建筑技術系列課程教學改革研究
時間:2022-08-17 09:55:34
導語:建(jian)筑技(ji)術系列課(ke)程教學改革(ge)研究一文(wen)來(lai)源于網友上(shang)傳,不代(dai)表(biao)本站(zhan)觀點(dian),若需要原創文(wen)章可咨詢客服老師,歡迎參考。
摘要:在碳達峰、碳中和的國際背景下,為加強建筑綠色性能教育,對建筑技術系列課程進行(xing)整(zheng)合(he),明(ming)確(que)課(ke)程(cheng)培(pei)養目標,優化課(ke)程(cheng)培(pei)養方法(fa),并通(tong)過教學實踐提(ti)高教學水(shui)平(ping),探(tan)(tan)索(suo)培(pei)養綠(lv)色建筑(zhu)師的建筑(zhu)技術課(ke)程(cheng)教學體系,以期為有(you)創造性的綠(lv)色建筑(zhu)設計(ji)專門(men)人才培(pei)養方法(fa)奠定(ding)理論基礎及提(ti)供探(tan)(tan)索(suo)案(an)例。
關鍵詞:綠色建筑;建筑技術;教學體系;教學改革
高校建筑學專業教學體系設置仍以設計課為主,貫穿五年的設計課意在培養學生處理形式與功能的關系,教學內容依據建筑規模、功能、交通流線等方面由簡至難,著重訓練學生空間組織及造型處理能力,而建筑的其他性能尤其是綠色建筑指標基本不涉及。與綠色建筑相關的理論課程僅有《建筑物理》,卻與設計課完全脫離,最終導致一種相互矛盾的現象:高年級涉及綠色建筑的設計課或畢業設計,仍將處理功能與造型作為首要任務,對場地物理環境及氣候條件的分析流于形式,將綠色性能模擬作為裝飾品,對方案并無幫助。對于綠色建筑教育的探索,國內均處于初級階段,發散性設計思維與嚴謹科學精神的培養,正如建筑中藝術性與技術性的矛盾一樣,貫穿建筑教育始終。在校重點教改課題支持下,對建筑學專業建筑技術課程進行了改革,初步探索以綠色建筑為導向的建筑技術課程體系研究。
1系列課程應達到的教學目的
建筑(zhu)技術系列課(ke)程(cheng)是針(zhen)對二、三、四年級學(xue)生開設的(de)(de)課(ke)程(cheng),知(zhi)識點分散,涉及的(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)專業眾多(duo)。為了增加課(ke)程(cheng)間的(de)(de)系統性及連貫(guan)性,除了常規(gui)知(zhi)識點的(de)(de)教授外,在(zai)綠色建筑(zhu)主(zhu)線(xian)上(shang)的(de)(de)知(zhi)識點根據學(xue)生認知(zhi)規(gui)律(lv)做了相(xiang)關(guan)整合,制定了各門課(ke)程(cheng)應(ying)達到的(de)(de)教學(xue)目的(de)(de),使這(zhe)七門課(ke)相(xiang)互間具有(you)較好的(de)(de)銜接(jie)。綠色建筑(zhu)課(ke)程(cheng)的(de)(de)理論(lun)框(kuang)架(jia)如圖1所示(shi)。
2以綠色建筑為導向的技術系列課程教學模式探索
課題(ti)組(zu)嘗試(shi)探(tan)索(suo)從綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)本質出發,在(zai)環(huan)境(jing)中分(fen)析建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)功能(neng),充分(fen)利用(yong)(yong)環(huan)境(jing)及(ji)氣候條件,通過構造實現對環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong),然后(hou)利用(yong)(yong)數值模擬軟件定(ding)量分(fen)析建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)對可再生能(neng)源的(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv),并進行相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)雙向(xiang)互動調(diao)整,直至滿足(zu)功能(neng)、形態(tai)及(ji)節能(neng)要求(qiu)(qiu)。在(zai)碳中和(he)的(de)(de)國際(ji)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia),需深刻思考(kao)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)基(ji)本要求(qiu)(qiu):功能(neng)、形式(shi)、經(jing)濟及(ji)綠(lv)色之間的(de)(de)相(xiang)互關(guan)系(xi)及(ji)制約,打破傳統(tong)功能(neng)形式(shi)的(de)(de)教育理念;建(jian)(jian)立(li)綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設計理論與方法;探(tan)索(suo)綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)導向(xiang)下(xia)的(de)(de)技術(shu)類課程的(de)(de)教學活動體系(xi);培養綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設計綜(zong)合(he)能(neng)力。
3教學實踐
為了實現培(pei)養(yang)“德才(cai)(cai)兼備、基(ji)礎(chu)扎實、善(shan)于實踐、勇于創新(xin)、社會責任(ren)感強”的(de)(de)應(ying)用研(yan)究(jiu)型專(zhuan)業人(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)業培(pei)養(yang)目(mu)標(biao),建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)業緊(jin)緊(jin)圍(wei)繞“基(ji)礎(chu)知識(shi)強化、創新(xin)思(si)維培(pei)養(yang)和(he)實踐能力提升”三個(ge)主題,構建(jian)起(qi)“課程(cheng)關聯度強、知識(shi)覆蓋面廣、理論聯系實際”的(de)(de)“一軸兩翼(yi)四環節”的(de)(de)完善(shan)立體(ti)整合的(de)(de)課程(cheng)體(ti)系。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術課程(cheng)體(ti)系作(zuo)為其中重要(yao)的(de)(de)組(zu)成部分,重點探索以科(ke)學(xue)(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)為主的(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)模式(shi),補充建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)缺乏科(ke)研(yan)思(si)維、理論基(ji)礎(chu)薄弱等短板(ban),努力培(pei)養(yang)出符合時(shi)代要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設計(ji)應(ying)用研(yan)究(jiu)型專(zhuan)業人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。
3.1基礎理(li)論(lun)階段(duan)、專業(ye)教育階段(duan)的教學實踐(jian)
建筑技術課程教(jiao)師(shi)多(duo)數為非(fei)建筑學(xue)專業(ye)出身,工科(ke)的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)性思(si)維和(he)建筑學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)發散思(si)維相(xiang)互矛盾,造成課堂教(jiao)學(xue)學(xue)生(sheng)積極性不高,教(jiao)學(xue)效果較差。本次課程改革目的(de)(de)(de)仍然是培養學(xue)生(sheng)科(ke)學(xue)嚴謹性和(he)科(ke)研(yan)思(si)維,但是尊重建筑學(xue)科(ke)特(te)點,將基(ji)礎知識(shi)與(yu)專業(ye)知識(shi)相(xiang)融(rong)合,采用繪圖的(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)形式,利(li)于學(xue)生(sheng)理(li)解接受(shou),提高學(xue)生(sheng)自主學(xue)習積極性,取得了(le)較好的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)學(xue)效果。部分(fen)課程作業(ye)如(ru)圖2、圖3所示(shi)。
3.2實(shi)踐(jian)拓展階段教(jiao)學實(shi)踐(jian)
2021年《生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)與(yu)(yu)可(ke)持(chi)續建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)目選(xuan)(xuan)取實(shi)際(ji)工程(cheng)(cheng)項目命題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個地(di)(di)(di)坑(keng)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工程(cheng)(cheng)。項目基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)位于(yu)河南省(sheng)鞏義(yi)市一(yi)村莊(zhuang),業主(zhu)(zhu)原有(you)(you)三孔土(tu)(tu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),現(xian)(xian)欲(yu)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)留(liu)用(yong)(yong),并(bing)在(zai)院(yuan)落中加(jia)(jia)蓋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),滿(man)(man)足(zu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)生(sheng)(sheng)活需(xu)求(qiu)。作為(wei)(wei)背景材料(liao),給(gei)出基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總平面圖(tu)(tu)、鞏義(yi)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣象參數。要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對洛陽附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)坑(keng)院(yuan)進行現(xian)(xian)場(chang)調研(yan)(yan),分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)該種傳統(tong)民居(ju)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)缺點(dian)(dian)(dian),加(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)后保(bao)留(liu)地(di)(di)(di)坑(keng)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)點(dian)(dian)(dian)、改(gai)(gai)善其缺點(dian)(dian)(dian),形(xing)(xing)成符(fu)合現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)生(sheng)(sheng)活需(xu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)住空間。組織(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)調研(yan)(yan)后,引導學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)點(dian)(dian)(dian):冬暖夏(xia)涼、節約土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di);缺點(dian)(dian)(dian):通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不力(li)(li)、缺乏采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立總體(ti)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)思(si)(si)路:新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)覆土(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)式(shi),并(bing)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)手法改(gai)(gai)善留(liu)用(yong)(yong)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)氣候分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)軟件(jian)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)熱環(huan)境模擬軟件(jian)及(ji)理論計(ji)(ji)(ji)算,輔助設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)(xing)成既(ji)改(gai)(gai)善居(ju)住環(huan)境又節能(neng)節地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)案(an)(an),如(ru)圖(tu)(tu)4所示。本(ben)次實(shi)踐(jian)拓展教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)探索實(shi)踐(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵內容包括(kuo)以下幾點(dian)(dian)(dian):(1)培(pei)(pei)養科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究思(si)(si)維(wei)目前(qian)國(guo)內建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系延續自歐洲(zhou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)系,注(zhu)重(zhong)構(gou)成訓(xun)練(lian),著重(zhong)訓(xun)練(lian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)空間、形(xing)(xing)式(shi)、造(zao)型能(neng)力(li)(li),學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)普(pu)(pu)遍沒有(you)(you)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)思(si)(si)維(wei)。與(yu)(yu)歐洲(zhou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)偏向藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)不同,國(guo)內仍將建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)劃為(wei)(wei)自然科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)門類,學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)業后除(chu)了(le)(le)進行設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)工作外,有(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)從事科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)究,因(yin)此,訓(xun)練(lian)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)思(si)(si)維(wei)有(you)(you)利于(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)多方(fang)面發(fa)展。這(zhe)一(yi)培(pei)(pei)養任務毋庸置疑(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由技術(shu)(shu)類學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)承擔起(qi)來。秉承“發(fa)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)-分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)-解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)思(si)(si)維(wei),帶領學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不利、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)不足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)(dian)(dian),分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)保(bao)留(liu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)和(he)(he)加(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)空間聯系、通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾,運用(yong)(yong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)手法解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)相(xiang)應問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)這(zhe)一(yi)訓(xun)練(lian)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng),讓學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)直觀感受科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)思(si)(si)維(wei),加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)思(si)(si)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邏輯性,大幅度提高解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)(li),達到創新(xin)(xin)性人才培(pei)(pei)養目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。(2)訓(xun)練(lian)綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)法本(ben)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)目需(xu)要(yao)(yao)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)難題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you):①保(bao)留(liu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)和(he)(he)加(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)既(ji)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)聯系,又不能(neng)影響保(bao)留(liu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng);②促進保(bao)留(liu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)和(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng);③新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冬季室(shi)內熱環(huan)境較差。針(zhen)對第一(yi)個問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),通(tong)(tong)過(guo)課(ke)堂討論,得(de)出解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)方(fang)案(an)(an):在(zai)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)和(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之間加(jia)(jia)入過(guo)渡(du)空間,可(ke)以是(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)井、樓梯間、或(huo)者(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)留(liu)有(you)(you)通(tong)(tong)道(dao),頂部利用(yong)(yong)天(tian)窗滿(man)(man)足(zu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang);針(zhen)對第二個問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),在(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)軟件(jian)對基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)日照、風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)境進行模擬分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi),發(fa)現(xian)(xian)由于(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)周邊土(tu)(tu)坡(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圍合,場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)內風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)境較差,同時(shi)由于(yu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)洞(dong)和(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)單側開口,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)不利于(yu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)壓通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)拔(ba)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)筒、導風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)板等(deng)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)手法改(gai)(gai)善建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng);針(zhen)對第三個問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),對于(yu)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)加(jia)(jia)保(bao)溫板或(huo)者(zhe)覆土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi),改(gai)(gai)善室(shi)內熱環(huan)境。(3)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技術(shu)(shu)系列課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中涉及(ji)前(qian)期(qi)技術(shu)(shu)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)點(dian)(dian)(dian),如(ru):建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)日照、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)光(guang)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)保(bao)溫、墻體(ti)構(gou)造(zao)、天(tian)窗構(gou)造(zao)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結構(gou)選(xuan)(xuan)型等(deng)。在(zai)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)需(xu)求(qiu)下重(zhong)新(xin)(xin)拿(na)起(qi)課(ke)本(ben),變被(bei)動學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)動學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)翻閱課(ke)本(ben)、查(cha)找資料(liao)、相(xiang)互(hu)交(jiao)流,在(zai)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi),復習(xi)(xi)、深(shen)化(hua)(hua)了(le)(le)各個知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。經過(guo)本(ben)次改(gai)(gai)革,同學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)們反(fan)映無論是(shi)(shi)思(si)(si)維(wei)方(fang)式(shi)、設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)法和(he)(he)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理解(jie)(jie)均(jun)得(de)到了(le)(le)普(pu)(pu)遍提高,對教學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改(gai)(gai)革非(fei)常滿(man)(man)意(yi)。
結語
通(tong)過(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)育的(de)(de)視角,對原有建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術類課程體系(xi)和內(nei)容進行整合(he)(he),明確了各門課程的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學重(zhong)點(dian)及(ji)(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)學目標,增加(jia)(jia)了課程間(jian)的(de)(de)連(lian)貫性(xing)及(ji)(ji)系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)。主要(yao)(yao)(yao)目的(de)(de)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian),將(jiang)發(fa)散性(xing)設(she)計(ji)思(si)維與嚴(yan)謹科(ke)學精神結(jie)合(he)(he)起來,使(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學專業(ye)(ye)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)不僅具(ju)有綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)理(li)(li)念(nian)和知識,而(er)且具(ju)備(bei)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)創新(xin)和實(shi)踐能力(li),在(zai)(zai)畢業(ye)(ye)后成為(wei)(wei)實(shi)現(xian)我國早日達到碳排放峰(feng)值及(ji)(ji)碳中和目標的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)力(li)量。通(tong)過(guo)近3年的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學實(shi)踐發(fa)現(xian),在(zai)(zai)現(xian)有的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學體系(xi)上,還(huan)存在(zai)(zai)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)完善(shan)和改進的(de)(de)空間(jian),需要(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術教(jiao)(jiao)研室和建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學系(xi)的(de)(de)同事(shi)們(men)(men)共同努力(li),將(jiang)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術課程與建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)課程相結(jie)合(he)(he),讓學生(sheng)們(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際設(she)計(ji)訓練(lian)中理(li)(li)解綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)方(fang)法。由于教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)育背(bei)景所限,對我們(men)(men)而(er)言還(huan)是(shi)一個全新(xin)的(de)(de)嘗(chang)試(shi),需要(yao)(yao)(yao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)間(jian)充分交流磨合(he)(he),探(tan)索綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)育方(fang)法,從而(er)實(shi)現(xian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)育方(fang)法的(de)(de)轉變,將(jiang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)貫穿(chuan)于整個教(jiao)(jiao)學、科(ke)研、實(shi)踐的(de)(de)全過(guo)程,以期建(jian)立(li)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)完善(shan)的(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)(jiao)育體系(xi)。
作者:王江麗 劉豐軍(jun) 王燕(yan)飛 單位:河南(nan)科技大(da)學(xue)建(jian)(jian)筑學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)筑技術與建(jian)(jian)筑基(ji)礎教研室 河南(nan)科技大(da)學(xue)建(jian)(jian)筑學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan) 河南(nan)科技大(da)學(xue)建(jian)(jian)筑學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)
精品范文
10建筑法的規定