智能建造技術城市更新探索
時間:2023-03-22 17:49:02
導語:智(zhi)能建造技術城(cheng)市更新探(tan)索一文來源于網友上(shang)傳,不代表本站觀點,若需要原創文章可咨(zi)詢客服老師,歡(huan)迎參(can)考(kao)。
【摘要】城市更新過程普遍伴有施工周期長,設計要求高,建設難度大等問題。結合當下建筑業信息化發展要求與城市更新的難點問題,本文基于城市更新理論與智能建造關鍵技術應用,結合當地相關更新政策,從不同角度開展城市更新利用(yong)模式的(de)探究,從而促進城市(shi)更新在更多城市(shi)的(de)推廣。
【關鍵詞】城市(shi)更新;智能建(jian)造;建(jian)筑信息模型
引言:近年來,隨著(zhu)全面推(tui)進城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)工(gong)作(zuo)的部(bu)署(shu),老舊(jiu)小區的改造成為(wei)當前熱點(dian)。但相較于傳統工(gong)程,城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)項(xiang)目(mu)設計、建(jian)(jian)設、運維難度都高(gao)于基礎土(tu)建(jian)(jian)工(gong)程。在(zai)現(xian)代科技不斷發(fa)展(zhan)的時代背景下(xia),我(wo)國更(geng)(geng)(geng)加注重(zhong)智慧化(hua)建(jian)(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)過程,因此,信息化(hua)技術的融合(he)(he)推(tui)動了建(jian)(jian)筑業邁向建(jian)(jian)筑信息模型(xing)(BIM)與5G、大數據、人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)[1]等現(xian)代產業新(xin)(xin)(xin)興技術為(wei)支撐(cheng)的智能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造新(xin)(xin)(xin)道路,也為(wei)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)提供了新(xin)(xin)(xin)思路。本文基于我(wo)國目(mu)前城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的發(fa)展(zhan)情況,結合(he)(he)各地的相關體制政策,綜合(he)(he)考慮引入智能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造關鍵(jian)技術,進行城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的全周期應(ying)用分(fen)析,探(tan)討(tao)智能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造關鍵(jian)技術在(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統化(hua)、精細化(hua)管理上的優勢。
1智能建造關鍵技術在城市更新中應用
本(ben)文所(suo)指的(de)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建造關鍵技(ji)術是采用(yong)(yong)大數(shu)據、建筑信息模型、數(shu)字化(hua)設(she)計(ji)與(yu)施工(gong)(gong),提(ti)高設(she)計(ji)與(yu)施工(gong)(gong)效率,統一建筑方(fang)案,實(shi)現(xian)各階段(duan)數(shu)據的(de)流通。具體場(chang)景包括利用(yong)(yong)傾斜攝影(ying)測(ce)量(liang)技(ji)術[3]對城市更(geng)新中復(fu)雜區(qu)域進(jin)(jin)行測(ce)量(liang);應用(yong)(yong)BIM技(ji)術對復(fu)雜建筑進(jin)(jin)行三(san)維建模;借用(yong)(yong)軟件(jian)模擬三(san)維模型的(de)受(shou)力情況;施工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中新型建筑材(cai)料與(yu)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)設(she)備(bei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong);使(shi)用(yong)(yong)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)建造機器人等設(she)備(bei)對復(fu)雜構件(jian)或有危險性的(de)施工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)實(shi)施現(xian)場(chang)安裝;施工(gong)(gong)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)實(shi)現(xian)施工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)可視化(hua)管(guan)理。交付后,城市更(geng)新項目還(huan)可立足于智能(neng)(neng)(neng)物業實(shi)現(xian)安防、能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗、設(she)施設(she)備(bei)等綜合平臺管(guan)理。
2智能設計階段
2.1傾斜攝影測量技術
該(gai)階段城市更(geng)(geng)新(xin)項目可(ke)利用傾(qing)斜(xie)攝(she)影(ying)技(ji)術(shu)測量(liang)(liang)獲(huo)取建(jian)筑量(liang)(liang),根(gen)據(ju)基礎數(shu)(shu)據(ju)實現三(san)(san)維建(jian)模設(she)計。針對城市更(geng)(geng)新(xin)中(zhong)出(chu)現的建(jian)筑物集(ji)中(zhong)分布,周邊建(jian)筑影(ying)響(xiang)多(duo)(duo),監測器(qi)環境復(fu)雜等特(te)點(dian),以(yi)及(ji)現有(you)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)測量(liang)(liang)效(xiao)率低,精度(du)不高等問題,利用傾(qing)斜(xie)攝(she)影(ying)測量(liang)(liang)技(ji)術(shu),通過設(she)備搭載的攝(she)像頭,多(duo)(duo)方位(wei)獲(huo)取影(ying)像,結合外業數(shu)(shu)據(ju)采集(ji)與(yu)內業數(shu)(shu)據(ju)處理技(ji)術(shu),快速獲(huo)取并處理同名點(dian)信息,采用多(duo)(duo)基元、多(duo)(duo)視(shi)影(ying)像匹配算法(fa),得到(dao)各點(dian)云數(shu)(shu)據(ju),從而處理得到(dao)三(san)(san)維模型。傾(qing)斜(xie)攝(she)影(ying)技(ji)術(shu)[2]也可(ke)對更(geng)(geng)新(xin)區域實行三(san)(san)維實時化監控(kong),快速獲(huo)取更(geng)(geng)新(xin)區域建(jian)筑量(liang)(liang),推動更(geng)(geng)新(xin)項目進展。該(gai)方法(fa)具(ju)有(you)提(ti)高工(gong)作效(xiao)率與(yu)精度(du),降低人工(gong)成本,同時對城市更(geng)(geng)新(xin)基礎數(shu)(shu)據(ju)的調查提(ti)供新(xin)途徑的優勢。
2.2三維(wei)建模過(guo)程(cheng)
對(dui)(dui)(dui)更新項目(mu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)信息模(mo)(mo)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)運用(yong),協同(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)、結構、水電等(deng)多(duo)領域的(de)(de)(de)工作,通(tong)過三維建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo)與計(ji)算機輔助(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji),針對(dui)(dui)(dui)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)季節,不(bu)同(tong)(tong)時段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,加載環境參(can)數(shu)(shu),模(mo)(mo)擬建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)自然采(cai)光與通(tong)風情(qing)況,實現(xian)精(jing)準建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo),如圖(tu)1所示。除此之外,基于Revit軟(ruan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)碰撞檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)方(fang)式也可對(dui)(dui)(dui)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)自動沖(chong)突檢(jian)(jian)查,生成沖(chong)突報告并對(dui)(dui)(dui)沖(chong)突位(wei)置(zhi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)修改,優(you)化(hua)管線排布方(fang)案,降低結構設(she)(she)計(ji)師工作量(liang),進(jin)(jin)(jin)而提(ti)高(gao)項目(mu)更新的(de)(de)(de)工程進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)。尤其是隨(sui)著建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)構件(jian)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)增加,該(gai)方(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)速(su)度(du)明顯優(you)于傳統方(fang)法。同(tong)(tong)時使用(yong)漫游技術可觀察(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)中(zhong)細節部分,以動態(tai)交互的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式使后期施(shi)工人員更深入理解設(she)(she)計(ji)者意圖(tu)。結合小區模(mo)(mo)型(xing),將(jiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)樁、柱、墻(qiang)使用(yong)情(qing)況及(ji)其規(gui)格、數(shu)(shu)量(liang)輸出表格數(shu)(shu)據,根據參(can)數(shu)(shu)化(hua)對(dui)(dui)(dui)象的(de)(de)(de)活化(hua)設(she)(she)計(ji),建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)形狀、材料、物(wu)理特(te)性(xing)等(deng)信息建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)類(lei)別(bie),并根據其關聯性(xing)等(deng)邏輯關系(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)參(can)數(shu)(shu)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)模(mo)(mo)型(xing),從而在(zai)計(ji)算機中(zhong)仿真不(bu)同(tong)(tong)參(can)數(shu)(shu)下建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)型(xing),配合建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)模(mo)(mo)全生命周期不(bu)同(tong)(tong)需求的(de)(de)(de)動態(tai)化(hua)管理。
3智能施工階段
1)施工生產要素
智能(neng)設備(bei)的應(ying)用使得城市更新施(shi)工(gong)生產要素(su)更為智能(neng)化(hua),如(ru)BIM放(fang)樣機(ji)器人可負責施(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)控制(zhi)點的捕捉,自動建立現場(chang)坐(zuo)標系,結合裝(zhuang)配式建筑施(shi)工(gong),提高預(yu)制(zhi)構件(jian)安裝(zhuang)的精準率,提高施(shi)工(gong)效率。整(zheng)個施(shi)工(gong)層僅需1至(zhi)2名人員完成,減少人力(li)資(zi)源的投入(ru),每層構件(jian)的安裝(zhuang)平(ping)均工(gong)期可縮短近30%。
2)更新建造過程
與現澆方式相比,裝配(pei)式建(jian)筑構件由(you)(you)工(gong)廠(chang)加(jia)工(gong)完成后運輸(shu)到施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)進(jin)行(xing)裝配(pei)。同(tong)時通過創建(jian)數字化模型,實現信息交互,統籌裝配(pei)式建(jian)筑全過程。經由(you)(you)該統一(yi)平臺(tai),管理者可(ke)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)進(jin)行(xing)模擬布(bu)置,合理安(an)排(pai)現場(chang)(chang)(chang),防止安(an)裝過程出現鋼筋、管道碰撞,實現有限空間管線的合理布(bu)局(ju),并可(ke)以在平臺(tai)將(jiang)所需購(gou)買進(jin)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的材料(liao)錄入,便于供應商提前生產,提高建(jian)造(zao)效(xiao)率,進(jin)一(yi)步縮短建(jian)造(zao)周(zhou)期。
3)實施(shi)監測(ce)(ce)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)城(cheng)市(shi)更新項目多處于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)市(shi)中心地帶或(huo)人(ren)口(kou)密集區,周(zhou)圍(wei)施(shi)工環境復雜。相(xiang)對于(yu)(yu)傳統施(shi)工存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)作業面(mian)交錯,物(wu)料管理混亂等現象(xiang),智(zhi)能監測(ce)(ce)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)可根據(ju)施(shi)工狀態及其(qi)安(an)全情況(kuang),對建(jian)筑物(wu)進行(xing)(xing)受力分析,建(jian)立施(shi)工過程的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)變(bian)結構分析模型。利用(yong)RFID技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)[4]進行(xing)(xing)探測(ce)(ce)實現工程管理與現場施(shi)工交互,尤其(qi)是BIM可視化特性可對潛在(zai)危險進行(xing)(xing)分析,提高(gao)建(jian)筑物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全性,降低對周(zhou)圍(wei)建(jian)筑物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工影響。實現施(shi)工數據(ju)采(cai)集的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)動化、實時(shi)化。
4)項目信息化管(guan)理
智慧工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地系統利用信息化技(ji)(ji)術(shu),將人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智能、虛擬現實、RFID技(ji)(ji)術(shu)等(deng)高新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)互(hu)聯,實現工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)與(yu)現場(chang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)交(jiao)互(hu),使施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)更為智能化。在(zai)建造(zao)過程(cheng)中,運用信息技(ji)(ji)術(shu)提高建筑成本(ben)管(guan)(guan)理(li)水平,精準確定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)量、價格數(shu)據與(yu)消耗量等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。城市更新項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)全周期(qi)過程(cheng)變動(dong)多,尤其是數(shu)量、位置(zhi)、價格調整時(shi),可根據內置(zhi)算法自動(dong)計算造(zao)價,實時(shi)更新,利于項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)持續推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。BIM技(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)伴隨施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度的(de)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)時(shi),可提前應(ying)用5D技(ji)(ji)術(shu)模擬施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度,預估各階(jie)段(duan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本(ben),達到進(jin)度與(yu)成本(ben)相(xiang)對應(ying),具有實時(shi)性和可靠性特征。
4智能運維階段
運(yun)(yun)維(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)城市更(geng)新(xin)全(quan)生(sheng)命周期的(de)(de)最后階段,主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)安(an)防管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理、空間(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理、能耗(hao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理、設(she)施設(she)備(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理四方面(mian)組成。城市更(geng)新(xin)本質是提(ti)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)生(sheng)活(huo)質量,在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)限(xian)空間(jian)內最大化的(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)環(huan)(huan)境地升級改造,故整體(ti)更(geng)新(xin)運(yun)(yun)維(wei)過程(cheng)應(ying)體(ti)現(xian)以人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)本的(de)(de)準則。因城市更(geng)新(xin)的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)象(xiang)用(yong)(yong)戶多(duo)為(wei)(wei)年齡較(jiao)大的(de)(de)當地居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)(min),項目完工(gong)后運(yun)(yun)維(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理上(shang)要(yao)重點(dian)以安(an)全(quan)、高效、舒適為(wei)(wei)目的(de)(de)進行配套(tao)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)充分利用(yong)(yong)物聯網(wang)(wang)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)等(deng)(deng)高新(xin)技術的(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)上(shang),建(jian)(jian)(jian)立具備(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理、安(an)防、環(huan)(huan)境、通信功(gong)能的(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)統[5]。該系(xi)(xi)統分為(wei)(wei)基礎(chu)(chu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理服(fu)(fu)務(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、綜合應(ying)用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、業主(zhu)使用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)四個層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)。其(qi)中(zhong)基礎(chu)(chu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)智能運(yun)(yun)維(wei)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)核心,主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)感知(zhi)識(shi)別層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與網(wang)(wang)絡構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)組成,網(wang)(wang)絡識(shi)別層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)通過傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)獲取(qu)城市更(geng)新(xin)小區內的(de)(de)設(she)施設(she)備(bei)狀態并進行實(shi)時監(jian)測,網(wang)(wang)絡構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)、無(wu)線寬(kuan)帶網(wang)(wang)、移(yi)動通信網(wang)(wang)絡傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞各種信息;管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理服(fu)(fu)務(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)側重于建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)維(wei)護、設(she)施維(wei)護、居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)(min)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)反饋等(deng)(deng)方面(mian),通過對(dui)(dui)收集到信息的(de)(de)加工(gong)處理,傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)送給相關(guan)部(bu)門進行決(jue)策(ce),旨在(zai)(zai)(zai)于解決(jue)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)(min)生(sheng)活(huo)問題;綜合應(ying)用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是聯系(xi)(xi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)(min)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理方的(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu),尤其(qi)針對(dui)(dui)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)群(qun)體(ti)老年人(ren)(ren),可(ke)提(ti)供個性化服(fu)(fu)務(wu),解決(jue)日常困難并達到豐富其(qi)生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de);業主(zhu)使用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)面(mian)向多(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)主(zhu)體(ti)用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)紐(niu)帶,包(bao)括系(xi)(xi)統管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)、小區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理員(yuan)工(gong)、業主(zhu)等(deng)(deng),可(ke)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)App、公眾平(ping)臺、小程(cheng)序(xu)等(deng)(deng)實(shi)現(xian)各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)互(hu)聯互(hu)通。
5智能建造技術應用優勢
5.1信息傳(chuan)遞加速
整個(ge)城市更新過(guo)程,包括設(she)計(ji)、預(yu)算、施(shi)工運維過(guo)程,經(jing)由智能建造關(guan)鍵技術的(de)應用(yong)將使傳統的(de)全生命周(zhou)期中等待交(jiao)接的(de)時間(jian)大幅下(xia)降,如圖(tu)2所示(shi)。通過(guo)梳理設(she)施(shi)設(she)備系統,以BIM模型為載(zai)體,統籌管理建筑(zhu)物全生命周(zhou)期信息,建立BIM模型數(shu)據(ju)庫,可(ke)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提升設(she)施(shi)設(she)備管理能力,減少(shao)建筑(zhu)信息在各個(ge)階段(duan)的(de)損失,實現設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工、運維信息數(shu)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)體化。
5.2安防管理智(zhi)能化
通(tong)(tong)過智(zhi)能(neng)監控設(she)(she)備,以物聯網應用(yong)為(wei)核(he)心,監測(ce)更(geng)新(xin)后小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)實時動態(tai),其中包括小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)道(dao)路通(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)情(qing)況(kuang)、消防設(she)(she)備實時狀(zhuang)態(tai)、視頻聯動等。考慮到更(geng)新(xin)項目居住(zhu)主體老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)占比較大,投入紅外探測(ce)器可對(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)人(ren)員進(jin)出進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監測(ce),提高老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)居住(zhu)環境及其安全性。搭建居民(min)社區(qu)(qu)(qu)網絡(luo),通(tong)(tong)過一鍵報(bao)警(jing)功能(neng)提醒住(zhu)戶危(wei)險發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)的(de)定位及狀(zhuang)況(kuang),保(bao)障住(zhu)戶尤其是獨居老人(ren)的(de)人(ren)身財產安全。更(geng)新(xin)后的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)運維(wei)時可建立本(ben)小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)安全管理(li)平臺(tai)(tai),將各類(lei)設(she)(she)施包括電(dian)表(biao)使用(yong)、天(tian)然氣表(biao)數據(ju)等各類(lei)生(sheng)活(huo)數據(ju)傳輸至平臺(tai)(tai),通(tong)(tong)過建立自學(xue)習(xi)模(mo)型,探究居民(min)出行(xing)(xing)(xing)規律,結合(he)圖像識別技術,對(dui)車輛(liang)進(jin)出入、小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)危(wei)險地段進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監控,對(dui)異常情(qing)況(kuang)實時給予(yu)上報(bao),及時發(fa)(fa)現并處理(li)問題。
5.3能耗管理可(ke)視化
在(zai)碳達峰、碳中和的背景下,城市更新過程也(ye)應將減(jian)少能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消耗(hao)列為指標之一(yi)。能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)管(guan)理主要應用(yong)BIM技術,運(yun)用(yong)電(dian)力傳感(gan)器、壓(ya)力傳感(gan)器、流量傳感(gan)器等設備,進行數(shu)據獲取、統計、分析。智能(neng)(neng)建(jian)造技術采用(yong)物聯網、云計算、數(shu)字傳感(gan)等高新技術,準確實時地獲取各類(lei)異常能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)數(shu)據,并利用(yong)人(ren)工智能(neng)(neng)技術分析并制(zhi)定節(jie)能(neng)(neng)方(fang)案。
6結語
本(ben)文基于城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)特征與以(yi)人(ren)(ren)為本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)要求,通過將城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)全過程基于智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)造(zao)關(guan)鍵技術應(ying)用(yong)(yong),進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步提升設(she)施設(she)備管理能(neng)力,減少建(jian)筑信息在(zai)各個(ge)階段的(de)(de)(de)損失,實現(xian)(xian)設(she)計(ji)、施工、運維信息的(de)(de)(de)數據一(yi)體化。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)是為讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)生活變得更加(jia)美好,智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)造(zao)關(guan)鍵技術的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)本(ben)質(zhi)上(shang)是服務于人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)需求體現(xian)(xian)。我國未來(lai)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)方向應(ying)在(zai)面對(dui)各種復雜環(huan)境進(jin)(jin)行更新(xin)時,合理地利用(yong)(yong)智(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)造(zao)全周期的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵技術,建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)色可持續的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代化智(zhi)慧小區,進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步推進(jin)(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)良(liang)性發展(zhan)。
參考文獻
[1]曾(ceng)妮紅(hong),劉江.傾斜攝影測量(liang)技術在城市更新建筑量(liang)快速獲取中的(de)應用[J].北(bei)京測繪(hui),2019,33(5):498-501.
[2]毛超,彭窯雁.智能建(jian)造的理(li)論框架(jia)與(yu)核(he)心(xin)邏輯構建(jian)[J].工程管(guan)理(li)學報,2020,34(5):1-6.
[3]劉(liu)子(zi)逸.大數(shu)據背景下(xia)的(de)智慧城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)管理(li)系(xi)統的(de)構建(jian)研(yan)究[J].智能(neng)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi),2021,7(2):51-52.
[4]包勝,楊淏欽(qin),歐陽笛帆.基于(yu)城市(shi)信息模型(xing)的新型(xing)智慧(hui)城市(shi)管理平臺(tai)[J].城市(shi)發展(zhan)研究,2018,25(11):50-57+72.
[5]袁勝強,胡程,歐陽君濤.智慧城市(shi)云平(ping)臺構(gou)建研(yan)究[J].土(tu)木建筑工程信息(xi)技(ji)術(shu),2018,10(1):22-26.
作(zuo)者:董宇婷 余(yu)佳(jia) 單位(wei):南京理工大學(xue)紫金學(xue)院