導(dao)語：鄉村(cun)振興戰略下完善農業推廣體系探究一文來源于網友上傳，不代表本站觀點，若需(xu)要原創文章可咨詢(xun)客服老師，歡迎參(can)考。

摘要：隨著經濟社會的不斷發展與城市化進程的不斷推進，農業問題逐漸引起公眾的關注，為確保我國的經濟穩步運行與農業的持續發展，各方需要抓好“三農”問題，確保農業供給側改革的順利進行，促進農業推廣體系的不斷完善。農業推廣體系是將科研機構、推廣人員與農民之間建立聯系的關鍵體系。農業推廣體系的完善對于促進農民增收，提升農產品質量以及促進農業現代化具有重要的意義。該文將簡述鄉村振興戰略背景下農業推廣體系完善的意義，立足當下農業推廣體系建設存在的問題，探究在鄉村(cun)振興戰略背(bei)景下完善農業推廣體系的(de)策略。

關鍵詞：鄉(xiang)村振興(xing)；農業推(tui)廣；體系完善(shan)；農業現(xian)代化；策略

隨著(zhu)糧食(shi)安全問題不(bu)斷進(jin)入到人(ren)們的(de)視(shi)野，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發展的(de)現代化也被(bei)提(ti)(ti)上日程，但是目(mu)前的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)無法滿足(zu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發展的(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)，一方面農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)缺乏相應的(de)制度建(jian)設與(yu)監督(du)管理(li)，另一方面農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)還存在資金不(bu)足(zu)及(ji)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)素質(zhi)不(bu)高等(deng)一系(xi)列問題，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)以農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術的(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)為導向，其運行主(zhu)要(yao)依靠科研人(ren)員(yuan)、推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)利益(yi)紐(niu)帶(dai)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)完善有(you)利于“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”問題的(de)解決(jue)，也有(you)利于推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興戰略的(de)實施。鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興戰略的(de)貫徹落(luo)實必(bi)須要(yao)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)創(chuang)新(xin)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)創(chuang)新(xin)能夠讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)接觸到現代化的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術服務(wu)，不(bu)斷提(ti)(ti)升農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產效率(lv)，增加農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)收入，提(ti)(ti)高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)生活水平，有(you)利于綠(lv)色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)文(wen)明的(de)構建(jian)。

1鄉村振興戰略背景下農業推廣體系完善的意義

1.1有利于農業的(de)轉(zhuan)型(xing)升(sheng)級，推進農業現代化

農(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)廣工作需要相關人員綜合當(dang)地(di)的自(zi)然(ran)、人文(wen)、交(jiao)通及(ji)電商發展狀況的基礎上選擇經濟價值最高的作物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)與(yu)最適(shi)宜的農(nong)業(ye)種(zhong)植技術進(jin)(jin)行推(tui)(tui)廣，農(nong)業(ye)推(tui)(tui)廣工作的有(you)效開展有(you)利(li)于為農(nong)民的生(sheng)產(chan)活動提(ti)供先進(jin)(jin)的理(li)念(nian)與(yu)技術支持，這能夠促(cu)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)作物(wu)產(chan)量的有(you)效提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)，形成(cheng)具(ju)有(you)當(dang)地(di)特色(se)的區域性農(nong)業(ye)，有(you)利(li)于促(cu)進(jin)(jin)經濟效益的最大化，對我國種(zhong)植業(ye)的轉型(xing)升(sheng)(sheng)級及(ji)農(nong)業(ye)的現代化進(jin)(jin)程推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)具(ju)有(you)十分重要的意義(yi)。

1.2有利于(yu)產(chan)品質量的優化，提升(sheng)產(chan)品競爭力

隨著市場經(jing)濟不(bu)斷(duan)發展，人民越(yue)來越(yue)注重農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)，為(wei)(wei)了(le)滿足農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)市場的(de)(de)需求，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民應(ying)不(bu)斷(duan)提升農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)與產量(liang)，使自己(ji)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)能(neng)夠在激烈的(de)(de)競爭(zheng)市場中站穩腳跟。而農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業推廣體系的(de)(de)完善有利于讓(rang)更多(duo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)理解(jie)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業技術在生(sheng)(sheng)產活動中的(de)(de)運用優(you)勢，促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)科學化、合理化，降低農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產中不(bu)必要的(de)(de)損失，為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)帶來更多(duo)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益。

2鄉村振興戰略背景下農業推廣工作存在的問題

2.1人員素質(zhi)不高，人員亟需培訓

農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)執行者(zhe)，但是(shi)(shi)目(mu)前(qian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)還(huan)(huan)存在(zai)著推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)配備不(bu)(bu)足及推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)素(su)質(zhi)不(bu)(bu)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，這(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)一定程度(du)上制(zhi)約了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，使(shi)得(de)新(xin)技術、新(xin)品種無(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)較好地被農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)理解(jie)(jie)和運(yun)用。在(zai)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)中，推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)來自基層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技部門，這(zhe)(zhe)些推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)文化水(shui)平較低(di)，年(nian)齡層(ceng)較為(wei)老化，無(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)對先進(jin)技術與(yu)品種有(you)科(ke)學合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理解(jie)(jie)，也(ye)缺乏(fa)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)策略與(yu)方式(shi)。除此之(zhi)外，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)接受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教育(yu)和培訓也(ye)相(xiang)對不(bu)(bu)足，以至(zhi)于他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)知識(shi)與(yu)技能無(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)得(de)到(dao)更(geng)新(xin)，從(cong)而限制(zhi)了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)新(xin)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職能效用得(de)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)有(you)效發(fa)揮，增加了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難度(du)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)是(shi)(shi)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受眾，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)素(su)質(zhi)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)能夠順利進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵要(yao)(yao)素(su)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)文化水(shui)平及知識(shi)素(su)養較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題導(dao)致農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)無(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)了解(jie)(jie)先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術設備、無(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)掌握(wo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)方法(fa)(fa)，為(wei)了使(shi)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果得(de)到(dao)保障，不(bu)(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)提升推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專業(ye)素(su)質(zhi)與(yu)能力，還(huan)(huan)需要(yao)(yao)關注(zhu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)素(su)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升，立(li)足農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)實際情況(kuang)開展相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宣(xuan)傳與(yu)培訓工(gong)作(zuo)，激(ji)發(fa)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興趣，使(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)能夠充分意識(shi)到(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，促進(jin)優化推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)效果。

2.2推廣(guang)經費不足(zu)，缺(que)乏經濟保障

農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)工(gong)作屬于服務性公(gong)益事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，推廣(guang)工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)運行主要依賴政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)，在(zai)實際推廣(guang)工(gong)作中(zhong)，政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)渠道(dao)單一，撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)數目(mu)也不(bu)(bu)足以支(zhi)撐農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)成和完善，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)資金保(bao)障(zhang)。資金保(bao)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)使(shi)推廣(guang)工(gong)作不(bu)(bu)僅無法(fa)(fa)有先(xian)進的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)與設備支(zhi)持，人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)教育(yu)培訓工(gong)作及(ji)制度的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設都會受到一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)制約，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)進程緩(huan)慢，農民(min)無法(fa)(fa)獲得相(xiang)(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技術(shu)知識(shi)。與此同時，資金保(bao)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)匱(kui)乏(fa)(fa)使(shi)推廣(guang)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)薪資水(shui)平較(jiao)低、福利待遇不(bu)(bu)足，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)崗位缺(que)乏(fa)(fa)相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)競爭力(li)與吸引(yin)力(li)，不(bu)(bu)僅無法(fa)(fa)吸引(yin)優(you)秀的(de)(de)(de)推廣(guang)人(ren)才，還(huan)使(shi)現有的(de)(de)(de)推廣(guang)人(ren)員喪(sang)失工(gong)作積極(ji)性，制約了農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推廣(guang)工(gong)作效果的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升。

2.3推廣(guang)方(fang)式落后，推廣(guang)效果欠佳

我國農(nong)業技(ji)術推廣(guang)主要由(you)基層的(de)有關部(bu)門負責，有限的(de)資(zi)金及老(lao)舊(jiu)的(de)人員限制了推廣(guang)方式的(de)創新(xin)，除(chu)此之(zhi)外，推廣(guang)工(gong)作無法(fa)與市場建立聯系，使得(de)農(nong)技(ji)推廣(guang)服務(wu)始終處在一種缺乏(fa)競爭的(de)環境中，農(nong)業推廣(guang)工(gong)作不成(cheng)體系，農(nong)業推廣(guang)工(gong)作效果欠佳。

2.4政府重視不足，推廣未(wei)能落(luo)實

政(zheng)府的(de)重視(shi)程(cheng)度決定(ding)了推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)體系的(de)完善程(cheng)度，只有政(zheng)府對推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)體系足夠重視(shi)，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工作(zuo)的(de)進行才(cai)能夠有相應的(de)資(zi)金、人(ren)才(cai)及技(ji)(ji)術支持，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)體系的(de)建設才(cai)能夠有效推(tui)(tui)進。政(zheng)府的(de)不重視(shi)導(dao)致(zhi)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工作(zuo)走形式，科(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果僅(jin)僅(jin)歷經(jing)了誕生(sheng)與(yu)宣(xuan)傳，卻無法得(de)到(dao)落實，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)效果十分不理想。推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)宣(xuan)傳工作(zuo)的(de)不到(dao)位(wei)導(dao)致(zhi)農民無法理解農技(ji)(ji)成果的(de)先進性與(yu)優越性，風險保障機(ji)制的(de)缺乏又使得(de)農民不愿(yuan)意嘗試(shi)最新的(de)農業技(ji)(ji)術，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工作(zuo)遲遲無法見效。

2.5勞動力(li)老齡(ling)化，有效(xiao)勞力(li)流失

隨著經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展，城市為(wei)年輕人(ren)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)更加多(duo)的(de)(de)就業機會，農(nong)(nong)村勞(lao)動(dong)力流失，農(nong)(nong)村人(ren)口老齡化逐漸加重，農(nong)(nong)業推廣的(de)(de)對象大多(duo)為(wei)年齡較(jiao)大、文化水(shui)平較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)老年人(ren)。這種(zhong)情況致使推廣人(ren)員(yuan)在進行(xing)推廣工(gong)作(zuo)時無(wu)法將農(nong)(nong)業技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)理念與操作(zuo)方式進行(xing)有(you)效傳(chuan)達，再加上(shang)這些人(ren)已經(jing)習慣原有(you)的(de)(de)生產生活方式，對未知(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)也存(cun)在一定的(de)(de)不(bu)信任，以(yi)至于他們并不(bu)愿意嘗(chang)試最新(xin)的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)成果，即(ji)使對農(nong)(nong)技(ji)成果后接(jie)受學(xue)習也較(jiao)為(wei)吃力，推廣工(gong)作(zuo)無(wu)法有(you)效開展。

3鄉村振興戰略背景下農業推廣體系完善的對策

3.1開展人員教育(yu)培訓，增強團隊素質

在(zai)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)崗(gang)位的競爭力與(yu)(yu)吸引力上(shang)，政府(fu)應(ying)(ying)該提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)崗(gang)位的薪資和(he)(he)(he)待遇，加(jia)大對(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)等農(nong)(nong)學人(ren)才的吸引力度(du)，促進(jin)高(gao)(gao)等人(ren)才回鄉就業，讓高(gao)(gao)等農(nong)(nong)業人(ren)才利用其專業知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)技(ji)(ji)能與(yu)(yu)管理經(jing)驗對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)業推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)進(jin)行指導(dao)，除此之(zhi)外，加(jia)強(qiang)崗(gang)位的競爭力與(yu)(yu)吸引力還(huan)應(ying)(ying)建立相應(ying)(ying)的人(ren)才激(ji)勵政策，激(ji)發推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)的工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)積極性，提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的質量和(he)(he)(he)效(xiao)率(lv)。在(zai)加(jia)大對(dui)(dui)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)教(jiao)育(yu)和(he)(he)(he)培(pei)訓上(shang)，有(you)關部門可以定(ding)期開展專家講(jiang)座、推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)經(jing)驗交流會及相應(ying)(ying)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)技(ji)(ji)能培(pei)訓工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，豐富推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)的理論知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)操作(zuo)(zuo)經(jing)驗，不斷提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)的綜合(he)素質，建設一(yi)支業務(wu)精通(tong)、服務(wu)優良(liang)的推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)團隊(dui)，從而滿足農(nong)(nong)業推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的需求，除此之(zhi)外還(huan)需要為推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)提供(gong)一(yi)定(ding)約束，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)考核制度(du)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行合(he)理的獎(jiang)懲，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)人(ren)員(yuan)盡職盡責(ze)完成工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)質量與(yu)(yu)效(xiao)率(lv)。最后(hou)在(zai)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)民綜合(he)素質上(shang)應(ying)(ying)主要采用宣(xuan)傳教(jiao)育(yu)的形式，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)視、廣(guang)(guang)(guang)播、新媒體及入(ru)戶宣(xuan)傳等形式使農(nong)(nong)民對(dui)(dui)市場動態和(he)(he)(he)最新科(ke)學技(ji)(ji)術有(you)所掌握，意識(shi)(shi)到農(nong)(nong)業技(ji)(ji)術運用的必要性，增(zeng)強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)民對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)業技(ji)(ji)術的使用意愿，強(qiang)化推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的效(xiao)果。

3.2加大政府財政支持，提供資金保障(zhang)

充(chong)足的(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)保障是(shi)推(tui)(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展(zhan)的(de)(de)基礎，一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)，政府在進行財政撥款(kuan)時應充(chong)分考(kao)慮推(tui)(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經費，為推(tui)(tui)廣方式的(de)(de)創新(xin)及人(ren)才的(de)(de)吸引提供一(yi)定的(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)支持，另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)，相關部(bu)門(men)也應加(jia)強對推(tui)(tui)廣資(zi)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)管理，確保推(tui)(tui)廣資(zi)金(jin)(jin)能夠用到實處。在資(zi)金(jin)(jin)利(li)(li)用上，有關部(bu)門(men)不僅可以利(li)(li)用資(zi)金(jin)(jin)優(you)化(hua)推(tui)(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境、創新(xin)推(tui)(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方式，優(you)化(hua)推(tui)(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效果，有關部(bu)門(men)還(huan)可以利(li)(li)用充(chong)足的(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)優(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)(de)薪資(zi)待遇，提高(gao)崗位對優(you)秀人(ren)才的(de)(de)吸引力，提升工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)廣積極性，降低不必要的(de)(de)人(ren)員流動。

3.3利用現代信息技術，創(chuang)新(xin)推廣方式

為了促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)效果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)人員必須在推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)有效利(li)用現代(dai)(dai)(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術，促進(jin)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)、智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)(yu)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)。在推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)上(shang)，一方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)部(bu)門(men)(men)可以利(li)用現代(dai)(dai)(dai)媒體(ti)進(jin)行(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)H5、視(shi)頻或動畫等形(xing)式創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業技(ji)(ji)術宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式方(fang)(fang)(fang)法，增強宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趣味性(xing)，激發農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)熱情，提(ti)升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)對農(nong)(nong)(nong)業技(ji)(ji)術成果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)受度，與(yu)(yu)此(ci)同時推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)人員還可以利(li)用現代(dai)(dai)(dai)媒體(ti)強互動性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特征獲得農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)對農(nong)(nong)(nong)業技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看法與(yu)(yu)觀點(dian)，并(bing)依(yi)此(ci)不斷調整自身(shen)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)內容(rong)與(yu)(yu)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法，促進(jin)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)效果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)；另一方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)可以通(tong)(tong)過(guo)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)服務平臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)搭建(jian)加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)技(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)與(yu)(yu)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)，宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)工(gong)作(zuo)需要立足實際(ji)，讓宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)人員走進(jin)實地進(jin)行(xing)調研，構建(jian)現場講解(jie)與(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)移動客戶(hu)端(duan)相聯系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)技(ji)(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)模式，使農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)能(neng)夠在生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)了解(jie)最新(xin)(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業種植技(ji)(ji)術與(yu)(yu)理念。例如，有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)(men)可以通(tong)(tong)過(guo)開通(tong)(tong)微信(xin)平臺(tai)實現農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)與(yu)(yu)專家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接(jie)交(jiao)流，讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效益(yi)能(neng)夠在專家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導下(xia)不斷提(ti)升(sheng)。

3.4加強推廣(guang)機構建(jian)設，健全管(guan)理(li)機制

完善農業(ye)(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)體系(xi)需要政(zheng)府(fu)加大對(dui)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)重視，健全(quan)農業(ye)(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)管理機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)、管理機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設利(li)于促進農技推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)與(yu)人(ren)員(yuan)找準(zhun)定位、積極(ji)(ji)履職(zhi)，做好農業(ye)(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設應(ying)在符(fu)合當地實(shi)(shi)際情況的(de)(de)基礎上積極(ji)(ji)貫(guan)徹(che)落實(shi)(shi)鄉村振興(xing)政(zheng)策。在推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設上，有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)需要對(dui)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)公(gong)益職(zhi)能加以(yi)明(ming)確，積極(ji)(ji)為農民生產活動提(ti)(ti)供(gong)優化服務，除此之外，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)也應(ying)對(dui)自(zi)身的(de)(de)運行模式進行理順與(yu)創新(xin)，使政(zheng)府(fu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)能夠與(yu)企業(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)立合作(zuo)(zuo)，積極(ji)(ji)提(ti)(ti)升推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)活力(li)與(yu)競(jing)爭力(li)。在農技推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)管理機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設上，有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)應(ying)對(dui)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)方(fang)(fang)式、推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)重點(dian)及工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)和(he)職(zhi)責等加以(yi)明(ming)確，利(li)用檢察(cha)員(yuan)為推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)進行提(ti)(ti)供(gong)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)外部(bu)約束，確保推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)當地具體情況相符(fu)合，確保推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)能夠發揮整合農業(ye)(ye)資源(yuan)、促進農業(ye)(ye)發展的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用，管理機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)還應(ying)對(dui)現實(shi)(shi)情況進行積極(ji)(ji)關(guan)注，及時督促有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)更新(xin)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)內(nei)容、創新(xin)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)方(fang)(fang)式，為當下推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)存在的(de)(de)問題提(ti)(ti)供(gong)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)解決方(fang)(fang)式。

3.5建設農業示范(fan)基地，提供參考平臺

農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)有利(li)于促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)推(tui)廣與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資源的(de)(de)整合，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)提(ti)供了觀(guan)摩(mo)學(xue)習(xi)的(de)(de)平臺，加深了農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)知識理(li)念的(de)(de)理(li)解與操作方式的(de)(de)掌握(wo)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)應遵(zun)循(xun)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)示范(fan)到位、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)培訓(xun)到位及產業(ye)(ye)(ye)引領到位的(de)(de)要求，使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)能(neng)夠通過示范(fan)平臺了解最新農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與本地(di)(di)(di)(di)優勢特色(se)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)，拓寬自(zi)身的(de)(de)眼界，促(cu)進科(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果轉化(hua)(hua)率的(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)，此(ci)外，示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)還應為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)提(ti)供科(ke)學(xue)咨詢、品種試用推(tui)廣及農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)活(huo)動指導等服務。在(zai)示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)上，一方面應注重示范(fan)成果的(de)(de)多樣(yang)性，將基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)依照作物或者農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分為(wei)幾個不同(tong)的(de)(de)模塊，實現網格(ge)化(hua)(hua)管理(li)、精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)控制，使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)能(neng)夠在(zai)示范(fan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中感(gan)(gan)受(shou)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)多樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)與精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)，增(zeng)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)使用意愿；另一方面可以利(li)用VR全景技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)學(xue)習(xi)與體驗的(de)(de)沉浸感(gan)(gan)與參與感(gan)(gan)，使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)在(zai)進行參觀(guan)學(xue)習(xi)時(shi)能(neng)夠獲得身臨其境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)感(gan)(gan)覺，并在(zai)該環境(jing)(jing)(jing)中完成對(dui)(dui)作物生長狀態與環境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)調(diao)控，強化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)理(li)解與運用。

4結束語

總而(er)言之(zhi)，在鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興戰略背景下，要(yao)想促(cu)進“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”問題的(de)解(jie)決(jue)必須要(yao)完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)業推廣(guang)(guang)體系，促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業推廣(guang)(guang)效(xiao)果的(de)提升，使科技成果能(neng)夠(gou)得到有(you)效(xiao)轉化，不(bu)斷(duan)促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生產現代化。農(nong)(nong)(nong)業推廣(guang)(guang)體系的(de)完善必須要(yao)立足當地實(shi)際(ji)，從制(zhi)度(du)、資金、人才及示范管理(li)上(shang)多(duo)方面優化推廣(guang)(guang)工作(zuo)，使科技成果能(neng)夠(gou)真正(zheng)地為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民所理(li)解(jie)和運用，促(cu)進我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)業的(de)穩定與持續(xu)發展，積極(ji)推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興。

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作者:李廣京 單位:深(shen)圳(zhen)職業技術學(xue)院