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“三(san)農(nong)”問題(ti)(ti)是(shi)全(quan)黨(dang)工作的(de)(de)(de)重中之重。“加強(qiang)農(nong)業基礎(chu)地位，高度(du)重視并認真解決農(nong)業、農(nong)村和農(nong)民問題(ti)(ti)，是(shi)我們(men)黨(dang)三(san)代中央領導集體(ti)一(yi)(yi)以貫(guan)之的(de)(de)(de)戰略思想(xiang)，我們(men)必須毫不動搖(yao)地堅持下去”。這不僅確立了(le)在(zai)新時期(qi)解決“三(san)農(nong)”問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)地位，也同時指明了(le)我們(men)工作要(yao)遵循的(de)(de)(de)基本原則和前進的(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)。“三(san)農(nong)”問題(ti)(ti)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個涉及(ji)整個國民經濟發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)大(da)問題(ti)(ti)。因此(ci)，必須從(cong)全(quan)局和戰略的(de)(de)(de)高度(du)去考慮和切入。

對我國來說，“三農”有其特殊性和復雜性，富民強國的基礎在“三農”，重點和難點工作也在“三農”。對此，需要各級、各方面在思想上更加關注“三農”，學會用創新的思路，用市場經濟的手段去抓“三農”。實行農業的產業化經營，使農業成為效益農業，成為可持續發展農業。創造更多的非農產業就業機會，促進農村富余勞動力的有序轉移，只有大力發展農村二三產業，才能為農民增收、就業增加、財政增長提供可能和條件。“三農”問題是中國在新世紀里全面建設小康社會工作的重點，也是難點。解決好這一問題，必須上上下下，同心同德，和衷共濟，全黨動員，全民參戰，持之以恒。必須要有充分的思想準備和實際措施的支撐，戰勝各種艱難險阻，走中國特色的城鎮化道路,統籌城鄉協調發展,促進(jin)農民(min)收入增長,實現全面建設小康社會的宏(hong)偉目標(biao)。

黨(dang)的(de)十六(liu)屆三(san)(san)中全會(hui)提出：要(yao)統(tong)(tong)籌城(cheng)鄉(xiang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，統(tong)(tong)籌區域發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，統(tong)(tong)籌經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，統(tong)(tong)籌人與自然的(de)和諧發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，統(tong)(tong)籌國內發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和對(dui)外(wai)開(kai)放，并(bing)強調要(yao)按照統(tong)(tong)籌城(cheng)鄉(xiang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、統(tong)(tong)籌區域發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、統(tong)(tong)籌經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)要(yao)求，逐步建(jian)立城(cheng)鄉(xiang)一體化(hua)的(de)經(jing)(jing)濟體制(zhi)，促(cu)進(jin)經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)的(de)可持續發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。為有(you)效(xiao)地(di)解決“三(san)(san)農”問題，破除城(cheng)鄉(xiang)分割的(de)二元經(jing)(jing)濟結(jie)構，統(tong)(tong)籌城(cheng)鄉(xiang)協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),促(cu)進(jin)農民(min)收入(ru)增長,筆者(zhe)認(ren)為，在(zai)加速中小城(cheng)鎮化(hua)建(jian)設步伐的(de)基(ji)礎上,目前還要(yao)做好以下幾個方面(mian)的(de)基(ji)礎工作(zuo)。

1、改革(ge)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)征用(yong)(yong)制度。這項改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)是(shi)把(ba)現行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強制性政府征用(yong)(yong)行(xing)為改變為交易性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場購買行(xing)為，讓(rang)(rang)農民(min)分(fen)(fen)享土地(di)(di)(di)(di)增值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收益(yi)(yi)(yi)。一(yi)是(shi)要(yao)打破國(guo)家對土地(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)級市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟(long)斷，按(an)(an)照市(shi)場法則解決建設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)問題，讓(rang)(rang)農民(min)代表與用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方直(zhi)接談判確定(ding)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)出讓(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格、出讓(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)和(he)出讓(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)限。二是(shi)對土地(di)(di)(di)(di)出讓(rang)(rang)取得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收益(yi)(yi)(yi)除按(an)(an)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例納稅外，剩余(yu)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)作為“失(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)農民(min)”就業和(he)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資本(ben)。三(san)是(shi)對有長期(qi)穩定(ding)收益(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公益(yi)(yi)(yi)性占地(di)(di)(di)(di)應允許農民(min)以(yi)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)入股的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)參與經營和(he)分(fen)(fen)享收益(yi)(yi)(yi)，當然,還應允許農民(min)把(ba)經批準為建設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)租賃(lin)形式(shi)轉化為工商(shang)業用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。

2、改(gai)革教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管理體制。在這(zhe)(zhe)方面(mian),國(guo)家要(yao)(yao)花大(da)氣(qi)力(li),一(yi)是(shi)(shi)率(lv)先在農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)實行免費的(de)(de)(de)(de)義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。二是(shi)(shi)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)中(zhong)小學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)費由鄉村(cun)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)自籌解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法，從根本(ben)上解決農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)費短(duan)缺(que)、教(jiao)(jiao)師工資長(chang)期拖欠(qian)、教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源流失的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況。三是(shi)(shi)杜絕(jue)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)亂收(shou)費現(xian)(xian)象，減輕農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)負擔。四是(shi)(shi)優化(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源配置，降低教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成本(ben)，提高教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質量。五是(shi)(shi)加(jia)大(da)職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)力(li)度，把農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)緊密結合(he)起(qi)來，改(gai)變(bian)(bian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“離(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”現(xian)(xian)象。讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)中(zhong)國(guo)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)群體享(xiang)受(shou)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，得到(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)實惠。值得肯定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，長(chang)期以(yi)(yi)來，教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”作出(chu)了積極的(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻(xian)，但在新的(de)(de)(de)(de)形勢下，教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)服務(wu)“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”也正(zheng)面(mian)臨(lin)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)課(ke)題(ti)，需要(yao)(yao)我們認真思考，特別應當(dang)看到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)離(li)不(bu)(bu)開(kai)科技(ji)(ji)支撐。然而，現(xian)(xian)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)事實是(shi)(shi)，我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技(ji)(ji)適應不(bu)(bu)了現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)。廣大(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)不(bu)(bu)僅缺(que)乏高級技(ji)(ji)術人才(cai)(cai)，更(geng)缺(que)乏中(zhong)初級技(ji)(ji)術人才(cai)(cai)和高素(su)質勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)建設(she)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)細胞，是(shi)(shi)最(zui)為活(huo)躍的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)因(yin)素(su)。沒有(you)數以(yi)(yi)億計的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)能動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)參與，現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)難以(yi)(yi)欣(xin)欣(xin)向榮(rong)。因(yin)此，一(yi)個很(hen)關鍵的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)是(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)把農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重心調整到(dao)(dao)面(mian)向仍要(yao)(yao)回鄉務(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)創業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)多(duo)(duo)數各級各類學(xue)生身(shen)上，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)給我們提出(chu)了一(yi)個嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，即農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)學(xue)校(xiao)應不(bu)(bu)應該有(you)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦學(xue)模式，以(yi)(yi)及應有(you)怎(zen)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦學(xue)模式，關系(xi)到(dao)(dao)學(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)健康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。無論怎(zen)樣定(ding)(ding)位，無論什么樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)模式，都(dou)必須體現(xian)(xian)大(da)多(duo)(duo)數學(xue)生回鄉務(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)立身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)。解決好這(zhe)(zhe)個問題(ti)，從長(chang)遠(yuan)看，能最(zui)大(da)限度地激發(fa)(fa)(fa)和提升農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)施展(zhan)才(cai)(cai)智的(de)(de)(de)(de)能量。只有(you)這(zhe)(zhe)樣，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)才(cai)(cai)能真正(zheng)享(xiang)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實惠。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)求農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)要(yao)(yao)比(bi)過去(qu)更(geng)加(jia)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)地貼近(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)，想農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)之所想，提供農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)之所需。

3、改革戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制度(du)。這是長期(qi)捆住(zhu)(zhu)農民兄弟(di)離土亦不(bu)能離鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)一條繩索。一是把附加在戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)上不(bu)合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)福利性成份全部剝離出去(qu)，還戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)的(de)(de)本來面目。二是除對一些(xie)大城(cheng)市進(jin)行(xing)戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)管(guan)(guan)制以外，取消對大中城(cheng)市的(de)(de)戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)管(guan)(guan)制，讓(rang)農民自(zi)由選擇戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)登記地，賦予農民自(zi)由遷(qian)徙的(de)(de)權利。三是取消農業戶(hu)(hu)口(kou)(kou)與非(fei)農業戶(hu)(hu)口(kou)(kou)等帶有(you)等級色彩的(de)(de)劃分(fen)方法，按(an)常住(zhu)(zhu)人口(kou)(kou)和暫住(zhu)(zhu)人口(kou)(kou)進(jin)行(xing)戶(hu)(hu)籍(ji)登記。

4、改革社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制(zhi)度。我們要(yao)改變“土地(di)就是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)片面(mian)認識，改革原來主要(yao)涉(she)及城(cheng)鎮居(ju)民和(he)國有單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)福利制(zhi)度，擴大(da)社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)面(mian)，逐步建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)(nong)民與市民、各種所有制(zhi)職工平等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)致、覆(fu)蓋全(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)包括養(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險、失業保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險、醫(yi)療(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險、最(zui)低生活保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等(deng)(deng)在內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)，改變過去把(ba)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民排(pai)除(chu)在社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)錯(cuo)誤作法，為(wei)市場經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)順(shun)利發展(zhan)編織一(yi)(yi)張社(she)(she)會(hui)安全(quan)網。同農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞動力(li)轉移(yi)一(yi)(yi)樣，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制(zhi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立，即醫(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、養(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險、低保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)(deng)制(zhi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立，也是(shi)(shi)解決(jue)“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)鑰匙。目前農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)醫(yi)療(liao)衛生、社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等(deng)(deng)社(she)(she)會(hui)事業發展(zhan)嚴重滯后(hou)，所以對于老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)來說，建(jian)立起社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)，就像給老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)系(xi)(xi)上了安全(quan)帶，但如何來建(jian)立，則需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)(yi)個“實(shi)”字。政府(fu)(fu)應(ying)該(gai)出面(mian)牽(qian)頭，帶動全(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)參與，然(ran)后(hou)逐步建(jian)立起覆(fu)蓋全(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)體系(xi)(xi)。那么，社(she)(she)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)資(zi)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)來源(yuan)(yuan)則需(xu)要(yao)從農(nong)(nong)(nong)民個人、村(cun)級集(ji)體、土地(di)征(zheng)用以及政府(fu)(fu)撥(bo)款等(deng)(deng)各個層面(mian)來獲取。其中土地(di)征(zheng)用應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)(shi)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)來源(yuan)(yuan)。僅僅靠一(yi)(yi)次性(xing)補償(chang)(chang)是(shi)(shi)不夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，政府(fu)(fu)應(ying)該(gai)用科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)觀來對待(dai)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)問(wen)題(ti)，通過地(di)方性(xing)立法，按一(yi)(yi)定比(bi)例從補償(chang)(chang)金(jin)中拿(na)出一(yi)(yi)部分為(wei)老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，只有這(zhe)樣才能(neng)(neng)讓老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)放心(xin)，才能(neng)(neng)防止一(yi)(yi)次性(xing)補償(chang)(chang)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端。

5、改(gai)革財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)稅(shui)收(shou)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)。一要盡(jin)快(kuai)建(jian)(jian)立公(gong)共(gong)(gong)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)，將財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)支(zhi)出主要用于(yu)滿足人(ren)們群眾在政(zheng)治、經濟(ji)、文化等領域的(de)(de)社會公(gong)共(gong)(gong)需要，對于(yu)一切有經濟(ji)效益的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項目，一律要面向(xiang)市場，通(tong)過(guo)市場機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)運作，由業主投資建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。二(er)是取消農業稅(shui)和農業特(te)產稅(shui)，這(zhe)一點國家已(yi)充分注意到了，湖北也已(yi)宣布(bu)。但應與(yu)城(cheng)市居民(min)一樣，以(yi)收(shou)入的(de)(de)多少(shao)為(wei)依(yi)據(ju)，收(shou)取個人(ren)收(shou)入調節稅(shui)。三是降低農村(cun)特(te)別是中(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)部地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)稅(shui)率，吸引東部地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)企業到農村(cun)、到中(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)部地(di)(di)區投資，鞏固(gu)農業的(de)(de)基礎地(di)(di)位，以(yi)實現城(cheng)市與(yu)農村(cun)、工(gong)業與(yu)農業的(de)(de)協調發展。四是建(jian)(jian)立規范(fan)的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)轉(zhuan)移支(zhi)付制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，根據(ju)“以(yi)收(shou)定支(zhi)、量入為(wei)出”的(de)(de)原則，在保證(zheng)不(bu)同地(di)(di)區、不(bu)同階層的(de)(de)公(gong)民(min)享受大體(ti)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)公(gong)共(gong)(gong)服務的(de)(de)前提下，科學劃(hua)分各級政(zheng)府的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)(cai)權與(yu)事權。五(wu)是切實用好用足WTO的(de)(de)“綠箱”政(zheng)策，加大國家財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)對農業這(zhe)個弱質(zhi)產業和基礎產業的(de)(de)扶(fu)持力度(du)。

6、搞(gao)好對農(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育培訓工作，努力提高農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)素質(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)素質(zhi)低，沒(mei)有(you)(you)文化知識(shi)，甚(shen)至(zhi)落(luo)后愚昧，是(shi)制(zhi)約農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)轉移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)障礙(ai)。即使完(wan)全具備轉移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀條(tiao)件(jian)與(yu)可(ke)能(neng)，但是(shi)，他們(men)沒(mei)有(you)(you)科學文化知識(shi)，沒(mei)有(you)(you)專業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)，只會(hui)種(zhong)田(tian)，那么你(ni)怎(zen)么個(ge)(ge)轉移法？只能(neng)是(shi)從自然條(tiao)件(jian)差，土地(di)(di)資源少(shao)(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)，向這方(fang)面略好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他地(di)(di)區移民，讓他們(men)換(huan)一個(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)方(fang)種(zhong)田(tian)，問題(ti)還是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)(you)解決。為了逐步(bu)實(shi)現農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)大(da)轉移，逐漸減少(shao)(shao)搞(gao)農(nong)業(ye)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)員數量，推動(dong)和(he)支援城(cheng)市建(jian)設(she)，加(jia)(jia)速我國現代化建(jian)設(she)步(bu)伐，必須(xu)下更(geng)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決心，花費更(geng)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力氣(qi)，最大(da)限(xian)度地(di)(di)搞(gao)好農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育培訓工作，努力提高農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)素質(zhi)。這一問題(ti)，就目(mu)前而言(yan)，是(shi)個(ge)(ge)加(jia)(jia)速農(nong)業(ye)現代化建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰術(shu)問題(ti)；就長遠而言(yan)，這也(ye)是(shi)個(ge)(ge)全面建(jian)設(she)小康社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略問題(ti)。