摘要(yao)：在傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)中(zhong)視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)計也是(shi)(shi)(shi)其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)小(xiao)部(bu)分(fen)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)現，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)符號(hao)所傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息因其所要(yao)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種難以言(yan)喻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息，而通過視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)符號(hao)難以形(xing)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)給受(shou)眾(zhong)。因此，有較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人將傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論應用于視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計當中(zhong)。視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)計其目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)實現信息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)，從(cong)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度最直觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流符號(hao)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)圖像、圖形(xing)，不僅(jin)能有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞信息還具有藝術性(xing)。而本(ben)文就基于傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)理論的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視(shi)(shi)覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)(da)(da)設(she)計進(jin)行了(le)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)。

關鍵詞：傳播學；視覺傳達(da)設計；研究

視覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)設(she)(she)計(ji)是(shi)一(yi)門(men)有著(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)定(ding)年代的(de)(de)(de)綜合學科(ke)，其興起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)時間是(shi)上個(ge)世紀60年代，而(er)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學是(shi)一(yi)門(men)與各(ge)個(ge)學科(ke)都有著(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)定(ding)聯(lian)系的(de)(de)(de)學科(ke)，其漸漸成為一(yi)種研(yan)究(jiu)方法在(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)域中(zhong)都有所應用，在(zai)視覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)設(she)(she)計(ji)當(dang)中(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)離不(bu)開傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學理(li)論。在(zai)視覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)設(she)(she)計(ji)中(zhong)其視覺(jue)符號(hao)(hao)多是(shi)一(yi)些線條、光影等要素，其本身不(bu)具備任何的(de)(de)(de)意義，但如(ru)果(guo)通過一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)組織將(jiang)其表(biao)達(da)(da)出(chu)來(lai)，例如(ru)畫成一(yi)幅畫就(jiu)(jiu)能傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)出(chu)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)者(zhe)想(xiang)要表(biao)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)信息。而(er)這恰(qia)恰(qia)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)論。在(zai)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度中(zhong)最直(zhi)觀的(de)(de)(de)交流符號(hao)(hao)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)圖像、圖形。因此，筆者(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學理(li)論在(zai)視覺(jue)傳(chuan)(chuan)達(da)(da)設(she)(she)計(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)應用進行了如(ru)下的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)。

1傳播學與視(shi)覺傳達設計

視(shi)覺傳(chuan)達(da)其(qi)基本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)含義主要包括：其(qi)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)視(shi)覺通(tong)道實(shi)現(xian)人(ren)(ren)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)之間的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)遞、其(qi)實(shi)一種雙向性質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)播行(xing)為方式(shi)、其(qi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)載體(ti)是(shi)設計(ji)圖(tu)像、其(qi)只能(neng)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)之間的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為交流。從視(shi)覺傳(chuan)達(da)的(de)(de)(de)角度來說，其(qi)設計(ji)就是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)將(jiang)圖(tu)形(xing)、色(se)彩、文(wen)字、材質(zhi)等元素進(jin)行(xing)組合，從而達(da)到不一樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)視(shi)覺效果，帶給(gei)人(ren)(ren)不一樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)感受。而傳(chuan)播又是(shi)世界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)普遍(bian)現(xian)象，所有(you)事物的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)都離不開其(qi)本(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播。視(shi)覺傳(chuan)達(da)擅(shan)長將(jiang)一些文(wen)字難以表達(da)的(de)(de)(de)情感通(tong)過(guo)一些要素的(de)(de)(de)組成更形(xing)象的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)達(da)給(gei)收信(xin)(xin)方。

2在視覺傳(chuan)達設計當(dang)中(zhong)存在的(de)傳(chuan)播要素

摘要：世(shi)界文化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)(chan)闡釋與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)理(li)論(lun)(lun)及其實踐(jian)成果的(de)(de)(de)日漸豐(feng)富，使建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)價值(zhi)也得以(yi)不斷深(shen)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)。基于傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺產(chan)(chan)闡釋與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)，可以(yi)更好地(di)對(dui)其進(jin)行分析研(yan)究，促進(jin)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺產(chan)(chan)與(yu)受(shou)眾間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)有效溝(gou)通，實現(xian)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)整體性保護(hu)(hu)與(yu)世(shi)代傳承。文章主要從國際遺產(chan)(chan)保護(hu)(hu)相(xiang)關理(li)論(lun)(lun)中的(de)(de)(de)傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)理(li)念出發(fa)，以(yi)傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)視(shi)閾的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究方(fang)法對(dui)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺產(chan)(chan)從靜(jing)態展(zhan)示(shi)探索雙向互動的(de)(de)(de)傳播(bo)(bo)模式(shi)進(jin)行探討(tao)，并通過開封城墻城門展(zhan)示(shi)利用案例來具體闡述這一理(li)論(lun)(lun)框架的(de)(de)(de)實踐(jian)應用價值(zhi)。

關鍵(jian)詞：傳播學理(li)論(lun)；建(jian)筑遺(yi)產；保護利用；開(kai)封(feng)城墻城門；闡釋(shi)與展(zhan)示

國內外相關文(wen)獻及法規(gui)定義，建筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)是物(wu)質的不可轉(zhuan)移的文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)。隨著文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)闡釋與(yu)展示理(li)論(lun)及其實(shi)踐的拓(tuo)展豐富，以(yi)往那種(zhong)僅(jin)僅(jin)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)的物(wu)質實(shi)體并(bing)防(fang)止其劣化(hua)(hua)和(he)破壞的以(yi)原始技術性(xing)為主的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，已經不能夠(gou)滿足價值(zhi)轉(zhuan)換的要求和(he)時代(dai)的需求，社會(hui)(hui)系統性(xing)與(yu)公(gong)眾參與(yu)性(xing)正在成為遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)模式的新(xin)力量。針對這(zhe)一(yi)問題，文(wen)章(zhang)擬從傳(chuan)播學視閾的新(xin)思(si)路(lu)，借鑒傳(chuan)播學分析技術框架，以(yi)信息觀念尤其是遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)—人—社會(hui)(hui)之間的互動多元化(hua)(hua)理(li)解保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)模式，來思(si)考開(kai)封古城墻遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)利用(yong)過程中出現的問題及解決(jue)方案，對于整(zheng)體性(xing)思(si)考遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)傳(chuan)承具有理(li)論(lun)意義。

一(yi)、傳播學理念下的建(jian)筑(zhu)遺產展(zhan)示策略分(fen)析研究

從(cong)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)來看，建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)闡釋(shi)與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)統，也是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)包含物質信(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)機制。其(qi)基本要素有：傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)主(zhu)體(ti)和傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)客體(ti)、主(zhu)客體(ti)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)互(hu)模式、系(xi)(xi)統運行(xing)機制以(yi)(yi)(yi)及系(xi)(xi)統外部社(she)會(hui)環境(jing)等。文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)指由(you)參與(yu)文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)社(she)會(hui)力量而(er)形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網絡系(xi)(xi)統，由(you)分析研究可得出建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)闡釋(shi)與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)如圖1所(suo)示(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)在對(dui)現狀建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)本體(ti)所(suo)收(shou)(shou)集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息進(jin)行(xing)發掘、提煉、組合及加工整理后，以(yi)(yi)(yi)某(mou)種(zhong)(zhong)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)段及相關媒介通過傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)渠道(dao)呈現出來某(mou)種(zhong)(zhong)形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)保護效果，并(bing)將其(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)給受眾(zhong)；具有不同(tong)社(she)會(hui)背景的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受眾(zhong)者(zhe)接(jie)收(shou)(shou)所(suo)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息，并(bing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)形式或(huo)渠道(dao)，如線(xian)上(shang)或(huo)線(xian)下等方式，向建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)提供對(dui)所(suo)接(jie)收(shou)(shou)信(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反饋；建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)根據所(suo)反饋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息調整其(qi)下一(yi)(yi)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)行(xing)為(wei)，并(bing)不斷深化改進(jin)，直至達(da)到期(qi)望中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)效果，從(cong)而(er)完成(cheng)(cheng)整個(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)闡釋(shi)與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。由(you)此我們可以(yi)(yi)(yi)看出，建(jian)筑(zhu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)闡釋(shi)與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)雙(shuang)向交(jiao)流(liu)和互(hu)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)方式，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)有效地促進(jin)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)與(yu)受眾(zhong)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溝(gou)通交(jiao)流(liu)，從(cong)而(er)更好地對(dui)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)進(jin)行(xing)闡釋(shi)與(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。

二(er)、開封城墻城門保護利用現狀及問(wen)題分(fen)析

摘(zhai)要：傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)是新(xin)(xin)聞傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)的(de)(de)核(he)心課(ke)程(cheng)，傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)理論課(ke)程(cheng)中(zhong)不但包(bao)含著新(xin)(xin)聞學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)，同(tong)時(shi)包(bao)含廣告學(xue)(xue)(xue)、網絡(luo)信息(xi)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)等等不同(tong)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)，有著十分(fen)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)涉及面，并且其理論知識(shi)比較抽象，學(xue)(xue)(xue)生難(nan)以理解，這也(ye)就(jiu)增加了教學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)難(nan)度。在網絡(luo)技術快速發(fa)展的(de)(de)今天(tian)，給教育帶(dai)來了新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)機會和幫助，能夠讓教學(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容(rong)更加具體(ti)，使(shi)得(de)復雜的(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)變得(de)簡單(dan)化，促使(shi)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)理論課(ke)程(cheng)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)簡單(dan)化。本(ben)文主要是基(ji)于新(xin)(xin)媒體(ti)時(shi)代背景(jing)下(xia)，分(fen)析傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)理論教學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)改革策略，旨(zhi)在為相關研(yan)究提(ti)供(gong)參考，促進課(ke)程(cheng)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)改革的(de)(de)不斷深化。

關鍵詞：新媒體時代(dai)；傳播學(xue)；理論課(ke)程；教學(xue)改革；實(shi)踐

在高校的(de)(de)新聞傳播(bo)(bo)類專業中，傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)是重要(yao)的(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)之一，也(ye)給學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)未來的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)、形(xing)成整體的(de)(de)知(zhi)識體系帶來保障。在“互(hu)聯(lian)網＋”時代快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)背(bei)景下(xia)，傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)也(ye)在不斷深入(ru)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中，并(bing)且在學(xue)(xue)科教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)中，更(geng)加突出網絡信(xin)息技術的(de)(de)作用，顯著提(ti)高了教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)水(shui)平。在本研究(jiu)中，主要(yao)是分析(xi)當前新媒(mei)體時代背(bei)景下(xia)傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)主要(yao)策(ce)略。

一、傳(chuan)統教(jiao)學模(mo)式下傳(chuan)播學理論課(ke)程教(jiao)學存(cun)在的問題

（一）教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模式(shi)十分(fen)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是(shi)(shi)一門十分(fen)復雜和(he)(he)(he)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)，源(yuan)自于(yu)歐洲，然(ran)而因為課(ke)(ke)(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)有限性(xing)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)必須要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一定的(de)(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)堂時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)完(wan)成(cheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，這就需(xu)要(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生在(zai)(zai)(zai)短(duan)時(shi)間(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)掌(zhang)握(wo)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)消化和(he)(he)(he)建立模型，這種模式(shi)無論對(dui)于(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)還是(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生來講都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)十分(fen)困難的(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模式(shi)下，主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)灌輸式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方式(shi)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)把課(ke)(ke)(ke)堂中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)進行濃縮，然(ran)后傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)授給學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生完(wan)成(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)任務。該(gai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)模式(shi)比較傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)，同時(shi)容(rong)易讓學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生產生抵(di)觸的(de)(de)(de)心理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。（二(er)）理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與實(shi)踐(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)嚴(yan)重(zhong)脫節(jie)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)多數的(de)(de)(de)高校(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)采用的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材都(dou)(dou)十分(fen)陳(chen)舊，雖然(ran)一些理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論內(nei)容(rong)得到了(le)修訂，然(ran)而，在(zai)(zai)(zai)當前社(she)會(hui)快速發展的(de)(de)(de)背景下，該(gai)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)和(he)(he)(he)實(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)要(yao)(yao)求出現了(le)嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)脫節(jie)，無法再為指(zhi)導實(shi)踐(jian)發揮有效的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。在(zai)(zai)(zai)高校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)，都(dou)(dou)十分(fen)重(zhong)視理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，很少(shao)進行實(shi)踐(jian)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)安排(pai)。同時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)，理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)占去了(le)大部分(fen)內(nei)容(rong)，這就使得多數的(de)(de)(de)高校(xiao)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論課(ke)(ke)(ke)逐漸成(cheng)為了(le)單純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論性(xing)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)。有的(de)(de)(de)院校(xiao)甚至(zhi)一個學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)期都(dou)(dou)沒有實(shi)踐(jian)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這些教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)論知識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)講解，很少(shao)和(he)(he)(he)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生進行互動(dong)，沒有意識(shi)(shi)到對(dui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生引導作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)性(xing)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生缺(que)乏實(shi)踐(jian)環節(jie)，難以(yi)利用所學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)(shi)解決實(shi)踐(jian)問(wen)題，這就使得人才培養(yang)嚴(yan)重(zhong)脫離了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)和(he)(he)(he)要(yao)(yao)求。

二(er)、新媒體時(shi)代傳播學理論課(ke)程(cheng)教學改革具體對策

【關鍵詞(ci)】廣(guang)告(gao)傳播理論(lun)；廣(guang)告(gao)學；傳播學

【摘要(yao)(yao)】建(jian)(jian)構(gou)中國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)是(shi)在我(wo)(wo)國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)業高速(su)成長的(de)(de)(de)背景下提出的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)課題。系統梳理西(xi)方廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)發(fa)展過程可以對(dui)我(wo)(wo)國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設提供參照。全(quan)面研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)我(wo)(wo)國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)現狀有利于(yu)對(dui)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)我(wo)(wo)國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務形成更為全(quan)面理性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)認識。由(you)于(yu)我(wo)(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)還處于(yu)起步(bu)階段，建(jian)(jian)構(gou)中國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務十(shi)分明確(que)，即：首(shou)先要(yao)(yao)明確(que)中國廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)理論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)對(dui)象、范圍以及研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)方法，其次是(shi)面向未來的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)實踐，在把握學科發(fa)展規律的(de)(de)(de)基礎上分步(bu)驟展開。

近年(nian)來，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)科發(fa)展(zhan)問(wen)題(ti)受(shou)到愈(yu)來愈(yu)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注，尤其是廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范性(xing)、學(xue)(xue)術性(xing)、科學(xue)(xue)性(xing)問(wen)題(ti)愈(yu)益(yi)受(shou)到重(zhong)視(shi)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)土(tu)化(hua)構建成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為亟待研究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)課題(ti)之一。本(ben)土(tu)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)日益(yi)受(shou)到重(zhong)視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背景因素，至少(shao)有以下四個方(fang)(fang)(fang)面：首先是廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)環境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)加(jia)入WTO以后(hou)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)環境(jing)(jing)已(yi)由面對(dui)本(ben)土(tu)環境(jing)(jing)轉(zhuan)向面對(dui)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)環境(jing)(jing)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)也成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為經(jing)濟全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)化(hua)趨勢(shi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一支重(zhong)要力(li)量。全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)化(hua)與本(ben)土(tu)化(hua)問(wen)題(ti)因此(ci)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)研究(jiu)(jiu)必(bi)須面對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。其次(ci)，我國(guo)(guo)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)業(ye)(ye)迅速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為我國(guo)(guo)21世紀備受(shou)矚目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)朝陽產業(ye)(ye)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)實(shi)踐中(zhong)出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)諸多問(wen)題(ti)需(xu)要理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解釋(shi)與指導(dao)，而我國(guo)(guo)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)已(yi)在實(shi)際上滯(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)于實(shi)踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。第(di)(di)三，近年(nian)來我國(guo)(guo)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)育發(fa)展(zhan)迅速(su)。全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)數百所高等院(yuan)校開設了廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，而廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)性(xing)、學(xue)(xue)術性(xing)研究(jiu)(jiu)缺乏，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滯(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)已(yi)不(bu)能適應(ying)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)人才培(pei)養目(mu)標。第(di)(di)四，本(ben)土(tu)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺乏使得(de)西方(fang)(fang)(fang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為本(ben)土(tu)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一理(li)論(lun)參照，這顯然(ran)是不(bu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。西方(fang)(fang)(fang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)是西方(fang)(fang)(fang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)業(ye)(ye)和西方(fang)(fang)(fang)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)產物，沒有任何一種(zhong)西方(fang)(fang)(fang)理(li)論(lun)能夠(gou)完(wan)全(quan)(quan)契(qi)合中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)情。

但是，一種理論的(de)成熟(shu)顯然(ran)不可(ke)能(neng)在旦夕之(zhi)間完成。就(jiu)廣告(gao)傳(chuan)播理論而言(yan)，我國本土廣告(gao)傳(chuan)播理論的(de)建設還需經歷一個較長的(de)歷史過程(cheng)。在這一過程(cheng)中(zhong)，根植于本土的(de)創新(xin)與對西方成功的(de)研究傳(chuan)統的(de)借鑒都是必(bi)需的(de)。

一、20世紀以來西方廣告傳播理論(lun)研究的發展(zhan)歷(li)程

西方(fang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系統研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)上溯至19世(shi)紀(ji)末廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)典成(cheng)果。美(mei)國(guo)在(zai)當時(shi)已經(jing)成(cheng)為世(shi)界廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)業最(zui)發(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)早成(cheng)果也產生于(yu)美(mei)國(guo)。進入20世(shi)紀(ji)，伴隨著美(mei)國(guo)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繁榮(rong)以(yi)及廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)，美(mei)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)直在(zai)全球(qiu)處于(yu)領先地位。進入20世(shi)紀(ji)，人們對廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識逐漸深化和(he)(he)豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)門獨立學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)。在(zai)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中，廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)、路徑(jing)愈益豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)，同時(shi)，營銷學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)傳(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作為廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)兩(liang)個最(zui)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)理(li)論(lun)(lun)格局逐漸清晰。由此(ci)出現了廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)與廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)之別。明確這一(yi)(yi)點在(zai)理(li)論(lun)(lun)上具有十(shi)分重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義。本文(wen)對“廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)”可(ke)分兩(liang)層理(li)解：一(yi)(yi)是指關于(yu)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)活(huo)動與過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)；二是指廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)路徑(jing)。兩(liang)者共同構成(cheng)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)視野(ye)。前(qian)者限(xian)定了廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)對象與范圍，后者則明確了廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)傳(chuan)播(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)屬性和(he)(he)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)方(fang)法。

摘(zhai)要(yao)：新時期傳(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)理(li)論的(de)發展對(dui)(dui)高校(xiao)輿情(qing)處(chu)理(li)有至關重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)作用(yong)。傳(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)理(li)論在高校(xiao)輿情(qing)中的(de)應(ying)用(yong)，能夠應(ying)對(dui)(dui)高校(xiao)輿情(qing)在自媒(mei)體(ti)時代出現的(de)主體(ti)多元化、內容情(qing)緒化、方(fang)式(shi)復合化、受(shou)眾市場(chang)碎片化的(de)新特點，并更具針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)性的(de)正確引(yin)導(dao)高校(xiao)輿情(qing)。

關鍵詞：傳播(bo)學；高校輿情；自媒體(ti)；引(yin)導

傳(chuan)播學的(de)(de)(de)奠基人(ren)麥克盧漢教(jiao)授(shou)認(ren)為：每一種新的(de)(de)(de)媒(mei)介(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)產生，都(dou)會(hui)在傳(chuan)播中(zhong)(zhong)改變人(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)感覺，并創造出新的(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)行為類(lei)型。微(wei)信群提升了(le)我(wo)們(men)群聊的(de)(de)(de)熱度，而抖音充分(fen)利(li)(li)用大(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)搜集個人(ren)偏好培養(yang)了(le)我(wo)們(men)刷小視頻的(de)(de)(de)習慣。媒(mei)介(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)改變不止于此，在這(zhe)些新媒(mei)體迅(xun)猛的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展勢頭(tou)下，我(wo)們(men)每個人(ren)既(ji)是(shi)信息的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸端、接收端，也可以是(shi)信息的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)源(yuan)地，可以稱之為“自媒(mei)體”時(shi)代。據(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)國互聯網數(shu)據(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)查詢(xun)到的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)，截止2018年(nian)(nian)底，微(wei)信的(de)(de)(de)注冊用戶(hu)數(shu)已超(chao)過10億。微(wei)博用戶(hu)數(shu)在2018年(nian)(nian)上半(ban)年(nian)(nian)達到3.37億。抖音更(geng)是(shi)僅用了(le)兩年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間便達到了(le)8億的(de)(de)(de)用戶(hu)注冊量。結(jie)合高校(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)學生接近100%的(de)(de)(de)手機普及率(lv)，面對“新媒(mei)介(jie)(jie)”“微(wei)時(shi)代”“自媒(mei)體”等時(shi)代背(bei)景(jing)下的(de)(de)(de)挑(tiao)戰，高校(xiao)學生工(gong)作者一定要(yao)把握好高校(xiao)輿情特點，從傳(chuan)播學理論中(zhong)(zhong)尋找規律，加以利(li)(li)用和引導(dao)。

一、新媒體時代高校輿情(qing)特點

（一(yi)(yi)）傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)主(zhu)體(ti)多(duo)(duo)元化(hua)(hua)。高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)群(qun)體(ti)知識層次較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)，易(yi)(yi)于接(jie)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)新(xin)(xin)事(shi)物，并且(qie)上網時(shi)間自(zi)由。因此，高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)已(yi)經(jing)在互聯(lian)網群(qun)體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)有相(xiang)當大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)比(bi)重，每個(ge)(ge)人(ren)都(dou)(dou)可以(yi)(yi)利用(yong)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通訊工(gong)具發(fa)(fa)聲(sheng)，交互式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)方式、專業化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)內(nei)容(rong)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)數據(ju)(ju)存儲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量和(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)容(rong)量特性(xing)，使受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)眾(zhong)(zhong)擺(bai)脫了(le)(le)過去只能(neng)單(dan)向接(jie)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位，每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)(dou)能(neng)成為(wei)(wei)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產者、制造(zao)者和(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸者。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型(xing)集體(ti)，一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)社會圈(quan)子，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)口口相(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)也(ye)(ye)是輿(yu)(yu)情(qing)(qing)蔓延的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)重要途徑，而且(qie)通過熟(shu)人(ren)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)往往更(geng)(geng)容(rong)易(yi)(yi)令人(ren)信(xin)(xin)(xin)服，更(geng)(geng)容(rong)易(yi)(yi)形(xing)成集體(ti)效應。當每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)都(dou)(dou)可以(yi)(yi)成為(wei)(wei)媒(mei)介中(zhong)(zhong)心、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)中(zhong)(zhong)樞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)元化(hua)(hua)已(yi)經(jing)形(xing)成。（二）傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)內(nei)容(rong)情(qing)(qing)緒化(hua)(hua)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)有著強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)達訴(su)求，比(bi)較(jiao)關注時(shi)事(shi)和(he)社會公平，有自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想和(he)抱(bao)負(fu)(fu)，但缺少社會經(jing)驗，心理還未完(wan)全成熟(shu)，遇事(shi)容(rong)易(yi)(yi)情(qing)(qing)緒化(hua)(hua)，看(kan)待問題(ti)比(bi)較(jiao)片面，又(you)(you)急于發(fa)(fa)聲(sheng)，容(rong)易(yi)(yi)造(zao)成一(yi)(yi)些(xie)負(fu)(fu)面影響(xiang)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，青年人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)血沖動又(you)(you)容(rong)易(yi)(yi)被網絡(luo)所誤導，易(yi)(yi)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)虛(xu)假信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)和(he)錯誤思潮影響(xiang)，表(biao)現出(chu)煽(shan)動性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)緒和(he)行為(wei)(wei)傾向。近年來，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)涉及(ji)國家對外交往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)件(jian)(jian)尤其容(rong)易(yi)(yi)引起(qi)(qi)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)緒，韓國薩德事(shi)件(jian)(jian)、中(zhong)(zhong)美貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)爭端等(deng)都(dou)(dou)在高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)引起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波瀾。而生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)小(xiao)事(shi)，例如抱(bao)怨食堂飯菜太貴、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)干部(bu)檢(jian)查(cha)衛生(sheng)(sheng)與同(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)矛(mao)盾等(deng)，也(ye)(ye)很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)(yi)因為(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)緒化(hua)(hua)，在一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)小(xiao)范圍(wei)內(nei)演變成校(xiao)(xiao)內(nei)輿(yu)(yu)情(qing)(qing)事(shi)件(jian)(jian)。（三）傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)方式多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)方式多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)包(bao)括傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)媒(mei)介、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)內(nei)容(rong)和(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)形(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)。隨著網絡(luo)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展和(he)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)日益提高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)操作(zuo)水平，信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交互方式已(yi)經(jing)經(jing)歷了(le)(le)幾(ji)輪(lun)更(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)，從(cong)最(zui)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)字(zi)，到(dao)圖片和(he)音頻，再到(dao)視(shi)頻，內(nei)容(rong)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)豐(feng)滿，可接(jie)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)度也(ye)(ye)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)媒(mei)介也(ye)(ye)從(cong)早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)BBS論壇，到(dao)QQ、微信(xin)(xin)(xin)、微博、抖(dou)音，它們注冊簡單(dan)、操作(zuo)簡便，交互性(xing)強，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)迅(xun)速(su)，極大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)地豐(feng)富(fu)和(he)方便了(le)(le)人(ren)們生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)，迅(xun)速(su)風靡了(le)(le)整個(ge)(ge)社會，使用(yong)這(zhe)些(xie)軟件(jian)(jian)已(yi)經(jing)成為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)日常生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要組成部(bu)分(fen)。豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)載體(ti)、多(duo)(duo)元的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)渠道(dao)使得信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)方便，高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)輿(yu)(yu)情(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)也(ye)(ye)不斷擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。（四）受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)眾(zhong)(zhong)市場碎片化(hua)(hua)。同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)益于互聯(lian)網技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展和(he)各(ge)種新(xin)(xin)型(xing)媒(mei)介的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)，打(da)破了(le)(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)媒(mei)體(ti)“主(zhu)導受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)眾(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)局限，充分(fen)滿足(zu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)消(xiao)費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)細分(fen)需求和(he)市場，例如：“今日頭(tou)條”會依(yi)據(ju)(ju)用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀏覽偏好精準推送用(yong)戶喜歡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)，新(xin)(xin)媒(mei)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展使得受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)眾(zhong)(zhong)有了(le)(le)更(geng)(geng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇，各(ge)種不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)可以(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)得更(geng)(geng)遠、更(geng)(geng)廣(guang)，而每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)也(ye)(ye)都(dou)(dou)可以(yi)(yi)根據(ju)(ju)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏好找(zhao)到(dao)易(yi)(yi)于接(jie)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)眾(zhong)(zhong)表(biao)現得更(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)泛化(hua)(hua)和(he)分(fen)散。

二、網(wang)絡時代傳播學理論(lun)的變化

摘要：當(dang)前的(de)中俄(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)對中俄(e)(e)兩(liang)國(guo)乃至世界(jie)范圍都有(you)重要影響(xiang)，各個學科紛紛投入(ru)中俄(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)的(de)學術研究，傳(chuan)(chuan)播學同樣將其納(na)入(ru)研究對象。文(wen)章(zhang)選擇國(guo)際傳(chuan)(chuan)播、跨文(wen)化傳(chuan)(chuan)播、周邊傳(chuan)(chuan)播三種應用最廣、與中俄(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)度(du)最高的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播理論(lun)進(jin)行適用性分析，得(de)出了一些具有(you)學術價值與實踐價值的(de)研究結論(lun)。

關鍵詞：傳(chuan)播學(xue)；中俄(e)關系(xi)；適用性

研究緣起

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)兩國(guo)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交往源遠流長，可(ke)以明(ming)確(que)考證，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)正式建(jian)立聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)從蒙元時(shi)期，在明(ming)代(dai)停止交往二(er)百年(nian)之后(hou)，俄(e)羅(luo)斯在明(ming)末(mo)清初(chu)再次與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)發生(sheng)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)直(zhi)至今日。近代(dai)以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)紛(fen)繁復(fu)雜(za)，首先是(shi)(shi)帝國(guo)主義對(dui)半殖民地的(de)(de)(de)(de)侵(qin)略，然后(hou)是(shi)(shi)同(tong)志加兄弟(di)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)友誼(yi)，接(jie)著是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘇反目進而(er)兵戎相(xiang)見，最(zui)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)當前(qian)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)全面戰略協作(zuo)伙伴關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”。尤其是(shi)(shi)在“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”與(yu)(yu)(yu)“人類命運共(gong)同(tong)體”的(de)(de)(de)(de)倡議下，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成(cheng)為學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要領(ling)域(yu)，具(ju)有(you)極強(qiang)現實(shi)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)自(zi)然不能缺席。當前(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)有(you)歷史學(xue)(xue)(xue)、語言學(xue)(xue)(xue)、國(guo)際關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)等，每個領(ling)域(yu)都從自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)范式出發，得(de)出符合(he)自(zi)身邏輯(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)成(cheng)果。值(zhi)得(de)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各種交往日益成(cheng)為傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)象，而(er)且(qie)已經取得(de)一(yi)些可(ke)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)果。當前(qian)成(cheng)果集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)媒(mei)介(jie)交往、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)新聞比較、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)媒(mei)體合(he)作(zuo)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)文化交流等，還(huan)有(you)一(yi)些專門針對(dui)俄(e)羅(luo)斯傳(chuan)播現象的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)類型，其間(jian)多有(you)針對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現實(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)照，也可(ke)算作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)范疇。在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)全面展開(kai)(kai)之際，有(you)必要開(kai)(kai)啟學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)范式與(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)象相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統分(fen)析(xi)，以此(ci)強(qiang)化理(li)論(lun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)踐相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)理(li)性(xing)，以及(ji)理(li)論(lun)指導(dao)實(shi)踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效性(xing)；相(xiang)對(dui)于研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜(za)多變，學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)理(li)論(lun)具(ju)體而(er)穩定，傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)性(xing)分(fen)析(xi)可(ke)以成(cheng)為相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)性(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統分(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)切入點。

適用性分析

歸納(na)已有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學研究成(cheng)果，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)最(zui)為(wei)廣(guang)泛，近(jin)期(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)學者(zhe)首倡(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)尤(you)其(qi)(qi)值(zhi)得(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)。從(cong)(cong)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)角度來(lai)(lai)說，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第一屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)涵蓋區域傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)(wai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、世(shi)界(jie)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)(deng)范疇；基于(yu)(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)即文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史、現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)狀與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)問題均能(neng)折射于(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)容納(na)語言代(dai)(dai)碼、身(shen)份(fen)認(ren)(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、刻板印(yin)象(xiang)等(deng)(deng)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理論(lun)(lun)；相比(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)歐洲其(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊性(xing)(xing)凸顯為(wei)兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地理相連，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)涉(she)及從(cong)(cong)官(guan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)到民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)、經(jing)濟、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)各種(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)類型。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。當前(qian)(qian)(qian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)已有(you)(you)(you)(you)研究成(cheng)果大(da)多(duo)(duo)聚(ju)焦近(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)，從(cong)(cong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)維度來(lai)(lai)看，分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)清(qing)末民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)初(chu)(chu)、蘇聯(lian)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)、冷戰(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)三個階(jie)段，體(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史和它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表象(xiang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)歷(li)(li)史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)合(he)(he)圖(tu)案，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)織(zhi)著(zhu)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、進步和文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及它們之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)連續不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌跡”。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)正式開(kai)始進入國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“宗藩(fan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“朝貢體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”讓位于(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)全(quan)球交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。19世(shi)紀后(hou)期(qi)(qi)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)列強(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)帝國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)全(quan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)優勢(shi)，表現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)赤裸裸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)侵(qin)略(lve)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源掠奪，俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)東(dong)北和西(xi)(xi)北方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)獲得(de)了(le)前(qian)(qian)(qian)所(suo)未有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨(ju)大(da)利益。一戰(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙皇俄(e)(e)(e)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)變成(cheng)蘇維埃俄(e)(e)(e)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平等(deng)(deng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)逐漸(jian)從(cong)(cong)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)轉向(xiang)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)，布爾什維克(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“庶民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勝利”激勵了(le)當時(shi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)途不(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)革命。新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)逐步擺脫蘇聯(lian)模式，渴(ke)(ke)望探索(suo)一種(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平等(deng)(deng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。如果說明(ming)(ming)(ming)末清(qing)初(chu)(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)事交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)階(jie)段，蘇聯(lian)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)則是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)階(jie)段，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別偏(pian)向(xiang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)：前(qian)(qian)(qian)者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)侵(qin)略(lve)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)掠奪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)談判、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)輸入等(deng)(deng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)式，這些都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)；后(hou)者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)歧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，既有(you)(you)(you)(you)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)結盟(meng)，也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)，更有(you)(you)(you)(you)軍(jun)事沖(chong)突。正如馬特拉所(suo)說，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)先天具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)霸(ba)(ba)權傾向(xiang)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)孕育反抗(kang)(kang)霸(ba)(ba)權的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平等(deng)(deng)追求。當前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯經(jing)歷(li)(li)蘇東(dong)巨(ju)變已有(you)(you)(you)(you)三十年(nian)(nian)(nian)，除了(le)軍(jun)事實力之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)，政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)影響(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)復當年(nian)(nian)(nian)，經(jing)濟水平更是(shi)(shi)(shi)一落千(qian)丈(zhang)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)濟合(he)(he)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平等(deng)(deng)伙(huo)(huo)伴關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。由此可見，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理論(lun)(lun)適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)描述(shu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)層面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)事交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)、政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)、經(jing)濟交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)，適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)解釋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)側重(zhong)點與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵點。跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。華(hua)夏(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)自(zi)古(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)獨(du)樹一幟，從(cong)(cong)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)制度、生(sheng)產方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式到思想(xiang)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)十分(fen)(fen)(fen)鮮明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)特征。相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯先后(hou)受到北歐、蒙古(gu)(gu)、西(xi)(xi)歐等(deng)(deng)外(wai)(wai)來(lai)(lai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)(xiang)巨(ju)大(da)，華(hua)夏(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原生(sheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)唯一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“五千(qian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷裂文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)”。跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)朝向(xiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)異(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)理論(lun)(lun)，著(zhu)力解釋文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)所(suo)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)列問題及其(qi)(qi)后(hou)果，“傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)即文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”意(yi)(yi)味(wei)著(zhu)“傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)幾乎存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)聯(lian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一切(qie)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)較為(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯，這意(yi)(yi)味(wei)著(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)完全(quan)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)納(na)入跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。從(cong)(cong)清(qing)代(dai)(dai)及其(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)早期(qi)(qi)接觸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地緣沖(chong)突，到20世(shi)紀前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)沙俄(e)(e)(e)推進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“黃(huang)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯計劃”，再(zai)到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘇關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結盟(meng)、破裂、對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)年(nian)(nian)(nian)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)友好(hao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流年(nian)(nian)(nian)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)友好(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夜等(deng)(deng)諸如此類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)活(huo)動(dong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)互為(wei)彼(bi)此的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下，任何傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)障礙都(dou)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)從(cong)(cong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)探尋緣由，反之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦然。無論(lun)(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)軍(jun)事對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)侵(qin)略(lve)擴張，無論(lun)(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)壓迫還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)霸(ba)(ba)凌，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠著(zhu)總是(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)夠給予解釋。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)雙方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無非(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)弱相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或(huo)(huo)形(xing)勢(shi)相當，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)控(kong)(kong)制與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)控(kong)(kong)制總是(shi)(shi)(shi)發生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)倚(yi)強(qiang)(qiang)凌弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，近(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)軍(jun)事交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)、政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)、經(jing)濟交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)往(wang)(wang)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)一直(zhi)呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單向(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)，最(zui)終(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“黃(huang)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯計劃”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)失敗(bai)而(er)告終(zhong)。蘇聯(lian)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)領域有(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)端倪，蘇俄(e)(e)(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要特征，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)追求獨(du)立自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)華(hua)夏(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)我呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，思想(xiang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)決(jue)(jue)定了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)始終(zhong)保持對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)性(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。當前(qian)(qian)(qian)官(guan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)實力此消(xiao)彼(bi)長，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)面(mian)臨美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)威脅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)勢(shi)下，兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)渴(ke)(ke)望以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)推動(dong)平等(deng)(deng)協作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)伙(huo)(huo)伴關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。由此可見，相比(bi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯豁性(xing)(xing)，跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)潛在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)性(xing)(xing)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任何問題都(dou)可參考傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)失衡(heng)背后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)。周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。近(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)直(zhi)至今日，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及兩(liang)者(zhe)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)出(chu)自(zi)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)語境。基于(yu)(yu)(yu)理想(xiang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義或(huo)(huo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)理論(lun)(lun)，開(kai)展國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)(qian)提都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)性(xing)(xing)共(gong)存，無論(lun)(lun)強(qiang)(qiang)調競爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)共(gong)存，開(kai)展國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均為(wei)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)利益。跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)地對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)認(ren)(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)建立在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)異(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平衡(heng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)再(zai)平衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)假設之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)倡(chang)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“一帶一路”與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“人類命運共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)”直(zhi)接來(lai)(lai)自(zi)“和而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)思想(xiang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“和”為(wei)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)解決(jue)(jue)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”為(wei)前(qian)(qian)(qian)提。由是(shi)(shi)(shi)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理論(lun)(lun)確(que)實對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)適(shi)用(yong)性(xing)(xing)，只是(shi)(shi)(shi)難以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)契(qi)合(he)(he)當前(qian)(qian)(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略(lve)規劃；提出(chu)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)概念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)學者(zhe)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)們渴(ke)(ke)望以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)理論(lun)(lun)解釋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)問題，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此彌(mi)合(he)(he)東(dong)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)知差(cha)(cha)異(yi)。周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)雖(sui)未形(xing)成(cheng)清(qing)晰可見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)(lun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，卻已經(jing)作(zuo)出(chu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念(nian)闡釋：“所(suo)謂周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)權轄區邊(bian)(bian)(bian)界(jie)兩(liang)側進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、介于(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)綜(zong)合(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)活(huo)動(dong)。”相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)照顧國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)利益，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)既有(you)(you)(you)(you)官(guan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)內(nei)(nei)容與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)媒介更加(jia)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)；相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)跨(kua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣(yang)承認(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)異(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及其(qi)(qi)平衡(heng)，更加(jia)側重(zhong)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)異(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)相似性(xing)(xing)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)動(dong)機不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)異(yi)”而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“求同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)存異(yi)”。可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學術價(jia)值(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)它是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)比(bi)較研究方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)必然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)(qian)提假設與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)絕對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)判斷；周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐價(jia)值(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)它能(neng)高度契(qi)合(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)當前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)勢(shi)，能(neng)夠直(zhi)接用(yong)來(lai)(lai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)早已存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”———陸地相鄰(lin)本(ben)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)，這還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俄(e)(e)(e)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質區別。

內容(rong)摘要(yao):20世紀初(chu)以來(lai)，世界傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)業(ye)(ye)飛速發展。百(bai)年(nian)間，報(bao)紙、廣播、電視(shi)、互聯網(wang)相繼問世，日益多元化(hua)(hua)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播媒(mei)(mei)介和現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播手段對(dui)世界政(zheng)治、經濟、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)產生了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)影(ying)響(xiang)。高校作(zuo)為(wei)向傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)業(ye)(ye)輸送人(ren)才(cai)的(de)主要(yao)渠道之(zhi)一(yi)，在(zai)培(pei)養傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)理念、方式、目(mu)標等方面，對(dui)我(wo)國傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展有著直接影(ying)響(xiang)。然而我(wo)國一(yi)些(xie)高校傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)教(jiao)育教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)對(dui)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)理論(lun)(lun)的(de)認(ren)識存在(zai)偏(pian)差，重(zhong)實(shi)踐(jian)、輕理論(lun)(lun)。基(ji)于此，文(wen)章(zhang)分析了(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)理論(lun)(lun)在(zai)高校傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養中(zhong)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)。

關鍵詞：傳播(bo)學(xue)理論傳媒專業人(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)

當前(qian)，我(wo)國傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)產業正在(zai)高速發展(zhan)。2014年，在(zai)我(wo)國GDP增長放(fang)緩的(de)(de)情況下，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)產業年增長率逆勢上(shang)揚，從2013年的(de)(de)15.5%上(shang)升至2014年的(de)(de)15.8%。一個欣(xin)欣(xin)向(xiang)榮的(de)(de)產業需要(yao)人(ren)才支撐。高校(xiao)作(zuo)為培養傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)專業人(ren)才的(de)(de)搖籃(lan)，其(qi)培養理念、教學(xue)方式(shi)與教學(xue)模式(shi)等至關(guan)(guan)重(zhong)要(yao)。在(zai)當前(qian)的(de)(de)信息時代，媒(mei)介無處不在(zai)，甚至無孔不入(ru)(ru)。隨著新老媒(mei)體(ti)的(de)(de)交(jiao)融(rong)，融(rong)合性(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)生態圈(quan)呼(hu)之欲出，媒(mei)介融(rong)合日(ri)(ri)(ri)趨深入(ru)(ru)，而這(zhe)一切使傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播學(xue)相關(guan)(guan)理論(lun)與社會經濟的(de)(de)發展(zhan)，以(yi)及人(ren)們的(de)(de)日(ri)(ri)(ri)常生活聯(lian)系(xi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)趨緊(jin)密。

一、傳媒專(zhuan)業的發(fa)展概況(kuang)

眾所(suo)(suo)周(zhou)知，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)發源于(yu)美(mei)(mei)國，其歷史不(bu)過百(bai)年，是(shi)一(yi)門年輕(qing)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)。20世紀(ji)中葉(xie)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)才正(zheng)式(shi)成(cheng)為(wei)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)規課程。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是(shi)一(yi)門交叉(cha)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)，它(ta)與(yu)政治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、社會學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、心(xin)理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、信息論(lun)(lun)、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)論(lun)(lun)、控制(zhi)論(lun)(lun)等諸多(duo)(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)密切，相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)影響(xiang)、相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)滲(shen)透。20世紀(ji)中葉(xie)以后，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作為(wei)社會科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個新(xin)(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)獲得(de)了(le)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)(duo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)注，新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)果不(bu)斷被提出，研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)領域得(de)以拓(tuo)展。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)逐漸(jian)形成(cheng)了(le)較為(wei)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)(lun)體系(xi)(xi)和較為(wei)完備的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)體系(xi)(xi)。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)逐漸(jian)成(cheng)為(wei)顯學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，其學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)地位也得(de)到了(le)鞏(gong)固(gu)。據統(tong)計(ji)，在20世紀(ji)八九(jiu)十年代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)(mei)國，各大(da)高校(xiao)(xiao)和社會科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)機構每年發表的(de)(de)(de)與(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)博士論(lun)(lun)文(wen)達(da)120多(duo)(duo)篇，并且逐年遞增。在傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育方(fang)面，目前世界各地的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要高校(xiao)(xiao)基本(ben)都(dou)設(she)有傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)院系(xi)(xi)和專業(ye)，一(yi)些(xie)高校(xiao)(xiao)也因在新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)領域的(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)和教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)而聞(wen)(wen)名(ming)于(yu)世。美(mei)(mei)國是(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)生(sheng)地，也是(shi)現(xian)代(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)教(jiao)育的(de)(de)(de)先行者。早在20世紀(ji)初，美(mei)(mei)國就憑(ping)借在傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)和新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)方(fang)面領先于(yu)其他(ta)國家的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)優勢，率先開展了(le)現(xian)代(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)教(jiao)育。1908年，美(mei)(mei)國密蘇里大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)式(shi)建立標(biao)志著(zhu)世界上第(di)一(yi)所(suo)(suo)新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院的(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)生(sheng)。4年之后，哥倫比亞大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)順勢應(ying)時也成(cheng)立了(le)新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院，如(ru)今(jin)已成(cheng)為(wei)新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)領域的(de)(de)(de)世界著(zhu)名(ming)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)府，其新(xin)(xin)聞(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院所(suo)(suo)秉持的(de)(de)(de)人文(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)基礎與(yu)專業(ye)技能(neng)訓(xun)練并重的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)媒(mei)(mei)教(jiao)育傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)一(yi)直持續至今(jin)。

二、我國高校傳媒專業人才培養的現(xian)狀分析(xi)

摘要：大學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)是高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)教育(yu)(yu)中重要的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)環(huan)，同時(shi)也(ye)是一(yi)項需(xu)要長期堅(jian)持的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)。從傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)理(li)論視(shi)角來看，可以(yi)把(ba)大學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)比喻成一(yi)次傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)過程，包(bao)括(kuo)對(dui)認知(zhi)、情感、意愿的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)。從傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)角度分析，影響思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)是多樣的(de)(de)(de)，包(bao)括(kuo)：傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)信息的(de)(de)(de)豐富性(xing)(xing)(xing)、傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)途徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)多樣性(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)及傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)者素(su)質的(de)(de)(de)差異性(xing)(xing)(xing)等。如何就影響思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)，有(you)針對(dui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)地采(cai)取有(you)效措施，從而提高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效性(xing)(xing)(xing)是目前高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治教育(yu)(yu)工作(zuo)者需(xu)要思(si)(si)考的(de)(de)(de)問題。

關鍵詞：傳播學理論；高校；思想政治教育；有效性

為(wei)了加強對高(gao)校大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央出(chu)臺了相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)《意(yi)見(jian)》，要(yao)求(qiu)在大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)做到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全面(mian)發(fa)展為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)目標、實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是、以(yi)(yi)(yi)人文本與實(shi)踐接軌，盡(jin)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)努力提(ti)高(gao)高(gao)校思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)效性。但在實(shi)際工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)往(wang)往(wang)受(shou)到(dao)社(she)會(hui)各(ge)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，無法有效提(ti)高(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)效果(guo)。從傳播學(xue)角(jiao)度分析，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)把大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)當(dang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是一次傳播的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)，要(yao)想(xiang)(xiang)提(ti)高(gao)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)水平，探索出(chu)思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳播規律(lv)尤為(wei)重要(yao)。

一、傳播學(xue)角(jiao)度(du)下(xia)影響大學(xue)生思(si)想(xiang)政治教育的因素(su)

（一）傳播者的素質存在(zai)差(cha)異性(xing)

傳播(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)傳播(bo)發(fa)起者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)以是(shi)個人、一(yi)個組織(zhi)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)社會的(de)(de)混(hun)合體。在(zai)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)中，傳播(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)中的(de)(de)信息傳播(bo)組織(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、實施者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以及發(fa)起者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)輔導(dao)員(yuan)。由(you)于思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)中，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)素(su)質(zhi)存在(zai)明(ming)顯差(cha)異，從而使思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)性受到阻(zu)礙。目前，高(gao)校的(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)工作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)主要是(shi)輔導(dao)員(yuan)，而輔導(dao)員(yuan)一(yi)般都(dou)是(shi)剛畢業(ye)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)。他(ta)們年紀輕、經驗(yan)少，關于思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)基礎知識(shi)薄弱，在(zai)對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)進(jin)行思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)時難以發(fa)揮有(you)(you)效(xiao)作(zuo)用。［1］同時，還有(you)(you)部分(fen)輔導(dao)員(yuan)雖(sui)然有(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)經驗(yan)，但是(shi)不愿意與學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)深入接觸，無法了(le)解(jie)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)心(xin)理動態，更沒有(you)(you)進(jin)一(yi)步提升自(zi)己工作(zuo)水平，從而使思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工作(zuo)無法有(you)(you)效(xiao)開展。

摘(zhai)要：傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)課程教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容繁雜，理(li)論(lun)(lun)眾多，對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生的接(jie)受能(neng)力和學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)主動性提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了較高(gao)(gao)(gao)要求。文章以提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生能(neng)力為(wei)宗旨(zhi)，以提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果(guo)為(wei)目的，對傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)課程的教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方案設(she)計(ji)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了三(san)個(ge)(ge)原則；在此指導下，結合教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內(nei)容，采用(yong)合適(shi)的教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法和教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)手段(duan)，歸納出(chu)(chu)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)課程教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的三(san)個(ge)(ge)階段(duan)：教(jiao)(jiao)師傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)講解分析(xi)階段(duan)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生運用(yong)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)分析(xi)傳(chuan)播現象階段(duan)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生運用(yong)傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)理(li)論(lun)(lun)到傳(chuan)播行為(wei)的實(shi)踐階段(duan)。

關(guan)鍵詞：傳播學概論課(ke)程(cheng)；原則；教學階段(duan)

傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是一門探(tan)索人類(lei)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)規(gui)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者們研究(jiu)(jiu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)現象(xiang)、總(zong)結(jie)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)規(gui)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業性(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)介紹傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)義、類(lei)型(xing)、方法(fa)、理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)研究(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)果(guo)等(deng)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)助于(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)者對習(xi)(xi)焉(yan)不詳(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)現象(xiang)做出科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)釋(shi)，這使得(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)具(ju)備了相當強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)性(xing)。在中(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高等(deng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)是一門介紹傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)知識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入門課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)，它在相關專業中(zhong)都屬于(yu)(yu)專業基礎課(ke)(ke)。由于(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)發源(yuan)和(he)發展于(yu)(yu)歐(ou)美(mei)，如(ru)何(he)將傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)通過(guo)課(ke)(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、正確、有(you)效地傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)授給學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)面臨(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)問(wen)題。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方案(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)體設(she)(she)計(ji)可以提供系(xi)統方案(an)。因為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是一個(ge)系(xi)統，由教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)者、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)者、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)媒介、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法(fa)等(deng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)構成(cheng)。其(qi)中(zhong)涉及到學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)規(gui)律理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)規(gui)律理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)。這些理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)在一定(ding)(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度上揭示了學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)信息傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)觀規(gui)律，為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)進行科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)安(an)排提供了原(yuan)則和(he)依據。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)設(she)(she)計(ji)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)應(ying)用系(xi)統方法(fa)研究(jiu)(jiu)、探(tan)索教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)系(xi)統中(zhong)各(ge)個(ge)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質聯(lian)(lian)系(xi)，并(bing)通過(guo)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)排使各(ge)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)協調、聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)、有(you)機結(jie)合，共同完成(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)及其(qi)任務(wu)。結(jie)合我校傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)(lun)多年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)面臨(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際情況(kuang)，課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)組確立了以教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)內容(rong)為(wei)(wei)核心、以教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)效果(guo)為(wei)(wei)導向、以教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)設(she)(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統方法(fa)為(wei)(wei)指導、組織其(qi)他教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)環節(jie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方針，形成(cheng)了傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)概論(lun)(lun)(lun)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三個(ge)原(yuan)則和(he)三個(ge)階段。

一、傳播學(xue)概論課程教學(xue)的(de)三個原則(ze)

1、堅持(chi)教學內容講授的歷史唯物主義(yi)原則

因為(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)學(xue)學(xue)科發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)發(fa)展于(yu)歐美國家，其理(li)(li)論、方法等也是(shi)對發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)其時空(kong)內的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)現象、傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)行為(wei)的(de)反映。首先，我們在(zai)引介過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)課(ke)堂教(jiao)學(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)，一(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)堅持歷(li)史(shi)唯(wei)物主(zhu)義觀點，將其還原到(dao)特(te)定(ding)(ding)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)時空(kong)環境中(zhong)(zhong)，引導學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)正確認(ren)識它們的(de)合(he)理(li)(li)性(xing)和(he)局限性(xing)。尤其要(yao)讓(rang)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)意識到(dao)，歐美國家產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)理(li)(li)論在(zai)進入中(zhong)(zhong)國后，必然也要(yao)經歷(li)“本土(tu)化(hua)”過程(cheng)才(cai)能更好地(di)發(fa)揮作用，而不是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)硬地(di)照搬(ban)。其次，每一(yi)種理(li)(li)論都(dou)要(yao)隨著時代的(de)發(fa)展變(bian)(bian)化(hua)經歷(li)補充、修正，是(shi)一(yi)個不斷完善的(de)過程(cheng)，而不是(shi)一(yi)成不變(bian)(bian)的(de)。這(zhe)有利于(yu)打破學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)應試教(jiao)育(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成的(de)答案唯(wei)一(yi)、確定(ding)(ding)不變(bian)(bian)的(de)認(ren)知(zhi)定(ding)(ding)勢(shi)。

傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作為(wei)一(yi)門新(xin)興的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)在(zai)我國大(da)(da)陸興起的(de)(de)時間(jian)并不(bu)長，直到現(xian)在(zai)也還沒(mei)有(you)真正獨立(li)，還是一(yi)個(ge)二級學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)。沒(mei)有(you)獨立(li)，說(shuo)明它(ta)(ta)還稚嫩(nen)，還有(you)很好的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)前景。然(ran)而，最不(bu)湊巧(qiao)的(de)(de)是，在(zai)它(ta)(ta)還十分(fen)稚嫩(nen)的(de)(de)時候，碰上新(xin)中國歷(li)史上尚未(wei)出(chu)現(xian)過的(de)(de)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生就(jiu)業(ye)難的(de)(de)時期(qi)，因(yin)此，對(dui)于它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)未(wei)來(lai)，大(da)(da)家都十分(fen)關(guan)心(xin)，特(te)別是學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)同學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)別關(guan)心(xin)。為(wei)此，我談談自己(ji)的(de)(de)看法，供(gong)大(da)(da)家參考。我今天要講(jiang)的(de)(de)主題就(jiu)是：傳(chuan)播(bo)(bo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨(qu)勢、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)教育與就(jiu)業(ye)問(wen)題。

圍繞這個(ge)主題(ti)，我講(jiang)四個(ge)內(nei)容(rong)：1、傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)在(zai)中國大陸的(de)(de)現狀；2、未來(lai)的(de)(de)發(fa)展趨勢；3、傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)教(jiao)育的(de)(de)問題(ti)與發(fa)展方向；4、傳播(bo)(bo)學(xue)與就業。

一、傳播學在中國(guo)大陸的現狀(zhuang)

傳播(bo)(bo)學七十年代傳入我國大陸。那個時(shi)候，除了少(shao)數學者，一般人都不知道什(shen)么(me)是傳播(bo)(bo)學。進(jin)入80年代，更多的中(zhong)國大陸學者開始對(dui)傳播(bo)(bo)學發生興趣。

1982年中國社(she)會(hui)科學(xue)(xue)院在(zai)北(bei)京召開第(di)一次傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)研討(tao)會(hui)，有上海復(fu)旦(dan)大(da)學(xue)(xue)、人民大(da)學(xue)(xue)、廈門(men)大(da)學(xue)(xue)及《新聞戰線(xian)》等單位共20多(duo)人參加(jia)。由于政治因素，在(zai)1983年，傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)被批(pi)評(ping)為(wei)“精神污染”，1989年以后，被批(pi)判為(wei)“不(bu)講階級斗爭”，有人說，中國只能有宣傳(chuan)學(xue)(xue)，不(bu)能有傳(chuan)播學(xue)(xue)。

1992年鄧小平南巡，引發(fa)了(le)新一(yi)輪改革浪潮，促成了(le)中(zhong)國大(da)眾傳播(bo)媒介的改革，使傳播(bo)學(xue)再(zai)度受到關注。從1993年開(kai)始，由中(zhong)國社會(hui)科學(xue)院新聞研究所與(yu)相(xiang)關新聞院系、研究單位合辦的全(quan)國性傳播(bo)學(xue)研討(tao)會(hui)，成為每兩年一(yi)次的全(quan)國會(hui)議，至今(jin)已開(kai)辦了(le)第(di)八次。