生態環境網格化監管現狀研究
時(shi)間:2023-05-17 09:12:52
導語:生態環(huan)境網(wang)格化(hua)監管現(xian)狀研究一文來(lai)源于網(wang)友上傳(chuan),不代表本(ben)站(zhan)觀點,若需(xu)要原創文章可咨(zi)詢客(ke)服老(lao)師,歡(huan)迎參考(kao)。
摘要:新形勢下,我國生態環境保護發展面臨著新的機遇和挑戰,為深入做好污染防治,生態環境網格化監管工作(zuo)需得到進一(yi)步創新,才能更好地挖掘環境監管(guan)盲區。文(wen)章(zhang)綜述了我(wo)國(guo)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境網格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)工作(zuo)的實(shi)施情(qing)況,針對(dui)存在的機制運轉(zhuan)不(bu)暢、聯動性不(bu)足(zu)、信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)建設不(bu)到位(wei)的問題,提出完(wan)善生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境網格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)機制、從“單職(zhi)能網格(ge)(ge)”向“多(duo)職(zhi)能網格(ge)(ge)”轉(zhuan)變、創新生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境網格(ge)(ge)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)建設的對(dui)策(ce)。
關鍵(jian)詞:網格監管;環(huan)境(jing)執法;生態環(huan)境(jing)
生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)網格(ge)化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)是深入貫徹生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明思想(xiang)的(de)重要舉措(cuo),它是以各(ge)(ge)級(ji)屬地政府作(zuo)為(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)責任主體(ti),建立“五定”機制(即(ji)定區域(yu)、定人(ren)(ren)員、定職(zhi)責、定任務、定獎懲(cheng)),形(xing)成“分級(ji)負責、全(quan)面(mian)覆蓋”的(de)網格(ge)化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)系,使(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)區域(yu)更加具體(ti)明確、各(ge)(ge)級(ji)人(ren)(ren)員環保職(zhi)責更加清晰、社(she)會各(ge)(ge)界參與度更加廣泛,從而填(tian)補(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)空白,提高(gao)(gao)(gao)環境(jing)(jing)執(zhi)法效能(neng)[1]。在我國社(she)會經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)正(zheng)處于從高(gao)(gao)(gao)速度向高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)新(xin)形(xing)勢下(xia),人(ren)(ren)民(min)對(dui)美好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)的(de)需(xu)求度越來越高(gao)(gao)(gao),環境(jing)(jing)污染和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)的(de)形(xing)勢仍(reng)為(wei)嚴峻。未來的(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展(zhan)會給生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)帶來無法忽視的(de)壓力,不斷創(chuang)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)網格(ge)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo),可切實幫助(zhu)提升環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)效率。
1我國生態環境網格監管實施情況
1.1國家層面部署(shu)情況
2013年(nian)11月,黨的十八屆(jie)三中(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)《關(guan)于(yu)全(quan)面深(shen)化改(gai)革若干(gan)重大問題的決(jue)定(ding)》提出:要改(gai)進社(she)會(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)方式,創新社(she)會(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)體制,以網(wang)格化管理(li)(li)、社(she)會(hui)化服務(wu)(wu)為(wei)方向,健全(quan)基層綜合服務(wu)(wu)管理(li)(li)平臺[2]。為(wei)著(zhu)力改(gai)善環境(jing)質量,強化環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管,2014年(nian)11月,國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院辦(ban)公廳印發的《關(guan)于(yu)加強環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管執法的通知》對生(sheng)態環境(jing)網(wang)格化監(jian)(jian)管工作提出了明確的要求和指導意見(jian)[3]。
1.2地(di)方(fang)層(ceng)面落實情況(kuang)
為有效貫徹落實生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)作,全國各地先后結合實際制定并印發(fa)相關(guan)實施方(fang)(fang)案(an)。網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)的監(jian)(jian)管(guan)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)進一(yi)步完善現有生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)作體(ti)(ti)系(xi),大大促進環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)作。近幾年,福建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)圍繞建(jian)(jian)立(li)和(he)完善環(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),從企業主體(ti)(ti)責任、信息化(hua)平臺、專(zhuan)家隊伍(wu)、社(she)會公(gong)眾參與、社(she)區(qu)隊伍(wu)和(he)職責、長效機制等方(fang)(fang)面進一(yi)步實化(hua)環(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)作,取得了(le)一(yi)定的成果,是福建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文明試(shi)驗區(qu)建(jian)(jian)設取得的可供推廣(guang)復制的成果之一(yi)。山東省(sheng)開展(zhan)評比(bi)典(dian)型示范(fan)工(gong)(gong)作,通過“以獎代補”推出(chu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)建(jian)(jian)設典(dian)型示范(fan)單位,激(ji)勵(li)地方(fang)(fang)勇于探索創新多種形式(shi)的網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)模(mo)(mo)式(shi),進一(yi)步強化(hua)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)員(yuan)隊伍(wu)建(jian)(jian)設與信息化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設[4]。成都市龍泉驛區(qu)通過科學劃分生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)保(bao)網(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)、招(zhao)聘環(huan)保(bao)協管(guan)員(yuan)、建(jian)(jian)立(li)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)數(shu)據庫等措施實現對轄(xia)區(qu)的全覆蓋監(jian)(jian)管(guan)[5]。沈陽蘇(su)家屯引(yin)入第(di)三(san)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)理服務,全面掌握污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)排放(fang)情況(kuang),實現環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)精細化(hua)和(he)專(zhuan)業化(hua)[6]。
2生態環境網格化監管存在問題
2.1機制(zhi)建設存(cun)在不(bu)足,機制(zhi)運轉不(bu)暢(chang)
生態(tai)環境網格化(hua)監管體(ti)系的(de)“五(wu)定(ding)”機制在實(shi)際運行(xing)過程中,出現不(bu)同程度的(de)問題,造(zao)成無(wu)法(fa)真(zhen)正打通監管“最(zui)后一公里”。
⑴定區域(yu)方面:通(tong)常情況下(xia)生態環境網格(ge)劃分(fen)是(shi)根(gen)據行(xing)政區域(yu)進行(xing)劃分(fen)的(de),但(dan)各地(di)區的(de)污(wu)染源行(xing)業分(fen)布(bu)不同,有些四級(ji)網格(ge)(以社(she)區、村居為主)分(fen)布(bu)大量(liang)的(de)企業,而有些四級(ji)網格(ge)存(cun)在的(de)企業寥寥無幾(ji),若不根(gen)據污(wu)染源分(fen)布(bu)密度安排監管(guan)力量(liang),這(zhe)會(hui)造成監管(guan)力量(liang)與監管(guan)對象的(de)失衡現象。
⑵定人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)方面:大部(bu)分(fen)鄉(xiang)鎮(三級網(wang)格(ge))、村(cun)居(四級網(wang)格(ge))未設置專職生(sheng)態(tai)環境網(wang)格(ge)員(yuan)(yuan),無編制(zhi)和預算經費,目前主要由鄉(xiang)鎮工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)和村(cun)(社(she)區)干(gan)部(bu)兼任網(wang)格(ge)員(yuan)(yuan),他們(men)本就承擔基層的工作負擔,又缺乏環保專業知識,即使加強培訓,發揮監管作用(yong)仍有限。
⑶定(ding)(ding)職(zhi)責方(fang)面:實施方(fang)案中盡管都明晰(xi)列(lie)出各級網(wang)格需承擔的(de)職(zhi)責,但由于生態環境網(wang)格員(yuan)在實際監管中無現場執法權,網(wang)格員(yuan)的(de)檢查權限(xian)受到(dao)很(hen)大限(xian)制,容易錯過(guo)固定(ding)(ding)環境違法行為證據的(de)機會。
⑷定任(ren)務方(fang)面:“分(fen)級管(guan)理”容易造(zao)成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)級向(xiang)(xiang)下級安(an)排傳(chuan)達任(ren)務多(duo),下級向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)級報告少,導致上(shang)(shang)下級網格之間(jian)的聯系貫通(tong)弱化。
⑸定獎(jiang)懲方面:部(bu)分地區缺(que)乏配套考核和獎(jiang)懲措施機制,上級(ji)對下(xia)級(ji)的督促指導作用(yong)不到位。
2.2聯(lian)動性不足
從(cong)橫向上(shang)(shang)(shang)看(kan),生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境網(wang)格(ge)化監(jian)管工(gong)作(zuo)涉及領域廣,這項工(gong)作(zuo)不能只(zhi)由生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)“單打獨(du)斗”,其他部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)同樣負有(you)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境保護(hu)監(jian)管職責(ze)(ze)(“一崗雙(shuang)責(ze)(ze)”),部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)經常出現(xian)各自執(zhi)(zhi)法、交叉執(zhi)(zhi)法的情況,多部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)執(zhi)(zhi)法聯(lian)動有(you)待(dai)加(jia)強。從(cong)縱(zong)向上(shang)(shang)(shang)看(kan),市、縣(一、二級(ji)網(wang)格(ge))容易與鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮、村(cun)(cun)居(ju)(三、四級(ji)網(wang)格(ge))聯(lian)動脫節(jie),因(yin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮和村(cun)(cun)居(ju)網(wang)格(ge)化監(jian)管的人員、經費缺乏(fa),本身(shen)存(cun)在巡查監(jian)管未到位問題(ti),又因(yin)近(jin)幾年機(ji)構(gou)改(gai)革影響,機(ji)構(gou)和人員的調整,加(jia)劇上(shang)(shang)(shang)下級(ji)網(wang)格(ge)監(jian)管工(gong)作(zuo)脫節(jie)。
2.3信(xin)息化(hua)建(jian)設不(bu)到位(wei)
一(yi)方面,雖然各地區先后建(jian)成(cheng)生態環(huan)境網(wang)(wang)(wang)格化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)(tong),但部(bu)分系(xi)統(tong)(tong)依托政務外(wai)網(wang)(wang)(wang),部(bu)分系(xi)統(tong)(tong)依托互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang),尤其是鄉鎮(zhen)、村居(ju)一(yi)般不具備電子政務網(wang)(wang)(wang),這會造成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)下級網(wang)(wang)(wang)格、同級網(wang)(wang)(wang)格之(zhi)間無法(fa)直接共享信息,平(ping)臺(tai)無法(fa)直接將(jiang)環(huan)境違法(fa)信息轉(zhuan)給其他負(fu)有生態環(huan)境保護監管職責的(de)部(bu)門,較難(nan)實現部(bu)門聯動;網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)資源(yuan)不統(tong)(tong)一(yi)也會影響上(shang)(shang)級網(wang)(wang)(wang)格調度下級網(wang)(wang)(wang)格落實巡(xun)查情況的(de)效率,若網(wang)(wang)(wang)格員或執法(fa)人員重復(fu)在系(xi)統(tong)(tong)里錄入信息,在一(yi)定(ding)程度上(shang)(shang)降低工作效率并浪費人力(li)物力(li)[7]。
3對策措施
3.1完善生(sheng)態環境(jing)網格化監管機(ji)制
為(wei)適應新(xin)形勢下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)需求(qiu),各地區應結合(he)地方(fang)(fang)實(shi)(shi)際修訂(ding)完善生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)(fang)案(an)。⑴在定(ding)區域方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian):將原網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體系(xi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)調整、充實(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)提升(sheng),對(dui)(dui)污染程度(du)輕,方(fang)(fang)便管(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge),可(ke)(ke)(ke)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)適當合(he)并(bing)(bing)原單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge);對(dui)(dui)巡查任(ren)務(wu)重、管(guan)(guan)(guan)理難度(du)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),可(ke)(ke)(ke)細化原單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge),并(bing)(bing)將大(da)型(xing)企業(ye)、重點(dian)污染企業(ye)、飲用(yong)水源地等重點(dian)區域,獨(du)立劃分為(wei)重點(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge),由此形成差異化網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。⑵定(ding)人(ren)員(yuan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian):加強生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)力量的(de)(de)(de)配備,除(chu)了在社會上(shang)招錄專(zhuan)職(zhi)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)員(yuan),還可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)志愿隊伍合(he)作或(huo)返聘環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)系(xi)統退休人(ren)才,提高生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)性和(he)(he)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)力。⑶定(ding)職(zhi)責(ze)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian):根(gen)據法(fa)律規定(ding),臨聘人(ren)員(yuan)不具備執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)資格(ge)(ge),建(jian)議在鄉鎮(街道)、村居組建(jian)綜(zong)合(he)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)隊伍,將環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)職(zhi)責(ze)納入鄉鎮(街道)、村居綜(zong)合(he)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)隊伍,賦予綜(zong)合(he)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)隊伍生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)權,可(ke)(ke)(ke)以實(shi)(shi)現(xian)更快掌握企業(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)違法(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)。⑷定(ding)任(ren)務(wu)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian):生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing)(xing),不能只是(shi)下(xia)級網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)完成上(shang)級安排的(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu),上(shang)級網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)也要做好指導(dao)監(jian)督工作。可(ke)(ke)(ke)通過(guo)成立網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)督查隊伍,完善生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)責(ze)任(ren)追究(jiu)機制(zhi),對(dui)(dui)各級網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)職(zhi)責(ze)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況進行(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)期督查和(he)(he)通報。⑸定(ding)獎懲方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian):要落(luo)實(shi)(shi)獎懲并(bing)(bing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機制(zhi),問(wen)責(ze)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)工作履職(zhi)不到位的(de)(de)(de)部門(men)或(huo)個人(ren),表彰獎勵有特色做法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)部門(men)和(he)(he)表現(xian)突出的(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)員(yuan),也可(ke)(ke)(ke)考慮將網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)員(yuan)上(shang)報的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)違法(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)納入有獎舉(ju)報范圍。
3.2從“單職能網格(ge)”向“多職能網格(ge)”轉(zhuan)變
除(chu)了生態(tai)環境部門(men)(men)需要進(jin)行生態(tai)環境網(wang)格(ge)(ge)監管,其他部門(men)(men)如水利部門(men)(men)需要開展河流網(wang)格(ge)(ge)巡(xun)查,交通部門(men)(men)需要開展公路(lu)網(wang)格(ge)(ge)巡(xun)查,林(lin)業(ye)部門(men)(men)需要開展森林(lin)保護巡(xun)查等。這些“單職(zhi)能(neng)網(wang)格(ge)(ge)”類(lei)型的(de)增多(duo)需要更多(duo)的(de)巡(xun)查力量,因此,“單職(zhi)能(neng)網(wang)格(ge)(ge)”被合(he)并為(wei)“多(duo)智能(neng)網(wang)格(ge)(ge)”將成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)必然趨勢。通過(guo)引入第三方組建綜(zong)合(he)巡(xun)查隊伍(wu)或者(zhe)推進(jin)多(duo)領(ling)域網(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(包括生態(tai)環境網(wang)格(ge)(ge)化)與綜(zong)治網(wang)格(ge)(ge)化無縫對接(jie),不僅能(neng)夠精(jing)簡各領(ling)域網(wang)格(ge)(ge)員,避免資金、人力、物(wu)力資源浪費,還(huan)能(neng)夠加強多(duo)部門(men)(men)聯動,減少多(duo)頭執(zhi)法、交叉執(zhi)法等情況,形成(cheng)(cheng)“部門(men)(men)聯治”的(de)格(ge)(ge)局(ju)。
3.3創新生態(tai)環(huan)境網格信息化建(jian)設(she)
生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)(guan)體系(xi)的(de)(de)改進創新離不開(kai)一(yi)(yi)套(tao)完整的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。首先(xian),各地區應避(bi)免重復建設生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)必須打(da)通上下級、同級部門(men)間的(de)(de)聯(lian)動(dong)壁壘,實現從“受(shou)理登記(ji)”環(huan)(huan)(huan)保網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)事件、“批轉(zhuan)分(fen)流”環(huan)(huan)(huan)保網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)事件至相關職能部門(men)、“辦理反饋”事件處理結果(guo)、到(dao)“考(kao)核(he)評估”一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列流程的(de)(de)有效閉(bi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)。其次,環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)違(wei)法行為越(yue)發(fa)隱(yin)蔽,傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)已無法滿足新的(de)(de)監管(guan)(guan)需求,建立智慧(hui)型生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)化(hua)(hua)監管(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)網(wang)(wang)格(ge)(ge)編碼,整合(he)地理信(xin)息(xi)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信(xin)息(xi)等(deng)各要素,并借助遙感監測(ce)、大數據分(fen)析等(deng)手(shou)段,為精準(zhun)發(fa)現違(wei)法問題提供技術支撐。
參考文獻:
[1]李卓立.網格化環境監管保障機制研究[J].低碳世界,2017(21):271-272.
[2]中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨(dang)第(di)十八屆中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)委員會第(di)三次全體會議.中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)關于全面深化改(gai)革若干重大問題的決定[A/OL].(2013-11-12)[2022-09-20].
[3]中(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共(gong)和國中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)人(ren)民政府.國務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)公廳關于加(jia)強環境監(jian)管執法的通知:國辦(ban)發〔2014〕56號[A/OL].(2014-11-27)[2022-09-20].
[4]山東省(sheng)生態環境(jing)廳(ting).發布全(quan)省(sheng)環境(jing)保護突(tu)出問題綜合整治攻堅行動完成情況(kuang)[EB/OL].(2017-9-25)[2022-09-20].
[5]成都(dou)市(shi)龍(long)泉(quan)驛區環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護局.成都(dou)龍(long)泉(quan)驛區:全面提(ti)升環(huan)境(jing)(jing)執法(fa)效能[J].中國環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監察,2017(9):57-58.
[6]侯云騰.沈陽蘇家屯(tun):加強生態環境(jing)(jing)執法網(wang)格化建設[J].中國(guo)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)察,2020(8):44-45.
[7]朱林明.福州市臺(tai)江區生態(tai)環(huan)境監管(guan)執(zhi)法網(wang)格化管(guan)理探析[J].綠色科技,2020(06):164-165;170.
作者(zhe):高(gao)信娟 單位:福建(jian)省平(ping)潭綜(zong)合實(shi)驗(yan)區環境(jing)執法支(zhi)隊
精品范文
10生態旅游的利弊