導語：現代農業助力鄉村(cun)振興的路徑一文來源于網友上(shang)傳，不代表本站觀點，若需要原創文章可咨詢客服(fu)老師，歡迎參(can)考。

摘要：在我國，鄉村具有重要地位，鄉村興則國家興。在實現中華民族偉大復興的進程中，鄉村振興是一項重大任務，農業現代化是鄉村振興的重要目標。隨著互聯網技術的發展，“互聯網+現代農業”已經成為助力鄉村振興的重要抓手。

關鍵詞：“互聯(lian)網+現代(dai)農業”；鄉村振興；農業資(zi)源(yuan)

1鄉村振興戰略簡述

鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)是一個(ge)地(di)域綜合體，具(ju)有自然、社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)、經濟等(deng)特征，具(ju)備生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活(huo)、生(sheng)態、文(wen)化等(deng)多重(zhong)(zhong)功能。鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)行政規劃中雖然處(chu)于最底層(ceng)，但是鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)對(dui)整個(ge)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)、整個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)有至關重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，在一定程度上會(hui)(hui)影響和改變整個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)基本發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)思路，鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)狀況也是一個(ge)地(di)區乃至國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)縮影。鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)與城鎮共生(sheng)共存(cun)、互促互進，共同(tong)構(gou)成了(le)人類社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要空間。在我國(guo)(guo)，鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)具(ju)有重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)地(di)位，鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)興則(ze)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)興，鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)衰則(ze)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)衰。進入中國(guo)(guo)特色社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義新(xin)時代，社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)要矛(mao)盾發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)了(le)轉化，且這一轉化在鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)更為凸(tu)顯(xian)。

2“互聯網+現代農業”綜述

2.1“互聯(lian)網+現代農業(ye)”的涵義

“互(hu)聯網+現代農業(ye)”是(shi)一種新型農業(ye)發(fa)展形態(tai)，人們運(yun)用互(hu)聯網的(de)思維方式(shi)，把(ba)云計算、大數據(ju)、無(wu)線網絡(luo)、感應技(ji)術等(deng)互(hu)聯網技(ji)術融(rong)入到現代農業(ye)發(fa)展中，推動(dong)農業(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構和產(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)條(tiao)等(deng)不斷優化升級，從(cong)而(er)提升現代農業(ye)各環節(jie)效率，構建新型農業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營體系，發(fa)展精(jing)準化的(de)生產(chan)(chan)方式(shi)，提高網絡(luo)化服務水平，完善農副產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全追溯(su)體系，使(shi)產(chan)(chan)銷實現無(wu)縫對接(jie)，更(geng)加精(jing)準地實現產(chan)(chan)銷一條(tiao)龍(long)，讓優質(zhi)的(de)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)在(zai)第一時(shi)間走(zou)進千家萬戶。

2.2“互(hu)聯網(wang)+現代(dai)農業”的(de)優(you)勢

2.2.1有(you)助于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)整合(he)，合(he)理(li)配置(zhi)當(dang)前(qian)，我國一些農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)仍(reng)以(yi)(yi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)經營方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主，因(yin)此普(pu)遍存(cun)在(zai)(zai)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利用率(lv)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產效率(lv)較(jiao)低(di)(di)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)經濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)緩(huan)慢等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。由于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基礎(chu)設施建(jian)設配套(tao)不(bu)全(quan)、居住環(huan)境差等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)，大(da)批農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)選擇到(dao)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)打工(gong)。雖然農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)向城(cheng)鎮(zhen)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)一定(ding)程(cheng)度上推動(dong)(dong)了(le)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設，但是(shi)(shi)也帶來了(le)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)平衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，造(zao)成了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)大(da)量土(tu)地(di)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)置(zhi)甚(shen)至(zhi)荒廢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況。此外，由于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域風(feng)險高(gao)、收益低(di)(di)，社(she)會資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)多(duo)不(bu)愿(yuan)投資(zi)(zi)到(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域，嚴重(zhong)制約了(le)我國現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)[2]。隨著互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)時代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)來，信(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)透(tou)明化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)共(gong)享化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實現(xian)(xian)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)塑(su)。一方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，通過(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)匯集(ji)優勢(shi)，能(neng)夠(gou)有(you)效、合(he)理(li)配置(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)，實現(xian)(xian)土(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)、土(tu)地(di)整合(he)、土(tu)地(di)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)。另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，通過(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)共(gong)享優勢(shi)，能(neng)夠(gou)有(you)效、合(he)理(li)調配勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)、資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，提高(gao)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利用率(lv)和(he)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率(lv)，進而(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型、做大(da)做強(qiang)(qiang)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)奠定(ding)堅實基礎(chu)。2.2.2有(you)助于(yu)(yu)增強(qiang)(qiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域競爭力(li)(li)(li)雖然當(dang)前(qian)我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)仍(reng)以(yi)(yi)粗放型為(wei)(wei)主，但是(shi)(shi)近年來，多(duo)數(shu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)堅持(chi)把標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、品(pin)牌化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)提升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競爭力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要手(shou)段。一方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，通過(guo)(guo)“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，運用智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、云服(fu)(fu)務(wu)等(deng)科(ke)技(ji)手(shou)段，構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)從(cong)(cong)良種(zhong)選育到(dao)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)銷售(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)養(yang)加(jia)(jia)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)推動(dong)(dong)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)位(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，通過(guo)(guo)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)成果轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)利用，因(yin)地(di)制宜研發(fa)(fa)(fa)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域內特色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)、形(xing)(xing)成品(pin)牌，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)推動(dong)(dong)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)牌化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)全(quan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)位(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)[3]。部分(fen)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)通過(guo)(guo)“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+地(di)理(li)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)”服(fu)(fu)務(wu)和(he)“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”服(fu)(fu)務(wu)，以(yi)(yi)遙(yao)感(gan)、全(quan)球定(ding)位(wei)、人工(gong)智能(neng)和(he)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡技(ji)術為(wei)(wei)支(zhi)撐，規劃開發(fa)(fa)(fa)美麗(li)鄉(xiang)村(cun)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、都市農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、郊區(qu)(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，助力(li)(li)(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟增長方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變。同時，通過(guo)(guo)新媒體技(ji)術進行更為(wei)(wei)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)、生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)布，開發(fa)(fa)(fa)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)導游(you)和(he)活動(dong)(dong)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)推送等(deng)功能(neng)，助力(li)(li)(li)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)水平提升(sheng)，從(cong)(cong)整體上增強(qiang)(qiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域綜合(he)競爭力(li)(li)(li)。2.2.3有(you)助于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給(gei)側(ce)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)性改(gai)革當(dang)前(qian)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給(gei)側(ce)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)性改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難點(dian)在(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度不(bu)足(zu)和(he)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)缺(que)乏創(chuang)新。眾所周知，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)組織農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產經營全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要手(shou)段，生(sheng)(sheng)產、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)、運輸、銷售(shou)等(deng)各個農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產環(huan)節(jie)都存(cun)在(zai)(zai)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)需求。但由于(yu)(yu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)、資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)類、地(di)域差異等(deng)多(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，我國一些地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)仍(reng)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度不(bu)夠(gou)、融(rong)資(zi)(zi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)新不(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。基于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)風(feng)險、低(di)(di)收益等(deng)特點(dian)，傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)很難為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產者(zhe)提供數(shu)額較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)支(zhi)持(chi)，且(qie)貸(dai)款(kuan)利息(xi)普(pu)遍較(jiao)高(gao)、借(jie)貸(dai)周期(qi)普(pu)遍較(jiao)短，在(zai)(zai)很大(da)程(cheng)度上影響(xiang)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給(gei)側(ce)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)性改(gai)革和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。而(er)(er)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)擁有(you)相對寬松的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)環(huan)境、寬廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)渠道(dao)、多(duo)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)借(jie)貸(dai)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)特點(dian)，彌補了(le)傳統金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)足(zu)。

3鄉村振興中面臨的困境

3.1農產品(pin)供求關(guan)系的結構(gou)性矛盾

農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是連接農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營者(zhe)和(he)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)消(xiao)費主體的(de)載體，一(yi)頭連著農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)，一(yi)頭連著消(xiao)費者(zhe)。然(ran)而(er)，當前農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)屬(shu)于不完(wan)全競爭市(shi)(shi)場(chang)，“小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶”和(he)“大(da)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)”的(de)不協調造(zao)成(cheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)無法依賴市(shi)(shi)場(chang)調節達到最(zui)優價(jia)格(ge)，極易造(zao)成(cheng)供求失衡。一(yi)方面(mian)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營者(zhe)因對市(shi)(shi)場(chang)信息了解不足，跟風(feng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，導致農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本居高(gao)不下，銷售困難，以至“菜(cai)賤傷(shang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”。另(ling)一(yi)方面(mian)，因中間采(cai)購(gou)(gou)商批量小、單位(wei)成(cheng)本增(zeng)加(jia)、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)環(huan)節多(duo)、額外開支過高(gao)，導致農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)價(jia)格(ge)上漲，最(zui)終“菜(cai)貴傷(shang)民(min)”[4]。

3.2農業生產要素配置(zhi)不合理

農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)要(yao)(yao)素是指(zhi)在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程中(zhong)，為獲得人們需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品必(bi)須投入的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)基(ji)本要(yao)(yao)素的(de)(de)(de)總稱，主要(yao)(yao)包(bao)括自然資源、勞動力(li)、資本以及(ji)科(ke)(ke)學技術(shu)等(deng)。我國各(ge)(ge)個地區在(zai)(zai)自然資源方面各(ge)(ge)具優(you)勢，但在(zai)(zai)勞動力(li)、資本和(he)科(ke)(ke)技的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)置(zhi)方面仍欠合(he)理。首先，現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)是技術(shu)高度密集產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，且科(ke)(ke)技應用(yong)多在(zai)(zai)流通環節。當前，雖(sui)然大型自動化機械(xie)已經廣泛(fan)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，但適用(yong)于(yu)(yu)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)微型先進(jin)機械(xie)設備研發遲(chi)緩，影響了多樣化的(de)(de)(de)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)進(jin)程。其次(ci)，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、服務和(he)管理領域的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)人才在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村普遍稀缺(que)，基(ji)層(ceng)新型職業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民培(pei)訓未能滿(man)足(zu)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)。再次(ci)，針對農(nong)(nong)(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)補(bu)貼制度、小(xiao)額貸款條件、融資租(zu)賃(lin)政策和(he)內(nei)部資金互助等(deng)仍需(xu)(xu)加大支持力(li)度。

3.3農業發展質量有(you)待提(ti)高

農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)是(shi)具有特殊性(xing)(xing)質的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，若其質量出(chu)現問(wen)題(ti)，不僅會(hui)影響農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的推(tui)廣(guang)，更會(hui)對消費者的安(an)全(quan)造成(cheng)不同(tong)程度的傷害(hai)。目(mu)前，雖然多(duo)數農(nong)業企業具有標準化生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)，并已形(xing)成(cheng)食品(pin)安(an)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業鏈條，但是(shi)由于灌溉水、土壤(rang)、大(da)氣等環境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)，放射性(xing)(xing)、轉基因(yin)等物理性(xing)(xing)污(wu)染(ran)，農(nong)藥(yao)、化肥、獸藥(yao)等化學性(xing)(xing)污(wu)染(ran)，再加上農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)缺乏安(an)全(quan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)，農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)管體系和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量追溯體系不完善等一系列(lie)原(yuan)因(yin)，仍易導致(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)事故，出(chu)現假冒(mao)偽劣產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，影響農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)牌效應(ying)的提高(gao)[5]。

3.4農業(ye)產業(ye)化程度較低

農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)是指通過現代化(hua)(hua)技術(shu)對(dui)傳統(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進行(xing)改造(zao)，推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)由傳統(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉變，實現農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)以市(shi)場為(wei)導(dao)向，以經濟效益為(wei)中心，以主導(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品為(wei)重點，通過優化(hua)(hua)組合各(ge)種生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)要素(su)，實行(xing)區域(yu)化(hua)(hua)布局、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、規模化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設、系列化(hua)(hua)加(jia)工(gong)、社會化(hua)(hua)服務、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)管理，形(xing)成(cheng)種養(yang)加(jia)工(gong)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供銷、貿工(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工(gong)商、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)科教(jiao)一體化(hua)(hua)的經營體系，使(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)走上自(zi)(zi)我發展、自(zi)(zi)我積累(lei)、自(zi)(zi)我約束、自(zi)(zi)我調節的良(liang)性發展軌(gui)道的現代化(hua)(hua)經營方式(shi)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組織形(xing)式(shi)。目前，我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)還處于(yu)發展完(wan)善(shan)階(jie)段，存在市(shi)場不健全(quan)、融(rong)資渠(qu)道缺(que)乏、管理機制不完(wan)善(shan)、龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展不足、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民組織化(hua)(hua)程度低等(deng)問題(ti)。而且，全(quan)國范圍內擁有完(wan)整產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)較少。

4“互聯網+現代農業”助力鄉村振興的路徑選擇

4.1發(fa)展(zhan)智慧(hui)農(nong)業，提(ti)升農(nong)業發(fa)展(zhan)質量

智(zhi)慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)指(zhi)充(chong)分(fen)應(ying)用(yong)現(xian)(xian)代信息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)果，集合應(ying)用(yong)計(ji)算機(ji)與(yu)(yu)網絡技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、物(wu)(wu)聯網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、音視頻技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、3S技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、無線通信技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)及(ji)(ji)專家(jia)智(zhi)慧與(yu)(yu)知(zhi)識(shi)，實現(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)可視化遠程診斷(duan)、遠程控制、災變(bian)預警等(deng)智(zhi)能(neng)管理。智(zhi)慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)是智(zhi)慧經(jing)(jing)濟的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)，是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)中的(de)(de)智(zhi)慧經(jing)(jing)濟，也是智(zhi)慧經(jing)(jing)濟形態(tai)(tai)在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)中的(de)(de)具體(ti)表現(xian)(xian)。智(zhi)慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)是我(wo)國實現(xian)(xian)后(hou)發(fa)優(you)勢(shi)、讓經(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)展后(hou)來居上、實現(xian)(xian)鄉村振興的(de)(de)主要(yao)途徑[6]。首先，通過(guo)互(hu)聯網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)打造(zao)都(dou)(dou)市生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)。都(dou)(dou)市生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)/農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)經(jing)(jing)研究/·77·農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)指(zhi)地處都(dou)(dou)市及(ji)(ji)其(qi)延伸地帶，緊密依(yi)托(tuo)并服務(wu)于(yu)都(dou)(dou)市，將農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、生(sheng)活、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)等(deng)“三生(sheng)”功能(neng)結(jie)合于(yu)一體(ti)，并具有(you)休閑娛樂、旅游觀光(guang)、教育和創新功能(neng)的(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)。消(xiao)(xiao)費者可以在(zai)都(dou)(dou)市生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)園區自己(ji)動手，充(chong)分(fen)參與(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作物(wu)(wu)種植，從(cong)(cong)而滿足其(qi)購(gou)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)驗需(xu)求。其(qi)次，通過(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)聯網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)“追根(gen)溯源”。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)聯網技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)可以使每(mei)一個農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)從(cong)(cong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)之初就具有(you)身(shen)份編碼。消(xiao)(xiao)費者可以通過(guo)掃描農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)二維碼，掌握其(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、加工(gong)、運輸(shu)等(deng)詳細信息(xi)，清(qing)楚了解農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)質量安(an)全是否符合標準，從(cong)(cong)而安(an)心購(gou)買(mai)和食(shi)用(yong)。

4.2發展電商農業，緩解農產品供(gong)求矛盾

傳統購(gou)物過程中(zhong)，農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)和(he)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)（主要指農(nong)(nong)民）之間往往存(cun)在嚴重(zhong)的(de)信息(xi)不對稱。大多數情況下，消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)法向(xiang)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)表達自(zi)身需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，而供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)無(wu)法根據消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)實(shi)際需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)進行生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，容易(yi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)“難買、難賣”的(de)問(wen)題。電商農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)C2B模(mo)(mo)式，可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)向(xiang)“產(chan)(chan)消(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)”的(de)角色轉變，從而緩解供(gong)(gong)(gong)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)矛盾。C2B即(ji)ConsumertoBusiness（消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)到商業(ye)），是(shi)互聯網(wang)經濟時(shi)代的(de)一(yi)種新型商業(ye)模(mo)(mo)式。這一(yi)模(mo)(mo)式改變了(le)原有生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)（供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)）和(he)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)關系，是(shi)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)貢獻價(jia)(jia)(jia)值，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)價(jia)(jia)(jia)值的(de)模(mo)(mo)式。通常情況下，消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)先提出需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，然后供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)根據需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)組織生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)根據自(zi)身需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)定制產(chan)(chan)品和(he)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)，也(ye)可(ke)主動(dong)參(can)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)品設計、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)定價(jia)(jia)(jia)。C2B模(mo)(mo)式下的(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品及價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)彰顯了(le)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)個性化需求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。此外，C2B模(mo)(mo)式下的(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品具有以(yi)下4種特征：一(yi)是(shi)保證了(le)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)平等，因(yin)為相同(tong)(tong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商的(de)相同(tong)(tong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品無(wu)論通過哪種互聯網(wang)商務終端(duan)渠道購(gou)買，價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)都一(yi)樣，渠道即(ji)中(zhong)介平臺不掌握定價(jia)(jia)(jia)權，避免了(le)因(yin)為價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)信息(xi)不對稱而造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)和(he)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)共同(tong)(tong)損失的(de)情況；二是(shi)保證了(le)C2B農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)組成(cheng)(cheng)結構合理(li)；三是(shi)保證了(le)渠道透(tou)明；四是(shi)保證了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)透(tou)明。可(ke)見，C2B模(mo)(mo)式能夠促成(cheng)(cheng)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品“產(chan)(chan)銷一(yi)體”的(de)實(shi)現。

4.3發展共享(xiang)農業(ye)，提高農業(ye)全要素生產(chan)率(lv)

《鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興戰略規劃2018—2022》指(zhi)出，實(shi)施(shi)休閑農(nong)業(ye)(ye)和鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)旅(lv)游精(jing)品(pin)工程，發展(zhan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)經(jing)濟(ji)等新業(ye)(ye)態(tai)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)科技、人文(wen)等元(yuan)素融入農(nong)業(ye)(ye)。共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)經(jing)濟(ji)是(shi)指(zhi)把社(she)會閑置(zhi)的(de)(de)物(wu)品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)權暫(zan)時轉租(zu)，實(shi)現(xian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)態(tai)及時、精(jing)準高效(xiao)、供(gong)需(xu)對(dui)接(jie)的(de)(de)一種資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)整(zheng)合(he)經(jing)濟(ji)模式，其運(yun)用(yong)到農(nong)業(ye)(ye)領域已經(jing)有(you)(you)(you)十幾年的(de)(de)歷史。共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)借助“零邊(bian)際成本”的(de)(de)互(hu)聯網(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)，匯集綜合(he)農(nong)戶的(de)(de)生(sheng)產和消費(fei)(fei)(fei)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，讓資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)持(chi)有(you)(you)(you)者(zhe)和需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)信息對(dui)接(jie)、動(dong)(dong)(dong)態(tai)分(fen)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，提(ti)高農(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活資(zi)料的(de)(de)利用(yong)率，延長產業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)，提(ti)升價值鏈(lian)，拓(tuo)展(zhan)增(zeng)收鏈(lian)，實(shi)現(xian)規模化效(xiao)益。近年來，我(wo)國(guo)部分(fen)企業(ye)(ye)充(chong)分(fen)運(yun)用(yong)互(hu)聯網(wang)技術(shu)，延長共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)，提(ti)升價值鏈(lian)，拓(tuo)展(zhan)增(zeng)收鏈(lian)。如(ru)在傳統(tong)的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)農(nong)莊之上(shang)增(zeng)加了共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)交易平臺(tai)(tai)，利用(yong)“互(hu)聯網(wang)+”與VR等技術(shu)，把農(nong)村(cun)(cun)閑置(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)與消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者(zhe)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)相對(dui)接(jie)，從而實(shi)現(xian)閑置(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)社(she)會共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，取得相應的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)利益。其作用(yong)就是(shi)將農(nong)村(cun)(cun)閑置(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)產品(pin)化，成為消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者(zhe)可以(yi)直(zhi)接(jie)共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)產品(pin)，實(shi)現(xian)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)最(zui)大化配對(dui)。由此可見，共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)不僅(jin)可以(yi)提(ti)高農(nong)業(ye)(ye)全要素生(sheng)產率，而且還(huan)能達到政府、企業(ye)(ye)、農(nong)民和消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者(zhe)“四贏(ying)”的(de)(de)局面，有(you)(you)(you)力(li)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興。

4.4發(fa)(fa)展農業全(quan)產(chan)業鏈，推動(dong)農業產(chan)業化優質發(fa)(fa)展

農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)是指以消費(fei)者(zhe)為(wei)導向，從(cong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)源頭(tou)做起，經過種(zhong)植、養(yang)殖、屠(tu)宰(zai)、加(jia)工、物流、銷售(shou)、品(pin)牌(pai)推廣等(deng)每個(ge)環節，形成(cheng)安全(quan)(quan)、營養(yang)、健(jian)康的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)供應的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)過程。我國現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)要擴大規模，創立品(pin)牌(pai)，提高(gao)效益，保障(zhang)食品(pin)質量安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)可追溯(su)，最好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)辦法就是將(jiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)條的(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)環節全(quan)(quan)歸于一個(ge)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)旗下，形成(cheng)優質的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)模式。要打(da)造(zao)優質的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)，運用農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網技術(shu)，實(shi)現對農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)從(cong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)到消費(fei)整(zheng)個(ge)過程的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)時監控、及時發現問題(ti)、準確解(jie)決問題(ti)，保證農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)質量生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，從(cong)而(er)打(da)造(zao)消費(fei)者(zhe)信得過的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)牌(pai)。此外(wai)，還要加(jia)快培(pei)育農(nong)(nong)(nong)商(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)盟、農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化聯(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)體(ti)(ti)等(deng)新型產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)主體(ti)(ti)，打(da)造(zao)一批產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷一體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集群。

5結束語

“互(hu)聯(lian)網+現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)”是網絡科技快速發展的必然產物，現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)需要借(jie)助互(hu)聯(lian)網才能(neng)得到長(chang)足的發展，要通(tong)過整合(he)網絡資源，讓(rang)鄉村發展更加科學(xue)化、系(xi)統化，更好地發揮地域優勢，整合(he)優勢資源，實(shi)現(xian)農(nong)民(min)的增(zeng)收。

參考文獻：

［1］傅澤(ze)田(tian)，張領先，李鑫(xin)星.互聯(lian)網+現代(dai)農業(ye)(ye)：邁向智(zhi)慧農業(ye)(ye)時代(dai)［M］.北(bei)京：電(dian)子(zi)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)出版(ban)社(she)，2016.

［2］李寧(ning)，潘曉，徐(xu)英(ying)淇.互聯網(wang)+農(nong)業(ye)：助(zhu)力(li)傳統農(nong)業(ye)轉型升級［M］.北京：機(ji)械工業(ye)出版社，2015.

［3］國務院發(fa)展研究(jiu)中(zhong)心農村經濟(ji)研究(jiu)部課題組.中(zhong)國特色農業現代化道路研究(jiu)［M］.北京：中(zhong)國發(fa)展出版社(she)，2012.

 ［4］耿明(ming)齋.中(zhong)國(guo)農業現代化(hua)：困惑(huo)與探索［M］.北京(jing)：社會(hui)科(ke)學(xue)文獻(xian)出版社，2015.

［5］李圣軍(jun).“互(hu)聯網+現(xian)代(dai)農業”全產業鏈融合(he)架構與模式［J］.湖北(bei)經濟(ji)學(xue)院學(xue)報(bao)，2016，14（3）：11-17.

［6］謝東升.“互(hu)聯網+”現代農業的創新發展(zhan)機制研究［D］.貴(gui)陽：貴(gui)州大學，2016.

作者：張茹 單(dan)位：中(zhong)共(gong)鄭州(zhou)市委(wei)黨(dang)校(xiao)