導語：如何(he)才能(neng)寫好一篇(pian)電廠安全教育培訓，這就需要搜集(ji)整理(li)更多的資料和文(wen)獻，歡迎閱讀由公務員之(zhi)家整理(li)的十篇(pian)范文(wen)，供你借(jie)鑒。

篇1

近幾年來，華能汕頭電廠不斷推進企業精細化管理，著力推動本質安全管理體系、全員安全培訓、現場作業風險管控、承包商安全管理“四大工程”建設，先后成功完成了3號機的脫硫、脫硝改造、電除塵改造、1號機和2號機的汽輪機通流改造和電動給水泵改為汽動給水泵等一系列的重大環保、技術改造，2012年成為全華能集團第一家本質安全管理體系確認的電廠并獲得發電企業安全生產標準化達標一級企業光榮稱號；電廠的網絡化安全教育培訓平(ping)臺開(kai)(kai)發(fa)與(yu)應(ying)用(yong)成為全(quan)員安全(quan)培(pei)訓(xun)工程的有效管(guan)(guan)理手段和方法，開(kai)(kai)發(fa)的培(pei)訓(xun)視(shi)頻多次獲得全(quan)國性獎(jiang)項并被華能國際電(dian)力股份有限公司推廣應(ying)用(yong)；《安全(quan)審(shen)核管(guan)(guan)理系統(tong)》《外包(bao)單位(wei)管(guan)(guan)理系統(tong)》成為現(xian)場作(zuo)業風險管(guan)(guan)控(kong)、承包(bao)商安全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理工程的新亮(liang)點。

項目實施背景

傳統(tong)安(an)全教(jiao)育培訓模式(shi)效果(guo)不佳

（1）培(pei)訓形式單一(yi)、枯燥。長期以來，盡管汕頭電廠的(de)安(an)(an)監部門及各生產部門對于安(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)培(pei)訓一(yi)直高度重視，采取了多種教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)培(pei)訓的(de)手段(duan)和(he)方式，但由于培(pei)訓形式單一(yi)，采用(yong)傳統的(de)講課形式，取得的(de)效果難以令人滿意(yi)，特(te)別是有搶修任(ren)務時，安(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)培(pei)訓往往會被忽略或輕描(miao)淡寫。

（2）培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)師(shi)資缺(que)乏(fa)。培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)效果如何又(you)跟培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)師(shi)資有很大的關系，培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)師(shi)資缺(que)乏(fa)使培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)常態化(hua)受到了影(ying)響。

（3）培(pei)訓內容(rong)狹窄。傳統的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)培(pei)訓往往缺乏系(xi)統性(xing)和全(quan)(quan)面(mian)性(xing)，主要是(shi)介紹廠(chang)規(gui)廠(chang)紀(ji)和安(an)(an)規(gui)的(de)有(you)關內容(rong)，而對(dui)(dui)電廠(chang)的(de)整體(ti)工藝(yi)流程(cheng)的(de)介紹、特(te)種作業專業培(pei)訓、事故案例(li)、有(you)關法律法規(gui)方面(mian)的(de)內容(rong)較少，不夠全(quan)(quan)面(mian)，特(te)別是(shi)針對(dui)(dui)本廠(chang)現場(chang)情況的(de)培(pei)訓、崗位安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技(ji)能、安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識水平和安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管理能力要求的(de)培(pei)訓則更少，培(pei)訓效果難以令(ling)人滿意。

（4）安全考試題(ti)庫缺(que)乏更新。在安全考試上(shang)，由于缺(que)乏題(ti)庫等原因，經常是試卷一旦成型，往往只(zhi)改(gai)動一下時(shi)間、標題(ti)或(huo)小規模變動就把試卷反復供外協(xie)單位(wei)使用。

培訓課件(jian)開發(fa)的必(bi)要性

（1）創新(xin)培(pei)(pei)訓方式(shi)。扎實地進行全(quan)(quan)員(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)培(pei)(pei)訓，需(xu)要創新(xin)培(pei)(pei)訓方式(shi)。可以借助高科技手段，通(tong)過播放(fang)視頻和文字(zi)、圖片等形式(shi)，針對各類(lei)不同(tong)人(ren)員(yuan)、隨(sui)時隨(sui)地進行系(xi)統化培(pei)(pei)訓。

（2）以(yi)(yi)華能國際(ji)電力股(gu)份有(you)限公司(si)的(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)體(ti)(ti)系來(lai)(lai)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)課件。網絡化安(an)(an)全(quan)教育培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)平臺的(de)課件以(yi)(yi)股(gu)份公司(si)的(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)體(ti)(ti)系為(wei)指導思想，以(yi)(yi)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)理論為(wei)依據，從(cong)實(shi)現人員本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)、設備(bei)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)、環境本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)、管理本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)的(de)角度來(lai)(lai)組織培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)內容，探索(suo)發(fa)(fa)電企業安(an)(an)全(quan)教育的(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)化內涵，開(kai)發(fa)(fa)出一(yi)套(tao)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)化教育培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)軟件及配(pei)套(tao)課件和(he)(he)內容，來(lai)(lai)配(pei)合股(gu)份公司(si)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)管理體(ti)(ti)系的(de)建設，這是對本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)管理體(ti)(ti)系的(de)深化拓展和(he)(he)應用(yong)。

培訓平臺(tai)建設的必要(yao)性

（1）外(wai)協(xie)(xie)單(dan)位日益(yi)增多，而且人(ren)員變動數量、頻次較大，在(zai)此之(zhi)前缺乏一(yi)種軟件能對(dui)外(wai)協(xie)(xie)單(dan)位人(ren)員變動的情況(kuang)進行(xing)有(you)效(xiao)跟蹤、對(dui)人(ren)員培訓的情況(kuang)進行(xing)有(you)效(xiao)的監(jian)督，使(shi)安(an)全培訓和(he)考(kao)核存在(zai)死(si)角和(he)真空，留下安(an)全隱患。

（2）現在電(dian)廠的(de)(de)局(ju)域網(wang)絡(luo)發(fa)達，但還缺乏一(yi)個平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)來實現資(zi)源的(de)(de)共享，迫切需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)種(zhong)軟件(jian)對電(dian)廠的(de)(de)培訓資(zi)源進行整合，實現安全教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)網(wang)上培訓、視頻培訓、在線考核、對外包隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)動態管理等(deng)功能。正(zheng)是(shi)在這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)下，網(wang)絡(luo)化(hua)安全教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)培訓平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)應(ying)運(yun)而生，并從一(yi)開始就(jiu)注定其有重要(yao)的(de)(de)推廣價(jia)值和旺盛的(de)(de)生命力。

（3）華能集團(tuan)、華能股份公司歷來十分(fen)重(zhong)視(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)工作，從公司的(de)戰略定位、企業價值理(li)念、公司的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)理(li)念中，體現出(chu)各(ge)級領(ling)導對安(an)全(quan)(quan)工作的(de)高度重(zhong)視(shi)。在(zai)股份公司的(de)本質安(an)全(quan)(quan)體系的(de)建(jian)立和運(yun)行過程中，采(cai)用(yong)先進的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)教育培訓(xun)是體現華能“以(yi)人為(wei)本”理(li)念，實現人的(de)本質安(an)全(quan)(quan)化(hua)的(de)需要。

正是基于以(yi)上(shang)原因(yin)，為使(shi)安全管理和事(shi)故預(yu)防的(de)關口前(qian)移，2011年1月華能(neng)汕頭電(dian)廠與(yu)北京中(zhong)電(dian)方(fang)大(da)科(ke)技有限公司聯合(he)開(kai)發(fa)的(de)《華能(neng)汕頭電(dian)廠安全教育培訓平(ping)臺》，有效地解(jie)決了(le)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)問題。

2012年，汕頭電廠(chang)承接華能國(guo)際電力股(gu)份(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公司“火(huo)(huo)電廠(chang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)建設(she)及(ji)網絡化安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)平臺(tai)開發(fa)(fa)與(yu)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)”項目之中的(de)網絡化安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)平臺(tai)的(de)開發(fa)(fa)與(yu)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)部分，它是對(dui)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系的(de)配合，可提(ti)高平臺(tai)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)性，做到培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)可查、可監督(du)，并(bing)實現(xian)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)資(zi)源整合和共(gong)享(xiang)。根據股(gu)份(fen)(fen)(fen)公司《關(guan)于印發(fa)(fa)〈華能國(guo)際電力股(gu)份(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公司安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)“十(shi)二五(wu)”工(gong)作(zuo)計劃〉的(de)通知(zhi)》和集團公司關(guan)于安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)(chan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)的(de)相關(guan)要求(qiu)，以(yi)及(ji)“火(huo)(huo)電廠(chang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系建設(she)及(ji)網絡化安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)平臺(tai)開發(fa)(fa)與(yu)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)”科(ke)技項目的(de)進度(du)安(an)(an)排，汕頭電廠(chang)作(zuo)為公司安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)視頻、教(jiao)(jiao)材開發(fa)(fa)的(de)牽(qian)頭、試(shi)(shi)點單位(wei)，要用(yong)(yong)2-4年時間(jian)，拍攝并(bing)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)具(ju)有(you)(you)完全(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)權的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、技術培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)課件(jian)約300套，力爭實現(xian)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)培訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)課件(jian)的(de)全(quan)(quan)覆蓋，并(bing)在(zai)試(shi)(shi)點單位(wei)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)基(ji)礎上最終實現(xian)在(zai)華能國(guo)際電力股(gu)份(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公司所有(you)(you)電廠(chang)的(de)推廣(guang)。

內涵和做法

《平臺》登錄的方法(fa)

《華能(neng)(neng)汕頭(tou)(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)安(an)全教育(yu)培(pei)訓(xun)平臺》（以下(xia)(xia)簡稱《平臺》）是由華能(neng)(neng)汕頭(tou)(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)和(he)北京中電(dian)方大(da)科(ke)技有限(xian)公司聯合開發的(de)計算機軟件(jian)，在股份公司范圍內，能(neng)(neng)與華能(neng)(neng)汕頭(tou)(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)的(de)網站（局域網）相(xiang)連的(de)任何(he)一臺電(dian)腦，下(xia)(xia)載(zai)相(xiang)關(guan)控件(jian)后就(jiu)可利用自己的(de)OA帳號和(he)密(mi)碼(ma)登(deng)錄(lu)，可根據(ju)權限(xian)利用該平臺進行網上安(an)全教育(yu)、培(pei)訓(xun)、考核以及對外協(xie)單(dan)位人員變動(dong)情(qing)況、違章情(qing)況、工器具信息、資(zi)質信息進行跟蹤，非常實用方便。

《平臺》的功能

（1）《平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》具有安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)、考(kao)(kao)核、外(wai)包管(guan)理(li)(li)等功能(neng)，以(yi)華能(neng)國(guo)際電力(li)股(gu)(gu)份公司的(de)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)為指導思(si)想(xiang)，以(yi)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)理(li)(li)論為依(yi)據，從(cong)實現人員本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、設(she)備本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、環境(jing)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、管(guan)理(li)(li)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)的(de)角度來組織培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)內(nei)容(rong)，探索發電企業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育的(de)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)化內(nei)涵，開(kai)發出一套本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)化教(jiao)(jiao)育培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)軟(ruan)件(jian)及(ji)配(pei)套課(ke)件(jian)和內(nei)容(rong)，來配(pei)合股(gu)(gu)份公司本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)建設(she)，是對本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)深(shen)化拓展和應用。《平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》還收集(ji)(ji)了國(guo)家關于(yu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)相關的(de)法律法規(gui)，行業(ye)、集(ji)(ji)團、股(gu)(gu)份公司以(yi)及(ji)電廠本身的(de)規(gui)章(zhang)(zhang)制度、本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)規(gui)范等，一大批違(wei)章(zhang)(zhang)心理(li)(li)分(fen)析、職業(ye)病防(fang)護知識(shi)、反(fan)違(wei)章(zhang)(zhang)教(jiao)(jiao)育、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)標識(shi)等圖片、幻燈片，為安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)育、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)提供了大量素(su)材。《平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》創造(zao)性地(di)實現“干什么(me)(me)、學什么(me)(me)、考(kao)(kao)什么(me)(me)”的(de)基(ji)本理(li)(li)念，組織者可根據受培(pei)(pei)(pei)人員的(de)實際工作內(nei)容(rong)自(zi)主選取(qu)對應課(ke)件(jian)進(jin)行培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)和考(kao)(kao)試(shi)，使安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)技能(neng)的(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)真正服務于(yu)生產(chan)，避免出現安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)流于(yu)形式(shi)、走過場的(de)問題。

廠(chang)級(ji)教育(yu)側(ce)重于(yu)發電(dian)廠(chang)生(sheng)產流程、安全(quan)法(fa)制教育(yu)、道路交通安全(quan)教育(yu)、消防知識培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓、防臺(tai)防汛預案等的(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓。車(che)間級(ji)安全(quan)教育(yu)則側(ce)重于(yu)與本部(bu)門相關(guan)的(de)(de)常(chang)規(gui)性培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓，如運行(xing)(xing)部(bu)有6kV小車(che)開關(guan)的(de)(de)停送電(dian)操(cao)作、運行(xing)(xing)重大操(cao)作方法(fa)、化學(xue)工(gong)作注(zhu)意事項(xiang)、設備更新(xin)改造后廠(chang)家的(de)(de)講課(ke)等；檢修(xiu)部(bu)則側(ce)重于(yu)工(gong)器具的(de)(de)使用、高壓試(shi)驗注(zhu)意事項(xiang)等。培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓結(jie)束后，組織者可根據相關(guan)課(ke)件的(de)(de)內容出(chu)題，提高培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓效率。

（2）《平臺》具有安全管(guan)(guan)理的(de)功能，通過(guo)資(zi)質(zhi)關、開工關、過(guo)程控制關、評估關這(zhe)四個環節來實現(xian)外包隊伍的(de)動態(tai)管(guan)(guan)理，采用身份(fen)掃(sao)描(miao)登錄、定制培(pei)訓內(nei)容、考試或閱(yue)卷機、作業現(xian)場紅外掃(sao)描(miao)（工牌）等多種軟(ruan)、硬件結合的(de)創新模式，建立外協單(dan)位的(de)資(zi)料，做(zuo)到(dao)對外協隊伍人(ren)員的(de)變動情況、違章情況、工器具信息、資(zi)質(zhi)信息進(jin)行(xing)跟(gen)蹤和統計。

（3）《平臺(tai)》具有(you)在線(xian)考(kao)試(shi)、網(wang)上練習(xi)的(de)(de)功(gong)能，適用于網(wang)上在線(xian)考(kao)試(shi)、網(wang)上練習(xi)，參與(yu)者可利用自己的(de)(de)OA帳號(hao)和(he)密碼(ma)登錄，與(yu)傳統的(de)(de)紙考(kao)相比，網(wang)上考(kao)試(shi)更加方便(bian)、節(jie)約資(zi)源(yuan)，并且便(bian)于試(shi)卷的(de)(de)長期保存和(he)成(cheng)績的(de)(de)查閱。

從2011年(nian)起，汕頭電廠已(yi)連續3年(nian)在(zai)每年(nian)6月的(de)全國“安全生產月”活動中，利(li)用該平臺進行全廠范圍內(nei)在(zai)線(xian)安規考(kao)試(shi)、“三種人”考(kao)試(shi)，最高時間段(duan)，全廠同時在(zai)線(xian)人員(yuan)達到200多人，該平臺經受了(le)考(kao)驗，得到了(le)全廠員(yuan)工的(de)一致好評。《平臺》填(tian)補(bu)了(le)目前股份(fen)公司安全教育(yu)網上培(pei)訓、視頻培(pei)訓、在(zai)線(xian)考(kao)試(shi)、外協(xie)單位信息跟蹤(zong)的(de)空白。

《平臺》的內容

《平臺》目前共收集(ji)視頻157段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，其中入廠須知1段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、火力(li)發電廠安全生(sheng)產(chan)特點(dian)1段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、生(sheng)產(chan)現場(chang)安全注(zhu)意事(shi)項8段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、消防知識(shi)培(pei)訓6段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、特殊危險作業(ye)23段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、工(gong)器具使用44段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、工(gong)作票的辦(ban)理與使用2段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、防觸(chu)電傷害9段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、現場(chang)緊急救(jiu)護5段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、緊急救(jiu)護方法(fa)18段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、道路交(jiao)通安全知識(shi)27段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、車間級安全教育12段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、動漫事(shi)故案例1段(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，總(zong)播(bo)放時(shi)(shi)間為11小時(shi)(shi)02分鐘(zhong)42秒，基本(ben)滿足了汕(shan)頭電廠安全教育培(pei)訓的需要(yao)，同時(shi)(shi)培(pei)訓課件仍(reng)在繼續開發中。

《平臺》的(de)考核(he)系統題(ti)庫(ku)(ku)包括《電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)（電(dian)(dian)氣部分(fen)）》《電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)（熱力(li)(li)(li)機械(xie)部分(fen)）》《電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)設(she)備典型消防(fang)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)》《電(dian)(dian)業安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)（熱力(li)(li)(li)機械(xie)部分(fen)）》《反違(wei)章題(ti)庫(ku)(ku)》《國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網公司電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)（變電(dian)(dian)部分(fen)）》《電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)生(sheng)產事故調查規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)》《中華人民共和國安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產法(fa)》等多方面的(de)內容(rong)，含有(you)選擇題(ti)、填空題(ti)、判斷(duan)題(ti)、簡答(da)(da)題(ti)、問答(da)(da)題(ti)等題(ti)型，滿足了(le)汕頭電(dian)(dian)廠現(xian)有(you)安(an)(an)(an)規(gui)及“三種(zhong)人”考試(shi)的(de)需要(yao)。

《平臺》課(ke)件來(lai)源及開發

《安(an)全(quan)教育培訓(xun)平臺(tai)》的(de)培訓(xun)課(ke)件由華能(neng)汕(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)和北(bei)京(jing)中電(dian)方(fang)大(da)科技(ji)有(you)限公(gong)司歷(li)時(shi)1年多，雙方(fang)聯合攻關，深(shen)入汕(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)#1機大(da)修現(xian)場、煤(mei)場、廊道等生產現(xian)場的(de)各(ge)個角落，捕抓到大(da)量有(you)價值的(de)一手資料，經過北(bei)京(jing)中電(dian)方(fang)大(da)科技(ji)有(you)限公(gong)司的(de)后期制作、配音而形(xing)成(cheng)。股份公(gong)司安(an)監部對(dui)汕(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)平臺(tai)的(de)建設(she)高度(du)重視(shi)，多次(ci)在汕(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)召(zhao)開視(shi)頻評審會，召(zhao)集專家對(dui)視(shi)頻課(ke)件進(jin)(jin)行評審，提出修改意(yi)見，根據專家組(zu)提出的(de)意(yi)見對(dui)平臺(tai)進(jin)(jin)行優化(hua)、完(wan)善，為進(jin)(jin)一步推廣做準備。

汕頭(tou)電廠作為(wei)公(gong)司安全教育培訓視頻(pin)、教材開(kai)(kai)發(fa)的(de)牽(qian)頭(tou)、試點單位，2013年(nian)視頻(pin)制作開(kai)(kai)發(fa)完成(cheng)率力爭(zheng)達到50%。2013年(nian)從以(yi)下幾個方面推(tui)動培訓課件開(kai)(kai)發(fa)和(he)平(ping)臺(tai)建設(she)：

（1）依據培訓(xun)的(de)(de)課(ke)程大綱(gang)，開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)相應的(de)(de)多(duo)媒體培訓(xun)課(ke)件(jian)。2013年(nian)擬(ni)完(wan)成法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)、條例、規(gui)(gui)范(fan)課(ke)件(jian)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)包(bao)括(kuo)《職業(ye)病防(fang)治(zhi)法(fa)(fa)》《環境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護法(fa)(fa)》《道路(lu)交通安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)》《危險化學(xue)品安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)條例》《特種設備(bei)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監察條例》《發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電企業(ye)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產標(biao)準(zhun)化達標(biao)評級及(ji)評審(shen)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)》等(deng)內容；擬(ni)完(wan)成本質安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體系課(ke)件(jian)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)包(bao)括(kuo)《員(yuan)工行為安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)審(shen)核》等(deng)內容；擬(ni)完(wan)成規(gui)(gui)章制度(du)課(ke)件(jian)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)包(bao)括(kuo)《員(yuan)工手冊》《一般安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)則》等(deng)內容；擬(ni)完(wan)成安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)技能課(ke)件(jian)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)包(bao)括(kuo)《消(xiao)防(fang)器材(cai)的(de)(de)使用》《動(dong)火作業(ye)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)》《叉(cha)車使用安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)》《辦公室安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)》《廢氣排(pai)放管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)》《廢水、廢油排(pai)放管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)》《放射性(xing)保(bao)(bao)護技能》《承包(bao)商安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)》等(deng)內容；擬(ni)完(wan)成職業(ye)健康課(ke)件(jian)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)包(bao)括(kuo)《呼吸保(bao)(bao)護知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)》《聽力保(bao)(bao)護知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)》等(deng)內容。

（2）培訓(xun)(xun)課(ke)程考試題庫建(jian)設，依(yi)據培訓(xun)(xun)課(ke)程大(da)綱，編(bian)寫全員安(an)全培訓(xun)(xun)考試題庫，該題庫將作為“全員安(an)全教育培訓(xun)(xun)支持(chi)平臺”的主要(yao)數(shu)據。

（3）安全(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)培(pei)訓(xun)支持平臺(tai)，在原有支持平臺(tai)的基礎(chu)上對培(pei)訓(xun)、評估、考核和管理四大功能進行(xing)完善。

（4）網絡化安(an)全教(jiao)育培訓(xun)平臺建設也(ye)是一(yi)項(xiang)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)項(xiang)目(mu)，是一(yi)項(xiang)創新工作，參研(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)單位有(you)明確(que)分工和進度安(an)排，密切配(pei)合、及時(shi)(shi)溝通，對(dui)項(xiang)目(mu)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)過程中存(cun)在的問題，及時(shi)(shi)協調解決。股份公司將組織專家編(bian)寫、審核腳本，再交(jiao)由課件(jian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)廠實施，課件(jian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)廠應(ying)負責演員的挑選、場景布置(zhi)、道具選擇等(deng)工作，初步確(que)定北京(jing)中電(dian)方(fang)大公司為項(xiang)目(mu)合作單位，由該(gai)公司具體負責現場的拍攝、配(pei)音、后期制作、動漫設計等(deng)工作。

《平臺》的推廣

經(jing)(jing)過(guo)兩年(nian)多的(de)(de)實踐，并經(jing)(jing)《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》的(de)(de)不斷完善，《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》已(yi)逐(zhu)漸被全(quan)(quan)廠職工和承包商(shang)員(yuan)(yuan)工所接(jie)受和歡迎，由于《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》的(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)性(xing)強，廠、部門、班(ban)組(zu)(zu)三級安全(quan)(quan)教育(yu)都樂于利用(yong)(yong)《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》進(jin)行，《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》的(de)(de)點擊率節(jie)節(jie)攀升，要求進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完善課件的(de)(de)呼聲日(ri)漸高漲(zhang)。目前，汕(shan)頭電廠正發(fa)起新一(yi)(yi)輪(lun)的(de)(de)課件創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作活動(dong)，各部門、班(ban)組(zu)(zu)可(ke)以(yi)從身(shen)邊最(zui)(zui)熟悉、最(zui)(zui)實用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)日(ri)常(chang)工作著手，如(ru)檢(jian)修班(ban)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)電機、開(kai)關(guan)的(de)(de)檢(jian)修、拆檢(jian)，運行班(ban)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)日(ri)常(chang)巡視、操作，管理部門的(de)(de)法律法規(gui)、規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)解釋等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)激發(fa)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作的(de)(de)靈(ling)感，編寫腳(jiao)本，由安監部統一(yi)(yi)組(zu)(zu)織腳(jiao)本的(de)(de)審核，再由腳(jiao)本創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作人員(yuan)(yuan)組(zu)(zu)織場(chang)景設計和布置、演(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)選擇、現場(chang)導(dao)演(yan)，而拍攝(she)、剪接(jie)、動(dong)漫(man)穿(chuan)插、配音等(deng)則由外委專業公司承擔。通過(guo)一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列課件的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作，使安全(quan)(quan)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)課件逐(zhu)步(bu)向技術培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)課件過(guo)渡，從而豐富(fu)《平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)》的(de)(de)內涵(han)和實用(yong)(yong)性(xing)，通過(guo)發(fa)動(dong)一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列課件制(zhi)作，實際也增強了員(yuan)(yuan)工參(can)與的(de)(de)熱情，從過(guo)去的(de)(de)被動(dong)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)變成主(zhu)動(dong)參(can)與，激發(fa)員(yuan)(yuan)工的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)和主(zhu)觀能動(dong)性(xing)，以(yi)及提(ti)高遵(zun)守規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)自覺性(xing)，從而提(ti)高了培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)質量，使管理創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新取得實效。

把部門(men)、班組(zu)平時的(de)(de)(de)(de)點(dian)滴知識進行積累、歸納總結(jie)，并通過課件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形式保(bao)存下來，有利于員工自覺規范自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)行為，因為課件(jian)將來是(shi)(shi)培訓(xun)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)給人(ren)看的(de)(de)(de)(de)，所(suo)以拍攝過程(cheng)中員工就會自覺想想自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作、場景是(shi)(shi)否符(fu)合安規的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，如拍一個高處作業(ye)安全注(zhu)意(yi)事項(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)課件(jian)，作為道(dao)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)腳手(shou)架是(shi)(shi)否符(fu)合要求(qiu)？腳手(shou)架的(de)(de)(de)(de)驗(yan)收、日常檢(jian)查是(shi)(shi)否符(fu)合本質安全體系文(wen)(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)？這些都是(shi)(shi)課件(jian)制作參與(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)必須面對的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，就反(fan)過來迫(po)使參與(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)認真學(xue)習相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)知識、學(xue)習體系文(wen)(wen)件(jian)、學(xue)習安規，從(cong)課件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發中也反(fan)過來促(cu)進開發者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)培訓(xun)，一連串(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互動(dong)、學(xue)習、提高、再學(xue)習、再提高，就會使參與(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)受益，取得(de)實實在在的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)。

平臺特點

核心技術創新點

《華能汕頭電廠(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)教育培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)平(ping)臺(tai)》只要與(yu)華能汕頭電廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)網站相(xiang)連（局域網），下載相(xiang)關(guan)控件后就可以利用該平(ping)臺(tai)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)網上安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)教育、培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)、考核(he)、人(ren)員(yuan)變動情況的(de)(de)(de)跟蹤(zong)，通(tong)過資質關(guan)、開工(gong)關(guan)、過程控制(zhi)關(guan)、評估關(guan)這四個環節來實現對(dui)外(wai)包(bao)隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)(de)動態管理，采用身份掃描登(deng)錄、定制(zhi)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)內容、考試或閱(yue)卷機、作業現場紅外(wai)掃描（工(gong)牌）等(deng)多(duo)種軟、硬(ying)件結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新模式(shi)，做到對(dui)外(wai)協(xie)隊(dui)伍人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)結果及違章信息進(jin)行(xing)(xing)及時跟蹤(zong)和(he)(he)統(tong)計。本平(ping)臺(tai)以創(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)方式(shi)，扎實地進(jin)行(xing)(xing)全(quan)員(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)知識和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)技能培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，切實增強全(quan)員(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)意識、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)素(su)質和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)技能，通(tong)過播放視頻和(he)(he)文字、圖片等(deng)形式(shi)針對(dui)各類人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)系統(tong)化培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，達(da)到借助高科技手段提升全(quan)員(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)意識和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)，具有十(shi)分廣泛的(de)(de)(de)應用前景。

其他(ta)重要技術創新(xin)點

本平(ping)臺(tai)課(ke)件清晰度高，占用系統資(zi)源小，同時課(ke)件內(nei)容(rong)、人員行為(wei)、著(zhu)裝符合安(an)(an)(an)(an)規(gui)(gui)、規(gui)(gui)范的要(yao)求。課(ke)件開(kai)發以(yi)人員本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)重(zhong)點，兼顧設(she)備本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、環境本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)來設(she)計；以(yi)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)規(gui)(gui)范為(wei)應(ying)用框架，緊密(mi)圍繞工(gong)作票(piao)、操作票(piao)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)器具(ju)及(ji)電動工(gong)具(ju)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技術(shu)勞(lao)動保(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)與反事故技術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、危險作業安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、特種設(she)備和特種作業人員安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防護(hu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)及(ji)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標(biao)志(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、外包工(gong)程安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、外來人員安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、交(jiao)通安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的控制標(biao)準，來開(kai)發培(pei)訓內(nei)容(rong)，能做到安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)培(pei)訓內(nei)容(rong)的全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋。《安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)培(pei)訓平(ping)臺(tai)》先進性(xing)強，可(ke)利用電廠現有網(wang)絡(luo)實現安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)的網(wang)上(shang)培(pei)訓、視(shi)頻培(pei)訓、在線考(kao)核、對外包隊伍的動態(tai)管(guan)(guan)理(li)等功能，有極其重(zhong)要(yao)的推廣價值。

《平臺》的先進性

國內(nei)外相關電力安(an)全(quan)知識及技能培訓(xun)現仍處于發展階段，還沒有(you)系(xi)統化、體系(xi)化，大多是(shi)以(yi)單一(yi)課(ke)件(jian)形式(shi)來講述安(an)全(quan)的某一(yi)專項內(nei)容，在系(xi)統、整體的電力安(an)全(quan)培訓(xun)方面仍有(you)欠缺。本《平臺》可以(yi)很(hen)好地彌(mi)補(bu)這一(yi)不足，更好地提高培訓(xun)效果。

《平(ping)臺》通過播放視(shi)頻(pin)和(he)文字、圖片等形式針對各類人員進行系(xi)統化培訓(xun)(xun)，達到借助高科技(ji)手段提升(sheng)全員安全意識和(he)安全水平(ping)的(de)目的(de)。該(gai)平(ping)臺技(ji)術(shu)先進，創(chuang)意新(xin)穎，開創(chuang)了(le)安全教(jiao)(jiao)育培訓(xun)(xun)的(de)先河(he)，有極其重要的(de)推廣(guang)價值，填補了(le)目前股份公司(si)安全教(jiao)(jiao)育網上培訓(xun)(xun)、視(shi)頻(pin)培訓(xun)(xun)、在線(xian)考核的(de)空白。

實施效果

《安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育培(pei)訓(xun)平臺》的(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)使用(yong)，使汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠員(yuan)工(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育培(pei)訓(xun)和(he)考(kao)核(he)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面計算機(ji)化(hua)(hua)，使安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)培(pei)訓(xun)更加形(xing)象、生動和(he)有(you)針對性(xing)，是(shi)汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠落實華(hua)能股份(fen)公司“四大工(gong)程”的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)措施(shi)，是(shi)汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠在(zai)人員(yuan)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設上的(de)(de)(de)大膽探(tan)索(suo)和(he)創舉，也(ye)是(shi)汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠在(zai)創建(jian)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)型(xing)企(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)道(dao)路上邁(mai)出的(de)(de)(de)堅實一步。自從在(zai)汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠投入(ru)使用(yong)以來，其得(de)(de)到了各方的(de)(de)(de)好(hao)評，特別在(zai)外協單(dan)位員(yuan)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育上，通過運(yun)用(yong)本(ben)(ben)平臺，能有(you)效提高電(dian)廠各類作業人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平，提高了培(pei)訓(xun)效率，消(xiao)除安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理(li)短(duan)板(ban)，收到了良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)，在(zai)歷次的(de)(de)(de)重大技改工(gong)程中得(de)(de)到很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)現(xian)，現(xian)場(chang)作業的(de)(de)(de)習慣性(xing)違(wei)章(zhang)行為明顯減少，實現(xian)人員(yuan)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、設備本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、環境本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。也(ye)使華(hua)能汕(shan)(shan)頭(tou)電(dian)廠成為全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)能集團第一家(jia)通過本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理(li)體(ti)系確認的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)廠，并獲(huo)得(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)企(qi)業安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)達標(biao)一級企(qi)業光榮稱(cheng)號。

《安(an)全(quan)教育(yu)培(pei)訓平(ping)臺(tai)》在公(gong)司(si)內有(you)極其重要的(de)(de)推廣價(jia)值，該(gai)平(ping)臺(tai)還有(you)很多可以繼續發展(zhan)的(de)(de)空間，各電廠可根據各自的(de)(de)特色進(jin)行(xing)完善(shan)。《安(an)全(quan)教育(yu)培(pei)訓平(ping)臺(tai)》對推動股份公(gong)司(si)、集團(tuan)公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)管理(li)創新、科(ke)技進(jin)步具(ju)有(you)重要意義。

篇2

1.1水電站安全(quan)管(guan)理混亂

未(wei)(wei)建立安(an)全機構(gou)，工作(zuo)未(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)標準(zhun)、規范執(zhi)行。未(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行二票(piao)、三制(zhi)，各級人員未(wei)(wei)履行各自的安(an)全職責，生產現場(chang)管理混亂(luan)，人員思想安(an)全意識薄弱。特別針對外來用工，未(wei)(wei)有效開展(zhan)教育(yu)培訓工作(zuo)，從而為事(shi)故埋下(xia)隱患。

1.2職工安全教育不到位

培訓工(gong)作未有效(xiao)開(kai)展，安(an)全(quan)教育沒有縱向(xiang)到邊(bian)，橫向(xiang)到位。工(gong)作人員安(an)全(quan)意(yi)識淡薄(bo)，過(guo)去(qu)長期養成習慣性違(wei)章行(xing)為(wei)未得到根本性糾(jiu)正。

1.3防范(fan)措(cuo)施(shi)未到位

未(wei)(wei)貫(guan)徹落(luo)實防止誤操作(zuo)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，如(ru)解鎖(suo)鑰匙未(wei)(wei)按(an)要求啟用和解鎖(suo)。在執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)危(wei)險點分析與控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)方面存在流(liu)(liu)于形式(shi)、應(ying)付(fu)檢查(cha)的(de)現(xian)象，并沒有(you)真正落(luo)在實處(chu)(chu)。如(ru)重大(da)檢修工作(zuo)開工前(qian)，未(wei)(wei)提前(qian)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)業指導(dao)書，完工后，未(wei)(wei)實行(xing)三級(ji)驗收(shou)，從而未(wei)(wei)杜絕安全事(shi)故(gu)的(de)發生(sheng)。1.4規章制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)力(li)不夠規章制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)流(liu)(liu)于形式(shi)，執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)不到(dao)位。由于運行(xing)人(ren)員沒有(you)嚴格貫(guan)徹現(xian)場規章制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，沒有(you)認真執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)兩票(piao)三制(zhi)(zhi)，沒有(you)進(jin)行(xing)定(ding)期加油、切(qie)換試驗，對設備監視不力(li)，操作(zuo)調整不當，記錄不實等，能(neng)采取應(ying)急措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)和可以(yi)自(zi)行(xing)處(chu)(chu)理的(de)異常情況而未(wei)(wei)采取措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，造成(cheng)事(shi)故(gu)擴大(da)。

2保障水(shui)電站安全(quan)運(yun)行的(de)措施(shi)

2.1正確認識(shi)電廠運行工作的特(te)殊性

電廠(chang)運(yun)行人員的(de)(de)安全壓力大(da)，平時(shi)繁瑣的(de)(de)工作，可能造(zao)成麻弊心理(li)，在面對操作差錯可能造(zao)成的(de)(de)事故，真可謂“如履薄(bo)冰，如臨(lin)深淵”。電廠(chang)運(yun)行工作包括(kuo)操作、運(yun)行參數的(de)(de)調整及管理(li)等方面，所(suo)以管理(li)制(zhi)度中針對運(yun)行的(de)(de)管理(li)也是最多(duo)的(de)(de)。

2.2培養(yang)安全(quan)意識

關(guan)鍵(jian)是提(ti)高運行(xing)(xing)值班(ban)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識，增強自我(wo)防(fang)護能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，窂固樹立安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)，預(yu)防(fang)為主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方針(zhen)，嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)兩票三制(zhi)，自覺遵守(shou)規程、制(zhi)度，不違(wei)章作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)，杜絕習慣性(xing)(xing)違(wei)章。通過自身努力與(yu)參加(jia)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教育(yu)培訓，逐步(bu)形成(cheng)我(wo)要安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、我(wo)懂(dong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、我(wo)會安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自覺行(xing)(xing)動，做到四不傷害。為此，必須解(jie)決以下(xia)幾(ji)個問(wen)題。（1）運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)員應該認識到開展“危險(xian)(xian)點分析(xi)與(yu)控制(zhi)”是使(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點更突出、更有效(xiao)。可使(shi)運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)員在(zai)工作(zuo)(zuo)前做到心(xin)中有數(shu)，從而減(jian)輕精神(shen)(shen)壓力和工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盲(mang)目性(xing)(xing)，增加(jia)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)性(xing)(xing)。（2）開展反(fan)事(shi)故(gu)(gu)演練，針(zhen)對培訓計劃開展、實施(shi)(shi)，使(shi)運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)員學習、掌握(wo)電(dian)廠(chang)設備事(shi)故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)防(fang)和處(chu)理，防(fang)止事(shi)故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴大(da)化，從而保證電(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。（3）針(zhen)對運行(xing)(xing)工作(zuo)(zuo)中存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，合理調整休息時間，減(jian)輕運行(xing)(xing)工作(zuo)(zuo)中從復性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)，從而從心(xin)理和身理上(shang)為運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)員減(jian)負，使(shi)其(qi)具備良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精神(shen)(shen)狀態。（4）每次大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)(zuo)，提(ti)前進行(xing)(xing)操作(zuo)(zuo)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)演，合理安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)排操作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員；檢修工作(zuo)(zuo)確定具備相應工作(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)負責人(ren)，考慮好(hao)工作(zuo)(zuo)中存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危險(xian)(xian)點，制(zhi)定安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)措施(shi)(shi)，做到多層(ceng)次分級控制(zhi)，才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)抓(zhua)住(zhu)不同層(ceng)面、不同時間期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工作(zuo)(zuo)重(zhong)點，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工作(zuo)(zuo)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)真(zhen)正(zheng)抓(zhua)到點子上(shang)。

2.3必須突(tu)出(chu)全員、全過程、全方位的特點(dian)

根據電(dian)站運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)(dian)(dian)，可從以(yi)下幾方面進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)“危險點(dian)(dian)(dian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)與控制”，依據防(fang)止(zhi)電(dian)力生產(chan)(chan)重(zhong)(zhong)大事故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)二十五項重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)要求，結(jie)合單(dan)位(wei)現場(chang)實(shi)際，從運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)角度出(chu)發，有(you)計劃，有(you)目標(biao)，有(you)針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)性的(de)(de)(de)制訂防(fang)止(zhi)電(dian)氣設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)重(zhong)(zhong)大事故(gu)(gu)、人(ren)身(shen)傷亡事故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)技術(shu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)。（1）按(an)時(shi)間段(duan)來分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。如電(dian)廠一年中年檢(jian)、預試時(shi)誤操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)性就比平時(shi)大；高溫(wen)、高負荷(he)階段(duan)就容(rong)易(yi)發生設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)事故(gu)(gu)；針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)問題，操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)就提前擬定(ding)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)票(piao)，用典型操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)票(piao)，防(fang)止(zhi)誤操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)；高溫(wen)、高負荷(he)階段(duan)應(ying)(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)大電(dian)流回路的(de)(de)(de)測溫(wen)，加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)監視(shi)。（2）按(an)電(dian)廠的(de)(de)(de)具體設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)健康狀況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。因為(wei)電(dian)廠的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)所選的(de)(de)(de)型號不同(tong)，工作(zuo)年限不同(tong)，所以(yi)針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，加(jia)強(qiang)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)巡視(shi)檢(jian)查，重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)檢(jian)查，并(bing)對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)管(guan)理(li)，對(dui)(dui)存(cun)在薄弱(ruo)環(huan)(huan)節的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，加(jia)強(qiang)巡視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)力度，并(bing)采取必要的(de)(de)(de)預控措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)，防(fang)止(zhi)隱患擴大變成事故(gu)(gu)。（3）按(an)工作(zuo)內(nei)容(rong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。電(dian)站經常性工作(zuo)有(you)交接班、倒閘(zha)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)驗收(shou)、巡視(shi)檢(jian)查、設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)維護等。應(ying)(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)培訓，掌(zhang)握工作(zuo)中應(ying)(ying)具備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)技能(neng)、知識。（4）按(an)人(ren)員(yuan)對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)熟悉程度分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。要求電(dian)廠要加(jia)強(qiang)培訓的(de)(de)(de)力度，在相關的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)標(biao)示典型操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)步(bu)驟(zou)，防(fang)止(zhi)誤操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)發生；設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)銘牌、參數、操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)規(gui)程，保護的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)值(zhi)管(guan)理(li)，應(ying)(ying)規(gui)范管(guan)理(li)，并(bing)制定(ding)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)清單(dan)，方便查找。（5）對(dui)(dui)人(ren)員(yuan)身(shen)體狀況、思想情(qing)緒、安(an)全(quan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)、技術(shu)水平、動手能(neng)力分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。作(zuo)為(wei)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)應(ying)(ying)了(le)解員(yuan)工的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，避免人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)不安(an)全(quan)因素。（6）對(dui)(dui)安(an)全(quan)、生產(chan)(chan)工器(qi)具及使用環(huan)(huan)境進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)。安(an)全(quan)工器(qi)具應(ying)(ying)定(ding)期檢(jian)驗，使用環(huan)(huan)境是否合適，使用方法是否得當。（7）對(dui)(dui)本單(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)廠、值(zhi)、班進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)比較，找出(chu)安(an)全(quan)狀況最薄弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)位(wei)及薄弱(ruo)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)薄弱(ruo)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，采取應(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)，加(jia)強(qiang)培訓，使單(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)生產(chan)(chan)處于可控的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)節。

篇3

1、實行作業(ye)安(an)全準入培訓升(sheng)級制度

針對新(xin)老員(yuan)工(gong)在各崗(gang)(gang)位(wei)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)原理、基(ji)本技能(neng)、隱患、事故處理能(neng)力不平衡的現狀，經反復探索，實踐總結，創新(xin)了員(yuan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)準(zhun)入培訓升級制(zhi)度(du)。根據崗(gang)(gang)位(wei)工(gong)種設(she)置，制(zhi)定了430個“作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)準(zhun)入資(zi)質卡(ka)”，每張卡(ka)上規定了該崗(gang)(gang)位(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)操作(zuo)(zuo)程序、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)責任(ren)、協調配合內容、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)權限、工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)場所等內容。新(xin)工(gong)進(jin)廠（包括臨時(shi)工(gong)和(he)外(wai)包施工(gong)隊伍），必須先經過(guo)廠、分(fen)場、班(ban)組三級安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技能(neng)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術培訓、基(ji)本安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)學習和(he)考(kao)試合格，才能(neng)拿到初(chu)級作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)準(zhun)入卡(ka)，進(jin)入實際崗(gang)(gang)位(wei)實習。

作業(ye)(ye)安全準(zhun)入(ru)卡分為高(gao)、中、低三級，一般(ban)操(cao)(cao)作者持(chi)初級準(zhun)入(ru)卡即可，重要工作崗位持(chi)高(gao)級“準(zhun)入(ru)卡”的員工才能進(jin)行處(chu)理和操(cao)(cao)作。通過(guo)實行“作業(ye)(ye)安全準(zhun)入(ru)”制度，有效避(bi)免(mian)了由于(yu)個(ge)人(ren)技能達不到要求(qiu)，“初生(sheng)(sheng)牛犢被虎吃”的安全事(shi)故的發生(sheng)(sheng)。

2、持之以恒地抓(zhua)基本安全技能培訓

**發(fa)電總廠的(de)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大多(duo)(duo)來自學校，多(duo)(duo)數(shu)僅局限于書本理論，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)現場(chang)缺(que)少(shao)了解，缺(que)乏具(ju)體操作(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)防護經驗和(he)操作(zuo)程序知識(shi)。因(yin)此在新(xin)(xin)崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)培訓中(zhong)，一(yi)是根據各工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)、各崗(gang)位的(de)不同(tong)特(te)點與需要，加強各種(zhong)生產工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技術、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)衛(wei)生知識(shi)、事故多(duo)(duo)發(fa)地點、多(duo)(duo)發(fa)部位、有(you)毒有(you)害物質的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)使用(yong)與防護、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)器具(ju)的(de)具(ju)體使用(yong)與操作(zuo)等基本培訓，使新(xin)(xin)崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)受(shou)到全(quan)(quan)(quan)員、全(quan)(quan)(quan)方位、全(quan)(quan)(quan)過程的(de)專業安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)技術培訓。二是注重(zhong)“以老帶新(xin)(xin)”，并落實(shi)到個人，規定老師傅(fu)對(dui)新(xin)(xin)崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進行言(yan)傳身(shen)教，隨時隨地糾正新(xin)(xin)崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)不良思想傾向和(he)不安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)、不規范行為，使新(xin)(xin)崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上崗(gang)伊(yi)始就培育出(chu)(chu)良好的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產素養(yang)。

3、開展典(dian)型案例教育，借(jie)鑒經驗教訓

由安(an)監(jian)科(ke)搜(sou)集和整(zheng)理了全國(guo)發電企業的(de)(de)典型安(an)全事故(gu)案例(li)250個。編輯成(cheng)《發電廠崗位事故(gu)匯編》，下發每個職工(gong)，認真組(zu)織(zhi)員工(gong)學習討論。觀看(kan)(kan)電力安(an)全事故(gu)錄(lu)像資料，使用網絡多媒體等現代化的(de)(de)教育手段(duan)，使職工(gong)看(kan)(kan)到(dao)事故(gu)給人(ren)民生(sheng)(sheng)命和國(guo)家(jia)財(cai)產(chan)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)損失，給家(jia)庭和親人(ren)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)不(bu)幸與痛苦。通過(guo)這些(xie)用生(sheng)(sheng)命和鮮血換來的(de)(de)沉痛教訓(xun)，有效喚(huan)起(qi)職工(gong)安(an)全意識的(de)(de)警(jing)醒，提高他們(men)對安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方針(zhen)、政策、法規(gui)的(de)(de)認識，增強在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)遵(zun)章、守(shou)紀的(de)(de)自(zi)覺性和自(zi)我(wo)保護意識。

4、將臨時(shi)工(gong)、實習人員、外來施工(gong)隊(dui)伍(wu)納入企業安全預(yu)警(jing)管理

一(yi)段時(shi)間以來(lai)(lai)，由(you)于臨時(shi)工、實習人員(yuan)、外來(lai)(lai)施工隊伍(wu)素(su)質差(cha)，安(an)(an)全(quan)意識(shi)淡薄，管(guan)理(li)環節多(duo)、職責不(bu)清、以包(bao)代管(guan)和以罰代管(guan)現象嚴重，成為發電(dian)廠安(an)(an)全(quan)事(shi)故多(duo)發的(de)一(yi)大源頭(tou)，對此，**發電(dian)總廠通過實踐和經驗積累，按(an)現代企(qi)業(ye)制度(du)要(yao)求，初(chu)步構(gou)建了(le)一(yi)個依法管(guan)理(li)、權職明確、層次分明的(de)管(guan)理(li)框架。

首先，將200多名季節性臨時工、300多名常年(nian)性實習人員(yuan)、5支常年(nian)性外來施工隊伍的(de)安全培訓、安全教育等(deng)日常管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)納入到本廠正式工管(guan)(guan)理(li)范疇。

第二，以國(guo)家法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)(gui)、行(xing)業行(xing)規(gui)(gui)為依據(ju)，通過合(he)同這一載體，實(shi)(shi)現對臨時工(gong)、實(shi)(shi)習人員、外(wai)包施工(gong)隊的法(fa)制化(hua)管理。

篇4

關鍵(jian)詞：安(an)全生產(chan) 管(guan)理 電廠(chang) 重要

1 發電廠安全生產管理簡述

1.1 安全生產的(de)意義

安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)在發(fa)電廠安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)中重(zhong)要的(de)地(di)位和作(zuo)用(yong)。企業要實現(xian)(xian)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)基(ji)本(ben)目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)通過(guo)管(guan)(guan)理(li)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)設備(bei)(bei)，使生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程安全(quan)順利高效地(di)進行(xing)，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提高勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率和發(fa)展生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。這(zhe)個(ge)目(mu)標(biao)只有(you)通過(guo)搞好(hao)安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)才能實現(xian)(xian)。 勞動(dong)者(zhe)工作(zuo)環境好(hao)，勞動(dong)者(zhe)在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中感到自(zi)(zi)身(shen)安全(quan)健(jian)康有(you)保障，自(zi)(zi)然(ran)就會(hui)發(fa)揮出主人翁(weng)的(de)精神，提高生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效率，使企業取得(de)好(hao)的(de)經濟效益。 所(suo)以(yi)說，作(zuo)為每一個(ge)企業的(de)領導者(zhe)，必須(xu)重(zhong)視(shi)安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，把保護勞動(dong)者(zhe)的(de)安全(quan)與健(jian)康，保障生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)完好(hao)，保證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)順利高效進行(xing)，當作(zuo)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)神圣職責和義(yi)務，切實抓好(hao)，決不(bu)(bu)能掉以(yi)輕心。

由(you)此可見，電廠(chang)安全生產管理，不僅具(ju)有十(shi)分(fen)重要的(de)政治(zhi)意義，而且(qie)也具(ju)有十(shi)分(fen)重要的(de)經濟(ji)意義。

1.2安全生產的重(zhong)要性(xing)

電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)工(gong)藝特點使電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)必須將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)突發(fa)性事(shi)故(gu)作為工(gong)作中(zhong)的(de)重(zhong)點加以(yi)預防，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)或用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備系(xi)統(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)事(shi)故(gu)造成中(zhong)斷供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，不僅影(ying)響(xiang)用(yong)戶的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和人民(min)的(de)正常生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活，還可能造成發(fa)、供、用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備的(de)嚴重(zhong)損害和人身傷害，若發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)系(xi)統(tong)瓦(wa)解，大面積停電(dian)(dian)(dian)，將(jiang)會給(gei)國民(min)經濟(ji)和社會帶來災難(nan)性后果。安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)必然(ran)影(ying)響(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)任(ren)務的(de)完成，事(shi)故(gu)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)必然(ran)造成直接(jie)經濟(ji)損失，加大成本開支(zhi)，隨著“競價(jia)上網(wang)”格局的(de)形(xing)成，通過生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)連(lian)續(xu)穩定運行，達到降低成本，提(ti)高經濟(ji)效益和市場競爭力(li)的(de)最終目標。

2 如何做好發(fa)電(dian)廠安全生產管理

2.1 從安全教育做(zuo)起(qi)

樹立安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)是(shi)(shi)保(bao)證發電廠安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎和關(guan)鍵。首先(xian)(xian)，要培(pei)(pei)養(yang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)前意(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)。思(si)想是(shi)(shi)行(xing)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指南，堅持不(bu)懈(xie)地對(dui)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進行(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育，灌(guan)輸(shu)“安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)為天”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)念，是(shi)(shi)每(mei)一個(ge)企業(ye)確保(bao)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必要手段，只有這(zhe)樣(yang)，職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)才有可能克(ke)服(fu)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惰性和僥幸(xing)心(xin)理(li)，繃緊安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產弦。在(zai)(zai)(zai)每(mei)一個(ge)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)種和崗(gang)位中(zhong)，根(gen)據(ju)以(yi)(yi)往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)經驗，充分(fen)預見安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)可能出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏洞，職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)思(si)想上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“滯后”和松(song)懈(xie)，提前全(quan)(quan)(quan)方(fang)位地進行(xing)特殊時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)教(jiao)育，給職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)好思(si)想上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“預防針”，職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)能在(zai)(zai)(zai)輿論和制度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)重約束(shu)下(xia)，使安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)始終跟(gen)上(shang)節拍(pai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)自覺(jue)履行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)職(zhi)責(ze)。其(qi)次(ci)(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)查找(zhao)和整改上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)前意(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)，一些職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)管(guan)理(li)者發現一些似乎無(wu)關(guan)緊要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)正常情況時，以(yi)(yi)僥幸(xing)和“等等看”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)度(du)任其(qi)發展。前者“亡羊補牢”應當如此，但后者是(shi)(shi)一種瀆職(zhi)甚至犯罪，這(zhe)樣(yang)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惡(e)果將不(bu)堪設想。因此對(dui)一些隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)細(xi)微隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)，我(wo)們應該以(yi)(yi)最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)事態(tai)惡(e)化前提前做好整改。這(zhe)樣(yang)，既可以(yi)(yi)將所(suo)有事故隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)真正消(xiao)滅在(zai)(zai)(zai)萌芽狀態(tai)。再(zai)次(ci)(ci)，走出去(qu)引(yin)進來，通過參觀學型(xing)發電企業(ye)到(dao)先(xian)(xian)進企業(ye)培(pei)(pei)訓等方(fang)式，了解別人先(xian)(xian)進安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)經驗。 發電廠工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)涉及(ji)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很多生(sheng)(sheng)產設備，對(dui)于(yu)一個(ge)新職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)而(er)言都(dou)是(shi)(shi)陌(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)中(zhong)不(bu)注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)(yi)某些細(xi)節，或者粗心(xin)大意(yi)(yi)(yi)，都(dou)會(hui)造成嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事故。 所(suo)以(yi)(yi)對(dui)新職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育培(pei)(pei)訓是(shi)(shi)重中(zhong)之重。

2.2 抓好安(an)全培訓工作

對新員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)，應(ying)(ying)嚴格進行《電業(ye)安全工(gong)(gong)作規程(cheng)》和(he)(he)(he)《現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)規程(cheng)》培(pei)(pei)訓，考(kao)試合格后(hou)方(fang)可到現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)見習(xi)或(huo)跟班(ban)實(shi)(shi)習(xi)。經理論與實(shi)(shi)際操(cao)作考(kao)核合格后(hou)才(cai)能(neng)上崗；對在(zai)職職工(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)進行有(you)針(zhen)對性的現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)考(kao)問(wen)(wen)、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)問(wen)(wen)答(da)、事故預想、反事故演習(xi)等現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)培(pei)(pei)訓活動(dong)，并(bing)經常(chang)組織技(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)習(xi)或(huo)舉辦(ban)多(duo)層次多(duo)形式的培(pei)(pei)訓班(ban)，使(shi)職工(gong)(gong)達到電業(ye)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準和(he)(he)(he)“三(san)熟三(san)能(neng)”（熟悉設備、系統的基(ji)本原(yuan)理；熟悉操(cao)作和(he)(he)(he)事故處理；熟悉本崗位的規程(cheng)和(he)(he)(he)制度。能(neng)正確地進行操(cao)作和(he)(he)(he)分析(xi)運行狀況；能(neng)及時發現(xian)(xian)故障和(he)(he)(he)排除(chu)故障；能(neng)掌握(wo)一般的維修技(ji)(ji)能(neng)）要求。

每月開(kai)展技(ji)術培(pei)(pei)訓，每年組織(zhi)反事故(gu)演習(xi)(xi)，不(bu)斷(duan)更新(xin)職(zhi)工對(dui)新(xin)設備、新(xin)技(ji)能的(de)(de)(de)掌握(wo)。由于(yu)技(ji)改的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入，新(xin)設備不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)實到發(fa)電廠(chang)，這對(dui)于(yu)全體員工來說(shuo)也是種壓(ya)力，所以要充(chong)分利用班(ban)(ban)前班(ban)(ban)后會學習(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)等，組織(zhi)全體職(zhi)工進(jin)行集中(zhong)學習(xi)(xi)培(pei)(pei)訓新(xin)技(ji)術。 由主管新(xin)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)生計部(bu)門授(shou)課，從基礎理論學起，結合本廠(chang)的(de)(de)(de)實際情況，有安(an)排合理地授(shou)課，使(shi)職(zhi)工都(dou)能夠從機(ji)組構造、 性(xing)(xing)能和(he)工作原理等方(fang)(fang)面加(jia)深(shen)對(dui)新(xin)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)學習(xi)(xi)和(he)掌握(wo)。新(xin)設備的(de)(de)(de)掌握(wo)后的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)便性(xing)(xing)、先(xian)進(jin)性(xing)(xing)極大地促進(jin)了職(zhi)工學習(xi)(xi)新(xin)技(ji)術、掌握(wo)安(an)全生產的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極性(xing)(xing)。

2.3建立設備臺帳制(zhi)度

生產設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)是發電(dian)廠的(de)(de)(de)(de)靈魂，保(bao)安(an)全(quan)(quan)提(ti)效(xiao)益，就需要現代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業安(an)全(quan)(quan)生產管理(li)(li)技術(shu)(shu)，維護好生產設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)保(bao)證生產設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)安(an)全(quan)(quan)、 完好、高(gao)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)。需對(dui)每臺(tai)機組建立全(quan)(quan)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)臺(tai)帳和技術(shu)(shu)檔案，對(dui)各機電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)參數(shu)(shu)和運(yun)(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)況分(fen)別做(zuo)好記(ji)錄(lu)；對(dui)每臺(tai)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)動(dong)態管理(li)(li)，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每次維修(xiu)記(ji)錄(lu)、試驗數(shu)(shu)據(ju)、大修(xiu)報告等及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)歸入臺(tai)帳。這(zhe)樣，運(yun)(yun)行(xing)和檢修(xiu)人員可(ke)以(yi)(yi)隨時(shi)(shi)掌握每臺(tai)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)態，為設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)性評(ping)價(jia)和設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)評(ping)級工作(zuo)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)提(ti)供準(zhun)確、可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，為設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)消(xiao)缺(que)工作(zuo)提(ti)供有力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)支持。另(ling)外，通過對(dui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)況進(jin)(jin)行(xing)查詢和分(fen)析，對(dui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)維修(xiu)備(bei)件準(zhun)備(bei)充足，并(bing)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)補齊，做(zuo)到檢修(xiu)時(shi)(shi)能(neng)快速方便(bian)地進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。

2.4嚴抓“兩票三制”

兩票(piao)(piao)三制(zhi)即(ji)工作(zuo)票(piao)(piao)、操作(zuo)票(piao)(piao)、交(jiao)接班(ban)、設備定期試(shi)驗輪換、巡回檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)制(zhi)度(du)，是電力企業最基(ji)本的(de)規章制(zhi)度(du)，只(zhi)有認真執(zhi)行，才能保證現場設備、人身的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)運(yun)行。安(an)全(quan)(quan)管理人員要(yao)及時抽(chou)查(cha)(cha)兩票(piao)(piao)的(de)執(zhi)行情況，查(cha)(cha)檢(jian)修(xiu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)措施是否執(zhi)行到位(wei)，查(cha)(cha)操作(zuo)票(piao)(piao)制(zhi)度(du)是否認真執(zhi)行，對不(bu)認真執(zhi)行者進行通報考核。

2.5 重視安(an)全生產管(guan)理的監(jian)察工(gong)作

加強監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)檢查是實現安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)重要環節，一個發(fa)電廠如果只(zhi)有安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)制度(du)和措施是不夠的(de)(de)，必須進(jin)行嚴肅認真(zhen)的(de)(de)監(jian)督檢查工作，促進(jin)工作的(de)(de)落實。 通過監(jian)督檢查工作我們能及時發(fa)現生(sheng)產(chan)中存在的(de)(de)不安(an)(an)全因素和生(sheng)產(chan)設備(bei)的(de)(de)缺陷，從而(er)提高職工安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)，保(bao)證安(an)(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)。

電(dian)力企(qi)業的(de)安(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)管理是所有工作(zuo)的(de)重中之(zhi)重，同時也是枯燥的(de)需(xu)要(yao)長(chang)期(qi)堅(jian)持，不能松懈的(de)工作(zuo)，需(xu)要(yao)各級領(ling)導重視全體職(zhi)工參與， 是能最大(da)限度地避免和控制人身(shen)傷(shang)亡及(ji)設(she)備損(sun)壞事故的(de)發生(sheng)，讓事故和隱患遠離我(wo)們(men)日常工作(zuo)，為長(chang)久的(de)安(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)建立良(liang)好(hao)的(de)基(ji)石。

廠安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察人(ren)員(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督廠各級人(ren)員(yuan)安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)責任制的(de)落實(shi)，監(jian)(jian)(jian)督與安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)有關的(de)各項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)章制度、反事(shi)故技術措施(shi)的(de)貫徹執行(xing)，對違章作業、違章指揮(hui)進行(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察。安(an)檢人(ren)員(yuan)經常深入現場(chang)查(cha)閱有關生(sheng)產(chan)記錄，發(fa)現問題(ti)及時調(diao)查(cha)，按(an)規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)規(gui)(gui)定認(ren)真做出(chu)處(chu)理。監(jian)(jian)(jian)督涉(she)及設備、設施(shi)安(an)全(quan)的(de)技術狀況、人(ren)身安(an)全(quan)的(de)防護狀況；監(jian)(jian)(jian)督安(an)全(quan)工器具(ju)、起重機具(ju)、登高工具(ju)的(de)定期試驗工作。組(zu)織安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)檢查(cha)，并監(jian)(jian)(jian)督整改(gai)措施(shi)的(de)落實(shi)。組(zu)織事(shi)故調(diao)查(cha)，堅持“四不(bu)放過”原則，做好事(shi)故分析、處(chu)理和統計報告(gao)工作。

加(jia)強監(jian)督檢查是(shi)實(shi)現安全生產(chan)的重要環(huan)節，一(yi)個(ge)電廠如果只有安全生產(chan)管理制度和措(cuo)施(shi)是(shi)不夠的，必須(xu)進行嚴肅認真(zhen)的監(jian)督檢查，促進工作的落實(shi)。

3 結語

安全生產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)是(shi)一(yi)項長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)、復雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統工程，需(xu)要(yao)不斷探索、鞏固和創新，我們(men)要(yao)發揮(hui)各(ge)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積極性，共同搞好安全生產(chan)(chan)工作，貫徹(che)“安全第(di)一(yi)，預防(fang)為主”的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針，貫徹(che)“管(guan)生產(chan)(chan)必須管(guan)安全”的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則，努力走出(chu)一(yi)條適應企(qi)業(ye)自身安全運行、操作性強的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)路子(zi)，時刻保(bao)持良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)、穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全生產(chan)(chan)局面(mian)，做好筑牢防(fang)線，常抓(zhua)不懈，警鐘(zhong)長(chang)鳴，確保(bao)安全、高(gao)效(xiao)完成生產(chan)(chan)任(ren)務。■

參考文獻

[1]王勇，張雷.現電(dian)廠安全生產管理(li)的探索.內(nei)蒙古科(ke)技(ji)與技(ji)術，2010.

[2]馮衛強，梁衛東.淺談發電企(qi)業安全培訓與管理的重要性.大科技，2009.

[3]趙(zhao)凌俊.淺析火電廠的(de)安(an)全生(sheng)產管理工(gong)作.企業導報，2011.

篇5

【關鍵詞(ci)】安(an)全理論(lun)；安(an)全要(yao)素；安(an)全型企業

安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)發展的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命線，是(shi)當前各個企(qi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產和工(gong)作中(zhong)堅(jian)持不變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)方針，在(zai)發電企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)作中(zhong)要實現快(kuai)速(su)平穩發展，就必(bi)須堅(jian)持安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)第一、預防為主的(de)(de)(de)方針進(jin)行(xing)生(sheng)產。在(zai)發電廠安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和實踐工(gong)作中(zhong)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)是(shi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)概(gai)念形式(shi)，如(ru)何正確的(de)(de)(de)把握安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，提高企(qi)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產水(shui)平是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)主要工(gong)作重點(dian)，也是(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產追(zhui)求的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)高境(jing)界。

1 安全理論

安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)對安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)型電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)解釋演繹，是現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)管(guan)理制(zhi)度逐(zhu)步完(wan)善(shan)(shan)和健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)新(xin)理念(nian)和新(xin)模式(shi)(shi)，屬于(yu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理中(zhong)的(de)(de)系統(tong)化(hua)結構形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。在發(fa)電(dian)廠(chang)工作中(zhong)引發(fa)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事故的(de)(de)直接原因是多種多樣的(de)(de)，但是物的(de)(de)不安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)狀態(tai)和人的(de)(de)不安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)狀態(tai)卻是影響其(qi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)主要原因和趨(qu)勢。因此抓緊(jin)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工作還(huan)需要從人和設(she)備(bei)雙(shuang)方面(mian)入手。隨著國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)指標(biao)技術標(biao)準的(de)(de)不斷完(wan)善(shan)(shan)和規范化(hua)水平的(de)(de)日益提高(gao)，已經給企(qi)(qi)業(ye)現(xian)(xian)場安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、文明(ming)生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理帶來(lai)(lai)了很(hen)大的(de)(de)實(shi)際困(kun)難。解決這(zhe)一(yi)問題是企(qi)(qi)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)根本，更是發(fa)電(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)根本保證方式(shi)(shi)。

2 安全型企業

安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)型企業，是指(zhi)企業的安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)系(包括保證(zheng)體(ti)系和(he)監督(du)體(ti)系等(deng))健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、完善，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)機制(zhi)(安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)大監督(du)和(he)違章積分、曝光(guang)管(guan)理(li)辦法等(deng))運(yun)轉正常，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)責任制(zhi)落實到位(wei)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)始(shi)終處于(yu)可控、在控狀態(tai)(tai)，無(wu)任何人身、設備、電網、火災、污(wu)染等(deng)不安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事(shi)故(gu)發生(sheng)，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)一(yi)直(zhi)保持安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、健康、穩定的狀態(tai)(tai)。

3 安(an)全理論(lun)在(zai)發電廠安(an)全管理工作中的應用

基于安(an)(an)全(quan)理(li)論，發電廠(chang)實現(xian)安(an)(an)全(quan)型(xing)企(qi)業應遵循的(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)途徑是(shi)：通(tong)(tong)過(guo)對員工的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)育培(pei)訓(xun)，杜(du)絕人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)不安(an)(an)全(quan)行(xing)(xing)為；通(tong)(tong)過(guo)加(jia)強設備(bei)(bei)管(guan)理(li)，提高設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)檢修維護(hu)質(zhi)量，消除(chu)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)不安(an)(an)全(quan)狀(zhuang)態(tai)；通(tong)(tong)過(guo)改善(shan)作(zuo)(zuo)業現(xian)場(chang)環境(jing)及(ji)勞動(dong)安(an)(an)全(quan)防護(hu)，消除(chu)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)檢修作(zuo)(zuo)業過(guo)程中存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)不安(an)(an)全(quan)因素(su)；通(tong)(tong)過(guo)建(jian)立健全(quan)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)機制和(he)制度(du)體(ti)系，堵塞(sai)管(guan)理(li)上的(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)洞。

3.1 人員安全

生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(包括安監、運行、點檢、檢修、維護、外包工程人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)等)必須完全具備能(neng)夠適(shi)應火力(li)發電(dian)廠(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)系統(tong)要求的(de)生(sheng)理、心理條件，具備在生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)全過程中很好地控制各種環節安全運行和(he)正確處理系統(tong)內各種故(gu)障及意外情況(kuang)的(de)能(neng)力(li)。要具備這樣的(de)能(neng)力(li)，首先要通過教育(yu)培訓(xun)提高企業(ye)員(yuan)工的(de)職(zhi)業(ye)理想、職(zhi)業(ye)道(dao)德(de)、職(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)能(neng)和(he)職(zhi)業(ye)紀律水平。

3.2 設備安全

設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)安(an)全是安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)。沒有可靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)健康水平(ping)作基礎(chu)(chu)，就不可能實現(xian)安(an)全生產(chan)，更談不上(shang)安(an)全。設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)(xin)是點檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)，深(shen)(shen)化點檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)是發(fa)電(dian)廠實現(xian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)根本途徑。在做好(hao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)選型、安(an)裝等工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)上(shang)，提升定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)工作效果，推行(xing)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)績(ji)效管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，深(shen)(shen)化設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)點檢(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。一是在加強運(yun)行(xing)巡檢(jian)(jian)和(he)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)專業點檢(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)上(shang)，對設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)進行(xing)精(jing)密(mi)點檢(jian)(jian)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)診斷，實行(xing)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)劣化傾(qing)向管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。二(er)是通(tong)過(guo)精(jing)密(mi)點檢(jian)(jian)數據分析，定(ding)(ding)量地(di)確定(ding)(ding)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)狀況和(he)劣化程(cheng)度，確定(ding)(ding)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能和(he)經濟技(ji)術(shu)指標，進行(xing)狀態檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)，實現(xian)對設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)安(an)全預控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)；同時做好(hao)生產(chan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)技(ji)術(shu)監督管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，建立(li)、健全技(ji)術(shu)監控(kong)體系，充分發(fa)揮技(ji)術(shu)監控(kong)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，對發(fa)電(dian)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)狀況進行(xing)全方位、全過(guo)程(cheng)監測監控(kong)。通(tong)過(guo)精(jing)心(xin)(xin)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)、精(jing)細管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，打造設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)質量精(jing)品，確保設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)系統(tong)能夠(gou)在規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)轉周(zhou)期內(nei)安(an)全、穩定(ding)(ding)、經濟運(yun)行(xing)，始(shi)終處于(yu)受控(kong)狀態，實現(xian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全。

3.3 運行安全

通過嚴格執行(xing)(xing)(xing)“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)三(san)(san)制(zhi)”和(he)(he)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)程，杜(du)絕(jue)人員誤操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，使所有(you)設備和(he)(he)系統(tong)(tong)都保(bao)持(chi)安全、穩(wen)定(ding)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，始(shi)終處(chu)于受控狀(zhuang)態。發(fa)電廠的(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)安全管理工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)要圍繞(rao)“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)三(san)(san)制(zhi)”展開，要充分發(fa)揮(hui)“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)三(san)(san)制(zhi)”在運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)管理中的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用，利用“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)”管理系統(tong)(tong)，抓好“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)”的(de)標準(zhun)(zhun)化工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。日常檢修和(he)(he)定(ding)期工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中涉及的(de)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)要全部使用標準(zhun)(zhun)票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)，用標準(zhun)(zhun)票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)規(gui)范運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人員的(de)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)，避(bi)免(mian)發(fa)生誤操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)事故，使“兩票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)”真(zhen)正起到“生命票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)”的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用。電氣操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)要通過電子“五防”系統(tong)(tong)、監(jian)護、唱票(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)(piao)、復誦(song)、錄音(yin)等手段(duan)，保(bao)證(zheng)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)正確。

3.4 勞動和環境安全

為現場(chang)作(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)提供符合國家、行業(ye)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)勞動(dong)安(an)全(quan)條(tiao)件和必需的(de)勞動(dong)防護(hu)用品，并采取措施對(dui)生產(chan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進行可靠(kao)保護(hu)，保證在電力生產(chan)過(guo)程中，徹底消除(chu)各種(zhong)不安(an)全(quan)、不衛(wei)生因素對(dui)現場(chang)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)生命安(an)全(quan)和身體健康的(de)危害(hai)。

3.4.1 勞動安全(quan)

對發(fa)電廠(chang)現場作(zuo)業(ye)存在的危(wei)險有(you)害因(yin)素進(jin)行辨識。涉及勞(lao)動安(an)全的主要(yao)作(zuo)業(ye)有(you)電氣、高處作(zuo)業(ye)、機械(xie)、起重(zhong)、特種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)等，在這些作(zuo)業(ye)中(zhong)使(shi)用的設備(bei)、安(an)全防護設施必須符合法(fa)律、法(fa)規、規程和標準規定的安(an)全要(yao)求，同時還要(yao)為(wei)作(zuo)業(ye)人員(yuan)提(ti)供必備(bei)的勞(lao)動防護用品，以達到勞(lao)動安(an)全的目的。

3.4.2 環境安全

這里(li)所(suo)說(shuo)的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境包括空(kong)間(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境、時(shi)(shi)間(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境、物理(li)化學環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境、自然環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境和(he)(he)作(zuo)業現(xian)場(chang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境。要(yao)(yao)努力通過改(gai)造使企(qi)業的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)間(jian)、平(ping)面布置和(he)(he)各(ge)種安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)衛生(sheng)設(she)施、道(dao)路(lu)等符合國標要(yao)(yao)求，實現(xian)空(kong)間(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)。實現(xian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，要(yao)(yao)做到按照(zhao)設(she)備(bei)使用說(shuo)明書和(he)(he)設(she)備(bei)定期試驗報告及點檢劣(lie)化趨勢分析(xi)來(lai)決定設(she)備(bei)的(de)修理(li)和(he)(he)更(geng)換時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，同時(shi)(shi)必須遵守(shou)((勞動法))’使員(yuan)工在法定工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)內從事工作(zuo)，避免疲勞作(zuo)業。

3.5 管理安全

安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)就是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)主體對(dui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)客體實施控制(zhi)，使其(qi)符合安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產規(gui)范，達到安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)成敗(bai)取決于能(neng)否有效地控制(zhi)事(shi)故的(de)(de)發生。安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)要從傳統的(de)(de)“事(shi)后管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)”逐漸(jian)轉(zhuan)為(wei)現(xian)代的(de)(de)“事(shi)前管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)”和(he)“過(guo)(guo)程管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)”，即通過(guo)(guo)保證體系和(he)監(jian)督體系的(de)(de)事(shi)前管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)和(he)過(guo)(guo)程監(jian)督，控制(zhi)現(xian)場作業人員的(de)(de)各種不安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)行為(wei)和(he)設備、系統的(de)(de)各種不安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)狀態(tai)，使企業的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產局面可控在控，并將(jiang)各種安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)隱患消滅在萌芽狀態(tai)，從而避免各種人身傷害和(he)設備損壞事(shi)故的(de)(de)發生。

企業安全不(bu)是一蹴而就(jiu)的(de)工作(zuo)，在管(guan)理(li)中(zhong)必須要與時俱進(jin)，不(bu)斷的(de)超(chao)越，一切管(guan)理(li)制度和管(guan)理(li)模(mo)式都應當能夠適應社會(hui)技術(shu)的(de)發展和各種(zhong)針對性(xing)搶(qiang)的(de)規章制度的(de)應用。堅持安全生產中(zhong)應當做好每日的(de)巡查和不(bu)定時的(de)現場檢查活(huo)動(dong)，對工作(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)各種(zhong)風(feng)險和其(qi)他問題(ti)進(jin)行綜合(he)的(de)管(guan)理(li)控制，牢牢的(de)掌(zhang)握科學操作(zuo)方式和方法。

篇6

關(guan)鍵(jian)詞：培訓(xun)；安(an)健(jian)環(huan)意(yi)識；安(an)全技能(neng)；NOSA安(an)健(jian)環(huan)五星管理系統(tong)

中圖分類號：C93-0 文(wen)獻標識(shi)碼：A 文(wen)章編(bian)號：1001-828X（2012）02-0-02

NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)(huan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統是南非國家職(zhi)業安(an)(an)全協(xie)會(National Occupational Safety Association)于1951年(nian)創建的一(yi)種科學(xue)、規范的職(zhi)業安(an)(an)全衛生(sheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統。而(er)NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)(huan)五星管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統更是在上述(shu)基(ji)礎上從70年(nian)展起(qi)來，經過數萬多次的調(diao)查(cha)、考察和評(ping)估，發展至今(jin)已形成(cheng)的一(yi)個集安(an)(an)全、健(jian)康、環(huan)(huan)保于一(yi)體的先進安(an)(an)全管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統。該(gai)系(xi)(xi)統以風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)為基(ji)礎，強調(diao)人性化管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和持(chi)續改進的理(li)(li)念，目(mu)標是實現安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)(huan)綜合(he)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，做到“零意外、零事故”。

華夏(xia)電力公(gong)司(si)(si)自(zi)2009年開始全面引進(jin)(jin)NOSA安健環(huan)(huan)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)理(li)念(nian)和(he)(he)方(fang)法，確(que)立了“通過(guo)(guo)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)公(gong)司(si)(si)安健環(huan)(huan)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)建(jian)設，控制與消除生(sheng)(sheng)產經營過(guo)(guo)程存在(zai)的(de)(de)風險(xian)因素，以(yi)持續改進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，規范公(gong)司(si)(si)安全管(guan)理(li)行(xing)為。實現安全、健康、環(huan)(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)綜合風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)，提(ti)升公(gong)司(si)(si)安全管(guan)理(li)水平(ping)(ping)”的(de)(de)指導思想，逐步建(jian)立安全生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)長效(xiao)機(ji)制，制定了NOSA安健環(huan)(huan)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)建(jian)設總體(ti)(ti)(ti)目標(biao)：即2009年爭取(qu)達到(dao)四(si)星(xing)(xing)、確(que)保(bao)通過(guo)(guo)三(san)星(xing)(xing)級評(ping)審；2010年爭取(qu)達到(dao)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)、確(que)保(bao)通過(guo)(guo)四(si)星(xing)(xing)級評(ping)審；2011年確(que)保(bao)通過(guo)(guo)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)級評(ping)審。為此(ci)，華夏(xia)電力公(gong)司(si)(si)通過(guo)(guo)多種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)強化(hua)安健環(huan)(huan)教(jiao)育(yu)培訓工作，夯實NOSA安健環(huan)(huan)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)創建(jian)基礎，有力地促進(jin)(jin)公(gong)司(si)(si)NOSA安健環(huan)(huan)五(wu)星(xing)(xing)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統建(jian)設和(he)(he)安全管(guan)理(li)水平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)提(ti)升。

一、通過自我培訓(xun)，培養安健(jian)環工作骨干，建立安健(jian)環管理系統標準、制(zhi)度

NOSA安健(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)五星管理(li)(li)(li)(li)系統以(yi)危害辨識、風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)核心，以(yi)海因里希的(de)“冰山理(li)(li)(li)(li)論”為(wei)依據，以(yi)“P-D-C-A”方式為(wei)運行模(mo)式。其核心理(li)(li)(li)(li)念是：所有(you)意外均(jun)可避免，所有(you)危險(xian)(xian)均(jun)可控(kong)制(zhi)，每項(xiang)工作均(jun)應顧及(ji)(ji)(ji)安全(quan)、健(jian)康(kang)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)；NOSA安健(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)五星管理(li)(li)(li)(li)系統包含房屋及(ji)(ji)(ji)內務處理(li)(li)(li)(li)，機械、電氣和(he)個人防(fang)護(hu)裝備(bei)，火災(zai)和(he)其它緊(jin)急風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)，安健(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)事故(gu)記錄(lu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)調查，機構管理(li)(li)(li)(li)等五大模(mo)塊，安健(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)及(ji)(ji)(ji)影響(xiang)評(ping)估(gu)、聽力保(bao)護(hu)、污染(ran)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)控(kong)制(zhi)和(he)安健(jian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)培訓等72個元素(su)；通過評(ping)估(gu)查找風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)隱患(huan)，制(zhi)定(ding)防(fang)范措施及(ji)(ji)(ji)預案，落實整改并消除，實現閉環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)持(chi)續改善，把風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)切實、有(you)效、可行地(di)降低至(zhi)可以(yi)接受的(de)程度。

NOSA安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)管理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系創建(jian)初期(qi)，華(hua)夏電力公司(si)邀請國內知名管理(li)(li)(li)咨詢(xun)公司(si)專(zhuan)家來廠，通過舉辦(ban)NOSA安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)知識培訓班，分批對公司(si)領導、中層干部(bu)；管理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)員、專(zhuan)業技術(shu)人(ren)員等(deng)進行集中培訓，使公司(si)領導、中層干部(bu)、員工能熟知NOSA安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)基本知識，同時(shi)組織安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)72元(yuan)素負責人(ren)、安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)區域代表、內審員進行針對性的培訓，使之成為NOSA安(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)工作(zuo)的核心(xin)骨干。

建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)NOSA安(an)健(jian)環(huan)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)標準文(wen)件，是(shi)安(an)健(jian)環(huan)管理(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設的(de)(de)重(zhong)要一環(huan)，華夏電力公司采用(yong)聘請(qing)管理(li)咨詢公司顧問做指導、組(zu)織安(an)健(jian)環(huan)工作(zuo)骨干外(wai)出調研(yan)、學習相結(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)方(fang)式，根(gen)據國家(jia)相關法(fa)律法(fa)規、標準、行業標準和NOSA安(an)健(jian)環(huan)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)框架要求，制定了72元素標準文(wen)件。以此元素標準為培訓教材，組(zu)織全(quan)(quan)員培訓，使公司各級人員找到(dao)自(zi)己的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，進入自(zi)己的(de)(de)角色，并(bing)在實際工作(zuo)中(zhong)貫徹執行，克服工作(zuo)隨意性大、安(an)健(jian)環(huan)監督不到(dao)位(wei)、違章(zhang)冒險作(zuo)業等現象(xiang)，實現安(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)從“要我安(an)全(quan)(quan)”到(dao)“我要安(an)全(quan)(quan)”的(de)(de)轉變。

二、加強安(an)健(jian)(jian)環意識教(jiao)育，培(pei)養(yang)員工(gong)安(an)健(jian)(jian)環行(xing)為習慣(guan)

認(ren)知決(jue)定(ding)操守，意(yi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)決(jue)定(ding)行(xing)為。華夏電(dian)力公司高度重視(shi)安(an)健(jian)環(huan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)育(yu)，通過開(kai)展“員工(gong)安(an)健(jian)環(huan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)”、“安(an)健(jian)環(huan)行(xing)為習慣(guan)”問卷調查(cha)，了解培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)需(xu)求；同(tong)時分析公司在安(an)健(jian)環(huan)管理工(gong)作中存(cun)在的(de)不足(zu)，制定(ding)較(jiao)為詳細的(de)安(an)健(jian)環(huan)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)計(ji)劃，進行(xing)針(zhen)對性的(de)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)學習。比如：編印(yin)《安(an)健(jian)環(huan)知識(shi)(shi)(shi)手冊》、《工(gong)余安(an)健(jian)環(huan)手冊》、《安(an)健(jian)環(huan)知識(shi)(shi)(shi)普及手冊》，人手一(yi)冊提供給員工(gong)學習、查(cha)閱，做到(dao)全員參與。

平時通(tong)過(guo)(guo)內部經常(chang)性的(de)(de)(de)NOSA專(zhuan)業(ye)人員對員工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)各元素培訓，來強化(hua)(hua)全員安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)意識(shi)，改善員工(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)行(xing)為，規(gui)范(fan)操作(zuo)過(guo)(guo)程。此(ci)外，還(huan)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)開展形式多樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全教育和(he)安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)知識(shi)競賽(sai)等活動(dong)，營造“人人講NOSA，事事重安(an)(an)全”的(de)(de)(de)良好氛圍，促進全體員工(gong)(gong)NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)意識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)形成和(he)提高，固化(hua)(hua)員工(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)行(xing)為習慣，使NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)管理(li)理(li)念化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)廣大(da)員工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)覺行(xing)動(dong)，有序推進NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)五星系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)創建工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

三、強化(hua)員(yuan)工(gong)安全技能培訓，確保(bao)公(gong)司安全生產

工傷事故(gu)率是(shi)(shi)NOSA安健環五(wu)星級評(ping)審的(de)(de)重要指標，確(que)保安全生(sheng)產(chan)既是(shi)(shi)NOSA安健環五(wu)星創(chuang)建的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)，也是(shi)(shi)NOSA安健環五(wu)星級評(ping)審的(de)(de)關鍵，員工的(de)(de)安全技能是(shi)(shi)安全生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)重要保障，公司高度(du)重視員工的(de)(de)安全技能培訓(xun)，通過加強(qiang)培訓(xun)管理，落實(shi)培訓(xun)責任，強(qiang)化培訓(xun)目標考核(he)，取得較好(hao)的(de)(de)效果：

1.對員工(gong)進行持續的(de)(de)(de)安全培(pei)(pei)訓，強化安全培(pei)(pei)訓效果。開展每周(zhou)一次的(de)(de)(de)班組安全活動，公(gong)司安全管(guan)理部門平時(shi)加(jia)強對三級安全培(pei)(pei)訓工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)督(du)促(cu)、指導和檢查(cha)，抓好班組培(pei)(pei)訓，堅持班前安全交底(di)，即班前會利用5-10分(fen)鐘的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)，由班組長(項(xiang)目負責(ze)人)介(jie)紹(shao)當天的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)任(ren)務，交代現場的(de)(de)(de)安健環條件，危險因(yin)素(su)，防范(fan)措施和注意事項(xiang)，為(wei)促(cu)進規(gui)范(fan)作(zuo)(zuo)業行為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)氛圍奠定良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎，

2.根據公司(si)各(ge)部門的(de)實(shi)際(ji)情況和要求，進行有(you)針對性的(de)專(zhuan)項安(an)健環培訓(xun)，并(bing)及(ji)時(shi)地通(tong)報、組織(zhi)分析(xi)公司(si)及(ji)兄弟(di)單位新近發生的(de)事(shi)故(gu)，有(you)效地促(cu)進了(le)員(yuan)工(gong)安(an)健環意(yi)識的(de)提高，避免類(lei)似事(shi)故(gu)的(de)重復發生；組織(zhi)對安(an)健環元素負責人(ren)、安(an)健環區域代表及(ji)專(zhuan)(兼)職以(yi)上安(an)全(quan)生產管理人(ren)員(yuan)進行了(le)安(an)健環管理知識培訓(xun)，有(you)效的(de)提高了(le)員(yuan)工(gong)安(an)全(quan)技能(neng)與安(an)健環素質。

3.按(an)國家相關規定要求，定期(qi)組織特殊工(gong)種作業取證和(he)復審培訓工(gong)作，做(zuo)到(dao)公司特種作業人(ren)員持(chi)證上崗率達100%。

4.按NOSA體系標(biao)準要求(qiu)，對(dui)新進(jin)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)或(huo)轉崗員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)進(jin)行三(san)級安全教育培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，做(zuo)到(dao)新員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)或(huo)轉崗員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)上崗前(qian)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)合格率達100%。

5.充分(fen)利用公(gong)司已有(you)的(de)電力(li)生產仿(fang)真培(pei)訓系統，大力(li)開(kai)展事故分(fen)析、反事故演練和應急預案演練，切實提高了(le)運行人員的(de)事故應變(bian)能力(li)和反事故水平，提升維護(hu)人員的(de)消(xiao)缺能力(li)和安全技能水平。

6.在(zai)公(gong)司范(fan)圍內組織(zhi)開展技術比武和崗位(wei)練兵活動，要求(qiu)全(quan)體員工參與，認真(zhen)對(dui)待，經(jing)過貼近實戰的檢驗，有(you)效提高員工的技能水平和實戰能力。

7.廣泛發(fa)動員工參(can)與崗位危險(xian)(xian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)辯(bian)識和風險(xian)(xian)評估，建立公司(si)危險(xian)(xian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)風險(xian)(xian)清冊，在進(jin)(jin)行風險(xian)(xian)評估、危險(xian)(xian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)辯(bian)識過程中，適時進(jin)(jin)行專項培訓及各種形(xing)式的研(yan)討，點評制(zhi)定工作(zuo)安全分(fen)析(JSA)及書面安全工作(zuo)程序(WSWP)中存在的問題，及時起到(dao)糾偏(pian)的作(zuo)用。

四(si)、加(jia)強承(cheng)包(bao)商安健(jian)環教育培訓(xun)工作，提高承(cheng)包(bao)商的安健(jian)環意識

針(zhen)對多數與(yu)公司(si)業務往來單(dan)位普(pu)遍存在的(de)(de)人員流動性大、文化(hua)水平低，受(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)教(jiao)育不足、安(an)(an)全(quan)意(yi)(yi)識淡薄等情況，在公司(si)層(ceng)面組織安(an)(an)健環(huan)培訓(xun)(xun)同(tong)時(shi)，把承包商的(de)(de)安(an)(an)健環(huan)教(jiao)育培訓(xun)(xun)列入公司(si)安(an)(an)健環(huan)教(jiao)育培訓(xun)(xun)計劃，提升承包商工作(zuo)人員的(de)(de)安(an)(an)健環(huan)意(yi)(yi)識和風險意(yi)(yi)識。

在(zai)組織承(cheng)包商(shang)安(an)健環教育(yu)培(pei)訓中(zhong)，重點(dian)針對人機工效、個(ge)人防護用品使用、安(an)全標識(shi)、危險(xian)源辨識(shi)以及在(zai)安(an)健環內審(shen)中(zhong)存在(zai)問(wen)題及對策等，進行專題培(pei)訓，通過強化(hua)教育(yu)培(pei)訓使承(cheng)包商(shang)認(ren)同(tong)公司(si)安(an)健環管理理念，共(gong)同(tong)遵守安(an)健環管理標準、制度。

五、NOSA安(an)健環教(jiao)育培(pei)訓的(de)體會

安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)管理(li)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)系統工(gong)程，要在相對傳統的(de)電力(li)企(qi)(qi)業，導入一(yi)(yi)個(ge)全新的(de)安(an)(an)全管理(li)系統，由(you)于員(yuan)工(gong)長期習慣原(yuan)有(you)的(de)安(an)(an)全管理(li)模式，要想一(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)改(gai)變是(shi)非常痛苦和困難的(de)事，在NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)管理(li)五星管理(li)系統創(chuang)建工(gong)作中(zhong)，首先(xian)組(zu)織(zhi)開展NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)教育培(pei)訓，提高(gao)(gao)全員(yuan)NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)意(yi)(yi)識、養成(cheng)良好(hao)行為習慣和提高(gao)(gao)安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)工(gong)作人員(yuan)安(an)(an)全管理(li)技能至關(guan)重要，我(wo)們(men)的(de)實踐體會(hui)是(shi)：NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)體系創(chuang)建首先(xian)需要全員(yuan)參與，同時(shi)(shi)必須加大安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)教育培(pei)訓的(de)力(li)度，在企(qi)(qi)業職工(gong)中(zhong)形成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)濃(nong)厚的(de)企(qi)(qi)業安(an)(an)健(jian)(jian)環(huan)文化氛圍，從而(er)樹(shu)立(li)高(gao)(gao)度負責(ze)的(de)主人翁責(ze)任感(gan)和遵(zun)章守紀、自我(wo)防范(fan)的(de)意(yi)(yi)識。

華夏電力公(gong)司(si)(si)自(zi)2009年開始開展NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)五星管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)創(chuang)建(jian)以來，先后舉辦79場、完成83個安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)專題講座(zuo)，內容基(ji)本涵蓋NOSA 72元(yuan)素，共有(you)32位元(yuan)素負責(ze)人及21人相關專業技(ji)術人員(yuan)(yuan)或專家走上講臺，聽(ting)課人數達(da)7214人次，員(yuan)(yuan)工的(de)安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)意識和安(an)(an)全(quan)技(ji)能得到明顯提(ti)高，有(you)力地促進了公(gong)司(si)(si)NOSA安(an)(an)健(jian)環(huan)五星管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)的(de)創(chuang)建(jian)工作和安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)水平的(de)提(ti)升。

六(liu)、創(chuang)新安全管理的(de)績效

截止到2011年(nian)12月31日，華(hua)夏(xia)電力(li)(li)公(gong)司(si)實(shi)現(xian)連續安(an)全生產2868 天(tian)(tian)的最(zui)高安(an)全紀(ji)錄，安(an)健環績效無(wu)工(gong)傷及(ji)職(zhi)業病2868天(tian)(tian)，無(wu)環保事故(gu)5858天(tian)(tian)，無(wu)交通事故(gu)5599天(tian)(tian)，無(wu)承包(bao)商工(gong)傷及(ji)職(zhi)業病事故(gu)3714天(tian)(tian)。2011年(nian)9月，公(gong)司(si)被(bei)廈門市委(wei)、市政(zheng)府(fu)評為“十一(yi)五(wu)”主(zhu)要(yao)污染物總(zong)量減排先(xian)進(jin)(jin)企業，公(gong)司(si)還先(xian)后獲得廈門市“2009年(nian)度節能先(xian)進(jin)(jin)單(dan)位(wei)”、福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)(jian)省電監(jian)辦(ban)“2010年(nian)度福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)(jian)省電力(li)(li)安(an)全生產先(xian)進(jin)(jin)單(dan)位(wei)”、福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)(jian)省及(ji)廈門市“2011年(nian)度安(an)全生產先(xian)進(jin)(jin)單(dan)位(wei)”等榮譽稱號(hao)。

篇7

關鍵(jian)詞(ci)：房(fang)屋建筑；安全施工(gong)；管理；預(yu)防；對策(ce)

1、前言

改革開(kai)放步伐(fa)的(de)不(bu)斷前進，現代化建(jian)(jian)設得(de)到高(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，各種高(gao)(gao)(gao)樓(lou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)在(zai)城市(shi)不(bu)斷建(jian)(jian)起(qi)，對(dui)其安(an)全施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理有更高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)要求。加上人(ren)們生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水平的(de)不(bu)斷提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，對(dui)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)要求更是不(bu)斷加強(qiang)。但(dan)是，過去的(de)安(an)全施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理條例遠遠無(wu)法(fa)滿(man)足現在(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)行業，加上房(fang)屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)屬于高(gao)(gao)(gao)危行業，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員要在(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)空、露天以(yi)及(ji)環(huan)境非常惡劣的(de)地方(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作業，使房(fang)屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行業成(cheng)為(wei)目(mu)前安(an)全事(shi)故發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)頻率比較大的(de)幾(ji)個行業之一。為(wei)了(le)能(neng)夠(gou)避免更多(duo)安(an)全事(shi)故的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，保障房(fang)屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)全，保障施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員的(de)安(an)全，需要制定科學合理的(de)安(an)全施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理方(fang)案，才能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)這些問題發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)率降到最(zui)低。

2、目前房屋建筑(zhu)安全(quan)施工管理存(cun)在(zai)的問(wen)題(ti)

2.1　施工安全意識淡薄

施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安(an)全(quan)意(yi)(yi)識主要(yao)是指施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)比較重(zhong)視施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)有可(ke)能出現的(de)(de)危險行為，能夠及時發現并處理現場(chang)有可(ke)能造成安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故的(de)(de)情(qing)況。由于(yu)房屋建筑需要(yao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人(ren)員在(zai)露天和高空作業(ye)，而施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)各種材料(liao)隨(sui)意(yi)(yi)擺放，電(dian)線交纏混亂(luan)、有毒材料(liao)隨(sui)處可(ke)見等(deng)現象(xiang)都能夠導致施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人(ren)員出現觸電(dian)、高空墜落(luo)以(yi)及氣體中毒等(deng)事(shi)故。當前的(de)(de)房屋施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)多數存在(zai)這種不安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)狀況，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)對(dui)這些安(an)全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)重(zhong)視度仍需改進(jin)，且(qie)若(ruo)不對(dui)這些問(wen)題(ti)進(jin)行比較合理的(de)(de)管(guan)理，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)的(de)(de)這些安(an)全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)將無(wu)法真正(zheng)得到解決，嚴重(zhong)威脅施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人(ren)員的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)，同時也(ye)造成施(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)程無(wu)法預期完成，導致施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)成本增加和效(xiao)益減少。

2.2　施工(gong)安全教育落后。人員素質差

安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育是保障(zhang)施工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)作業時能夠(gou)有意(yi)(yi)識的(de)(de)保護自身(shen)的(de)(de)一個(ge)重(zhong)要指導(dao)理念，但是，目前房屋建筑施工(gong)(gong)由于屬(shu)于流動性極大的(de)(de)一個(ge)行(xing)業，施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)都是臨時湊集，施工(gong)(gong)單位為了減少(shao)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)投入直接忽略或(huo)極少(shao)對施工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育進(jin)行(xing)培(pei)訓，造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)當前很多(duo)(duo)施工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)存在(zai)嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)識缺(que)乏現(xian)象。同時，這種(zhong)沒有安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)情況也直接造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)房屋建筑施工(gong)(gong)隊伍(wu)綜(zong)合(he)素(su)(su)質普(pu)遍低下的(de)(de)問(wen)題。據調查發現(xian)，當前房屋建筑施工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)多(duo)(duo)為民工(gong)(gong)，這些(xie)民工(gong)(gong)大多(duo)(duo)本(ben)身(shen)缺(que)少(shao)安(an)全(quan)(quan)防范意(yi)(yi)識，加(jia)上(shang)施工(gong)(gong)單位不(bu)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育培(pei)訓工(gong)(gong)作，直接造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)我國整體施工(gong)(gong)隊伍(wu)素(su)(su)質低下狀況。這種(zhong)現(xian)象不(bu)但不(bu)利于施工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)，造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)事故多(duo)(duo)發，還直接影響建筑的(de)(de)質量(liang)，長期(qi)以往(wang)將(jiang)直接影響整個(ge)建筑行(xing)業的(de)(de)持續(xu)發展。

2.3　建筑(zhu)施工(gong)現場安全防范工(gong)作(zuo)不(bu)規范

建筑施工(gong)現(xian)場的(de)(de)安全(quan)防(fang)范工(gong)作(zuo)需要(yao)施工(gong)單(dan)位從施工(gong)開(kai)始之前(qian)就要(yao)制(zhi)定好防(fang)范的(de)(de)內容，比如機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)安全(quan)防(fang)范，確(que)保(bao)進(jin)場設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)具有國(guo)家質(zhi)量(liang)檢測標(biao)準(zhun)，確(que)保(bao)在(zai)施工(gong)過程中(zhong)不出現(xian)由(you)于設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)質(zhi)量(liang)問(wen)題造成(cheng)的(de)(de)人員(yuan)傷(shang)亡現(xian)象(xiang)。由(you)于施工(gong)現(xian)場需要(yao)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)重型機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，加上(shang)需要(yao)高(gao)空作(zuo)業，若機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)質(zhi)量(liang)不合格，各種(zhong)鋼索、纜繩等質(zhi)量(liang)不合格，都由(you)可(ke)能(neng)造成(cheng)機械(xie)出現(xian)高(gao)空墜落(luo)造成(cheng)人員(yuan)傷(shang)亡現(xian)象(xiang)。調查顯(xian)示，很(hen)多施工(gong)單(dan)位為了追求更大(da)的(de)(de)經濟(ji)利益，在(zai)施工(gong)材(cai)料上(shang)偷工(gong)減料，施工(gong)材(cai)料質(zhi)量(liang)低下(xia)，各種(zhong)機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)性能(neng)和種(zhong)類遠遠跟不上(shang)設(she)(she)(she)計規(gui)范，且(qie)一些(xie)所(suo)謂的(de)(de)安全(quan)防(fang)范工(gong)具如安全(quan)網等質(zhi)量(liang)非常差(cha)。這些(xie)現(xian)象(xiang)給(gei)施工(gong)現(xian)場埋(mai)下(xia)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)安全(quan)隱患。圖1為消防(fang)隊員(yuan)在(zai)垮塌(ta)現(xian)場救援幸存(cun)者。

3、解決當(dang)前房屋(wu)建筑安(an)全(quan)問題的對策

3.1　加強施工現場安全意識

針(zhen)對(dui)房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)全意(yi)識淡薄的問題，要立即對(dui)其進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)解(jie)決，從根(gen)本上(shang)提高所有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的安(an)(an)全施(shi)工(gong)意(yi)識。①對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場(chang)(chang)場(chang)(chang)容場(chang)(chang)貌極(ji)差(cha)的現(xian)象進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)解(jie)決，各種材料(liao)有(you)專門(men)擺放位置(zhi)，所有(you)機(ji)械設備(bei)需要按類別停(ting)放整齊。②為了在出現(xian)安(an)(an)全事故如火災時施(shi)工(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員能(neng)夠快速(su)逃出建(jian)筑物(wu)，要對(dui)所有(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出的通(tong)(tong)道口進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)障礙清除(chu)，保(bao)持其路面的暢通(tong)(tong)。③施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場(chang)(chang)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)的地帶(dai)如地坑等設置(zhi)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)醒目標志。④確保(bao)所有(you)在施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場(chang)(chang)作(zuo)業或進(jin)(jin)(jin)入現(xian)場(chang)(chang)查(cha)看的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都要求(qiu)戴有(you)安(an)(an)全帽(mao)，否則不(bu)給通(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)。對(dui)在高空(kong)作(zuo)業沒有(you)佩(pei)戴安(an)(an)全帶(dai)和安(an)(an)全帽(mao)的施(shi)工(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員或觀察人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員給予教育批評，營造一種安(an)(an)全意(yi)識極(ji)其強(qiang)烈的氛圍，真(zhen)正做到安(an)(an)全至上(shang)。

3.2　加(jia)強(qiang)施(shi)工(gong)安全教育培訓工(gong)作。提高(gao)施(shi)工(gong)人員的(de)綜(zong)合素(su)質

安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育培(pei)訓是施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)一個(ge)重(zhong)要部分，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識的(de)(de)真(zhen)正提高才能夠順利的(de)(de)完成(cheng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，因此(ci)加強施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)非常必要。①招聘的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員在(zai)實踐之(zhi)前要進行基本的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)訓工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，并(bing)在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)相互幫助和(he)監(jian)督，將安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識當做左右一切工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)重(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)重(zhong)。②調整施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師的(de)(de)職(zhi)責，將過(guo)去工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師僅管理(li)(li)生產調整為(wei)生產和(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)齊并(bing)進，對施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)所(suo)有(you)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)進行管理(li)(li)，包括(kuo)每(mei)一環節的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)，對存在(zai)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)隱(yin)患及(ji)時(shi)(shi)處理(li)(li)，避免由于隱(yin)患存在(zai)時(shi)(shi)間過(guo)長(chang)導(dao)致(zhi)最(zui)后釀(niang)成(cheng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事(shi)故。③施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)人(ren)多口雜，班(ban)組長(chang)管理(li)(li)起來比較(jiao)難，因此(ci)就要對班(ban)組長(chang)進行比較(jiao)深(shen)入的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育培(pei)訓，讓(rang)所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)班(ban)組長(chang)能夠對安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)操作(zuo)(zuo)知識了(le)解(jie)于胸，在(zai)日常施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)起到模范帶頭作(zuo)(zuo)用，每(mei)天對班(ban)上(shang)所(suo)有(you)成(cheng)員進行重(zhong)復(fu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)指導(dao)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)糾正錯誤的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀念，營造一個(ge)遵紀守法，合理(li)(li)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)。

3.3　加強現場合(he)理布(bu)局

房(fang)屋(wu)施(shi)(shi)工現(xian)場(chang)由于面積大(da)，需要的(de)設備、材料、人員(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)比較多，因此(ci)(ci)若不(bu)進行比較合理的(de)作業布局，在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工中就會因為某些(xie)(xie)沒(mei)有注意到的(de)因素造成人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)傷亡。因此(ci)(ci)，施(shi)(shi)工工程師要在(zai)開始施(shi)(shi)工前就要對建(jian)筑現(xian)場(chang)進行查探，并(bing)仔細分析設計圖紙，尋求一套比較安全和(he)合理的(de)施(shi)(shi)工方案，每一道施(shi)(shi)剛剛序都(dou)要考慮在(zai)內。同時，對施(shi)(shi)工中有些(xie)(xie)不(bu)可避免(mian)的(de)危險階(jie)段要進行危險標志，如有些(xie)(xie)地段圖釘比較多容易(yi)扎上(shang)人員(yuan)(yuan)，高樓吊機移(yi)動(dong)范圍等都(dou)要做好安全提示工作。

3.4　加強施工現場的安全防護(hu)的規(gui)范性

施(shi)工現場的(de)規(gui)范安全(quan)防(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)主要(yao)是做好現場各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設(she)備(bei)的(de)管理工作(zuo)(zuo)。如機械設(she)備(bei)，由于(yu)機械設(she)備(bei)如果存在質(zhi)量(liang)問題就會(hui)可能在施(shi)工時造成安全(quan)事故(gu)的(de)出現，因(yin)此(ci)對(dui)(dui)所(suo)有(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)場的(de)機械設(she)備(bei)都(dou)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)檢查，對(dui)(dui)出廠日(ri)期(qi)等進(jin)(jin)行(xing)詳細(xi)的(de)檢查，在日(ri)常使(shi)用中，嚴厲禁止(zhi)對(dui)(dui)設(she)備(bei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)違規(gui)操作(zuo)(zuo)，同時還需按照設(she)備(bei)的(de)維(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)原則進(jin)(jin)行(xing)維(wei)修和故(gu)障(zhang)維(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，確保在使(shi)用時不(bu)會(hui)因(yin)為維(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和操作(zuo)(zuo)失(shi)誤造成事故(gu)發生；又如，在對(dui)(dui)施(shi)工電(dian)廠的(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)線進(jin)(jin)行(xing)使(shi)用和維(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)時要(yao)按照用電(dian)規(gui)范要(yao)求使(shi)用。所(suo)有(you)(you)的(de)電(dian)箱都(dou)要(yao)有(you)(you)統一的(de)地方安置(zhi)，且要(yao)有(you)(you)危險提示標志，各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)安裝事先進(jin)(jin)行(xing)設(she)計，確保電(dian)纜(lan)、電(dian)線有(you)(you)規(gui)律擺(bai)放，不(bu)出現過度混(hun)亂(luan)的(de)現象。

3.5　制(zhi)定應急預案

篇8

（一）加強安全施(shi)工教育(yu)，強化安全意識和法制意識。

通過(guo)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)教育(yu)培(pei)訓，提(ti)高施(shi)(shi)工管理人(ren)(ren)員和廣(guang)大(da)施(shi)(shi)工人(ren)(ren)員安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工的(de)(de)責任感和自覺(jue)性，增(zeng)強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)意識，掌握安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工的(de)(de)科學知識，增(zeng)強(qiang)自我(wo)防護能(neng)力，使(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)工作適應不斷變(bian)革的(de)(de)形(xing)勢需要。對(dui)(dui)新工人(ren)(ren)開展三級(ji)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)教育(yu)，經(jing)教育(yu)考試合格者才(cai)能(neng)上崗，并記入個人(ren)(ren)檔(dang)案(an)，還應進(jin)行重復性的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)再教育(yu)，以加深對(dui)(dui)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)感性、理性認(ren)識。

（二）建立完(wan)善的安全(quan)施工責任制(zhi)。

企業(ye)應(ying)建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)企業(ye)層(ceng)次(ci)和項(xiang)目層(ceng)次(ci)兩(liang)級安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理機構，并配備足(zu)額的(de)(de)專職安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理人員。建(jian)立較完(wan)善(shan)的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)責任制，抓好安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)責任制的(de)(de)落實工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，尤其是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目部(bu)的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)責任的(de)(de)落實工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。凡是與施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)有(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)部(bu)門和人員，都對保(bao)證施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)負有(you)與其參(can)與情況和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作要求相應(ying)的(de)(de)責任，根(gen)據“安全(quan)(quan)生產，人人有(you)則”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，使安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作崗位(wei)明確(que)、職責清楚，從上而下形成“安全(quan)(quan)壓力”傳遞鏈條，真正落實安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。完(wan)善(shan)安全(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理制度。

（三(san)）加大投入，建立全(quan)面適應安全(quan)施(shi)(shi)工管理(li)的技術(shu)保障體系全(quan)面的安全(quan)施(shi)(shi)工技術(shu)保障包括施(shi)(shi)工安全(quan)技術(shu)措施(shi)(shi)和(he)安全(quan)技術(shu)交底。

電廠(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)時，應(ying)根(gen)據不同的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)方法和(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)采(cai)取相對(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，并且根(gen)據施(shi)(shi)工(gong)和(he)(he)設(she)計的(de)(de)變更，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)要采(cai)取變更和(he)(he)補充，從項目上(shang)保(bao)證(zheng)其安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)企業(ye)要加(jia)大(da)(da)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)投入(ru)，做到組織保(bao)證(zheng)、制(zhi)度保(bao)證(zheng)以及資金、設(she)備的(de)(de)保(bao)證(zheng)，消除安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事故的(de)(de)隱患，抓好科(ke)技創新，加(jia)大(da)(da)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)的(de)(de)科(ke)技投入(ru)，加(jia)大(da)(da)加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)技術(shu)設(she)備的(de)(de)研(yan)究開發、新技術(shu)新工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)推廣和(he)(he)應(ying)用(yong)，用(yong)科(ke)學技術(shu)為(wei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)提供可靠保(bao)障，解決實(shi)際的(de)(de)問題(ti)，全(quan)(quan)面提高(gao)電廠(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)水平。

（四(si)）創(chuang)新(xin)和(he)完(wan)善施工安(an)全管(guan)理的監督機制

據經濟形(xing)勢的(de)(de)發展變化，更新(xin)觀念，轉(zhuan)化角色，使(shi)工(gong)作職能和(he)工(gong)作方式適應(ying)形(xing)勢發展需要。加強安全(quan)(quan)執法隊(dui)伍建(jian)設，將單純的(de)(de)行政(zheng)手段(duan)管(guan)理轉(zhuan)變為(wei)利用(yong)經濟法律等手段(duan)進行管(guan)理。從重點監督(du)(du)檢(jian)查施(shi)工(gong)過程安全(quan)(quan)，轉(zhuan)變為(wei)監督(du)(du)檢(jian)查企(qi)業安全(quan)(quan)責任(ren)制(zhi)的(de)(de)建(jian)立(li)和(he)落實狀(zhuang)況。從以(yi)(yi)告知性檢(jian)查為(wei)主(zhu)，轉(zhuan)變為(wei)以(yi)(yi)隨機(ji)抽查及巡查為(wei)主(zhu)，增大安全(quan)(quan)監管(guan)覆(fu)蓋面。建(jian)立(li)安全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)巡查制(zhi)度和(he)安全(quan)(quan)例會制(zhi)度，將監督(du)(du)檢(jian)查與行政(zheng)處罰結合，利用(yong)信(xin)息網絡技術，建(jian)立(li)企(qi)業安全(quan)(quan)信(xin)用(yong)系統，以(yi)(yi)達到構建(jian)“政(zheng)府統一領導，部門依(yi)法監督(du)(du)，企(qi)業全(quan)(quan)面負(fu)責，群眾監督(du)(du)參與，社會廣泛(fan)支(zhi)持(chi)”的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)格局。

二、加強電廠(chang)施工質量管理的措施

當前,質(zhi)量關系到企(qi)業(ye)的(de)生存,在(zai)電(dian)廠(chang)施工(gong)過程中(zhong),影響施工(gong)質(zhi)量的(de)因(yin)素是多方面的(de)。施工(gong)管理者(zhe)只有(you)事先預測到影響電(dian)廠(chang)施工(gong)質(zhi)量的(de)諸因(yin)素,在(zai)管理中(zhong)針對這(zhe)些因(yin)素采取有(you)效的(de)控制措施,才(cai)可能實現電(dian)廠(chang)施工(gong)質(zhi)量管理的(de)目(mu)標。所(suo)以(yi),電(dian)力施工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)管理應做好以(yi)下幾(ji)方面的(de)工(gong)作:

（一）建立質(zhi)量管控體系和制度

為了(le)(le)保(bao)證工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang),施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位(wei)必(bi)須設(she)置專管(guan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的機構。專管(guan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的機構的職能是對工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的檢(jian)(jian)查、監督和管(guan)理(li)。在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)中,施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位(wei)通(tong)常應建立(li)圖(tu)紙會(hui)審制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)自檢(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)互檢(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、專管(guan)人(ren)員檢(jian)(jian)查制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、工(gong)序(xu)及工(gong)種間交接驗(yan)收(shou)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、隱蔽工(gong)程現場(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查簽證制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、階段(duan)施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)評(ping)定(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、工(gong)程終了(le)(le)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)評(ping)定(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)記錄(lu)填(tian)報制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)、設(she)備(bei)及原材料采購及驗(yan)收(shou)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)等(deng)等(deng)。這些制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)上都是必(bi)要(yao)的。

（二(er)）施工中的(de)質量管(guan)理

1、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)。針對(dui)(dui)可能影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素,必(bi)須(xu)在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中各(ge)個施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)節采取有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),嚴格控制,以保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。針對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素和(he)勞(lao)動組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)(qian),項目(mu)經理(li)(li)要組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)目(mu)標(biao)分(fen)解,將分(fen)解目(mu)標(biao)下達各(ge)個施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)班組(zu)(zu),各(ge)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)班組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)班長要根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體情(qing)況,按工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)難易(yi)程(cheng)(cheng)度配(pei)置相適(shi)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員,對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)班組(zu)(zu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)優化勞(lao)動組(zu)(zu)合;在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)各(ge)專業之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)紙會審(shen),以便提(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)把設(she)計(ji)圖(tu)紙中影響(xiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)暴露(lu)出(chu)來,做好事(shi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)控制;針對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小難易(yi)程(cheng)(cheng)度,要編(bian)制施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案,提(ti)出(chu)科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝,選用適(shi)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機械、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju),從技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)上(shang)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)目(mu)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案要集思(si)廣(guang)益組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)有關人(ren)(ren)員討(tao)論,并經有關的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、質(zhi)量(liang)負責人(ren)(ren)會簽(qian);為(wei)了(le)使施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員熟練掌握工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)圖(tu)紙和(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)規范,工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員要向(xiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)圖(tu)紙、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收規范的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、質(zhi)量(liang)交底。對(dui)(dui)重大工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)及未施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過的(de)(de)(de)(de)新項目(mu),要在調研基(ji)礎上(shang)編(bian)制施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案,向(xiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員交底或進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)培(pei)訓,待施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員透徹地(di)掌握了(le)新方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa),新工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝之(zhi)后(hou)上(shang)崗,確保(bao)(bao)質(zhi)量(liang)。總之(zhi),施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)要強(qiang)化質(zhi)量(liang)意識明確質(zhi)量(liang)目(mu)標(biao)落實(shi)質(zhi)量(liang)責任。

2、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的管理(li)。電廠(chang)建設施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)管理(li)的重點是(shi)按(an)圖(tu)紙,施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及驗收規范(fan)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),要嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準,嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)管理(li)制(zhi)度(du),嚴格按(an)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、監督(du)。根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程進度(du),在(zai)各施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階(jie)段(duan)進行(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)評(ping)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,實(shi)行(xing)獎優罰(fa)劣。同時把出現(xian)的質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)處(chu)理(li)在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)階(jie)段(duan),以(yi)免工(gong)(gong)(gong)程項目完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后,留(liu)下難(nan)以(yi)處(chu)理(li)的質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)(ti);在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進行(xing)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),發(fa)現(xian)圖(tu)紙、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)上方法(fa)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝上有(you)問題(ti)(ti)要及時變更、調整(zheng);隱蔽上程、重大設備的檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)等實(shi)行(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)人員,專業技術(shu)人員,施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員、監理(li)人員現(xian)場(chang)共同檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)會簽。否則施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員不得掩埋、遮蓋。對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)其它影(ying)響質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的因素應及時控制(zhi)。

3、采購(gou)及(ji)現場(chang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理。采購(gou)應派專(zhuan)業人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)認真采購(gou),要(yao)有合(he)格證(zheng),簽訂采購(gou)合(he)同(tong)時,合(he)同(tong)中(zhong)必須有保證(zheng)質量,約束廠(chang)商的(de)條款。采購(gou)的(de)施工材料到現場(chang)前必須經(jing)施工管(guan)(guan)(guan)理及(ji)施工人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)驗收(shou)(shou)，并按規定進行(xing)抽(chou)檢(jian)。不(bu)合(he)格的(de)材料不(bu)得堅決不(bu)能使用。進人(ren)(ren)現場(chang)后要(yao)有專(zhuan)人(ren)(ren)簽收(shou)(shou)并保管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

4、試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)管理。電廠(chang)(chang)安裝(zhuang)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)完成后,要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)，試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)是對電廠(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)置安裝(zhuang)質量的(de)(de)檢驗。在(zai)試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)過程中及(ji)時處理運(yun)行(xing)(xing)中出現的(de)(de)問題,使電廠(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)符合圖紙及(ji)技(ji)術規范的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。電廠(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)置試(shi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)后通(tong)過驗收(shou)移交使用單位,施(shi)工(gong)單位在(zai)保(bao)修期內要做好質量跟蹤服(fu)務工(gong)作(zuo)。

三、加強(qiang)電廠建設進度(du)控制的策略

電廠施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任務是依據(ju)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)合同對施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求來(lai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du),進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應視項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點和(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要,編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)、指導(dao)性(xing)(xing)和(he)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua),以及(ji)(ji)按不(bu)同計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)周期(qi)(qi)(年度(du)(du)(du)(du)、季度(du)(du)(du)(du)、月度(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)旬(xun))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)等。以往(wang)(wang)做(zuo)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),各(ge)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)隊、各(ge)專業(ye)會按工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)總要求做(zuo)自(zi)己相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua),但(dan)(dan)這些(xie)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)是分別編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)對獨(du)立(li)而互不(bu)聯系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua),形(xing)成(cheng)不(bu)了(le)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)系統,這帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是這個(ge)專業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)序完成(cheng)了(le),但(dan)(dan)卻與下個(ge)專業(ye)銜接不(bu)起來(lai),最終可能未能縮(suo)短工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)反而可能會令工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)延誤。項目經理,應該統籌(chou)管理,統一(yi)安排,根(gen)據(ju)總工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)要求編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)綜合進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)及(ji)(ji)各(ge)個(ge)專業(ye)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua),以期(qi)(qi)達到最終目標。

篇9

關鍵詞：化工(gong)安全(quan)教育(yu)；創新；方法

安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，是(shi)(shi)企(qi)業(ye)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)作生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最基(ji)本要(yao)(yao)求，是(shi)(shi)各行(xing)各業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎保障(zhang)，更是(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)永恒而重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)議題。從個人(ren)(ren)、企(qi)業(ye)到政策法規，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)毋庸置疑，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)時代進(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體現。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)各地化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次又(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“爆炸泄漏事(shi)故(gu)”，例如(ru)天津(jin)港事(shi)件(jian)，江西電(dian)廠(chang)坍塌事(shi)件(jian)。爆炸后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷(shang)(shang)員，不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)道有(you)(you)多少(shao)人(ren)(ren)在事(shi)故(gu)中離(li)開了親人(ren)(ren)好(hao)(hao)友，逝者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)去帶給我們無(wu)(wu)盡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)悲傷(shang)(shang)，人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命是(shi)(shi)多么的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脆(cui)弱，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命對我們每個人(ren)(ren)只有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次對個人(ren)(ren)和家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)無(wu)(wu)法彌補(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災難。安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育培訓(xun)是(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點內容之一(yi)(yi)(yi)，是(shi)(shi)為安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作提(ti)供(gong)思想、智力和能(neng)(neng)力保證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎性、經(jing)常性工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。蝴蝶效(xiao)應告訴我們，一(yi)(yi)(yi)只蝴蝶在南美扇動翅膀，幾個月后(hou)在北美可能(neng)(neng)刮起(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)颶風。同樣道理(li)(li)，企(qi)業(ye)能(neng)(neng)否做(zuo)到長效(xiao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，是(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)受到少(shao)數(shu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)識淡薄、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識缺(que)乏(fa)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。我國(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)行(xing)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)事(shi)故(gu)多發(fa)(fa)(fa)，有(you)(you)其(qi)特(te)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)、客觀原因(yin)，化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)有(you)(you)助于化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，有(you)(you)助于化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)加強安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)減少(shao)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失提(ti)高經(jing)濟效(xiao)益推進(jin)現代化(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，有(you)(you)助于政府主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)部門進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步掌握(wo)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi)為制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)宏觀政策提(ti)供(gong)決策依(yi)據。常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)問題及原因(yin)甚多，其(qi)中人(ren)(ren)為因(yin)素是(shi)(shi)造(zao)成事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)原因(yin)，例如(ru)，人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)行(xing)為、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制(zhi)度執行(xing)不(bu)(bu)到位、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)資料滯(zhi)后(hou)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)設(she)(she)備設(she)(she)施陳舊等(deng)。由此可見好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育尤為重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)，要(yao)(yao)強化(hua)(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，要(yao)(yao)牢固樹立(li)“安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)、預防(fang)為主(zhu)(zhu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想，這是(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作方針(zhen)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)長期安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗總結(jie)，對于化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)具(ju)有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)意(yi)(yi)義，必須(xu)不(bu)(bu)折不(bu)(bu)扣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貫徹(che)執行(xing)。正如(ru)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育可以(yi)使國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)富(fu)強，人(ren)(ren)民和諧(xie)，社會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)，好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育可以(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)防(fang)止(zhi)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)事(shi)故(gu)。

1目前化工安全教育中(zhong)存在問題

1．1應試教育下形成(cheng)的意識的障礙

應試(shi)教育(yu)下，員工只是被動的接受(shou)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識，許多安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)問題由(you)于并為親(qin)身經歷，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)產生共鳴，而安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)考試(shi)的分數也(ye)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)如實反(fan)映員工對(dui)于安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的理解(jie)。

1．2安全思想不能完全深入人心

員(yuan)工是安(an)全教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)動(dong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)主體，教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)對象是人(ren)(ren)，對人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)本質認識最(zui)能(neng)深層次的(de)(de)(de)影響教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)行為(wei)。員(yuan)工作為(wei)獨立的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)，他們有獨立的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)格(ge)思想，有著主動(dong)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)積極本質，他們需要啟發(fa)性的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)而(er)不是強行灌輸。

1．3安全教(jiao)育紙(zhi)上(shang)談兵員工缺乏(fa)應急能力(li)

有些安(an)全(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)只(zhi)讓(rang)(rang)員工(gong)擁(yong)有了理論能力，卻在實際(ji)生產與(yu)事故(gu)中(zhong)缺乏應急(ji)能力，事故(gu)具有突發(fa)性，會(hui)讓(rang)(rang)員工(gong)精神緊張(zhang)從而忘記接受過的(de)安(an)全(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)，應讓(rang)(rang)教(jiao)育(yu)進(jin)入實踐中(zhong)去(qu)，讓(rang)(rang)安(an)全(quan)深(shen)入人們的(de)精神。

2安全教育深度

這里所(suo)說的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育深(shen)度(du)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)理念和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)對安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)(shi)的講解(jie)(jie)深(shen)度(du)。化工(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)崗位安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)(shi)的深(shen)度(du)對員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)有很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)的影響。以氮(dan)氣(qi)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)的原理為例，很(hen)(hen)多員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)理解(jie)(jie)氮(dan)氣(qi)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)的嚴重(zhong)性，這里有認識(shi)(shi)的誤區。首先，氮(dan)氣(qi)無(wu)毒、無(wu)害，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)量(liang)(liang)79％，有些(xie)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)使用(yong)氮(dan)氣(qi)，無(wu)任何(he)影響。甚至(zhi)有人認為正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)人憋氣(qi)3～4分鐘是(shi)(shi)很(hen)(hen)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)的事(shi)情，氮(dan)氣(qi)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)有些(xie)危(wei)言聳(song)聽。所(suo)以對氮(dan)氣(qi)放松了警惕，影響氮(dan)氣(qi)使用(yong)的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)，即便進(jin)行安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育也(ye)達不(bu)(bu)到效(xiao)果。這就(jiu)屬于對安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)(shi)學習深(shen)度(du)不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)，自我經(jing)驗(yan)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)先入為主。成年(nian)人安(an)(an)(an)(an)靜時(shi)需氧(yang)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)約250ml／min，我國成年(nian)人男子肺活量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)約2300ml，成年(nian)女子肺活量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)約1800ml。空(kong)氣(qi)氧(yang)含(han)量(liang)(liang)20．9％，人體呼氣(qi)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氧(yang)含(han)量(liang)(liang)16％，肺中(zhong)中(zhong)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氧(yang)濃度(du)在(zai)19．5％左右。所(suo)以氧(yang)濃度(du)低于這個值，開始進(jin)入窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)缺(que)氧(yang)，就(jiu)已經(jing)相當(dang)于開始憋氣(qi)了。但此時(shi)呼吸(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)的，很(hen)(hen)難意(yi)識(shi)(shi)到自己已處于危(wei)險之(zhi)中(zhong)。如(ru)果是(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)入高濃度(du)氮(dan)氣(qi)，肺中(zhong)氧(yang)濃度(du)可(ke)能瞬間降到10％以下，血液(ye)中(zhong)氧(yang)分壓(ya)高于肺部氧(yang)分壓(ya)，血液(ye)無(wu)法從肺部獲得氧(yang)氣(qi)，甚至(zhi)出現(xian)反向(xiang)擴散(san)，吸(xi)(xi)入者(zhe)瞬間昏迷。所(suo)以，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)(shi)的學習深(shen)度(du)很(hen)(hen)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。一旦發現(xian)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)要(yao)(yao)求與生產、生活經(jing)驗(yan)不(bu)(bu)協調時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)加深(shen)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)(shi)的培(pei)訓，從理論上、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)上讓員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)的認同危(wei)害的存在(zai)。

3安全(quan)教育的必要性(xing)

所以(yi)避免事故發(fa)生的最有(you)效方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)消除(chu)危險因素。針對以(yi)上(shang)因素，可以(yi)通過多種手段來加強安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)。首先必須以(yi)人(ren)為本(ben)，加強人(ren)的教(jiao)育(yu)和管理；其次是(shi)(shi)改變教(jiao)育(yu)形式(shi)，補充(chong)完善技術資(zi)料，健全(quan)(quan)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)體系，做到安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)在(zai)心中。只有(you)牢固(gu)樹立(li)“安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產，人(ren)人(ren)有(you)責”的安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識、建立(li)有(you)效管理機(ji)制，提高安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)水(shui)平，落實責任、各司其職，互相(xiang)監督，才能確保化工行(xing)業又(you)快又(you)好地健康發(fa)展(zhan)。

4化工創新性安全教(jiao)育(yu)

什么(me)叫創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)？創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)沖(chong)破陳規舊(jiu)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羈絆(ban)，創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)出(chu)(chu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)現實(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)(yi)義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)念、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理(li)(li)論、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)方法(fa)(fa)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)品等(deng)(deng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事物(wu)。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)讓(rang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)深(shen)入(ru)(ru)人(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)。在(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)世(shi)紀(ji)里，要(yao)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)知(zhi)識(shi)經濟時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)，迎(ying)接(jie)(jie)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)革(ge)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)挑(tiao)戰，讓(rang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行業(ye)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，就(jiu)必(bi)須“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”二字(zi)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)”出(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)“培(pei)養(yang)”出(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。為(wei)(wei)此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)大力推進(jin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)方法(fa)(fa)使(shi)(shi)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)得到(dao)(dao)提(ti)(ti)高也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。要(yao)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)首先要(yao)轉變(bian)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)念，提(ti)(ti)倡(chang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作并(bing)接(jie)(jie)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)。因此(ci)就(jiu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該轉變(bian)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)念。如(ru)今的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會是(shi)(shi)(shi)信息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)，知(zhi)識(shi)達到(dao)(dao)爆炸性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，一(yi)(yi)兩次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)獲得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)很有(you)(you)(you)(you)限，很難有(you)(you)(you)(you)效地(di)運用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)整個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)要(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)身教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，深(shen)入(ru)(ru)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，點(dian)滴(di)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，并(bing)讓(rang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)獨(du)立(li)判斷、獨(du)立(li)處理(li)(li)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)人(ren)人(ren)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)監(jian)(jian)督，營造(zao)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氛圍，因材(cai)施教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，針(zhen)對(dui)本(ben)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)與(yu)建設，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)充分深(shen)入(ru)(ru)人(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，提(ti)(ti)升個(ge)人(ren)對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)。其(qi)(qi)次(ci)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)自我(wo)(wo)(wo)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)，互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)制(zhi)度。擺(bai)脫(tuo)“傳授———接(jie)(jie)受”這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模式，人(ren)人(ren)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)監(jian)(jian)督能(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)制(zhi)度環(huan)境(jing)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)，洪洞營造(zao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)氛圍。要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效地(di)推進(jin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，就(jiu)必(bi)須實(shi)(shi)(shi)現安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)制(zhi)度創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，這(zhe)點(dian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)向發(fa)達國家(jia)看齊(qi)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)內(nei)內(nei)部管(guan)理(li)(li)體制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)，深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)負責(ze)制(zhi)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)要(yao)開(kai)設各種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活動(dong)，讓(rang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。總之，要(yao)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)擴大安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)容，深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)內(nei)部管(guan)理(li)(li)體制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)，自我(wo)(wo)(wo)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)，互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)約(yue)(yue)束(shu)。讓(rang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識(shi)積累作基礎，參與(yu)各種(zhong)(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)活動(dong)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)督體制(zhi)，做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)“我(wo)(wo)(wo)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”。然后(hou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主導者與(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐者。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)決定(ding)了(le)(le)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度，決定(ding)了(le)(le)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度。能(neng)(neng)(neng)否擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)支高層次(ci)、高水平(ping)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)富有(you)(you)(you)(you)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)精神和(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)隊伍(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)否安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)走下去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)。如(ru)何造(zao)就(jiu)一(yi)(yi)支適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)理(li)(li)團(tuan)隊呢？應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)從以(yi)(yi)(yi)下幾點(dian)做(zuo)起：第一(yi)(yi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)使(shi)(shi)團(tuan)隊處在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)終(zhong)身學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態中(zhong)(zhong)。俗話說“活到(dao)(dao)老，學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)到(dao)(dao)老”，化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)發(fa)展(zhan)極(ji)快，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)本(ben)身也(ye)(ye)要(yao)跟隨潮流(liu)，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)充分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)。應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參加(jia)(jia)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)與(yu)進(jin)修(xiu)，必(bi)須使(shi)(shi)他(ta)們(men)處在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)永不(bu)休止(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)狀態中(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高自身層次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)要(yao)掌握廣博的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)知(zhi)識(shi)，善于(yu)(yu)吸收最(zui)(zui)(zui)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)及(ji)科(ke)研(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)，并(bing)將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)積極(ji)運用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)。第二，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)運用(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)方法(fa)(fa)及(ji)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)進(jin)行安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)網絡教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，紀(ji)錄片教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)效加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)站在(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)最(zui)(zui)(zui)前沿(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識(shi)傳播者，只有(you)(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)樣(yang)，才能(neng)(neng)(neng)培(pei)養(yang)出(chu)(chu)合格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。第三，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)思(si)想要(yao)堅定(ding)并(bing)與(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)同步。只有(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)最(zui)(zui)(zui)先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)思(si)想武(wu)裝自己，用(yong)(yong)最(zui)(zui)(zui)堅定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，管(guan)理(li)(li)方法(fa)(fa)在(zai)(zai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)。才能(neng)(neng)(neng)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。電子技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)(he)國際互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)連網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迅速發(fa)展(zhan)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)無法(fa)(fa)比擬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性(xing)，這(zhe)樣(yang)也(ye)(ye)給安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)帶來了(le)(le)影(ying)響，為(wei)(wei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)了(le)(le)更(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)便利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)，提(ti)(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)嶄新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視野和(he)(he)更(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)臺。①計(ji)算機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)足不(bu)出(chu)(chu)戶接(jie)(jie)受到(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，也(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)(geng)直觀(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)解(jie)到(dao)(dao)各種(zhong)(zhong)事故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害性(xing)。②高級(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)軟件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)與(yu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)為(wei)(wei)更(geng)(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施因材(cai)施教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)模擬事故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，讓(rang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)身臨(lin)其(qi)(qi)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感受到(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)對(dui)突發(fa)事件(jian)也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)得心(xin)(xin)(xin)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)手。③國際互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)通為(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源共(gong)享帶來了(le)(le)契機(ji)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)更(geng)(geng)直接(jie)(jie)、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)追(zhui)蹤國內(nei)外化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，不(bu)斷更(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)自己對(dui)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)解(jie)、擴展(zhan)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)識(shi)。

5結論

安全(quan)教育要(yao)結合所處行業的(de)具(ju)體情況與時(shi)俱進，通過(guo)創(chuang)新，知識(shi)拓展與深(shen)化講解(jie)，重視員工安全(quan)學習能力的(de)培養，將安全(quan)教育落到實(shi)處。

［參考文獻］

［1］張廷(ting)竹，吳春江．化工安全(quan)生產管理應做好四個“把關”［J］．浙江化工，2006，37（8）：21～22．

［2］陳(chen)伶浪(lang)．當(dang)前(qian)中(zhong)小企業(ye)安(an)全生產方面存在的問(wen)題及(ji)建議［J］．中(zhong)國勞動關系學院學報(bao)，2005，2（19）：30～31．

［3］李(li)艷(yan)敏，鄭昌(chang)元．化工企業安全管(guan)理淺談［J］．科技資訊，2009，117（28）：144～145．

［4］王兵．加強化工(gong)企業生產(chan)(chan)安全管理(li)問題(ti)探討(tao)［J］．中國新技術(shu)新產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，2009，114（21）：121～122．

［5］魏振(zhen)樞．化(hua)(hua)工(gong)安全技術概論(lun)［M］．北京．化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業出版(ban)社，2006，（7）．

［6］高(gao)有(you)方．化工(gong)企業(ye)安全生產管理(li)的探討［J］．中國高(gao)新技術企業(ye)，2008，46（18）：59～60．

篇10

一、班組精細化管理要做到日(ri)常工作精細化

班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)細化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是一項(xiang)系統工(gong)程(cheng)，只有不斷探索，持之(zhi)以(yi)恒，扎(zha)實推進，才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)獲得(de)實效，因此(ci)，班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)日常工(gong)作必須(xu)進行(xing)精(jing)細化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，要強化(hua)精(jing)細化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)意識(shi)，求真務實，從(cong)點(dian)滴做(zuo)(zuo)起，大(da)處著眼，小處著手，腳踏實地，采取(qu)各種措(cuo)施節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)耗，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低生(sheng)(sheng)產成(cheng)本。運行(xing)班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)精(jing)細化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)主要是節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)耗方面的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作，在保證安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)前提條件下，優化(hua)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)運行(xing)方式，杜絕浪費，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低各項(xiang)損(sun)失、機組(zu)(zu)(zu)各項(xiang)指標(biao)、參數必須(xu)控(kong)制在月(yue)度計劃指標(biao)范(fan)圍內(nei)，爭取(qu)把月(yue)度小指標(biao)做(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)更好(hao)，以(yi)最(zui)小的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本獲取(qu)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟利益。要做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)這(zhe)一點(dian)，必須(xu)全(quan)面貫徹、安全(quan)第一，預防(fang)為主，綜合(he)治理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)方針，在安全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)控(kong)制上必須(xu)精(jing)細，做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)細之(zhi)又細、嚴之(zhi)又嚴，經(jing)濟指標(biao)沒有完(wan)成(cheng)，就要責任(ren)到(dao)(dao)人，只有這(zhe)樣(yang)才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提高全(quan)員的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)意識(shi)，才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)群策群力，共(gong)同(tong)把節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)耗工(gong)作做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)前列，才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)把班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)好(hao)，班(ban)(ban)(ban)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)文明生(sheng)(sheng)產做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)了(le)，才(cai)(cai)(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保證獲得(de)最(zui)大(da)經(jing)濟利益。違(wei)(wei)章治理(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)從(cong)不同(tong)層面開展。班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)是各項(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)產任(ren)務的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接執行(xing)者，他們在生(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)中如不嚴格執行(xing)各項(xiang)規(gui)程(cheng)，很可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)直(zhi)接導致安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產事故的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，因此(ci)對(dui)班(ban)(ban)(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)及生(sheng)(sheng)產人員應(ying)從(cong)違(wei)(wei)章作業、違(wei)(wei)反勞動(dong)紀(ji)律出(chu)發(fa)，嚴格整治作業性違(wei)(wei)章。

二、班組精細化(hua)管理要突出(chu)安全目標

在(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育方(fang)面，對剛剛步入(ru)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)新入(ru)廠人員(yuan)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)從基本的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識(shi)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)規程(cheng)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技能開(kai)始，嚴格按照“三級教育”，保(bao)時(shi)、保(bao)質(zhi)、保(bao)量，逐一、逐級過關，把(ba)好入(ru)廠安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)教育門檻，真正落實(shi)(shi)(shi)“先(xian)培訓，后上崗”制(zhi)度(du)。沒有(you)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，就(jiu)沒有(you)努力方(fang)向，要(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)出班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，發(fa)(fa)揮班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)責(ze)任管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)功能，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)與(yu)生產每月目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)良性(xing)循環，在(zai)(zai)此過程(cheng)中，必須注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)、分(fen)解、實(shi)(shi)(shi)施、考核環節，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)責(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)切合實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)，根據上級部(bu)門有(you)關精神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導。形成個人向班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)、班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)向部(bu)門、部(bu)門向公(gong)司保(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)層次管理(li)，著重(zhong)(zhong)加強各級人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任感，同時(shi)激發(fa)(fa)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)職工(gong)潛在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極(ji)性(xing)、主動性(xing)，努力實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)化(hua)(hua)、內容規范化(hua)(hua)、基礎工(gong)作(zuo)制(zhi)度(du)化(hua)(hua)，班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)考核要(yao)(yao)(yao)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)責(ze)任制(zhi)掛鉤，班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)管理(li)是(shi)整(zheng)個班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)建(jian)設中的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成部(bu)分(fen)，只有(you)把(ba)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)了，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)基礎才能更夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)，重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)防微杜漸(jian)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)不斷提高(gao)精細化(hua)(hua)管理(li)水(shui)平。

三、班組精(jing)細化管(guan)理要將事故控制在萌芽狀(zhuang)態

監(jian)督檢(jian)查是安(an)全(quan)管理(li)(li)(li)工作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)可缺(que)少的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)，是消除(chu)隱患，防(fang)止(zhi)事故(gu)(gu)發生(sheng)(sheng)，改善勞動條件的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)手段。加強(qiang)監(jian)督檢(jian)查精細(xi)化管理(li)(li)(li)，通過(guo)對生(sheng)(sheng)產過(guo)程每個(ge)細(xi)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)嚴格監(jian)督和(he)控制，及(ji)時查堵漏洞，及(ji)時發現并消除(chu)所(suo)存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)安(an)全(quan)隱患，將事故(gu)(gu)控制在(zai)(zai)萌芽(ya)狀(zhuang)態。在(zai)(zai)發電生(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)，對于(yu)運行(xing)班(ban)組來(lai)說，最基本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)任務就是監(jian)視、分(fen)(fen)析(xi)、操作(zuo)(zuo)調整。在(zai)(zai)日(ri)常工作(zuo)(zuo)時，各大(da)管理(li)(li)(li)者和(he)相(xiang)關操作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)都要(yao)認(ren)真(zhen)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)操作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)薄弱環節(jie)和(he)容易出現的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，對重點、難點、危險(xian)(xian)(xian)點進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，逐項(xiang)列(lie)出對策，讓每個(ge)人(ren)都清(qing)楚，以(yi)此(ci)來(lai)提高防(fang)人(ren)身(shen)、防(fang)設備及(ji)事故(gu)(gu)處理(li)(li)(li)能力，達(da)到危險(xian)(xian)(xian)預知，確(que)保操作(zuo)(zuo)無(wu)誤(wu)。例(li)如電氣的(de)(de)(de)倒(dao)閘操作(zuo)(zuo)、鍋爐、汽輪機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)啟停(ting)、危險(xian)(xian)(xian)品(pin)化學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)使用等等，在(zai)(zai)具體操作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)必須有專(zhuan)人(ren)監(jian)護操作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過(guo)程，要(yao)對每一(yi)項(xiang)操作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)環節(jie)進行(xing)剖(pou)析(xi)，從中(zhong)(zhong)找出人(ren)為的(de)(de)(de)、設備的(de)(de)(de)、環境的(de)(de)(de)以(yi)及(ji)管理(li)(li)(li)方面的(de)(de)(de)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)點，把(ba)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)點控制起(qi)來(lai)，就可以(yi)做到防(fang)患于(yu)未然(ran)。將危險(xian)(xian)(xian)點分(fen)(fen)析(xi)和(he)預控養成一(yi)種習(xi)慣，形成一(yi)種制度，使班(ban)組安(an)全(quan)管理(li)(li)(li)進一(yi)步系(xi)統(tong)化、規(gui)范化。

四、班組精細化(hua)管理應以人為本

人(ren)(ren)是生產力(li)中最(zui)活躍的因素，也是關鍵因素“以人(ren)(ren)為本”抓好班組精細化管理應注重五點：

一是民(min)主(zhu)管理，以理服人(ren)(ren)。有事要多同班組人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)商(shang)量(liang)，征求班組人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)意見，征求班委會的(de)意見，集思廣益，不(bu)搞一個人(ren)(ren)說了算，工(gong)(gong)作中出現了問題要主(zhu)動地(di)承擔責任，要尊重職工(gong)(gong)，不(bu)以權勢壓人(ren)(ren)。

二是(shi)注(zhu)意溝通，以情(qing)感人。工作中有了(le)(le)矛(mao)盾，不要回避(bi)，要誠(cheng)懇(ken)、耐(nai)心(xin)地去溝通交流，要注(zhu)重團結那些對(dui)自己有意見的(de)同志，職(zhi)工有了(le)(le)困難你(ni)要主(zhu)動的(de)、熱心(xin)的(de)幫(bang)助。

三(san)是要(yao)多注意發(fa)(fa)現優點(dian)，不要(yao)吝嗇表(biao)揚，工(gong)(gong)作中不要(yao)只盯著職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)的缺(que)(que)點(dian)，要(yao)注意發(fa)(fa)現優點(dian)，引(yin)導(dao)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)改正缺(que)(que)點(dian)，表(biao)揚是最不要(yao)成(cheng)本的一種激勵方法(fa)。

四是要培養(yang)職工樹立班組(zu)(zu)的集體(ti)觀念。班組(zu)(zu)的收入、榮(rong)譽(yu)取決于班組(zu)(zu)的每個成員，要樹立團(tuan)隊意識，團(tuan)結一起干好工作。

五(wu)是制度面前人(ren)人(ren)平等，沒(mei)有特殊人(ren)、特殊事(shi)。安(an)(an)全是由人(ren)去實(shi)現的，要(yao)抓安(an)(an)全，就要(yao)抓住(zhu)人(ren)心，只有抓住(zhu)人(ren)心安(an)(an)全才有保障，因此，日常工(gong)(gong)作中，時刻本著對(dui)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)負責的態度，隨(sui)時掌握員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)的思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)動態，經常找(zhao)釘子戶(hu)談心，以耐心、愛心教育他(ta)們，以心換心，使他(ta)們深(shen)(shen)深(shen)(shen)領(ling)會(hui)到(dao)，安(an)(an)全就是為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)自己(ji)，為(wei)(wei)自己(ji)就是為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)家庭，為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)家庭就是為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)企業，為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)企業就是為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)社會(hui)，把安(an)(an)全教育觸及到(dao)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)靈(ling)魂的深(shen)(shen)處(chu)，把每個(ge)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)都(dou)融入到(dao)班組(zu)這(zhe)個(ge)大家庭中來，讓(rang)每個(ge)人(ren)都(dou)能享受這(zhe)個(ge)大家庭的溫暖，激發職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)的士氣，使人(ren)人(ren)都(dou)想(xiang)(xiang)要(yao)爭當安(an)(an)全標(biao)兵的思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)意識(shi)，這(zhe)些做(zuo)到(dao)了(le)(le)，安(an)(an)全工(gong)(gong)作就沒(mei)有做(zuo)不好的[1]。

五、班組精細化管(guan)理(li)離(li)不開(kai)崗位(wei)技(ji)能培訓

培訓(xun)(xun)計劃應(ying)結合(he)企業(ye)總體規(gui)劃，依據生(sheng)產和(he)管(guan)理動(dong)態、生(sheng)產薄(bo)弱環節、崗(gang)位技術需求、職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)文化(hua)層次和(he)素(su)(su)質等(deng)(deng)(deng)制訂。要從五(wu)年大綱到(dao)(dao)年度(du)計劃逐年分解，再通(tong)過月度(du)計劃細(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)和(he)補充，明確(que)培訓(xun)(xun)內容、形(xing)式(shi)、時間(jian)和(he)目標，使培訓(xun)(xun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)得以(yi)(yi)合(he)理精細(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)布置，為(wei)(wei)培訓(xun)(xun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)持(chi)續有(you)(you)效(xiao)實(shi)施(shi)提供保障(zhang)。通(tong)過事故預想、安全(quan)(quan)(quan)活動(dong)、反事故演習(xi)(xi)、安全(quan)(quan)(quan)警示、業(ye)余自學(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)(deng)多種形(xing)式(shi)和(he)方(fang)法，有(you)(you)針對(dui)性地對(dui)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)、安全(quan)(quan)(quan)知識(shi)和(he)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)技能(neng)培訓(xun)(xun)。在時間(jian)上(shang)，要有(you)(you)長(chang)期(qi)規(gui)劃，短期(qi)安排(pai)，要根(gen)據形(xing)勢(shi)和(he)任務的(de)需要及時調整計劃，及時總結事故經驗、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)訓(xun)(xun)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案(an)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)宣講，對(dui)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)警示，在方(fang)式(shi)上(shang)要突出(chu)以(yi)(yi)班組為(wei)(wei)單(dan)位的(de)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)和(he)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)，對(dui)在崗(gang)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)技術交底、如(ru)何做好安全(quan)(quan)(quan)措施(shi)、如(ru)何杜(du)絕違章現(xian)象(xiang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面進(jin)(jin)行(xing)培訓(xun)(xun)，注重從實(shi)際(ji)出(chu)發，突出(chu)個性，因地制宜，加強各專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)業(ye)務知識(shi)培訓(xun)(xun)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)、運行(xing)操(cao)作(zuo)規(gui)程的(de)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)及會畫專(zhuan)業(ye)系統圖等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。為(wei)(wei)合(he)理安排(pai)培訓(xun)(xun)時間(jian)，避免工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)矛(mao)盾，可(ke)采取(qu)課堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)、現(xian)場(chang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)、網上(shang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)、技術示范(fan)、外請(qing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)和(he)外送培訓(xun)(xun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)多種方(fang)式(shi)，結合(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)題、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)案(an)例、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)考試(shi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)措施(shi)，循序漸進(jin)(jin)。通(tong)過廣泛而深(shen)入地教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)培訓(xun)(xun)，讓每位職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)做到(dao)(dao)應(ying)知、應(ying)會，真正達到(dao)(dao)懂技術、通(tong)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)、會管(guan)理。要切切實(shi)實(shi)把培訓(xun)(xun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)做精、做細(xi)(xi)(xi)、做實(shi)，使職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍(wu)整體素(su)(su)質和(he)企業(ye)管(guan)理水平逐漸得以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)[2]。

六、積極推行在現場實施班組長安全精細化管理(li)

安(an)(an)全精細化(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)最直接的(de)落實者和執行(xing)者應該是(shi)(shi)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)長。在監督檢查(cha)(cha)工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，不(bu)能只限(xian)于對表面(mian)問(wen)題的(de)檢查(cha)(cha)和整改，更重要的(de)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)過檢查(cha)(cha)對發現的(de)問(wen)題進行(xing)分析和總結(jie)，查(cha)(cha)找深層(ceng)次原因，并從根本上(shang)加以解決，以彌補管(guan)理(li)中(zhong)的(de)不(bu)足和漏洞，進一(yi)步(bu)提高管(guan)理(li)水(shui)平。大唐韓城第二發電有限(xian)責任(ren)公司加大了(le)基層(ceng)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)建設力(li)度(du)，進一(yi)步(bu)明確(que)了(le)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)長的(de)責、權、利，出臺了(le)月度(du)優(you)秀班(ban)組(zu)(zu)長評選辦法，制定了(le)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)長考核(he)細則，重要的(de)一(yi)點是(shi)(shi)把(ba)學習運用了(le)班(ban)組(zu)(zu)長工(gong)(gong)作職責標準進行(xing)要求、檢查(cha)(cha)和考核(he)。我(wo)們的(de)“六個三(san)”工(gong)(gong)作法即“三(san)勤(qin)、三(san)細、三(san)到位、三(san)不(bu)少、三(san)必(bi)談、三(san)提高” 運用到了(le)實際工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，保證班(ban)組(zu)(zu)實現了(le)安(an)(an)全精細化(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)。