導語：如何才能寫好(hao)一篇質量管理(li)工作經驗總(zong)結，這就(jiu)需(xu)要搜集(ji)整理(li)更多的資料和(he)文獻，歡迎閱讀(du)由公務員之家整理(li)的十篇范文，供你(ni)借鑒。

篇1

【關鍵詞】 健康體檢；服務；加強；護理管理；質量

作者(zhe)單(dan)位：130011 長春(chun),一(yi)汽總(zong)醫院體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)(吉(ji)林大學(xue)第四醫院(李麗波 孫立梅),皮(pi)膚科(ke)(楊(yang)正華(hua)) 隨著(zhu)不(bu)斷提高的(de)生活(huo)水平，人們(men)對健康(kang)的(de)需求越(yue)來越(yue)高，會對自己的(de)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)定(ding)期進行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查，實現(xian)對疾病的(de)早發現(xian)、早治(zhi)療(liao)，使(shi)自己的(de)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)健康(kang)得到保(bao)證，因(yin)而，在(zai)人們(men)生活(huo)中(zhong)健康(kang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)成為(wei)重要的(de)內容。健康(kang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)是否能順(shun)利地進行，設計(ji)一(yi)個科(ke)學(xue)的(de)管理流程(cheng)(cheng)是關鍵。本人在(zai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)作中(zhong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)會到，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)質量的(de)好(hao)與(yu)不(bu)好(hao)，和(he)統一(yi)的(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)標準和(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)流程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)護理管理、嚴格(ge)的(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)作流程(cheng)(cheng)是密(mi)不(bu)可分的(de)。現(xian)將(jiang)如何加強護理管理，做好(hao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)工(gong)作經驗總(zong)結如下。

1 資料與方法

11 一般資料 我(wo)部護(hu)士現有(you)32人(ren)(ren)(ren)，其中，17人(ren)(ren)(ren)本科學(xue)歷，有(you)10年(nian)以(yi)上的(de)(de)臨(lin)床工作經驗達17人(ren)(ren)(ren)；每月約有(you)2000人(ren)(ren)(ren)次(ci)進行(xing)健康體(ti)檢；從臨(lin)床護(hu)理崗位(wei)調入的(de)(de)護(hu)士占80％，直接由(you)學(xue)校畢業招(zhao)聘的(de)(de)護(hu)士占20％，對質量管理、流程(cheng)設(she)計相關(guan)的(de)(de)知識比(bi)較缺乏。為患(huan)者提高(gao)滿足其健康需求的(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)務，協調各項服(fu)(fu)務流程(cheng)，使服(fu)(fu)務流程(cheng)更高(gao)效(xiao)，更有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)力(li)物力(li)資源，以(yi)獲得(de)最佳的(de)(de)患(huan)者服(fu)(fu)務效(xiao)果是jcI標準醫院(yuan)的(de)(de)目標。

12 方法 ①建立體檢護理質量管理體系的準備 質量管理培訓針對全體護士展開：護理質量控制的基礎是加強護理質量理念的培訓學習，我們的員工只有對“質量”的認識掌握了，分析問題和解決問題的能力才能得到提高。一是我部護士多次從科室內部或醫院等不同層面學習護理質量管理的相關知識，學習內容的鞏固方式通過帶教護士以書面考核、直接提問來進行的；二是護士參加科室內培訓并保存培訓記錄，全院性制度、科室制度和部門服務計劃的與護士相關的制度是培訓的內容；三是持續質量改進的培訓對科室內護士開展，持續質量改進的項目通過學習并應用質量改進模式和質量改進的工具來完成。②成立質量管理工作小組(zu)(zu):成(cheng)立(li)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)工作小組(zu)(zu)和質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)保(bao)證小組(zu)(zu)，由護士(shi)長(chang)、護理(li)組(zu)(zu)長(chang)及(ji)普(pu)通護士(shi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)改(gai)進協調(diao)員由其中一(yi)位(wei)(wei)護士(shi)擔(dan)任，充(chong)當聯系本(ben)部(bu)門(men)與醫(yi)院護理(li)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)改(gai)進委員會之(zhi)間(jian)關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)紐帶。體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)者(zhe)滿意率、投訴率、工作缺(que)陷事件(jian)、意外事件(jian)等(deng)資料要(yao)(yao)每(mei)(mei)月收集并(bing)進行(xing)匯(hui)總分析；與護士(shi)長(chang)交(jiao)流存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，針對突出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)共性問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)進行(xing)討論以(yi)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)改(gai)進措施；對特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)或事件(jian)以(yi)案例的(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)在(zai)(zai)科室會議上進行(xing)討論，以(yi)提(ti)高護理(li)工作質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。③安排好導(dao)醫(yi)工作:在(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)每(mei)(mei)個環節專(zhuan)職導(dao)醫(yi)要(yao)(yao)熱心的(de)(de)(de)為(wei)大(da)家服(fu)務，導(dao)醫(yi)人(ren)(ren)員主動(dong)服(fu)務的(de)(de)(de)意識要(yao)(yao)不(bu)斷強化，變同定站(zhan)立(li)式(shi)服(fu)務為(wei)站(zhan)立(li)巡回式(shi)服(fu)務，腿勤(qin)、眼(yan)勤(qin)、嘴勤(qin)必須做(zuo)(zuo)到，受(shou)(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員要(yao)(yao)合理(li)地(di)(di)分流，及(ji)時解(jie)決體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)過程中發(fa)(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)。把受(shou)(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員按項(xiang)目(mu)如(ru)：測血(xue)(xue)壓、抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)、胸透、心電圖(tu)、體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)、身高、查體(ti)(ti)(ti)、超聲等(deng)按組(zu)(zu)分開(kai)，合理(li)安排體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員及(ji)時間(jian)，做(zuo)(zuo)到不(bu)擁擠、不(bu)扎堆，保(bao)證體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)快捷(jie)、有序地(di)(di)進行(xing)。④把好抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)管(guan)理(li)關(guan):因為(wei)抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查項(xiang)目(mu)繁多，并(bing)且結果不(bu)能(neng)馬上得到，大(da)量(liang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)簿的(de)(de)(de)填寫、試管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)存、實驗(yan)(yan)、化驗(yan)(yan)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)送過程中最(zui)容易出(chu)(chu)(chu)差錯，筆(bi)者(zhe)總結出(chu)(chu)(chu)各個單(dan)位(wei)(wei)應分窗口抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)。一(yi)個單(dan)位(wei)(wei)若項(xiang)目(mu)不(bu)同以(yi)分類抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)法嚴格三(san)查七對抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)者(zhe)和編(bian)(bian)號(hao)者(zhe)。收回體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)表編(bian)(bian)號(hao)與抽(chou)血(xue)(xue)編(bian)(bian)號(hao)相(xiang)一(yi)致。每(mei)(mei)個人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)簿上都有與體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)流程相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)項(xiang)目(mu)，做(zuo)(zuo)完一(yi)項(xiang)后做(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)標識。這樣既(ji)清楚(chu)又不(bu)容易出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)錯誤。只(zhi)有把好每(mei)(mei)一(yi)關(guan)才能(neng)保(bao)證體(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)結果的(de)(de)(de)準確無誤。

2 結果

不斷完善的體檢人性(xing)化服務措施(shi)，同時通過群體的健康(kang)篩查，為我院(yuan)各科(ke)提供了(le)一定數量(liang)的門診及住院(yuan)患者(zhe)，醫(yi)院(yuan)的社(she)會和(he)經濟效益不斷的提高。

3 討論

在多年(nian)的體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)工(gong)作經驗中，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)的護理(li)(li)質(zhi)量(liang)本科室不但(dan)重視，而且(qie)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)流程的管(guan)理(li)(li)還(huan)一直(zhi)強調，不斷改進(jin)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)流程的質(zhi)量(liang)控制環節(jie)，做好護士與(yu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)者和(he)醫生的協(xie)調、科室與(yu)科室之間的協(xie)調，提高了工(gong)作效率，使程序化、科學化體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)在體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)護理(li)(li)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作，并(bing)在體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)過程中積極開展健(jian)康(kang)教育，做到(dao)真(zhen)正為體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)者身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)健(jian)康(kang)著想，營造一個溫(wen)馨(xin)、有序、愉(yu)快的體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)氛圍，保證圓滿順(shun)利完(wan)成體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢(jian)工(gong)作。

篇2

煤礦技(ji)術員述職(zhi)報告(gao)范(fan)文尊敬(jing)的各位領(ling)導、同事：

首先(xian)，礦領導班子成員對(dui)我工(gong)(gong)作的(de)關(guan)心(xin)指導，感(gan)謝(xie)各位領導及職工(gong)(gong)同志們對(dui)我工(gong)(gong)作的(de)支(zhi)持和幫(bang)助。時間(jian)飛逝(shi)，轉(zhuan)眼(yan)我參(can)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)作已三年(nian)有余(yu)。在(zai)此之際，總結一(yi)下在(zai)這一(yi)年(nian)中(zhong)我做了哪(na)些(xie)工(gong)(gong)作?工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)收獲了那(nei)些(xie)成績和經驗?其中(zhong)還有那(nei)些(xie)缺(que)點(dian)和不足(zu)?這樣也(ye)能(neng)更(geng)好地做好今后(hou)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作。繼續保持自(zi)(zi)己的(de)長處，克服(fu)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)弱(ruo)點(dian)，逐步提高自(zi)(zi)己的(de)技術(shu)水(shui)平和業務能(neng)力，配合煤礦的(de)發展步伐(fa)。

我于20xx年1月至(zhi)3月擔(dan)(dan)任掘進一隊技術(shu)隊長，3月至(zhi)10月擔(dan)(dan)任掘進二隊技術(shu)隊長，xx月至(zhi)今擔(dan)(dan)任生產科(ke)副(fu)科(ke)長。現將掘進隊擔(dan)(dan)任技術(shu)副(fu)隊長的(de)主要工作匯報如下：

一、嚴格要求自己，明確自身職責

積極配合隊(dui)長開(kai)展技術管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，認真組織(zhi)區(qu)(qu)隊(dui)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)，保證每項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)、措(cuo)施(shi)齊全(quan)，堅(jian)持(chi)一(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、一(yi)規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)、一(yi)措(cuo)施(shi)。定期復查掘進(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面作(zuo)業規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)，根據(ju)現(xian)(xian)場情況(kuang)及(ji)上級有關規(gui)(gui)(gui)定及(ji)時修改補充(chong)完善。每月(yue)堅(jian)持(chi)入(ru)井(jing)不低于24個(ge)，深入(ru)現(xian)(xian)場，對生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝及(ji)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作(zuo)進(jin)(jin)行指導(dao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)，發(fa)現(xian)(xian)問題及(ji)時處理(li)。制(zhi)定切實可行的(de)質量(liang)(liang)標(biao)準化管理(li)制(zhi)度，規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)區(qu)(qu)隊(dui)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)質量(liang)(liang)操作(zuo)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)，及(ji)每月(yue)的(de)進(jin)(jin)行安(an)(an)全(quan)培訓(xun)提高區(qu)(qu)隊(dui)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)意識。

在掘(jue)進(jin)二(er)(er)隊(dui)領導班子的(de)(de)(de)緊(jin)密團結配合下，掘(jue)進(jin)二(er)(er)隊(dui)20xx年9月(yue)單月(yue)快速(su)掘(jue)進(jin)進(jin)尺750m，實際圓滿完成當月(yue)安全生(sheng)產任務，20xx年10月(yue)份成功結束A6煤(mei)層(ceng)泄(xie)(xie)水(shui)(shui)巷(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)掘(jue)進(jin)任務，解決了把A6煤(mei)層(ceng)采空區的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)引入到為(wei)A6煤(mei)層(ceng)泄(xie)(xie)水(shui)(shui)巷(xiang)(xiang)，然(ran)后進(jin)行排水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)問題。

二、刻苦鉆研專業技術(shu)知(zhi)識，做好(hao)本職工作

在(zai)掘進(jin)(jin)(jin)隊期間負(fu)責編制各掘進(jin)(jin)(jin)工(gong)作(zuo)面的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)業規程和(he)安全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)措施(shi)，并向全(quan)(quan)體職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)認真(zhen)傳達貫徹(che)，經常深(shen)入作(zuo)業現場(chang)(chang)檢查規程的(de)(de)執(zhi)行(xing)情(qing)況，當規程措施(shi)與現場(chang)(chang)不(bu)符時，及時編寫補(bu)充措施(shi)，并對原規程措施(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)修(xiu)訂(ding)，及負(fu)責本工(gong)區職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)安全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)知識的(de)(de)學(xue)習和(he)“三大規程”的(de)(de)落實，經常組織(zhi)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)崗(gang)位練(lian)兵(bing)和(he)技術(shu)比武活動，教(jiao)育職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)上標(biao)準崗(gang)、干標(biao)準活，不(bu)斷提高職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)技術(shu)素質和(he)業務水平(ping)。

協助區長認(ren)真搞(gao)好(hao)質量標(biao)準(zhun)化和(he)(he)(he)安全評估工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，抓好(hao)材料(liao)消耗和(he)(he)(he)勞(lao)動管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，采(cai)取積極有效的(de)(de)技術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)，杜絕“三(san)違”現(xian)象，避免安全事故、提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量、降低材料(liao)消耗、提高勞(lao)動生(sheng)產率。認(ren)真抓好(hao)各(ge)(ge)(ge)掘進工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面的(de)(de)正規循環(huan)作(zuo)業，搞(gao)好(hao)各(ge)(ge)(ge)迎(ying)頭的(de)(de)接續準(zhun)備工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，分(fen)析(xi)(xi)研究各(ge)(ge)(ge)掘進隊的(de)(de)安全生(sheng)產動態，嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行事故的(de)(de)追(zhui)查(cha)、分(fen)析(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)處理(li)制度，不斷總(zong)結經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)教訓，確保安全生(sheng)產。深入職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、深入現(xian)場，搞(gao)好(hao)調(diao)查(cha)研究，及時總(zong)結本工(gong)(gong)(gong)區安全生(sheng)產和(he)(he)(he)技術(shu)方面的(de)(de)方法(fa)和(he)(he)(he)經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)，不斷學習新知識(shi)，推廣新技術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)新經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)。負責搜集本工(gong)(gong)(gong)區各(ge)(ge)(ge)種技術(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)(de)資料(liao)，及時分(fen)析(xi)(xi)完成(cheng)情況，采(cai)取有效的(de)(de)技術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)，完成(cheng)各(ge)(ge)(ge)項技術(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)指(zhi)標(biao)。

區(qu)隊(dui)(dui)工(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)管理主要(yao)是(shi)依靠驗(yan)收員(yuan)(yuan)和(he)提高(gao)區(qu)隊(dui)(dui)班(ban)小(xiao)組(zu)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標準化(hua)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)意識。在對(dui)驗(yan)收員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)管理中(zhong)，一是(shi)對(dui)驗(yan)收員(yuan)(yuan)實行驗(yan)收失誤積分制，既(ji)不挫傷驗(yan)收員(yuan)(yuan)參與(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標準化(hua)管理的(de)(de)熱情，也規范和(he)提高(gao)了驗(yan)收員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)工(gong)作責任心(xin);二是(shi)嚴格(ge)落實制度(du)(du)，使“制度(du)(du)+落實=落實”的(de)(de)口號(hao)不會停止到口號(hao)上。在對(dui)區(qu)隊(dui)(dui)班(ban)小(xiao)組(zu)的(de)(de)管理中(zhong)，一是(shi)加大對(dui)班(ban)組(zu)長(chang)的(de)(de)罰款和(he)扣分力度(du)(du)，二是(shi)加大對(dui)班(ban)組(zu)工(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)優良工(gong)程的(de)(de)獎勵制度(du)(du)，利用獎罰制度(du)(du)提高(gao)班(ban)小(xiao)組(zu)對(dui)區(qu)隊(dui)(dui)工(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)意識和(he)積極性(xing)。

三、適應發展的需要，不斷學習新知識。

隨著社(she)會不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)的發展，知識(shi)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)更(geng)新(xin)，在網(wang)上(shang)購買與掘進有(you)關的技術圖(tu)書，不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)開闊和更(geng)新(xin)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的業務(wu)(wu)視野，提高(gao)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的業務(wu)(wu)素質，使自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的業務(wu)(wu)水平有(you)上(shang)了(le)一(yi)個新(xin)臺(tai)階。

四、能力拓展、提高(gao)工作效(xiao)率

堅持“以(yi)人為本”管理理念(nian)，弘(hong)揚“用心(xin)做事、追求(qiu)卓越”的企(qi)業(ye)作風，找(zhao)準區隊文化建設與安全生(sheng)產管理的切入(ru)點，不斷(duan)加(jia)強區隊管理文化建設。

五、工(gong)作中取得的(de)主要(yao)成績與工(gong)作經(jing)驗總(zong)結。

1、在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中自(zi)使至(zhi)終注重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量(liang)管理(li)，嚴把質量(liang)關。在(zai)金年的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中始終如一地按照工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設計(ji)圖所(suo)規(gui)定(ding)的規(gui)格(ge)要求來嚴格(ge)檢(jian)查自(zi)己所(suo)負(fu)責(ze)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目，做到精心(xin)設計(ji)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之序、精心(xin)指導施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)業，保質保量(liang)地完成指定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程任務，貫(guan)通巷道準確無誤。

2、重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)程重(zhong)(zhong)點管理，在自己的(de)(de)日常(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中，始終抓住重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)程不放松(song)，做到重(zhong)(zhong)點突出，目標明確。如8 月份由掘進二隊施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)A603工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面(mian)，為保(bao)證施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)A603工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面(mian)按(an)照(zhao)礦(kuang)領導(dao)的(de)(de)安排的(de)(de)時間表(biao)準時交接(jie)給綜采隊，我隊是把它作(zuo)(zuo)為重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)程來組(zu)織生產(chan)的(de)(de)，做到天(tian)天(tian)跟進的(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)，經過和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員的(de)(de)共(gong)同努(nu)力，最終按(an)時交接(jie)，并(bing)滿足(zu)了施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要求。

篇3

關鍵詞(ci)：建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong) 腳手架工(gong)(gong)(gong)程 監理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作 研(yan)究

隨著國家各種建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)法律(lv)、地方法規的(de)出臺，工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設質量(liang)有了明(ming)顯提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，但與之不相適(shi)應(ying)的(de)是，施工(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)卻未(wei)能與建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)同步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，惡性安(an)(an)(an)全事故頻發。工(gong)程(cheng)監(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)位現(xian)場監(jian)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)相關業務知識(shi)的(de)缺乏也制(zhi)約了他們更(geng)好地完成(cheng)施工(gong)現(xian)場的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)。

1、建設(she)工程監理工作(zuo)的(de)特點

1.1服務性特點

在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中，監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)利用自己在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)方面的(de)(de)豐富(fu)知識(shi)、技(ji)能和(he)經驗(yan)為(wei)業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)提供智能管理(li)(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)，以滿足(zu)項目業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)對項目管理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)需求，它所(suo)獲得的(de)(de)報酬是(shi)(shi)技(ji)術(shu)服(fu)務(wu)性報酬，是(shi)(shi)腦力勞動報酬，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)一種高智能的(de)(de)有償技(ji)術(shu)服(fu)務(wu)。它的(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)對象是(shi)(shi)委托方——業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)，這(zhe)種服(fu)務(wu)性的(de)(de)活(huo)動是(shi)(shi)按照(zhao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)合同(tong)來(lai)進行的(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)受(shou)法律的(de)(de)約束(shu)和(he)保護的(de)(de)。

1.2 公正性特點

在(zai)工(gong)程建設過程中，監(jian)理(li)單位一方(fang)面(mian)要嚴格履行監(jian)理(li)合同的(de)各(ge)項義(yi)務，竭(jie)誠為業(ye)主(zhu)服務，同時應當成為公(gong)(gong)正的(de)第(di)(di)三方(fang)。也就(jiu)是(shi)以(yi)公(gong)(gong)正的(de)態度(du)對待委(wei)托方(fang)和被監(jian)理(li)方(fang)，特別是(shi)當業(ye)主(zhu)和承包商發生(sheng)利(li)益沖突時，監(jian)理(li)單位應站在(zai)第(di)(di)三方(fang)的(de)立(li)場上，公(gong)(gong)正地加以(yi)解決和處理(li)。

1.3 科學性(xing)特點

建設監理(li)單位是智力密集型組織，按(an)國際慣例，社(she)會建設監理(li)單位的(de)(de)(de)監理(li)工(gong)程(cheng)師都必須具有相應的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)歷，并有長期從(cong)事工(gong)程(cheng)建設工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)經驗，精(jing)通技(ji)術與(yu)管(guan)理(li)，通曉(xiao)經濟與(yu)法律，經權(quan)威機構考核合格(ge)并經政府主管(guan)部門登記(ji)注冊，領(ling)取證(zheng)書，方能取得(de)從(cong)業資格(ge)。因(yin)此，監理(li)工(gong)程(cheng)師是依靠科學(xue)知識和專業技(ji)術進行項目監理(li)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術管(guan)理(li)人員。

2、腳(jiao)手架工(gong)程中監(jian)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)的不足

2.1 人為因素

對于腳手(shou)(shou)架(jia)操作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)持證上(shang)崗(gang)情況的(de)(de)檢(jian)查，是(shi)現場專(zhuan)業監理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)最(zui)容易(yi)忽略的(de)(de)一個環(huan)節。施(shi)工(gong)單位(wei)中的(de)(de)自(zi)有勞務(wu)隊(dui)伍(wu)和勞務(wu)分包隊(dui)伍(wu)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)操作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)素質(zhi)良莠不齊，部分進行現場腳手(shou)(shou)架(jia)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)操作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)并沒有經過專(zhuan)業培訓，無上(shang)崗(gang)證書，且業務(wu)水平(ping)和責任心較低，直(zhi)接影響(xiang)其正確領會施(shi)工(gong)組織(zhi)設(she)計和專(zhuan)項施(shi)工(gong)方(fang)案的(de)(de)各(ge)項要求，無法正確搭建(jian)腳手(shou)(shou)架(jia)，這就為腳手(shou)(shou)架(jia)工(gong)程發生(sheng)事故留(liu)下了隱患。

2.2 機械因素

扣(kou)件式腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)的(de)扣(kou)件擰緊力矩(ju)需要用(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)工(gong)具(ju)進行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗，而承(cheng)插式腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)也(ye)需要用(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)工(gong)具(ju)進行(xing)安(an)(an)裝，工(gong)具(ju)的(de)正確使用(yong)，能夠很(hen)好的(de)保證日后手(shou)(shou)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)架(jia)的(de)安(an)(an)裝質量。而現在(zai)大多數(shu)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)施工(gong)過(guo)程中并(bing)沒有很(hen)好的(de)利用(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)些專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)工(gong)具(ju)進行(xing)安(an)(an)裝施工(gong)，監理(li)工(gong)程師檢(jian)(jian)查驗收過(guo)程中有時并(bing)沒有使用(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)工(gong)具(ju)進行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查，這(zhe)(zhe)些都影響了(le)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)的(de)安(an)(an)裝質量。

2.3 材料因素

部分腳手架(jia)租賃單位為了(le)(le)獲(huo)取更(geng)多的經濟利益，在購置鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和配(pei)件(jian)時，只圖(tu)便宜(yi)，不(bu)(bu)重質量(liang)，經常出現鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁厚(hou)不(bu)(bu)夠，配(pei)件(jian)強度(du)不(bu)(bu)足等現象。為了(le)(le)增(zeng)加運營次數(shu)，租賃單位經常繼續使用已破損的鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和配(pei)件(jian)。有的施工單位為了(le)(le)降低成(cheng)本(ben)，租賃和購置價廉(lian)質低的鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和配(pei)件(jian)。腳手架(jia)所用鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和配(pei)件(jian)一般數(shu)量(liang)較(jiao)大，進(jin)(jin)場(chang)次數(shu)較(jiao)多，這(zhe)就給現場(chang)監理人(ren)員進(jin)(jin)行(xing)材(cai)料進(jin)(jin)場(chang)驗(yan)收(shou)帶(dai)來了(le)(le)一定的難(nan)度(du)，使一些不(bu)(bu)合格產(chan)品混入施工現場(chang)，給日后腳手架(jia)搭設帶(dai)來了(le)(le)隱(yin)患(huan)。

3、腳手(shou)架工程安全監理控制重點

正式(shi)施(shi)工(gong)前，監理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應(ying)(ying)督促施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位編寫(xie)本(ben)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)腳手(shou)架(jia)(jia)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)專項(xiang)方(fang)案，并(bing)經項(xiang)目監理部審查批準后方(fang)可進行搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)。監理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)全程(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)求(qiu)施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位嚴格按照確定方(fang)案進行腳手(shou)架(jia)(jia)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)；嚴格按搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)順序(xu)和工(gong)藝(yi)要(yao)求(qiu)進行桿(gan)件(jian)的(de)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)；搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)中應(ying)(ying)采取措施(shi)，禁止非操作人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進入搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)區域(yu)；扣件(jian)應(ying)(ying)扣緊，并(bing)應(ying)(ying)注意擰緊程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)要(yao)適當；搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)中及時剔(ti)除、杜絕使(shi)用變形過大的(de)桿(gan)件(jian)和不合格的(de)桿(gan)件(jian)；搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)工(gong)人(ren)(ren)應(ying)(ying)系好安全帶，確保(bao)安全；隨時校正桿(gan)件(jian)的(de)垂直(zhi)偏差和水平偏差，使(shi)偏差限制在規定范圍之內(nei)；在搭(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，如因臨(lin)時停工(gong)，應(ying)(ying)當采取臨(lin)時措施(shi)，保(bao)證(zheng)架(jia)(jia)體(ti)的(de)安全穩定性(xing)，防止倒(dao)塌。

3.1腳手架(jia)搭設(she)人員的安全監理

腳手(shou)架(jia)搭設人(ren)(ren)(ren)員必須是經過現行(xing)國家標準《特種作業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員安全技術(shu)考(kao)核(he)(he)管理(li)規(gui)則(ze)》考(kao)核(he)(he)合格(ge)的專業(ye)架(jia)子(zi)工。監理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員應督(du)促(cu)施工單位(wei)對上(shang)(shang)崗人(ren)(ren)(ren)員進行(xing)定(ding)期體檢，以確保其(qi)身體狀況適(shi)合進行(xing)腳手(shou)架(jia)工程(cheng)作業(ye)，體檢合格(ge)者方可持證上(shang)(shang)崗。專業(ye)監理(li)工程(cheng)師(shi)在現場進行(xing)巡視時，要著重(zhong)檢查腳手(shou)架(jia)搭設人(ren)(ren)(ren)員是否正確佩戴(dai)安全帽(mao)、安全帶，是否穿防滑鞋(xie)。

3.2 腳手架使用過(guo)程中的安(an)全(quan)監理

專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)監理工(gong)程師(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)將(jiang)(jiang)對(dui)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)安全使用情況的檢(jian)查(cha)，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)每天現場巡視過程中的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容之一。監理人員應對(dui)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)層(ceng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)荷載(zai)進(jin)行復核(he)，杜絕超載(zai)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)不(bu)(bu)得(de)將(jiang)(jiang)模(mo)板支(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、纜風繩(sheng)、泵送(song)混凝土和砂漿(jiang)輸送(song)管(guan)等(deng)設(she)備固(gu)定(ding)在(zai)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)在(zai)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)懸掛起重設(she)備。當遇(yu)到六級及(ji)六級以上(shang)(shang)(shang)大風和霧、雨(yu)、雪天氣時(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)知(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)停止(zhi)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)搭設(she)和拆(chai)除作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。督促施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)在(zai)雨(yu)、雪后上(shang)(shang)(shang)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)前(qian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)加設(she)防滑措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，并掃除積雪。在(zai)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)使用期間，專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)監理工(gong)程師(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)禁(jin)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)拆(chai)除腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)主節點處的縱、橫向水平桿，縱、橫向掃地(di)(di)桿以及(ji)連墻(qiang)件。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)不(bu)(bu)得(de)在(zai)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基礎及(ji)其鄰近處進(jin)行挖(wa)掘(jue)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，如必須挖(wa)掘(jue)則(ze)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)采取必要(yao)(yao)(yao)的安全措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)時(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)報主管(guan)部門(men)批準(zhun)。對(dui)于臨街搭設(she)的腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)著(zhu)重檢(jian)查(cha)其防墜(zhui)物傷人的防護(hu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)否有效。當發現有在(zai)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)進(jin)行電、氣焊作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格核(he)查(cha)其防火措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并要(yao)(yao)(yao)求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)設(she)專(zhuan)人看守。嚴(yan)格審核(he)腳(jiao)手(shou)(shou)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)接地(di)(di)、防雷(lei)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)否符合國家規范(fan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。

篇4

關鍵(jian)詞：建筑施(shi)工工程項(xiang)目施(shi)工管理 質量(liang)控制

中圖分類號(hao)： O213.1 文獻標識(shi)碼： A 文章編號(hao)：

Abstract: the construction is the foundation of modern economic development, play an important role in the survival and development of construction project management of construction enterprise. With the development of building technology and the improvement of economic level, the requirements for quality management in building engineering construction management is also more and more high. With project management as the center, improve the quality management level, is the eternal theme of existence and development of construction enterprises.

Keywords: control the construction quality management of construction engineering project

前言：建(jian)筑業(ye)一直在我國經濟發展中占(zhan)有著重(zhong)要的地位，建(jian)筑工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)也是廣大民眾普遍關心的問題(ti)。質(zhi)量(liang)是衡(heng)量(liang)建(jian)筑工(gong)程優劣(lie)的重(zhong)要指標，所以如何加強對建(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的管理(li)，是建(jian)筑工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)全過程的重(zhong)點內(nei)容。

一(yi)、建筑施工(gong)管理的意義

建立建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)思(si)(si)路體系需(xu)要施(shi)工(gong)技術管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)努力，在建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理(li)思(si)(si)路體系建立的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中必須由具有豐富工(gong)作經驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員和資深的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)專家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)共同努力。除(chu)此之(zhi)外，還需(xu)要積極吸(xi)取世(shi)界(jie)先進的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)措施(shi)，學(xue)習(xi)和借鑒國(guo)(guo)內外先進的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)行業施(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)理(li)論和經驗(yan)，根據中國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)行業實際情況來建立一套相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)思(si)(si)路體系。

1.1適應構建和諧(xie)社會的需要，進一步確保(bao)工(gong)程質量安全。把施工(gong)現場質量管理(li)的相關要素最(zui)大(da)限(xian)度(du)地(di)整合，使其系統化(hua)(hua)、規范化(hua)(hua)、信息化(hua)(hua)、精細(xi)化(hua)(hua)，符合工(gong)地(di)管理(li)的發(fa)展方向，最(zui)大(da)限(xian)度(du)地(di)減少質量安全事故(gu)，為構建和諧(xie)社會做貢獻(xian)。

1.2適應創(chuang)建(jian)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)型社(she)會的(de)需要，提高(gao)企業經濟(ji)效益和(he)社(she)會效益。把(ba)(ba)科學管(guan)理落實到(dao)工地的(de)每個(ge)細節(jie)(jie)、每個(ge)過程(cheng)(cheng)、每個(ge)崗位，使各(ge)項管(guan)理流程(cheng)(cheng)程(cheng)(cheng)序化，實現對現場的(de)準確(que)、快速、全過程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)監管(guan)，不(bu)僅有利于現有施工規(gui)范(fan)條件下的(de)生產節(jie)(jie)約(yue)、降(jiang)低成(cheng)本，而且(qie)有利于把(ba)(ba)建(jian)筑節(jie)(jie)能新技(ji)術(shu)、新產品真正運用的(de)實踐中，加(jia)快技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)新，促(cu)進(jin)技(ji)術(shu)進(jin)步，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)立循(xun)環(huan)經濟(ji)模式和(he)創(chuang)建(jian)“節(jie)(jie)約(yue)型社(she)會”。

1.3適應(ying)建設文(wen)明(ming)社(she)會(hui)的(de)需要，提(ti)(ti)高產業文(wen)明(ming)度，提(ti)(ti)升行業新形(xing)象。建筑工(gong)(gong)地(di)的(de)“臟(zang)、亂、差(cha)”給人們(men)留下很差(cha)印象。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理，可以進一步強化文(wen)明(ming)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，改變場(chang)容(rong)場(chang)貌秩序化，并不斷增(zeng)強農民工(gong)(gong)的(de)文(wen)明(ming)意識從而全方位地(di)提(ti)(ti)高產業文(wen)明(ming)度，提(ti)(ti)升產業新形(xing)象。

1.4適應時展的需(xu)要，提高企業管(guan)(guan)理(li)水平和監管(guan)(guan)水平。施工管(guan)(guan)理(li)把原來比較(jiao)分散的質量、安全、隊(dui)伍(wu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)等各(ge)項重點管(guan)(guan)理(li)要求有(you)機地(di)整(zheng)合串(chuan)聯起(qi)來，形(xing)成一個清(qing)晰、明確(que)的鏈條，有(you)利于企業學習掌握和在實踐中(zhong)有(you)效貫徹(che)。

二、把好施工質(zhi)量(liang)管理與(yu)控制(zhi)

質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)要(yao)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)服好務，必(bi)須(xu)做到(dao)(dao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)把關(guan)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝改進、經驗總結、持續前(qian)進。同時，需要(yao)在項(xiang)目管理組(zu)(zu)織中有決策力、有執行力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管理體系(xi)來保證。 必(bi)須(xu)正(zheng)確對待工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)(du)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)效益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辯證關(guan)系(xi)，從理解、支持和(he)(he)認同質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性上(shang)統籌兼顧，合理安排，狠抓落實，使得質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管理組(zu)(zu)織發揮有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),由于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)期長、投資(zi)大(da)、露天作(zuo)業(ye)受外界環境(jing)影響(xiang)大(da)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)復雜、影響(xiang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素多(duo)，如設(she)計、材料、機械、地形、地質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、水文、氣象(xiang)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、操作(zuo)方法、技術措施(shi)(shi)(shi)、管理制度(du)(du)等(deng)均直接影響(xiang)著工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較難(nan)控制，如使用(yong)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微小差異、操作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微小變化(hua)、環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微小波動，都會產(chan)生(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)變異，造成(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)事故。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞與人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活密切相關(guan) 關(guan)系(xi)到(dao)(dao)國家(jia)和(he)(he)人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命、財產(chan)安全，所以施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管理與控制至關(guan)重要(yao)。2.1強(qiang)化(hua)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控制

提前做(zuo)好(hao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)是一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎，也(ye)是建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)前提，做(zuo)好(hao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)是建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)整體(ti)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)依據。根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)文(wen)件科(ke)學合(he)(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制定(ding)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，標注(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點與質量(liang)控制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵點，要(yao)使各項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作可以順利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進行，按照計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)有序的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展。在建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，作為施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位要(yao)提前勘察現(xian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)布局(ju)及各種物料存放等做(zuo)出(chu)科(ke)學且合(he)(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，以滿足工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求。

2.2合(he)理控制設計的(de)圖紙

設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)圖紙(zhi)是建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心，重要(yao)性(xing)不言(yan)而喻。這(zhe)就要(yao)求施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單位在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)前(qian)與(yu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)師進(jin)行提(ti)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溝通(tong)，全面(mian)了解與(yu)掌握設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)思想與(yu)具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，然后對關(guan)鍵的(de)(de)(de)(de)部門要(yao)進(jin)行重點的(de)(de)(de)(de)標記，便于在后續(xu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)別(bie)注意。同時(shi)(shi)，在進(jin)行圖紙(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)審核(he)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，要(yao)仔細的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)中是否存在錯(cuo)漏或者是不妥的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方，要(yao)及時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)正。另外，必須考(kao)慮到工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)操(cao)作性(xing)，不能脫(tuo)離(li)實(shi)際(ji)。

2.3控(kong)制好材料(liao)及(ji)設備和構(gou)件的質量

建(jian)筑(zhu)材料與(yu)構件對(dui)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程的整體質量(liang)具有(you)十(shi)分重要(yao)(yao)的影響，要(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格遵循材料的質量(liang)控制原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)，要(yao)(yao)遵循三(san)證原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)，所有(you)的材料都要(yao)(yao)具備廠(chang)家的各類質保資(zi)料與(yu)文件要(yao)(yao)求，對(dui)于進場的實物質量(liang)要(yao)(yao)進行檢查(cha)，不合格產品嚴(yan)禁進入現場，經過(guo)檢驗合格后方可使用。

2.4控制好建筑工程的施(shi)工質量(liang)

要(yao)想控制(zhi)(zhi)好建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，就必(bi)須要(yao)嚴格(ge)遵(zun)循(xun)建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位要(yao)建(jian)立(li)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)機制(zhi)(zhi)，對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中的(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)狀況及變動(dong)(dong)采(cai)取動(dong)(dong)態(tai)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)模式，加(jia)強(qiang)現(xian)場監理(li)(li)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)巡檢與旁站，控制(zhi)(zhi)好施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中的(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)狀態(tai)。另外，也可以通(tong)過現(xian)場監理(li)(li)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)巡檢與旁站，掌握具體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)情況變化，一旦發現(xian)問題，立(li)即(ji)采(cai)取必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)措施(shi)加(jia)以制(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)，保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。采(cai)取有效的(de)(de)手段強(qiang)化現(xian)場的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)，保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程技術(shu)參數和(he)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝指標的(de)(de)合理(li)(li)性(xing)與準確性(xing)，保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程整體(ti)(ti)(ti)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)一直(zhi)在控制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)范圍之(zhi)內。

2.5科學的設置質量控制點

建(jian)筑工(gong)程在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)前(qian)除了調查當地的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)外(wai)，還必須要(yao)(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)握施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)項目的(de)具(ju)體情(qing)況(kuang)，在進(jin)(jin)行(xing)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)前(qian)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)項目的(de)整體情(qing)況(kuang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)科學的(de)分析與(yu)研究，并根據不同的(de)標(biao)準對(dui)其進(jin)(jin)行(xing)細(xi)化與(yu)分類，針對(dui)薄弱環節(jie)，質量問(wen)題及關(guan)鍵的(de)部位(wei)要(yao)(yao)(yao)做好預(yu)防(fang)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)于施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)中的(de)關(guan)鍵部位(wei)和(he)薄弱環節(jie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)作為施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量的(de)控制(zhi)關(guan)鍵點(dian)(dian)，運(yun)用(yong)科學的(de)原理對(dui)質量控制(zhi)點(dian)(dian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)準確(que)的(de)分析與(yu)定位(wei)，運(yun)用(yong)嚴謹且(qie)準確(que)的(de)質量控制(zhi)點(dian)(dian)來保證工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)整體質量。

三、 建立健全(quan)工程質(zhi)量成本(ben)管理組織(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)

3.1首先，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)理(li)應(ying)(ying)納入企(qi)(qi)業總會計(ji)師的(de)(de)(de)職責(ze)(ze)(ze)范圍，并由其負(fu)(fu)總責(ze)(ze)(ze)，企(qi)(qi)業財務(wu)(wu)部(bu)和(he)(he)企(qi)(qi)業質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)負(fu)(fu)專(zhuan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)，實(shi)行分級、歸口管(guan)理(li)。各項目(mu)經(jing)理(li)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)內部(bu)損失(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，工程竣工后用戶回訪(fang)部(bu)門(men)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)外(wai)部(bu)損失(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)鑒定(ding)企(qi)(qi)業成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制的(de)(de)(de)總體目(mu)標。其次，財務(wu)(wu)部(bu)門(men)和(he)(he)工程預算(suan)部(bu)門(men)要(yao)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)計(ji)劃的(de)(de)(de)編(bian)制，設立質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)控制指標體系，考核(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)部(bu)門(men)計(ji)劃完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)和(he)(he)獎(jiang)勵懲罰，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)制定(ding)優化(hua)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)決策，監督考核(he)(he)各個部(bu)門(men)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)計(ji)劃完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)。根據(ju)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)提出分析和(he)(he)改進措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，組織質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)計(ji)劃實(shi)施(shi)(shi)，第三，各項目(mu)經(jing)理(li)根據(ju)下達的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)計(ji)劃，提出本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)項目(mu)經(jing)理(li)應(ying)(ying)執行的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)相應(ying)(ying)意見，編(bian)制責(ze)(ze)(ze)任預算(suan)，記錄實(shi)際(ji)執行和(he)(he)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)情況(kuang)，定(ding)期報送真實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)項目(mu)經(jing)理(li)部(bu)還要(yao)將承(cheng)擔的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工項目(mu)預算(suan)與(yu)實(shi)際(ji)發生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)相比較，分析實(shi)際(ji)與(yu)預算(suan)之間(jian)產生差(cha)異的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)，提高、改進成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)理(li)。

3.2在建筑工(gong)程施工(gong)過(guo)程中，施工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)應當強(qiang)化(hua)材料購買、人工(gong)成本及項目(mu)預算等諸多環節的管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)作，從而將(jiang)項目(mu)成本的預測和(he)控制(zhi)(zhi)落(luo)到實(shi)處，克(ke)服項目(mu)管(guan)(guan)理體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)中“包盈不(bu)包虧”的問題。要加強(qiang)企(qi)業(ye)定額(e)的管(guan)(guan)理，實(shi)現(xian)用(yong)定額(e)來(lai)進(jin)行編制(zhi)(zhi)計劃和(he)組織生產，使(shi)用(yong)定額(e)進(jin)行核算，以此來(lai)有(you)效地提高經濟效益。另(ling)外，還要切實(shi)落(luo)實(shi)和(he)貫徹(che)《企(qi)業(ye)財務通則(ze)》及《企(qi)業(ye)會計準則(ze)》等財務制(zhi)(zhi)度，加強(qiang)財務審計監督，減少不(bu)合理的開支，縮減管(guan)(guan)理費用(yong)，提高資金的使(shi)用(yong)效率。

四、竣(jun)工(gong)驗(yan)收(shou)階段的質量控制

4.1單位工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)后(hou)，必須進(jin)行最終(zhong)檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)和實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)。單位工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)負責人(ren)(ren)應按編制(zhi)竣工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)收集整(zheng)理材料(liao)(liao)、設備、構件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量合(he)格(ge)證明材料(liao)(liao)，各種材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)資(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)、隱蔽工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)記錄(lu)(lu)，施工(gong)(gong)記錄(lu)(lu)等(deng)質量記錄(lu)(lu)，其整(zheng)理歸(gui)檔按CB/T50328-2001《建設工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文件(jian)歸(gui)檔整(zheng)理規(gui)(gui)范》規(gui)(gui)定執(zhi)行。由(you)項(xiang)目(mu)技(ji)術(shu)負責人(ren)(ren)組(zu)織項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)、質量、生產等(deng)有關專業技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員到現場進(jin)行檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)評定。對查出的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)質量缺陷應予以(yi)糾(jiu)正，并(bing)且應在(zai)糾(jiu)正后(hou)再次驗(yan)(yan)(yan)證以(yi)證實(shi)其符(fu)合(he)性。確認工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量符(fu)合(he)標(biao)準設計文件(jian)及合(he)同(tong)要求(qiu)。向發(fa)包人(ren)(ren)、監理部提出工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)報告。參加由(you)建設單位組(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)各方(fang)主體參與(yu)的(de)(de)(de)竣工(gong)(gong)初驗(yan)(yan)(yan)、驗(yan)(yan)(yan)收程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序。

4.2加強施工項目(mu)安(an)全生(sheng)產和文明(ming)施工的(de)管(guan)理

工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)安(an)(an)全管(guan)理，即(ji)是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)在進(jin)行(xing)過程(cheng)(cheng)當中，實施(shi)安(an)(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)所有活動，依據(ju)對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)要素的(de)詳細(xi)控制，消除一些(xie)不(bu)安(an)(an)全的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)行(xing)為(wei)，因而(er)保證施(shi)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)正常實施(shi)，不(bu)發生(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)事故。實行(xing)安(an)(an)全管(guan)理原則，就要堅持(chi)安(an)(an)全和生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)并行(xing)，安(an)(an)全和生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)必(bi)須同時(shi)抓，確保生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)安(an)(an)全，從而(er)保證生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)正常進(jin)行(xing)。

篇5

【關鍵詞】運作(zuo)質(zhi)量、項目管理、施工技術

建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)創新和(he)發展，是(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)生存和(he)發展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要保(bao)障。而加(jia)強施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)是(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)提(ti)升(sheng)經濟效益以及對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)成本進(jin)行控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要方法，其已經成為現代建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)重(zhong)中之重(zhong)。本文在對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)中的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)意義以及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)存在的(de)(de)主要問(wen)題(ti)分析的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，從建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)不同(tong)階段入手，探討加(jia)強建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)中的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)措施(shi)(shi)。

一(yi)、建(jian)筑工程施工技(ji)術管理中存在的(de)主要問(wen)題

1.施工技術管理體(ti)系不健全(quan)

建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程項目管理中的(de)施(shi)工(gong)技術管理體系不(bu)(bu)健全主(zhu)要體現在(zai)(zai)管理制度不(bu)(bu)完善和相關職(zhi)責履行(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)夠兩方面，首先由(you)于(yu)(yu)缺乏嚴格(ge)的(de)執行(xing)(xing)力(li)量(liang)(liang)，使得建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)質量(liang)(liang)保證體系不(bu)(bu)能切實運行(xing)(xing)，各種獎懲制度以及自檢(jian)和報監(jian)程序不(bu)(bu)能落實；其次對于(yu)(yu)施(shi)工(gong)企業來說(shuo)，雖然其大多(duo)數的(de)施(shi)工(gong)項目在(zai)(zai)實施(shi)過程中都確定(ding)了(le)相關職(zhi)能部門及人員的(de)主(zhu)要職(zhi)責，但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)實際(ji)情(qing)況中其職(zhi)責的(de)履行(xing)(xing)能力(li)較(jiao)差，并且(qie)對于(yu)(yu)中存在(zai)(zai)的(de)質量(liang)(liang)缺陷(xian)問(wen)題往往采用(yong)自行(xing)(xing)解決的(de)辦法，不(bu)(bu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)上報處理。

2.施工(gong)技(ji)術管理(li)措施執行(xing)力(li)度(du)差

首(shou)先作(zuo)為最(zui)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術資料(liao)(liao)，部分(fen)建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)并沒(mei)有(you)在(zai)(zai)相關(guan)規定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu)下對其進行記錄(lu)收(shou)集和整理，導致工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術資料(liao)(liao)與(yu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度不(bu)一(yi)致，對建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目(mu)管(guan)理產(chan)生了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)影響。其次，在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)嚴格遵守項目(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案及(ji)安(an)全(quan)方(fang)案，產(chan)生了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)全(quan)與(yu)質量(liang)隱(yin)患。第三(san)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術管(guan)理措施(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術管(guan)理資料(liao)(liao)存在(zai)(zai)著一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)漏洞，造(zao)成各項施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術管(guan)理措施(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)法(fa)順(shun)利有(you)效執行。

3.施工技(ji)術(shu)管理人員水平參差不齊

施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)水平(ping)的(de)(de)缺(que)失主要是因為(wei)在當前建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)建設項目數量的(de)(de)不(bu)斷增多(duo)以(yi)及建筑(zhu)市(shi)場的(de)(de)急劇擴增，使(shi)得經驗(yan)豐富的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)缺(que)失情況(kuang)較(jiao)為(wei)嚴(yan)重，以(yi)致于(yu)當前建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)項目管(guan)理(li)(li)崗(gang)位(wei)上的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)水平(ping)相對(dui)較(jiao)低、工(gong)作經驗(yan)不(bu)足，對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作產(chan)生(sheng)了不(bu)利影響。

二、提升(sheng)建筑工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術管(guan)理的重要意義

1.有利(li)于(yu)施工(gong)企業綜合效益(yi)的提升

在(zai)當前的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)競爭(zheng)白熱化階段，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)所(suo)面臨的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)競爭(zheng)愈發激烈、市(shi)場(chang)利潤越來越少。而作為建筑工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，在(zai)保證施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量(liang)的(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)材(cai)料等固化條件相對(dui)是固定(ding)不動的(de)(de)，唯一(yi)加強企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)市(shi)場(chang)綜合競爭(zheng)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)途徑就是提(ti)(ti)升施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)水平，從而在(zai)科學、系統、全面的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)基礎上(shang)，將(jiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)優勢轉(zhuan)變為生產優勢，并(bing)通過(guo)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝控制、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量(liang)控制以及施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)安全事故控制，避免施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中存在(zai)的(de)(de)各種質量(liang)問題，最終達到提(ti)(ti)升企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜合效益的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。

2.有利于企(qi)業綜合管(guan)理水平的提升

施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)作為建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程項目管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)重(zhong)要組成部(bu)分，其也是施工(gong)(gong)企業當(dang)前生存和(he)發揮的(de)重(zhong)要任務之一，更是企業綜(zong)合管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)能力的(de)體現。施工(gong)(gong)企業在建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，通過(guo)完(wan)善(shan)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)體系的(de)構建(jian)，帶動(dong)了各項管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)流程和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)開展，最終提升了企業綜(zong)合管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水平。

三、不(bu)同施工階段的建筑工程施工技術(shu)管(guan)理

1.施工準備階段

施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)準(zhun)備(bei)階段的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)首先應進(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)標準(zhun)制度的(de)(de)(de)制定，其(qi)次(ci)進(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)計(ji)審核和責任(ren)劃分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)標準(zhun)即是(shi)保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目安全(quan)和質量的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)前提，也是(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎。作(zuo)為施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理人(ren)員，在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)準(zhun)備(bei)階段應做(zuo)好(hao)對各個施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機械設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)標準(zhun)檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，對于出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)質量問題應追溯至直接責任(ren)人(ren)，并執行(xing)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)懲罰措施(shi)(shi)。另一方面(mian)，應在(zai)對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)計(ji)方案熟悉掌握的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上，在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)際情況(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)巡查并做(zuo)好(hao)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)交底工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。對于建(jian)(jian)設(she)初(chu)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)項目來(lai)說(shuo)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理人(ren)員還應做(zuo)好(hao)各個部門的(de)(de)(de)責任(ren)與權力劃分(fen)，確保各部門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)確落實(shi)，從而施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)標準(zhun)要(yao)求下(xia)，使建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量得到有(you)效(xiao)保障。

2.施工進行階段

施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)階(jie)段的建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量管理的關(guan)鍵環節，其(qi)首(shou)先應注(zhu)意(yi)度(du)具(ju)有(you)一定(ding)隱(yin)蔽性質(zhi)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程環節的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)及質(zhi)量檢(jian)查(cha)，其(qi)次應注(zhu)意(yi)對(dui)(dui)新技術(shu)和新工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的應用要與施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)相應的溝通，避免出現問(wen)題。第(di)三，對(dui)(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)料及設備(bei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)驗和管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，保證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的基礎質(zhi)量。第(di)四，對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)以及施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)計劃(hua)安(an)排(pai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)相應的調整和安(an)排(pai)，在進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)不同部門(men)的較差(cha)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業時，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管理人員應做好相應部門(men)之間的協調處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

3.施工竣工階段

竣工(gong)(gong)階(jie)段施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)人員首先應(ying)做的(de)(de)(de)是對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程整體(ti)施工(gong)(gong)質量的(de)(de)(de)審查，確(que)保工(gong)(gong)程質量能夠符(fu)合(he)標準要求(qiu)。其(qi)(qi)次應(ying)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)個環節進行(xing)(xing)質量檢查，在(zai)公正(zheng)、合(he)法的(de)(de)(de)前提下對(dui)其(qi)(qi)和(he)個性(xing)進行(xing)(xing)比較，對(dui)于(yu)出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)要求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)進行(xing)(xing)返(fan)工(gong)(gong)處(chu)理(li)，確(que)保工(gong)(gong)程項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)個環節符(fu)合(he)質量要求(qiu)。最后施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)人員應(ying)做好(hao)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)經驗總結(jie)工(gong)(gong)作，對(dui)施工(gong)(gong)過程中存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)及薄弱技(ji)術(shu)(shu)環節做好(hao)記錄和(he)分(fen)析處(chu)理(li)，在(zai)分(fen)析和(he)總結(jie)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上提出(chu)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進建議，從而進一步提升建筑施工(gong)(gong)企業施工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)水平。

四、提升(sheng)施工技術管理水平的措(cuo)施

1.健全(quan)施工技術管(guan)理體系

全面覆蓋的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)才(cai)是有效的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)本身具有施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)長、投入資金大、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)復雜多(duo)樣等(deng)特點，所以(yi)對(dui)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)應在(zai)宏觀把(ba)握的(de)(de)(de)基礎上從細微環(huan)節入手，建(jian)立起完善的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系(xi)，以(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目投招標(biao)為起點，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)驗收為重點，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)各個施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)節進行合(he)理(li)(li)(li)、科學的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)各個管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)環(huan)節在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系(xi)中(zhong)都有據可依。

2.強化對(dui)各(ge)項施工技術標(biao)準規范的掌握

建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)項(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)中的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作的(de)(de)重要(yao)依據(ju)是施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準，按照等級不同其主要(yao)可(ke)以分(fen)為國家標(biao)準、企業標(biao)準以及(ji)地方標(biao)準。正是由(you)于這(zhe)些標(biao)準的(de)(de)強制性(xing)(xing)，才更能顯現出施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理(li)重要(yao)意義和權(quan)威性(xing)(xing)。作為施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)，應在對各種技(ji)術(shu)規范的(de)(de)學習和了(le)解基礎(chu)上(shang)，熟(shu)練(lian)掌(zhang)握施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理(li)共組的(de)(de)各項(xiang)要(yao)求(qiu)以及(ji)標(biao)準方法。

3.加(jia)強施工圖(tu)紙審(shen)查

施工圖(tu)紙(zhi)是建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)施工項目(mu)的(de)(de)重要施工依(yi)據，對于施工圖(tu)紙(zhi)的(de)(de)審(shen)查工作應(ying)(ying)從工程(cheng)(cheng)施工開(kai)展就(jiu)進(jin)(jin)行，從而在(zai)(zai)工程(cheng)(cheng)開(kai)工前(qian)能對工程(cheng)(cheng)設計(ji)(ji)特點及設計(ji)(ji)意圖(tu)有一個良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)掌握，對可能存(cun)在(zai)(zai)施工質量問(wen)題以(yi)及施工技術薄弱環節進(jin)(jin)行重點監督管理。在(zai)(zai)對施工圖(tu)紙(zhi)審(shen)查完畢后還應(ying)(ying)進(jin)(jin)行相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)互審(shen)和會審(shen)工作，在(zai)(zai)充(chong)分結合工程(cheng)(cheng)實際情況(kuang)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上提出相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)技術性建(jian)議(yi)，確保工程(cheng)(cheng)施工的(de)(de)順利進(jin)(jin)行。

結語

建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程項目管理(li)中(zhong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)應是貫穿于整個施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程的(de)，應在(zai)對當(dang)前施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)作存在(zai)的(de)主要問題(ti)分析的(de)基礎上，應通(tong)過加強建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)項目的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)準備階段(duan)、工(gong)(gong)程實施(shi)(shi)階段(duan)以及(ji)竣工(gong)(gong)階段(duan)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)作，健全施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)體系、完(wan)善(shan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖紙設計、加強對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)標準規范的(de)了解和掌握相結(jie)合(he)，探索出一條有效的(de)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)項目技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)方法，使施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)水(shui)平及(ji)綜合(he)管理(li)水(shui)平進一步提升。

參考文獻：

[1]王石(shi)，建筑工程施(shi)工中(zhong)存在的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)及(ji)施(shi)工技術管理(li)的(de)(de)探討[J].中(zhong)國住宅設計，2010（12）：46-47

[2]楊要邦(bang)，工程施工技術和項目管理的協調配合(he)分析[J].中(zhong)國房地產業，2013（4）：206-206

[3]呂可愛(ai)，淺論新時(shi)期工(gong)程施工(gong)技術及項目管(guan)理[J].建材與裝飾(shi)：下(xia)旬，2013（2）：121-122

篇6

1強化(hua)責任(ren)意識，不斷激(ji)發工(gong)作熱(re)情

當(dang)(dang)前(qian)，就總體(ti)而言，廣(guang)大(da)(da)護理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)穩定(ding)，愛(ai)(ai)(ai)崗敬業，勤奮(fen)工(gong)作，積(ji)極進(jin)取，事業心責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)感是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)。但不(bu)(bu)(bu)可否認，部分同志也(ye)(ye)存在一(yi)(yi)些問題(ti)，諸(zhu)如：有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)奉獻意識淡化，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)怕苦(ku)(ku)怕累情緒(xu)滋(zi)長(chang)，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)吃虧思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)抬頭(tou)，還有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)失(shi)落(luo)感增加等等。這些直接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量，影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)醫院的(de)(de)(de)全面發(fa)展。俗話說，熱(re)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最好的(de)(de)(de)老(lao)師。因(yin)此，解決(jue)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)認識問題(ti)，強(qiang)化護理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)事業心責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)感，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)前(qian)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)理中必須著(zhu)(zhu)力解決(jue)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)加強(qiang)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)教育。要(yao)緊(jin)密(mi)結合實(shi)(shi)際(ji)，廣(guang)泛進(jin)行熱(re)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、奉獻供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、建(jian)設供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業道德教育，使(shi)大(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)充分認識供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可有(you)(you)可無(wu)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)大(da)(da)力加強(qiang)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)關緊(jin)要(yao)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直接(jie)關系到(dao)患者的(de)(de)(de)生命安危(wei)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)用(yong)武之地，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)有(you)(you)可為。在供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作，同樣(yang)崗位光榮(rong)，責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)重(zhong)大(da)(da)，從而自(zi)(zi)覺(jue)把個(ge)(ge)人(ren)利益(yi)與國家(jia)(jia)、集體(ti)和(he)(he)人(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)利益(yi)緊(jin)密(mi)聯系在一(yi)(yi)起(qi)，正確處理好相互之間的(de)(de)(de)關系，發(fa)揚無(wu)私奉獻精神，努力實(shi)(shi)踐熱(re)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)祖國、熱(re)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)人(ren)民、熱(re)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)崗位、恪(ke)盡職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業道德、牢固樹立起(qi)立足本職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、建(jian)功立業的(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)建(jian)立、完善(shan)崗位責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)。供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作與臨(lin)床科(ke)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)著(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)特點，其人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)(ze)與臨(lin)床科(ke)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既有(you)(you)相同之處，也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同區別。應(ying)根據上(shang)級的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)關規定(ding)和(he)(he)本院及科(ke)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)特點，本著(zhu)(zhu)立足本職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、著(zhu)(zhu)眼實(shi)(shi)際(ji)、突出(chu)重(zhong)點、簡明(ming)易行的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則，科(ke)學(xue)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)出(chu)各類(lei)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)(ze)，使(shi)每個(ge)(ge)崗位上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)明(ming)確自(zi)(zi)己應(ying)該干什么，有(you)(you)什么要(yao)求(qiu)，應(ying)負什么責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。通過(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)和(he)(he)規范崗位職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)(ze)，使(shi)其職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權明(ming)晰，責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)到(dao)人(ren)，變“千斤重(zhong)擔大(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)挑，人(ren)人(ren)肩上(shang)有(you)(you)目標(biao)”。三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)領(ling)導要(yao)率(lv)先垂范。領(ling)導的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范帶頭(tou)作用(yong)至關重(zhong)要(yao)。作為科(ke)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)領(ling)導，要(yao)克服管(guan)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)受管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，自(zi)(zi)覺(jue)加強(qiang)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)修養(yang)，始終將自(zi)(zi)己置(zhi)于領(ling)導和(he)(he)群眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)嚴格(ge)監(jian)督之下(xia)。平時(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)別人(ren)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)，自(zi)(zi)己首先做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)；要(yao)求(qiu)別人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)做(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)，自(zi)(zi)己帶頭(tou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)做(zuo)(zuo)。具體(ti)說，要(yao)努力成(cheng)為以下(xia)五個(ge)(ge)模(mo)范，即安心本職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、穩定(ding)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范；愛(ai)(ai)(ai)崗敬業、勤奮(fen)工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范；刻苦(ku)(ku)鉆(zhan)研、積(ji)極進(jin)取的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范；樂于助人(ren)、團結協作的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范；廉(lian)潔(jie)自(zi)(zi)律、遵章(zhang)守法的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)范。領(ling)導帶頭(tou)做(zuo)(zuo)好了，大(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)就會跟著(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)、照著(zhu)(zhu)做(zuo)(zuo)。

2強化素質意識，努(nu)力(li)提高工(gong)作技能

現代(dai)醫院(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)新配置了許多(duo)儀器(qi)和(he)(he)設備(bei)，如脈動真空(kong)蒸汽滅菌器(qi)、微粒分析儀、超聲波清洗機(ji)、臭氧消(xiao)毒(du)器(qi)等(deng)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)人(ren)員，只有具備(bei)過(guo)硬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術，熟(shu)練(lian)掌(zhang)握這些(xie)儀器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、原(yuan)理和(he)(he)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)程，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)適應工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)需要，確保工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)量，不(bu)斷跟(gen)上(shang)現代(dai)醫學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展。為此(ci)，提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業務素質(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又(you)一(yi)(yi)重要問題。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)要認真抓好在(zai)職學習(xi)。醫院(yuan)和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)要通過(guo)短期集(ji)(ji)訓、以會代(dai)訓、組織(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業、自學指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)、定(ding)期測驗(yan)等(deng)多(duo)種形式，組織(zhi)(zhi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)人(ren)員學習(xi)上(shang)級有關文件、醫院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體規(gui)(gui)定(ding)以及專業知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)相關學科(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)與一(yi)(yi)些(xie)先(xian)進(jin)經(jing)驗(yan)，以便使之熟(shu)悉和(he)(he)了解上(shang)級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有關精神，國內外消(xiao)毒(du)滅菌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新技(ji)術、新進(jin)展、新設備(bei)，不(bu)斷更(geng)新知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)，汲取經(jing)驗(yan)，提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，增強做好工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本領。二是(shi)(shi)要把抓工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)有機(ji)結合起(qi)(qi)來。對科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)人(ren)員每逢交待任(ren)務前(qian)(qian)，要組織(zhi)(zhi)學習(xi)有關文件和(he)(he)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，幫(bang)(bang)助明(ming)確工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)路數；任(ren)務完成后，要與其一(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)總結經(jing)驗(yan)教訓，找出規(gui)(gui)律性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東西，把實踐經(jing)驗(yan)上(shang)升到(dao)理性(xing)(xing)高(gao)度。三(san)是(shi)(shi)要適時(shi)組織(zhi)(zhi)崗位互(hu)換鍛煉。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應室(shi)(shi)負(fu)責全院(yuan)各科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)所需器(qi)材、物品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保障供(gong)(gong)(gong)應，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量大(da)業務繁雜，且往(wang)往(wang)由于人(ren)員缺(que)少而不(bu)夠用，一(yi)(yi)人(ren)要兼管幾項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因(yin)此(ci)，為提高(gao)大(da)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，使之不(bu)僅能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)獨擋(dang)一(yi)(yi)面，而且能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)一(yi)(yi)專多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，一(yi)(yi)職多(duo)用，科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)應根據情(qing)況，適時(shi)組織(zhi)(zhi)崗位互(hu)換鍛煉，并(bing)有意識(shi)(shi)地(di)把素質(zhi)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同志調整到(dao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)艱巨(ju)、條(tiao)件艱苦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崗位上(shang)去摔(shuai)打(da)，不(bu)斷豐富其工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)閱(yue)歷，增長(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)才(cai)干。四是(shi)(shi)要搞好傳、幫(bang)(bang)、帶(dai)。院(yuan)領導(dao)(dao)和(he)(he)護理部以及科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)護士長(chang)要把傳、幫(bang)(bang)、帶(dai)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為重要職責，結合召(zhao)集(ji)(ji)會議(yi)、下科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)，有針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)地(di)教方法、傳經(jing)驗(yan)、帶(dai)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)風，一(yi)(yi)點一(yi)(yi)滴地(di)幫(bang)(bang)助大(da)家提高(gao)素質(zhi)。尤其是(shi)(shi)在(zai)當前(qian)(qian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)人(ren)員文化層次偏低、知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)結構參差不(bu)齊、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)經(jing)驗(yan)缺(que)乏(fa)、開展工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)難(nan)度較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為領導(dao)(dao)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)(yi)布置了事，只提要求不(bu)具體指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)，要一(yi)(yi)塊研(yan)究具體落(luo)實措(cuo)施。

3 強化質(zhi)量意識(shi)，嚴(yan)格標準(zhun)化管理

“質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)就是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)命(ming)”，這(zhe)在(zai)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)體現(xian)得(de)十分充分。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)稍有(you)(you)忽略，即有(you)(you)可能(neng)(neng)造成(cheng)臨床科(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)輸液反應(ying)、手術感染甚至醫療事(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)，直接危及到患者的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命(ming)安全(quan)。因(yin)此(ci)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)問題(ti)應(ying)是(shi)(shi)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心，必須慎之又慎，嚴(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)又嚴(yan)(yan)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)出(chu)現(xian)任何粗(cu)疏(shu)。一是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)明(ming)確(que)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據國家(jia)和(he)省衛生(sheng)部門下達的(de)(de)(de)(de)“醫療消毒(du)供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)驗(yan)收標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通知”要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，切實(shi)搞好(hao)硬件建設，包括房屋(wu)建設和(he)基礎(chu)設施建設，確(que)保有(you)(you)一個(ge)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)環(huan)境(jing)。同時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)建立完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，從護士長管(guan)理(li)、科(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員崗位責任制(zhi)、環(huan)境(jing)和(he)技術管(guan)理(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、無菌(jun)物品管(guan)理(li)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監測(ce)等方面(mian)均要(yao)(yao)(yao)明(ming)確(que)考(kao)評標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，且(qie)每(mei)(mei)項(xiang)都(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求及量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)化(hua)(hua)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)。從而(er)(er)使(shi)大家(jia)都(dou)能(neng)(neng)明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遵循，進(jin)而(er)(er)為(wei)保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)奠(dian)定(ding)一個(ge)堅(jian)實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范。供(gong)應(ying)室(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)獨立性強，許多操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)由個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單獨完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員雖然不(bu)接觸患者，但操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)(mei)一個(ge)環(huan)節都(dou)和(he)患者的(de)(de)(de)(de)健康有(you)(you)著密切的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系。如物品的(de)(de)(de)(de)回收、清(qing)洗、包裝、消毒(du)滅(mie)菌(jun)、監測(ce)等，每(mei)(mei)道程序都(dou)有(you)(you)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)。如有(you)(you)不(bu)慎，就可能(neng)(neng)釀(niang)成(cheng)不(bu)可挽回的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)失。因(yin)此(ci)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)教育每(mei)(mei)個(ge)科(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員不(bu)斷強化(hua)(hua)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)意識，自覺按(an)(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)辦事(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)按(an)(an)程序操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)隨意簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)，確(que)保在(zai)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)范圍(wei)內(nei)不(bu)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)問題(ti)。使(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)從“事(shi)后檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)”變(bian)“事(shi)先(xian)預(yu)防”，使(shi)“事(shi)后處理(li)”變(bian)“事(shi)前把(ba)關(guan)(guan)”。三是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)認真把(ba)好(hao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)關(guan)(guan)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)建立護理(li)部、護士長、科(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)小(xiao)組三級管(guan)理(li)體系，實(shi)行(xing)(xing)層層把(ba)關(guan)(guan)。護理(li)部每(mei)(mei)月應(ying)采取(qu)定(ding)期檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)和(he)隨機抽查(cha)(cha)相結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法加(jia)強全(quan)面(mian)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)，對重點工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)容易被忽視的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)環(huan)節，要(yao)(yao)(yao)做到細查(cha)(cha)、深(shen)查(cha)(cha)、嚴(yan)(yan)查(cha)(cha)。護士長要(yao)(yao)(yao)跟班(ban)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)，以便(bian)隨時(shi)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)問題(ti)，及時(shi)堵塞工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)漏洞。質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)小(xiao)組要(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)常分析形勢，定(ding)期組織自查(cha)(cha)，適時(shi)提出(chu)改(gai)進(jin)措施。所(suo)有(you)(you)科(ke)(ke)室(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員，都(dou)應(ying)從自身(shen)做起，切實(shi)把(ba)好(hao)各(ge)項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)環(huan)節。如無菌(jun)物品存放室(shi)(shi)，入室(shi)(shi)必須進(jin)行(xing)(xing)二(er)次更衣換鞋，無菌(jun)物品要(yao)(yao)(yao)按(an)(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)存放，有(you)(you)入室(shi)(shi)登(deng)記，存放時(shi)間不(bu)得(de)超過規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)期限。室(shi)(shi)內(nei)還應(ying)每(mei)(mei)天進(jin)行(xing)(xing)空氣消毒(du)，每(mei)(mei)周要(yao)(yao)(yao)做空氣、物品表面(mian)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員手細菌(jun)學監測(ce)。從而(er)(er)形成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)講質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)抓質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)局面(mian)。

4強(qiang)化賞(shang)罰意識，建立完善激(ji)勵機制

篇7

關鍵詞：發電機(ji)組大修(xiu)、ISO-9000、應用分析(xi)

一、ISO-9000概述

目前作為提(ti)品和服務的(de)(de)(de)各行各業所接受的(de)(de)(de)認可(ke)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)體(ti)系ISO9000系列管(guan)理(li)標(biao)準(zhun)已經在世界各國巨大(da)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場中(zhong)展現了(le)其主要優勢，而借用(yong)這一標(biao)準(zhun)體(ti)系實現企業、質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)也已經成為了(le)各行業爭相采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)一種管(guan)理(li)措施，水輪發電機組(zu)大(da)修也同樣可(ke)以借用(yong)該(gai)體(ti)系，來實現對質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)控制管(guan)理(li)。

二、 水輪發電機組大修中(zhong)ISO-9000的四大監督體系

隨著(zhu)人類社會的不(bu)斷進步，有效的保證目標實(shi)(shi)現(xian)已(yi)經(jing)成為大(da)眾關注(zhu)的要(yao)求，要(yao)想(xiang)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)這(zhe)一(yi)點就不(bu)得不(bu)依賴于(yu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)，目前在對發電(dian)機組的大(da)修過程中，已(yi)經(jing)形成一(yi)套完整的監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)體系，其主要(yao)包括：安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)、質量保證、質量控制以及計(ji)劃體系。

1、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監部門(men)是(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)監督(du)體系實施監督(du)的(de)(de)主體，在執(zhi)行發電機組大修之前(qian)必(bi)須有安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監部門(men)對安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)監督(du)進行具體的(de)(de)計劃(hua)制定，在進行大修的(de)(de)過程中必(bi)須嚴格執(zhi)行計劃(hua)并接受安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)監督(du)。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)是(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)制度體系的(de)(de)主要工作，其它(ta)包括工期、質量、技術等范圍外的(de)(de)事(shi)物安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)擁有一(yi)票(piao)否(fou)決的(de)(de)權利，一(yi)旦發現(xian)不(bu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)事(shi)件，可(ke)以立刻停止工作，要求及時整改。

2、程序性(xing)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件是(shi)(shi)質(zhi)量保(bao)(bao)證體系在進行(xing)監(jian)督(du)過(guo)程中(zhong)的主(zhu)要依(yi)據，其主(zhu)體為(wei)(wei)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)部(bu)門。它(ta)的主(zhu)要對象是(shi)(shi)在大(da)修過(guo)程中(zhong)所有人(ren)的行(xing)為(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)否滿足程序文(wen)(wen)(wen)件，不規范行(xing)為(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)事故的主(zhu)要根源。電力(li)生產運行(xing)與質(zhi)量保(bao)(bao)證部(bu)門派專(zhuan)人(ren)進行(xing)監(jian)督(du)，由此(ci)來監(jian)督(du)大(da)修人(ren)員是(shi)(shi)都按照(zhao)程序文(wen)(wen)(wen)件進行(xing)操作。

3、檢修文件是控制體(ti)系(xi)實(shi)施監督(du)的(de)主要(yao)依據，其(qi)主體(ti)為(wei)公(gong)司(si)授權的(de)QC人員，監督(du)對(dui)象則為(wei)檢修人員的(de)工作是否滿足質量(liang)標準(zhun)，一旦出現檢驗不合(he)格的(de)情況，QC人員應(ying)該下發不合(he)格通(tong)知對(dui)其(qi)進行處理。

4、為(wei)了更好的(de)(de)對(dui)大修進(jin)(jin)度(du)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)控制(zhi)，計劃(hua)體系是(shi)必(bi)不可少的(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)依據(ju)是(shi)控制(zhi)進(jin)(jin)度(du)表，其(qi)主體是(shi)大修計劃(hua)制(zhi)定，監督對(dui)象則為(wei)實(shi)時進(jin)(jin)度(du)，主要(yao)(yao)工作內容就是(shi)監督計劃(hua)的(de)(de)執行(xing)狀況(kuang)。一(yi)旦發(fa)現進(jin)(jin)度(du)異(yi)常的(de)(de)情況(kuang)，其(qi)必(bi)須及時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)反映，并要(yao)(yao)求相關人員進(jin)(jin)行(xing)原因分析，及時調整檢修計劃(hua)。

三、發電機組大(da)修中ISO-9000的(de)應用

1 目標性文件

在大(da)修之前(qian)必須(xu)制定目標(biao)文件，以此(ci)要求參與大(da)修的人員按期完(wan)成(cheng)目標(biao)并進行目標(biao)考核，它必須(xu)通過企業高層領(ling)導的批準，是其大(da)修工作(zuo)成(cheng)為大(da)家的共(gong)同目標(biao)。

2 程序性文件

在進(jin)行大修準備以及實(shi)現(xian)(xian)大修目(mu)標的過程(cheng)中(zhong)會出現(xian)(xian)很多影響因素，其主要包括(kuo)準備工作、人員、物資(zi)、檢修過程(cheng)、后續管理等。必須針(zhen)對這些問題(ti)制定程(cheng)序性文(wen)件。

2.1 大修準備工作的受(shou)控

大(da)修準(zhun)備(bei)(bei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程是對過(guo)(guo)(guo)程活動控(kong)制要求、各單位(wei)銜接關系(xi)的規定(ding)，同時(shi)在大(da)修過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中也可以利(li)用檢修控(kong)制程序(xu)來完成對過(guo)(guo)(guo)程的約束，其主要內(nei)容有檢修準(zhun)備(bei)(bei)工作(zuo)程序(xu)表、修前設備(bei)(bei)的分析(xi)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)、修后(hou)設備(bei)(bei)狀(zhuang)況交待、熱態評(ping)價(jia)(jia)、大(da)修總結。

2.2 物的受控

大(da)修中對(dui)物的有效控(kong)制(zhi)，對(dui)保證大(da)修質(zhi)量(liang)至(zhi)關(guan)重要。大(da)修物的控(kong)制(zhi)用“物資管理程序(xu)”、“檢修專用工具、設(she)備管理程序(xu)”、“檢驗、測驗和(he)試驗設(she)備控(kong)制(zhi)程序(xu)”來(lai)實(shi)現控(kong)制(zhi)。

（1）物(wu)(wu)資(zi)管(guan)理程(cheng)序。物(wu)(wu)資(zi)管(guan)理程(cheng)序規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)從物(wu)(wu)資(zi)的(de)(de)申請、供應商的(de)(de)控制、“三比”（比質、比價、比信譽）的(de)(de)評定(ding)(ding)、采購、驗(yan)收、倉儲(chu)、領料各(ge)個環節的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)程(cheng)序，確(que)保(bao)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)的(de)(de)質量。（2）檢(jian)修專(zhuan)(zhuan)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具、設(she)備管(guan)理程(cheng)序。檢(jian)修專(zhuan)(zhuan)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具、設(she)備管(guan)理程(cheng)序規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)檢(jian)修的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具、設(she)備的(de)(de)采購、維護(hu)、試驗(yan)、取證的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)程(cheng)序。

（3）檢(jian)驗(yan)、測驗(yan)和試驗(yan)設(she)備控制(zhi)程(cheng)序。檢(jian)驗(yan)、測驗(yan)和試驗(yan)設(she)備控制(zhi)程(cheng)序規定了機組檢(jian)修中涉及的(de)各種量(liang)具、儀(yi)器、儀(yi)表、建標的(de)校驗(yan)設(she)備的(de)種類(lei)、檢(jian)驗(yan)周期(qi)、采購、保管、報(bao)廢的(de)各種工作程(cheng)序。

2.3 對(dui)檢修過程的受控

對(dui)(dui)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)過(guo)(guo)程的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)將會直接影響機組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)大修(xiu)質(zhi)量(liang)、安全(quan)，一(yi)(yi)旦缺少對(dui)(dui)過(guo)(guo)程的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，將無法(fa)實現對(dui)(dui)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)大修(xiu)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)。而這一(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)程主(zhu)要采用(yong)的(de)(de)是機組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)停(ting)機服役管理(li)程序(xu)(xu)、設備檢(jian)(jian)驗與實驗程序(xu)(xu)、不合格(ge)(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)程序(xu)(xu)。機組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)停(ting)服役管理(li)程序(xu)(xu)主(zhu)要規(gui)定在機組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)啟動、停(ting)機過(guo)(guo)程中系統操作計(ji)劃、實驗項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)、工作票計(ji)劃編制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、執行方法(fa)等；設備檢(jian)(jian)驗和(he)試驗程序(xu)(xu)主(zhu)要是對(dui)(dui)過(guo)(guo)程中的(de)(de)見證點、停(ting)工待檢(jian)(jian)點的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗和(he)驗證，從而實現過(guo)(guo)程質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不合格(ge)(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)程序(xu)(xu)則是主(zhu)要針對(dui)(dui)過(guo)(guo)程中一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)不合格(ge)(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，對(dui)(dui)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)活(huo)動出現的(de)(de)不合格(ge)(ge)進行處理(li)的(de)(de)程序(xu)(xu)，以及由不合格(ge)(ge)產生的(de)(de)糾正措(cuo)施(shi)的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)與驗證。

2.4 對后續管理的控制

大修經驗反饋以及(ji)可追溯性能(neng)夠有(you)效的(de)(de)提(ti)高檢修管理水平，糾(jiu)正(zheng)預防措施(shi)管理程序則是(shi)主要的(de)(de)后續管理控制(zhi)程序，它的(de)(de)主要目的(de)(de)在于(yu)對不(bu)合(he)(he)格存(cun)在的(de)(de)消除(chu)，對可能(neng)不(bu)合(he)(he)格進行原(yuan)因(yin)分析，并(bing)采取必(bi)要控制(zhi)，避免此(ci)類問題再(zai)次出(chu)現，抑制(zhi)不(bu)合(he)(he)格的(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)。

三、操作性文件

1 檢修(xiu)文件包(bao)編制使用導則

設備檢(jian)修(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)主要(yao)依據(ju)和客(ke)觀證據(ju)是(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)修(xiu)文件(jian)包，它必須由檢(jian)修(xiu)負責人(ren)進行攜帶(dai)、保管、使用、記錄以(yi)及(ji)補充(chong)、匯總。其主要(yao)核心內(nei)容(rong)為設備管理人(ren)員提供的(de)設備檢(jian)修(xiu)程序(xu)、技(ji)術記錄。它也是(shi)(shi)(shi)最終管理工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)經驗總結和永(yong)久性(xing)的(de)記錄報告(gao)。其主要(yao)內(nei)容(rong)包括了檢(jian)修(xiu)項目的(de)名稱(cheng)、工(gong)時、設備材料、作(zuo)(zuo)業條件(jian)、檢(jian)修(xiu)工(gong)藝、技(ji)術標(biao)準、記錄、見證點(dian)等(deng)。它是(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)和設備可(ke)追溯性(xing)QC見證的(de)主要(yao)依據(ju)。

2 質量監督計劃編(bian)制導則(ze)

設備(bei)檢修工(gong)作、更改(gai)工(gong)程等是質量(liang)監督(du)計劃的主(zhu)要(yao)內容(rong)，它規定了專門(men)(men)的質量(liang)檢驗、監督(du)措施(shi)(shi)以及活(huo)動(dong)順序(xu)，是質量(liang)見(jian)證(zheng)的主(zhu)要(yao)依(yi)據(ju)，也是QC人(ren)員檢查見(jian)證(zheng)執行情況的主(zhu)要(yao)依(yi)據(ju)。其主(zhu)要(yao)由施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單位、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)部門(men)(men)、設備(bei)管(guan)理(li)部門(men)(men)等制(zhi)定的專業質控人(ren)員進行編(bian)制(zhi)，其編(bian)制(zhi)順序(xu)為(wei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單位--施(shi)(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)部門(men)(men)--設備(bei)管(guan)理(li)部門(men)(men)，前(qian)一級(ji)必(bi)須遵(zun)守后(hou)級(ji)別的審核。

3 檢(jian)修施工計劃(hua)編制(zhi)導(dao)則(ze)

檢修(xiu)施工(gong)(gong)計劃的(de)主要(yao)內容包(bao)括：安(an)全(quan)(quan)、文明(ming)、優質、高效的(de)完成(cheng)所承擔的(de)檢修(xiu)任(ren)務所必須的(de)檢修(xiu)進度、資源配置、工(gong)(gong)藝紀律、安(an)全(quan)(quan)質量管理措(cuo)施等一系列管理文件。

結語：通過(guo)本文對水輪發(fa)電(dian)機組(zu)大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)中ISO-9000的(de)(de)(de)應用分析，我們可(ke)以看到正是(shi)由于這樣(yang)一套國際化的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)整質(zhi)量(liang)控制體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)，我們在(zai)對發(fa)電(dian)機組(zu)進行大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)時，才能夠從方方面(mian)面(mian)完(wan)成(cheng)大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)每一個(ge)細節，從而有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)保證其大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)質(zhi)量(liang)。

參考文獻：

[1] 鈕(niu)志剛(gang). 標準化(hua)管理模式在供(gong)電企業生產(chan)實踐中的(de)應(ying)用[J]. 內(nei)蒙(meng)古電力技術. 2006（04）

篇8

關鍵詞(ci)：施(shi)工企業；控制(zhi)；成本

現(xian)在(zai)，越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)的工(gong)(gong)程開(kai)始使用以FIDIC條款為基礎的綜(zong)合單價合同。為了(le)實現(xian)費用控(kong)制(zhi)目標(biao)，業主(zhu)總是希望在(zai)履行(xing)合同的前(qian)提下，以最少的費用達到合格的工(gong)(gong)程產品。在(zai)此，通過多(duo)年的工(gong)(gong)作經(jing)驗(yan)總結出，要想控(kong)制(zhi)好工(gong)(gong)程費用，應從以下幾個(ge)方面做好費用控(kong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作。

一、投標預算控制

自招投標制度實施以來，業主采取最低價(jia)中(zhong)標的方式更是使公(gong)路工(gong)程施工(gong)市場的競爭達到了頂點。為(wei)了中(zhong)標，各施工(gong)企業紛紛競相壓價(jia)，管理好的項目(mu)勉強能保本，管理稍一放松，則要(yao)(yao)發生巨額虧損。因此，把(ba)握好降價(jia)的幅度，做好投標報價(jia)工(gong)作顯得尤為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。

現在(zai)(zai)預算(suan)的(de)(de)(de)編制基本上都采用計(ji)(ji)算(suan)機軟件進行編制，有(you)經驗的(de)(de)(de)預算(suan)員計(ji)(ji)算(suan)出的(de)(de)(de)預算(suan)與業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)標底差別一般不(bu)(bu)是(shi)很大(da)，在(zai)(zai)投標階段(duan)最主(zhu)(zhu)要的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作是(shi)把握(wo)好報(bao)價(jia)(jia)策(ce)(ce)略(lve)。報(bao)價(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)策(ce)(ce)略(lve)主(zhu)(zhu)要就是(shi)不(bu)(bu)平衡報(bao)價(jia)(jia)，在(zai)(zai)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)標價(jia)(jia)內(nei)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)分項工(gong)程采取(qu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)單價(jia)(jia)。主(zhu)(zhu)要策(ce)(ce)略(lve)就是(shi)對實際(ji)施工(gong)中(zhong)可能增加工(gong)程量的(de)(de)(de)分項工(gong)程采取(qu)高報(bao)價(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)策(ce)(ce)略(lve)，對實際(ji)施工(gong)中(zhong)變(bian)化不(bu)(bu)大(da)或可能減(jian)少的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程量應采取(qu)低價(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)策(ce)(ce)略(lve)，這樣就能在(zai)(zai)實際(ji)施工(gong)中(zhong)為施工(gong)單位(wei)盈利創造條件。

二、公(gong)司的管理費(fei)控制(zhi)

公司的(de)(de)費用(yong)開(kai)支主要是(shi)各職能(neng)部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)工資(zi)和(he)(he)(he)日常(chang)(chang)經費，可采(cai)取(qu)費用(yong)預(yu)算(suan)的(de)(de)模(mo)式，即年(nian)初下(xia)達預(yu)算(suan)包(bao)干到各職能(neng)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，年(nian)終(zhong)清算(suan)，對節約的(de)(de)經費按一(yi)定比例獎勵給(gei)部(bu)(bu)門(men)工作人(ren)員(yuan)。加強公司的(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)理工作，成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)和(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)準執行得(de)好壞，不能(neng)等(deng)到完工后算(suan)賬再說(shuo)明，施工中必須加強檢查和(he)(he)(he)分(fen)析(xi)，及時與目(mu)標(biao)(biao)比較(jiao)差異，采(cai)取(qu)措施，保證(zheng)責任(ren)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)實(shi)現。具體(ti)從兩方(fang)面做好工作，一(yi)是(shi)要求項目(mu)部(bu)(bu)定期報(bao)送財務(wu)報(bao)表(biao)(biao)，除(chu)按正常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)會計報(bao)表(biao)(biao)格式報(bao)送有關報(bao)表(biao)(biao)外(wai)，還要按照責任(ren)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)分(fen)解要求報(bao)送執行情況報(bao)表(biao)(biao)，并對發生差異原因作出分(fen)析(xi)和(he)(he)(he)說(shuo)明；二是(shi)上級財務(wu)部(bu)(bu)門(men)要定期（至(zhi)少半年(nian)一(yi)次(ci)）對項目(mu)部(bu)(bu)責任(ren)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)執行情況進(jin)行檢查。

三、項目(mu)部費用(yong)控(kong)制：

對(dui)項(xiang)(xiang)目部現場管理費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的開支，應(ying)根據項(xiang)(xiang)目部的人員(yuan)、車(che)輛等情(qing)況(kuang)按費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)目編(bian)制開支計(ji)劃(hua)，特別是對(dui)差(cha)旅(lv)費(fei)、業務招待費(fei)、通訊費(fei)等重點(dian)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)核定(ding)標準(zhun)，總額(e)(e)控(kong)制。對(dui)自己隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的工(gong)程(cheng)，要(yao)按分部分項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)按工(gong)、料(liao)、機(ji)(ji)編(bian)制成本(ben)開支計(ji)劃(hua)，按月核算檢查。這(zhe)部分成本(ben)控(kong)制，關鍵抓好兩點(dian)：一是材料(liao)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，包括(kuo)主材和(he)地材，不僅要(yao)有金額(e)(e)控(kong)制計(ji)劃(hua)，而且要(yao)有數量(liang)，價格控(kong)制計(ji)劃(hua)，防(fang)止(zhi)超耗(hao)和(he)損失(shi)。二是機(ji)(ji)械使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)費(fei)，要(yao)充分發(fa)(fa)揮自有施(shi)(shi)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)械、車(che)輛的作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，首先在任務安排時(shi)要(yao)考(kao)慮這(zhe)一因(yin)素(su)，防(fang)止(zhi)靠外包隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)完(wan)成任務而自有機(ji)(ji)械閑(xian)置(zhi)情(qing)況(kuang)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中如發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)閑(xian)置(zhi)，可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)對(dui)協作隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)出租等方式提(ti)高(gao)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)。防(fang)止(zhi)機(ji)(ji)械車(che)輛因(yin)固定(ding)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)而利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)低發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)虧損。

公路工(gong)程施工(gong)的業務有(you)以下幾(ji)個(ge)特點(dian)：

1、流動性大，公路工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)都是露(lu)天作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)，工(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)后馬上調遷，這就(jiu)導(dao)致公路施工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)不可能像工(gong)廠(chang)(chang)那樣(yang)建立(li)廠(chang)(chang)房和(he)(he)倉庫，制定嚴格的生產計劃和(he)(he)材料收發計量手續；

2、不(bu)可預(yu)見的費用大，公路工程施工是露天作業，下(xia)雨時必須停工，這就(jiu)會帶來一系列(lie)的成本增(zeng)加(jia)；

3、取(qu)(qu)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)收入存在不確(que)定性，公(gong)路(lu)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)受地(di)質條件的(de)(de)(de)影響，實際施(shi)工(gong)時(shi)業主往往需要根據地(di)質條件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化變(bian)更施(shi)工(gong)方案，這就導致收入的(de)(de)(de)不確(que)定。由于公(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)具有(you)上述(shu)特點，因此公(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)要降(jiang)低成本，只能依靠具體施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)組織(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)搶時(shi)間、搶進度，組織(zhi)起協(xie)調(diao)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)節奏才(cai)能降(jiang)低成本。這就要求項目的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理模式必須采取(qu)(qu)項目領(ling)導班子(zi)承(cheng)包的(de)(de)(de)模式，通過(guo)利益(yi)激(ji)勵的(de)(de)(de)方式調(diao)動職工(gong)降(jiang)低成本的(de)(de)(de)積極性。

現行的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)方式，一(yi)般來說應該分(fen)(fen)(fen)成(cheng)三(san)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。第一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)項目(mu)部(bu)(bu)現場管(guan)理費用(yong)開支(zhi)，包(bao)(bao)括項目(mu)部(bu)(bu)開支(zhi)的(de)(de)間接費用(yong)和財(cai)務(wu)費用(yong)。第二部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)自(zi)己隊伍(wu)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)自(zi)行完成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)作量。第三(san)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)協作隊伍(wu)完成(cheng)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)作量。對(dui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，除了嚴(yan)格對(dui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)隊伍(wu)的(de)(de)資格審(shen)查外，要(yao)(yao)科學、合(he)(he)理地確定(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)價(jia)格，嚴(yan)格為分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)隊伍(wu)代辦材料、出租(zu)機(ji)械(xie)等費用(yong)扣(kou)還手(shou)續，防止對(dui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)隊伍(wu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)超付(fu)和質(zhi)量、進度(du)不(bu)合(he)(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)等問題(ti)發生。目(mu)前，分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)比例越(yue)來越(yue)大，管(guan)理不(bu)好，容易發生問題(ti)。要(yao)(yao)特別加強對(dui)這部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)監督檢(jian)查：一(yi)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)參與選(xuan)擇和審(shen)批協作隊伍(wu)；二是(shi)要(yao)(yao)監督審(shen)查合(he)(he)同(tong)的(de)(de)內容，特別是(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總量和價(jia)格；三(san)是(shi)監督質(zhi)量、進度(du)和工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)的(de)(de)支(zhi)付(fu)。項目(mu)部(bu)(bu)財(cai)務(wu)部(bu)(bu)門(men)對(dui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)(yao)建(jian)立臺賬，按合(he)(he)同(tong)號、分(fen)(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)單位、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總價(jia)及時記錄結(jie)算(suan)情況。

四、及時做好索賠

施工(gong)(gong)索(suo)賠是合(he)同管(guan)理的(de)重要(yao)(yao)環節。在施工(gong)(gong)階段,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)抓好施工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位向業主(zhu)的(de)索(suo)賠,是由于施工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位非(fei)自身原因造(zao)成工(gong)(gong)期延期、費用增加而要(yao)(yao)求業主(zhu)給予的(de)費用補(bu)償。

1.工程索賠的處理(li)原則

(1)、索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)必須(xu)以合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)為依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju),不論是(shi)風險事(shi)件(jian)的(de)發(fa)生,還是(shi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)雙方不完成合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)工作,都(dou)必須(xu)在(zai)(zai)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)找到(dao)相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)。有些依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)隱含的(de),要(yao)(yao)求監理(li)工程師要(yao)(yao)全面理(li)會(hui)(hui)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)內(nei)容。(2)、及(ji)時、合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)地處理(li)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)。索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)處理(li)不及(ji)時,對施工單(dan)位和業主(zhu)都(dou)會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生不利的(de)影響,如施工單(dan)位索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)長期得(de)不到(dao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)解(jie)決,索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)積累將會(hui)(hui)導致資(zi)金(jin)困難,影響工程進度,給(gei)雙方都(dou)帶(dai)來不利的(de)影響。(3)、加強主(zhu)動控制,減少(shao)(shao)工程索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)。在(zai)(zai)工程管理(li)過程中(zhong)(zhong),業主(zhu)應(ying)(ying)當盡量將工作做在(zai)(zai)前面,減少(shao)(shao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)事(shi)件(jian)的(de)發(fa)生。(4)、索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)的(de)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)要(yao)(yao)充分、證據(ju)(ju)要(yao)(yao)充足。索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賠(pei)的(de)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)有招(zhao)標文件(jian)、合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)文件(jian)、其他雙方簽字(zi)認可(ke)的(de)文件(jian)及(ji)各種會(hui)(hui)議紀要(yao)(yao)等。

2.索(suo)賠費用的(de)計算

索賠(pei)費用的(de)計(ji)算(suan),要(yao)注意(yi)具體(ti)的(de)計(ji)算(suan)方(fang)法和計(ji)算(suan)過(guo)程(cheng),至于采用何種(zhong)計(ji)價法,應根(gen)據索賠(pei)事件(jian)的(de)特點及所(suo)掌握的(de)證據資料等因素來(lai)確(que)定(ding),切忌采用籠統的(de)計(ji)價方(fang)法和不(bu)實的(de)開支款額。

在不同(tong)的(de)索賠事件中可以(yi)索賠的(de)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)不同(tong),總的(de)內容包括(kuo)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、設(she)(she)備(bei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、材料費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、保(bao)函手(shou)續費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、貸款利(li)息、保(bao)險費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、管理費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、利(li)潤。人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)包括(kuo)增(zeng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容的(de)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、停工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)損失費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率降(jiang)低(di)的(de)損失費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等累計(ji)(ji)。其中增(zeng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容的(de)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應按(an)照計(ji)(ji)日(ri)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)計(ji)(ji)算,而停工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)損失費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率降(jiang)低(di)損失費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)按(an)窩(wo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)計(ji)(ji)算。設(she)(she)備(bei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)可采用(yong)機械(xie)臺班費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、機械(xie)折(zhe)舊(jiu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、設(she)(she)備(bei)租賃(lin)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等幾種形(xing)式。當工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容增(zeng)加引起的(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)索賠時,設(she)(she)備(bei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)標準按(an)照機械(xie)臺班費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)計(ji)(ji)算。因窩(wo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)引起的(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)索賠應按(an)照機械(xie)折(zhe)舊(jiu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或設(she)(she)備(bei)租賃(lin)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)計(ji)(ji)算。

五、加(jia)強施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場管理：任何工(gong)程(cheng)在(zai)實際施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中，都會遇到設(she)計變更(geng)、工(gong)程(cheng)量增減、合同差異等問題，項目(mu)(mu)管理人(ren)如何充分(fen)利用(yong)合同條款，在(zai)這些事(shi)項一(yi)旦發生時，及時與現場監(jian)理辦(ban)理簽認手續，做好(hao)工(gong)程(cheng)量變更(geng)，是項目(mu)(mu)管理的(de)一(yi)項重要工(gong)作，直接關系到項目(mu)(mu)效益的(de)好(hao)壞。加(jia)強工(gong)程(cheng)進度和質量管理，爭創精品工(gong)程(cheng)，爭取獲得(de)甲方(fang)大額補差獎勵獎金和工(gong)程(cheng)優質獎，也(ye)是增加(jia)項目(mu)(mu)收入的(de)重要途(tu)徑。

參考文獻：

篇9

關鍵詞：水(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)電；施工；管理；問題

中圖分(fen)類(lei)號：TV 文獻標識碼：A 文章(zhang)編號：

我(wo)(wo)國實(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設作為(wei)國家基(ji)礎建(jian)(jian)設項目中(zhong)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)，其主要(yao)(yao)目的(de)(de)是(shi)防止水害(hai)危(wei)及人(ren)民的(de)(de)生命財產安(an)全，并且充分(fen)開發利(li)用水資源通。經過多年的(de)(de)努力，我(wo)(wo)國的(de)(de)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設取得了(le)很大的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)就，基(ji)本實(shi)(shi)現對(dui)自(zi)然(ran)水資源的(de)(de)控(kong)制與調配(pei)，不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)改善人(ren)們的(de)(de)生活環境(jing)，而(er)(er)且對(dui)于農業灌溉、環境(jing)保(bao)護等事業也(ye)做(zuo)出了(le)巨大的(de)(de)貢獻。然(ran)而(er)(er)，在(zai)對(dui)我(wo)(wo)國水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設施工(gong)(gong)管理現狀的(de)(de)調研與分(fen)析中(zhong)發現，我(wo)(wo)國水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)企業的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)管理工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)存在(zai)諸多不(bu)足之處，不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)阻礙(ai)了(le)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)發展，也(ye)給人(ren)們的(de)(de)生命財產帶來(lai)安(an)全隱患。

一(yi)、水利工程(cheng)項目施工管理的主要內容

水利工(gong)(gong)程具(ju)有較強的專業特性(xing)，旌工(gong)(gong)管理(li)(li)系統組成(cheng)十分復雜。水利工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理(li)(li)包括(kuo)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程管理(li)(li)和竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收管理(li)(li)。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程管理(li)(li)主(zhu)要(yao)包括(kuo)確定設計圖紙、進(jin)行資質審(shen)核、監(jian)察(cha)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)度與質量、檢(jian)測(ce)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全(quan)防護設備、制(zhi)定施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)期、準備工(gong)(gong)程物資、嚴格(ge)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)標(biao)準，以及(ji)積極配合相關部門做好(hao)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收工(gong)(gong)作。

二、水利工(gong)程施工(gong)管理中存在(zai)的主要(yao)問題

1.施工(gong)(gong)相(xiang)關(guan)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)淡(dan)薄(bo)(bo)(bo) 對于(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目來說，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)永(yong)遠是(shi)第一位的(de)(de)，一旦質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)有(you)問題，其(qi)它的(de)(de)一切都是(shi)免(mian)談(tan)。要想提高質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，首先要培養(yang)施工(gong)(gong)相(xiang)關(guan)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)。而目前，我們很(hen)多的(de)(de)水(shui)利施工(gong)(gong)單位中(zhong)，施工(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)相(xiang)對淡(dan)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)，導致出現了較多的(de)(de)豆腐渣工(gong)(gong)作，嚴重影(ying)響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，究(jiu)其(qi)原因都是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)施工(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)疏忽大意(yi)，沒把質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)放在第一位，沒有(you)按(an)照規(gui)定辦事所致。由(you)此(ci)可見，施工(gong)(gong)相(xiang)關(guan)人員(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)淡(dan)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)是(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)我國水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)管理(li)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)一個(ge)重要因素。

2.管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員素(su)質(zhi)不高(gao) 管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員素(su)質(zhi)不高(gao)也(ye)(ye)是影響(xiang)水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)一個重要因素(su)。在(zai)很多(duo)水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)，很多(duo)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員缺乏良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)素(su)養，對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)進度、質(zhi)量、成(cheng)本沒有很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)把握和控(kong)制，另外也(ye)(ye)缺乏現場的(de)(de)(de)經驗和技術(shu)，這些(xie)都導致管(guan)理(li)水(shui)平不高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)現象，嚴重影響(xiang)水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)。

3.前(qian)期(qi)準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)不足(zu) 對于水利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)來(lai)說(shuo)，前(qian)期(qi)的(de)準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)非常(chang)重要。同時，如果前(qian)期(qi)的(de)準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)如果能(neng)夠做充分，對于管理(li)水平的(de)提高(gao)也非常(chang)關鍵。但是現在(zai)很多的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目，在(zai)前(qian)期(qi)調(diao)研中遇到很多的(de)問題，但為了盡快的(de)進行(xing)項(xiang)目，趕工(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)，就(jiu)忽略了這些問題，帶著(zhu)問題進入施工(gong)(gong)(gong)階(jie)段(duan)，這樣就(jiu)無(wu)法(fa)保證施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)質量(liang)和(he)安全，嚴重影響了施工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)水平。

4.目(mu)標管(guan)理不(bu)(bu)細致 要想讓工程(cheng)(cheng)能(neng)夠有(you)條不(bu)(bu)紊的(de)(de)順利進行(xing)，必須要有(you)一(yi)個明確的(de)(de)目(mu)標。然而，很多施工單位對于目(mu)標管(guan)理非常(chang)模糊，成本管(guan)理不(bu)(bu)落實、控(kong)制不(bu)(bu)到(dao)位；質(zhi)量管(guan)理重結(jie)果輕過程(cheng)(cheng)、或(huo)重形式輕本質(zhi)等等。這些嚴重影響水(shui)利工程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)有(you)效進行(xing)。

5.現(xian)場(chang)管(guan)理混亂 施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)場(chang)對(dui)于(yu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)順利進行(xing)是具(ju)有舉足(zu)輕重作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)，現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理好(hao)壞，直接影響(xiang)著工(gong)程(cheng)是否能夠進行(xing)下去。目前很(hen)多水利工(gong)程(cheng)單位在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中，缺乏科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)場(chang)管(guan)理，缺乏有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)監督(du)。

三、加強水利施工管理的(de)對策

1.健全水(shui)利施(shi)工管理制(zhi)度

為確保(bao)(bao)水利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常有序開展，相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)一定要(yao)建立完善(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理(li)制度(du)，使管理(li)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)可以(yi)按照相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定執行(xing)，明確責任，有針對(dui)(dui)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)強管理(li)。首先，一定要(yao)重視(shi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)管理(li)，制定相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)，并設立專門的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監督機構，定期(qi)對(dui)(dui)水利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)檢測，確保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，對(dui)(dui)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)不良的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為進(jin)(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)(xiang)應處罰。各(ge)(ge)級單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)都(dou)(dou)要(yao)把安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)放在第一位(wei)，從業(ye)(ye)主到施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)，再(zai)到各(ge)(ge)個(ge)監理(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)，都(dou)(dou)應該簽訂相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)目標責任書，逐級簽訂并且層層落(luo)實。為了保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)制度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)順(shun)利(li)貫徹(che)實施(shi)(shi)，在水利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)應該制定相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)章制度(du)以(yi)及(ji)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)操作(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)，所有施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)(dou)必須嚴(yan)格遵守，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監督人(ren)要(yao)定期(qi)對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)監督審查，并對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)教育培訓(xun)，增強施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)意識。對(dui)(dui)檢查過程(cheng)(cheng)中出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)，要(yao)嚴(yan)格依據(ju)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)序追究責任人(ren)，并及(ji)時采(cai)取措施(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)問(wen)題(ti)加(jia)(jia)以(yi)解決，切實保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)水利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。

其次，加(jia)強水(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)，水(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)接關系(xi)到社會穩定和(he)人(ren)民的(de)(de)生命財產安(an)全，為了保(bao)證水(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，就必須加(jia)強落實(shi)項(xiang)(xiang)目責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)制度，專(zhuan)門項(xiang)(xiang)目應該(gai)有專(zhuan)門的(de)(de)負責(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)，并且在管(guan)理(li)實(shi)踐中不斷探索(suo)，發(fa)揮好管(guan)理(li)單位應有的(de)(de)職能，確保(bao)水(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)符合(he)相關的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)標準。另(ling)外，還要加(jia)強對(dui)施工(gong)(gong)現場以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)監督(du)力(li)度，改變(bian)傳統的(de)(de)企業(ye)管(guan)理(li)方式，實(shi)行項(xiang)(xiang)目責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)制，由專(zhuan)人(ren)負責(ze)(ze)(ze)專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)，由專(zhuan)門人(ren)員定期考(kao)核施工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，發(fa)現質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)問題時對(dui)相關責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)人(ren)加(jia)以處罰，嚴格保(bao)證水(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。

最(zui)后，政府相(xiang)關部門應(ying)該做好監管，在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)之前要(yao)加大對(dui)(dui)(dui)水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程設計(ji)圖(tu)紙(zhi)的審查，確(que)保設計(ji)圖(tu)紙(zhi)準(zhun)確(que)無(wu)誤，符合(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)地的實際情(qing)況，保證(zheng)水(shui)利施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的正常進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程建設階段，政府相(xiang)關監督部門要(yao)定(ding)期到施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢查，監督人(ren)員(yuan)應(ying)該樹立起高度的責任感，對(dui)(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)項目認(ren)真負責，對(dui)(dui)(dui)水(shui)利施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中關鍵位置，以及重要(yao)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序嚴格監督，確(que)保施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全質量(liang)達標(biao)；另外，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中的各項設施(shi)(shi)、原(yuan)材料等(deng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)抽查，確(que)保施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)材料都是合(he)格產品，保證(zheng)在水(shui)利施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中不出(chu)現質量(liang)問題；在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)完畢之后要(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)關的工(gong)(gong)作考核(he)，管理人(ren)員(yuan)應(ying)該在竣工(gong)(gong)之后嚴格依據合(he)同對(dui)(dui)(dui)項目進(jin)(jin)行(xing)再次考核(he)，將各項指標(biao)分類核(he)對(dui)(dui)(dui)，評估施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)成果，及時(shi)發現問題，并針對(dui)(dui)(dui)問題提(ti)出(chu)相(xiang)應(ying)的解決措施(shi)(shi)。

2.增(zeng)強(qiang)水(shui)利施工管理人(ren)員素質

水(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)素(su)質(zhi)直接影響到水(shui)(shui)利(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量，因此(ci)，為了提(ti)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)利(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門就必(bi)(bi)須要(yao)(yao)加強水(shui)(shui)利(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)素(su)質(zhi)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，提(ti)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)利(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體水(shui)(shui)平(ping)。首先，相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門要(yao)(yao)加強施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業技(ji)術考核，保證(zheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)具(ju)有較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)；其次，要(yao)(yao)加強對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業知識培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，并進行定期考核，不(bu)斷(duan)提(ti)高(gao)現場施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)業務素(su)質(zhi)和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)。特別是施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)項目負責人(ren)(ren)，作為一(yi)項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)核心人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，必(bi)(bi)須要(yao)(yao)熟悉掌(zhang)握基(ji)礎的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業理(li)(li)論知識，同時要(yao)(yao)具(ju)備(bei)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)經驗(yan)、較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，可以及時發現施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現場出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)各種問題(ti)，并提(ti)出(chu)(chu)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)解決方案。對(dui)于(yu)一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)單位要(yao)(yao)對(dui)其進行施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)宣傳(chuan)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，提(ti)高(gao)他(ta)們(men)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識，進而積極(ji)配合施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)者的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作；最后(hou)，對(dui)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進行相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)法(fa)律法(fa)規知識的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，使其嚴格依(yi)法(fa)辦事(shi)，不(bu)斷(duan)加強管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)執(zhi)法(fa)隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)(de)自身建(jian)設，逐漸(jian)形成(cheng)一(yi)批高(gao)素(su)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)利(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)隊(dui)伍。

3.增強(qiang)水利施工(gong)管(guan)理意(yi)識

加強(qiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)要(yao)做(zuo)到統一認(ren)識，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變傳(chuan)統觀(guan)念。相關部門(men)領導要(yao)不(bu)(bu)斷增強(qiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)意識，依(yi)法加強(qiang)對水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變不(bu)(bu)適應依(yi)法管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)傳(chuan)統觀(guan)念，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變只重(zhong)生產(chan)忽視管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)傳(chuan)統觀(guan)念；制定相應的(de)法律(lv)規范嚴格(ge)制約(yue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設中的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，從人民利(li)益(yi)出發，不(bu)(bu)斷加強(qiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，提高水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)質(zhi)量，保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質(zhi)量。四、結束語

綜上所述(shu)，水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)重要環節，為了更好的(de)加(jia)強水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理，在以后的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中，我們(men)必須(xu)強化(hua)意識，加(jia)強各方面的(de)管理，落實責任(ren)，從根本上提高水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理的(de)水(shui)平。

參考文獻：

[1]王平平. 淺(qian)議水利工程施工管理. 中(zhong)國水運，2007（1）：23-26.

篇10

關(guan)鍵詞(ci)：建筑工(gong)程；技術管(guan)理；存在問題；措(cuo)施

1建筑工程施工技術管理的(de)作用及意義

1.1施工技術管(guan)理對建筑工程項目具有重(zhong)要的作用

通過對建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)進行科學的(de)管理，可確(que)保(bao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)序的(de)正常進行，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量得到保(bao)證。此外(wai)還，可以充分發揮(hui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)材料、人員及(ji)設(she)備的(de)效(xiao)能，從(cong)而提高(gao)建筑(zhu)企業的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益和市場競爭力。另(ling)外(wai)，不斷加強施(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業的(de)管理水平和技術(shu)(shu)人員的(de)業務水平，對問題要有預見性并采取相應的(de)解決措施(shi)，從(cong)而避(bi)免施(shi)工(gong)(gong)事故隱患的(de)發生。

1.2隨(sui)著(zhu)建筑業的發展，新(xin)(xin)工(gong)藝、新(xin)(xin)技術、新(xin)(xin)材料(liao)、新(xin)(xin)設備不斷地出現，同時承擔的新(xin)(xin)工(gong)程(cheng)可能(neng)結構更復(fu)雜，功能(neng)更特殊，裝修更新(xin)(xin)穎(ying)，這也就使(shi)得(de)施工(gong)技術管理(li)顯(xian)得(de)更加重要(yao)。

1.3建(jian)筑施工(gong)有(you)其特殊性.眾所周知，建(jian)筑的類型、樣(yang)式繁多，規模要求(qiu)各不相同，施工(gong)作業受天(tian)氣影響較(jiao)大，而復(fu)雜的多工(gong)種交叉施工(gong)、式項技術(shu)綜(zong)合應(ying)用(yong)、工(gong)序搭接(jie)較(jiao)多，在這(zhe)些生產過(guo)程中都需要加強技術(shu)管理，進而保證施工(gong)正常(chang)有(you)序地進行，以便達到預期的質量、使用(yong)功(gong)能和降低建(jian)筑成本的要求(qiu)目標。

1.4技術(shu)管理(li)能(neng)充(chong)分發(fa)揮施工人(ren)員(yuan)及材(cai)料、設(she)備(bei)的潛力(li)(li)，在保證工程質(zhi)量的前提(ti)下，努力(li)(li)降低工程成本，提(ti)高(gao)經濟效益和提(ti)升市場經濟競(jing)爭能(neng)力(li)(li)。

2建筑工程施(shi)工技(ji)術(shu)管理現狀(zhuang)及問題(ti)

目前(qian)，我國建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)的(de)(de)技術管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)還停留(liu)在粗放型管(guan)理上，沒有系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術管(guan)理體系(xi)，單純的(de)(de)依靠質量管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)以(yi)及文件歸檔進行施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術的(de)(de)管(guan)理。且由于工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中標(biao)后(hou)的(de)(de)分(fen)包(bao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，中標(biao)企業(ye)缺乏對(dui)分(fen)包(bao)企業(ye)的(de)(de)技術管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，也使(shi)得現(xian)代建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)困(kun)難(nan)，影(ying)響了施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術管(guan)理的(de)(de)科學開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)。

2.1材料管理不(bu)規范

在采購、運輸、存放、發(fa)放以及使用材料(liao)(liao)和半成品的(de)(de)(de)過程中缺乏科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理，導致原材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)不(bu)(bu)符合要求以及材料(liao)(liao)供應難(nan)以滿足正(zheng)常施工(gong)進度要求的(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)發(fa)生。材料(liao)(liao)管(guan)理不(bu)(bu)規范不(bu)(bu)僅延誤了施工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)期(qi)，甚(shen)至還有可能導致安全(quan)事故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生，嚴(yan)重影響了企業的(de)(de)(de)經濟效益和聲譽。

2.2施工管理不(bu)規(gui)范

在工程施工過(guo)程中，施工管(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)員及現(xian)場的實(shi)際操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)員并沒(mei)有完(wan)全按照有關操(cao)作(zuo)規程和規章(zhang)制度(du)進(jin)行施工，各種規章(zhang)制度(du)在施工過(guo)程中并沒(mei)有真正得到落實(shi)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)員完(wan)全履行其管(guan)(guan)(guan)理職責，操(cao)作(zuo)工人(ren)沒(mei)有嚴格(ge)執行相關程序，導致質量問題經常發生(sheng)，給工程帶來質量隱患(huan)。

2.3施工方式不合理(li)

目前施工(gong)單位(wei)分(fen)包現象非(fei)常(chang)普遍，各分(fen)包單位(wei)沒有明確自身的(de)(de)工(gong)作范圍。各單位(wei)只考慮自身的(de)(de)利益，總將工(gong)作推給其他的(de)(de)單位(wei)，從而造成工(gong)序上的(de)(de)遺漏(lou)，增加了各單位(wei)協調(diao)工(gong)作的(de)(de)難度(du)。此(ci)外，施工(gong)組(zu)織并沒有一套健全的(de)(de)管理制度(du)，管理人(ren)員及(ji)操(cao)作工(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)水平素質參(can)差不齊，也增加了施工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中各專(zhuan)業(ye)協調(diao)工(gong)作的(de)(de)難度(du)，也是(shi)導致(zhi)問題產生的(de)(de)重要因素。

2.4機械設備落后

現階段我國的很多建筑(zhu)企業所用的機械設備陳舊、落后，或者因為(wei)成本問題，很多都(dou)用一些淘汰(tai)的機械設備，沒有及時的購進和(he)更(geng)新(xin)，如此下來，施工的進度趕不上，也造成很多不必(bi)要的浪費。

2.5建筑施(shi)工的技術方法落后

對于施工(gong)(gong)(gong)前的(de)技術方(fang)(fang)法是非常(chang)重(zhong)要的(de)，但現(xian)如今的(de)很多(duo)建筑(zhu)企業的(de)技術和施工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)法并(bing)沒有(you)(you)改進，技術相對落后，而且還(huan)缺乏技術方(fang)(fang)面的(de)交流(liu)。應當讓所有(you)(you)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)對整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)都有(you)(you)一定的(de)了解，才能在(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中有(you)(you)一定的(de)準備，不耽誤工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度，也不會影(ying)響整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量。

3加強建(jian)筑工程項目施工技術管理(li)的策略

3.1 施工(gong)準備階段施工(gong)技術管理

強化落實，明確(que)各(ge)級(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)責、權、利，企業主(zhu)管要(yao)支持(chi)總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師做出的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)確(que)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)。組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)全體管理(li)層、操(cao)作層，特別是技術(shu)管理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)學習現(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)標準、規程、圖(tu)集，尤其是對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量驗收規范的(de)(de)(de)學習，明確(que)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中每(mei)個檢驗批(pi)、分(fen)項、分(fen)部(bu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)要(yao)求、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)質(zhi)量標準等要(yao)求，并以(yi)此(ci)來組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、檢查、評定(ding)和(he)驗收。確(que)保能夠對(dui)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場出現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種技術(shu)問題(ti)進行(xing)及(ji)時、準確(que)的(de)(de)(de)解決(jue)(jue)，把設(she)計(ji)圖(tu)紙(zhi)準確(que)地實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場。通過組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)各(ge)專業人(ren)員(yuan)熟悉、審查圖(tu)紙(zhi)，參(can)加(jia)圖(tu)紙(zhi)會審，并從便于(yu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、加(jia)快進度、保證質(zhi)量、降低(di)成本等方(fang)面綜(zong)合考慮，提出合理(li)化建議等。并編(bian)制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)設(she)計(ji)或施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案指(zhi)導施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，每(mei)一個分(fen)項、分(fen)部(bu)都要(yao)進行(xing)有(you)針對(dui)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)安全技術(shu)交(jiao)底，專業性(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)、高危(wei)場所施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)必須有(you)專項施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案及(ji)專項技術(shu)交(jiao)底。

3.2施工階段(duan)的技(ji)術管理

①及(ji)時(shi)(shi)進行技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底： 技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底是一項不容(rong)忽(hu)視的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。對保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量至關重要(yao)(yao)。整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，各分部(bu)分項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程，均需進行及(ji)時(shi)(shi)準(zhun)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底。特殊和(he)隱蔽工(gong)(gong)(gong)程，更應加強術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，應強調(diao)易發生(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量事故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位和(he)成(cheng)品保護以及(ji)建筑材料方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)、基礎施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新結(jie)構，新工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)等。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)負(fu)責(ze)人向下級技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)負(fu)責(ze)人技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)項目技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)負(fu)責(ze)人對工(gong)(gong)(gong)長(chang)、班組(zu)長(chang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底，工(gong)(gong)(gong)長(chang)、班組(zu)長(chang)向工(gong)(gong)(gong)段、班組(zu)進行技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底。通過層(ceng)層(ceng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)(jiao)底，使技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人員、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計意(yi)圖和(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，質(zhi)(zhi)量控(kong)制點，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程做到(dao)心(xin)中(zhong)有數。只有這樣才能使工(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目按合同質(zhi)(zhi)量要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)期要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)交(jiao)(jiao)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)，為用(yong)戶提供滿意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑產(chan)品。

②關于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理：工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量目標的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制管(guan)理是以工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)合同文(wen)件的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量條款為準(zhun)則的(de)(de)(de)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量主要表(biao)現在材質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝及(ji)(ji)維(wei)護保(bao)養等多方(fang)面。在對(dui)重要單(dan)元(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或采用新工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、新技(ji)術(shu)設計的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)元(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時，應(ying)成立攻關小組(zu)，及(ji)(ji)時解(jie)決施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)難題，保(bao)證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量。原材料、成品(pin)材料及(ji)(ji)半成品(pin)材料進場應(ying)嚴格實行質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量控(kong)制。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)因管(guan)理失誤造成的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量問題，不論其(qi)問題嚴重與否，都(dou)應(ying)認真對(dui)待，制定(ding)好處理方(fang)案。

③關(guan)(guan)于工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)(du)與成本的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)：建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)技術管理(li)，必須嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)預先規定的(de)(de)(de)進度(du)(du)目標來全面實(shi)施(shi)進度(du)(du)計劃。隨時關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)能力(li)、設備(bei)和材料(liao)供(gong)應(ying)情況，以及單元(yuan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)形象的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際進度(du)(du)等(deng)；還應(ying)根(gen)據某(mou)些工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際進度(du)(du)及時調(diao)整好(hao)其后續工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)進度(du)(du)計劃安排。為了不影響整體工(gong)期(qi)目標，要注(zhu)意協調(diao)好(hao)分包的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)有工(gong)序銜接關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)面的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)。

3.3竣工階段的(de)施(shi)工技術管理(li)

對竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)項(xiang)目工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)合理(li)的(de)檢(jian)驗與(yu)(yu)評定(ding)(ding)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)借助于(yu)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)方(fang)法、手段對完(wan)成的(de)分部(bu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、分項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)和單(dan)位工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)特性和特征進(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)，通過對規定(ding)(ding)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)與(yu)(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)進(jin)行(xing)比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)，判斷(duan)產品是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)合格。凡是(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)規定(ding)(ding)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)不相(xiang)符(fu)的(de)有關部(bu)位和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，要(yao)在檢(jian)查完(wan)后進(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)關的(de)加固補強(qiang)，凡是(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)規定(ding)(ding)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)相(xiang)符(fu)合的(de)有關部(bu)位和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，檢(jian)查后予(yu)以(yi)通過，對滿足優秀、良好標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)，給予(yu)優良的(de)評價(jia)。質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)檢(jian)查包含以(yi)下幾項(xiang)具(ju)體工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作：①度量(liang)：就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)通過一(yi)些(xie)(xie)手段、方(fang)法進(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)試、測(ce)(ce)量(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作；②比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)：就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)與(yu)(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)進(jin)行(xing)比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)；③判斷(duan)：就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)分析對比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)，根據規定(ding)(ding)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)判斷(duan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)符(fu)合相(xiang)關要(yao)求；④處理(li)：就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對被檢(jian)查的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后產品進(jin)行(xing)評價(jia)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)能夠通過驗收，是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)能繼續進(jin)行(xing)下一(yi)步(bu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，是(shi)(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)使用(yong)一(yi)些(xie)(xie)方(fang)法就(jiu)(jiu)行(xing)補救(jiu)。