng)組(zu)織、家(jia)庭、社會和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)等(deng)(deng)外在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)因(yin)素(su)。總體來說，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)非常(chang)(chang)普遍(bian)和明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。筆者通(tong)過對(dui)(dui)陜(shan)西青年(nian)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)放調查問(wen)卷發(fa)現，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)五級(ji)計分(fen)(fen)中(均(jun)值為(wei)(wei)3)得分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)3．10，說明教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)到(dao)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。研(yan)究結果還(huan)顯(xian)示，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)十個(ge)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)源(yuan)依(yi)次是(shi)(shi):評職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱條件(jian)多(duo)(duo)(duo)、限制(zhi)死(si)、條件(jian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(4．16);繼(ji)續(xu)深(shen)造、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)或參加學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術活(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)會太(tai)少(3．84);學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)缺乏(fa)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)動(dong)機(ji)或興趣(3．64);教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)社會地位仍然不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(3．52);學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)素(su)質不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，有(you)不(bu)(bu)良(liang)習(xi)(xi)慣(guan)，管理(li)難度(du)(du)大(da)(3．44);缺乏(fa)時間(jian)完成科研(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)研(yan)工作(zuo)(3．44);教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)、福利待(dai)遇(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(3．44);學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)管理(li)對(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)限制(zhi)太(tai)死(si)，獎懲、分(fen)(fen)配制(zhi)度(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)合理(li)(3．24);每天工作(zuo)時間(jian)太(tai)長(3．2);工作(zuo)量大(da)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)到(dao)很疲勞(3．12)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)口學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)變量與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)總體水平之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系方面，男教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總體感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(3．25)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)女教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(2．97);已婚教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)(3．14)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)未婚教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(2．78);中級(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)(3．18)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(2．44);在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)類別方面，校(xiao)外兼職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)最大(da)(3．23)，校(xiao)內專任(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)感(gan)(gan)(gan)受(shou)(3．11)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)兼課教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(2．98)。從(cong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維度(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)析，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)也是(shi)(shi)顯(xian)而易見的(de)(de)(de)(de)。除教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)際關(guan)系(2．21)和自身發(fa)展(zhan)(2．84)兩個(ge)維度(du)(du)上壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)外，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)管理(li)與待(dai)遇(yu)(yu)(3．35)、角色職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(3．48)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)因(yin)素(su)(3．32)和工作(zuo)負荷(3．20)上均(jun)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。

分析其(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因，一是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)度(du)(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)問題。因為(wei)我國高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校(xiao)只有(you)(you)十幾年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)歷史，近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)快，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)擴(kuo)招(zhao)力(li)度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)，但(dan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)隊伍建設卻(que)相對(dui)滯后，存在對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)重(zhong)管(guan)制(zhi)，輕溝通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)放管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)傾向，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在追求(qiu)(qiu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)價值(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)展(zhan)(zhan)現自我價值(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，受(shou)到學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)過(guo)度(du)(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約束(shu)，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)迷(mi)茫和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)失落感。二是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)涯(ya)問題。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)一個(ge)孤(gu)寂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)過(guo)程(cheng)，須(xu)投入(ru)大(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)精力(li)，而(er)現實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)卻(que)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)完(wan)全為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)提供上(shang)述工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)利條件(jian)，諸如職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱評定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬性(xing)指標要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)與(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)平(ping)常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差距、高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)困難(nan)(nan)、專業(ye)(ye)瓶頸和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)就業(ye)(ye)質(zhi)(zhi)量偏(pian)低，從而(er)使(shi)許(xu)多(duo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)很(hen)難(nan)(nan)在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中找(zhao)到未來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)值(zhi)得(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)利資源，他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)涯(ya)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)面臨著較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。三是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)待遇(yu)總體(ti)偏(pian)低。在高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟待遇(yu)近幾年(nian)也隨之提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)與(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)總水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增長(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷提高(gao)(gao)(gao)相比，大(da)(da)(da)部分高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收入(ru)水(shui)平(ping)仍難(nan)(nan)滿足時(shi)(shi)代轉型(xing)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)所帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活需求(qiu)(qiu)，由(you)(you)此(ci)給(gei)(gei)他(ta)們(men)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)挫(cuo)折感。四是(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)整體(ti)素質(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)既要(yao)承(cheng)擔(dan)繁重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)任務(wu)，還得(de)面對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)素質(zhi)(zhi)日趨下降的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現實。部分高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習動(dong)機不(bu)(bu)明確，對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習缺乏興趣和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)投入(ru)，自我管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)相對(dui)欠(qian)缺，甚(shen)至對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)行為(wei)表現出(chu)不(bu)(bu)屑，常給(gei)(gei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)巨大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。同時(shi)(shi)，隨著網絡和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)信(xin)息科技迅猛發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，使(shi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)獲取知識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)途徑大(da)(da)(da)為(wei)拓寬，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)已(yi)不(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)是(shi)知識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨有(you)(you)者，他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權威性(xing)正受(shou)到前所未有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰，由(you)(you)此(ci)給(gei)(gei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)一定程(cheng)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊迫(po)感。五(wu)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)負(fu)荷較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)。近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規模大(da)(da)(da)幅增加，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量也因此(ci)成倍(bei)增加，他(ta)們(men)要(yao)承(cheng)擔(dan)遠(yuan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于擴(kuo)招(zhao)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)強(qiang)度(du)(du)。再(zai)(zai)加上(shang)當今的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)獨立意(yi)識(shi)增強(qiang)、知識(shi)面寬、思維靈(ling)活等(deng)變化，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)原有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)觀念和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)法(fa)受(shou)到了嚴峻(jun)挑戰，存在較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)緊迫(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自我發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)，一定程(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)都給(gei)(gei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)心理(li)(li)(li)(li)帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。六是(shi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)期望帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。人們(men)越來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)越意(yi)識(shi)到教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)對(dui)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)進步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，由(you)(you)此(ci)決定教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟待遇(yu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)位(wei)，但(dan)現實情況卻(que)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)沒有(you)(you)得(de)到社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關注和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)尊(zun)重(zhong)，他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)地(di)(di)位(wei)與(yu)(yu)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)本身并(bing)不(bu)(bu)相稱，現實需求(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)法(fa)得(de)到及時(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回應(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)滿足，由(you)(you)此(ci)造成高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)心理(li)(li)(li)(li)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡感，出(chu)現一定程(cheng)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。此(ci)外，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)還承(cheng)擔(dan)著多(duo)重(zhong)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)角色，極(ji)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)角色沖(chong)突，引發(fa)(fa)(fa)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。

二、高職(zhi)教師(shi)職(zhi)業(ye)壓(ya)力過大(da)的(de)危害

高職教師(shi)較高的職業(ye)壓(ya)力除了對其個(ge)人身心健康(kang)造成一定程度的危害之(zhi)外(wai)，還(huan)會對學校管理和(he)專(zhuan)業(ye)發(fa)展帶來不利影響(xiang)，進而消(xiao)減學校教育教學質量的提高。

(一)損(sun)害教師的身心健康

一、高職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)師職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)能力的(de)內涵

（一）教育學(xue)能力是高(gao)職(zhi)教師職(zhi)教能力首要的基本能力

高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接承擔者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)主觀(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人，受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主觀(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動性(xing)(xing)決(jue)(jue)定了(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)授(shou)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)過程(cheng)，更(geng)(geng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)接受知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)加工(gong)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)從而(er)將(jiang)其(qi)內(nei)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)備相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)有(you)(you)(you)利于知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)授(shou)，更(geng)(geng)有(you)(you)(you)利于受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)將(jiang)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)內(nei)化(hua)，從而(er)獲(huo)得更(geng)(geng)快更(geng)(geng)好(hao)地發(fa)展。1.教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)(ti)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)作(zuo)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一部(bu)分，無(wu)論(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)對(dui)(dui)象學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容即具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)均具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特色。就(jiu)其(qi)作(zuo)用對(dui)(dui)象學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)言，作(zuo)為具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)主觀(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)動性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人，其(qi)接受知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)與(yu)(yu)其(qi)年(nian)齡(ling)段(duan)有(you)(you)(you)關還與(yu)(yu)其(qi)成長環境、經歷等(deng)有(you)(you)(you)關，根(gen)據學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)年(nian)齡(ling)段(duan)、成長經歷等(deng)采用適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)授(shou)適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容，即“因(yin)材施材”是(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)。也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)跟其(qi)他教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一樣是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)規(gui)律(lv)可循的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這種規(gui)律(lv)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我們所學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)。在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安排上(shang)，根(gen)據最(zui)近發(fa)展區(qu)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)，也(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)情況(kuang)，由(you)淺(qian)入深、由(you)易到難，科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)設(she)計、靈活(huo)安排。簡而(er)言之，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)(you)法(fa)(fa)，但無(wu)定法(fa)(fa)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)觀(guan)規(gui)律(lv)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只有(you)(you)(you)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)掌(zhang)握(wo)并(bing)遵循高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)觀(guan)規(gui)律(lv)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。2.教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真正價(jia)值在于應(ying)(ying)用。如(ru)果說(shuo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)條件(jian)、環境，那么(me)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)則(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)加工(gong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、手段(duan)。從生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產管理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度看(kan)，條件(jian)、環境是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)(ti)，工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、手段(duan)則(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)順利而(er)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)開展創造(zao)了(le)有(you)(you)(you)利條件(jian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)(ti)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熟練(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)表明，同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)式、方(fang)法(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效(xiao)果和(he)(he)(he)(he)效(xiao)率也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)盡相同(tong)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)式、方(fang)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計與(yu)(yu)選擇(ze)問(wen)題也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)問(wen)題；因(yin)此(ci)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)其(qi)關鍵(jian)在于提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧(qiao)。3.教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研究和(he)(he)(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)改革是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保障。傳(chuan)授(shou)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)之一，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責之一。然(ran)而(er)，當(dang)今社會(hui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)信息社會(hui)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)爆(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)，終身(shen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習已成為人們適應(ying)(ying)社會(hui)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然(ran)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)傳(chuan)授(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)“授(shou)人以(yi)(yi)魚”，更(geng)(geng)要(yao)“授(shou)人以(yi)(yi)漁”；否則(ze)(ze)，根(gen)本(ben)無(wu)法(fa)(fa)在這有(you)(you)(you)限的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地完成其(qi)傳(chuan)授(shou)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責。也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)，面對(dui)(dui)浩(hao)瀚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)選擇(ze)性(xing)(xing)地進(jin)行(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)授(shou)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際，以(yi)(yi)及學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)畢業后就(jiu)業及進(jin)一步發(fa)展所需，有(you)(you)(you)針對(dui)(dui)性(xing)(xing)地選擇(ze)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)授(shou)。選擇(ze)什么(me)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)來傳(chuan)授(shou)及怎么(me)選，這不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)決(jue)(jue)定了(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果，更(geng)(geng)在很大程(cheng)度上(shang)決(jue)(jue)定了(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)培養質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)；因(yin)此(ci)，為了(le)保證和(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才(cai)培養質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)結合學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際及其(qi)畢業后就(jiu)業崗位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際，不(bu)(bu)斷地進(jin)行(xing)(xing)研究和(he)(he)(he)(he)改革。

（二）專(zhuan)業理論(lun)知識、原(yuan)理是高職(zhi)教(jiao)師職(zhi)教(jiao)能力的(de)根基

教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)、科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)和(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校的(de)三(san)大(da)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)、科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)和(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)直接承擔(dan)者，其(qi)(qi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在很大(da)程(cheng)度上直接決定了(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)、科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)和(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)的(de)實現程(cheng)度。1.專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)根本。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)作為(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)等教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)一(yi)部分(fen)，是(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)，是(shi)以(yi)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)基礎(chu)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作為(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)，當(dang)然應(ying)(ying)(ying)具備相應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，否則(ze)，“隔(ge)行如(ru)隔(ge)山”，離(li)(li)開(kai)了(le)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)性將無從談起(qi)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)也就失(shi)去了(le)其(qi)(qi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)之義。2.專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)的(de)前(qian)提(ti)和(he)基礎(chu)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)跟其(qi)(qi)他類型的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)等教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)一(yi)樣(yang)，不(bu)(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)傳播專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，更(geng)要(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)斷創新專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)解(jie)決經濟(ji)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發展中遇到(dao)的(de)各種(zhong)難題(ti)并不(bu)(bu)斷地創新知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，從而更(geng)好地為(wei)(wei)經濟(ji)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發展服(fu)(fu)務(wu)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)果(guo)沒有(you)較(jiao)深厚(hou)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，創新專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)則(ze)更(geng)是(shi)無從談起(qi)，科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)自(zi)然也就無能(neng)為(wei)(wei)力。3.專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)保障。高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)履行高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責的(de)形(xing)式包括通過培養學(xue)(xue)生服(fu)(fu)務(wu)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)、利用自(zi)己的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)經濟(ji)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發展解(jie)決其(qi)(qi)現實問題(ti)、將科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)成果(guo)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用到(dao)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)生產管理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)之中等方(fang)式。對高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)供(gong)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)各種(zhong)形(xing)式進行深入(ru)分(fen)析不(bu)(bu)難發現，任(ren)何一(yi)種(zhong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)形(xing)式最終都離(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)開(kai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，否則(ze)，其(qi)(qi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)將是(shi)一(yi)句(ju)空話。

（三）行業、企業的生產、管(guan)理和服務一線崗(gang)位工作技(ji)術

一、厘定高職教師的公共(gong)情懷涵(han)義

何(he)(he)謂“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)”？目前(qian)(qian)學(xue)(xue)術界(jie)內(nei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)此(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專門研(yan)究不多，現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究主要(yao)(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)參(can)(can)與、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)心(xin)以(yi)及(ji)由(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)所(suo)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)神(shen)。如有(you)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)這(zhe)(zhe)樣界(jie)定(ding)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)實(shi)(shi)質，是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縈懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)民(min)族大(da)事(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)心(xin)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參(can)(can)與，是(shi)(shi)現代公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)精(jing)神(shen)風貌(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本素質。我(wo)們生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)現代化大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代，而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)個時(shi)(shi)代創造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式，反(fan)應在(zai)(zai)(zai)思(si)想文(wen)(wen)化上(shang)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)鮮明和(he)(he)(he)(he)強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)集體(ti)、民(min)族、國家,即對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)心(xin)”[1]。無(wu)論(lun)學(xue)(xue)界(jie)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)定(ding)有(you)何(he)(he)區別(bie)，有(you)一(yi)點是(shi)(shi)確定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)首先關(guan)(guan)(guan)乎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領(ling)域。哈貝馬斯指出(chu)：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領(ling)域是(shi)(shi)介于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權力(li)領(ling)域與私人(ren)(ren)領(ling)域之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)塊相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間地帶，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)眾借以(yi)自由(you)(you)地發(fa)(fa)表公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)意見，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權力(li)予以(yi)批判(pan)。”[2]可(ke)見，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容是(shi)(shi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其感情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)是(shi)(shi)深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。本文(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)行(xing)文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，力(li)主公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)個人(ren)(ren)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)上(shang)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)解(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)“情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)”兩個層(ceng)面(mian)，一(yi)方面(mian)，“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”在(zai)(zai)(zai)數量上(shang)表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)他者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)，其中(zhong)他者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個集體(ti)概念而(er)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，并(bing)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)構(gou)成社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)機(ji)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎，即公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)本前(qian)(qian)提，表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)、思(si)考和(he)(he)(he)(he)批判(pan)，另一(yi)方面(mian)，“情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)”在(zai)(zai)(zai)通常意義(yi)上(shang)解(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“含(han)有(you)某種感情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)境(jing)”，即表征為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)種相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)理(li)狀態。因此(ci)(ci)，“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)”在(zai)(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)活(huo)動中(zhong)形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”意識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)把(ba)握，以(yi)及(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參(can)(can)與情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)結；在(zai)(zai)(zai)內(nei)容上(shang)表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)他者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)等(deng)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)宏(hong)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)，同時(shi)(shi)表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)關(guan)(guan)(guan)乎(hu)(hu)長(chang)遠發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方面(mian)。由(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)，“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)”表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)他者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)中(zhong)表現出(chu)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)意識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)結。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)待學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)待社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)中(zhong)表現出(chu)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)意識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)主體(ti)上(shang)，關(guan)(guan)(guan)乎(hu)(hu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群體(ti)、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專業(ye)(ye)與社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)度以(yi)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)思(si)所(suo)慮。由(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)可(ke)以(yi)看出(chu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)主要(yao)(yao)包含(han)三個層(ceng)面(mian)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)；二是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設與市(shi)場相(xiang)聯(lian)(lian)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)；三是(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校與社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)契(qi)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)“高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)等(deng)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育具有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙重(zhong)屬性”，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)決定(ding)了高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)身(shen)份的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙重(zhong)性，其首先是(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)有(you)聯(lian)(lian)系(xi)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將(jiang)來(lai)(lai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)大(da)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)，同時(shi)(shi)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“培養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、服務、管理(li)第一(yi)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)端技能型專門人(ren)(ren)才”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)線(xian)工作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)校發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)堅(jian)力(li)量，要(yao)(yao)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)乎(hu)(hu)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)、職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)、市(shi)場與社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)，熱心(xin)關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)市(shi)場、社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，并(bing)將(jiang)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育視為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)推動市(shi)場經(jing)濟、社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)推手(shou)來(lai)(lai)重(zhong)視和(he)(he)(he)(he)推進。最后(hou)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)群體(ti)，要(yao)(yao)有(you)心(xin)系(xi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)，并(bing)著力(li)將(jiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)轉化公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)，真正實(shi)(shi)現“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉化和(he)(he)(he)(he)蛻(tui)變。

二、透析高職教師的公共情懷現狀(zhuang)

高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)陌生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念，伴(ban)隨著教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起始，并(bing)隨著社(she)(she)會(hui)現(xian)代性公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)場域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拓(tuo)寬、公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豐富(fu)多(duo)彩而(er)被逐漸推近到人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)(shi)線(xian)范圍之(zhi)(zhi)內。現(xian)實中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)以及在(zai)(zai)(zai)多(duo)大(da)(da)程度(du)上存在(zai)(zai)(zai)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我們(men)面(mian)(mian)臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)個(ge)問題(ti)。縱觀(guan)現(xian)階段高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)現(xian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩(liang)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)蟄(zhe)伏狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。正(zheng)如知名學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者晏輝(hui)指出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)樣(yang)，現(xian)代社(she)(she)會(hui)“使(shi)植根于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)靈深處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)善(shan)良(liang)、正(zheng)義、友愛等優(you)(you)良(liang)品質(zhi)(zhi)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)拔根狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)么使(shi)原本清晰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐法則(ze)變得模糊不(bu)(bu)(bu)清，總(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精神公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)性處在(zai)(zai)(zai)自我解(jie)構之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。”[3]而(er)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蟄(zhe)伏主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)：其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)意(yi)識(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，其(qi)(qi)(qi)必須(xu)通過有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式表現(xian)出(chu)來(lai)(lai)，針對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)面(mian)(mian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)首要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，即(ji)(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有飽含公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素和(he)(he)(he)環節(jie)。事(shi)實上，現(xian)今高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)普遍處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)欠缺(que)(que)(que)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)精神的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，同時，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)式留戀于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)說教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態，而(er)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)鮮活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園文化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)實踐，甚至(zhi)未將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)入到社(she)(she)會(hui)大(da)(da)課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)行(xing)動處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)停(ting)滯不(bu)(bu)(bu)前狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。現(xian)階段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)眾傳(chuan)媒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林林總(zong)總(zong)環境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，基(ji)本具備貼近學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、符合市場以及社(she)(she)會(hui)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)態度(du)和(he)(he)(he)意(yi)識(shi)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)業、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)了(le)(le)(le)解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能很好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)意(yi)識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)態度(du)運用到有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，因此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)消極(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，由此(ci)使(shi)得高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)行(xing)動處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)停(ting)滯不(bu)(bu)(bu)前狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)出(chu)現(xian)異(yi)化現(xian)象。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)事(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)”群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)”領域，因此(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)表現(xian)必然(ran)通過這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些來(lai)(lai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示。目前，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)應(ying)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)性上，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)實際過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)“個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)性”上，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)恰恰是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)異(yi)化。首先(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)重(zhong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)別性，而(er)消弭了(le)(le)(le)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)個(ge)別成(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)優(you)(you)異(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)忽(hu)略(lve)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。誠然(ran)，關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)優(you)(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)沒(mei)有什么不(bu)(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)，問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力(li)(li)軍(jun)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)整個(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)別優(you)(you)秀學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)倚(yi)重(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)該生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化課(ke)(ke)表現(xian)，甚至(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文藝才能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)掘(jue)，而(er)忽(hu)視(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)理(li)健康(kang)、職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業道(dao)(dao)德等公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)性教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)；同時，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)成(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)優(you)(you)異(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)只(zhi)(zhi)局(ju)限于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)期間(jian)表現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視(shi)(shi)，而(er)忽(hu)視(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)未來(lai)(lai)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)導(dao)(dao)與規劃，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)未來(lai)(lai)走上職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業崗位(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跟(gen)蹤管理(li)及引(yin)導(dao)(dao)更顯(xian)(xian)(xian)得空缺(que)(que)(que)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)三，現(xian)實中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)區別于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)普通大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)性群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究和(he)(he)(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)。群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)性研究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)缺(que)(que)(que)失(shi)必然(ran)帶來(lai)(lai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)了(le)(le)(le)解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)片面(mian)(mian)性和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)完(wan)整性。其(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)過多(duo)注(zhu)重(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，客(ke)觀(guan)上褻瀆了(le)(le)(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)。一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，青年(nian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)借“高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)角色(se)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)謀求(qiu)物質(zhi)(zhi)利益、諸如其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)兼(jian)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚至(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)會(hui)地位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)籌碼，由此(ci)造成(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)本身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)謀劃模糊；同時，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)老(lao)年(nian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)本上在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)動力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業倦怠現(xian)象凸顯(xian)(xian)(xian)。另一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業交流顯(xian)(xian)(xian)得微不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)道(dao)(dao)。顯(xian)(xian)(xian)而(er)易見，現(xian)時代，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術交流基(ji)本上處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)空白的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種忽(hu)視(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)交流、融通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交往方(fang)式，往往對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)起到負(fu)作(zuo)(zuo)用。最(zui)(zui)后表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消極(ji)和(he)(he)(he)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)本身(shen)(shen)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消極(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)，即(ji)(ji)較少將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)納入自身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規劃與日(ri)常思(si)考中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)局(ju)限于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)議的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)灌輸，而(er)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動性關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)；其(qi)(qi)(qi)二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)(que)乏(fa)(fa)(fa)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)賴(lai)以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單位(wei)，有著適(shi)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、本地區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業定位(wei)和(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目標(biao)，而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些定位(wei)和(he)(he)(he)目標(biao)有待于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)積(ji)極(ji)投(tou)入。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)期對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宏觀(guan)規劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)缺(que)(que)(que)失(shi)，造成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)領導(dao)(dao)層(ceng)單方(fang)面(mian)(mian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動思(si)考的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。

三、反思：高職教師的(de)公共情(qing)懷現狀

高職(zhi)教(jiao)師的公共情懷(huai)已經成為一個重要的社(she)會(hui)議題被(bei)多(duo)方(fang)面關注，緣于(yu)其發展好壞直(zhi)接關系著高職(zhi)教(jiao)育及高職(zhi)院校本(ben)身(shen)的發展。從宏觀上看，高職(zhi)教(jiao)師的公共情懷(huai)之所以會(hui)出現不(bu)同程(cheng)度的蟄伏(fu)與異化，與現今我們所處的環(huan)境密不(bu)可(ke)分。

1基于麥可(ke)思調研數(shu)據分析學(xue)生職業能力和教師專業能力的不足

1.1學(xue)生職業能力培養存在的問題

麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)將學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)分(fen)基(ji)本工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)創(chuang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)兩個能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)模塊，其中(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)本工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)理解(jie)與(yu)(yu)交(jiao)流能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)思(si)維(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、管(guan)理能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、應用分(fen)析能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)動手(shou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)五類(lei)，創(chuang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)包(bao)括科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)析、批判(pan)性思(si)維(wei)、積極學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習、新產品構思(si)四(si)(si)種(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)統計數據表明(ming)(ming)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)培養上(shang)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)不(bu)足，從側面上(shang)也(ye)反(fan)映(ying)了該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)教(jiao)師綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)些不(bu)足。1.1.1教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)改(gai)進(jin)的(de)(de)地方與(yu)(yu)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)加強的(de)(de)環節(jie)麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)對教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)改(gai)進(jin)和(he)加強的(de)(de)環節(jie)進(jin)行(xing)了統計匯總，44%的(de)(de)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)是該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習和(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)環節(jie)不(bu)夠(gou)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視，其中(zhong)(zhong)73%的(de)(de)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習和(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)環節(jie)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)加強專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)相關實(shi)(shi)(shi)訓(xun)。這也(ye)是麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)最(zui)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)改(gai)進(jin)的(de)(de)地方，從側面上(shang)反(fan)映(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)教(jiao)師的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)動手(shou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)較大的(de)(de)缺陷(xian)。1.1.2核心課(ke)程(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性分(fen)析麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)對近四(si)(si)屆工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和(he)正在(zai)(zai)(zai)讀本科(ke)的(de)(de)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就核心課(ke)程(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性作(zuo)了分(fen)析，有(you)(you)(you)23%認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)課(ke)程(cheng)對現在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)或學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習不(bu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)，21%學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)些重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)31%的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)是重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)，非常重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)極其重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)13%和(he)11%，說明(ming)(ming)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)對畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)培養存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)缺陷(xian)。1.1.3畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)核心知識(shi)分(fen)析麥(mai)(mai)可(ke)(ke)思(si)對職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)核心知識(shi)統計表明(ming)(ming)，該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)核心知識(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)低于(yu)全(quan)省平均(jun)14個百分(fen)點；其中(zhong)(zhong)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)度較高的(de)(de)知識(shi)是心理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)也(ye)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)57%（全(quan)省84%）、銷(xiao)售(shou)與(yu)(yu)營銷(xiao)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)54%（全(quan)省78%），說明(ming)(ming)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)類(lei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)核心知識(shi)不(bu)夠(gou)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視，而事實(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并沒有(you)(you)(you)開(kai)設(she)相聯系關課(ke)程(cheng)。1.1.4學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)創(chuang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)分(fen)析對創(chuang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)四(si)(si)個指(zhi)標，該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)四(si)(si)年(nian)平均(jun)得分(fen)分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)析65分(fen)（全(quan)省76分(fen)）、批判(pan)性思(si)維(wei)58分(fen)（全(quan)省65分(fen)）、積極學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習64分(fen)（全(quan)省79分(fen)）、新產品構思(si)71分(fen)（全(quan)省75分(fen)）。說明(ming)(ming)該(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)創(chuang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)也(ye)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)足。

1.2高職教師(shi)專業能(neng)力的不足

高職(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)業能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，指(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)高職(zhi)(zhi)院校的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在專(zhuan)業及其課程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)領及水(shui)平，即專(zhuan)業認知(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)礎上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析研(yan)究(jiu)、設(she)計規劃，目(mu)標確定及與(yu)此(ci)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)課程(cheng)(cheng)開發、技術服務等方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技能(neng)[3]。該院教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)業能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)為：1.2.1高職(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)從(cong)事職(zhi)(zhi)業工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)歷(li)和(he)經(jing)驗(yan)現(xian)實(shi)中該院教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)是(shi)從(cong)學(xue)(xue)校到學(xue)(xue)校，缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)生產(chan)、管理、經(jing)營第(di)一線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)歷(li)和(he)經(jing)驗(yan)，工作后很少(shao)有(you)進(jin)行(xing)產(chan)學(xue)(xue)研(yan)結合研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)專(zhuan)業實(shi)踐能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)培訓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機會，與(yu)生產(chan)企業和(he)市場聯系也不(bu)(bu)(bu)密切，影響了教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業成長[4]。1.2.2基(ji)于(yu)工作過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)業教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)近幾(ji)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麥可思(si)調研(yan)數(shu)據表(biao)(biao)(biao)明(ming)，56%以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)年教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)根據學(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)(ti)學(xue)(xue)情(qing)進(jin)行(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)設(she)計，而忽視(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛能(neng)開發和(he)知(zhi)(zhi)識儲備(bei)。65%左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)年教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只重(zhong)視(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)讀(du)和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計，而忽視(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)設(she)計。接近90%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)關注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)任務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完成，而不(bu)(bu)(bu)重(zhong)視(shi)(shi)(shi)破出重(zhong)點、化(hua)解難(nan)點；68%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)重(zhong)視(shi)(shi)(shi)課后反(fan)思(si)。1.2.3課堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)基(ji)本(ben)功嚴(yan)重(zhong)欠缺(que)現(xian)階段受新(xin)媒體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，大部分(fen)年輕教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)語言表(biao)(biao)(biao)達能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)，照(zhao)本(ben)宣科(ke)(ke)缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)感染力(li)(li)(li)(li)，多(duo)語病；書寫能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)如何使用主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)板(ban)(ban)書和(he)輔助板(ban)(ban)書；教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)態呆板(ban)(ban)，甚至手足(zu)(zu)無措(cuo)，缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)形體(ti)(ti)語言的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助效果(guo)等[5]。1.2.4創(chuang)新(xin)與(yu)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)創(chuang)新(xin)與(yu)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)在創(chuang)新(xin)意識不(bu)(bu)(bu)強，缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)經(jing)驗(yan)，團隊(dui)攻關意識和(he)集體(ti)(ti)研(yan)討氛圍不(bu)(bu)(bu)濃。1.2.5教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)組(zu)織管理能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)組(zu)織管理能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)在課堂把控(kong)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)差(cha)，對高職(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)生管理存在誤區等。

2“四個一”工程的方案實施(shi)

1TPACK概述

隨著信息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)及其(qi)在教(jiao)(jiao)育領域的(de)(de)應(ying)用，教(jiao)(jiao)師在教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中借(jie)助技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)進行(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)比例越來越大，技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(TechnologyKnowledge)在教(jiao)(jiao)師教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實踐(jian)中起著重要(yao)作(zuo)用。針對數字時(shi)代對教(jiao)(jiao)師提出的(de)(de)挑戰(zhan)，為(wei)了更好地引領教(jiao)(jiao)師運用技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)進行(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，2005年(nian)美國密歇根州立大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)Mishra和(he)Koehler提出TPACK，作(zuo)為(wei)將技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)效整(zheng)合(he)(he)到(dao)課堂中教(jiao)(jiao)師應(ying)具備的(de)(de)一(yi)種知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)框架，如圖1所示。教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)問(wen)題是劣構問(wen)題，教(jiao)(jiao)師知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)也不是獨立單一(yi)的(de)(de)，在一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)情(qing)境中，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)內容知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)法知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)三者相互作(zuo)用而(er)形成的(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)即整(zheng)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)法知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)TPACK(TechnologicalPedagogicalContentKnowledge)。

2高職教師特點

高(gao)(gao)職院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)(yao)培養面(mian)向生產、建設、管理(li)、服務第一(yi)線需要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)級技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)型人(ren)才。高(gao)(gao)職院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)師(shi)既不(bu)同于(yu)普通高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)師(shi)，也不(bu)同于(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)職員工，是一(yi)種有具有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育、學(xue)術(shu)背景并接受(shou)過專(zhuan)(zhuan)門職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)訓練的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)師(shi)。對(dui)高(gao)(gao)職院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特征比較公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點(dian)是“雙師(shi)型”，最根本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)是既要(yao)(yao)有專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)理(li)論(lun)水平，又要(yao)(yao)有較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐能力(li)，緊(jin)密結合生產實(shi)踐進行教(jiao)學(xue)活動。由于(yu)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設置和學(xue)科內容(rong)必然受(shou)社(she)會需求(qiu)和市場經濟變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，因此教(jiao)師(shi)要(yao)(yao)在各(ge)個方面(mian)都不(bu)斷地充實(shi)自(zi)己。隨著信(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普及(ji)，現代教(jiao)育技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展成為(wei)了教(jiao)學(xue)改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制高(gao)(gao)點(dian)，作為(wei)高(gao)(gao)職教(jiao)師(shi)應該將教(jiao)育技(ji)術(shu)整合到自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)中(zhong)，促進自(zi)身專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展。

3高職教師(shi)TPACK構成

信(xin)息(xi)社會中(zhong)(zhong)，高(gao)職(zhi)課堂教學中(zhong)(zhong)如(ru)何有效整合信(xin)息(xi)技術在一定程(cheng)度上取決于教師TPACK的構成。本研究(jiu)以(yi)Mishra和Koehler提出(chu)的TPACK框架為(wei)基礎，結合高(gao)職(zhi)教師的特點，對TPACK框架中(zhong)(zhong)的每個元(yuan)素(su)描述如(ru)下表。

一、高職教師職業語言方(fang)面存在的問題

當前，高(gao)職(zhi)教(jiao)師在(zai)職(zhi)業語(yu)(yu)言(yan)的使(shi)(shi)用方面還存在(zai)不少問(wen)題(ti)，職(zhi)業語(yu)(yu)言(yan)素養還需要進一(yi)步地提高(gao)。在(zai)教(jiao)學和管(guan)理(li)(li)中，有(you)(you)的教(jiao)師語(yu)(yu)言(yan)使(shi)(shi)用生(sheng)(sheng)硬蠻橫，缺乏人文情(qing)感，難以激發學生(sheng)(sheng)的好感，進而導致(zhi)學生(sheng)(sheng)與教(jiao)師產生(sheng)(sheng)對立情(qing)緒(xu)，使(shi)(shi)得教(jiao)學和管(guan)理(li)(li)的實(shi)效(xiao)不盡(jin)如人意(yi)。實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)，教(jiao)師與學生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)間情(qing)緒(xu)的對立、誤解的產生(sheng)(sheng)，很(hen)多時(shi)候(hou)都源于沒有(you)(you)搭建有(you)(you)效(xiao)的溝(gou)通橋梁，也忽視了溝(gou)通憑(ping)借的語(yu)(yu)言(yan)的重要作(zuo)用。總體(ti)來(lai)說，當前高(gao)職(zhi)教(jiao)師職(zhi)業語(yu)(yu)言(yan)方面存在(zai)的問(wen)題(ti)主要包括以下幾方面。

(一)對普通話重視程度不(bu)夠很(hen)多高(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)院校(xiao)都(dou)明文規定了在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)時應該使用(yong)普通話。高(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)院校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)來(lai)自(zi)全(quan)國各地、大江(jiang)南北(bei)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)時，若(ruo)只(zhi)是(shi)為(wei)(wei)了自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)便和(he)順口(kou)，就不(bu)分(fen)時間和(he)場合隨意使用(yong)自(zi)己所(suo)熟悉(xi)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)話，那(nei)(nei)么對于方(fang)言(yan)(yan)區外的(de)(de)(de)那(nei)(nei)部分(fen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)來(lai)說是(shi)極為(wei)(wei)不(bu)公平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)。一方(fang)面(mian)，他們很(hen)可(ke)能會(hui)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)聽(ting)(ting)不(bu)懂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)，而失去(qu)對某(mou)門課程的(de)(de)(de)興趣，另一方(fang)面(mian)，有的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)也會(hui)認為(wei)(wei)這是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)對他們的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)重視，從而在心(xin)理上產生(sheng)(sheng)抵觸(chu)情(qing)緒，加大了教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)管理的(de)(de)(de)難度。所(suo)以，高(gao)職(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)一定要顧及全(quan)體學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)需求和(he)感(gan)受，使用(yong)好普通話，有意識地糾正自(zi)己不(bu)準確的(de)(de)(de)發音，使學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)能聽(ting)(ting)得懂自(zi)己所(suo)傳達的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。

(二)語言上對(dui)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)尊(zun)(zun)重(zhong)不夠(gou)在(zai)傳統的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育理(li)念(nian)中(zhong)，教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)擁有絕(jue)對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)權威，學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)只能服從，這(zhe)也就造成了師(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)地位上的(de)(de)(de)不平等。很(hen)多(duo)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)中(zhong)一副高(gao)高(gao)在(zai)上的(de)(de)(de)樣子(zi)，對(dui)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)頤指氣使(shi)，反映在(zai)語言中(zhong)則是很(hen)少使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)禮貌用(yong)(yong)(yong)語，并(bing)且命(ming)令性(xing)指示(shi)語的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較多(duo)。這(zhe)常常讓學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)感到自己不被教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)所(suo)尊(zun)(zun)重(zhong)，使(shi)得學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)之間的(de)(de)(de)心理(li)距離越拉越大，給教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)和(he)(he)管理(li)都帶(dai)來了很(hen)多(duo)負面的(de)(de)(de)影響。

(三)對(dui)(dui)體態(tai)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漠(mo)(mo)視體態(tai)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)是人(ren)際交往中信(xin)息(xi)傳遞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)副載體，它在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)(yong)中不需要(yao)憑借有(you)(you)(you)聲語(yu)言(yan)(yan)，但卻(que)對(dui)(dui)有(you)(you)(you)聲語(yu)言(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解起著強化作用(yong)(yong)。體態(tai)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)主要(yao)包括動作和表(biao)情兩個方面。就動作而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)育學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)，散(san)(san)漫地靠坐在(zai)(zai)椅子(zi)上(shang)，使學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)覺(jue)(jue)得(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)一種(zhong)居高(gao)臨(lin)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓迫感，心理(li)上(shang)會產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)緊(jin)張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情緒;有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師在(zai)(zai)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)交談時(shi)東張西望、左(zuo)顧(gu)右盼，使得(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誠意(yi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)疑問(wen)，導致(zhi)其失去對(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)任和溝通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興趣。就面部表(biao)情而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師在(zai)(zai)與(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)談心時(shi)，經常會皺眉和撇嘴，這會給學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶來負(fu)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心理(li)暗示(shi)，覺(jue)(jue)得(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師對(dui)(dui)他(ta)們是不認可的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，從而(er)(er)(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)逆反(fan)心理(li)，對(dui)(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)談心也(ye)不再積極配合;有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師和學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)溝通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)，沒有(you)(you)(you)以殷(yin)切(qie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目光(guang)注視學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，而(er)(er)(er)顯得(de)(de)目光(guang)散(san)(san)漫，這也(ye)會讓學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)覺(jue)(jue)得(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師心不在(zai)(zai)焉。因此，應改(gai)變教(jiao)(jiao)師對(dui)(dui)體態(tai)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漠(mo)(mo)視態(tai)度(du)，讓他(ta)們意(yi)識到體態(tai)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)是有(you)(you)(you)聲語(yu)言(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)效延伸，運用(yong)(yong)得(de)(de)當可以顯著提(ti)高(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)育效果(guo)。

(四(si))正面(mian)(mian)(mian)語(yu)(yu)言使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)不(bu)夠高職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學習(xi)基(ji)礎(chu)往往較差，平時(shi)聽(ting)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)和(he)(he)家長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抱怨(yuan)與批(pi)評，在(zai)(zai)進(jin)入(ru)高職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學習(xi)時(shi)已經積累了很多(duo)(duo)負面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)緒。然(ran)而(er)，一部分(fen)高職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)卻沒(mei)有(you)意識(shi)到這一點，在(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學時(shi)還(huan)是常常使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)負面(mian)(mian)(mian)語(yu)(yu)言，經常粗暴地用(yong)“不(bu)能(neng)”“不(bu)行”“不(bu)可(ke)以”等話語(yu)(yu)來回答學生;不(bu)能(neng)發(fa)現學生身(shen)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閃光點，仍然(ran)以批(pi)評教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育為(wei)主，忽視正面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)肯(ken)定與鼓勵(li)。這些都(dou)容易激起學生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負面(mian)(mian)(mian)情(qing)緒，使(shi)(shi)(shi)他們對今后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學習(xi)感到痛苦和(he)(he)絕望(wang)，對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學和(he)(he)管理也(ye)持(chi)抵觸態度。所以，高職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)要(yao)正視自(zi)身(shen)在(zai)(zai)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)語(yu)(yu)言方面(mian)(mian)(mian)存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，并采取多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)有(you)針(zhen)對性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施加(jia)以解決和(he)(he)消除，努力提升(sheng)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)語(yu)(yu)言素養(yang)。畢竟我(wo)們所培(pei)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學生是活生生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人，而(er)不(bu)是工業(ye)流水線(xian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)，他們有(you)血有(you)肉，有(you)思想有(you)感情(qing)，他們對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)感往往是建(jian)立在(zai)(zai)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)言溝通基(ji)礎(chu)之上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。

1高職教師(shi)專業(ye)技術與服(fu)務能力的概念

高(gao)(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專業能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)包(bao)括(kuo)職業意識、實踐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)、綜(zong)合(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)以(yi)及科(ke)研(yan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)等等。只有遵守職業道(dao)德(de)規范(fan)，才能(neng)(neng)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)師(shi)表，才能(neng)(neng)為(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)生做出榜(bang)樣。在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，不能(neng)(neng)一味的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)理論(lun)(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育，更需要(yao)增加實踐教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)環節(jie)，這樣才能(neng)(neng)提高(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)生學(xue)(xue)習的(de)(de)(de)(de)興(xing)趣，增強動手能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。綜(zong)合(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)包(bao)括(kuo)多項內(nei)容，其考驗了教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，不但要(yao)應用(yong)現代化的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)方法，提高(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，還要(yao)引導學(xue)(xue)生善于思考，在遇到(dao)問題時，從(cong)容、冷靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)面對，這樣才能(neng)(neng)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)決問題。高(gao)(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)必要(yao)撰寫教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)研(yan)論(lun)(lun)文以(yi)及學(xue)(xue)術性(xing)論(lun)(lun)文，并(bing)積極參與(yu)社會(hui)服務工作，以(yi)提高(gao)(gao)自身(shen)服務能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。

2高職(zhi)教師提升專(zhuan)業技術能力中存在的(de)問題

2.1綜合素質不高

隨著社會的(de)不(bu)(bu)斷發展，人們對(dui)高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)越(yue)來越(yue)關注，對(dui)高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)質量也越(yue)來越(yue)重視，這也促進(jin)了(le)高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)發展，但是由于部分高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師收入比較(jiao)低，而且社會地位也不(bu)(bu)高(gao)，這也使得(de)高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)整體(ti)素質并不(bu)(bu)高(gao)。有(you)的(de)高(gao)職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)理念定位不(bu)(bu)明確，對(dui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)工作缺(que)乏熱情，對(dui)學(xue)(xue)生也缺(que)乏耐心，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)墨守(shou)成規，方(fang)法落后(hou)，嚴(yan)重影響了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)質量。

2.2專(zhuan)業(ye)實踐能力不(bu)足

一對象與方法

1．對象

本研究(jiu)(jiu)采(cai)取整群(qun)抽(chou)(chou)樣的方(fang)法，抽(chou)(chou)取某醫學類高職院(yuan)校教師350人(ren)作為(wei)研究(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)象，并(bing)發放問(wen)卷(juan)(juan)，回收有效(xiao)問(wen)卷(juan)(juan)306份，有效(xiao)問(wen)卷(juan)(juan)率為(wei)87.43%。

2．方法

第(di)一，中國版工作倦怠(dai)(dai)問(wen)(wen)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)（CMBI）。該問(wen)(wen)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)在參考Maslach研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)編制的工作倦怠(dai)(dai)問(wen)(wen)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)（MBI）基礎上進行了本土化改良(liang)，包括情緒(xu)耗竭、失人性化和成就(jiu)感(gan)降低三個(ge)維度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，每個(ge)維度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為5個(ge)條(tiao)目(mu)(mu)。采用Likert－7計(ji)分，“1”為“完全(quan)不符合(he)”，“7”為“完全(quan)符合(he)”，代表符合(he)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)由低到高(gao)。其(qi)中，成就(jiu)感(gan)降低維度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)全(quan)部反向(xiang)計(ji)分。相(xiang)(xiang)關研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)表明該問(wen)(wen)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)具有(you)較好的信度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和效度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。第(di)二，心(xin)理資本問(wen)(wen)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)（PCQ－24）。由Luthans編制，李(li)超平翻譯，有(you)自(zi)我效能感(gan)、希望、堅(jian)韌性、樂觀四個(ge)維度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，共24個(ge)條(tiao)目(mu)(mu)，采用Likert－6計(ji)分（從(cong)“非常(chang)不同意”到“非常(chang)同意”），含(han)3個(ge)反向(xiang)計(ji)分條(tiao)目(mu)(mu)。相(xiang)(xiang)關研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)證明了PCQ－24具有(you)良(liang)好的結(jie)構效度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、區分效度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、聚合(he)效度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和校標效度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。

3．統計學分析