第一章總則

第一(yi)條(tiao)為加強農(nong)村(cun)資(zi)(zi)金互(hu)助(zhu)社(she)的監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)，規范其組織和行(xing)為，保障農(nong)村(cun)資(zi)(zi)金互(hu)助(zhu)社(she)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)、穩健經營，改善(shan)農(nong)村(cun)金融服務(wu)，根據《中華(hua)人民共(gong)和國銀行(xing)業監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》等有關(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律、行(xing)政法(fa)(fa)(fa)規和規章，制定本(ben)規定。

第二條農(nong)村資(zi)金互助(zhu)社是指經(jing)銀行(xing)業(ye)(ye)監督管理機構批準，由(you)鄉(xiang)（鎮）、行(xing)政(zheng)村農(nong)民和農(nong)村小企業(ye)(ye)自愿入股組成(cheng)，為社員提供(gong)存(cun)款、貸款、結算等業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的社區互助(zhu)性銀行(xing)業(ye)(ye)金融(rong)機構。

第(di)三條農村資金互助社實行社員(yuan)民(min)主管理(li)，以服務社員(yuan)為宗旨(zhi)，謀求社員(yuan)共(gong)同利益。

第四條農村資金互(hu)助(zhu)社(she)是(shi)獨立的(de)企業法(fa)人(ren)，對由社(she)員股(gu)金、積(ji)累及合法(fa)取得(de)的(de)其他資產所(suo)形成的(de)法(fa)人(ren)財產，享有占有、使用、收益和處分的(de)權利，并以上述財產對債(zhai)務承擔責任(ren)。

第五(wu)條農村資金(jin)互助社的合法權益(yi)和(he)(he)依法開展經營(ying)活(huo)動受法律保(bao)護，任何單位和(he)(he)個人不(bu)得侵犯。

摘(zhai)要：農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)社(she)作為(wei)(wei)一種內生性(xing)的(de)(de)新型農村(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)機構之一，是農村(cun)(cun)(cun)普惠(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)重點。推動農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)社(she)可持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)是確保(bao)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興、促進普惠(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)前(qian)提。目(mu)前(qian)，我(wo)國(guo)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)社(she)可持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)還(huan)面臨法(fa)律(lv)地(di)位、融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、產(chan)權、監管等困境(jing)。為(wei)(wei)促進農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)社(she)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，我(wo)國(guo)應(ying)采取(qu)相應(ying)的(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)對策破解困境(jing)，優化(hua)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)社(she)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)法(fa)律(lv)保(bao)障機制。

關(guan)鍵詞：農村(cun)資金互(hu)助社；法律困境(jing)；法律對(dui)策

中(zhong)共(gong)十(shi)(shi)八屆(jie)三中(zhong)全會《中(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)央關于全面深化改(gai)革若干(gan)重大問題的(de)決(jue)定(ding)》提(ti)出(chu)“發(fa)展(zhan)普惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)。鼓(gu)勵(li)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)創新(xin)”戰(zhan)略目(mu)標。2015年(nian)12月，國務院(yuan)了《推進(jin)(jin)普惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃（2016—2020年(nian)）》，促進(jin)(jin)普惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)發(fa)展(zhan)確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家政(zheng)策。農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)社是指經銀(yin)(yin)行業監督管理(li)機(ji)(ji)構批準，由鄉（鎮(zhen)）、行政(zheng)村(cun)(cun)農(nong)(nong)民和(he)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)小企業自(zi)愿入股(gu)組(zu)成，為(wei)(wei)(wei)社員提(ti)供存款、貸款、結算等業務的(de)社區互助(zhu)性銀(yin)(yin)行業金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構。作為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)類新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)合作金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)組(zu)織，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助(zhu)社有著不同(tong)于其他(ta)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)新(xin)型合作金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)組(zu)織的(de)內生(sheng)性優勢。在普惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)和(he)鄉村(cun)(cun)振興戰(zhan)略的(de)大背景下，促進(jin)(jin)其持續發(fa)展(zhan)十(shi)(shi)分必(bi)要。

1農村(cun)資金互助社是推進農村(cun)普惠金融體(ti)系建設的重要力量

1.1農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)權利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)。2016年1月，國(guo)務院印(yin)發(fa)了(le)(le)《推(tui)進(jin)普惠金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規劃(hua)（2016-2020年）》，指(zhi)導(dao)我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)普惠金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)景與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)藍圖(tu)。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業大(da)國(guo)，推(tui)進(jin)普惠金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規劃(hua)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)目前(qian)我國(guo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)上(shang)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)問(wen)題(ti)”起到(dao)了(le)(le)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，然而(er)(er)要(yao)(yao)(yao)想徹底解(jie)決(jue)(jue)，離不(bu)開(kai)推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷完善發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)權利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)途徑，這(zhe)是(shi)由農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固有性(xing)(xing)質所(suo)(suo)決(jue)(jue)定。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)組(zu)織(zhi)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)通過(guo)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)集(ji)體(ti)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民存(cun)(cun)款入股為(wei)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)將農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)有效停(ting)留在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)內部而(er)(er)將資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)貸給社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)從(cong)事(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)，以(yi)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)內資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)為(wei)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)提供可(ke)(ke)(ke)貸款。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)借(jie)(jie)貸者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)借(jie)(jie)貸活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)時(shi)通常(chang)處在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)個弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)位。一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根源在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)信(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)，難(nan)以(yi)滿足“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”日益(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)。另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，信(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)通常(chang)會(hui)導(dao)致高(gao)(gao)昂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交易成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管理成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，使(shi)得(de)整個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率下降。而(er)(er)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)有社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)該片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)自愿加入，通常(chang)借(jie)(jie)貸雙方(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)非常(chang)熟悉彼此。這(zhe)樣就保(bao)(bao)證了(le)(le)借(jie)(jie)貸雙方(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)，降低(di)了(le)(le)整個交易流程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)，從(cong)而(er)(er)達到(dao)有效保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)權利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。1.2農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)力(li)量。“包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”是(shi)指(zhi)以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)中(zhong)心，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和諧發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，包括GDP增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)指(zhi)數(shu)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)數(shu)、社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)數(shu)、社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)福(fu)(fu)利(li)指(zhi)數(shu)、幸福(fu)(fu)指(zhi)數(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業大(da)國(guo)，我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)數(shu)十分(fen)龐大(da)。然而(er)(er)現(xian)實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)中(zhong)，仍(reng)有廣(guang)大(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)民想要(yao)(yao)(yao)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)卻并沒有城市地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)民那(nei)么簡(jian)單。真(zhen)正(zheng)提升(sheng)我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)全面發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)首(shou)選道路。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)部沿海(hai)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)達地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)平(ping)相(xiang)(xiang)較(jiao)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)西(xi)部地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)平(ping)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)。促(cu)進(jin)我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)全方(fang)(fang)(fang)位發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，應將重心放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)西(xi)部農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)同(tong)時(shi)兼顧東(dong)部沿海(hai)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，從(cong)而(er)(er)實現(xian)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)三類(lei)新(xin)型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)許(xu)多其(qi)他農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)組(zu)織(zhi)難(nan)以(yi)比擬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)(shi)。其(qi)中(zhong)最突出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)以(yi)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)中(zhong)心，所(suo)(suo)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)緊密圍繞著(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)而(er)(er)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)開(kai)，嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)了(le)(le)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)權益(yi)。通過(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，無一(yi)(yi)不(bu)體(ti)現(xian)出以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)中(zhong)心、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)和諧發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念，有力(li)地(di)(di)(di)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)力(li)量，二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)輔相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)。促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)包容性(xing)(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。1.3農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)形式。內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心思想是(shi)認為(wei)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)不(bu)依賴外力(li)推(tui)動(dong)實現(xian)持續(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術進(jin)步是(shi)保(bao)(bao)證經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)持續(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)定因(yin)素。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)概念由西(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)宏觀經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)學研究者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)于(yu)(yu)20世紀80年代提出，強調不(bu)完全競爭和收益(yi)遞增(zeng)(zeng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2007年就有學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)指(zhi)出，真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)不(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)(yong)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)框架內再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，建(jian)立新(xin)型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)組(zu)織(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)走內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)路徑。［1］若想推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，恰(qia)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)中(zhong)扮演了(le)(le)無比重要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角色(se)。而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，有著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)套特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情、熟人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)關系為(wei)紐帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)(yong)評價體(ti)系。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)(yong)評價體(ti)系恰(qia)巧有悖于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)規金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)所(suo)(suo)提倡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。而(er)(er)且農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)身承(cheng)擔著(zhu)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險，有著(zhu)不(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)預知性(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)脆弱(ruo)(ruo)性(xing)(xing)，再(zai)加之(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)監管以(yi)及金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)交易等成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)比之(zhi)(zhi)城市地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)(gao)昂許(xu)多，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)信(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)(xing)等等。綜(zong)上(shang)原因(yin)正(zheng)規金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)紛紛遠離了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)市場(chang)，使(shi)得(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)居(ju)民參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求得(de)不(bu)到(dao)滿足，引發(fa)了(le)(le)許(xu)多矛盾(dun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背景之(zhi)(zhi)下，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)順勢(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，有著(zhu)較(jiao)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內部平(ping)衡性(xing)(xing)以(yi)及對(dui)(dui)(dui)風(feng)險的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自我調整性(xing)(xing)，既能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)滿足農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)居(ju)民參(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)，又規避了(le)(le)其(qi)他金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)擔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險以(yi)及造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)良后果。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)是(shi)真(zhen)正(zheng)能(neng)(neng)促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)形式。

2普(pu)惠金融視(shi)角下的(de)農村資金互(hu)助社(she)可持(chi)續(xu)發展面臨(lin)的(de)法律困(kun)境

各鄉(鎮)黨委(wei)、縣(xian)委(wei)各部委(wei)、縣(xian)級國家機關(guan)各委(wei)、辦(ban)、局、行、社、司、院、校(xiao)黨委(wei)(黨組、總支、支部)：

在全(quan)縣各級黨(dang)組(zu)織(zhi)、企事業(ye)單(dan)位及(ji)社會(hui)各界的(de)(de)大力支持下(xia)，**縣委組(zu)織(zhi)部于**年7月1日正式(shi)啟動(dong)了(le)(le)“關愛(ai)活動(dong)”，并設立了(le)(le)**縣“困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)互(hu)助(zhu)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)”專戶，制定下(xia)發(fa)了(le)(le)《中(zhong)共**縣委組(zu)織(zhi)部關于對(dui)弱勢群體黨(dang)員(yuan)開展(zhan)“關愛(ai)活動(dong)”的(de)(de)工作(zuo)意見》及(ji)《**縣“困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)互(hu)助(zhu)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)”管(guan)理辦法》等規(gui)(gui)定。在近一年多的(de)(de)運作(zuo)中(zhong)，**縣“困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)互(hu)助(zhu)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)”確實為部分困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)解決(jue)了(le)(le)一些實際(ji)問題，發(fa)揮了(le)(le)積極的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。為進(jin)一步規(gui)(gui)范管(guan)理，管(guan)好(hao)用(yong)好(hao)“困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)互(hu)助(zhu)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)”，真正使互(hu)助(zhu)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)幫助(zhu)更多的(de)(de)困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)黨(dang)員(yuan)，特作(zuo)如下(xia)補充(chong)規(gui)(gui)定：

一、困難或身患重病黨員的標準

（一）困難黨員的標準

給予一次(ci)性經費(fei)補助(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)黨(dang)員的(de)(de)(de)標組(zu)織部每年向各基(ji)層(ceng)黨(dang)委(wei)公布一次(ci)“困難(nan)黨(dang)員互(hu)助(zhu)資金”的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)支情況。準(zhun)：有(you)3年以上黨(dang)齡，對黨(dang)忠(zhong)誠，擁(yong)護黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)領導，沒有(you)違法違紀行為的(de)(de)(de)；無子女或(huo)子女沒有(you)贍養(yang)能力的(de)(de)(de)；沒有(you)固定的(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)(huo)來(lai)源，生活(huo)(huo)難(nan)以維持的(de)(de)(de)。

（二）身患重病的(de)標準(zhun)

同志們：

省里召開這(zhe)次互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金試(shi)點工作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議，主要是總(zong)結(jie)我(wo)省第一批互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金試(shi)點經驗(yan)，安排部(bu)(bu)署今(jin)年(nian)互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金試(shi)點工作(zuo)。剛才，財政(zheng)廳文廳長就如何做(zuo)好(hao)今(jin)年(nian)互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金試(shi)點工作(zuo)作(zuo)了重要講(jiang)話，我(wo)很受啟(qi)發，完全贊同(tong)，希望大家要認真學習領會(hui)(hui)。今(jin)天上午，大家還要實地(di)考察縣王家泉村村民發展互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金協會(hui)(hui)建設(she)和資金運(yun)行(xing)情(qing)況，下午，還要聽取部(bu)(bu)分單位的經驗(yan)介(jie)紹。下面，我(wo)講(jiang)幾點意(yi)見。

 一(yi)、認真總結經(jing)驗，為今年試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)打(da)好基礎

自去(qu)年六月份以來，我省根據(ju)國務院扶貧(pin)辦(ban)、財政部的(de)統一(yi)部署，選(xuan)擇了10個縣（區(qu)）開展(zhan)互助資金試(shi)點(dian)工作，目(mu)前試(shi)點(dian)工作進展(zhan)順利，并(bing)取得了較好的(de)效果。主要表現在(zai)以下各個方面：

一(yi)是互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)的(de)建(jian)立(li)和運(yun)行比較規范。截(jie)至(zhi)今年(nian)七月(yue)底，10個(ge)試點縣（區）在51個(ge)試點村(cun)建(jian)立(li)了43個(ge)互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)，并全部(bu)在有(you)關部(bu)門注冊為(wei)合法組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)。有(you)11571個(ge)農(nong)(nong)戶、40498人加(jia)入(ru)了互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)，分別占試點村(cun)總(zong)戶數、總(zong)人口的(de)77%。在加(jia)入(ru)互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)的(de)農(nong)(nong)戶中，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)絕對貧困戶占93%、低(di)收入(ru)戶占90%。互(hu)助(zhu)(zhu)資金(jin)總(zong)規模達到1334.37萬元(yuan)，其中，中央安排150萬元(yuan)、省(sheng)財政安排618.85萬元(yuan)，農(nong)(nong)民出資551.31萬元(yuan)、社會捐助(zhu)(zhu)14.21萬元(yuan)。已累計向農(nong)(nong)戶發放借(jie)款1469.5萬元(yuan)，其中，投向種植業(ye)793.76萬元(yuan)、養殖業(ye)535.24萬元(yuan)、農(nong)(nong)產品加(jia)工業(ye)63.3萬元(yuan)、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產資料營銷77.2萬元(yuan)，分別占借(jie)款資金(jin)總(zong)數的(de)54%、37%、4%、5%。

二是互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)益初步(bu)顯(xian)現。長期(qi)以來，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)短缺(que)、貸(dai)款難是制約農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)經(jing)濟發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要因素(su)之(zhi)一，貧(pin)(pin)困(kun)(kun)地區(qu)、貧(pin)(pin)困(kun)(kun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)這一問題尤(you)為突(tu)出。互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)建立，在(zai)一定程度上緩(huan)解(jie)了(le)試點村(cun)發展(zhan)生(sheng)產(chan)所(suo)需資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)短缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)問題，使貧(pin)(pin)困(kun)(kun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)可以借(jie)(jie)到(dao)他們發展(zhan)生(sheng)產(chan)所(suo)急需的(de)(de)(de)小額資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，加(jia)(jia)快了(le)他們脫貧(pin)(pin)致(zhi)富的(de)(de)(de)步(bu)伐。據統計(ji)，互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)建立不到(dao)一年的(de)(de)(de)時間，累計(ji)已(yi)有3272戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)得到(dao)了(le)借(jie)(jie)款，其中到(dao)期(qi)還款戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)均增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)收入都在(zai)1000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上。市7個(ge)互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)合作(zuo)組織，已(yi)有1214人次借(jie)(jie)款570.5萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，發展(zhan)種植、養(yang)殖、運輸、農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)工營(ying)銷等生(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)項目，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)收入169.65萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，到(dao)期(qi)還款戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)均增(zeng)收1500多元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。縣(xian)5個(ge)互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)合作(zuo)組織已(yi)向農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)發放貸(dai)款107.2萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)均增(zeng)收1760元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。縣(xian)6個(ge)互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)合作(zuo)組織放貸(dai)154萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，支持農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蒜苗生(sheng)產(chan)、養(yang)兔和食(shi)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)工，戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)均增(zeng)收都在(zai)2000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上。縣(xian)連崮峪村(cun)曹宏偉借(jie)(jie)款5000多元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)販賣水果，80多天純掙3000多元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

編者按：本文(wen)主要(yao)從充分認識村(cun)民(min)生(sheng)產(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)意(yi)義；加(jia)(jia)強管(guan)理，規(gui)范操作(zuo)(zuo)，確保村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)穩步推(tui)(tui)進；強化領(ling)導，落實(shi)(shi)責(ze)任，確保村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)取得實(shi)(shi)效進行講述。其中，主要(yao)包括：開展(zhan)村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)是落實(shi)(shi)中央(yang)決策部署、推(tui)(tui)動農村(cun)經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)戰略舉(ju)措、開展(zhan)村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)是加(jia)(jia)快我縣(xian)脫貧(pin)致富、增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)貧(pin)困農民(min)收入的(de)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)選擇、開展(zhan)村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)是堅持開發(fa)式扶(fu)貧(pin)方針、促進扶(fu)貧(pin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)管(guan)理使(shi)用的(de)有益(yi)探索和(he)創新(xin)、開展(zhan)村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)是促進農村(cun)精神文(wen)明建設、構建和(he)諧社會的(de)必然要(yao)求(qiu)、村(cun)民(min)互(hu)助(zhu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試點(dian)是一(yi)項新(xin)生(sheng)事物，是扶(fu)貧(pin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)管(guan)理方式的(de)一(yi)次創新(xin)、建立(li)組(zu)織，加(jia)(jia)強領(ling)導、明確職責(ze)，落實(shi)(shi)責(ze)任、嚴格紀律(lv)，落實(shi)(shi)獎懲等(deng)，具體材料請詳見：

同志們：

縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府召開的(de)(de)這(zhe)次全縣(xian)(xian)村(cun)民生產發(fa)展互助(zhu)資金試點工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)會議，主要(yao)是總(zong)結我(wo)縣(xian)(xian)近兩(liang)(liang)年(nian)來試點工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)取得的(de)(de)經驗(yan)，安排部(bu)署今年(nian)的(de)(de)試點推(tui)廣工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。剛才，縣(xian)(xian)扶(fu)貧(pin)辦對有關業務(wu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)進行了培訓輔導(dao)，江集紀倫寨、望疃喬莊兩(liang)(liang)個行政(zheng)村(cun)的(de)(de)負責同志作(zuo)(zuo)了典型發(fa)言，他們(men)(men)在試點工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中取得的(de)(de)經驗(yan)值得我(wo)們(men)(men)借鑒。縣(xian)(xian)扶(fu)貧(pin)辦陳華主任和財政(zheng)局馬靜(jing)局長分別作(zuo)(zuo)了講話，他們(men)(men)的(de)(de)講話我(wo)完全贊(zan)同，請同志們(men)(men)認(ren)真貫徹落實，確(que)保我(wo)縣(xian)(xian)互助(zhu)資金試點工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)順利推(tui)進。下面，我(wo)再(zai)強調三點意(yi)見：

一、充分認(ren)識村民生(sheng)產發(fa)展(zhan)互助資金試點(dian)工(gong)作的意(yi)義

農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)短缺(que)(que)是我國(guo)經濟(ji)發展(zhan)(zhan)過程中長期以來(lai)一(yi)直未能(neng)解(jie)(jie)決的普遍問題，也(ye)(ye)(ye)是推進扶貧(pin)開發、促進農村(cun)(cun)(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)亟(ji)待解(jie)(jie)決的重(zhong)要問題。當前，農村(cun)(cun)(cun)特別是貧(pin)困地(di)區一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)缺(que)(que)乏生(sheng)產發展(zhan)(zhan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)，一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)是社會閑散資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)過剩，農村(cun)(cun)(cun)的增(zeng)(zeng)值收(shou)益剩余(yu)基本被四大國(guo)有商業(ye)銀(yin)行和郵政儲蓄等金(jin)(jin)融機構(gou)抽走而(er)流向城市(shi)。同時，由于現(xian)(xian)行金(jin)(jin)融制度、政策(ce)和經營管理(li)理(li)念與(yu)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)需求者的條件(jian)不匹(pi)配，甚(shen)至存在沖突，農村(cun)(cun)(cun)信(xin)用(yong)社雖然主(zhu)要面(mian)(mian)向農村(cun)(cun)(cun)，但其(qi)“非農化(hua)”、“城市(shi)化(hua)”特征也(ye)(ye)(ye)日趨明顯。資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)的大量流失和貸款(kuan)融資(zi)(zi)(zi)難，使資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)成為(wei)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)最稀缺(que)(que)的資(zi)(zi)(zi)源，農村(cun)(cun)(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)著(zhu)嚴重(zhong)的“錢荒”，已成為(wei)加(jia)(jia)快農村(cun)(cun)(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)的重(zhong)要制約(yue)因(yin)素。開展(zhan)(zhan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)民互(hu)助資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試(shi)點工作，不僅提高(gao)了貧(pin)困地(di)區農民增(zeng)(zeng)收(shou)致富能(neng)力，充分體現(xian)(xian)了國(guo)家扶貧(pin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)進村(cun)(cun)(cun)入戶政策(ce)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)使扶持資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)實現(xian)(xian)了市(shi)場化(hua)、商業(ye)化(hua)運作，增(zeng)(zeng)強了農民的成本意(yi)識、效益意(yi)識、風險意(yi)識和誠信(xin)意(yi)識，為(wei)緩解(jie)(jie)“三農”發展(zhan)(zhan)融資(zi)(zi)(zi)難提供(gong)了新的借(jie)鑒。我們一(yi)定要充分認識到開展(zhan)(zhan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)民互(hu)助資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)試(shi)點工作對(dui)發展(zhan)(zhan)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)經濟(ji)、增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)農民收(shou)入將發揮(hui)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)重(zhong)要的作用(yong)。

1、開(kai)展村(cun)民互(hu)助資金試點工作是落(luo)實中央決策部(bu)署、推動(dong)農村(cun)經濟發展的戰略舉措(cuo)。

各(ge)(ge)(ge)街道黨(dang)工(gong)委(wei)(wei)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)鎮、鄉黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)，區(qu)委(wei)(wei)各(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)委(wei)(wei)，區(qu)直各(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)門、各(ge)(ge)(ge)人民(min)團體黨(dang)組（黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)、總(zong)支、支部(bu)），各(ge)(ge)(ge)區(qu)屬國有重(zhong)點企(qi)業黨(dang)組織(zhi)：

根據《關于印發〈**市**區黨(dang)內(nei)(nei)互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)管理(li)辦(ban)法(試行)〉的通知》（**委(wei)(wei)組(zu)(zu)通[2007]55號）的要求，為(wei)了認真搞好(hao)黨(dang)內(nei)(nei)互助(zhu)幫(bang)扶資(zi)金(jin)的募集、管理(li)和(he)使用工作，經研(yan)究(jiu)，決定成立(li)“**市**區黨(dang)內(nei)(nei)互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)管理(li)辦(ban)公(gong)室”，辦(ban)公(gong)室設在區委(wei)(wei)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)，辦(ban)公(gong)室主任由區委(wei)(wei)常委(wei)(wei)、組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)長陳珍明同(tong)(tong)志擔任，辦(ban)公(gong)室副主任由區委(wei)(wei)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)副部(bu)長謝(xie)保華同(tong)(tong)志擔任。

特此通知

尊敬的各(ge)位領導，各(ge)位來(lai)賓，同志們：

祝村民發展(zhan)互助資金(jin)合作(zuo)社健(jian)康有序地(di)發展(zhan)壯大！祝各位領導、各位來(lai)賓身體健(jian)康、工作(zuo)順(shun)利、萬事如意！最(zui)后。

這里隆重(zhong)(zhong)舉(ju)行(xing)村(cun)民發(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)(hu)助資(zi)金(jin)合作(zuo)社成(cheng)立揭牌儀式，今天(tian)。這是貫徹落實省市(shi)(shi)改革(ge)扶貧方式的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)舉(ju)措，也是踐行(xing)科學發(fa)展(zhan)觀、致力(li)解決(jue)“三農”問題的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)體現，對進一步推進我(wo)縣扶貧工(gong)作(zuo)必將起到重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)示(shi)范帶動作(zuo)用。此，代表縣委、縣政府，向多年來給予極大(da)關心和(he)(he)支持的(de)(de)(de)省、市(shi)(shi)各位領導表示(shi)熱(re)烈的(de)(de)(de)歡迎和(he)(he)衷心的(de)(de)(de)感謝(xie)！對村(cun)民發(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)(hu)助資(zi)金(jin)合作(zuo)社的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)立表示(shi)熱(re)烈的(de)(de)(de)祝(zhu)賀！

全(quan)(quan)縣各級(ji)堅(jian)持(chi)以科學發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)觀統領全(quan)(quan)局，近年來(lai)。全(quan)(quan)面推進經濟建(jian)設、政治(zhi)建(jian)設、文化建(jian)設、社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)建(jian)設和黨的(de)建(jian)設，全(quan)(quan)縣經濟社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)得(de)到又好又快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。但是由于農(nong)村(cun)(cun)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)基礎單薄，現在全(quan)(quan)縣還(huan)有絕(jue)對貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)人(ren)口(kou)萬人(ren)，低收入(ru)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)人(ren)口(kou)萬人(ren)，屬扶(fu)貧(pin)開發(fa)(fa)工作(zuo)(zuo)重點縣。工作(zuo)(zuo)中，始終注重做好貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)群眾的(de)扶(fu)貧(pin)工作(zuo)(zuo)，努力改善困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)難(nan)群眾生活。特別是今年以來(lai)，抓住被列為國家(jia)級(ji)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)村(cun)(cun)村(cun)(cun)民發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)助資金試點縣的(de)機遇，省、市領導的(de)具(ju)體指導、協(xie)助下，深入(ru)調查研究，加(jia)強組(zu)織協(xie)調，狠抓工作(zuo)(zuo)落實，村(cun)(cun)民發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)助資金專業合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)試點工作(zuo)(zuo)取得(de)了(le)階(jie)段性效果。截至目前，縣由個(ge)行政村(cun)(cun)（14個(ge)自然村(cun)(cun)）聯合(he)(he)成立(li)的(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)入(ru)社(she)(she)(she)農(nong)戶已達戶，互(hu)(hu)(hu)助資金總量達到萬元。作(zuo)(zuo)為全(quan)(quan)省首個(ge)多村(cun)(cun)聯合(he)(he)型村(cun)(cun)民發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)助資金合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)，充(chong)分體現了(le)民有、民管、民用(yong)、民受益”原則，標志著我(wo)縣加(jia)強和完善扶(fu)貧(pin)工作(zuo)(zuo)邁出了(le)堅(jian)實的(de)一步(bu)，對于提高貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)農(nong)民自主管理(li)、自我(wo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和團(tuan)結(jie)協(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)能(neng)力，優化農(nong)村(cun)(cun)信用(yong)環境(jing)，促進全(quan)(quan)縣新農(nong)村(cun)(cun)建(jian)設具(ju)有重大的(de)現實意義(yi)。

村民發(fa)(fa)(fa)展互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社要在省市扶貧開發(fa)(fa)(fa)部(bu)門的關(guan)心(xin)指導下，縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政(zheng)府希望。認真貫徹(che)落實上級(ji)扶貧宗旨，把加快產(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構調(diao)整，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展特色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)放在首位(wei)，強化服務意(yi)識，堅持民主(zhu)管(guan)理，健(jian)全(quan)運營機制，不時擴大規模，提高(gao)市場競爭力，推(tui)動合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社不時向(xiang)更(geng)高(gao)層(ceng)次邁進(jin)，為(wei)我縣(xian)新農村建設做(zuo)出更(geng)大的貢獻。全(quan)縣(xian)各(ge)級(ji)各(ge)部(bu)門要全(quan)力支持村民發(fa)(fa)(fa)展互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社的發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，為(wei)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社發(fa)(fa)(fa)展發(fa)(fa)(fa)明(ming)更(geng)加有利的條(tiao)件，確保實現長(chang)效發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。這里，也懇請(qing)各(ge)位(wei)領導、各(ge)位(wei)來(lai)賓，對村民發(fa)(fa)(fa)展互助(zhu)資(zi)金(jin)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社和的各(ge)項(xiang)工作(zuo)(zuo)，繼(ji)續給(gei)予關(guan)心(xin)、支持和幫助(zhu)

謝謝大家！

[摘(zhai)要(yao)]職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)互助保障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)對于它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)實(shi)現與發(fa)展具有(you)重大(da)作用。但目前我國職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)互助保障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)存在資(zi)金(jin)監管(guan)缺(que)位(wei)、多頭開戶管(guan)理(li)(li)、會計核算方法陳舊、資(zi)金(jin)發(fa)放個人化(hua)等問題。因此，應推進(jin)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)互助保障(zhang)資(zi)金(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規范化(hua)，設計資(zi)金(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)軟件，健全支付體系，加強資(zi)金(jin)審(shen)計工(gong)(gong)作，建立透明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)運(yun)作管(guan)理(li)(li)體系，實(shi)行DC型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)信托制，以改革(ge)現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)管(guan)理(li)(li)制度(du)。

[關鍵詞(ci)]職工互(hu)助(zhu)保障；資金管理；制(zhi)度

我(wo)國現行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制(zhi)度始于建國初(chu)期(qi)(qi)，經(jing)過數十年的(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)，現已(yi)(yi)(yi)從初(chu)期(qi)(qi)單(dan)一(yi)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)助(zhu)互(hu)濟活(huo)(huo)(huo)動發展到涵括醫療、意(yi)外(wai)等(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)各種互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)計劃(hua)(hua)，工(gong)會組織(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動開(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)最為(wei)普(pu)通和廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)。職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動是由社會團體倡(chang)導組織(zhi)，廣(guang)(guang)大職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)在自(zi)愿(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上所(suo)開(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種操作成(cheng)本低廉、形式靈活(huo)(huo)(huo)多樣，以互(hu)助(zhu)互(hu)濟分散風險為(wei)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)合作制(zhi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)經(jing)濟形式。據(ju)不(bu)(bu)完全統計，全國共有(you)(you)(you)2.3萬(wan)(wan)個已(yi)(yi)(yi)建工(gong)會的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)層單(dan)位開(kai)辦了職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動，僅省級機構就有(you)(you)(you)876.8萬(wan)(wan)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)參(can)加保(bao)(bao)險。其(qi)中(zhong)，參(can)加醫療互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)計劃(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)480.8萬(wan)(wan)人，參(can)加養老(lao)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)計劃(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)近169.8萬(wan)(wan)人，參(can)加工(gong)傷(shang)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)計劃(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)227.6萬(wan)(wan)人，涉及金(jin)額(e)達數百(bai)億元，累計賠付6.9萬(wan)(wan)人次，支付賠付金(jin)6235萬(wan)(wan)元。工(gong)會組織(zhi)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)開(kai)展，對(dui)于實現老(lao)有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)養、病有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)醫、工(gong)傷(shang)有(you)(you)(you)保(bao)(bao)險、災害有(you)(you)(you)賠償、失業(ye)有(you)(you)(you)救濟、殘疾有(you)(you)(you)安置(zhi)、貧困有(you)(you)(you)支援，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)廣(guang)(guang)大職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)，解(jie)除人們的(de)(de)(de)后顧之憂，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)化解(jie)有(you)(you)(you)可能發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)各種社會矛盾具有(you)(you)(you)重大作用，它起(qi)到了“安全網(wang)”、“助(zhu)推器”和“穩(wen)定器”的(de)(de)(de)作用。然(ran)而，隨著改革(ge)開(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)深入和社會不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)進步，原來制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)相關管理制(zhi)度在諸多方面已(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)能適應形勢發展的(de)(de)(de)需要，其(qi)缺陷和弊(bi)端也逐漸顯現出(chu)來，其(qi)中(zhong)，互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)資金(jin)管理表(biao)現得最為(wei)突出(chu)。

一、職工互(hu)助保障資金管理(li)存(cun)在的問題

互助保障資(zi)金(jin)是指由職工會員(yuan)交納(na)的(de)會費(fei)(fei)、保障計劃(hua)金(jin)(保險費(fei)(fei))、管(guan)理(li)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)、補償(chang)金(jin)(理(li)賠金(jin))以及資(zi)金(jin)的(de)保值增(zeng)值等有關(guan)資(zi)金(jin)。目(mu)前(qian)上(shang)述資(zi)金(jin)在管(guan)理(li)過程(cheng)中主要存在以下(xia)問題：

1.資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)監管(guan)(guan)缺(que)位。當(dang)(dang)前我(wo)國(guo)職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)監管(guan)(guan)，一個最(zui)重要的(de)問題在于管(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與監督(du)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)合一。職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)運(yun)(yun)作部(bu)門既當(dang)(dang)“運(yun)(yun)動(dong)員”即(ji)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)營(ying)運(yun)(yun)主體，又當(dang)(dang)“裁判(pan)員”即(ji)負責資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)運(yun)(yun)營(ying)的(de)行政監督(du)。而職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)組織者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)——各級工會，對互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)運(yun)(yun)營(ying)的(de)監管(guan)(guan)僅限于人事管(guan)(guan)理(li)和組織監督(du)，缺(que)乏風險監管(guan)(guan)手段和方式。與此(ci)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會又是工會組織的(de)一個職(zhi)能(neng)部(bu)門，對外行使管(guan)(guan)理(li)職(zhi)能(neng)，致使工會組織在互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)上既當(dang)(dang)監管(guan)(guan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)又成為委(wei)托人、投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人和資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產管(guan)(guan)理(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，角(jiao)色模糊不清，政企不分，容(rong)易(yi)使養老基(ji)金(jin)缺(que)乏獨立和足夠的(de)行政監管(guan)(guan)。與目前我(wo)國(guo)社(she)保資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)的(de)做法相比，互(hu)(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)機構(gou)的(de)權力太雜，主辦者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)監督(du)角(jiao)色很不突出，對資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)的(de)安(an)全運(yun)(yun)行非(fei)常不利。

我國(guo)現行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障制(zhi)度(du)始于建國(guo)初(chu)(chu)期，經(jing)過數十年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行，現已(yi)從初(chu)(chu)期單一企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)互(hu)(hu)濟(ji)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)發展到(dao)涵括醫療、意(yi)外等(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障計劃(hua)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)會組(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)開(kai)(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)為(wei)普通和(he)(he)(he)廣(guang)(guang)泛。職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)由社會團體倡導組(zu)織，廣(guang)(guang)大職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)自愿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上所開(kai)(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)操(cao)作成本(ben)低廉、形式靈活(huo)(huo)多(duo)樣，以互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)互(hu)(hu)濟(ji)分散風險(xian)為(wei)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合作制(zhi)保障經(jing)濟(ji)形式。據(ju)不(bu)完全統計，全國(guo)共有(you)2.3萬(wan)個已(yi)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)層單位(wei)開(kai)(kai)辦了職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，僅省(sheng)級機構就有(you)876.8萬(wan)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)參加保險(xian)。其中，參加醫療互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障計劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)480.8萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，參加養(yang)老互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障計劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)近169.8萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，參加工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障計劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)227.6萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，涉及金(jin)額(e)達數百(bai)億元(yuan)，累計賠(pei)付6.9萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)次，支付賠(pei)付金(jin)6235萬(wan)元(yuan)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)會組(zu)織互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)泛開(kai)(kai)展，對于實現老有(you)所養(yang)、病(bing)有(you)所醫、工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)有(you)保險(xian)、災害有(you)賠(pei)償(chang)、失業有(you)救(jiu)濟(ji)、殘疾有(you)安(an)置、貧困有(you)支援，保障廣(guang)(guang)大職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)生活(huo)(huo)，解除人(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)顧之憂，有(you)效化(hua)解有(you)可(ke)能發生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)社會矛盾具(ju)有(you)重大作用(yong)，它起到(dao)了“安(an)全網”、“助(zhu)推(tui)器”和(he)(he)(he)“穩定器”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。然(ran)而(er)，隨著改革開(kai)(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)深入和(he)(he)(he)社會不(bu)斷(duan)進步，原來(lai)制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障相(xiang)關管(guan)理制(zhi)度(du)在(zai)諸多(duo)方面已(yi)不(bu)能適應形勢發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要，其缺(que)陷和(he)(he)(he)弊端也逐漸顯現出來(lai)，其中，互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保障的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資金(jin)管(guan)理表現得最(zui)為(wei)突出。

一、職(zhi)工(gong)互助保障資金(jin)管(guan)理存在的(de)問題

互(hu)助保障(zhang)資(zi)金是指由職工會(hui)(hui)員交納的(de)會(hui)(hui)費、保障(zhang)計劃金(保險(xian)費)、管理費用、補償金(理賠金)以及資(zi)金的(de)保值增值等(deng)有關資(zi)金。目前上述資(zi)金在管理過程中主要存在以下問題：

1.資(zi)(zi)金監管缺(que)位(wei)。當前我(wo)(wo)國職工(gong)(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)金監管，一(yi)(yi)個最重要的(de)(de)(de)問題在(zai)于(yu)管理(li)者與監督(du)者兩者合一(yi)(yi)。職工(gong)(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)金運作部門既(ji)當“運動(dong)員”即資(zi)(zi)金營(ying)(ying)運主體，又(you)(you)當“裁判(pan)員”即負責資(zi)(zi)金運營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政監督(du)。而職工(gong)(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)組織者——各級工(gong)(gong)會，對(dui)(dui)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)金運營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)監管僅限(xian)于(yu)人(ren)事管理(li)和(he)(he)組織監督(du)，缺(que)乏風險監管手(shou)段和(he)(he)方式。與此同時，職工(gong)(gong)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會又(you)(you)是工(gong)(gong)會組織的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個職能(neng)部門，對(dui)(dui)外行(xing)(xing)使(shi)管理(li)職能(neng)，致使(shi)工(gong)(gong)會組織在(zai)互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)(zi)金的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)上既(ji)當監管者，同時又(you)(you)成為委托(tuo)人(ren)、投資(zi)(zi)人(ren)和(he)(he)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)管理(li)者，角色模糊不(bu)清，政企不(bu)分，容易(yi)使(shi)養老基金缺(que)乏獨立和(he)(he)足夠的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政監管。與目前我(wo)(wo)國社保(bao)資(zi)(zi)金的(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)法相比，互(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)機構的(de)(de)(de)權力(li)太雜，主辦者的(de)(de)(de)監督(du)角色很不(bu)突出，對(dui)(dui)資(zi)(zi)金的(de)(de)(de)安全運行(xing)(xing)非(fei)常不(bu)利。

2.多(duo)頭開(kai)戶管(guan)理(li)。由于(yu)不同職工(gong)互(hu)(hu)(hu)助保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)計劃(險(xian)種)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發與推廣(guang)時(shi)間不同，互(hu)(hu)(hu)助保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)組(zu)織(zhi)按照分(fen)戶管(guan)理(li)，分(fen)險(xian)種核算(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則與要(yao)(yao)求需要(yao)(yao)建立專戶、專賬。但目前有的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方甚至(zhi)由經辦機構專門為企業互(hu)(hu)(hu)助保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)經辦人用(yong)個(ge)人名義開(kai)設銀行卡(或存(cun)折)，以(yi)便節(jie)省(sheng)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)在途(tu)時(shi)間和(he)防患(huan)在途(tu)風險(xian)。此(ci)外，隨著(zhu)職工(gong)互(hu)(hu)(hu)助保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)活動(dong)業務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)多(duo)，互(hu)(hu)(hu)助保障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)組(zu)織(zhi)在銀行開(kai)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)數量也越來越多(duo)，少則十(shi)幾個(ge)，個(ge)別地方甚至(zhi)有幾十(shi)個(ge)，不同性質和(he)用(yong)途(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)表面上存(cun)在于(yu)相關款戶，但實際上卻又相互(hu)(hu)(hu)混淆，這就難(nan)以(yi)反映資(zi)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實面目，造成資(zi)金(jin)(jin)管(guan)理(li)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)混亂，給資(zi)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保值(zhi)(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)帶來一定(ding)困(kun)難(nan)。

3.核(he)(he)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)陳舊。現行的(de)(de)(de)《職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)》、《職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)財(cai)(cai)務制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)》是(shi)中(zhong)華(hua)全國總工會(hui)(hui)于1997年(nian)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)，隨著(zhu)時間的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)移(yi)，當時設定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)與目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際情(qing)況相比存在諸多不(bu)(bu)相適應的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)。在整個互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)事業(ye)隨著(zhu)市場經濟的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展向(xiang)縱深推(tui)進的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，暴露(lu)出(chu)財(cai)(cai)務會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)核(he)(he)算(suan)(suan)體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)滯后，進而出(chu)現互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)財(cai)(cai)務會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理論體(ti)系(xi)不(bu)(bu)完(wan)善，會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主體(ti)不(bu)(bu)明確，會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)核(he)(he)算(suan)(suan)體(ti)系(xi)陳舊等(deng)弊端。如對(dui)資(zi)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)使用規定(ding)過于粗線條，資(zi)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)籌集和發(fa)放(fang)無詳細又便于操(cao)作的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)補償金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)發(fa)放(fang)無定(ding)量標(biao)準，全國的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)組織甚至出(chu)現因(yin)為各(ge)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)核(he)(he)算(suan)(suan)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)統一，財(cai)(cai)務處理方(fang)(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)一致，造成資(zi)金(jin)統計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)口徑不(bu)(bu)統一，數據來源“數出(chu)多門”的(de)(de)(de)困境等(deng)等(deng)。因(yin)此，急需(xu)對(dui)職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)金(jin)管理辦(ban)法(fa)進行修(xiu)訂，以適應當前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要。另外(wai)，職(zhi)工互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)核(he)(he)算(suan)(suan)手段也明顯落后于時代的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。目前(qian)全國大部分地(di)(di)區(qu)仍然(ran)采取手工記賬的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，至今還沒有一套完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)資(zi)金(jin)會(hui)(hui)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使用管理軟(ruan)件。

內(nei)容摘要(yao)：本文從(cong)提高農(nong)(nong)民組織化視角，來進一步(bu)認(ren)識發展農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助社(she)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)，指出農(nong)(nong)村(cun)合作(zuo)金(jin)(jin)融組織是(shi)調整農(nong)(nong)戶生產關系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)組織體(ti)，是(shi)普惠金(jin)(jin)融體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)基礎元素，是(shi)商業銀行(xing)保持(chi)可持(chi)續(xu)發展的(de)(de)(de)條件，是(shi)聯結國(guo)家(jia)與(yu)農(nong)(nong)民關系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)紐(niu)帶組織。通過對全國(guo)首家(jia)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助社(she)試點取得(de)的(de)(de)(de)成效、經驗(yan)和(he)存在的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)分析，進一步(bu)指明了真偽合作(zuo)制(zhi)在農(nong)(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)不同地位和(he)作(zuo)用，由(you)此建(jian)議(yi)國(guo)家(jia)配套(tao)相(xiang)關投入政策，把(ba)發展農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助社(she)作(zuo)為推進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)抓手(shou)，積極地加以推動，切實解(jie)決(jue)融資(zi)難問(wen)題(ti)，建(jian)立(li)起分層(ceng)次(ci)金(jin)(jin)融供給(gei)體(ti)制(zhi)和(he)機制(zhi)，構(gou)建(jian)起完善的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)合作(zuo)金(jin)(jin)融組織體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。

［關(guan)鍵詞］農(nong)村(cun)資金(jin)互助社(she)農(nong)民組織化農(nong)村(cun)金(jin)融改(gai)革

經過農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體系的(de)(de)三次改革(ge)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市場的(de)(de)建(jian)立和(he)完善，已經有了很大(da)的(de)(de)進展(zhan)。但是，在這一(yi)過程中，我們(men)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)組織的(de)(de)地位和(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用，還沒有足夠的(de)(de)認識。實際(ji)上，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市場從來不(bu)(bu)(bu)缺(que)(que)少商(shang)業金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活動(dong)(dong)，這包括(kuo)正規的(de)(de)商(shang)業金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活動(dong)(dong)，也包括(kuo)民間貨幣借貸、商(shang)業物資(zi)(zi)賒購賒銷(xiao)等融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)性(xing)活動(dong)(dong)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)改革(ge)的(de)(de)瓶頸，不(bu)(bu)(bu)是商(shang)業金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足，而(er)是以農(nong)(nong)(nong)民為主體的(de)(de)合作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)組織缺(que)(que)失。這種狀(zhuang)況，一(yi)方面造成農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶受到商(shang)業資(zi)(zi)本的(de)(de)盤剝，另(ling)一(yi)方面又使(shi)他們(men)因(yin)借貸來源的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)穩(wen)定，面臨資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)鏈條隨時有中斷的(de)(de)可能(neng)。因(yin)此，我們(men)需要重新(xin)認識農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)功能(neng)和(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用，把(ba)銀監會新(xin)政中“發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)互助社”這一(yi)環(huan)節(jie)，作(zuo)(zuo)為推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)改革(ge)的(de)(de)核心工作(zuo)(zuo)，成為支持新(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建(jian)設，促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)經濟體自我循環(huan)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)關鍵制度安排(pai)。

一、農村(cun)(cun)合作金融(rong)是深化農村(cun)(cun)金融(rong)改(gai)革的核心(xin)

2006年底，中(zhong)國銀(yin)監會從(cong)農(nong)村(cun)金融(rong)供給不足和競爭不充(chong)分(fen)的角度(du)考慮，將農(nong)村(cun)資金互助(zhu)社和村(cun)鎮銀(yin)行(xing)、貸款公(gong)司，列為新(xin)增(zeng)三類農(nong)村(cun)銀(yin)行(xing)業(ye)金融(rong)機構。我們有(you)必要從(cong)提高(gao)農(nong)民組織化(hua)角度(du)，再來認識農(nong)村(cun)合作金融(rong)的基礎性作用，更加積(ji)極(ji)地(di)制定配(pei)套政策，來推進農(nong)村(cun)資金互助(zhu)社試點工作。

（一(yi)）農(nong)(nong)村(cun)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)融組(zu)織(zhi)是(shi)調整(zheng)農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)載體(ti)。我國農(nong)(nong)村(cun)基本經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)制度，是(shi)以家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)承包經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)為基礎(chu)(chu)，統分結合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙層經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)體(ti)制。事實上，我國農(nong)(nong)村(cun)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)體(ti)制是(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，是(shi)單(dan)一(yi)體(ti)制，沒有(you)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)保護，小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)面對大(da)(da)市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風浪顛簸，無(wu)依(yi)無(wu)靠(kao)，隨時就(jiu)有(you)破(po)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)。這種分散獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)，雖(sui)然(ran)適(shi)(shi)應農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)特(te)質，但并不(bu)能(neng)適(shi)(shi)應市(shi)場經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要求(qiu)(qiu)，需(xu)要在(zai)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)基礎(chu)(chu)上，構建適(shi)(shi)應社會化大(da)(da)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新型生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)，提高市(shi)場主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)地(di)位(wei)，以適(shi)(shi)應激烈(lie)市(shi)場競爭要求(qiu)(qiu)。發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)互助(zhu)社，正是(shi)通過金(jin)融資(zi)金(jin)組(zu)織(zhi)和(he)杠桿聯結農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要，在(zai)不(bu)改(gai)(gai)(gai)變(bian)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)條(tiao)件下，農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)通過發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)融組(zu)織(zhi)，將農(nong)(nong)村(cun)一(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)聯合(he)(he)起來，集聚資(zi)本，一(yi)方(fang)面滿足家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互資(zi)金(jin)借貸(dai)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，另一(yi)方(fang)面，構建起新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)，改(gai)(gai)(gai)變(bian)單(dan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)獨戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)小經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)基礎(chu)(chu)，依(yi)靠(kao)集體(ti)和(he)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力量(liang)調整(zheng)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)結構，促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)化發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)推進(jin)二、三產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)金(jin)互助(zhu)社能(neng)夠調動農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)積極性和(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，是(shi)推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)金(jin)融改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決定力量(liang)，億萬農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)不(bu)通過合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)融紐帶(dai)聯結農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)，就(jiu)無(wu)法發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮出合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力量(liang)，就(jiu)無(wu)法真(zhen)正依(yi)靠(kao)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)群眾推進(jin)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，拋開農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)推進(jin)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)，不(bu)但改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)難以深入，也(ye)不(bu)可能(neng)給(gei)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)帶(dai)來實惠，改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)成(cheng)果就(jiu)難以惠及大(da)(da)多數人民(min)(min)。