導語：東北(bei)地區傳統冰雪(xue)文化傳承策略一文來源于(yu)網友上傳，不代表本站觀點，若需要原創文章可咨詢客(ke)服(fu)老師，歡迎參(can)考。

摘要：中國2022年冬季奧運會的成功舉辦，標志著中國冰雪文化進入了新時期。在這一新的歷史方位上，中國傳統冰雪文化的傳承成為了重要任務。東北地區作為我國冰雪資源最豐富的地區，同樣是我國傳統冰雪文化傳承與發展的核心地區，我們要借助2022年冬奧會的契機，大力發展東北地區傳統冰雪文化產業，夯實東北地區傳統冰雪文化公共事業的基礎，保證中國在冬奧后傳統冰雪文化持續發展。文章采用文獻資料法、訪談法對東北地區傳統冰雪文化傳承策略進行研究，提出推動冰雪特色城鎮建設、嵌(qian)入信息化技術、并入法制化軌(gui)道、進入教育化進程四條傳承策略。

1東北地區傳統冰雪文化的內涵與意義

東(dong)北地區傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)是(shi)指在中國(guo)(guo)東(dong)北地區世代生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)各族人(ren)民(min)面對冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)環(huan)境，在歷史的(de)長河中，逐漸形成(cheng)并帶有冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)符號和(he)東(dong)北地域特色的(de)思維方式(shi)、價值觀念、生(sheng)活(huo)方式(shi)、行為(wei)規范(fan)、藝術文(wen)(wen)化(hua)、運動項目等。夯實(shi)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運動群眾基礎、做(zuo)強(qiang)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)產業(ye)、繁榮冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，從各方面展(zhan)(zhan)示出冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運動的(de)強(qiang)才能真正使我國(guo)(guo)稱(cheng)之為(wei)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運動強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)。[1]而(er)新時(shi)代冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運動強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)建設需要做(zuo)好中國(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)承。東(dong)北地區在大力發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)過程中，可(ke)以更好地發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產業(ye)和(he)建設冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)公共事業(ye)，弘(hong)揚民(min)族傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，為(wei)全民(min)共享(xiang)東(dong)北地區傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)奠定基礎，為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家“三(san)億(yi)人(ren)參與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運動”提供途徑(jing)，同時(shi)可(ke)以發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)旅游產業(ye)，拉(la)動經(jing)(jing)濟增(zeng)長，提高(gao)就業(ye)率，留住人(ren)口和(he)吸引人(ren)才，轉變(bian)經(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方式(shi)，實(shi)現(xian)可(ke)持續發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。

2東北地區傳統冰雪文化傳承面臨的問題

第一，專業人(ren)才和文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)資源(yuan)流失嚴(yan)(yan)重。東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)承需要專業人(ren)才，想要更(geng)好(hao)地(di)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)更(geng)需要專業人(ren)才，但因為經(jing)濟等原因，東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)人(ren)才流失嚴(yan)(yan)重。[2]東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)資源(yuan)很多(duo)保存于(yu)民間，缺少傳(chuan)承和保護所需的(de)(de)資金和專業人(ren)員。第二，政(zheng)(zheng)府相關(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策與法(fa)律法(fa)規落后。對于(yu)東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)承的(de)(de)相關(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策法(fa)規，在很長一段時間內都(dou)處于(yu)落后的(de)(de)狀態。在中(zhong)國申辦2022冬奧(ao)會成(cheng)功之后，落后情況有所改觀(guan)，但總(zong)體(ti)還是(shi)處于(yu)不健全的(de)(de)狀態。第三(san)，傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)難以融入教(jiao)育(yu)進程。我國學校(xiao)教(jiao)育(yu)多(duo)知識灌輸，少文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)承。學校(xiao)不重視，學生自(zi)然難以學習和了(le)解(jie)東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，下一代不學習了(le)解(jie)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，傳(chuan)承又如何說起。第四，冬奧(ao)后的(de)(de)可(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)問題。近幾年，東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)借助冬奧(ao)契機和國家(jia)大(da)力開展(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動的(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策有所發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，但冬奧(ao)之后東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)如何繼續(xu)(xu)高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)問題也(ye)應提上日(ri)程。

3東北地區傳統冰雪文化傳承的策略

3.1推(tui)動冰雪(xue)特色城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建設中國傳統冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)因(yin)(yin)地(di)理環(huan)境因(yin)(yin)素肇始(shi)，因(yin)(yin)生(sheng)產活(huo)動而(er)發展，因(yin)(yin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)生(sheng)活(huo)而(er)演進(jin)，并最終成為兼具大眾(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)休閑與民(min)族表征(zheng)的(de)(de)一種東方冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)形態。[3]推(tui)進(jin)冰雪(xue)特色城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建設，需要(yao)專業人(ren)(ren)才，需要(yao)留(liu)住本地(di)人(ren)(ren)，吸引(yin)外地(di)人(ren)(ren)，吸引(yin)愛好者，培養冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)人(ren)(ren)才，這樣才能(neng)讓更多的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)知道冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、了(le)解冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、愛上冰雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)。

3.1.1推動(dong)(dong)(dong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)賽(sai)(sai)事(shi)(shi)特色(se)城鎮建設2015年(nian)7月(yue)31日(ri)，中國獲得(de)2022年(nian)冬(dong)季奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)舉辦(ban)權。在申辦(ban)報告中，我國政府向(xiang)國際奧(ao)委會(hui)(hui)(hui)做出(chu)“三億(yi)人(ren)上冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)莊嚴承諾。2018年(nian)9月(yue)5日(ri)，國家(jia)(jia)體育(yu)總局公布《“帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)三億(yi)人(ren)參(can)(can)與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”實施綱要(yao)(yao)(yao)(2018-2022年(nian))》。“帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)三億(yi)人(ren)參(can)(can)與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”不(bu)是(shi)(shi)說說而(er)已，而(er)是(shi)(shi)我國政府向(xiang)國際奧(ao)委會(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)中國人(ren)民(min)做出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)莊嚴承諾。冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作為冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)組(zu)成部分(fen)，發(fa)展(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)就是(shi)(shi)在傳(chuan)承冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化。而(er)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)場地(di)和(he)專業人(ren)員，東(dong)北地(di)區天然的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候優勢和(he)山地(di)資源優勢可以更好(hao)地(di)建造(zao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)場館，節約場館運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營成本，延長場館利(li)用率，為國家(jia)(jia)實現“帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)三億(yi)人(ren)參(can)(can)與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”提供支持。將競賽(sai)(sai)與健身、休閑與娛樂有機結合，提高全(quan)民(min)參(can)(can)與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱情。[6]當地(di)政府和(he)體育(yu)相關組(zu)織機構可以借助國家(jia)(jia)大力發(fa)展(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅利(li)，爭(zheng)取(qu)國家(jia)(jia)政策和(he)資金(jin)支持，傳(chuan)承東(dong)北傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化，打造(zao)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)賽(sai)(sai)事(shi)(shi)，不(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)讓2022年(nian)北京冬(dong)奧(ao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)成為中國冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂峰，而(er)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)讓冬(dong)奧(ao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)成為中國全(quan)民(min)進行(xing)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個新的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)點。打造(zao)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體育(yu)賽(sai)(sai)事(shi)(shi)，可以吸引各個國家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員和(he)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)愛(ai)好(hao)者前來，提高我國冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)競技水(shui)平(ping)，同時(shi)也能吸引更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)贊(zan)助商和(he)資金(jin)，更好(hao)地(di)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)賽(sai)(sai)事(shi)(shi)特色(se)城鎮建設。

3.1.2推動(dong)少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)城鎮(zhen)建設(she)在國家(jia)“鄉村振興(xing)”等政(zheng)策帶動(dong)下，國家(jia)對(dui)少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)城鎮(zhen)發展(zhan)模式也(ye)提出了(le)(le)新的(de)(de)(de)要求，特(te)(te)(te)別(bie)是擁(yong)有獨特(te)(te)(te)自然景觀(guan)或(huo)傳統文(wen)(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)，一旦找(zhao)到可持續地發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)路(lu)徑，對(dui)于(yu)加快少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)城鎮(zhen)化發展(zhan)必(bi)將(jiang)起到促(cu)進(jin)作用(yong)。[7]東(dong)北地區(qu)(qu)(qu)少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)由于(yu)世(shi)代生(sheng)活在東(dong)北的(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)天雪(xue)地里，各個少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)都對(dui)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)產生(sheng)了(le)(le)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)感(gan)情，同(tong)時也(ye)產生(sheng)了(le)(le)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化。依托少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)聚居地進(jin)行特(te)(te)(te)色(se)城鎮(zhen)化建設(she)，不(bu)僅可以保護(hu)和(he)傳承各民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)和(he)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化，而且還能保護(hu)和(he)傳承少(shao)(shao)(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)其他文(wen)(wen)化。

3.1.3推(tui)(tui)(tui)動冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)及(ji)其(qi)他產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特(te)色(se)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建(jian)設2020年(nian)10月14日(ri)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)信息化(hua)(hua)(hua)部裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)一司委(wei)托工(gong)信部工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中心(xin)在北京(jing)組(zu)織召開了(le)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)研討會，為(wei)貫(guan)徹落實《冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)行動計劃(hua)(2019-2022年(nian))》，就加(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、有效滿足大眾冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)動需求進行了(le)深入(ru)交流。發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)動發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)重要方面，也是(shi)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)動在中國長期發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)保障。作為(wei)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎，冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)可(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)對(dui)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)意(yi)義重大。[8]圍繞冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)器(qi)材(cai)、服裝及(ji)相(xiang)關(guan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推(tui)(tui)(tui)動城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設，既可(ke)以留住就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人口，也可(ke)吸引外來人才，重要地是(shi)能推(tui)(tui)(tui)動經濟可(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，最終推(tui)(tui)(tui)動傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)承。依托特(te)色(se)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建(jian)設，以冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)景(jing)點(dian)和(he)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)特(te)色(se)，在新型冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)色(se)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)配套餐飲、住宿等相(xiang)關(guan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)供更多創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機會和(he)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)崗位，建(jian)立(li)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)扶貧機制，形成(cheng)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)色(se)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)持(chi)續繁榮發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。在冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)色(se)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)繁榮發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)同時，才能更好地保護、傳(chuan)承和(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)。

3.2嵌入信息化(hua)(hua)技(ji)術在(zai)當前大數據(ju)技(ji)術高(gao)速發展(zhan)的(de)(de)形勢下(xia)，文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承和(he)發展(zhan)也(ye)需要進入智慧化(hua)(hua)、智能化(hua)(hua)、高(gao)效化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)進程。在(zai)東北(bei)地區傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承和(he)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)過程中(zhong)嵌入信息化(hua)(hua)技(ji)術是(shi)必(bi)要的(de)(de)，也(ye)是(shi)必(bi)須(xu)的(de)(de)。嵌入信息化(hua)(hua)技(ji)術，可以提高(gao)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)播速度和(he)效率，拓寬傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承路(lu)徑，可以讓更多人(ren)知道傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、了解傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、愛(ai)上(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冰(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)。

3.2.1冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)場館應用AI技(ji)術冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)場館是(shi)我國開(kai)展冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)基本(ben)載體(ti)，是(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)我國冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)大眾普及的(de)(de)重(zhong)要保(bao)障，也是(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中國冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)產(chan)業(ye)升(sheng)級的(de)(de)重(zhong)要環節。[9]通過人工(gong)智能(neng)對冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與(yu)(yu)者心理、生(sheng)理以(yi)及運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)技(ji)術進(jin)行(xing)分析(xi)，可以(yi)對冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與(yu)(yu)者的(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)進(jin)行(xing)錄像，指出其中技(ji)術動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作的(de)(de)不足，提高冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與(yu)(yu)者的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)技(ji)能(neng)水平和參(can)與(yu)(yu)程(cheng)度(du)，當冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與(yu)(yu)者在運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中感受到樂(le)趣，他(ta)就會從冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與(yu)(yu)者轉變為冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)愛(ai)好(hao)者，再把冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)愛(ai)好(hao)者進(jin)一步轉化(hua)為傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文化(hua)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)播(bo)者和傳(chuan)承者。

3.2.2冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)管理智能化(hua)建(jian)立(li)東(dong)北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)場館智能化(hua)管理和交流平(ping)臺。在東(dong)北(bei)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)和場館內應用(yong)智能化(hua)設備(bei)，方便景(jing)區(qu)(qu)管理人員(yuan)了解景(jing)區(qu)(qu)實時情況，提高景(jing)區(qu)(qu)工作人員(yuan)工作效率和景(jing)區(qu)(qu)管理水平(ping)，提升游(you)客旅游(you)體(ti)驗，保證游(you)客旅游(you)安全。建(jian)立(li)東(dong)北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)行業交流平(ping)臺，互(hu)相(xiang)分享(xiang)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)行業經驗，互(hu)相(xiang)提供幫助(zhu)，實現資源和信息共(gong)享(xiang)，實現冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)行業共(gong)贏，最(zui)終達到傳承(cheng)傳統冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)目的(de)。

3.3并入(ru)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)化(hua)軌(gui)道充(chong)分(fen)認識保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)文(wen)化(hua)遺產的(de)重要性和(he)(he)緊迫性，是我(wo)國做(zuo)好(hao)文(wen)化(hua)遺產保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)工作的(de)重要前提。我(wo)國也一直在傳(chuan)承(cheng)、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)發展傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化(hua)，2005年12月(yue)國務院發布《關于(yu)加強文(wen)化(hua)遺產保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)通知》，并制(zhi)(zhi)定了“國家+省+市+縣”4級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)體系(xi)。后(hou)來，國務院又出臺了《歷史文(wen)化(hua)名城名鎮名村保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)條例》等一系(xi)列(lie)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)規章，將東北傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰雪文(wen)化(hua)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)傳(chuan)承(cheng)并入(ru)法(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)軌(gui)道，是積極推進傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)冰雪文(wen)化(hua)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)傳(chuan)承(cheng)的(de)重要一步，也是保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)中國傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化(hua)遺產的(de)一大步。

3.3.1立法(fa)(fa)(fa)和完(wan)善(shan)相關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)東北地區傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪文(wen)化東北傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪文(wen)化的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)傳(chuan)承(cheng)需要立法(fa)(fa)(fa)和完(wan)善(shan)相關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)。立法(fa)(fa)(fa)和完(wan)善(shan)相關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)可以更好地建立健(jian)全傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪文(wen)化保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和傳(chuan)承(cheng)規(gui)范，及時(shi)解決相關問題，加(jia)強傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪文(wen)化保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管理，落實監督(du)責(ze)任，保(bao)(bao)證東北傳(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)雪文(wen)化更好地傳(chuan)承(cheng)。

3.3.2出(chu)臺(tai)(tai)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)引(yin)導東(dong)北地(di)(di)(di)區傳統冰(bing)雪文化(hua)(hua)事(shi)(shi)業(ye)發展我們要堅持(chi)依(yi)法和(he)科(ke)學保護(hu)，突出(chu)重點。國(guo)家和(he)地(di)(di)(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)出(chu)臺(tai)(tai)相關傳統冰(bing)雪文化(hua)(hua)遺產保護(hu)與傳承政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，尤其是東(dong)北地(di)(di)(di)區地(di)(di)(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)應針對本地(di)(di)(di)特(te)色冰(bing)雪文化(hua)(hua)，建立公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)冰(bing)雪文化(hua)(hua)事(shi)(shi)業(ye)服務平臺(tai)(tai)，提高滿足人(ren)們冰(bing)雪文化(hua)(hua)需求(qiu)的(de)能力，保障公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)文化(hua)(hua)事(shi)(shi)業(ye)服務的(de)社會(hui)效(xiao)益。

3.3.3制(zhi)定管理辦(ban)(ban)(ban)法規范傳統冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)2022年(nian)冬奧會對(dui)我國冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業是一個重(zhong)要的(de)(de)機遇，我國冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業一定會在這個時(shi)(shi)期井(jing)噴式發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。政府(fu)部門要適(shi)時(shi)(shi)推出(chu)(chu)合理的(de)(de)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)政策，同時(shi)(shi)在制(zhi)定管理辦(ban)(ban)(ban)法時(shi)(shi)應遵循創新、協調、可持(chi)續(xu)以及共享發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)原則。[9]政府(fu)和(he)相關社會組(zu)織(zhi)要對(dui)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業已經(jing)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)和(he)可能會出(chu)(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)進(jin)行分(fen)析匯總，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)解決問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)方法，制(zhi)定冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業的(de)(de)治(zhi)理辦(ban)(ban)(ban)法，滿(man)足(zu)人們多(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)的(de)(de)冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)需(xu)求，提(ti)高冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益，實現(xian)傳統冰(bing)雪(xue)(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)產(chan)業和(he)地方經(jing)濟共贏。

3.4進(jin)入教育化(hua)(hua)(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)需要(yao)進(jin)入教育化(hua)(hua)(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)。將(jiang)(jiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)引(yin)入東(dong)北地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)，將(jiang)(jiang)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)加入到體育與健(jian)康課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)中。[10]讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)有(you)機會(hui)了(le)解傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，有(you)機會(hui)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)和參與冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)動(dong)，最(zui)終(zhong)讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)愛上(shang)(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，愛上(shang)(shang)中華民族(zu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。東(dong)北地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校具有(you)發展(zhan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)項目(mu)特(te)色(se)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)域優(you)勢，因此東(dong)北地(di)(di)區冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)體育課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)建設受到廣泛關注。東(dong)北地(di)(di)區有(you)非常豐(feng)富的(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)和各種場地(di)(di)場館，這是得天獨厚的(de)(de)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，我們(men)(men)要(yao)盡可(ke)能地(di)(di)利用起來。將(jiang)(jiang)東(dong)北地(di)(di)區傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)加進(jin)地(di)(di)方課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)和校本(ben)課(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)中，符合學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)需求和傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)的(de)(de)需要(yao)。在我國，青少年冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)人才培(pei)養的(de)(de)地(di)(di)位不言(yan)而喻，將(jiang)(jiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)引(yin)入校園可(ke)以做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)人才的(de)(de)選(xuan)材與培(pei)養。在冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)中，將(jiang)(jiang)本(ben)地(di)(di)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)民俗文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、少數民族(zu)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等融入其中，引(yin)導他們(men)(men)關注和研(yan)究冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，讓(rang)他們(men)(men)愛上(shang)(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，同時可(ke)以更好(hao)(hao)地(di)(di)激發學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)愛鄉和愛國之情。

4結語

我國(guo)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)繼承(cheng)(cheng)與發(fa)(fa)展，主要(yao)體現在對傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)(cheng)上，把握冬奧(ao)機遇，實(shi)現冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)超(chao)越(yue)。東北地(di)(di)區(qu)是中(zhong)國(guo)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)起源之地(di)(di)，也是中(zhong)國(guo)現代冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)核心地(di)(di)區(qu)。東北地(di)(di)區(qu)做好(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)(cheng)對于發(fa)(fa)展冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)、完善冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)公共事(shi)業(ye)以(yi)及實(shi)現全民共享(xiang)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是十分重要(yao)的(de)。發(fa)(fa)揮東北地(di)(di)區(qu)地(di)(di)域(yu)優勢(shi)，建(jian)設新型冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)特色城(cheng)鎮，引(yin)入智能技術、建(jian)設信息平(ping)臺(tai)，在各級各類(lei)學校(xiao)中(zhong)加入冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)元(yuan)素，出臺(tai)符合新形勢(shi)的(de)法律法規和(he)政策方針，是傳(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)(cheng)東北地(di)(di)區(qu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)重要(yao)實(shi)踐策略。

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作者:王(wang)成乾(qian) 單位:東北師范大學(xue)體育學(xue)院