導語：管理成熟度(du)模(mo)型(xing)與信息化判定(ding)一文(wen)來(lai)源于網友上傳，不代表本站觀(guan)點(dian)，若需(xu)要原創(chuang)文(wen)章(zhang)可咨詢客服老師(shi)，歡迎參考。

【內容摘要】本文首先分析了企業管理水平提升的常用方法，參考CMMI模型提出針對企業管理水平的成熟度模型，并通過分析企業管理與信息化之間的關系，提出一種基于信息化水平快速判定企業管(guan)理成熟度(du)等(deng)級的(de)方法，可(ke)幫助企業快速(su)了解自身管(guan)理水(shui)平，有針對性地提(ti)升企業管(guan)理效率。

【關鍵詞】企(qi)業管理(li)；成熟度模型；信息化；運(yun)行效率(lv)

企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要目的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)高企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)高低(di)決定了(le)(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)高低(di)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)核心是(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)活動，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)很大程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)上取決于生(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)活動的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)能(neng)力和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力都是(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)核心競爭(zheng)力；鑒于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)具有(you)(you)復雜性(xing)、多(duo)(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)和動態性(xing)等特點，如(ru)何評(ping)價其管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)和經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)成為困擾管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者的(de)(de)(de)難題。對于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)界通(tong)常采用效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)研(yan)究方法進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)評(ping)價，一般(ban)選(xuan)擇管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)費(fei)(fei)用率(lv)(lv)(lv)（管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)費(fei)(fei)用與營(ying)(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入比率(lv)(lv)(lv)）和資本(ben)收益率(lv)(lv)(lv)（凈利潤與平(ping)(ping)均資本(ben)比率(lv)(lv)(lv)）分別(bie)作為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)和經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)量化(hua)(hua)(hua)評(ping)價指標。有(you)(you)學(xue)者研(yan)究中國(guo)制造企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)后(hou)發現(xian)(xian)多(duo)(duo)(duo)個規律：所有(you)(you)制屬性(xing)對管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)影響頗大，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)費(fei)(fei)用率(lv)(lv)(lv)和資本(ben)收益率(lv)(lv)(lv)存在(zai)(zai)顯(xian)著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)向關(guan)系(xi)，開發國(guo)外市(shi)場和開發新產品會導致管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)費(fei)(fei)用率(lv)(lv)(lv)上升，市(shi)場競爭(zheng)能(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)提(ti)升等。事實上，影響企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)很多(duo)(duo)(duo)，涉及組(zu)織機構(gou)、規章制度(du)(du)(du)、職(zhi)責分工、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務流(liu)(liu)(liu)程(cheng)、人員素(su)質、激勵考核、企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)、發展階(jie)段等方面，不(bu)僅涉及面廣，而(er)且相互關(guan)聯或交叉。顯(xian)然(ran)，提(ti)高企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)運(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)是(shi)(shi)(shi)個系(xi)統工程(cheng)，具有(you)(you)長期性(xing)、復雜性(xing)和系(xi)統性(xing)等特點，很難立竿見影，需要長期堅持，單(dan)純使用管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)費(fei)(fei)用率(lv)(lv)(lv)來評(ping)價管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)缺乏全(quan)面性(xing)。當(dang)今，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都在(zai)(zai)通(tong)過數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)來提(ti)高經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，智慧企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)概念已經(jing)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)，但尚(shang)未形成統一定義(yi)。有(you)(you)學(xue)者認為，智慧企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)站在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)整體的(de)(de)(de)角度(du)(du)(du)，強化(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)聯網(wang)建設、深化(hua)(hua)(hua)大數(shu)據(ju)挖(wa)掘、推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)變革創(chuang)新，將(jiang)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)信息(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)、工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)深度(du)(du)(du)融合，實現(xian)(xian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全(quan)要素(su)數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)感知、網(wang)絡化(hua)(hua)(hua)傳輸、大數(shu)據(ju)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用，從而(er)使企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)呈現(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)風險(xian)識別(bie)自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)、決策(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、糾偏升級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)柔(rou)性(xing)組(zu)織形態和新型(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)模式。有(you)(you)學(xue)者認為，智慧企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)該具備將(jiang)新一代(dai)信息(xi)通(tong)信技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內外部生(sheng)產要素(su)高度(du)(du)(du)融合，在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)產、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)或服務過程(cheng)中實現(xian)(xian)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)決策(ce)、自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)執行(xing)和自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)演(yan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力。也有(you)(you)學(xue)者從培(pei)育(yu)世界一流(liu)(liu)(liu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)角度(du)(du)(du)出(chu)(chu)發，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)具備的(de)(de)(de)13項(xiang)共性(xing)要素(su)，包括公司治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、人才開發與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務結(jie)構(gou)、自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)研(yan)發、自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)品牌、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模式、集團管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控、風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、信息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、并購重組(zu)、國(guo)際(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、社會責任、績效(xiao)(xiao)衡量與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等；世界一流(liu)(liu)(liu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可視同(tong)智慧企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)階(jie)段。那么，如(ru)何了(le)(le)解(jie)數(shu)字技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)對智慧企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)呢(ni)？

企業管理成熟度模型

從微觀(guan)執(zhi)行(xing)層面(mian)看(kan)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)有(you)(you)明(ming)顯區別；企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)主要(yao)面(mian)向內部(bu)，所追求的(de)是(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)運行(xing)效(xiao)率，屬于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內功；企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)能(neng)力主要(yao)面(mian)向外部(bu)，所追求的(de)是(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益，不確定性很(hen)大。智(zhi)慧(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)需(xu)要(yao)強有(you)(you)力的(de)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)力，本(ben)文引入管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)成(cheng)熟度模(mo)型概念(nian)，以(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)評估和持(chi)續改進(jin)智(zhi)慧(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平。智(zhi)慧(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)成(cheng)熟度模(mo)型用于評價智(zhi)慧(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)“智(zhi)慧(hui)”水(shui)平，分為五(wu)個(ge)等級(ji)，并將最高(gao)三級(ji)命名為初級(ji)智(zhi)慧(hui)階段、中級(ji)智(zhi)慧(hui)階段、高(gao)級(ji)智(zhi)慧(hui)階段；但是(shi)，該模(mo)型將企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)力作為整體進(jin)行(xing)評價，沒有(you)(you)對管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)力和經(jing)營(ying)能(neng)力進(jin)行(xing)區分。本(ben)文以(yi)智(zhi)慧(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)成(cheng)熟度模(mo)型結合CMM/CMMI模(mo)型（劃分為五(wu)個(ge)成(cheng)熟度等級(ji)），緊密圍繞(rao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)運行(xing)效(xiao)率的(de)提升(sheng)和改進(jin)，在(zai)充(chong)分考慮影響企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)效(xiao)率的(de)關鍵要(yao)素和堅持(chi)成(cheng)熟度等級(ji)可評價的(de)基礎(chu)上，提出了企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)成(cheng)熟度模(mo)型，將企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平劃分為五(wu)個(ge)等級(ji)（I級(ji)為最低，V級(ji)為最高(gao)），如表1所示。

企業管理成熟度等級判定方法

1.常(chang)規(gui)(gui)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)：過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)CMM/CMMI模型(xing)(xing)采用過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)否達(da)標。過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)指執行(xing)(xing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)影(ying)響(xiang)效(xiao)率(lv)和(he)質量的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)類關(guan)(guan)鍵因(yin)(yin)素或(huo)(huo)主(zhu)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)稱，如需(xu)(xu)求管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、質量保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)、項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)策(ce)劃等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，每個過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)均包(bao)含(han)多(duo)(duo)個目(mu)(mu)(mu)標和(he)實踐。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)模型(xing)(xing)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)參(can)照CMM/CMMI已(yi)有過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)領域(yu)(yu)(yu)特(te)點(dian)，設(she)(she)(she)計相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標和(he)關(guan)(guan)鍵實踐。根據(ju)(ju)(ju)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)不(bu)同(tong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)征(zheng)或(huo)(huo)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標，將過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)解(jie)(jie)到不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)；企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)如果(guo)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)了某個成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)及(ji)更(geng)低(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)所有過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)所有目(mu)(mu)(mu)標和(he)關(guan)(guan)鍵實踐，就可(ke)視(shi)為該(gai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)達(da)到了該(gai)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)。過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)域(yu)(yu)(yu)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)幾(ji)十年的(de)(de)(de)實踐驗(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)，不(bu)僅全(quan)面性(xing)、客(ke)觀性(xing)和(he)準確(que)(que)(que)性(xing)高(gao)，而且擴(kuo)展性(xing)和(he)通(tong)用性(xing)也很(hen)強，但是(shi)存在復(fu)雜(za)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)較高(gao)、評判(pan)(pan)(pan)工(gong)(gong)作量較大(da)、周期(qi)(qi)較長等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)不(bu)足。2.新思路(lu)：信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)由于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存在以下特(te)點(dian)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)間建(jian)立了一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種必(bi)然(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)涉(she)及(ji)內容的(de)(de)(de)范圍與(yu)數(shu)(shu)量繁雜(za)多(duo)(duo)樣，其(qi)(qi)復(fu)雜(za)性(xing)特(te)點(dian)可(ke)能(neng)導致(zhi)執行(xing)(xing)層面細(xi)節的(de)(de)(de)準確(que)(que)(que)性(xing)很(hen)難保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)流(liu)(liu)于形式、運(yun)行(xing)(xing)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)被隨意(yi)干涉(she)或(huo)(huo)調整、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)相(xiang)互(hu)矛盾影(ying)響(xiang)決(jue)策(ce)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象成(cheng)(cheng)為常(chang)態。因(yin)(yin)此，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)引入信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)具，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)重復(fu)性(xing)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)自動化(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、相(xiang)互(hu)關(guan)(guan)聯(lian)(lian)或(huo)(huo)勾(gou)稽數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)驗(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)、執行(xing)(xing)層面的(de)(de)(de)細(xi)節管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)果(guo)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)涉(she)及(ji)領域(yu)(yu)(yu)相(xiang)互(hu)交叉、相(xiang)互(hu)影(ying)響(xiang)，其(qi)(qi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)性(xing)特(te)點(dian)可(ke)能(neng)導致(zhi)牽(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)而動全(quan)身，使(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)缺(que)乏有力抓手(shou)(shou)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)措(cuo)施經(jing)常(chang)半途而廢。因(yin)(yin)此，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)引入信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)具作為提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)有力抓手(shou)(shou)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)思想和(he)實施方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，可(ke)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)綱(gang)舉目(mu)(mu)(mu)張的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)果(guo)。此外，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)基于業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)模型(xing)(xing)構(gou)建(jian)，在推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)必(bi)然(ran)(ran)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)現(xian)(xian)(xian)狀與(yu)其(qi)(qi)存在差距，如果(guo)不(bu)能(neng)有效(xiao)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)這些問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)無法(fa)(fa)(fa)真(zhen)正發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)作用。顯然(ran)(ran)，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)作本(ben)(ben)(ben)質上是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)可(ke)以快速判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)低(di)(di)。基于信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)快速判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)，依據(ju)(ju)(ju)各等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標（同(tong)特(te)征(zheng)描述(shu)）可(ke)具體(ti)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。（1）初始級(ji)(ji)(ji)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)：無。（2）已(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)級(ji)(ji)(ji)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)：①已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)文過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，并(bing)(bing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)歷史版本(ben)(ben)(ben)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歸檔，方便員工(gong)(gong)查(cha)閱，至少(shao)覆蓋(gai)(gai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)；②已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)關(guan)(guan)鍵對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)基本(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，包(bao)括臺賬、成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、規(gui)(gui)模數(shu)(shu)量、變更(geng)、統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)計等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。（3）已(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)義級(ji)(ji)(ji)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)：①已(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)技術及(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)范，并(bing)(bing)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)門機(ji)構(gou)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；②已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，并(bing)(bing)建(jian)立流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)應(ying)(ying)(ying)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，至少(shao)覆蓋(gai)(gai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)無制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)支(zhi)撐(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或(huo)(huo)存在沖突的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)并(bing)(bing)及(ji)時(shi)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)；③已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)審批和(he)跟(gen)蹤，至少(shao)覆蓋(gai)(gai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)效(xiao)率(lv)低(di)(di)下的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并(bing)(bing)及(ji)時(shi)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)。（4）定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)量管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)級(ji)(ji)(ji)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)：①已(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核(he)(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)規(gui)(gui)范、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)規(gui)(gui)范、風險(xian)(xian)規(gui)(gui)范、財務(wu)規(gui)(gui)范等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)；②已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核(he)(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈基礎數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)準確(que)(que)(que)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)；③已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核(he)(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈全(quan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，至少(shao)包(bao)括業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)財一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)銷(xiao)存一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、生產制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)覆蓋(gai)(gai)所有主(zhu)營(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)，能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)增值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)崗位并(bing)(bing)及(ji)時(shi)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)，業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)可(ke)按(an)需(xu)(xu)獲取；④已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每筆主(zhu)營(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)收(shou)入和(he)支(zhi)出(chu)（含(han)各項(xiang)費用）進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歸集和(he)分(fen)析(xi)核(he)(he)算；⑤已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)主(zhu)營(ying)(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)風險(xian)(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)策(ce)略(lve)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)監控預(yu)警。（5）優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)級(ji)(ji)(ji)。信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據(ju)(ju)(ju)：①已(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)持(chi)續改進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)獎懲機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，并(bing)(bing)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)門機(ji)構(gou)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；②已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)低(di)(di)效(xiao)或(huo)(huo)無效(xiao)因(yin)(yin)素（如制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、崗位、數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)）進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，提(ti)(ti)供及(ji)時(shi)預(yu)警、在線培訓、多(duo)(duo)渠道查(cha)詢等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)方式提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)；③已(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)最佳實踐進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，包(bao)括識別、試點(dian)、推(tui)廣(guang)、評估(gu)、完善等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)關(guan)(guan)鍵過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。結論本(ben)(ben)(ben)文首先分(fen)析(xi)了企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)常(chang)用方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，然(ran)(ran)后參(can)考(kao)CMMI模型(xing)(xing)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)模型(xing)(xing)，并(bing)(bing)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)分(fen)析(xi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)間關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)基于信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)快速判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。該(gai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)判(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)可(ke)幫(bang)助企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)快速確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)自身的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)橫向(xiang)或(huo)(huo)縱(zong)向(xiang)比較，找準問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，有針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)性(xing)地提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)率(lv)。當然(ran)(ran)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)也不(bu)能(neng)脫離實際一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)味追(zhui)求過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)高(gao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該(gai)與(yu)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)相(xiang)匹配。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展大(da)致(zhi)可(ke)分(fen)為創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)期(qi)(qi)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)展期(qi)(qi)、成(cheng)(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)、高(gao)峰期(qi)(qi)、轉型(xing)(xing)期(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，不(bu)同(tong)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)不(bu)同(tong)，過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)高(gao)或(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)(di)都可(ke)能(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)利影(ying)響(xiang)和(he)資源浪費。

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作者：張明德 單位：中國國際技術智(zhi)力