導(dao)語：公務(wu)艦船通(tong)(tong)信(xin)設備(bei)與通(tong)(tong)信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)分析一文來源于網(wang)友上傳(chuan)，不代(dai)表本(ben)站觀點，若需要原(yuan)創(chuang)文章可咨(zi)詢客服老師，歡迎參考(kao)。

【摘要】通信技術作為公務艦船在海上實施安全生產、管理、搶險救助的重要手段，通信設備的配備和使用是公務船舶海上工作的重要保障。本文通過對公務艦船通信技術分析，以加(jia)強(qiang)公務艦(jian)船通信(xin)設備建設研(yan)究，展望未來公務艦(jian)船通信(xin)建設的飛躍(yue)發展。

【關鍵詞(ci)】公務艦船；通(tong)信技術：發展現狀

1引言

隨著現(xian)代通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發展(zhan)，特別(bie)是近年來現(xian)代移動(dong)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)、衛星導(dao)航定位技術(shu)(shu)在海(hai)洋(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)推廣和(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)，使我國公(gong)務(wu)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備整體(ti)水平(ping)(ping)得到迅速提(ti)高(gao)。無線(xian)移動(dong)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)已(yi)(yi)經超越(yue)了有線(xian)固定通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)網，不(bu)僅(jin)能(neng)同時傳送(song)語(yu)音及(ji)數據(ju)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息，實現(xian)和(he)國際互聯網（Internet）的(de)(de)(de)(de)互聯，其技術(shu)(shu)標準已(yi)(yi)經發展(zhan)到第五代移動(dong)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)（5G），能(neng)夠提(ti)供高(gao)速數據(ju)業(ye)務(wu)，傳輸(shu)(shu)更穩定。進(jin)一(yi)步研究(jiu)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)、通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備問題(ti)，制訂具(ju)有一(yi)定先進(jin)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備配備，規范(fan)配備要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，提(ti)升通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)水平(ping)(ping)，使公(gong)務(wu)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)力真(zhen)正適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)日益繁重的(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)上管理(li)(li)工作需(xu)要(yao)，適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)海(hai)難救(jiu)助、搶險指揮的(de)(de)(de)(de)緊(jin)急(ji)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)現(xian)代海(hai)洋(yang)事業(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)。全面提(ti)高(gao)公(gong)務(wu)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀，分(fen)析(xi)研究(jiu)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，以(yi)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)海(hai)洋(yang)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新形勢、通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)新技術(shu)(shu)需(xu)要(yao)，使公(gong)務(wu)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)具(ju)有語(yu)音、網絡、數據(ju)傳輸(shu)(shu)、視頻監控及(ji)多媒(mei)體(ti)傳輸(shu)(shu)等多種功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系統，進(jin)一(yi)步加強(qiang)和(he)完(wan)善(shan)公(gong)務(wu)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系統建(jian)設與管理(li)(li)，有效提(ti)升我國海(hai)洋(yang)管理(li)(li)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)指揮處理(li)(li)能(neng)力和(he)綜合(he)管理(li)(li)水平(ping)(ping)[1]。

2公務艦船通信技術

通(tong)過(guo)對(dui)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設(she)備(bei)的現狀分(fen)析(xi)，了解(jie)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設(she)備(bei)的情況，分(fen)析(xi)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術規范的必(bi)要性(xing)、可行性(xing)，本標準確(que)定我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術要求。這些(xie)無(wu)線通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設(she)備(bei)能(neng)提供中長(chang)距離語音無(wu)線電(dian)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)、全(quan)覆(fu)蓋的衛星電(dian)話通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)、短(duan)距離的公(gong)共移動通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)，以及高速數據(ju)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)、自動識(shi)別、應急遇險(xian)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)等功(gong)能(neng)，完全(quan)能(neng)滿(man)足我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)的通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)需求，并(bing)具有一定先進性(xing)。

2.1GPS系統在公務船舶中的應用

GPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)衛星全球定(ding)位系統(tong)是通過(guo)接(jie)收(shou)GPS衛星信(xin)(xin)號以達到(dao)定(ding)位和導航(hang)等功能，GPS系統(tong)主要(yao)由3部分組成：底(di)座、地面監控系統(tong)、信(xin)(xin)號接(jie)收(shou)設備。

2.2GPS定位導航功能

隨著無(wu)線通信技術(shu)和GPS發(fa)展(zhan)，GPS移動定(ding)位(wei)技術(shu)在公務艦船(chuan)也得到(dao)了很大發(fa)展(zhan)。GPS船(chuan)舶定(ding)位(wei)導航系(xi)統包含通信技術(shu)、GPS技術(shu)、計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)管理技術(shu)和GIS技術(shu)，能夠達(da)到(dao)多方面(mian)監(jian)管及應(ying)用，GPS定(ding)位(wei)建(jian)立非(fei)常簡單，不需(xu)要建(jian)立基站，通信方式(shi)也和手機(ji)(ji)一樣，只需(xu)船(chuan)舶上安裝GPS模塊收集(ji)數據信號(hao)，中央處(chu)理單位(wei)對(dui)定(ding)位(wei)信號(hao)進(jin)行(xing)處(chu)理，然后傳遞到(dao)監(jian)控服務器上。

2.3GPS導航功(gong)能

GPS導(dao)航(hang)原(yuan)理(li)(li)依(yi)賴(lai)全(quan)球定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，精準定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)(dang)前位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置，并且能(neng)顯示船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)具體方(fang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、前進(jin)(jin)速度、航(hang)行(xing)(xing)方(fang)向等動態的(de)信息(xi)，輔助規劃設(she)計船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)航(hang)線等，能(neng)夠幫助用(yong)戶準確(que)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)(dang)前位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置，并且根據(ju)當(dang)(dang)前位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置計算航(hang)程距離。2.4北(bei)斗(dou)(dou)衛星(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)載系(xi)(xi)統(tong)北(bei)斗(dou)(dou)衛星(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)載系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是基于(yu)北(bei)斗(dou)(dou)衛星(xing)導(dao)航(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，集北(bei)斗(dou)(dou)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、短報(bao)文(wen)通(tong)信、兼容GPS衛星(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)及海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)業務(wu)處理(li)(li)等功能(neng)為一(yi)體的(de)衛星(xing)通(tong)信設(she)備。該設(she)備具有(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)監測、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)航(hang)行(xing)(xing)資料管理(li)(li)、漁區管理(li)(li)、緊(jin)急救(jiu)援、短報(bao)文(wen)互通(tong)、進(jin)(jin)出港報(bao)告、遇險求助、航(hang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)通(tong)告、增值信息(xi)（如天氣(qi)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)浪、漁場、魚訊、魚市等）服(fu)務(wu)及定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)導(dao)航(hang)服(fu)務(wu)等功能(neng)。特(te)別是向海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上生產(chan)(chan)作業者及其關聯者提(ti)供多(duo)種通(tong)信網絡間的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)岸、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)間短報(bao)文(wen)互通(tong)服(fu)務(wu)的(de)功能(neng)，深受海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)管理(li)(li)部門和海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)用(yong)戶的(de)歡迎。對(dui)于(yu)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步提(ti)高海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)作業生產(chan)(chan)的(de)安全(quan)性，保障(zhang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上作業人(ren)員的(de)人(ren)身及財產(chan)(chan)安全(quan)，加速海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)事業產(chan)(chan)業化(hua)和信息(xi)化(hua)進(jin)(jin)程，具有(you)重要的(de)意義。

2.5AIS船載終(zhong)端

AIS船(chuan)載終端是AIS系統中船(chuan)上部分的(de)(de)最小單元(yuan)，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)安(an)裝AIS船(chuan)載終端是實現自動(dong)識別(bie)和(he)避碰(peng)的(de)(de)基本要素。AIS船(chuan)載終端可以通(tong)過顯示(shi)(shi)屏(ping)顯示(shi)(shi)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)周圍(wei)通(tong)信(xin)范圍(wei)內所有(you)(you)其他裝備AIS電臺的(de)(de)船(chuan)只的(de)(de)國(guo)籍、船(chuan)名(ming)、呼號、船(chuan)位、航(hang)(hang)線(xian)、航(hang)(hang)速(su)、航(hang)(hang)向(xiang)、轉向(xiang)速(su)度等航(hang)(hang)行(xing)數據和(he)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)動(dong)態等信(xin)息，避免船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)碰(peng)撞，有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)保障(zhang)(zhang)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)。目前，我國(guo)各(ge)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋部門(men)正逐步有(you)(you)序地(di)為條件成熟的(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)安(an)裝B類AIS船(chuan)載終端，將(jiang)AIS系統和(he)全(quan)國(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)安(an)全(quan)通(tong)信(xin)網結合起來，提供海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)實時海(hai)(hai)(hai)上信(xin)息，實現對(dui)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)動(dong)態和(he)靜態信(xin)息的(de)(de)收集、監控和(he)管理，保障(zhang)(zhang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋作業(ye)生產安(an)全(quan)。其有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)實現了公(gong)務(wu)艦船(chuan)自身(shen)的(de)(de)自動(dong)識別(bie)、避碰(peng)，保證公(gong)務(wu)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)安(an)全(quan)。

3衛星通信設備

衛(wei)星通信設備包括(kuo)海事衛(wei)星船(chuan)載終(zhong)端C/MiniC、M/MINIM和(he)F/BGAN站、北(bei)斗(dou)衛(wei)星船(chuan)載終(zhong)端、氣象(xiang)傳真(zhen)接收機等。

3.1海事衛星船(chuan)載終端（C/MiniC站）

海(hai)事衛星船(chuan)載終端(duan)（C/MiniC站）是用(yong)于(yu)全(quan)球存儲轉發式低速數據傳輸(shu)的(de)小型(xing)終端(duan)。船(chuan)載C型(xing)終端(duan)采用(yong)全(quan)向天線(xian)，能在行進(jin)中通信(xin)。信(xin)息信(xin)道(dao)傳輸(shu)速率為600bps，支持數據、傳真業(ye)務，但不支持電話業(ye)務。其廣泛(fan)用(yong)于(yu)船(chuan)舶管理(li)、遙測(ce)、遙控和(he)數據采集，例如位置報告、船(chuan)位監控以(yi)及遇險報警等，以(yi)字(zi)符計費，通信(xin)費用(yong)很(hen)低，體(ti)積小、重量輕，便(bian)于(yu)安(an)裝。

3.2海事衛星船載終(zhong)端（M/MINIM站）

海事衛星船載終(zhong)端(duan)（M/MINIM站）的主要功(gong)能有：語音通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、傳真通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、綜合業(ye)務數字(zi)網（ISDN）通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、移(yi)動分組數據(ju)業(ye)務（MPDS）通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、電(dian)子郵件/Internet、加密通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、船員呼叫等(deng)。其可支持數字(zi)電(dian)話(hua)（4.8kbps）、傳真（2.4kbps）和數據(ju)（24kbps）業(ye)務，十(shi)分適合漁(yu)業(ye)執法船舶在陸地移(yi)動通信(xin)(xin)(xin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號覆(fu)蓋盲(mang)區使(shi)用，并可作為(wei)其他通信(xin)(xin)(xin)設備的備份。

3.3海事(shi)衛星船載終端(duan)（F/BGAN站）

海事(shi)衛(wei)星船載終(zhong)端（F/BGAN站(zhan)）屬于海事(shi)衛(wei)星船用(yong)(yong)寬(kuan)(kuan)帶終(zhong)端，是能夠在全球范(fan)圍內同時提供語音(yin)和寬(kuan)(kuan)帶數據(ju)服務(wu)的(de)移(yi)動通(tong)信系統。移(yi)動寬(kuan)(kuan)帶服務(wu)的(de)速率(lv)可高達(da)0.5M，電子郵(you)件、互聯網(wang)及企業(ye)內部網(wang)通(tong)過VPN連接共享傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)速率(lv)高達(da)492kbps，流(liu)媒體IP按(an)需求確保數據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)速率(lv)高達(da)384kbps，還可以靈(ling)活地根據(ju)自己的(de)應用(yong)(yong)和實際情況選擇(ze)數據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)速率(lv)。

3.4氣(qi)象(xiang)傳(chuan)真接收(shou)機

氣(qi)象傳真(zhen)接收(shou)機具有接收(shou)通過(guo)衛(wei)星播(bo)發的天氣(qi)傳真(zhen)圖的功能，用(yong)于在公(gong)務艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上進(jin)行(xing)天氣(qi)預報，其是(shi)(shi)氣(qi)象分(fen)析的一種重要手段。水文氣(qi)象資料是(shi)(shi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶安全(quan)航行(xing)的根本，是(shi)(shi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶調度和航線(xian)選擇的重要參考依據，也是(shi)(shi)公(gong)務艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)必不(bu)可少的航海資料。

4其(qi)他現代通信技術在公(gong)務艦船中的應(ying)用

4.1視頻監控(kong)/采集系統

視頻(pin)監(jian)控(kong)/采(cai)集(ji)系統(tong)(tong)主要(yao)(yao)部(bu)(bu)件有鏡頭和控(kong)制云臺，通過安裝鏡頭24h進行船體重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)部(bu)(bu)位監(jian)視、圖像(xiang)錄制，并(bing)根據工作需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)錄像(xiang)的文件可以(yi)進行查詢、回放等，可隨時(shi)掌(zhang)握海(hai)上現場(chang)監(jian)控(kong)的狀況。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于噸位較大、航行海(hai)區較遠以(yi)及(ji)參加200海(hai)里專屬經濟區巡航執勤任務的公(gong)務艦船，面對(dui)(dui)(dui)復(fu)雜的工作情(qing)況，特(te)別是處理涉外紛爭(zheng)時(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)事件進行現場(chang)取證就顯得尤其重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)考慮配(pei)備必要(yao)(yao)的視頻(pin)監(jian)控(kong)、采(cai)集(ji)、傳輸系統(tong)(tong)等功能。

4.2基于衛星通信船(chuan)舶移動(dong)網絡通信技術

面(mian)對海上(shang)風(feng)云多(duo)變，很(hen)多(duo)情(qing)況無法預(yu)料等(deng)情(qing)況，為(wei)了(le)船(chuan)舶的(de)運行安全，采取更(geng)加有效措(cuo)施，便于與(yu)陸地(di)及時聯系溝(gou)通，利用海事衛星的(de)特點，通過(guo)(guo)接收和發射等(deng)設備(bei)，建立(li)KU或(huo)C波(bo)段船(chuan)舶移動網(wang)(wang)絡通信系統，船(chuan)員可以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)系統上(shang)網(wang)(wang)查(cha)詢(xun)相關(guan)信息，并與(yu)陸地(di)進行聯系溝(gou)通，陸地(di)可以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)網(wang)(wang)絡監(jian)控(kong)設備(bei)或(huo)視頻(pin)設備(bei)及時了(le)解船(chuan)舶情(qing)況，更(geng)好地(di)保障船(chuan)舶聯系指揮，開展維權執法科(ke)研任務。

4.3電(dian)子海圖導航儀(yi)

電子海(hai)圖導(dao)(dao)航儀(yi)是一種電子海(hai)圖及(ji)綜合信(xin)息系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。其基本工作方(fang)式是將(jiang)來(lai)自GPS等(deng)位(wei)置信(xin)息、AIS、電羅經、ARPA雷達(da)、船(chuan)舶(bo)搖擺(bai)儀(yi)及(ji)氣象信(xin)息等(deng)，經信(xin)號(hao)轉換(huan)后(hou)，由以工業控制計算(suan)機為主的(de)數據采(cai)集(ji)器實(shi)(shi)時(shi)采(cai)集(ji)，根據系(xi)統(tong)(tong)處理和(he)使用要(yao)求分兩路推送，一路供(gong)給“船(chuan)舶(bo)電子海(hai)圖導(dao)(dao)航系(xi)統(tong)(tong)”（駕駛臺(tai)與(yu)操作室分屏同(tong)步），實(shi)(shi)現本船(chuan)自導(dao)(dao)航及(ji)目標追蹤；一路經北(bei)斗(dou)、海(hai)事衛(wei)星、CDMA通(tong)(tong)信(xin)終端等(deng)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)設(she)備，發送給陸(lu)地(di)指揮臺(tai)或(huo)(huo)船(chuan)舶(bo)動態監控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。同(tong)時(shi)，“船(chuan)舶(bo)電子海(hai)圖導(dao)(dao)航系(xi)統(tong)(tong)”可為駕駛人(ren)員提供(gong)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)平臺(tai)，通(tong)(tong)過北(bei)斗(dou)、海(hai)事衛(wei)星通(tong)(tong)信(xin)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、CDMA或(huo)(huo)GSM及(ji)陸(lu)地(di)轉發等(deng)多(duo)種通(tong)(tong)信(xin)手(shou)段，實(shi)(shi)現從船(chuan)舶(bo)到陸(lu)地(di)，船(chuan)舶(bo)到船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)。

4.4RFID管(guan)理系統

公(gong)務艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)RFID系統(tong)設備(bei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要功能是利用(yong)RFID技術和(he)后臺(tai)(tai)管(guan)理(li)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫，遠距離讀(du)取(qu)電子標簽，對(dui)管(guan)理(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)非(fei)登船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)方式(shi)的(de)(de)身份識別和(he)查(cha)詢船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)基本信息，如進(jin)(jin)出(chu)港情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、年(nian)審情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、年(nian)檢(jian)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、違(wei)(wei)規情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、違(wei)(wei)規情(qing)(qing)節、處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)等。在(zai)(zai)公(gong)務艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)配備(bei)RFID系統(tong)設備(bei)，可以使公(gong)務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)對(dui)執法(fa)水域內(nei)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)電子標簽進(jin)(jin)行(xing)掃(sao)描(miao)讀(du)取(qu)，根據(ju)(ju)RFID系統(tong)設備(bei)讀(du)取(qu)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)具(ju)體(ti)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)，對(dui)違(wei)(wei)規船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)做出(chu)現(xian)場處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)決定(ding)，或通過移(yi)動(dong)執法(fa)終(zhong)端存儲在(zai)(zai)IC卡和(he)移(yi)動(dong)終(zhong)端數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫中（該信息通過移(yi)動(dong)終(zhong)端在(zai)(zai)線或定(ding)期與管(guan)理(li)中心數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫進(jin)(jin)行(xing)更新），當(dang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)到船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門接受處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)或者(zhe)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)年(nian)審、年(nian)檢(jian)出(chu)示IC卡時，系統(tong)自動(dong)與后臺(tai)(tai)中心數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫同(tong)步比(bi)對(dui)，修(xiu)改數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫的(de)(de)存儲數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)[2]。

5現代通信技術在公務艦船的發展前(qian)景及未來

通(tong)(tong)過分析(xi)我國海洋(yang)公務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)現(xian)代通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的現(xian)狀，了解公務(wu)(wu)(wu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備的需求(qiu)，分析(xi)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備配備的必(bi)要性、可行性，以確定(ding)我國海洋(yang)公務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)應該配備的通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備。未來，隨著(zhu)計算機技(ji)術(shu)(shu)越來越先進，人工智能(neng)不斷完善，衛星技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和空間(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)飛躍發展，未來海洋(yang)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)更加自動(dong)化，更加人性化，無線通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)將(jiang)更加先進，公務(wu)(wu)(wu)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)將(jiang)有飛躍發展[3]。

6結語

傳(chuan)統的(de)短波單邊帶(dai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)和(he)新型(xing)超短波對講機(ji)、移(yi)動通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)終端、衛星通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)終端等(deng)在海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)中得到逐(zhu)步(bu)推(tui)廣(guang)和(he)應用。隨著通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發展迅(xun)速(su)，全(quan)面掌握(wo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備(bei)的(de)現(xian)狀，研究通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，以(yi)適應海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)新形勢、通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備(bei)的(de)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)需要，從根本(ben)上(shang)解決目前公(gong)(gong)(gong)務船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)不能規范配(pei)備(bei)，技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)標準不清的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，使漁業執法船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)具有(you)語音、網絡、數據傳(chuan)輸、視頻監(jian)控及多(duo)媒體傳(chuan)輸等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)功能的(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)系統，進(jin)一步(bu)加強和(he)完善公(gong)(gong)(gong)務船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)系統建設與管(guan)理(li)(li)，有(you)效提升(sheng)我(wo)國漁政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)機(ji)構的(de)應急指揮處理(li)(li)能力和(he)綜合管(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)，進(jin)一步(bu)加強和(he)完善公(gong)(gong)(gong)務船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)設備(bei)配(pei)備(bei)與管(guan)理(li)(li)，滿足當(dang)前迫切的(de)海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)理(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)生產(chan)需求，構建和(he)諧社會的(de)平(ping)安(an)海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)，讓技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)帶(dai)動海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)變革(ge)，以(yi)使未來公(gong)(gong)(gong)務船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)航行(xing)更加安(an)全(quan)。

【參考文獻】

[1]夏秋芬.船(chuan)舶(bo)通信導航設備(bei)的綜合配套設計(ji)分析[J].黑龍江(jiang)科技信息，2014(20):50.

[2]張(zhang)建華.試論船舶通信導航系(xi)統的種類與發展(zhan)[J].科研，2015(5):11.

[3]黃學(xue)藝.海洋工程船舶技(ji)術發(fa)展新趨勢[J].工程技(ji)術(文摘版(ban))，2016(3):270.

作者：陳波(bo) 陳建霞 單位：武警海警總隊(dui)廣東支(zhi)隊(dui)廣州船艇修(xiu)理廠