一、課程背景

1.理(li)論環節較重，應(ying)用性(xing)教育不足

第一，因為(wei)理(li)論(lun)(lun)學習較(jiao)多，但專業實(shi)踐(jian)性環節不足，使得部分學生出(chu)校后不能(neng)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)社(she)會(hui)需(xu)求(qiu)，空有理(li)論(lun)(lun)知識，無(wu)動手(shou)能(neng)力，不能(neng)很快適(shi)應(ying)(ying)社(she)會(hui)崗(gang)位的(de)(de)需(xu)要；第二，沒有更多符(fu)合(he)(he)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)災(zai)情國(guo)情、反(fan)映(ying)(ying)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)災(zai)害(hai)防治的(de)(de)發(fa)展與(yu)現(xian)實(shi)的(de)(de)案(an)(an)例，以供教學參考和利用；第三，目前(qian)，西南科技(ji)大學環境與(yu)資源學院(yuan)地(di)質(zhi)工程(cheng)國(guo)家(jia)級特色專業正(zheng)在建設中，如何提升我(wo)(wo)校地(di)質(zhi)工程(cheng)專業教育的(de)(de)特色，又如何創(chuang)建一套新(xin)的(de)(de)依托(tuo)我(wo)(wo)校資源又能(neng)體現(xian)國(guo)家(jia)級特色專業的(de)(de)“災(zai)害(hai)地(di)質(zhi)學”課程(cheng)培養方案(an)(an)，而探究式教學模(mo)式與(yu)學生創(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)力培養相結合(he)(he)的(de)(de)方案(an)(an)正(zheng)符(fu)合(he)(he)教學科研(yan)型高校教學特點，既有我(wo)(wo)校特色又有研(yan)究應(ying)(ying)用價(jia)值，并能(neng)夠反(fan)映(ying)(ying)社(she)會(hui)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)課程(cheng)培養模(mo)式。

2.不(bu)注意(yi)角色轉換，教學效(xiao)果(guo)較(jiao)差(cha)

專業課(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)育(yu)，教(jiao)師必(bi)須從(cong)單純教(jiao)育(yu)者的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)色轉(zhuan)化為(wei)對學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)未來(lai)工作的(de)(de)(de)參(can)與者、組織者的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)色。學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)必(bi)須從(cong)被動接受(shou)者的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)色轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)未來(lai)職業培養(yang)而接受(shou)教(jiao)育(yu)者的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)色。我們(men)很多(duo)教(jiao)師仍然習(xi)慣(guan)于以前的(de)(de)(de)滿堂灌，甚(shen)至(zhi)填(tian)鴨式的(de)(de)(de)課(ke)堂講(jiang)授，而學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)采取全盤(pan)接受(shou)，甚(shen)至(zhi)死記(ji)硬背的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)方式；課(ke)程(cheng)結(jie)束時(shi)以考試(shi)成(cheng)績作為(wei)衡(heng)量學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)考核方法，這樣培養(yang)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)到了真正的(de)(de)(de)工作崗位上會感覺大學(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)一(yi)無所獲。因此，將探究式教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)模式引入(ru)到“災害地質學(xue)(xue)”課(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)中是非(fei)常(chang)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)，也是非(fei)常(chang)有助于提高我校人(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)質量的(de)(de)(de)方法和途徑。

二、研(yan)究方(fang)法與(yu)內容(rong)

研究生培養的使命

（1）一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)(he)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構比(bi)例。盡管(guan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)有(you)(you)很多困難(nan)，特別是(shi)(shi)空間困難(nan)，但是(shi)(shi)，研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)不僅(jin)不能(neng)縮小，而且應該盡一切可能(neng)適當擴大(da)，特別是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴大(da)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免(mian)(mian)推研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術型碩(shuo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)與(yu)比(bi)例。博(bo)(bo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免(mian)(mian)推研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術型碩(shuo)士(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不僅(jin)能(neng)產(chan)出(chu)大(da)量(liang)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，而且是(shi)(shi)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)力(li)量(liang)。（2）全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)市優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)志。北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)市優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)評(ping)選(xuan)雖然起步較晚，但是(shi)(shi)程序規(gui)范，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求標(biao)準高(gao)(gao)，競爭(zheng)激(ji)烈，是(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預選(xuan)賽(sai)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)從研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育起家、以(yi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)）必須長期不懈地重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)市優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)出(chu)，這既是(shi)(shi)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)志，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養“杰出(chu)青年基金”獲(huo)得(de)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)奏(zou)。（3）SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)與(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)（影響(xiang)因(yin)子和(he)(he)引用(yong)率）。盡管(guan)對SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)有(you)(you)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看法，但是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)）現(xian)在依然沒有(you)(you)超越SCI階(jie)段(duan)。為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)提高(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)，必須下大(da)力(li)氣(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)和(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。當每個研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都可以(yi)發表高(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時，我們才有(you)(you)資格討論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)目前(qian)依然是(shi)(shi)人才培(pei)(pei)(pei)養、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)建設(she)、研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)團(tuan)隊(dui)建設(she)、科(ke)研成果評(ping)獎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)基礎。中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)）不能(neng)再走(zou)僅(jin)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)數量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老路(lu)(lu)，而要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)更加重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)SCI的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，催生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)影響(xiang)因(yin)子SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)出(chu)，才能(neng)后來居上，實現(xian)跨越式發展。（4）發明專利數量(liang)與(yu)轉化(hua)(hua)率。中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)）有(you)(you)一定數量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工科(ke)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，除了(le)(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)高(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)外(wai)，還應鼓(gu)勵(li)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多獲(huo)得(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家發明專利，特別是(shi)(shi)具有(you)(you)廣闊市場前(qian)景(jing)、易于(yu)(yu)轉化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發明專利。（5）國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)程度與(yu)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)。研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)不僅(jin)有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)提高(gao)(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)視(shi)野，而且為(wei)(wei)擴大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)影響(xiang)提供了(le)(le)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)平(ping)(ping)臺，也(ye)會大(da)大(da)促(cu)進學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)科(ke)研水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)上臺階(jie)。中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)）要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)實現(xian)地球科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)領域世界一流大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長遠辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)目標(biao)，提高(gao)(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)程度和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際化(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)是(shi)(shi)必由之路(lu)(lu)。

研究生培養面臨的(de)挑戰

遙想當年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）在地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)獨(du)領風騷，成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育戰線(xian)一(yi)(yi)道亮麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風景。近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)雖然學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)發展很(hen)快，但研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)出現了(le)(le)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難，面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)著新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑戰，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)表現在下列幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)。（1）師(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)力(li)(li)量有(you)(you)限(xian)，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)偏(pian)多(duo)(duo)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)現有(you)(you)專任教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)866人(ren)(ren)(ren)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)正高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級職稱(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)191人(ren)(ren)(ren)，副(fu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級職稱(cheng)(cheng)269人(ren)(ren)(ren)。2012年(nian)(nian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)實際(ji)報(bao)到(dao)(dao)碩士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)1743人(ren)(ren)(ren)，博(bo)士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)377人(ren)(ren)(ren)。如(ru)果這(zhe)些(xie)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全部(bu)由(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)正高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級職稱(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平均(jun)(jun)每人(ren)(ren)(ren)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)2名博(bo)士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)正、副(fu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級職稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平均(jun)(jun)每人(ren)(ren)(ren)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)3.8名碩士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。按研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)時間為(wei)3年(nian)(nian)計(ji)算(suan)，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)正高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級職稱(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平均(jun)(jun)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)6名博(bo)士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和11.4名碩士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。相對于(yu)(yu)(yu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)力(li)(li)量來(lai)說，我校(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模偏(pian)大(da)(da)，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)太(tai)多(duo)(duo)，特別(bie)是(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)統優勢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)太(tai)多(duo)(duo)，負擔太(tai)重(zhong)，壓力(li)(li)過大(da)(da)，疲于(yu)(yu)(yu)奔命，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅影響(xiang)了(le)(le)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身心健康，影響(xiang)了(le)(le)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，也(ye)使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)管理政策(ce)失靈。（2）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量有(you)(you)待改(gai)善(shan)(shan)(shan)，非地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)偏(pian)多(duo)(duo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)就(jiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)就(jiu)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)規(gui)律，即學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)么(me)選擇(ze)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)么(me)選擇(ze)比自己學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)聲望高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)單位(wei)，很(hen)少(shao)有(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)選擇(ze)比自己學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)聲望低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)單位(wei)讀(du)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。30多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)前，由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)各種(zhong)原因，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首選之地(di)(di)(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)光長(chang)(chang)春地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)、成都(dou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)、河北(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)、西安地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)青睞(lai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)），而且北(bei)京(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、浙江大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)紛紛加(jia)盟。加(jia)上當時招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數很(hen)少(shao)，招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選優，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)很(hen)好(hao)。經過30年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)范圍越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)大(da)(da)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)考(kao)就(jiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)就(jiu)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)明顯。近幾年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)幾乎見(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京(jing)(jing)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、西北(bei)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、浙江大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)向作用，近年(nian)(nian)我校(xiao)(xiao)傳(chuan)(chuan)統優勢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)比例明顯下降(jiang)，跨專業(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比例明顯提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，非優勢專業(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比例增長(chang)(chang)過猛，導(dao)(dao)致研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)下降(jiang)。跨專業(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成才(cai)率(lv)(lv)(lv)太(tai)低(di)，對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)核心競爭力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)獻(xian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，非傳(chuan)(chuan)統優勢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)核心競爭力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)獻(xian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。（3）培(pei)養(yang)(yang)環節(jie)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)改(gai)善(shan)(shan)(shan)。目前中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)在課(ke)程教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、實踐教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成果產(chan)出與轉化(hua)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)管理都(dou)比較粗放，體現學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)志不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)改(gai)善(shan)(shan)(shan)。（4）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)與科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀器(qi)脫鉤(gou)，導(dao)(dao)致動手能(neng)力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)強，發展后勁不(bu)(bu)(bu)足。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)題其(qi)實也(ye)可以歸結到(dao)(dao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)環節(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。之所(suo)以將這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)題單獨(du)拿出來(lai)，是(shi)因為(wei)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)題太(tai)突出了(le)(le)。留(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐表明，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國人(ren)(ren)(ren)對書本(ben)知識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)能(neng)力(li)(li)絕(jue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)比外國人(ren)(ren)(ren)差，直到(dao)(dao)碩士(shi)(shi)階段(duan)都(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)明顯輸(shu)給外國人(ren)(ren)(ren)，但在博(bo)士(shi)(shi)階段(duan)實驗室動手能(neng)力(li)(li)普遍(bian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。這(zhe)與我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)與科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀器(qi)脫鉤(gou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)無關系(xi)(xi)。（5）鼓勵創新(xin)(xin)型、拔尖型人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)脫穎而出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)體系(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)完善(shan)(shan)(shan)，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)政策(ce)執(zhi)行(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)位(wei)，大(da)(da)鍋飯現象(xiang)盛行(xing)，耗費了(le)(le)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)量優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)，影響(xiang)了(le)(le)拔尖人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)(yang)和標志性(xing)成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)出。（6）國際(ji)化(hua)程度與國際(ji)化(hua)水(shui)平不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，主(zhu)體限(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)國內辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，雖有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國際(ji)交流，但規(gui)模不(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)，水(shui)平也(ye)有(you)(you)限(xian)。（7）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理多(duo)(duo)為(wei)按部(bu)就(jiu)班的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服務(wu)，創新(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)，特別(bie)是(shi)對全局具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)帶動作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)。

研究生培養的出路

1.加(jia)(jia)長板凳，利用(yong)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)盡(jin)管(guan)(guan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)很(hen)(hen)多(duo)(duo)(duo)困難(nan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)挑(tiao)戰，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)空間和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)長遠利益(yi)出(chu)(chu)發(fa)(fa)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)縮(suo)小，而(er)(er)且(qie)應(ying)(ying)該盡(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)適當擴(kuo)大(da)(da)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、免(mian)推(tui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)型(xing)(xing)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)比例(li)。為了(le)解(jie)決(jue)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)短缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)采(cai)取利用(yong)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，來(lai)(lai)彌補(bu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)過(guo)聘請與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)吸納中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)局、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)局大(da)(da)區研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)所及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)調(diao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)，各(ge)省地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)局（廳）、各(ge)省地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、各(ge)省級地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)館、石油(you)公司、油(you)田、礦(kuang)(kuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)公司等(deng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)。近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、礦(kuang)(kuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、石油(you)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、環(huan)境(jing)等(deng)市(shi)場持(chi)續火爆，經(jing)(jing)費(fei)充足(zu)，而(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)緊張，對(dui)(dui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)這種(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)很(hen)(hen)旺，而(er)(er)且(qie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)批(pi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)帶(dai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)情(qing)。這些(xie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦成為我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)允(yun)許甚至鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)本(ben)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職工(gong)(gong)報(bao)(bao)考(kao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，可(ke)(ke)明(ming)(ming)顯擴(kuo)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)脈。來(lai)(lai)自一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)產(chan)出(chu)(chu)SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概率(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，就地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題(ti)，少(shao)占學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。這項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)緩(huan)解(jie)我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)擔過(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)利于提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，也會(hui)(hui)(hui)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣泛聯系(xi)(xi)。這項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)出(chu)(chu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注意(yi)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)三(san)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)從(cong)(cong)(cong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)上(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)免(mian)推(tui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)流失；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遴選(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序公開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)透明(ming)(ming)，既要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)，又(you)(you)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，以(yi)(yi)此保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)譽；三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)雙(shuang)(shuang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主管(guan)(guan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主管(guan)(guan)日常(chang)行(xing)為，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)歸屬感。2.提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，改(gai)善(shan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構改(gai)善(shan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)減少(shao)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錄取比例(li)，調(diao)整研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構。解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)可(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)下(xia)(xia)列(lie)幾條：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)(ming)確專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)(xing)極(ji)(ji)(ji)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)密(mi)切(qie)相關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)，積極(ji)(ji)(ji)鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)交(jiao)叉，但(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)主張大(da)(da)幅度(du)(du)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)報(bao)(bao)考(kao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)及(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)密(mi)切(qie)相關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)考(kao)試(shi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)目(mu)(mu)(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)；三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按(an)照導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)限(xian)制一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)簡(jian)章中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)明(ming)(ming)確標出(chu)(chu)限(xian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)；四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隱性(xing)(xing)(xing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)檻；五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)試(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)復(fu)試(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淘汰率(lv)(lv)。通(tong)過(guo)這些(xie)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構，減少(shao)大(da)(da)幅度(du)(du)跨專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)。當然，優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)很(hen)(hen)好(hao)把握的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)。3.進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)環(huan)節(jie)（1）課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)：適當減少(shao)必(bi)修(xiu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)比例(li)，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)選(xuan)修(xiu)課(ke)(ke)(ke)比例(li)；增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)類別(bie)，減少(shao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)門(men)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)時數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)；讓(rang)(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)更多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)(hui)。課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于教(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)干什么(me)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)怎(zen)么(me)干，而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于教(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如何學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)這門(men)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。（2）招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)：積極(ji)(ji)(ji)推(tui)進(jin)按(an)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)級學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，既要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)壓(ya)縮(suo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)時，又(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)影(ying)響研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)讓(rang)(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)(hui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)門(men)走出(chu)(chu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)立足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手藝和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)本(ben)領(ling)。（3）增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)支持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。將(jiang)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)掛(gua)鉤。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評(ping)選(xuan)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)，引導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)。（4）密(mi)切(qie)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀(yi)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，讓(rang)(rang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)從(cong)(cong)(cong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)、采(cai)樣(yang)(yang)、測試(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)測試(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)解(jie)釋都自己動(dong)(dong)手完(wan)成，通(tong)過(guo)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)動(dong)(dong)手能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。（5）在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“產(chan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”、“研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)聯合(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”建設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，爭(zheng)(zheng)取實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)“卓(zhuo)越工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)計劃”，從(cong)(cong)(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)層面(mian)(mian)獲得支持(chi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所建立更加(jia)(jia)密(mi)切(qie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)解(jie)決(jue)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)短缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現狀。（6）充分(fen)(fen)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)“雙(shuang)(shuang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制”在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，取得研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)雙(shuang)(shuang)豐收(shou)。“雙(shuang)(shuang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制”有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩種(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內正(zheng)(zheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)副(fu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)拉近研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離。另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)正(zheng)(zheng)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)內副(fu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，使(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)歸屬感。（7）狠抓(zhua)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)依然是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標志(zhi)(zhi)。SCI論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、發(fa)(fa)明(ming)(ming)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利依然是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)最(zui)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)(zhun)。讓(rang)(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)盡(jin)早(zao)進(jin)入(ru)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)環(huan)節(jie)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)增(zeng)長才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)干，根(gen)據(ju)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)行(xing)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)僅(jin)僅(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為拿(na)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手段(duan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)將(jiang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)割(ge)裂開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)來(lai)(lai)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)標志(zhi)(zhi)。（8）改(gai)革(ge)“全(quan)(quan)(quan)日制工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)案，使(shi)之與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)型(xing)(xing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所區別(bie)，更加(jia)(jia)側重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)于實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)環(huan)節(jie)。可(ke)(ke)嘗試(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)“全(quan)(quan)(quan)日制工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)上(shang)課(ke)(ke)(ke)修(xiu)拿(na)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)線（時間先(xian)(xian)后可(ke)(ke)調(diao)整）；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，只(zhi)(zhi)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)設(she)(she)(she)計；由(you)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)共(gong)同考(kao)核(he)等(deng)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)法(fa)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)(xian)行(xing)試(shi)點(dian)，取得經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)，然后推(tui)廣。4.鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)拔尖(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)脫(tuo)穎而(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)平(ping)均主義不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)白(bai)浪費(fei)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，必(bi)須堅持(chi)“效(xiao)益(yi)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)，兼顧公平(ping)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則，鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)冒尖(jian)，讓(rang)(rang)冒尖(jian)者(zhe)得到更多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)惠與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，讓(rang)(rang)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都安于創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，樂于冒尖(jian)，用(yong)于冒尖(jian)。圍(wei)繞創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)冒尖(jian)組(zu)織和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)分(fen)(fen)配資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。下(xia)(xia)列(lie)幾項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)(ying)常(chang)抓(zhua)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)懈：實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”，出(chu)(chu)臺(tai)碩(shuo)(shuo)-博(bo)(bo)連讀研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)激(ji)勵(li)(li)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，本(ben)碩(shuo)(shuo)連讀研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)激(ji)勵(li)(li)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)拔尖(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，包括拔尖(jian)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)破格留(liu)(liu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，形(xing)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)沖擊“全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群體(ti)(ti)，備(bei)戰“杰出(chu)(chu)青(qing)年(nian)基(ji)金”，為未(wei)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儲(chu)備(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)統(tong)籌資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)扶持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)度(du)(du)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)拔尖(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，給優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)更多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)(hui)，促進(jin)標志(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)出(chu)(chu)。根(gen)本(ben)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擔心(xin)派(pai)出(chu)(chu)去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)回來(lai)(lai)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)放初期(qi)選(xuan)派(pai)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成功經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例(li)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。應(ying)(ying)該像愛護(hu)野(ye)山參苗(miao)(miao)(miao)子一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)愛護(hu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)拔尖(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)子。這樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)子實(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太難(nan)得了(le)，簡(jian)直是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)遇而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。所以(yi)(yi)，應(ying)(ying)該聚全(quan)(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)之力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，像重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)“杰青(qing)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)“百(bai)篇(pian)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)“北(bei)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”獲得者(zhe)。“百(bai)優(you)(you)(you)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“杰青(qing)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)子。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，對(dui)(dui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)對(dui)(dui)待，采(cai)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)投入(ru)，讓(rang)(rang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)益(yi)，為學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)更大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。還要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)改(gai)革(ge)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算方(fang)法(fa)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為標準(zhun)(zhun)計算向(xiang)(xiang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)、以(yi)(yi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為主計算工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)轉變(bian)，讓(rang)(rang)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)關(guan)(guan)心(xin)自身利益(yi)出(chu)(chu)發(fa)(fa)來(lai)(lai)關(guan)(guan)心(xin)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。5.國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)水平(ping)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)接受國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)水平(ping)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)自己所從(cong)(cong)(cong)事研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)接受教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)并(bing)聯合(he)發(fa)(fa)表(biao)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)途徑或者(zhe)說是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)必(bi)由(you)之路是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)。通(tong)過(guo)下(xia)(xia)列(lie)途徑提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)課(ke)(ke)(ke)率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)率(lv)(lv)：（1）加(jia)(jia)強公派(pai)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)；（2）資(zi)(zi)助研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)交(jiao)流；（3）舉辦國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)壇（如中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日韓研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)壇）；（4）與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)；（5）系(xi)(xi)統(tong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)辦研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)名師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)講堂，將(jiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)納入(ru)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)基(ji)金委項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)自主資(zi)(zi)助力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)度(du)(du)，設(she)(she)(she)立研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)交(jiao)流與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)金，資(zi)(zi)助部分(fen)(fen)優(you)(you)(you)勢學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)或交(jiao)流。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)資(zi)(zi)助我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)，另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)吸引國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)留(liu)(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)來(lai)(lai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。加(jia)(jia)強與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，探索與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)著名高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)聯合(he)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)授予工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，促進(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)復(fu)合(he)型(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)我(wo)(wo)(wo)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)水平(ping)，而(er)(er)且(qie)，對(dui)(dui)于研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)務國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)市(shi)場、培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)世界公民具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)現實(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)義。目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)對(dui)(dui)出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)積極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)積極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。由(you)于政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)放任自流，指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)老(lao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)理(li)(li)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)大(da)(da)時希望(wang)把能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)干的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)留(liu)(liu)下(xia)(xia)來(lai)(lai)干項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)深(shen)造(zao)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)，更要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)上(shang)調(diao)動(dong)(dong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)(li)幫助學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，對(dui)(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)層次(ci)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)子進(jin)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非常(chang)規(gui)(gui)干預。6.研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)把研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)當做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)范圍(wei)內緊緊圍(wei)繞提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)立項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)深(shen)入(ru)細致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，找出(chu)(chu)規(gui)(gui)律(lv)，指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)舞臺(tai)上(shang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)早(zao)試(shi)辦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)33所研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至少(shao)應(ying)(ying)該在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某些(xie)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所建樹(shu)，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)特色。我(wo)(wo)(wo)們不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足(zu)于遵循規(gui)(gui)律(lv)，而(er)(er)且(qie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據(ju)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總(zong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)規(gui)(gui)律(lv)。加(jia)(jia)強學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)風建設(she)(she)(she)，對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將(jiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)拳出(chu)(chu)擊，絕(jue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)手軟(ruan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)正(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)于艱苦(ku)卓(zhuo)絕(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奮斗期(qi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)則退(tui)(tui)，退(tui)(tui)則死(si)路一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條。對(dui)(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)來(lai)(lai)說，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)風不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)端、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)造(zao)假(jia)會(hui)(hui)(hui)成為壓(ya)死(si)駱駝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根(gen)稻草，會(hui)(hui)(hui)讓(rang)(rang)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們前(qian)(qian)(qian)功盡(jin)棄，會(hui)(hui)(hui)讓(rang)(rang)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們二次(ci)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)希望(wang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標化(hua)為泡影(ying)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)像愛護(hu)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眼睛一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)珍惜我(wo)(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)聲(sheng)譽。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)圍(wei)繞提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，注重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)標志(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)出(chu)(chu)，進(jin)而(er)(er)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)核(he)心(xin)競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)(jia)強督(du)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)員(yuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍(wu)(wu)建設(she)(she)(she)，發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)離退(tui)(tui)休教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)控力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)度(du)(du)。推(tui)進(jin)優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)(xiu)博(bo)(bo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遴選(xuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)留(liu)(liu)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)相關(guan)(guan)制度(du)(du)建設(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)評(ping)優(you)(you)(you)、指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)評(ping)優(you)(you)(you)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)評(ping)優(you)(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，細化(hua)相關(guan)(guan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)辦法(fa)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)訣(jue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于服(fu)務、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)折騰(teng)(teng)。服(fu)務在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于堅持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則性(xing)(xing)(xing)，創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于利用(yong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，讓(rang)(rang)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務于提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心(xin)競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)折騰(teng)(teng)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)折騰(teng)(teng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)折騰(teng)(teng)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)老(lao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)折騰(teng)(teng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)，營(ying)造(zao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)諧向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)環(huan)境(jing)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)（北(bei)京(jing)(jing)）正(zheng)(zheng)站(zhan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史起(qi)點(dian)上(shang)，迎來(lai)(lai)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)機(ji)(ji)遇。這種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)遇稍縱即逝。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二次(ci)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肩負(fu)著重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史使(shi)命，時不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)待，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們則需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)盡(jin)快(kuai)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)起(qi)來(lai)(lai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)拓創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，制定(ding)(ding)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)條例(li)并(bing)盡(jin)快(kuai)試(shi)行(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)充完(wan)善(shan)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)執行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)公開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)、公正(zheng)(zheng)、公平(ping)、透明(ming)(ming)、合(he)理(li)(li)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)條例(li)足(zu)額(e)到位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)效(xiao)益(yi)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，服(fu)務于學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)核(he)心(xin)競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。

近代西(xi)文(wen)科技期(qi)刊(kan)在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)呈現(xian)，最早(zao)能夠追(zhui)溯到1887年(nian)創刊(kan)于上海的(de)(de)《博醫(yi)(yi)會報》(TheChinaMedicalMissionaryAssociation)，它是(shi)(shi)由在(zai)上海的(de)(de)外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)布道醫(yi)(yi)師成(cheng)立(li)的(de)(de)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)博醫(yi)(yi)會興(xing)辦，英(ying)文(wen)刊(kan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)后還(huan)呈現(xian)了(le)中、英(ying)文(wen)合刊(kan)的(de)(de)《約翰聲(sheng)》(1889年(nian))、法文(wen)的(de)(de)《徐(xu)家匯(hui)氣(qi)候磁氣(qi)查詢臺報》(1901年(nian))、俄文(wen)的(de)(de)《防鼠疫(yi)通報》(1910年(nian))等［1］。這些期(qi)刊(kan)盡管都是(shi)(shi)外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)興(xing)辦的(de)(de)，但(dan)對我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)文(wen)科技期(qi)刊(kan)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)起到了(le)活躍的(de)(de)效果。特別是(shi)(shi)《博醫(yi)(yi)會報》，它直接催生(sheng)了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人自己興(xing)辦的(de)(de)中、英(ying)文(wen)合刊(kan)的(de)(de)《中華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學雜(za)志(zhi)》;其(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)1932年(nian)和《中華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學雜(za)志(zhi)》英(ying)文(wen)部分(fen)兼并，成(cheng)為影(ying)響深遠的(de)(de)《中華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學雜(za)志(zhi)(英(ying)文(wen)版)》。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人獨立(li)興(xing)辦的(de)(de)西(xi)文(wen)科技期(qi)刊(kan)呈現(xian)在(zai)辛亥革命(ming)之后，盡管比中文(wen)科技期(qi)刊(kan)晚了(le)多(duo)年(nian)，但(dan)開展迅速，十數年(nian)間(jian)就生(sheng)長為在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內外都有巨大影(ying)響、展示我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)時最高研(yan)(yan)討成(cheng)果的(de)(de)舞臺。關于近代我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人興(xing)辦的(de)(de)西(xi)文(wen)科技期(qi)刊(kan)，前人的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)討根本(ben)都是(shi)(shi)個案(an)研(yan)(yan)討［2－6］，本(ben)文(wen)將全面整理其(qi)(qi)(qi)存在(zai)的(de)(de)態式以(yi)及演進(jin)的(de)(de)進(jin)程，并深化(hua)探究其(qi)(qi)(qi)存在(zai)和開展的(de)(de)多(duo)方原因。

1近代西文科技期(qi)刊存在的態式

1．1中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。《國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)立武(wu)漢大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理科(ke)季刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》《東(dong)吳學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報》《圖(tu)書(shu)季刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》《電(dian)機工程(cheng)》等(deng)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)(jin)代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，大(da)都(dou)選(xuan)用(yong)前(qian)半(ban)部(bu)分(fen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、后半(ban)部(bu)分(fen)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)排方法(fa)，也有(you)(you)少量是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)混排(這(zhe)種期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)份額往(wang)往(wang)比較小)。期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)用(yong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也首要為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)(ying)(ying)、法(fa)、德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，且大(da)多數(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。在(zai)表1所(suo)列刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)兩(liang)個刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物值(zhi)得注意:《麻瘋(feng)季刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》(TheLeperQuarterly)和《同(tong)(tong)(tong)濟醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)月(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》(Tung-ChiMedizinischeMonatsschrift)。其他中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物，其間文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容是不相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)這(zhe)兩(liang)個刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物，其間文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)內容與(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)內容相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。《麻瘋(feng)季刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》前(qian)半(ban)部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，后半(ban)部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，內容根(gen)本(ben)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。而(er)《同(tong)(tong)(tong)濟醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)月(yue)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)》，德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)內容不光相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，并(bing)(bing)且徹底(di)同(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu):左半(ban)欄(lan)是德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，右半(ban)欄(lan)是德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)翻譯。1.2中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)分(fen)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。《清(qing)(qing)華(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報》(TheTsingHuaJournal)，1915年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)由清(qing)(qing)華(hua)校(xiao)園清(qing)(qing)華(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報社(she)興(xing)辦(ban)，分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)兩(liang)個版(ban)(ban)別距離(li)出(chu)書(shu)。1915年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)1919年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)書(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)4卷(juan)(juan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，1，3，5，7期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban)，第5卷(juan)(juan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2，4，6，8期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban)。其他各期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban)。該(gai)(gai)(gai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)1920至(zhi)(zhi)1923年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)停刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)復刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)時(shi)，由于有(you)(you)老師和學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)“清(qing)(qing)華(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)制，名為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)偏重，而(er)實(shi)則偏重西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，故學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)日(ri)薄西(xi)(xi)(xi)山”［7］而(er)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)止了(le)(le)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban)。1927年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，該(gai)(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)又改變為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)同(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)后合排。1.3西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)(jin)代首要的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)如表2所(suo)示。除(chu)了(le)(le)表2中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)列刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)物，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)(jin)代西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)還有(you)(you)《國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)立清(qing)(qing)華(hua)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理科(ke)陳述》(英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen))、《我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)物理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報》(西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen))、Yunnania(英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen))、《科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)記(ji)載》(英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen))、《我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)通(tong)訊》(英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen))等(deng)。《我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)(zhi)》(ChineseJournalofPhysi-ology)，原則上可(ke)用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)、法(fa)、德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字書(shu)寫(xie)，但(dan)實(shi)際(ji)上，除(chu)已故會(hui)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)列傳(chuan)，該(gai)(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)所(suo)發論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)悉數(shu)是西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，且絕大(da)多數(shu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)都(dou)是用(yong)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寫(xie)成，因而(er)將該(gai)(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)列入西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。《我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報》(Jour-nalofChineseMathematicalSociety)也是如此。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)(jin)代西(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)，根(gen)本(ben)都(dou)隸屬于北平(ping)研討院(yuan)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央研討院(yuan)兩(liang)大(da)研討院(yuan)以及其時(shi)具有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)安(an)排，比方我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)質學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)、靜生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物查(cha)詢所(suo)等(deng)。其所(suo)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)發的(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，代表了(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)(jin)代各科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)范(fan)疇里的(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)及我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)技期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)贏得了(le)(le)必定的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)位置。1．4合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)到專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉化(hua)(hua)。《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)(zhi)》(TheNationalMedicalJour-nalofChina)，1915年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)創(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)于上海，由上海中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)編(bian)輯(ji)出(chu)書(shu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan);1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)分(fen)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)(zhi)》英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban)和《博(bo)醫(yi)(yi)會(hui)報》兼并(bing)(bing)，成為(wei)(wei)(wei)影響深遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)(zhi)(英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版(ban)(ban))》，正式定名為(wei)(wei)(wei)TheChineseMedicalJournal。《化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工程(cheng)》(ChemicalEngineering)，1934年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創(chuang)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)于天津(jin)，由我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)興(xing)辦(ban)。第1期(qi)(qi)(qi)即(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)。1935年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)便于國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)溝通(tong)，進步(bu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術位置，決議用(yong)英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)宣布(bu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。但(dan)此后該(gai)(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)所(suo)發論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)并(bing)(bing)不滿是英(ying)(ying)(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，有(you)(you)些(xie)期(qi)(qi)(qi)次中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還有(you)(you)必定量的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。因而(er)，該(gai)(gai)(gai)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)從合刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)到專(zhuan)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉化(hua)(hua)并(bing)(bing)不徹底(di)。

2近(jin)代西文科技期刊存在的原因(yin)

2．1加(jia)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)爭(zheng)(zheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)席(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。20世紀二三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)代(dai)，跟著我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)體系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷開(kai)(kai)展與(yu)(yu)完善，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，如地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等最(zui)早鼓起(qi)(qi)，其(qi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)成果(guo)(guo)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)［6］。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)開(kai)(kai)端尋(xun)求(qiu)(qiu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置。翁文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)灝在(zai)(zai)(zai)《怎(zen)么開(kai)(kai)展我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)提問:“當此(ci)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)猛進(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)界(jie)(jie)貢獻幾何(he)，方(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)怎(zen)么……”［8］我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)要想(xiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上爭(zheng)(zheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)席(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)，最(zui)直(zhi)接最(zui)有用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)經過本國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，把(ba)本國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)成果(guo)(guo)推舉給國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。可是(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干流言(yan)語(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)相(xiang)同，處于(yu)非常邊際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。因而(er)，興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，成了(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)和(he)(he)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑(tiao)選。正(zheng)如謝家榮(1898—1966)在(zai)(zai)(zai)談(tan)及《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)志(zhi)》興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)時(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)說(shuo);“……因(《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)志(zhi)》)所(suo)載多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)專門(men)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)便(bian)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)計，率用(yong)英德法三(san)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字宣(xuan)布，實為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)法，非故為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)別具一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)格。”［9］一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)，《化工》雜(za)志(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《本刊(kan)(kan)(kan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨趣(qu)與(yu)(yu)內(nei)容》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)，講到(dao)(dao)(dao)《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)志(zhi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以挑(tiao)選西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo):“用(yong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)宣(xuan)布，期(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)化學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)占得(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)當之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置……”［7］便(bian)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)爭(zheng)(zheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)席(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近代(dai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)首(shou)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)達此(ci)意(yi)圖(tu)(tu)，這些西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)對(dui)(dui)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要求(qiu)(qiu)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，所(suo)發(fa)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)光代(dai)表了(le)(le)其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)、并且(qie)(qie)具有較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)。例如《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)》(ChineseJournalofPhysi-ology)，對(dui)(dui)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要求(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，以至(zhi)于(yu)后來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)院(yuan)士曾昭掄(1899—1967)在(zai)(zai)(zai)1935年(nian)(nian)感嘆道(dao):“是(shi)(shi)(shi)項刊(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)，迄今仍為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)專門(men)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)物(wu)中(zhong)選材最(zui)嚴格者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。”［10］我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要用(yong)自(zi)(zi)己所(suo)興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)讓國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)知(zhi)道(dao)“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民族(zu)，必(bi)能開(kai)(kai)展科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，而(er)不(bu)行輕辱(ru)……以少量(liang)貧苦無力(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)人，圖(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家民族(zu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)同人中(zhong)，博(bo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)稱贊，爭(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口氣”［11］。2.2留(liu)住(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，招(zhao)引國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)界(jie)(jie)挑(tiao)選興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，還(huan)由(you)于(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)想(xiang)要承載高(gao)(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)還(huan)很(hen)(hen)困難(nan)。從(cong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)言(yan)，從(cong)豎排到(dao)(dao)(dao)橫(heng)排，新式(shi)標點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)，公式(shi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)語(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引進(jin)，近代(dai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)體在(zai)(zai)(zai)短時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)內(nei)不(bu)斷得(de)(de)(de)(de)以演進(jin)，但遠(yuan)未(wei)完善和(he)(he)老(lao)練。單就(jiu)各學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)中(zhong)專業(ye)術(shu)(shu)(shu)語(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)名(ming)(ming)就(jiu)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寫作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)絆腳石(shi)。“大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)于(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)安于(yu)故陋(lou)，巨師鴻儒，憚譯名(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難(nan)，不(bu)愿以中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)述(shu)作(zuo)(zuo)。后起(qi)(qi)風從(cong)，遂(sui)皆袖手……”［7］并且(qie)(qie)，其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)事科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)討(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)留(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)歐美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)留(liu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，他們關于(yu)老(lao)練的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)體輕車熟(shu)路(lu)，“遂(sui)致(zhi)對(dui)(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)反行陌生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，當撰述(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，自(zi)(zi)舍(she)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)取英文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)……”［12］因而(er)，其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)具有必(bi)定(ding)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寫成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如果(guo)(guo)沒有我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人自(zi)(zi)己興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，這些論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)只能流往(wang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)。《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)》創刊(kan)(kan)(kan)以后，“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)研(yan)討(tao)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)投(tou)登國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風乃稍衰”［6］，即可見一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斑。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，包含(han)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，往(wang)往(wang)都在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家多(duo)地(di)設有聯絡(luo)點(dian)，并設有專門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人員，首(shou)要進(jin)行期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)換(huan)和(he)(he)海外(wai)稿件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)征集。跟著我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人所(suo)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響力(li)越來越大(da)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也越來越多(duo)地(di)呈現在(zai)(zai)(zai)了(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人所(suo)興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)上。據計算，到(dao)(dao)(dao)1949年(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)社(she)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)研(yan)討(tao)所(suo)叢刊(kan)(kan)(kan)》上刊(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)有54位(wei)(wei)(wei)［2］;到(dao)(dao)(dao)1949年(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)《我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)》上刊(kan)(kan)(kan)發(fa)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)機(ji)構有16個［6］;《中(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雜(za)志(zhi)(英文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版)》刊(kan)(kan)(kan)載了(le)(le)很(hen)(hen)多(duo)來華(hua)訪問的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)講學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)陳述(shu)和(he)(he)專科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)會(hui)(hui)議論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)［4］。2.3用(yong)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)與(yu)(yu)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)專刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，包含(han)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些中(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合(he)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)上宣(xuan)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)論文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，大(da)都要求(qiu)(qiu)有中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)標題和(he)(he)中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)摘要，其(qi)意(yi)圖(tu)(tu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)中(zhong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)對(dui)(dui)照，協(xie)助我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)知(zhi)識，也在(zai)(zai)(zai)必(bi)定(ding)程度上促進(jin)了(le)(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)程。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)所(suo)興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，其(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要意(yi)圖(tu)(tu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)本校師生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)言(yan)語(yu)與(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)知(zhi)識，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)用(yong)于(yu)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)心得(de)(de)(de)(de)。《清(qing)華(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)報》出書(shu)英文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)意(yi)圖(tu)(tu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)如此(ci)。《同濟(ji)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)月刊(kan)(kan)(kan)》由(you)同濟(ji)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)興(xing)(xing)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)，中(zhong)、德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合(he)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)內(nei)容不(bu)光相(xiang)同，并且(qie)(qie)徹底同步:左半欄是(shi)(shi)(shi)德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，右半欄是(shi)(shi)(shi)德文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)翻譯。“故本志(zhi)編制，中(zhong)德兩(liang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，相(xiang)并而(er)行，便(bian)對(dui)(dui)照也……至(zhi)初學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)，則(ze)更可就(jiu)此(ci)校正(zheng)其(qi)德語(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)智識，獲益尤非淺(qian)尠焉。”［7］

近代(dai)我(wo)國(guo)人興辦(ban)的(de)(de)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)科技(ji)(ji)期刊(kan)(kan)(kan)應遠多(duo)于(yu)(yu)本文(wen)(wen)(wen)所(suo)論及的(de)(de)部分。近代(dai)我(wo)國(guo)，人們在對西(xi)方科技(ji)(ji)奉若神明的(de)(de)一(yi)起，關(guan)于(yu)(yu)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)是頂禮膜拜(bai)。“小之個人，大(da)至集體(ti)，幾(ji)無一(yi)能脫離英(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)獨立(li)者。”［13］其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)國(guo)各種(zhong)學術集體(ti)林立(li)，興辦(ban)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)期刊(kan)(kan)(kan)成(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)種(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)髦。但這些(xie)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)物因先天的(de)(de)缺乏大(da)都稍縱即逝，據《我(wo)國(guo)近代(dai)報刊(kan)(kan)(kan)名錄(lu)》計算，1815年至1911年，我(wo)國(guo)曾(ceng)出(chu)書過英(ying)、德、法、俄等136種(zhong)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)報刊(kan)(kan)(kan)［1］，但是到了1915年前(qian)后，已(yi)所(suo)剩無幾(ji)。因而(er)，本文(wen)(wen)(wen)論述的(de)(de)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)科技(ji)(ji)期刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，為(wei)現存資(zi)猜中具有(you)研討(tao)價值(zhi)的(de)(de)、重要的(de)(de)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)科技(ji)(ji)期刊(kan)(kan)(kan)，而(er)非悉(xi)數。至于(yu)(yu)我(wo)國(guo)近代(dai)西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)科技(ji)(ji)期刊(kan)(kan)(kan)存在的(de)(de)原因，除(chu)了以上首要原因外(wai)，還有(you)一(yi)些(xie)其(qi)他原因。比(bi)方《麻瘋季(ji)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)》，之所(suo)以呈現與中文(wen)(wen)(wen)內容相同的(de)(de)英(ying)文(wen)(wen)(wen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)章，是由于(yu)(yu)其(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)中華麻瘋病救(jiu)助會(hui)的(de)(de)首要工作人員為(wei)西(xi)方人士，看(kan)不懂中文(wen)(wen)(wen)。再比(bi)方，抗戰期間，為(wei)了逃避日本人的(de)(de)損壞，有(you)些(xie)刊(kan)(kan)(kan)物被逼選用西(xi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)出(chu)書。

摘要(yao)：本文簡要(yao)論述(shu)了(le)環(huan)境巖(yan)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的定義，環(huan)境巖(yan)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)研究中的基(ji)本觀(guan)點以(yi)及方法以(yi)及環(huan)境巖(yan)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的研究現狀，并(bing)對我國環(huan)境巖(yan)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進行了(le)展望。

關鍵(jian)詞(ci)：環境巖土工程研究

隨(sui)著經(jing)(jing)濟和(he)、工業的(de)迅速發展，人們越來越意識(shi)到人類活(huo)動對環境產生(sheng)的(de)兩個負面影響：環境污染和(he)生(sheng)態破壞。因此，應運產生(sheng)了一(yi)門新(xin)興(xing)學科——環境巖土工程學。它(ta)既是一(yi)門應用性(xing)的(de)工程學，又是一(yi)門社會學。它(ta)把技(ji)術和(he)政(zheng)治、經(jing)(jing)濟和(he)文(wen)化相結合的(de)跨學科的(de)新(xin)型(xing)學科。

1.環境巖土(tu)工(gong)程定義

環(huan)境(jing)巖(yan)土工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)（EnvironmentalGeotechnology）一(yi)詞(ci)，源自1986年4月美(mei)國賓州里(li)海(hai)大學土木(mu)系美(mei)籍(ji)華(hua)人(ren)方曉(xiao)陽教授主(zhu)持召開的(de)(de)第一(yi)屆環(huan)境(jing)巖(yan)土工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)國際學術研討會，并(bing)在(zai)其著名(ming)的(de)(de)“IntroductoryRemarksonEnvironmentalGeotechnology”論(lun)文中(zhong)，將環(huan)境(jing)巖(yan)土工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)定位(wei)為“跨學科的(de)(de)邊緣科學，覆蓋了(le)在(zai)大氣圈、生物圈、水(shui)圈、巖(yan)石(shi)圈及地質(zhi)微生物圈等多(duo)種環(huan)境(jing)下土和巖(yan)石(shi)及其相互作用的(de)(de)問題”，主(zhu)要是研究在(zai)不同環(huan)境(jing)周期（循環(huan)）作用下水(shui)土系統的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)性質(zhi)。

2.環境巖土工(gong)程研究(jiu)的內容及分類

近(jin)幾年(nian)，由于經(jing)費(fei)不足，野(ye)外地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)學實(shi)習時間和質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)難于保(bao)證(zheng)。針對(dui)這一問(wen)題，我(wo)院在教(jiao)育、生產、科研三結(jie)合的(de)探(tan)索中，經(jing)多方努力與(yu)論證(zheng)，于1995年(nian)上半年(nian)，決定與(yu)陜西省華縣(xian)人民政府協作，將92級和93級61名學生的(de)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)填圖實(shi)習和華縣(xian)礦(kuang)產資源評價工作結(jie)合起來進(jin)行。1996年(nian)n月(yue)，該(gai)項成果通過最終驗收，并(bing)得(de)到與(yu)會專家的(de)較高(gao)評價。這項任務的(de)完成，為我(wo)院貫徹“三結(jie)合”的(de)教(jiao)育方針探(tan)索出了一條新路(lu)，也對(dui)深化教(jiao)學改革，提高(gao)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)專業人才培養質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)具有顯著作用。

一、華縣礦產資源評價工作(zuo)的(de)組織與落實

華(hua)(hua)縣地(di)(di)(di)跨秦(qin)嶺北緣(yuan)，百分之(zhi)六十是山區。區內巖(yan)石類型齊(qi)全(quan)、構(gou)造變形復(fu)雜、礦(kuang)產(chan)資(zi)源豐富(fu)。為(wei)了進一步摸(mo)清(qing)家底(di)，查清(qing)資(zi)源，開發(fa)礦(kuang)業(ye)，振興經(jing)濟，華(hua)(hua)縣人民政府(fu)于1995年上半(ban)年有意讓西安礦(kuang)業(ye)學院(yuan)承擔(dan)華(hua)(hua)縣礦(kuang)產(chan)資(zi)源評價工作(zuo)。地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)系接到任務后，經(jing)認真分析研究，認為(wei)這項(xiang)工作(zuo)可以與(yu)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)專業(ye)本科(ke)生的地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)填(tian)圖(tu)實習(xi)結(jie)合起來(lai)。這樣(yang)做一方面可以解(jie)決項(xiang)目(mu)任務經(jing)費少、時間緊的問(wen)題，另一方面可以解(jie)決學生實習(xi)經(jing)費不足(zu)、實習(xi)內容(rong)單一、與(yu)礦(kuang)產(chan)資(zi)源開發(fa)結(jie)合不緊密的問(wen)題。后經(jing)學校和華(hua)(hua)縣政府(fu)同意，決定(ding)將地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)專業(ye)92級、93級學生地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)填(tian)圖(tu)實習(xi)與(yu)該項(xiang)任務的完成(cheng)結(jie)合起來(lai)進行(xing)。

為了切(qie)實(shi)(shi)搞好(hao)這次特殊工作(zuo)(zuo)，西安(an)礦(kuang)業學院領(ling)導(dao)、地(di)質系領(ling)導(dao)給予了高度重視(shi)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)，成立了由(you)(you)7名(ming)教師和(he)61名(ming)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)學生(sheng)組(zu)成的(de)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)隊，負責完(wan)成該項教學、生(sheng)產任務。華縣(xian)政(zheng)府專(zhuan)門成立了由(you)(you)縣(xian)長(chang)和(he)主管副縣(xian)長(chang)牽頭，有關局、鄉(xiang)鎮長(chang)參加的(de)礦(kuang)產資源評價領(ling)導(dao)小組(zu)，先后對評價前期(qi)準備工作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)野外工作(zuo)(zuo)期(qi)間的(de)各項事宜作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)了具體安(an)排和(he)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)，并及時解決了工作(zuo)(zuo)中遇(yu)到的(de)各種(zhong)困難和(he)問題(ti)。

1995年(nian)8月，實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)教師(shi)會(hui)(hui)同(tong)華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)政府礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)局有關同(tong)志(zhi)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)作區進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)踏勘，收集了(le)(le)部(bu)分(fen)前人資(zi)(zi)料。踏勘結束后(hou)(hou)向(xiang)華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)資(zi)(zi)源評價領(ling)(ling)導(dao)小組(zu)(zu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)匯報(bao)并提出(chu)了(le)(le)下一步(bu)(bu)工(gong)(gong)作安排報(bao)告(gao)。1995年(nian)8月31日，在華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)召開了(le)(le)由西(xi)安礦(kuang)(kuang)業學院領(ling)(ling)導(dao)、地質(zhi)系領(ling)(ling)導(dao)、華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)資(zi)(zi)源評價領(ling)(ling)導(dao)小組(zu)(zu)成員和實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)68位師(shi)生(sheng)參(can)加的動員會(hui)(hui)。之后(hou)(hou)，實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)師(shi)生(sheng)分(fen)金堆、柳枝、高塘、金惠、杏林(lin)、蓮(lian)花寺6個小組(zu)(zu)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)作區27種80個礦(kuang)(kuang)(化)點開展了(le)(le)正(zheng)式野外調查工(gong)(gong)作。1995年(nian)10月一1995年(nian)12月，實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍師(shi)生(sheng)對(dui)野外工(gong)(gong)作成果及現有前人資(zi)(zi)料進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)分(fen)析、整理、化驗(yan)測(ce)試(shi)、報(bao)告(gao)編寫和制圖。1996年(nian)元月，華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)政府組(zu)(zu)織有關專家對(dui)報(bao)告(gao)初(chu)(chu)稿進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)初(chu)(chu)步(bu)(bu)驗(yan)收，提出(chu)了(le)(le)修(xiu)改(gai)意見。1996年(nian)2月至10月，以實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)教師(shi)為主，部(bu)分(fen)參(can)加畢業實(shi)(shi)習、設計(ji)(論文)的原實(shi)(shi)習隊(dui)(dui)(dui)學生(sheng)參(can)加，對(dui)報(bao)告(gao)初(chu)(chu)稿進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一步(bu)(bu)完善和修(xiu)改(gai)。最(zui)終提交了(le)(le)30萬(wan)文字(zi)、含82張(zhang)附圖的華(hua)縣(xian)(xian)礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)資(zi)(zi)源評價報(bao)告(gao)。1996年(nian)11月，該報(bao)告(gao)通過(guo)渭南市礦(kuang)(kuang)管局組(zu)(zu)織的最(zui)終驗(yan)收。

二、加強管理，提高教學、生產(chan)質量(liang)

黨(dang)的十(shi)七(qi)屆四中(zhong)(zhong)全會以來，寧夏地(di)礦(kuang)局黨(dang)委把進(jin)(jin)修型(xing)(xing)黨(dang)組織建立與創先爭優(you)運動相(xiang)連(lian)系，與效(xiao)能建立相(xiang)連(lian)系，與存眷改善(shan)民生相(xiang)連(lian)系，容(rong)(rong)身地(di)礦(kuang)實(shi)踐，立異進(jin)(jin)修方法，“三跟進(jin)(jin)”準則(ze)，全力推進(jin)(jin)“三地(di)三中(zhong)(zhong)間一前沿”為首要內容(rong)(rong)的規范化項目部建立，出力打造“十(shi)大”進(jin)(jin)修平臺，推進(jin)(jin)進(jin)(jin)修型(xing)(xing)黨(dang)組織建立任務深化扎實(shi)展(zhan)開。

一是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)黨(dang)委中(zhong)間組(zu)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。近(jin)3年(nian)來，召開(kai)(kai)中(zhong)間組(zu)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)44次，專題進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)35場，強化了(le)(le)看法(fa)、增進(jin)(jin)了(le)(le)交流(liu)、凝集了(le)(le)團(tuan)(tuan)隊進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)力(li)(li)。二是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“理論大(da)課堂(tang)”情勢(shi)政策(ce)宣講平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理論宣講團(tuan)(tuan)深化各(ge)底層(ceng)單(dan)(dan)元、項目部(bu)、鉆機組(zu)，向(xiang)廣闊干部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)情勢(shi)政策(ce)教育。共宣講70余場，5000余人次承受了(le)(le)教育。三是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“弘(hong)揚地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)精力(li)(li)演(yan)講競賽”幻想信(xin)心教育平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。以(yi)(yi)弘(hong)揚地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)系統(tong)“三榮(rong)耀”傳統(tong)、“三特殊”精力(li)(li)為(wei)主題，每年(nian)在(zai)局(ju)系統(tong)干部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)演(yan)講競賽，激起職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)喜歡崗敬業、獻身地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)的(de)(de)熱情和驕傲感。四是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“三站兩基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”人才(cai)培(pei)育平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。依托(tuo)引進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)7位地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質學(xue)(xue)院士、10位知(zhi)(zhi)名地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質學(xue)(xue)專家和中(zhong)國(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質大(da)學(xue)(xue)，打(da)造院士任(ren)(ren)務(wu)站、函授站、博士后任(ren)(ren)務(wu)站和產學(xue)(xue)研(yan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)人才(cai)培(pei)育平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，培(pei)育了(le)(le)一批急需(xu)人才(cai)。五是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“博士宣講團(tuan)(tuan)”對交際流(liu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質任(ren)(ren)務(wu)博士宣講團(tuan)(tuan)，面向(xiang)全區(qu)各(ge)級指導干部(bu)展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質任(ren)(ren)務(wu)與(yu)經(jing)濟社會(hui)(hui)(hui)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)大(da)宣講，進(jin)(jin)步了(le)(le)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質任(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)(hui)認知(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和影響力(li)(li)。六是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質科(ke)考”專業常識(shi)普(pu)(pu)及(ji)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。成立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質科(ke)考協會(hui)(hui)(hui)，約請地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質科(ke)技喜好者參(can)與(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質科(ke)考運動(dong)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成了(le)(le)寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質勘查(cha)配備博物(wu)館，抓緊建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質博物(wu)館，用以(yi)(yi)宣傳普(pu)(pu)及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質科(ke)普(pu)(pu)常識(shi)。七(qi)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)例會(hui)(hui)(hui)”營業交流(liu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。樹立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)全局(ju)辦(ban)公(gong)室、總經(jing)（總會(hui)(hui)(hui)）、總工(gong)(gong)、組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人事、紀檢監察、工(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)、離退(tui)休等(deng)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)例會(hui)(hui)(hui)，按(an)期展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)鉆研(yan)和交流(liu)，極大(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)提(ti)拔了(le)(le)營業人員本(ben)質。八是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“簡報快訊”信(xin)息交流(liu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。依托(tuo)局(ju)機關《寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)信(xin)息》《寧夏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)快訊》及(ji)局(ju)屬單(dan)(dan)元興辦(ban)的(de)(de)20多(duo)(duo)種信(xin)息刊物(wu)，普(pu)(pu)遍(bian)宣傳在(zai)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)型黨(dang)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)事業開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)好做法(fa)、好經(jing)歷，普(pu)(pu)遍(bian)宣傳進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)英雄榜樣(yang)、身邊(bian)榜樣(yang)的(de)(de)動(dong)人事跡和高尚精力(li)(li)。九是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“收(shou)集信(xin)息”進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)共享平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。局(ju)門(men)戶網站和各(ge)單(dan)(dan)元網站都開(kai)(kai)拓了(le)(le)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)交流(liu)論壇欄目，既為(wei)黨(dang)員干部(bu)供應了(le)(le)豐厚(hou)的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)材料(liao)，又建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)(le)交流(liu)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)心得的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。十是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“全員閱讀”常識(shi)積聚(ju)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。將每年(nian)4月(yue)份確定為(wei)全局(ju)“念(nian)書(shu)月(yue)”，組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)薦書(shu)、送書(shu)、念(nian)書(shu)交流(liu)、演(yan)講、征文等(deng)豐厚(hou)多(duo)(duo)彩(cai)的(de)(de)運動(dong)。近(jin)3年(nian)來，局(ju)黨(dang)委共引薦各(ge)類書(shu)本(ben)120種，向(xiang)廣闊職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)贈書(shu)2640本(ben)，匯編進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)資(zi)料(liao)10本(ben)累計220余萬字。本(ben)年(nian)局(ju)黨(dang)委在(zai)全局(ju)深化展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)了(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)打(da)造進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)型、立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)異(yi)型、調和型、生機型、務(wu)實型、清廉型為(wei)主題的(de)(de)“六型指導班子”建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)年(nian)運動(dong)，進(jin)(jin)一步提(ti)拔了(le)(le)全局(ju)進(jin)(jin)修(xiu)(xiu)型黨(dang)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)程度(du)。

在(zai)推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修型黨(dang)組(zu)織建立的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)程中，出(chu)力(li)注(zhu)重進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)轉化，獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)了(le)積極成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)。一(yi)(yi)是構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)豐厚的(de)(de)(de)看法效(xiao)果。三(san)年來(lai)，局(ju)系(xi)統副處以上(shang)干部(bu)撰寫念書心得(de)(de)領會(hui)(hui)600余篇120余萬(wan)字，構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)調研申報(bao)64篇，并構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修效(xiao)果匯編；在(zai)區(qu)(qu)表里(li)各(ge)類報(bao)紙、雜(za)志(zhi)上(shang)刊發(fa)(fa)理論(lun)文(wen)章和論(lun)文(wen)120余篇。二是提(ti)拔了(le)地(di)質(zhi)勘查(cha)(cha)才能。三(san)年累計投入450萬(wan)元(yuan)，培育地(di)學博士15名(ming)、工(gong)程碩士25名(ming)。投入3000多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)，置辦了(le)一(yi)(yi)批(pi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)地(di)勘設備。全(quan)局(ju)各(ge)類天資(zi)達(da)60多(duo)個。三(san)是資(zi)本(ben)保證獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)新(xin)打(da)破(po)。近三(san)年來(lai)，發(fa)(fa)現的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)類資(zi)本(ben)潛在(zai)經濟價值超越5000億元(yuan)。四是效(xiao)勞(lao)生(sheng)態(tai)移民工(gong)程獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)新(xin)成(cheng)(cheng)果。連系(xi)生(sheng)態(tai)移民工(gong)程，3年來(lai)累計成(cheng)(cheng)井39眼，總出(chu)水量3.6萬(wan)方/日。五是效(xiao)勞(lao)社會(hui)(hui)開(kai)(kai)辟新(xin)范疇(chou)。發(fa)(fa)揚地(di)質(zhi)任(ren)務(wu)根底性、先(xian)(xian)行性特點(dian)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)承當起了(le)自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)經濟建立和社會(hui)(hui)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)諸多(duo)范疇(chou)的(de)(de)(de)技能支(zhi)撐(cheng)，成(cheng)(cheng)為勘查(cha)(cha)施工(gong)和技能效(xiao)勞(lao)主力(li)軍(jun)。六(liu)是樹(shu)立了(le)地(di)礦部(bu)分新(xin)形(xing)象。近兩(liang)年，局(ju)系(xi)統取得(de)(de)全(quan)國“五一(yi)(yi)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)獎狀”2個，涌現出(chu)全(quan)國和自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)榜樣7人。進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修理論(lun)科(ke)學開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)觀(guan)運動(dong)(dong)、干部(bu)監視、人才培育、紀檢監察、督查(cha)(cha)、思維政治(zhi)、黨(dang)務(wu)政務(wu)信息、大(da)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修運動(dong)(dong)等任(ren)務(wu)先(xian)(xian)后在(zai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)有(you)關會(hui)(hui)議上(shang)作了(le)大(da)會(hui)(hui)交流。宣傳思維文(wen)明(ming)任(ren)務(wu)延續三(san)年獲(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)黨(dang)委楊春(chun)色常委的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)定和指示(shi)。延續兩(liang)年取得(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)效(xiao)能目的(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)理審核一(yi)(yi)等獎第一(yi)(yi)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)異成(cheng)(cheng)果。本(ben)年以來(lai)，已榮獲(huo)(huo)“‘十一(yi)(yi)五’時期全(quan)區(qu)(qu)疆土資(zi)本(ben)任(ren)務(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)集體(ti)”、“全(quan)區(qu)(qu)平安(an)出(chu)產任(ren)務(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)單元(yuan)”、“全(quan)區(qu)(qu)公共(gong)機構(gou)節能降(jiang)耗任(ren)務(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)單元(yuan)”、“全(quan)區(qu)(qu)機構(gou)編制任(ren)務(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)集體(ti)”、“全(quan)區(qu)(qu)依法管理示(shi)范單元(yuan)”、“自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)建立進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)修型黨(dang)組(zu)織進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步前(qian)輩(bei)單元(yuan)”等多(duo)項(xiang)獎勵。

地(di)(di)(di)質類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)業以地(di)(di)(di)球作(zuo)為研(yan)究對象，以礦產資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)勘(kan)(kan)查與(yu)(yu)開發、建筑物地(di)(di)(di)基及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、地(di)(di)(di)質災害的(de)(de)(de)(de)治理和(he)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)深部科(ke)(ke)學(xue)探(tan)測為服務領域(yu)，涉(she)及(ji)到資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)環(huan)境(jing)兩(liang)大主題(ti)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)一直在(zai)進行著四大科(ke)(ke)學(xue)探(tan)索工(gong)(gong)(gong)程——“上(shang)天、入地(di)(di)(di)、下(xia)海(hai)、登(deng)極”，它們都(dou)(dou)與(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)球科(ke)(ke)學(xue)技術(shu)有深厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)。到2020年(nian)我國將實現全(quan)面建設小康社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)奮斗目標(biao)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)走新型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業化(hua)道(dao)路，大力實施(shi)科(ke)(ke)教(jiao)興國戰略和(he)可(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發展戰略。實現上(shang)述目標(biao)，離不開資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)(yu)環(huan)境(jing)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)社會活(huo)動文明的(de)(de)(de)(de)物質基礎，是人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)可(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)支柱，也是國家安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保障因(yin)素。而環(huan)境(jing)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)焦點(dian)已經從局部地(di)(di)(di)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業公害轉移(yi)到全(quan)球和(he)區域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)上(shang)來(lai)，成為地(di)(di)(di)球科(ke)(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容。資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)枯竭，迫(po)使人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)去勘(kan)(kan)探(tan)開發埋藏更(geng)深、條件更(geng)艱苦的(de)(de)(de)(de)新型資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)惡化(hua)，則(ze)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)探(tan)索更(geng)深層(ceng)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)，從根本(ben)上(shang)規避或消除影響因(yin)素。這些(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)都(dou)(dou)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)家們利用地(di)(di)(di)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)手段來(lai)了(le)解最直接的(de)(de)(de)(de)信息(xi)。因(yin)此，在(zai)未來(lai)，培(pei)養滿足社會可(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發展需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)質類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)業人(ren)(ren)(ren)才，是高等教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)任務。地(di)(di)(di)質工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)業發展戰略的(de)(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是培(pei)養什么樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才、怎樣培(pei)養和(he)培(pei)養多少人(ren)(ren)(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。

一(yi)、地質工程專業人才培養的戰略目(mu)標

1．我(wo)國(guo)地(di)質工程專(zhuan)業(ye)辦學現狀

2O世紀9O年代，我(wo)國設有(you)(you)(you)(you)地(di)(di)質(zhi)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校共有(you)(you)(you)(you)61所，分別(bie)屬(shu)于15個(ge)(ge)部(bu)委、8個(ge)(ge)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)公司和(he)省(sheng)市(shi)政府。其中(zhong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)類(lei)(lei)地(di)(di)質(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)15個(ge)(ge)。1993年，國家教委頒布《普通(tong)高等(deng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校本科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)目錄(lu)和(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)簡介》，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)類(lei)(lei)地(di)(di)質(zhi)及相關專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)1O多個(ge)(ge)，主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：礦產地(di)(di)質(zhi)勘(kan)查(cha)、水(shui)文地(di)(di)質(zhi)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)質(zhi)、應用地(di)(di)球(qiu)物理(li)、應用地(di)(di)球(qiu)化學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、勘(kan)察工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石油工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石油與(yu)天然(ran)氣地(di)(di)質(zhi)勘(kan)查(cha)等(deng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。1998年國家教委頒發的(de)(de)(de)引導性目錄(lu)中(zhong)，將(jiang)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)地(di)(di)質(zhi)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合并(bing)成(cheng)一個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)——地(di)(di)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。目前，國內辦(ban)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“地(di)(di)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：中(zhong)南大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、西(xi)南科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、西(xi)安(an)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)、長(chang)安(an)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、安(an)徽理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、山東科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、焦(jiao)作工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)、河海大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、華北水(shui)利水(shui)電學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)國礦業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、西(xi)南交(jiao)通(tong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、石油大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、同濟大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、南京大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、蘭州大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)；辦(ban)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“勘(kan)查(cha)技術與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：中(zhong)國地(di)(di)質(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、成(cheng)都理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、吉林大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、石油大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)2O所；辦(ban)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“資源勘(kan)查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：中(zhong)國地(di)(di)質(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、貴(gui)州大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、昆明理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、吉林大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、長(chang)安(an)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)24所。由于這些學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校原屬(shu)于不同的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)委，其側(ce)重(zhong)點不同，為了(le)保持原行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)和(he)特色，在這個(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)質(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱下，各(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校根據需要(yao)各(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不同側(ce)重(zhong)面(mian)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)重(zhong)煤炭，有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)重(zhong)石油，有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)重(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)色金屬(shu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)側(ce)重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)方面(mian)。因此，同一個(ge)(ge)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，各(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校設置的(de)(de)(de)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就有(you)(you)(you)(you)很大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)差異，培養規格(ge)也(ye)不一樣，這對于專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)評估(gu)、管理(li)等(deng)方面(mian)都造成(cheng)了(le)困難。

2．國(guo)外(wai)地(di)質類專業教育現狀

第二次世(shi)界大(da)(da)戰后，各國(guo)都積極致(zhi)力(li)于經濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，世(shi)界經濟出現了(le)空前的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁榮，但隨之(zhi)產生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)諸如人(ren)口膨脹、資(zi)源(yuan)枯(ku)竭、能源(yuan)危機、環境(jing)惡化(hua)、生(sheng)(sheng)態失衡和(he)災害(hai)頻繁等(deng)嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)問(wen)題(ti)。特別是(shi)資(zi)源(yuan)和(he)環境(jing)問(wen)題(ti)，是(shi)國(guo)際上共同面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)問(wen)題(ti)。它涉及政治、經濟、科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技術、文(wen)化(hua)、社(she)會(hui)價(jia)值觀念與倫理(li)道德、法律(lv)和(he)政府政策等(deng)方方面面，十分(fen)錯綜復(fu)雜，這單靠科技進步(bu)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)創(chuang)新是(shi)無法解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)。必須(xu)從可持續發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)出發(fa)(fa)，由自(zi)然(ran)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)社(she)會(hui)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)聯(lian)手(shou)方能解決。因(yin)此(ci)，國(guo)外(wai)(wai)在(zai)培(pei)養地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)時，強調學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)綜合(he)運用多學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)知識去研究和(he)解決問(wen)題(ti)。嚴格(ge)說來，國(guo)外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)等(deng)院校內沒有地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)科教育一般(ban)(ban)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)領域，所(suo)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)類專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)多沒有細分(fen)，只設(she)“地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”或“地(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)所(suo)設(she)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)除了(le)數、理(li)、化(hua)等(deng)基礎課(ke)(ke)外(wai)(wai)，主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)原理(li)類課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)，如構(gou)造地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、巖石學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、礦(kuang)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、地(di)(di)(di)層學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、地(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)物(wu)理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、地(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、環境(jing)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、古(gu)氣候學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、結(jie)晶(jing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)，方法技術類課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)較(jiao)(jiao)少。從設(she)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)可以看出，他們培(pei)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)側(ce)重(zhong)于地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)基本(ben)原理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)掌握和(he)社(she)會(hui)可持續發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。且招生(sheng)(sheng)規模較(jiao)(jiao)小，一般(ban)(ban)一個專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)每年只招收1O余(yu)名(ming)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)。但是(shi)，要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方法有全面的(de)(de)(de)(de)掌握，在(zai)高(gao)年級學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)了(le)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)后，一般(ban)(ban)要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)利用假期參加地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)習(xi)，因(yin)此(ci)，培(pei)養出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)一般(ban)(ban)仍然(ran)具有較(jiao)(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)科研實(shi)際工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能力(li)，在(zai)走向社(she)會(hui)后很快能適應(ying)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

論文關鍵詞：實(shi)習(xi)基(ji)地建設資源共享(xiang)

論文摘要：本文結合吉林大學(xue)實(shi)習基(ji)地(di)建設(she)(she)(she)的實(shi)際(ji)，闡述了野外實(shi)習基(ji)地(di)建設(she)(she)(she)在(zai)學(xue)生實(shi)踐能(neng)力培養中的意義(yi)。提(ti)出了基(ji)地(di)建設(she)(she)(she)中如何(he)發揮基(ji)地(di)特點和綜合性功能(neng)。通(tong)過基(ji)地(di)建設(she)(she)(she)，實(shi)現輻射示范作用及資源共享(xiang)。

地(di)(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)學(xue)科均以自(zi)然(ran)界為天然(ran)實(shi)(shi)驗室，野外(wai)現(xian)場教(jiao)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論性(xing)和實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)在教(jiao)育教(jiao)學(xue)中都占有(you)(you)(you)十分重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位。加(jia)強(qiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)科學(xue)實(shi)(shi)踐教(jiao)學(xue)環節(jie)、加(jia)強(qiang)野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)踐教(jiao)學(xue)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)是地(di)(di)(di)(di)球(qiu)(qiu)科學(xue)學(xue)科性(xing)質所決定的(de)(de)(de)(de)，是培(pei)養具有(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)新型地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)人(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要措施，直接關系(xi)到(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)基(ji)(ji)礎人(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養質量。通過野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)，可以培(pei)養學(xue)生獨立觀察(cha)、思考、解決問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力，以及野外(wai)生存和開展工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力。加(jia)強(qiang)本科生野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)踐能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養，關鍵在于野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，同時，一個(ge)建(jian)(jian)設(she)良(liang)好，具有(you)(you)(you)輻射示范作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，能夠在最大(da)程(cheng)度(du)上發(fa)揮(hui)教(jiao)學(xue)資(zi)源(yuan)優勢，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)資(zi)源(yuan)共(gong)(gong)享。吉林(lin)大(da)學(xue)興城野外(wai)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)經過多年建(jian)(jian)設(she)，結合(he)遼寧(ning)濱海地(di)(di)(di)(di)區得(de)天獨厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質條件，在培(pei)養學(xue)生實(shi)(shi)踐能力方面(mian)形(xing)成了自(zi)身特色并得(de)到(dao)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)多所大(da)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)肯，在資(zi)源(yuan)共(gong)(gong)享方面(mian)發(fa)揮(hui)了較(jiao)大(da)作(zuo)用。

1吉林大學興城(cheng)野外(wai)實習基地概況

吉林大學興(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)野外實習基(ji)(ji)地位于遼(liao)寧(ning)省興(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)市東部(bu)釣魚臺海濱(bin)，基(ji)(ji)地前身為教(jiao)育部(bu)療養院，總占地面(mian)積10．97萬(wan)平方米，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積2．54萬(wan)平方米。基(ji)(ji)地建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)古樸典雅(ya)，全部(bu)青磚砌就，屬蘇州園林式建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)風格，基(ji)(ji)地基(ji)(ji)礎設施較為齊全。

遼寧省興城地(di)(di)區(qu)大(da)地(di)(di)構(gou)造位(wei)置(zhi)位(wei)于華北(bei)地(di)(di)塊北(bei)部燕山(shan)臺褶帶東(dong)段，東(dong)南為華北(bei)斷坳，41：AI~內蒙地(di)(di)軸。興城地(di)(di)區(qu)燕山(shan)臺褶帶基底由太古宇建平群和片麻狀綏(sui)中(zhong)(zhong)花崗巖(yan)構(gou)成，中(zhong)(zhong)、新元古界為厚(hou)度巨大(da)的(de)(de)燕山(shan)型沉(chen)(chen)積(ji)(ji)；古生界為典型華北(bei)型沉(chen)(chen)積(ji)(ji)；中(zhong)(zhong)生育陸相火山(shan)一(yi)沉(chen)(chen)積(ji)(ji)巖(yan)系。教學實習區(qu)域近2000km，地(di)(di)質條件(jian)十分優越，地(di)(di)質教學資源非常豐富，在國內具有較好(hao)的(de)(de)區(qu)位(wei)優勢(shi)，為培(pei)養(yang)地(di)(di)學人才提供了(le)得天獨厚(hou)的(de)(de)實習、研(yan)究條件(jian)。

摘要(yao)：創(chuang)新型人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)是我(wo)國(guo)目前急(ji)切需要(yao)解決的(de)(de)(de)問題。然(ran)而培(pei)(pei)養(yang)創(chuang)新型人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)是一項(xiang)社會系統(tong)工程，不(bu)僅涉(she)及到(dao)國(guo)家頂層(ceng)設(she)計，也需要(yao)高校層(ceng)面的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)模(mo)(mo)式和(he)課(ke)程設(she)計，同時也需要(yao)師生層(ceng)面的(de)(de)(de)關系和(he)教育的(de)(de)(de)配合(he)。文章(zhang)以(yi)合(he)肥工業(ye)大學資源勘(kan)查(cha)工程和(he)地(di)質學專業(ye)為(wei)例，提出了地(di)質拔尖創(chuang)新人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點，并(bing)根據(ju)多年的(de)(de)(de)探索和(he)實踐，總結了創(chuang)新型人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)模(mo)(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)經驗，并(bing)揭示(shi)了目前存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)足，豐(feng)富了我(wo)國(guo)創(chuang)新型人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)理論和(he)實踐體系。

關鍵詞：創新型人才；地質(zhi)學(xue)；培(pei)養模式(shi)；教學(xue)

創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)是當(dang)今時代的(de)主題(ti)，建設(she)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)國(guo)(guo)家是社(she)(she)會進步(bu)和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)必然趨勢(shi)，而創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)是實現(xian)國(guo)(guo)家富強、民族振興和(he)(he)人民幸福(fu)的(de)迫(po)切需求，目(mu)前已(yi)經得(de)到社(she)(she)會各(ge)界廣泛(fan)的(de)關(guan)(guan)注和(he)(he)思考。《國(guo)(guo)家中(zhong)長期(qi)教(jiao)育改革(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃綱要（2010-2020年）》提出(chu)了新(xin)(xin)時期(qi)要培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)“創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)”，充分(fen)體(ti)現(xian)了解決這一(yi)問題(ti)的(de)迫(po)切性(xing)(xing)[1]。然而，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)是一(yi)項涉及眾多(duo)復雜社(she)(she)會因(yin)素的(de)工程(cheng)，不僅涉及到國(guo)(guo)家社(she)(she)會層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)的(de)機(ji)制、政策(ce)和(he)(he)傳(chuan)統，同時需要客觀分(fen)析(xi)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)的(de)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)精神和(he)(he)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)模式，也(ye)(ye)需要注意師(shi)(shi)生層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)的(de)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)和(he)(he)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)。歐(ou)美(mei)等發(fa)達國(guo)(guo)家的(de)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)在創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)方面(mian)(mian)具有(you)(you)諸多(duo)經驗，在國(guo)(guo)家層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)上具有(you)(you)政策(ce)、資金、理念等方面(mian)(mian)的(de)支持；在高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)上也(ye)(ye)具有(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術自由的(de)氛圍和(he)(he)理念；在師(shi)(shi)生層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)也(ye)(ye)具有(you)(you)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)自主教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)生的(de)自主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)以及良好的(de)師(shi)(shi)生關(guan)(guan)系(xi)。然而，我國(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)正處在摸索、改革(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)階(jie)段(duan)。本文以合(he)肥(fei)工業大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)地質類專(zhuan)業為研究對(dui)象，對(dui)地質類創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)特點進行了總結(jie)(jie)，并結(jie)(jie)合(he)實際(ji)的(de)專(zhuan)業建設(she)，總結(jie)(jie)了創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)人才(cai)(cai)(cai)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)經驗。

一、地質類(lei)創(chuang)新型人才特點

創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)與常(chang)規(gui)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)是一個(ge)相對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念，常(chang)規(gui)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是以常(chang)規(gui)思維為典型(xing)特征，采用(yong)常(chang)用(yong)、通用(yong)、原有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思路去解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)。而(er)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)則是指具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)意識(shi)(shi)、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)精神和(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，并(bing)能(neng)(neng)夠取(qu)(qu)得(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)。并(bing)且創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)也具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)講求實(shi)(shi)用(yong)、效(xiao)率(lv)、成效(xiao)和(he)社(she)會貢獻等特點(dian)[2]。放眼地質(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)領域，地質(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拔尖人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)即掌握扎(zha)實(shi)(shi)理論基礎(chu)(chu)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)和(he)在地質(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)理論及技術(shu)領域具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)素養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)。他(ta)們(men)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)以下特點(dian)：（一）建造知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)并(bing)非憑空想象得(de)來(lai)(lai)，而(er)應該是建立(li)(li)在豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)上。在這(zhe)個(ge)信息量(liang)巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代，作為創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)全面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)基礎(chu)(chu)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)。作為創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)，其知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)體(ti)系也一定是動態和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)著的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此(ci)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)也必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)將知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)進行(xing)重組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。（二(er)）發(fa)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)是進行(xing)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提和(he)基礎(chu)(chu)，而(er)作為創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)進行(xing)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提則是具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。既需要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)敏銳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷能(neng)(neng)力(li)，也需要(yao)(yao)(yao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)獨(du)立(li)(li)思考和(he)探索的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，還有(you)(you)(you)自主學(xue)(xue)(xue)習和(he)獲取(qu)(qu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。（三）解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)是培(pei)養(yang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)價值體(ti)現(xian)(xian)。為此(ci)，高(gao)校培(pei)養(yang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)就必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)基于(yu)提高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)與提高(gao)。從解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流暢上來(lai)(lai)講，基礎(chu)(chu)是發(fa)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，關(guan)鍵(jian)在于(yu)分析(xi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，而(er)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)則是解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)。因(yin)此(ci)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)注重方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練，培(pei)養(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚合和(he)發(fa)散思維，這(zhe)樣學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)抓住問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)，做出全面(mian)而(er)有(you)(you)(you)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷，從而(er)能(neng)(neng)提出多(duo)種(zhong)解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法。

二(er)、創新型人才培養(yang)經驗

一(yi)、實踐性(xing)教學改革的(de)必要性(xing)與緊(jin)迫性(xing)

勘查(cha)(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以從(cong)事研究地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)勘查(cha)(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)方法(fa)來(lai)獲取與(yu)(yu)(yu)礦產資源、能(neng)(neng)源和(he)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設場地(di)(di)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)信息，并(bing)評價其(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)件或(huo)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)件，為資源開發(fa)、場地(di)(di)利(li)用和(he)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)環境(jing)保(bao)護服務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)，屬(shu)于(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)在(zai)勘查(cha)(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育中占有(you)非(fei)常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)位(wei)，它不(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)培養(yang)學(xue)(xue)生實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際操作技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)、提(ti)高(gao)解(jie)決(jue)問題(ti)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)環節，而且(qie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)促進理(li)論(lun)(lun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)結合(he)、提(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)生科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)素(su)養(yang)、造就具有(you)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)意識(shi)和(he)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)素(su)質(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)途(tu)徑，其(qi)(qi)(qi)作用是(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)論(lun)(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)所不(bu)能(neng)(neng)替代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此多(duo)數地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)類專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)_lI科(ke)院校都(dou)根據本專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際情況，設置了認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)、生產實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)和(he)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)三大(da)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)模塊。各(ge)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關院校在(zai)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安排(pai)上略有(you)差異，但(dan)大(da)體來(lai)講，大(da)學(xue)(xue)一、二年級主要(yao)進行(xing)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)，三年級進行(xing)生產實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)，四年級開始畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)。由于(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)在(zai)整個(ge)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)活(huo)動中l與(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例，在(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)安排(pai)上容易與(yu)(yu)(yu)理(li)論(lun)(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)等其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)活(huo)動相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)沖突(tu)，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)作為實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)核心部分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)和(he)關鍵(jian)部分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖突(tu)尤為明(ming)顯。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)于(yu)理(li)論(lun)(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)而言，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)在(zai)具體實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施、監(jian)督(du)管理(li)、時間安排(pai)等多(duo)個(ge)方面(mian)都(dou)明(ming)顯比(bi)理(li)論(lun)(lun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)困難(nan)，這是(shi)(shi)(shi)由實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)所決(jue)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。成都(dou)理(li)T大(da)學(xue)(xue)勘查(cha)(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)探(tan)索中發(fa)展起來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，經過多(duo)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐，已經有(you)很深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積淀(dian)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一些(xie)(xie)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)組織(zhi)、管理(li)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)足(zu)以及(ji)與(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾(dun)隨(sui)著社(she)會(hui)需求、工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐內容等方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化而日益突(tu)顯出來(lai)，這些(xie)(xie)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)不(bu)僅(jin)直(zhi)接影響實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果和(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量，不(bu)利(li)于(yu)工(gong)學(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和(he)人(ren)(ren)才培養(yang)，而且(qie)會(hui)逐漸導(dao)致專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)自身與(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)會(hui)需求相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)脫(tuo)節。因此，對(dui)勘查(cha)(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)進行(xing)改革已經刻不(bu)容緩。

二、目前實踐性(xing)教學中存在的主要(yao)問題

1．師(shi)資(zi)(zi)配置不合(he)理，新老(lao)交替與(yu)傳(chuan)承欠規范(fan)師(shi)資(zi)(zi)力(li)量(liang)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)環節的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心部分，建立合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)師(shi)資(zi)(zi)梯隊，是(shi)專(zhuan)業得以發展和傳(chuan)承的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)石。對于實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)而言(yan)，師(shi)資(zi)(zi)力(li)量(liang)更是(shi)直接影響(xiang)(xiang)實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)效果和質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵所在。近年(nian)(nian)來，隨著一(yi)大批高學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)才進(jin)(jin)入(ru)高校，成(cheng)都理工大學(xue)(xue)(xue)勘(kan)查技術與(yu)工程(cheng)專(zhuan)業的(de)(de)(de)師(shi)資(zi)(zi)團隊中青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)重顯(xian)著增(zeng)長，但相(xiang)對于擴招(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)而言(yan)，師(shi)資(zi)(zi)力(li)量(liang)還是(shi)略顯(xian)不足。由于教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)任務繁重，剛進(jin)(jin)校的(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)尚未(wei)完(wan)成(cheng)新老(lao)傳(chuan)承，就走上講臺向(xiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)授課，并直接參(can)與(yu)到(dao)實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)中來，甚至構(gou)成(cheng)了(le)實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)主體，青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)由于科研和生(sheng)產實(shi)(shi)踐經(jing)驗不足，在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)中明(ming)顯(xian)存在這樣(yang)那樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)問題，這必然會影響(xiang)(xiang)到(dao)課程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、形象(xiang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和深刻(ke)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，進(jin)(jin)而影響(xiang)(xiang)到(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)量(liang)和效果。因此，以青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)為主的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)在師(shi)資(zi)(zi)配置上是(shi)不盡合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)新老(lao)交替實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)上是(shi)對青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養問題，但現(xian)階段來看(kan)，實(shi)(shi)踐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)中對青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養力(li)度是(shi)不夠的(de)(de)(de)，新老(lao)交替與(yu)傳(chuan)承也(ye)欠規范(fan)化和細致化。

2．科(ke)研(yan)(yan)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)關(guan)系處理(li)不當隨著西部大開發背景條件下(xia)(xia)大興土木工程建設的(de)(de)需要以及教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育體制的(de)(de)改革(ge)，我校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)職(zhi)能(neng)已經(jing)由(you)原來(lai)(lai)以教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為主轉向教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)并(bing)重。適量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)不僅(jin)可以為教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)提(ti)供實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)基(ji)(ji)地，加強理(li)論與(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)，而且可以豐富教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)、促進教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge)、提(ti)高(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)水平和(he)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，它(ta)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)應該是(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)輔相(xiang)(xiang)成的(de)(de)關(guan)系。但是(shi)近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)，我校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)和(he)規(gui)模遠甚(shen)從前(qian)，這就迫(po)使教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)主要職(zhi)能(neng)由(you)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)向科(ke)研(yan)(yan)偏轉，或者說(shuo)由(you)原來(lai)(lai)以教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為主的(de)(de)單一職(zhi)能(neng)向教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)并(bing)重的(de)(de)雙重職(zhi)能(neng)轉變，投入到教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)上的(de)(de)時間(jian)和(he)精力(li)也相(xiang)(xiang)對減少。多數基(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)任(ren)務(wu)，特別(bie)(bie)是(shi)認識實(shi)(shi)習和(he)生產(chan)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)幾乎都落在科(ke)研(yan)(yan)任(ren)務(wu)相(xiang)(xiang)對較少的(de)(de)青年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)身上。青年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊伍(wu)由(you)于(yu)經(jing)驗不足(zu)，是(shi)一個(ge)尚需加強培養(yang)的(de)(de)隊伍(wu)，還未構成實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)中(zhong)堅力(li)量(liang)(liang)，因此(ci)完(wan)全依賴青年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，很(hen)難保證教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)效果，基(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)不足(zu)又必(bi)然后影(ying)響到畢業實(shi)(shi)習甚(shen)至是(shi)工作(zuo)以后的(de)(de)正常生產(chan)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)。近幾年(nian)來(lai)(lai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生畢業論文質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)呈下(xia)(xia)滑(hua)趨勢，應該說(shuo)與(yu)(yu)基(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)不高(gao)有(you)很(hen)大的(de)(de)關(guan)系。因此(ci)，妥善處理(li)好科(ke)研(yan)(yan)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)關(guan)系，合(he)理(li)規(gui)范教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)活動(dong)的(de)(de)比例，保證實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)、老年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)特別(bie)(bie)是(shi)具(ju)有(you)高(gao)級職(zhi)稱(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)，已經(jing)成為教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改革(ge)當中(zhong)刻不容(rong)緩的(de)(de)一項(xiang)任(ren)務(wu)。

3．教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)與(yu)監督(du)不力我校勘查技術與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)該專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)(yi)次(ci)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)性教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)服務于(yu)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)撰寫，因(yin)(yin)此實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容不可能像認識實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)那(nei)樣具有統一(yi)(yi)性和(he)整(zheng)體性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規劃。實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)場(chang)所(suo)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)、研(yan)究主(zhu)題等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)使畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)更具有個性化特色。特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)場(chang)所(suo)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)受(shou)教(jiao)師(shi)科(ke)研(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)意(yi)愿等多(duo)方(fang)面因(yin)(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)致約(yue)。近年來(lai)，畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人數較(jiao)多(duo)，教(jiao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)研(yan)任務往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)不能滿足所(suo)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，因(yin)(yin)此需要(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)(fen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)。此外(wai)，根(gen)據畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自已的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)愿，每年都(dou)有部分(fen)(fen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)動要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)開(kai)展(zhan)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)，還有部分(fen)(fen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)強烈(lie)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)簽約(yue)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)必須到(dao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)。實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)場(chang)所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)散性為實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)性教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)帶來(lai)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困難，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)涉及(ji)到(dao)委托(tuo)第(di)三方(fang)進行代管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題時，其(qi)可操(cao)作(zuo)性較(jiao)低(di)，在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)執行時也大打折扣，因(yin)(yin)此學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)參與(yu)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，完全取決于(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自覺程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度。而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質屬性決定了“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)任務第(di)一(yi)(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處事原則，在(zai)對(dui)待實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)問(wen)題上并不嚴格，有些(xie)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)雖然主(zhu)動要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)，但并不是(shi)(shi)(shi)剛好有合(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)作(zuo)為本(ben)科(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)選題，因(yin)(yin)此多(duo)數情(qing)況下(xia)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)參與(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)與(yu)最終作(zuo)為畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)支撐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)完全不一(yi)(yi)樣，更有甚者，連工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現(xian)場(chang)都(dou)沒有去過，就直接將早已完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)報(bao)告(gao)拿來(lai)作(zuo)為論(lun)(lun)文(wen)。即(ji)便有些(xie)去過工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現(xian)場(chang)，也僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)“走馬觀(guan)花”地了解一(yi)(yi)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)情(qing)況，并沒有開(kai)展(zhan)實(shi)(shi)質性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野外(wai)調研(yan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。這種現(xian)象在(zai)其(qi)他專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中也是(shi)(shi)(shi)相當普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)此每年到(dao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)存在(zai)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。資(zi)(zi)料收集不齊全、收集資(zi)(zi)料與(yu)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)不吻合(he)等是(shi)(shi)(shi)最為常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。這樣一(yi)(yi)來(lai)就導致其(qi)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)質量(liang)一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)低(di)于(yu)參與(yu)教(jiao)師(shi)科(ke)研(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)文(wen)質量(liang)。很(hen)顯然，對(dui)到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)開(kai)展(zhan)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缺乏有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監督(du)和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)本(ben)次(ci)實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)性教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原因(yin)(yin)。