導(dao)語：土木工(gong)程施工(gong)裂縫處理辦法一(yi)文來(lai)源于網友(you)上傳(chuan)，不(bu)代(dai)表本站觀點，若需要(yao)原創文章可咨詢客(ke)服老師，歡迎參考(kao)。

摘要：為了進一步提升土木工程施工質量，本次研究中重點從施工裂縫的視角切入，首先分析了工程施工中裂縫處理工作開展的(de)必要(yao)性。隨(sui)后(hou)，整理(li)了土木工程施工中(zhong)常(chang)見的(de)幾種(zhong)裂(lie)縫(feng)類型，并就裂(lie)縫(feng)的(de)形(xing)成(cheng)原因(yin)進(jin)行了分別(bie)探討，最(zui)后(hou)提出了幾項工程裂(lie)縫(feng)處理(li)的(de)相關技術及管(guan)理(li)措(cuo)施，旨在借此進(jin)一步為土木工程施工質量(liang)提升起(qi)到促(cu)進(jin)作用。

關鍵詞：土木工程；施工管(guan)理；裂縫處理

隨著我國土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設項(xiang)目數(shu)量(liang)的(de)逐漸增多，國民對于(yu)各類(lei)(lei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)關(guan)注度隨之(zhi)提升，對于(yu)大部分(fen)(fen)人來講，關(guan)注土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)問題的(de)最典(dian)型狀況，就是觀察施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面是否出現(xian)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)類(lei)(lei)問題，而存在裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，必然也(ye)存在質(zhi)量(liang)問題。但部分(fen)(fen)土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，由于(yu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)管控不當而出現(xian)的(de)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)，也(ye)必須及時(shi)圍繞其進行成因分(fen)(fen)析，才(cai)能及時(shi)給出最適宜的(de)補救方案。鑒(jian)于(yu)此，本次研究(jiu)中圍繞土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中的(de)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)處理這一內容進行深入分(fen)(fen)析具有重要現(xian)實意義。

1土木工程施工中裂縫處理(li)工作開(kai)展(zhan)的(de)必要性

社(she)會(hui)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)不斷增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，使得國民的(de)(de)物質生(sheng)活水平也在隨之(zhi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。城市(shi)化建設的(de)(de)進程(cheng)中(zhong)，不同的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)物，是每個人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、生(sheng)活的(de)(de)重要場所(suo)，由(you)此(ci)可見，確保(bao)建筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)居住(zhu)安全、使用壽命(ming)，就成為土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)重中(zhong)之(zhi)重。但是在現(xian)(xian)有(you)的(de)(de)土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設中(zhong)，部分施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位所(suo)開(kai)展的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，并未做好現(xian)(xian)場的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量把控問題，導致各類(lei)安全事件頻發，尤(you)其是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)裂縫(feng)，在建筑(zhu)室內、外(wai)墻開(kai)始陸(lu)續出現(xian)(xian)，嚴重威脅了(le)國民的(de)(de)生(sheng)命(ming)財產(chan)安全，對于社(she)會(hui)效益(yi)以及經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)也造成了(le)極(ji)大的(de)(de)負面影響(xiang)。因而可得出，重點做好土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)階(jie)段的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂縫(feng)處理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)十分有(you)必要。

2土木工程施工中的裂縫類型

2.1塑性收縮裂縫

通(tong)常情況下(xia)，當(dang)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土的(de)澆(jiao)筑(zhu)施工(gong)完成后，還需(xu)進(jin)行成型處(chu)理，且(qie)在(zai)(zai)初凝(ning)(ning)(ning)之(zhi)時，當(dang)其在(zai)(zai)塑(su)(su)(su)性(xing)狀態(tai)下(xia)，綜(zong)合(he)分(fen)析混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土所(suo)受到的(de)減(jian)水(shui)(shui)劑影響情況，觀察(cha)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土表(biao)面(mian)的(de)固體(ti)顆粒是(shi)(shi)(shi)否生成溶劑化層，繼(ji)而確認混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土表(biao)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否生成水(shui)(shui)泥漿，以此(ci)通(tong)過全程管理的(de)形式，預防混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)塑(su)(su)(su)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)縮(suo)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，由于(yu)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土在(zai)(zai)澆(jiao)筑(zhu)之(zhi)后，所(suo)含(han)有的(de)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)極多，當(dang)所(suo)處(chu)區域的(de)空氣(qi)環境比較干燥(zao)時，或是(shi)(shi)(shi)施工(gong)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)地的(de)溫(wen)度(du)過高時，如現(xian)場(chang)技術人員并(bing)未(wei)結合(he)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土的(de)施工(gong)需(xu)求，去做針對性(xing)的(de)養(yang)護劑覆蓋工(gong)作，就會(hui)(hui)造成混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土內(nei)部水(shui)(shui)分(fen)蒸(zheng)發速度(du)過快(kuai)，出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土內(nei)部水(shui)(shui)分(fen)流(liu)失速度(du)超出(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)面(mian)脫水(shui)(shui)速度(du)的(de)情況，且(qie)會(hui)(hui)引(yin)發混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土面(mian)層體(ti)積收(shou)(shou)縮(suo)速度(du)隨之(zhi)加快(kuai)，一旦(dan)此(ci)時混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土的(de)強(qiang)度(du)較低，就會(hui)(hui)導致(zhi)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土開始出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)各種形態(tai)的(de)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)，此(ci)類(lei)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)塑(su)(su)(su)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)縮(suo)裂(lie)(lie)縫(feng)。

2.2塑性沉(chen)降裂(lie)縫

土木工(gong)程項目建設期(qi)間，施工(gong)用的骨料往(wang)往(wang)會在(zai)(zai)沉(chen)降因(yin)素的影響下，而導(dao)致(zhi)裂縫(feng)(feng)類(lei)問題(ti)出(chu)現，此類(lei)裂縫(feng)(feng)被稱之為塑(su)性沉(chen)降裂縫(feng)(feng)。一般情況下，此類(lei)裂縫(feng)(feng)生成(cheng)率最(zui)高(gao)的時(shi)間段，就是混(hun)凝土澆(jiao)筑處理之后，時(shi)間段維持(chi)在(zai)(zai)30min~2h之間。對其進行技術性的分(fen)析能夠發現，原因(yin)主(zhu)要(yao)是現場的澆(jiao)筑施工(gong)時(shi)，技術人員并未及時(shi)做好混(hun)凝土的定型處理工(gong)作，導(dao)致(zhi)混(hun)凝土的表面(mian)缺乏水(shui)光(guang)性，最(zui)終出(chu)現塑(su)性沉(chen)降類(lei)裂縫(feng)(feng)。

2.3溫度裂縫

混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)溫(wen)度裂(lie)縫的生(sheng)成，主要(yao)是(shi)該施(shi)工材料(liao)內(nei)(nei)部溫(wen)度與外部溫(wen)度之間(jian)差距(ju)太(tai)大而(er)產生(sheng)。裂(lie)縫產生(sheng)地點，主要(yao)集中在散熱(re)條件(jian)不(bu)足的混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)之內(nei)(nei)，如高層施(shi)工用的大體積(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)之中。混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)剛剛完(wan)成澆筑流程之后，其(qi)會在水化反應(ying)的生(sheng)成下，形成水化熱(re)現象，導致混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)內(nei)(nei)部體積(ji)(ji)呈(cheng)自由膨脹狀(zhuang)態，一(yi)旦(dan)溫(wen)度達到最高，混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)會逐漸固(gu)結，而(er)在后續(xu)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)溫(wen)度開(kai)始下降(jiang)時，很(hen)容易因體積(ji)(ji)收(shou)縮(suo)而(er)形成裂(lie)縫。

3土木工程施工中的裂縫形成原因

3.1溫度原因

所有的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工程建設中，混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)一直是十(shi)分(fen)關鍵性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)材料構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)，其對于(yu)施(shi)工的(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)、安全性(xing)等均具有顯著的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。但分(fen)析混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)材料之后卻能夠發現(xian)，其攜帶者“熱脹(zhang)冷縮”的(de)(de)(de)特征(zheng)，一旦外界溫(wen)度出現(xian)突(tu)發性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)，混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)內部的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度也會(hui)(hui)隨(sui)之發生(sheng)(sheng)變化(hua)，并(bing)且內外溫(wen)度差值越來越大(da)(da)，繼而導致混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)內部結(jie)構(gou)(gou)隨(sui)之出現(xian)比較明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)變形類問題(ti)。與此(ci)同時(shi)，當混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)內部構(gou)(gou)件所生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)拉應(ying)力達到(dao)一定標準時(shi)，如(ru)超(chao)出混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)構(gou)(gou)件的(de)(de)(de)抗裂能力，則極易(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)施(shi)工裂縫。此(ci)外，土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工程中混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)由液態(tai)轉(zhuan)變為固態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)硬化(hua)過程中，混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)需要吸收大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)，此(ci)時(shi)內部就會(hui)(hui)快(kuai)速升溫(wen)，如(ru)此(ci)階段未做(zuo)好相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)補水(shui)(shui)工作，裂縫的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)概率也會(hui)(hui)變大(da)(da)。

3.2地基變形原(yuan)因

對于土(tu)(tu)木(mu)類(lei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)來講，地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)結構(gou)(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)性構(gou)(gou)成部(bu)分，但在(zai)不同的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)條(tiao)件下(xia)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)處理成果下(xia)，很可能會出(chu)現(xian)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)移一類(lei)情況(kuang)。當土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)已經出(chu)現(xian)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)移狀(zhuang)況(kuang)時(shi)，地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)邊必(bi)然會受到(dao)因位(wei)(wei)移而產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)應力強度變化影(ying)響(xiang)，一旦地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)所承(cheng)載或是(shi)經受的(de)(de)(de)強度超(chao)出(chu)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)原本的(de)(de)(de)拉伸范(fan)圍，土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之上就會開始形成施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裂縫，影(ying)響(xiang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，還會造成極大的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)安(an)全隱患。通(tong)常情況(kuang)，地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)出(chu)現(xian)位(wei)(wei)移的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，其(qi)影(ying)響(xiang)條(tiao)件相(xiang)對較多，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)水土(tu)(tu)結構(gou)(gou)處理不當、地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量不符(fu)合施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)求(qiu)，是(shi)兩項重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)因素，繼而造成土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)出(chu)現(xian)沉降類(lei)問題，誘發施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裂縫問題產生(sheng)(sheng)。

3.3鋼筋銹蝕原因

鋼(gang)筋材(cai)料，在(zai)土木工(gong)(gong)程建設中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用頻(pin)率以及應(ying)用量均(jun)十(shi)分高，屬(shu)于該類工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)核心原(yuan)(yuan)料之一(yi)。但是，在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場，如未做好(hao)鋼(gang)筋材(cai)料的(de)存(cun)儲、保養(yang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，其(qi)很容易出現(xian)銹蝕(shi)類問題，原(yuan)(yuan)理在(zai)于鋼(gang)筋之內的(de)鐵元素長期暴(bao)露于空氣(qi)中(zhong)，會(hui)(hui)形成氧化膜(mo)，當鋼(gang)筋與(yu)水分子、氧原(yuan)(yuan)子結合之后，就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)直(zhi)接對鋼(gang)筋材(cai)料的(de)表面(mian)結構形成侵(qin)蝕(shi)，為后續(xu)的(de)土木工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)裂縫形成埋下(xia)隱患(huan)。

3.4質量把控(kong)不到位(wei)原(yuan)因(yin)

土(tu)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設過程(cheng)(cheng)中，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)質量(liang)把控(kong)直接影(ying)響了工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)后續的(de)(de)投用(yong)效益、使用(yong)壽命等(deng)。但是，在(zai)部分土(tu)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，仍舊存在(zai)多種形(xing)式的(de)(de)質量(liang)管(guan)控(kong)不(bu)到位(wei)類問題，導致工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)受影(ying)響，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)裂縫(feng)出(chu)現(xian)。例如，在(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，現(xian)場(chang)技術處理人員對于混凝土(tu)的(de)(de)配比(bi)缺乏合(he)理性(xing)，繼而造成質量(liang)不(bu)符合(he)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)要求，最(zui)終為(wei)裂縫(feng)問題的(de)(de)形(xing)成鋪墊條件(jian)。

4土木工程施工中的裂縫處理辦法

4.1土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的裂縫處理技術

4.1.1修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，建(jian)筑結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)出(chu)現(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，首要選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)就是修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，此(ci)項技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)于民用(yong)建(jian)筑中(zhong)，修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)于裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面積比(bi)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)果比(bi)較(jiao)突(tu)出(chu)。在(zai)(zai)進行具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，現(xian)場施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員需要在(zai)(zai)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)執(zhi)行前，充分(fen)做(zuo)好(hao)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)交底工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，尤其(qi)是混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抹面工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，需要投放更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)精(jing)力(li)(li)(li)，且此(ci)項技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)實際操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)具(ju)有便(bian)捷性(xing)(xing)和快(kuai)捷性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)，技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)周期(qi)較(jiao)短。此(ci)外(wai)，應(ying)(ying)用(yong)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)觀方(fang)面通(tong)(tong)常(chang)會(hui)受到影響(xiang)，但對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)內(nei)部結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)影響(xiang)十分(fen)微弱(ruo)，且工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主體(ti)承載力(li)(li)(li)也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)產生過(guo)(guo)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)，可(ke)見裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)價值比(bi)較(jiao)突(tu)出(chu)，可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)大(da)部分(fen)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)采納。4.1.2加(jia)(jia)固技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)類(lei)(lei)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)后(hou)，還(huan)可(ke)使用(yong)加(jia)(jia)固處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。但相對(dui)于前文中(zhong)提到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)方(fang)案(an)來講，加(jia)(jia)固技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)于技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要求往往更(geng)高(gao)，不(bu)僅需要同步(bu)輔助更(geng)為科學、合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業方(fang)案(an)，還(huan)需要結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)出(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)原(yuan)(yuan)因，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)策(ce)(ce)，并且所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)策(ce)(ce)、方(fang)案(an)必(bi)(bi)須在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)始(shi)之(zhi)前，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)現(xian)場管理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)員審核通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)后(hou)，才能(neng)執(zhi)行相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)固施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)主要出(chu)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)上，那(nei)么就必(bi)(bi)須結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)做(zuo)好(hao)整體(ti)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，才能(neng)在(zai)(zai)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)后(hou)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)置，額外(wai)增加(jia)(jia)預防裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)擴大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)固點，并重點針(zhen)對(dui)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼筋(jin)或(huo)是碳纖維做(zuo)好(hao)粘貼(tie)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，借此(ci)促使土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)達(da)到最大(da)化(hua)(hua)。此(ci)外(wai)，當(dang)(dang)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)加(jia)(jia)固技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)開(kai)展土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)員還(huan)需做(zuo)好(hao)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗剪力(li)(li)(li)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測量和優化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，以(yi)此(ci)確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安全，進而延(yan)長(chang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命(ming)。4.1.3注漿(jiang)(jiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，當(dang)(dang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)出(chu)現(xian)漏水類(lei)(lei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，也(ye)必(bi)(bi)須及時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，而常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)就是注漿(jiang)(jiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。應(ying)(ying)用(yong)該項技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)進行技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，需要充分(fen)做(zuo)好(hao)如下工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)容：其(qi)一(yi)(yi)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)特(te)征，進行注漿(jiang)(jiang)封堵時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)采用(yong)超(chao)細水泥灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)材(cai)料(liao)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)，目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)于利用(yong)此(ci)類(lei)(lei)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲透性(xing)(xing)達(da)到堵水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而此(ci)類(lei)(lei)材(cai)料(liao)所具(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)性(xing)(xing)，也(ye)可(ke)在(zai)(zai)堵水之(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同步(bu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)次強化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。其(qi)二(er)，在(zai)(zai)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)期(qi)間(jian)，技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)員需要結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順序，嚴格(ge)按照“先兩(liang)端(duan)、后(hou)中(zhong)間(jian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)，從裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)位(wei)(wei)置開(kai)始(shi)注漿(jiang)(jiang)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，按照逐步(bu)面向裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)中(zhong)間(jian)位(wei)(wei)置推進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式，將裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水分(fen)排擠出(chu)來，也(ye)可(ke)很好(hao)地預防一(yi)(yi)端(duan)注漿(jiang)(jiang)而另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)出(chu)現(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)延(yan)長(chang)類(lei)(lei)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)出(chu)現(xian)。其(qi)三(san)，在(zai)(zai)進行高(gao)壓(ya)灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)把控必(bi)(bi)須做(zuo)好(hao)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，常(chang)規性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲水、漏水類(lei)(lei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)可(ke)控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)2kg/cm2以(yi)下。雖然壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)更(geng)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下，灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飽滿性(xing)(xing)更(geng)強，但壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)過(guo)(guo)大(da)則(ze)很可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)導致混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)出(chu)現(xian)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)劈(pi)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)類(lei)(lei)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，從而對(dui)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)造成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)可(ke)挽回(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破壞，影響(xiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量。

4.2土木(mu)工程施工中的裂縫(feng)處(chu)理辦法

4.2.1控制(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)開展土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)筑作業環(huan)節時(shi)(shi)，技術(shu)人員必(bi)須嚴(yan)格(ge)把(ba)(ba)控混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)筑厚(hou)度(du)(du)，甚(shen)至(zhi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)結(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)需(xu)求，適(shi)當將混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)進行(xing)(xing)縮(suo)減。具體(ti)而(er)言(yan)，為(wei)(wei)了(le)預(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)因(yin)溫(wen)度(du)(du)把(ba)(ba)控不當而(er)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)問題(ti)(ti)(ti)，應該重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)做(zuo)好(hao)如下處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作：其一，在混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)筑層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)在其上(shang)(shang)搭建一個面(mian)積適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遮陽板(ban)，以(yi)此(ci)防(fang)(fang)控自(zi)然界太陽照射所帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)過高問題(ti)(ti)(ti)。其二，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)體(ti)積混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，影響(xiang)溫(wen)度(du)(du)應力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化原因(yin)中(zhong)，就包括混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小這一內容，因(yin)此(ci)進行(xing)(xing)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)控制(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，需(xu)要嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設計標準、規格(ge)澆(jiao)(jiao)筑混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)模(mo)塊，預(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)。其三，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)筑期(qi)間(jian)(jian)，充(chong)分做(zuo)好(hao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)管埋設工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，降(jiang)(jiang)低溫(wen)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)通過水(shui)循環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)避免因(yin)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內外(wai)溫(wen)差過大(da)而(er)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)一類問題(ti)(ti)(ti)。其四，開展混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)攪(jiao)拌(ban)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)序時(shi)(shi)，技術(shu)人員在給混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)進行(xing)(xing)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)處理時(shi)(shi)，不可(ke)(ke)(ke)直接澆(jiao)(jiao)灌冷水(shui)，正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)先用(yong)(yong)冷水(shui)為(wei)(wei)碎(sui)石進行(xing)(xing)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)處理，隨(sui)后(hou)投用(yong)(yong)碎(sui)石進行(xing)(xing)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)攪(jiao)拌(ban)，此(ci)種(zhong)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)方(fang)法(fa)下，可(ke)(ke)(ke)高度(du)(du)預(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)因(yin)內外(wai)溫(wen)差過大(da)而(er)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)類問題(ti)(ti)(ti)。其五，當進行(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)養護時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)將經歷過冷水(shui)浸(jin)泡的(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)片、草(cao)料(liao)等一類材(cai)料(liao)覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)于混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)表面(mian)，并定(ding)期(qi)針對(dui)外(wai)表面(mian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)進行(xing)(xing)灑水(shui)維護，借此(ci)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)降(jiang)(jiang)低混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內外(wai)溫(wen)度(du)(du)過大(da)而(er)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)概率。4.2.2做(zuo)好(hao)后(hou)澆(jiao)(jiao)帶設計土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)控制(zhi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)就是(shi)對(dui)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)發生率進行(xing)(xing)預(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)，期(qi)間(jian)(jian)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)充(chong)分利用(yong)(yong)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)伸(shen)縮(suo)縫(feng)(feng)限制(zhi)結(jie)構長度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件實現(xian)(xian)(xian)。但此(ci)過程(cheng)中(zhong)需(xu)要注意(yi)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)伸(shen)縮(suo)縫(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構長度(du)(du)往(wang)往(wang)與混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)表面(mian)應力(li)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)呈(cheng)隱蔽(bi)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關聯(lian)，所以(yi)把(ba)(ba)控伸(shen)縮(suo)縫(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)規劃(hua)后(hou)澆(jiao)(jiao)帶施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)流程(cheng)，確保其符合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要求就成為(wei)(wei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)或是(shi)擴大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管控內容。另外(wai)，在應用(yong)(yong)后(hou)澆(jiao)(jiao)帶設計處理時(shi)(shi)，一定(ding)要結(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)求，才(cai)能從(cong)(cong)本質上(shang)(shang)降(jiang)(jiang)低施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)類問題(ti)(ti)(ti)生成。4.2.3提升施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)料(liao)配比合(he)理性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)，當混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)骨料(liao)吸收(shou)力(li)、含泥量均比較(jiao)高時(shi)(shi)，會增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)干縮(suo)性(xing)(xing)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)輔以(yi)減少(shao)水(shui)泥漿(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)低混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)干縮(suo)性(xing)(xing)。另外(wai)，為(wei)(wei)了(le)促使(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)和易性(xing)(xing)、泵送(song)性(xing)(xing)得以(yi)增(zeng)長，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)適(shi)量增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)高效減水(shui)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)量，以(yi)此(ci)預(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)(lie)縫(feng)(feng)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)。

5結束語

綜上所述，土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設中，想(xiang)要(yao)從根(gen)源避免(mian)出現(xian)(xian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裂縫類(lei)問(wen)題(ti)影響(xiang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，作為現(xian)(xian)場(chang)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理人員，首先(xian)需要(yao)做好(hao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，就是針對(dui)所有入場(chang)的(de)材料進行(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)把控(kong)，預防因材料質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)不佳形成裂縫。其(qi)次(ci)，在(zai)(zai)進行(xing)(xing)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)階段，對(dui)于施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)的(de)澆筑質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)管控(kong)也(ye)必須(xu)一一做到(dao)位(wei)，才能(neng)確保施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)節不會出現(xian)(xian)裂縫類(lei)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問(wen)題(ti)。最后，在(zai)(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后的(de)養(yang)(yang)護方面，尤其(qi)是混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)模塊的(de)養(yang)(yang)護工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，必須(xu)做到(dao)水(shui)分、養(yang)(yang)分充(chong)足(zu)，才能(neng)更好(hao)地避免(mian)土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)出現(xian)(xian)裂縫類(lei)問(wen)題(ti)形成，也(ye)才能(neng)更好(hao)地為土(tu)(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)優化奠定基礎(chu)。

作者(zhe)：葛振明 單位(wei)：蘇州市相城(cheng)檢測股份有限公司