1煤礦井(jing)下供電系統的安(an)全問(wen)題分析

1.1煤礦井下供電(dian)系統運行不穩定

煤(mei)礦(kuang)井下供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行受到(dao)多種因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，對(dui)煤(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全生(sheng)產造成不良影(ying)響。主要表現為(wei)(wei)：變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)不足以(yi)及對(dui)備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計不滿足規(gui)范。變壓器(qi)容(rong)量(liang)不足的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)是(shi)在(zai)進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設計時，沒(mei)有為(wei)(wei)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)留有充足余量(liang)，系(xi)統(tong)經(jing)過長時間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行，處(chu)于(yu)超負(fu)荷(he)狀態，供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)母線長期處(chu)于(yu)發(fa)熱狀態且用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)超載，降低了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)年(nian)限。此外，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)短(duan)路(lu)、雷(lei)擊、大型設備(bei)啟動等原因(yin)，會造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動，降低了供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠(kao)性、穩定性和(he)安(an)全性。

1.2地面中性點直接接地的(de)變壓器(qi)向(xiang)井下供電(dian)

在實際安全考察中(zhong)發現，大多(duo)數煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)企(qi)業沒有按照規定安裝使用(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)(jie)入(ru)井下電(dian)源或非直接(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)變壓器中(zhong)性點，而是采用(yong)(yong)單個煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)專用(yong)(yong)或多(duo)家煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)共用(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)中(zhong)性點變壓器連接(jie)(jie)(jie)供(gong)電(dian)系(xi)統，通過三(san)芯電(dian)纜線與(yu)三(san)相火線的連接(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)入(ru)井下，使用(yong)(yong)保護接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)與(yu)工作接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)結合的中(zhong)性線與(yu)單根相線接(jie)(jie)(jie)入(ru)辦公(gong)區域和生(sheng)活區，以供(gong)生(sheng)活用(yong)(yong)電(dian)。

1.3沒(mei)有采用雙(shuang)回路供電系統

1營銷戰略的探討

1.1對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掌控(kong)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)一(yi)直是(shi)人們(men)關(guan)注(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情，所以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力作為(wei)一(yi)種商(shang)品(pin)(pin)來說人們(men)也自(zi)然(ran)會關(guan)注(zhu)(zhu)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)。價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理性決定(ding)了商(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銷售(shou)量(liang)，從而直接決定(ding)了供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利益(yi)問(wen)題(ti)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力既然(ran)是(shi)人們(men)都(dou)在使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)，那么它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普(pu)遍性也就(jiu)相(xiang)當高(gao)(gao)，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)力決定(ding)了民生經濟，國家也極其(qi)重視該問(wen)題(ti)。供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭力也在增大(da)，所以(yi)物美價(jia)(jia)廉是(shi)一(yi)個商(shang)品(pin)(pin)銷量(liang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有力依靠。掌控(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)就(jiu)是(shi)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個營銷戰略，可以(yi)根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)情況來規定(ding)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)如果(guo)其(qi)收(shou)益(yi)較大(da)，那么相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)應(ying)該提高(gao)(gao)，但對(dui)(dui)于(yu)一(yi)些用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)情況少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)，其(qi)收(shou)益(yi)較少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)就(jiu)應(ying)該相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)降低。依據地(di)區(qu)來收(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)費(fei)，是(shi)個不錯而且相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)排。

1.2宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)就像(xiang)我們(men)(men)(men)每(mei)天在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視上(shang)看的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣告(gao)一(yi)樣，每(mei)個產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)力(li)(li)(li)度也是(shi)銷量的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個重要因素。當今時代是(shi)一(yi)個信(xin)息(xi)時代，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)大多是(shi)從(cong)網絡(luo)或(huo)者(zhe)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視上(shang)了解(jie)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事物。既然是(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，就不(bu)會(hui)(hui)例外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)也應(ying)該(gai)有廣告(gao)，宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)力(li)(li)(li)度應(ying)該(gai)有所(suo)增加，可以在(zai)廣告(gao)上(shang)下點力(li)(li)(li)度，不(bu)論是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)亦或(huo)是(shi)紙質版的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣告(gao)。商(shang)品(pin)(pin)賣得(de)快，全靠廣告(gao)帶。因此(ci)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)不(bu)可小覷的(de)(de)(de)(de)。加強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)力(li)(li)(li)度是(shi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業營銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)又(you)一(yi)重要手段。廣告(gao)有助于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)接受這種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，而且(qie)能(neng)(neng)引(yin)導人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)正確認(ren)識、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)這種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，從(cong)而起到傳(chuan)(chuan)遞信(xin)息(xi)、溝通產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。俗(su)話說，貨好還(huan)得(de)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)巧。雖(sui)然廣告(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會(hui)(hui)花費(fei)相當一(yi)部分(fen)資(zi)金，但是(shi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業不(bu)能(neng)(neng)局限于(yu)眼(yan)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)利益，應(ying)把(ba)眼(yan)光(guang)放長遠，考慮到未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)利潤。現(xian)在(zai)，廣告(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響力(li)(li)(li)極(ji)大，它影(ying)響著人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值觀念還(huan)有生(sheng)活(huo)方式(shi)。大力(li)(li)(li)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)可以引(yin)導人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)消費(fei)，也能(neng)(neng)更好地介紹(shao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本情況。廣告(gao)不(bu)僅是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)手段，如今更成(cheng)為了一(yi)種(zhong)文化，好的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣告(gao)既能(neng)(neng)讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)了解(jie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，又(you)能(neng)(neng)豐富人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)。因此(ci)，如果供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業能(neng)(neng)夠加強宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)，相信(xin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)對于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識會(hui)(hui)更加深刻。

1.3電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)不(bu)(bu)僅需要(yao)靠(kao)價格(ge)拉攏(long)顧客，用(yong)(yong)廣告吸引(yin)眼球，更重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)說(shuo)價格(ge)和宣傳是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軀干，那么(me)質(zhi)量(liang)就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)魂。好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)擁有一個(ge)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價格(ge)再怎么(me)便宜，宣傳再怎么(me)大，沒(mei)有好品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐，它不(bu)(bu)會走的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長遠(yuan)。因(yin)此(ci)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)決(jue)定著(zhu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)市場利益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)僅是(shi)銷量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保障，它更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)關聯著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)問題。根(gen)據(ju)《全(quan)國供(gong)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規則》來看，用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)應該在+5%～7%，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)超過這個(ge)范(fan)圍，就不(bu)(bu)合格(ge)了。另(ling)外，還(huan)要(yao)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)(bu)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或者(zhe)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)壽命(ming)大大降(jiang)低(di)，會使(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)(bu)穩(wen)而(er)沒(mei)有辦法(fa)做出好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，從而(er)影響生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率和品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)，自然供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)銷量(liang)會減(jian)少(shao)，利潤大幅度(du)降(jiang)低(di)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，有可能會使(shi)一些用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)發生燃燒(shao)或者(zhe)爆(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，這是(shi)很危險的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)情(qing)，一不(bu)(bu)小心甚至會影響人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生命(ming)安全(quan)。因(yin)此(ci)，只有放(fang)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)人(ren)(ren)們才會放(fang)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)購(gou)買(mai)，增強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)性是(shi)必不(bu)(bu)可少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作。

2結語

供(gong)電企業(ye)要想獲得最(zui)大利益(yi)(yi)，就(jiu)應該(gai)設(she)定(ding)(ding)營(ying)銷策略。好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)營(ying)銷策略不(bu)僅是(shi)一個(ge)企業(ye)成功的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要原因，更是(shi)在眾多企業(ye)競爭中決(jue)定(ding)(ding)成敗的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要因素。供(gong)電市(shi)場(chang)(chang)只(zhi)有認真研究電力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)下的(de)(de)營(ying)銷策略才能更好(hao)(hao)地把握市(shi)場(chang)(chang)經(jing)濟，獲得更多利益(yi)(yi)。

一、人(ren)才(cai)培養目標的定(ding)位

應(ying)用(yong)電(dian)子(zi)技術專業(ye)(ye)的(de)培(pei)養目標(biao)和(he)面(mian)向的(de)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)群是：①電(dian)子(zi)設備的(de)生產(chan)、檢測與調試、服務崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)；②電(dian)子(zi)設備系統的(de)工程安裝、調試、維護崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)；③電(dian)子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)檢驗、質量(liang)分析(xi)、售(shou)后服務、銷售(shou)等崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)；④電(dian)子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)公司的(de)電(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)開發設計、技術支(zhi)持、生產(chan)管理(li)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)等。二、人(ren)才培(pei)養模(mo)式改革

1．構建(jian)職業能力(li)模塊，完善(shan)專業課程體系

針對(dui)(dui)高職(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)特點，我們構建(jian)了(le)高職(zhi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)于職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程體(ti)系(xi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)：理(li)論模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、考證(zheng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、生產實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)與畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設計模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。其中(zhong)理(li)論模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)和(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)如(ru)電(dian)工(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)等，課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)一體(ti)化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式；專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)如(ru)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產品生產工(gong)藝(yi)、單片機(ji)(ji)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線路等，課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)任(ren)務(wu)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)式教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，項目(mu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)來源于生產實(shi)(shi)際(ji)，從而將理(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有機(ji)(ji)結合(he)(he)起(qi)來，充分(fen)(fen)發掘學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)創造潛(qian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，培養和(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)高他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)手能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、分(fen)(fen)析能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)團隊協(xie)作等綜合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)訓子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)（主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是校內實(shi)(shi)訓）及(ji)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)競賽培訓子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)，以職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)大賽為(wei)依(yi)托(tuo)，加強(qiang)(qiang)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練，保(bao)證(zheng)訓練的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，同時增強(qiang)(qiang)針對(dui)(dui)性(xing)和(he)(he)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)，培養學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生解決實(shi)(shi)際(ji)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)創新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。考證(zheng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)針對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生考取(qu)(qu)相應資格證(zheng)書的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。生產實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)與畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設計模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)頂(ding)崗(gang)實(shi)(shi)習子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)和(he)(he)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設計子(zi)(zi)(zi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)，旨在(zai)培養和(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)高學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)素質和(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。為(wei)了(le)更好地(di)適(shi)應社會對(dui)(dui)多樣性(xing)人才的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)，我們確立了(le)理(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系(xi)＋實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系(xi)＋專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)指(zhi)標體(ti)系(xi)“三維(wei)互(hu)動(dong)(dong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)(mo)式理(li)念(nian)。在(zai)重視基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)理(li)論夠用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，拓寬(kuan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)知識面，加強(qiang)(qiang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)部分(fen)(fen)，把應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)環(huan)節滲透到教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過程。大力(li)(li)推行Multisim、Protus、Matilab等仿真軟(ruan)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，提(ti)(ti)高課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果(guo)。遵循職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成長規律，對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程合(he)(he)理(li)規劃，形成從“基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)＋認知”出發，打造“綜合(he)(he)＋頂(ding)崗(gang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程布(bu)局。保(bao)證(zheng)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)理(li)論課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)夠用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)管用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，突(tu)出基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)理(li)論課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程和(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)課(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)相互(hu)滲透和(he)(he)融合(he)(he)。

2．以“工學(xue)結(jie)合”思想為指導，積極探(tan)索項目教學(xue)和一體化教學(xue)模(mo)式

按照“工學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)結(jie)合”的(de)(de)總體思(si)路，以實(shi)踐(jian)能力培養(yang)為主(zhu)線設計課程教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)，以任務(wu)驅動、項目導入或案例分析等手段組(zu)織教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，以理(li)論教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與實(shi)踐(jian)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)一(yi)(yi)體化的(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式完成(cheng)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)過(guo)程。從而對課程內容(rong)、教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)組(zu)織、教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式與教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法等進行一(yi)(yi)體化的(de)(de)綜合改革。例如(ru)，在培養(yang)方案中(zhong)，《電(dian)(dian)子產品制(zhi)造(zao)工藝》《單片機應用技(ji)術》《電(dian)(dian)子線路CAD技(ji)術》《電(dian)(dian)子產品維修》等專業課都采(cai)取了(le)項目教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)法，并配(pei)置了(le)專項實(shi)訓；《電(dian)(dian)工電(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術》《電(dian)(dian)氣控(kong)制(zhi)與PLC》《電(dian)(dian)子測(ce)量與儀器(qi)》等課程采(cai)取一(yi)(yi)體化教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)式并配(pei)置專項實(shi)訓。

一、準確定位(wei)應(ying)用電子技術專業的培養目標

一個專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)如果培(pei)養(yang)(yang)目標(biao)不(bu)明確(que)(que)，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)方向(xiang)不(bu)準確(que)(que)，將無法科(ke)學地(di)制定(ding)本(ben)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)和課程(cheng)(cheng)體系，也無法高效(xiao)地(di)進行(xing)(xing)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課程(cheng)(cheng)改(gai)革和教學管(guan)理。確(que)(que)定(ding)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)目標(biao)首先要進行(xing)(xing)充(chong)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)調研，確(que)(que)定(ding)本(ben)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)(ye)崗(gang)位和典型(xing)工(gong)作任(ren)(ren)務(wu)，根(gen)據典型(xing)工(gong)作任(ren)(ren)務(wu)對知識、能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和素質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)，確(que)(que)定(ding)人才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)目標(biao)和培(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)。蘇州工(gong)業(ye)(ye)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)學院應用電(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)蘇州市(shi)電(dian)(dian)子信息行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)協(xie)會的(de)(de)(de)指導下(xia)，通過(guo)走(zou)訪企業(ye)(ye)、召開專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)指導委員會等(deng)形式(shi)，對蘇州市(shi)電(dian)(dian)子類(lei)人才的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)進行(xing)(xing)調研，確(que)(que)定(ding)了(le)本(ben)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)主要工(gong)作任(ren)(ren)務(wu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)組裝(zhuang)調試(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)、PCB板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)焊接與(yu)(yu)維(wei)修(xiu)、電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)輔助設計(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)證和電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)銷售采(cai)購技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支持，職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)核心能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)組裝(zhuang)調試(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)、PCB板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)焊接與(yu)(yu)維(wei)修(xiu)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)、電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)輔助設計(ji)(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)、電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)證能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)營銷技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支持能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。通過(guo)崗(gang)位任(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析，制訂了(le)本(ben)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)人才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)目標(biao)是(shi):培(pei)養(yang)(yang)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備扎實的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學文化(hua)基礎(chu)知識，具(ju)(ju)(ju)備良好的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)素質(zhi)、團隊精神和創新意識，掌握電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)檢測(ce)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)路設計(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、單片機應用技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理、電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)銷售與(yu)(yu)采(cai)購及設備維(wei)護能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)高素質(zhi)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)型(xing)人才，使(shi)其可(ke)勝任(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)子生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)中電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)設計(ji)(ji)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、維(wei)修(xiu)、管(guan)理、銷售、采(cai)購、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)服務(wu)等(deng)崗(gang)位要求(qiu)(qiu)。形成“行(xing)(xing)會協(xie)同(tong)指導，校企共同(tong)育人”的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)學結合人才培(pei)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)。［1］

二、實施教(jiao)師(shi)“三化”工(gong)程，打造(zao)高素質“雙師(shi)”教(jiao)學團隊

發展(zhan)高(gao)(gao)等職業(ye)(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育的(de)重中之重是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設。要以(yi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)德建(jian)設為(wei)引領，將提(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)素(su)質、優(you)化(hua)雙(shuang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)構、聘(pin)任(ren)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)專家作為(wei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)資隊(dui)伍建(jian)設的(de)重點。在不斷提(ti)高(gao)(gao)專任(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)能(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)，提(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)實踐能(neng)力(li)(li)，拓(tuo)展(zhan)國際化(hua)視(shi)野(ye)，讓(rang)骨干(gan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)參加企(qi)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)技(ji)術新(xin)工(gong)藝培訓(xun)，參與專業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設，承擔(dan)課(ke)程(cheng)改革建(jian)設，指導畢業(ye)(ye)設計、學(xue)生(sheng)競賽、技(ji)術培訓(xun)，主持教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)科研課(ke)題。要定期安排骨干(gan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)出國培訓(xun)。“要給學(xue)生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)碗水(shui)(shui)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)自己要有一(yi)(yi)桶水(shui)(shui)”，這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)桶水(shui)(shui)必須是(shi)活(huo)水(shui)(shui)，流動的(de)水(shui)(shui)，是(shi)知識不斷更新(xin)的(de)水(shui)(shui)。本專業(ye)(ye)通過提(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)歷，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)到企(qi)業(ye)(ye)做訪問工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術人(ren)員共同(tong)進(jin)行產品開發和科技(ji)攻關，共同(tong)申報科研課(ke)題，為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)開發產品、解決技(ji)術難(nan)題等，使教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)實踐能(neng)力(li)(li)有了一(yi)(yi)個(ge)質的(de)變化(hua)。

三(san)、搞好課程改(gai)革，推進素質教育

通(tong)過(guo)市(shi)場調(diao)研和(he)職(zhi)業崗(gang)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)力(li)需求分析，確定應用(yong)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)專業畢業生的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)就業崗(gang)位(wei)和(he)次崗(gang)及遷移(yi)崗(gang)位(wei)。［2］按照項目化(hua)(hua)課程(cheng)教(jiao)學(xue)理念，以(yi)學(xue)生崗(gang)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)力(li)和(he)職(zhi)業素質培(pei)養(yang)為(wei)目標(biao)，在教(jiao)學(xue)內容、教(jiao)學(xue)方(fang)法(fa)、評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)法(fa)等方(fang)面(mian)進行改革(ge)，與職(zhi)業崗(gang)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)力(li)要(yao)求相(xiang)對接，加強校企合作，與企業共同編寫(xie)具有職(zhi)業特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目化(hua)(hua)教(jiao)材。多課程(cheng)重新整(zheng)合，實施(shi)課證(zheng)融合。將考(kao)(kao)(kao)證(zheng)內容穿插在實踐教(jiao)學(xue)中，實施(shi)理實一體化(hua)(hua)，既(ji)節約了(le)考(kao)(kao)(kao)證(zheng)時間，又(you)提高了(le)學(xue)生學(xue)習(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)率，進一步完善了(le)“能(neng)(neng)力(li)核(he)(he)心(xin)、項目構(gou)架”的(de)(de)(de)(de)課程(cheng)體系。如將“模擬(ni)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)”、“數字電(dian)(dian)路(lu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)”與“電(dian)(dian)子(zi)元器(qi)件(jian)檢驗”相(xiang)結合;“電(dian)(dian)子(zi)測量技(ji)(ji)術(shu)”課程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)與“音視頻設備檢驗員”、“無線電(dian)(dian)調(diao)試中級工”相(xiang)結合。為(wei)了(le)全面(mian)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)學(xue)生，摒棄一卷制的(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)方(fang)法(fa)，構(gou)建多元評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)機制，采取項目實施(shi)過(guo)程(cheng)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)和(he)課程(cheng)終結性考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)相(xiang)結合，自評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)、互評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)、師評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)式。根據課程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)目標(biao)，制定評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)準，使(shi)課程(cheng)尤其是基本技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)訓(xun)練(lian)類課程(cheng)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)內容與職(zhi)業崗(gang)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求相(xiang)吻合。

1關于電力電子技術的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)

1.1回顧電力電子(zi)技術的發展歷(li)程

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)歷程可(ke)具(ju)體(ti)劃分為(wei)三(san)個時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期，即整(zheng)(zheng)流器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)和(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。首先，整(zheng)(zheng)流器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發展(zhan)主(zhu)(zhu)要表現(xian)(xian)為(wei)大(da)規模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來源主(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)交(jiao)流發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，消(xiao)費形式(shi)以(yi)(yi)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，比(bi)如有(you)(you)色金屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解、內燃機(ji)(ji)車的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牽(qian)引以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)軋鋼(gang)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等。硅整(zheng)(zheng)流器(qi)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)將直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉化(hua)為(wei)工(gong)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)被廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域，這在(zai)六七十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中國隨處可(ke)見。其次，逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發展(zhan)遭(zao)遇了(le)嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)源危(wei)機(ji)(ji)，其波及(ji)(ji)范圍之廣使(shi)得整(zheng)(zheng)流器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)不(bu)再適(shi)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)需求，以(yi)(yi)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)應(ying)運而(er)生。逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)晶(jing)閘管、晶(jing)體(ti)管以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)晶(jing)閘管器(qi)件作為(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)流，在(zai)高(gao)壓直流輸(shu)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)對動(dong)態功率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)補償。然(ran)而(er)這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)范圍還(huan)僅僅局限(xian)于中低(di)頻(pin)領域，使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)較為(wei)偏低(di)。再者，八十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)大(da)規模(mo)和(he)超(chao)大(da)規模(mo)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)與應(ying)用(yong)，這不(bu)僅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)應(ying)用(yong)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)創新，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也為(wei)后期現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)提供了(le)必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)借鑒(jian)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)還(huan)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精細加工(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)進行了(le)完善，全控型(xing)功率(lv)(lv)器(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)(xian)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)化(hua)發展(zhan)，使(shi)得現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)轉化(hua)成(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)種可(ke)能(neng)。功率(lv)(lv)半導體(ti)市場逐漸被變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)件取代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，這一(yi)革(ge)新不(bu)僅提升了(le)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)調速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)，在(zai)小(xiao)型(xing)輕量(liang)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)裝備方面也有(you)(you)了(le)顯(xian)著(zhu)進步。

1.2當前電力電子技術的(de)應用(yong)領域

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展核(he)心控制體(ti)系(xi)在(zai)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)器件的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)，作為一種現代(dai)(dai)技(ji)術，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)功(gong)能(neng)不僅(jin)包括(kuo)了(le)(le)逆變(bian)(bian)、整流(liu)、變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)等基本(ben)方面，除此以(yi)外(wai)還涉(she)及(ji)到斬波和智能(neng)開關(guan)等方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容。通過(guo)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網工頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)來(lai)達(da)到不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)此適應(ying)(ying)(ying)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)生(sheng)產對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)需求。具體(ti)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)方面，其(qi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)領(ling)域主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)了(le)(le)三(san)大(da)方面：其(qi)一，在(zai)變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器作用(yong)下對(dui)微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術及(ji)控制技(ji)術進行有(you)(you)效整合，將固(gu)有(you)(you)不變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)為可(ke)(ke)換(huan)可(ke)(ke)調的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)變(bian)(bian)式交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)此達(da)到無級調速的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)資源的(de)(de)(de)(de)節約顯然極(ji)為有(you)(you)利。其(qi)二，在(zai)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源和供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源方面現代(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術也有(you)(you)著自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)功(gong)能(neng)，類似變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源、焊接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源、照明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源等都為現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)完善(shan)提供了(le)(le)切(qie)實可(ke)(ke)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術指導。其(qi)三(san)，一些發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)或是交流(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)術也體(ti)現出現代(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)意義，水力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)完善(shan)等都和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)之間有(you)(you)著密切(qie)聯(lian)系(xi)。

2現代電力電子(zi)技術的發展趨勢探討

1電(dian)力電(dian)子集成的層(ceng)次(ci)與形式(shi)

1.1單片集成

單(dan)片集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)是指(zhi)在一(yi)片硅片內,使(shi)用統一(yi)的(de)加(jia)工技(ji)能(neng)將所有需要(yao)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)元器件進行集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)。現今制造類工藝、隔離及散熱技(ji)術的(de)不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟、不(bu)完善,致使(shi)單(dan)片集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術一(yi)般只適(shi)用于集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)些較小功率(lv)的(de)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)路。當然不(bu)可(ke)否(fou)認的(de)是,電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子(zi)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術的(de)發展在今后極有可(ke)能(neng)以(yi)單(dan)片集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)為主(zhu)。

1.2混合集成

混(hun)合(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)方法能(neng)夠有(you)效幫助解決(jue)電路(lu)之間由于工藝差異(yi)所造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)高電壓隔(ge)離問題,混(hun)合(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)程(cheng)度(du)偏(pian)高。但是混(hun)合(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也存在著部分(fen)(fen)難度(du)偏(pian)高的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)性弊端、問題,如分(fen)(fen)布(bu)參數、傳熱等,且(qie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本無法降到最低。因(yin)此,與單片集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不同的(de)是,混(hun)合(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一般應用于中等功率的(de)電力(li)(li)電子(zi)電路(lu),未來可能(neng)會向大功率電路(lu)方面發展。混(hun)合(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為當(dang)前電力(li)(li)電子(zi)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)重要(yao)方式,其現實意義偏(pian)強。

1.3系統集成

一、案(an)例教(jiao)學法在(zai)教(jiao)學活動中(zhong)的(de)應用(yong)

案(an)(an)例(li)(li)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)種行(xing)之有效(xiao)且目的(de)(de)(de)明確的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法，以行(xing)動為(wei)(wei)導向(xiang)越發受到人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)關注和(he)(he)青睞。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)種歸(gui)納教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)法，案(an)(an)例(li)(li)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)未(wei)來教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革的(de)(de)(de)趨勢已不可(ke)動搖，盡(jin)管它(ta)不可(ke)能(neng)完全取(qu)代(dai)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)演繹式的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)式，卻是一(yi)(yi)種培養應(ying)用型人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)途徑。案(an)(an)例(li)(li)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)應(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)成功與否很大程度(du)上(shang)取(qu)決于(yu)典型案(an)(an)例(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)選取(qu)，要(yao)求典型案(an)(an)例(li)(li)既能(neng)體現對基本(ben)理(li)(li)論知識的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)和(he)(he)掌(zhang)握，又(you)要(yao)充分提高學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際動手能(neng)力(li)。而在電力(li)電子技術為(wei)(wei)課程的(de)(de)(de)背景下，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)需要(yao)應(ying)用所講的(de)(de)(de)知識來解(jie)釋典型案(an)(an)例(li)(li)所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)，把案(an)(an)例(li)(li)進行(xing)模(mo)(mo)塊化分解(jie)，摒棄對每個(ge)模(mo)(mo)塊進行(xing)詳細的(de)(de)(de)研究和(he)(he)探討(tao)，最(zui)后(hou)對各個(ge)模(mo)(mo)塊的(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)進行(xing)整合，才(cai)(cai)能(neng)形成對典型案(an)(an)例(li)(li)較為(wei)(wei)完整的(de)(de)(de)研究體系[2]。

二、基于MATLAB/Simulink的課(ke)程設計

“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術(shu)”這(zhe)門(men)課(ke)(ke)(ke)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程(cheng)與自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎學(xue)(xue)科(ke)之一，課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)有(you)(you)(you)幾個(ge)(ge)特(te)點(dian)：教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)性(xing)(xing)強、波(bo)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析復(fu)雜、課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)枯燥，學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)解(jie)困難；系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特(te)點(dian)鮮(xian)明、模(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)明顯，實(shi)驗項目(mu)相對(dui)(dui)獨立(li)；項目(mu)設(she)計(ji)綜(zong)合性(xing)(xing)強、技術(shu)應用(yong)(yong)廣，實(shi)際開發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)案例(li)比較成熟[3]。教(jiao)(jiao)師在(zai)(zai)(zai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)性(xing)(xing)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)時，需要觀(guan)察波(bo)形(xing)(xing)圖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)來(lai)闡明工(gong)作過程(cheng)。傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)方式中，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換器部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)拓撲(pu)形(xing)(xing)式多(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)樣，如果(guo)僅是(shi)手繪波(bo)形(xing)(xing)或者多(duo)媒體(ti)展示(shi)波(bo)形(xing)(xing)，教(jiao)(jiao)師講解(jie)起(qi)來(lai)費時費精力(li)(li)，學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)不(bu)能清(qing)楚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掌握分(fen)(fen)(fen)析波(bo)形(xing)(xing)圖變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)多(duo)媒體(ti)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)中引入仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)是(shi)必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，通(tong)過仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)把(ba)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和物(wu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)波(bo)形(xing)(xing)結合在(zai)(zai)(zai)一起(qi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)解(jie)，使抽象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)明了簡潔，仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)還可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析更加(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)并且對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)和創新。在(zai)(zai)(zai)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)中利(li)用(yong)(yong)MATLAB/Simulink軟(ruan)件(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)效地(di)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)出(chu)(chu)與實(shi)際相符合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)案例(li)，教(jiao)(jiao)師在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)中通(tong)過仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)實(shi)例(li)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)輕松(song)解(jie)決波(bo)形(xing)(xing)抽象(xiang)原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。Simulink非常(chang)適合于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)拖(tuo)動控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，并且具有(you)(you)(you)其他一些軟(ruan)件(jian)所(suo)沒有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)，仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)完全(quan)是(shi)由(you)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)利(li)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)提(ti)供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)來(lai)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)由(you)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)自(zi)行(xing)(xing)修改(gai)，并且用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結果(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)多(duo)種(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析和輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)，教(jiao)(jiao)師可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)直觀(guan)展示(shi)各(ge)種(zhong)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)圖波(bo)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)器件(jian)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)值，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)己(ji)對(dui)(dui)比分(fen)(fen)(fen)析不(bu)同參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)設(she)計(ji)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結果(guo)。這(zhe)種(zhong)交互性(xing)(xing)非常(chang)適合于(yu)高校相關課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)研，學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)過這(zhe)種(zhong)交互性(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)強對(dui)(dui)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)解(jie)和掌握，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)完成實(shi)驗和作業[4]。以(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)力(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)設(she)計(ji)為例(li)，教(jiao)(jiao)師首先要分(fen)(fen)(fen)析電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組成和工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，指導(dao)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)利(li)用(yong)(yong)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)平臺搭(da)建(jian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)，然后一步一步建(jian)立(li)各(ge)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)過程(cheng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為建(jian)立(li)仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)、設(she)置模(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和觀(guan)察仿(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結果(guo)。學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)需將案例(li)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)，就每個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)結合基(ji)礎理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)知(zhi)識進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析和研究(jiu)，并進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)實(shi)際動手調(diao)試(shi)，尋找各(ge)個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)紐帶，將所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)有(you)(you)(you)機結合起(qi)來(lai)，完成對(dui)(dui)典(dian)型(xing)(xing)案例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)[2]。

三、風力發電課(ke)程設計案例

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術在(zai)(zai)(zai)解決能(neng)源與環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題上做出(chu)(chu)了相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。風(feng)(feng)能(neng)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)綠(lv)色(se)能(neng)源，風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)及(ji)其控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)負(fu)責將(jiang)(jiang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，這一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)(shi)整個(ge)(ge)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)說風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心技(ji)術是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)術，其能(neng)量(liang)轉(zhuan)換(huan)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)都包含有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子器(qi)(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。由(you)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小功率(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)側(ce)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，并(bing)且(qie)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般都為(wei)(wei)(wei)低(di)轉(zhuan)速(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)低(di)風(feng)(feng)速(su)下發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有(you)限，不(bu)能(neng)滿足并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)，需要(yao)對(dui)(dui)其進行(xing)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此(ci)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小功率(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拓撲(pu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)+升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)+網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)側(ce)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)將(jiang)(jiang)風(feng)(feng)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)，帶動(dong)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)定(ding)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)二(er)極管不(bu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，然后(hou)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，將(jiang)(jiang)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)抬升(sheng)(sheng)至可(ke)(ke)以(yi)進行(xing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)側(ce)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數值(zhi)，并(bing)且(qie)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)側(ce)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，使直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)側(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容保持(chi)恒壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)側(ce)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)(jiang)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)同(tong)頻(pin)同(tong)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)饋入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)[5]。課程設計(ji)案(an)(an)例(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)利用(yong)(yong)MATLAB工(gong)具，對(dui)(dui)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及(ji)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進行(xing)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)研(yan)究。所(suo)(suo)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、不(bu)可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)、DC-AC并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成。學生(sheng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)把該(gai)風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型分(fen)(fen)成同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)和(he)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)，就(jiu)每(mei)個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)理論(lun)知識(shi)進行(xing)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，最后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)各模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)結(jie)(jie)合起(qi)來達到整個(ge)(ge)案(an)(an)例(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究。永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)額(e)定(ding)參(can)數：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)700V，功率(lv)(lv)2750kW，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)2270A，功率(lv)(lv)因數0.95，速(su)度16rpm，頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)16Hz，極對(dui)(dui)數2p＝120，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R＝5.97m-Ohm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感Ld=Lq=1.0757mH。風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)課程設計(ji)案(an)(an)例(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)框圖(tu)(tu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)下圖(tu)(tu)所(suo)(suo)示(shi)：1.同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)依據實(shi)(shi)際(ji)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)參(can)數，研(yan)究在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)速(su)度驅動(dong)下帶三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)特(te)(te)性(xing)。仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)2所(suo)(suo)示(shi)，仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結(jie)(jie)果如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)3和(he)4所(suo)(suo)示(shi)。仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)論(lun)證了實(shi)(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)參(can)數下所(suo)(suo)達到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)值(zhi)及(ji)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)弦特(te)(te)性(xing)、頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)特(te)(te)性(xing)。2.斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)節(jie)功能(neng)。仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)5所(suo)(suo)示(shi)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)設定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)信(xin)號輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)占(zhan)空比控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期望輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結(jie)(jie)果如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)6所(suo)(suo)示(shi)。系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)明(ming)：調(diao)節(jie)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)脈(mo)沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)空比可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)幅(fu)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跟蹤控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。3.逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)調(diao)節(jie)特(te)(te)性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)給定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，帶三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)離網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)運(yun)行(xing)特(te)(te)性(xing)。仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)7所(suo)(suo)示(shi)，仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)波(bo)形(xing)如(ru)(ru)(ru)圖(tu)(tu)8所(suo)(suo)示(shi)。仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結(jie)(jie)果表(biao)明(ming)：逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50Hz基波(bo)主(zhu)頻(pin)分(fen)(fen)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)沖調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)波(bo)形(xing)，經(jing)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)濾(lv)波(bo)后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50Hz正(zheng)弦波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)濾(lv)波(bo)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)弦波(bo)。此(ci)課程設計(ji)案(an)(an)例(li)根據現(xian)場實(shi)(shi)際(ji)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5MW直驅永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)參(can)數，對(dui)(dui)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)各個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)進行(xing)了仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)研(yan)究，得出(chu)(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)速(su)度驅動(dong)下帶三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)永(yong)磁(ci)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)特(te)(te)性(xing)，仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)論(lun)證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)參(can)數下輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)弦特(te)(te)性(xing)、頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)特(te)(te)性(xing)；升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)斬(zhan)(zhan)波(bo)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)明(ming)調(diao)節(jie)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)脈(mo)沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占(zhan)空比可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)幅(fu)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跟蹤控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)明(ming)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50Hz基波(bo)主(zhu)頻(pin)分(fen)(fen)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)沖調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)波(bo)形(xing)，經(jing)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)濾(lv)波(bo)后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50Hz正(zheng)弦波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)濾(lv)波(bo)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)弦波(bo)。此(ci)案(an)(an)例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿(fang)(fang)(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結(jie)(jie)果達到預期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，為(wei)(wei)(wei)學生(sheng)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)應用(yong)(yong)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)得到良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)現(xian)。

1引言

預計在未來10到20年，微電子器件(jian)抗(kang)輻射(she)加固(gu)的重點(dian)發(fa)(fa)展技(ji)(ji)術(shu)是：抗(kang)輻射(she)加固(gu)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和新方法研(yan)究(jiu)；新材(cai)料(liao)和先進(jin)器件(jian)結構輻射(she)效應(ying)；多器件(jian)相互(hu)作用(yong)模(mo)型和模(mo)擬研(yan)究(jiu)；理(li)解和研(yan)究(jiu)復雜3－D結構、系(xi)統(tong)封裝的抗(kang)輻射(she)加固(gu)；開(kai)發(fa)(fa)能夠降低測(ce)試(shi)要(yao)求的先進(jin)模(mo)擬技(ji)(ji)術(shu)；開(kai)發(fa)(fa)應(ying)用(yong)加固(gu)設計的各(ge)種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。本文分析研(yan)究(jiu)了微電子器件(jian)抗(kang)輻射(she)加固(gu)設計技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和工藝制造技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的發(fa)(fa)展態勢。

2輻射效應和損傷機理研究

微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)器件(jian)(jian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)數字和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)模擬集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)一般分(fen)為(wei)總(zong)劑(ji)量(liang)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)（TID）、單(dan)粒(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)（SEE）和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)量(liang)率（DoesRate）效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)。總(zong)劑(ji)量(liang)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)源于由(you)γ光(guang)(guang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、質子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)照(zhao)射(she)所引(yin)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)氧化層電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)陷阱或(huo)位移(yi)破(po)壞，包括漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)流增(zeng)(zeng)加、MOSFET閾值(zhi)漂移(yi)，以及(ji)(ji)雙極(ji)晶體管的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)益衰減。SEE是(shi)由(you)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)高能粒(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)（質子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、中(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、α粒(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)其他重離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)）轟擊微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)敏感(gan)區引(yin)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)p－n結兩端產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)粒(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)，可(ke)(ke)引(yin)發(fa)軟(ruan)誤差、電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)閉鎖或(huo)元件(jian)(jian)燒(shao)毀。SEE中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)粒(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)翻轉（SEU）會(hui)導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)節點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)邏輯狀態(tai)發(fa)生(sheng)翻轉。劑(ji)量(liang)率效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)是(shi)由(you)甚高速(su)率的(de)(de)(de)γ或(huo)X射(she)線，在(zai)極(ji)短時(shi)間內作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，并在(zai)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)內產(chan)生(sheng)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流引(yin)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)(ke)導致閉鎖、燒(shao)毀和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)軌電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)坍塌等(deng)(deng)(deng)破(po)壞［1］。輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)抗(kang)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)加固技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)基礎，航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)SiGe，InP，集成光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)高速(su)高性(xing)能新型(xing)器件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)重點(dian)。研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)新型(xing)器件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)：1）對(dui)新的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)進(jin)行分(fen)析評(ping)價，推(tui)動其應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)到航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)任務中(zhong)；2）研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導方法學；3）研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)抗(kang)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)保證問題(ti)，以增(zeng)(zeng)加系統可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)，減少成本(ben)，簡化供應(ying)(ying)(ying)渠(qu)道。研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)保證帶寬／速(su)度不斷(duan)提升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)光(guang)(guang)（如光(guang)(guang)纖數據鏈(lian)接(jie)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)在(zai)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)地工作(zuo)(zuo)。圖(tu)1所示為(wei)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)重點(dian)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)象。研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)領域可(ke)(ke)分(fen)為(wei)：1）新微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)器件(jian)(jian)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)；2）先進(jin)微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)評(ping)估；3）航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)抗(kang)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)保障；4）光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)器件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)損(sun)傷(shang)機(ji)理(li)(li)(li)；5）輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)測試、放射(she)量(liang)測定及(ji)(ji)相關問題(ti)；6）飛(fei)行工程(cheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)異(yi)常數據分(fen)析；7）提供及(ji)(ji)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)期(qi)工程(cheng)支持(chi)；8）航(hang)空輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)評(ping)估；9）輻(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)射(she)數據維護(hu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)傳送。

3抗輻(fu)射加固設(she)計技術

3．1抗(kang)輻(fu)射加固系統設計方法

1校(xiao)企合作(zuo)的可(ke)能性及重要意(yi)義

1．1無錫(xi)是(shi)我(wo)國微電子產業的南方基地，需要大量的微電子專(zhuan)業人才

無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)搖籃，是(shi)我國(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)一塊集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)誕生(sheng)地，微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)著(zhu)優(you)(you)良的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統和(he)(he)(he)(he)深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎。近年(nian)來，無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)政府(fu)出(chu)(chu)臺了(le)一系列(lie)優(you)(you)惠政策(ce)（比如530計(ji)劃），大(da)力吸引微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)高端人(ren)才(cai)(cai)，創辦(ban)了(le)一批有(you)競爭力的(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)路(lu)設計(ji)公(gong)(gong)司。2013年(nian)無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)市政府(fu)又出(chu)(chu)臺了(le)《無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)市微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)劃（2013—2020）》，為無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)市微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進一步發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供了(le)強(qiang)有(you)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)支持和(he)(he)(he)(he)保障。經過30多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構比較(jiao)完(wan)(wan)(wan)整(zheng)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)模龐大(da)，管理比較(jiao)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)良好局面。2013年(nian)無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)市微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合計(ji)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入(ru)652．12億元，規(gui)模列(lie)全國(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)二［7］。SK海(hai)力士和(he)(he)(he)(he)華潤微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)別以第(di)(di)二名(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)第(di)(di)四名(ming)入(ru)圍(wei)2013年(nian)度中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)半(ban)導體十(shi)大(da)制(zhi)造企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。江蘇新潮科技(ji)(ji)集(ji)(ji)團、海(hai)太(tai)半(ban)導體（無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)）有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司和(he)(he)(he)(he)英(ying)飛凌科技(ji)(ji)（無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)）有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司分(fen)別以第(di)(di)一名(ming)、第(di)(di)七(qi)名(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)第(di)(di)九名(ming)入(ru)圍(wei)2013年(nian)度中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)半(ban)導體十(shi)大(da)封裝(zhuang)測試企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)［8］。雖然無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)市微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)取得了(le)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績，但(dan)也存在(zai)一些(xie)問題，比如：微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)比較(jiao)匱(kui)乏，已經成(cheng)(cheng)為制(zhi)約微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)瓶頸(jing)之一。而高校(xiao)是(shi)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)集(ji)(ji)地，江南大(da)學微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以發(fa)(fa)揮人(ren)才(cai)(cai)優(you)(you)勢，為無(wu)(wu)(wu)錫(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)培養大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。

1．2江南大學(xue)注重校企合作(zuo)

無錫(xi)日報2013年9月21日發(fa)(fa)表題為(wei)(wei)“江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)發(fa)(fa)揮高(gao)校(xiao)優勢(shi)，開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)校(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作，服(fu)務地方經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)———做無錫(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)引擎和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)智庫”的(de)(de)(de)(de)文章(zhang)，文章(zhang)指(zhi)出：“江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)提(ti)出要(yao)以項(xiang)目為(wei)(wei)平臺，廣泛開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)校(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作，為(wei)(wei)地方科技(ji)創新(xin)和(he)(he)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)轉型添磚加瓦，這(zhe)是江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)推(tui)進(jin)與(yu)區域、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)協同創新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式和(he)(he)途徑。”江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)作為(wei)(wei)無錫(xi)唯一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)所211重(zhong)點建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)校(xiao)，非(fei)常注(zhu)重(zhong)與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作，積極參與(yu)國家、無錫(xi)地區的(de)(de)(de)(de)科技(ji)創新(xin)，推(tui)進(jin)科技(ji)成果產(chan)(chan)業(ye)化，為(wei)(wei)本地區的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)服(fu)務。比如：與(yu)無錫(xi)市(shi)政府(fu)合(he)(he)(he)作建立的(de)(de)(de)(de)江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)國家大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)科技(ji)園(yuan)，已成為(wei)(wei)高(gao)科技(ji)研究項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)孵化基地；江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科研經(jing)(jing)費(fei)每年以30％的(de)(de)(de)(de)速度在增加，其中60％～70％的(de)(de)(de)(de)科研總經(jing)(jing)費(fei)來(lai)自于與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作。總之，江南(nan)(nan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)一(yi)(yi)直探索(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作模式取得了顯著的(de)(de)(de)(de)成效。這(zhe)也為(wei)(wei)我(wo)校(xiao)微電子專(zhuan)業(ye)尋求校(xiao)企(qi)合(he)(he)(he)作提(ti)供了機遇和(he)(he)挑戰。

1．3微電子專業自身建設的特點(dian)

1微電子(zi)機械系(xi)統的概述

1.1微(wei)電(dian)子(zi)機械系統的概(gai)念(nian)

微電子(zi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)主要結構有(you)微型(xing)傳(chuan)感器(qi)、制動器(qi)以(yi)及處理電路(lu)。其是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)微電子(zi)電路(lu)與微機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)制動器(qi)結合的(de)尺寸微型(xing)的(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，其在(zai)電路(lu)信(xin)息的(de)指示(shi)下可以(yi)進行(xing)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)操作(zuo)，并且還能夠通過裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)傳(chuan)感器(qi)來獲取外部的(de)數據信(xin)息，將其進行(xing)轉化(hua)處理放大，進而通過制動器(qi)來實現各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)操作(zuo)。而微電子(zi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)技術是(shi)以(yi)微電子(zi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)理論、材料、工藝為研究對象(xiang)的(de)技術。微電子(zi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)并不只(zhi)是(shi)單純的(de)將傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)機(ji)(ji)電產(chan)品微型(xing)化(hua)，其制作(zuo)材料、工藝、原理、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)等各(ge)個方面都突破了傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)技術限制，達(da)到了一(yi)個微電子(zi)、微機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)技術結合的(de)全(quan)新高度。微電子(zi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)新的(de)高新科(ke)學技術，其在(zai)航天、軍(jun)事、生物、醫療等領域都有(you)著重要的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。

1.2微電(dian)子(zi)機械系統技術(shu)的特(te)點

1.2.1尺寸微型化

傳(chuan)統機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)工技(ji)(ji)術的最小單(dan)位(wei)一般是cm，而微電子機(ji)械(xie)系統技(ji)(ji)術下(xia)的機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)工往往最小單(dan)位(wei)已經涉及到了(le)微米甚至納米。這以尺寸的巨大(da)變化使得(de)微電子機(ji)械(xie)系統技(ji)(ji)術下(xia)的原(yuan)件(jian)具有微型化的特點，其(qi)攜帶方(fang)便(bian)，應用領域更加(jia)(jia)廣闊。