導(dao)語：煤礦安(an)全生(sheng)產監控與通信技術(shu)探索一(yi)文來(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)網友上(shang)傳，不代表本站觀(guan)點(dian)，若需要原(yuan)創文章可咨詢客服老師，歡迎(ying)參考。

摘要：重視生產監控與通信技術的有效應用，不僅能夠緩解煤礦生產中面臨的安全威脅，還能提升煤礦生產質量和效率。針對煤礦安全生產監控系統相關概念進行闡述，說明煤礦安全生產監控與通信技術在(zai)我國目前的發展現狀，探討了關于強化煤礦安全生(sheng)產監控與通信(xin)技術的有效途徑(jing)，希望對(dui)相關人員提供幫(bang)助和(he)指導(dao)。

關鍵詞：煤(mei)礦；安全；生(sheng)產；監(jian)控；通信；技術

我國在發展過程中，離不開各類資源的有效支持，以“煤炭”資源為例，能夠為生產和生活提供很大幫助和便利，對我國經濟發展有著一定的促進作用。然而，任何事物具有雙面性，在煤礦生產中經常會面臨一系列安全事故，威脅工作人員的生命安全同時，還會降低煤礦企業的經濟效益。為了實現煤礦生產各項活動安全進行，就需要重視監控與通信技術的應用，將其作為當前重點工作去探索。

1煤礦安全生產監控系統相關概念

利用煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)生(sheng)產(chan)監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，能(neng)夠為煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)監(jian)控(kong)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)重要(yao)指導，重點有(you)“安(an)(an)全監(jian)控(kong)”、“瓦斯(si)抽采監(jian)控(kong)”以及(ji)“供(gong)(gong)電監(jian)控(kong)”等系(xi)統(tong)(tong)[1]。通(tong)常情況下(xia)，煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)內容有(you)兩點，一是監(jian)控(kong)不同(tong)生(sheng)產(chan)環節工(gong)作(zuo)，二是監(jian)控(kong)煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)通(tong)風情況，以此(ci)來(lai)確保生(sheng)產(chan)安(an)(an)全有(you)序(xu)進行。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有(you)多樣化的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)，不僅包(bao)括聲光報警和(he)(he)顯示，還涉及(ji)存儲和(he)(he)傳輸等各個方面，實(shi)現(xian)了監(jian)控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)動態化發展(zhan)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原理是借助軟(ruan)件(jian)和(he)(he)硬件(jian)，以計算機為主導，開展(zhan)具體的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)控(kong)工(gong)作(zuo)，實(shi)現(xian)了信息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效收(shou)集。在(zai)煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)，使用監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，能(neng)夠提(ti)升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)作(zuo)質量和(he)(he)效率，讓管(guan)(guan)理人員及(ji)時(shi)掌握生(sheng)產(chan)環境和(he)(he)進步(bu)，實(shi)時(shi)了解礦(kuang)井內信息(xi)。同(tong)時(shi)，還能(neng)通(tong)過(guo)信息(xi)資(zi)料的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)集，對礦(kuang)井存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全隱(yin)患進行預測(ce)和(he)(he)判(pan)斷，及(ji)時(shi)進行預防和(he)(he)解決，確保工(gong)作(zuo)正常開展(zhan)。

2我國煤礦安全生產監控與通信技術發展現狀

對于(yu)煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)通信技(ji)(ji)術而(er)(er)言(yan)，主要(yao)是依靠煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統，這一系統在設(she)計過程中，具(ju)有(you)(you)實時(shi)性和模式化(hua)，包含不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備和構件，主要(yao)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)就是為了將(jiang)礦(kuang)井生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體情(qing)況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)實時(shi)了解(jie)，防止各(ge)類安(an)全(quan)(quan)事故的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)，確(que)保工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員生(sheng)命(ming)和財(cai)產(chan)(chan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)不受威脅[2]。當前，我(wo)國煤(mei)(mei)炭坑道經常使用的(de)(de)(de)是GPS定(ding)(ding)位，作(zuo)為一種先(xian)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位技(ji)(ji)術，對煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)非常重(zhong)要(yao)。然而(er)(er)，也(ye)存在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)局(ju)限性，主要(yao)表(biao)現在無法將(jiang)GPS部署在整個通道之內，使得(de)定(ding)(ding)位缺乏全(quan)(quan)面和系統性，這樣就會導致煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)存在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)隱患(huan)，影響生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)序進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。為了進(jin)一步確(que)保安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，人(ren)們開始重(zhong)視煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)通信技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)應用，對監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統有(you)(you)了更高的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。例如(ru)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)無線(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)，識(shi)別(bie)卡應與(yu)(yu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統，距離保持(chi)在10 m以(yi)上；在設(she)置(zhi)識(shi)別(bie)卡具(ju)體數(shu)量時(shi)，應結合礦(kuang)井的(de)(de)(de)實際情(qing)況和相關(guan)規定(ding)(ding)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)；煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員在正常工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)，需要(yao)佩(pei)戴相應的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)檢測器(qi)，如(ru)果出(chu)現問題，可以(yi)對其位置(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)鎖定(ding)(ding)，開展相應的(de)(de)(de)救援工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，確(que)保工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命(ming)安(an)全(quan)(quan)。

3強化煤礦安全生產監控與通信技術的有效途徑

3.1促進通信(xin)系(xi)統朝著全(quan)方位和系(xi)統化發展(zhan)

在煤炭安全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產監(jian)(jian)督過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，通(tong)信系統(tong)有著不(bu)可(ke)(ke)替代性(xing)(xing)[3]。不(bu)僅能(neng)夠實(shi)(shi)現生(sheng)產調動(dong)(dong)和緊急通(tong)知，還能(neng)集合報警聯動(dong)(dong)，如(ru)(ru)果在生(sheng)產過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)出(chu)現意外事(shi)件(jian)，系統(tong)可(ke)(ke)以對(dui)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)行幫助(zhu)，尤其(qi)(qi)是逃(tao)生(sheng)路線的優化，確(que)保礦(kuang)井內部避難更(geng)加(jia)有秩序(xu)。因此(ci)，將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)使(shi)用在日常的生(sheng)產工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)以發揮其(qi)(qi)監(jian)(jian)督職能(neng)，確(que)保監(jian)(jian)督更(geng)具(ju)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)性(xing)(xing)和實(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)。例如(ru)(ru)，工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員操作(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)如(ru)(ru)果出(chu)現失誤，管理(li)層就可(ke)(ke)以通(tong)過(guo)通(tong)訊系統(tong)及時(shi)(shi)發現，并對(dui)其(qi)(qi)進(jin)行有效糾正，防止損失進(jin)一步擴大；如(ru)(ru)果出(chu)現礦(kuang)井安全(quan)(quan)等事(shi)故(gu)，系統(tong)能(neng)夠實(shi)(shi)現遇難人(ren)(ren)員與營(ying)救者(zhe)的有效聯系和溝通(tong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)包(bao)括視頻、語音等通(tong)信功能(neng)，保證(zheng)各類工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員的生(sheng)命安全(quan)(quan)[4]。

3.2有效(xiao)應用定位(wei)技(ji)(ji)術與遙感技(ji)(ji)術

3.2.1定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)開(kai)展煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)下(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)，如(ru)果發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)安(an)全事(shi)(shi)(shi)故，想要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)其進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)時(shi)處理，確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)應(ying)急救(jiu)援(yuan)(yuan)更(geng)加準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)。因為(wei)精準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)者(zhe)生(sheng)(sheng)命安(an)全，只(zhi)有確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)精準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)特殊情況下(xia)才(cai)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)具(ju)體(ti)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)加以(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，提(ti)升救(jiu)援(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率。煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)，由于部分(fen)(fen)企業定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)設(she)備(bei)(bei)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)老化，仍然使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜和定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，雖說系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督和定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，但(dan)是(shi)容易受外界因素(su)影響(xiang)，使(shi)(shi)得定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)精度(du)經常面(mian)臨不準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象，如(ru)果發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)難，難以(yi)(yi)(yi)將(jiang)(jiang)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大價值體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)來。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)相(xiang)(xiang)關企業就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)重(zhong)視，精準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)踐應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)便(bian)攜(xie)式定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)和GPS系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)兩(liang)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機結合，對(dui)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)作(zuo)業者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)和分(fen)(fen)布情況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)把(ba)握，確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)得到(dao)(dao)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)更(geng)新，從而對(dui)被困人(ren)(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)加以(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。為(wei)了(le)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)這一目標，就(jiu)應(ying)將(jiang)(jiang)精準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，為(wei)救(jiu)援(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe)爭取更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)救(jiu)援(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)間，挽救(jiu)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命。目前，我國(guo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)有GPS定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，具(ju)有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制(zhi)(zhi)，難以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)整個煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)下(xia)巷道(dao)中(zhong)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全面(mian)覆蓋，這就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)到(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員精準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)RFD以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)漏泄電(dian)(dian)纜等，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)某種條件下(xia)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)(jiang)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)，縮短了(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員尋找的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間。也可以(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)命探(tan)查(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)為(wei)輔助(zhu)，安(an)全事(shi)(shi)(shi)故如(ru)果發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)第一時(shi)間利(li)用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)設(she)備(bei)(bei)對(dui)遇險人(ren)(ren)(ren)員進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。因為(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內，大部分(fen)(fen)坑道(dao)比(bi)較復雜(za)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)輸無(wu)(wu)線電(dian)(dian)信(xin)號時(shi)，經常會(hui)受到(dao)(dao)各種因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，作(zuo)為(wei)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)企業相(xiang)(xiang)關設(she)計人(ren)(ren)(ren)員，就(jiu)應(ying)對(dui)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內部結構和地(di)(di)質構造，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)有效保(bao)(bao)把(ba)握，為(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)命探(tan)查(cha)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，提(ti)供重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)[5]。3.2.2遙(yao)(yao)感(gan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)促(cu)進(jin)無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)地(di)(di)面(mian)遙(yao)(yao)感(gan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)，相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)于人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)調(diao)(diao)查(cha)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)遙(yao)(yao)感(gan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)調(diao)(diao)查(cha)，有著一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，如(ru)表1所(suo)示，不僅(jin)花費時(shi)間少(shao)，而且(qie)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)全天候觀(guan)測(ce)。通常在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)開(kai)采(cai)中(zhong)，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)故較多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)點就(jiu)是(shi)采(cai)掘工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)，這就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)重(zhong)視煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)通信(xin)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)機械化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，降低人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業，將(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員安(an)排在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)較安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。對(dui)于那些危險性強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)區(qu)域以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)種，盡量可以(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)地(di)(di)面(mian)遙(yao)(yao)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)解決。現(xian)(xian)(xian)階段(duan)，采(cai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有人(ren)(ren)(ren)監(jian)(jian)督和巡視的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)，已經實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)回(hui)采(cai)巷道(dao)遙(yao)(yao)控(kong)與記憶割(ge)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)。然而，卻無(wu)(wu)法對(dui)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)巖(yan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)自動識(shi)別，無(wu)(wu)法完成工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，還需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)液(ye)壓支架和煤(mei)(mei)(mei)巖(yan)分(fen)(fen)層識(shi)別等技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)重(zhong)點研究，確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)更(geng)加可靠(kao)安(an)全。作(zuo)為(wei)無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)地(di)(di)面(mian)遙(yao)(yao)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，不但(dan)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)避免生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)事(shi)(shi)(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)，還能(neng)(neng)節(jie)省(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)力資(zi)源，為(wei)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)提(ti)供安(an)全保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)[6。

3.3制定科學有效的(de)地質災難應(ying)急備案

在(zai)煤(mei)礦(kuang)開(kai)采過(guo)程中，受環境等因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，開(kai)采工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較復雜，容易出現各類地(di)質(zhi)災(zai)害[7]。如(ru)果(guo)沒有及時將(jiang)這(zhe)類災(zai)害發(fa)現和(he)反(fan)饋，不僅會造成工(gong)作(zuo)人員的(de)(de)(de)傷亡，還會給(gei)煤(mei)礦(kuang)企業(ye)(ye)帶來不利影響(xiang)，降低其經濟(ji)效益(yi)。作(zuo)為煤(mei)礦(kuang)企業(ye)(ye)管理(li)者，需(xu)要重視這(zhe)類問題，構建完善的(de)(de)(de)地(di)質(zhi)災(zai)害緊急預(yu)案，充分發(fa)揮互聯網技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)優勢。如(ru)果(guo)發(fa)現異常情況，礦(kuang)區內能夠(gou)進行(xing)自動檢(jian)測斷電并報警。作(zuo)為礦(kuang)區內部監控(kong)與通(tong)信系統，應(ying)能承受相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)泥(ni)石流、水火等災(zai)難的(de)(de)(de)沖擊，并且能夠(gou)實現提前預(yu)測和(he)準備，實現煤(mei)礦(kuang)安全生產的(de)(de)(de)最終(zhong)發(fa)展目標。

3.4提升煤礦(kuang)企業的管理水平

煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中經常會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)各(ge)(ge)(ge)種各(ge)(ge)(ge)樣(yang)的(de)(de)問題，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)水平(ping)(ping)息(xi)(xi)息(xi)(xi)相(xiang)(xiang)關，主(zhu)要是因為煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)內(nei)部管(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)缺乏有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)監(jian)督。想要提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)水平(ping)(ping)，煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)(ying)加(jia)大(da)資金的(de)(de)投入，引進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，實現(xian)物聯(lian)網、互聯(lian)網、計算機(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)及遙感等(deng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)結合，建立一(yi)(yi)(yi)套系(xi)(xi)統(tong)而全(quan)面的(de)(de)監(jian)督系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)管(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)約束，確(que)保各(ge)(ge)(ge)項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)序(xu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面，應(ying)(ying)(ying)定期對(dui)(dui)(dui)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)開采工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)培(pei)訓和(he)(he)(he)教(jiao)育(yu)，讓其掌握(wo)基本工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)同時，還(huan)(huan)要樹(shu)立職業(ye)(ye)(ye)責(ze)任感，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中，嚴格按照相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)標準和(he)(he)(he)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)執(zhi)行(xing)，從而避免操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)不當而發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)事(shi)故。另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面，優化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)完善相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。比如(ru)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定激勵(li)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)表現(xian)優秀的(de)(de)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)適(shi)當給(gei)予(yu)物質(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)精神獎(jiang)勵(li)，從而對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)激勵(li)，讓其重(zhong)(zhong)視煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要性，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)積極性和(he)(he)(he)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)責(ze)任感。同時，優化(hua)(hua)(hua)考核機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)完成(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)培(pei)訓教(jiao)育(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)后(hou)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)定期對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)考核，考核通過(guo)后(hou)才能(neng)(neng)上(shang)崗(gang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，如(ru)果沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)通過(guo)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)繼續學習，掌握(wo)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)巧和(he)(he)(he)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)后(hou)才能(neng)(neng)正常上(shang)崗(gang)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)確(que)保煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)內(nei)部管(guan)(guan)理(li)更加(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)序(xu)，為煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)提(ti)供良好的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)環(huan)境[8]。除此之(zhi)外，還(huan)(huan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)建立全(quan)方(fang)(fang)位(wei)的(de)(de)物聯(lian)網監(jian)督系(xi)(xi)統(tong)[9]。近(jin)年來，科學技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)水平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，物聯(lian)網系(xi)(xi)統(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)種新型(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)運而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，并(bing)且發揮著重(zhong)(zhong)要作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定條件下能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通信(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)率。如(ru)圖1所示，為精準人(ren)員(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，在(zai)(zai)該系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中，包括傳(chuan)輸(shu)分(fen)站、人(ren)臉識(shi)別、井口(kou)交(jiao)換(huan)機(ji)(ji)、主(zhu)/備用(yong)(yong)服務(wu)器。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)員(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)精準性，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)將(jiang)收(shou)集到的(de)(de)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)上(shang)傳(chuan)至相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)服務(wu)器中，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)管(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)各(ge)(ge)(ge)類(lei)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，實現(xian)重(zhong)(zhong)點監(jian)督。將(jiang)其使用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)市(shi)場發展情況進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)實時監(jian)督，將(jiang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)類(lei)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)整合。比如(ru)，煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)區域內(nei)相(xiang)(xiang)關生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)設備、使用(yong)(yong)物資以(yi)(yi)及煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)買賣(mai)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些都能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)根據物聯(lian)網系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，實現(xian)自主(zhu)選擇和(he)(he)(he)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)，使得(de)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)和(he)(he)(he)經營成(cheng)本大(da)大(da)減少(shao)，為煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)走向可(ke)(ke)持續發展，創(chuang)造(zao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)利條件。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個過(guo)程中，還(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)實施全(quan)方(fang)(fang)位(wei)的(de)(de)監(jian)督，確(que)保煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)更加(jia)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)，為了能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)將(jiang)物聯(lian)網監(jian)督系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)發展過(guo)程中，應(ying)(ying)(ying)重(zhong)(zhong)視信(xin)息(xi)(xi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)交(jiao)流平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)構建，通過(guo)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)交(jiao)換(huan)，推動煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)序(xu)發展。也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)聘請高技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、高素質(zhi)人(ren)才，將(jiang)物聯(lian)網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)充分(fen)利用(yong)(yong)，提(ti)高資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)率。

4結語

綜上(shang)所述，要想(xiang)從本質上(shang)促進(jin)(jin)我國煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安全生產(chan)，相關人員就應(ying)樹立正確的(de)生產(chan)理念，認識到煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)安全生產(chan)的(de)重(zhong)要性(xing)，對當前發展階段(duan)面(mian)臨的(de)不(bu)利因素進(jin)(jin)行(xing)重(zhong)點分析和(he)把握，有效將(jiang)監控與通信(xin)技術應(ying)用其中(zhong)，并且不(bu)斷進(jin)(jin)行(xing)優化和(he)完善(shan)，為煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)生產(chan)提(ti)供安全保障，促進(jin)(jin)我國煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)資源開采朝著可持(chi)續化發展，提(ti)升煤(mei)(mei)礦(kuang)企(qi)業的(de)經濟效益(yi)和(he)社會(hui)效益(yi)。

作者：許曉楠 單位：晉能控(kong)股(gu)煤業(ye)集團云崗礦信息中心